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The GalnesvlHo Bftgle. Published Kvery Friday Morning GARRY W. STYITesT, Kriitor and Proprietor. Terms—Two Dollars a Year, in Advance. —OFFICE Up-stairs in Candler Hall Building, Northwest Coiner o f Public rquire. j tar The Official Organ of Hall, Banka, White, Towns, Union and Dawson counties, and the city of Gainesville. Hcs a large general circula'ton In twelve other counties in Northeast Georgia, and two coun ties in Western North Carolina. Kutes of* Advertising. One dol'ar por square for flrt insertion, and flfty cents for each subsequent insertion. Marriage notices and obituaries exceeding six lines will be charged for as advertisements. Personal or abusive communications will not be i usertud at any price. Communications of general or local interest, under a genuine signature respectfully solicited from any source. flutes of Legal Advertising. Hhedif’s sales for each levy often linos or less $2 60 Bach subsequent ten lines or leas - . 260 Mortgage Sales (60 days) per square - • 500 Bioli HU Imoquent ten lines or less - 600 Adm’r’s, Kx'r’s or Guard’n’s sales, (todays) pr sq 5 00 Notice to debtors and creditors - - 5 00 Citat’s for let’rs of adm’n or guard’na'p (t wka) tOO Leave to sell real estate - . 6 00 Let’rs of dism'n of adm'n or guard'n (8 mo.) 6 00 Estray notices - - . . . . -8 00 Citations (unrepresented estates) • - 4 00 llule nisi in divorce cases - - >6 00 tff Fractiont u/a square (or inch) are charged in all e airs as full, squares or inches. “Bg Notices of Ordinaries calling attention of adminis trators, execators and guardians to making their an nual returns; and of Sheriffs in regard to provlaiois sections 364'J, of the Code, JMntnzsHKD raise for the Sheriffs aud ordinaries who patronize the Kacms. Advertisers who desire a specified space for 8, 6 or 12 months will receive a liberal deduction from our regular rates. iter All bills due after first insertion, unless special oontract to the contrary be made. ■ , GENERAL DIRECTORY. lion. George l). Rico, Judge 8. C. Western Circuit. A. L. Mitchell, Solicitor, Athens, G. COUNTY OFFICERS. J. B. M. Wluburn, Ordiuary. John L. Gaines, Sheriff. J. F. Duckett, Deputy Sheriff. J. J. Mayue, Clerk Superior Court. N. B. Clark, Tax Collector. J. K. H. Luck, Tax Receiver. Gideon Harrison, Surveyor. Edward Lowry, Coroner. R. C. Young, Treasurer . CHURCH DIRECTORY. PitKHiiYTKitiAN Church—Rev. T. P. Cleveland. Pas tor. Preaching every Sabbath morning and night, except the second Sabbath. 8u day School at 9a. m. Prayer meeting Wednesday evening at 4 o’clock. Methodist Cbubch Rev. D. D. Cox, Pastor. Preaching every Sunday morning and night. Sunday School at 9a. m. Prayer meeting Wednesday night. Baptist Chough Rev. W. C. Wilkes, Pastor. Preaching Sunday morning. Sunday School at 9 a. m. Prayer meeting Thursday evening at 4 o’clock. YOUNG MEN’S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. A. M. Jackson, President. R. C. Maddox, Vice President. W. B. Clements, Secretary. Regular services every Sabbath evening at one of the Churches. Cottage prayer meeting'' every Tues day night in ’’Old Town,” and Friday night near the depot. FRATERNAL RECORD. Floweby Bbanch Lodge No. 79, I. O. O. TANARUS., meets every Monday night, Joel Laseteb, N. G. B. F. Stedham, Sec. Almsman v Royal A acn Chapter meets on tlie Sec ond ami Fourth Tuesday evenings in eaoh month, W. M. Puckett, Sec’y. A. W. Caldwell, H. P. Gainesville Lodok, No. 219. A.’. F.\ M.\, meets on the First and Third Tuesday evening in the month It. Palmoub, Sec’y. It. E Gbkkn, W. M. Air-Line Lodoe, No. 04, I. O. O. F., meets every Friday evening. C. A. Lilly, Sec. W. H. Harrison, N. G. MpRNi.NO star Lodge, No. 813, I. O. G.T., meets ev ery Thursday evening. Claud Estes, W. 3. J. P. Caldwell, W. C. T. tforth-Kasteru Star Lodge, No. 386 I. O. G. TANARUS., moots every Ist and 3d Saturday ovenings, at Antioch Church. F. S. Hudson, W. 0. T. H. W. Rhodes, Secretary. GAINESVILLE POST OFFICE. Owing to recent change of schedule on the Atlanta and Charlotte Air Line Railroad, the following will be the schedule from date: Mail from Atlanta [fast] 6.24 p. m. Mall for Atlanta [fast] 5.4:1 a. m. Office hours: From 7 a. m. to 12 m., and from IX p. m. to 7 p. m. General delivery open on Sundays from B>£ to 9g. Departure of mails from tbil office: Dahlonega and Gilmer county, dally B lf r. m Dahlonega, via Wahoo amt Ethel, Saturday a. m Jefferson At Jackßon county, Tuesday, Thurs day and Saturday 7 a. m Cleveland, White, Union, Towns and Hayes ville N. c Tqgr.day. •’.nffiFridays 7 a. m Dawsohvffie and Dawson county, Saturday 8 a. in Homer, Banks county, Saturday 1 p. m Pleasant Grove, Forsyth county, Saturday .. .1 p. m M. R. ARCHER, P.M. Professional and Business Cards. “land warrants, College Kami Scrip, Ami Revolutionary Scrip, Bought and Bold on commission, by M. W. RIDEN, United Slates Claim Agent. N. B. Parties holding Warrants as Admin istrator, Executor, Guardian, etc., will be fully advised how to proceed with them by writing to me. M. W. liIDEN. june'22-tf J. L. PEERS A. A. CAMPBELL PEERS & CAMPBELL, COMMISSION MERCHANTS Nos. 7 and 13 Marietta Street, Atlanta, Ga. References—Win. R. J. Lowry, J. R. Wiley, J. C. Carter, Stephens k, Flynn. apr27-Sm A. ,T. SIIAFFKH, M D., Physician ami Surgeon. yj* Sjicciiil At tent lot. Given to Di.enac* Common to Women. “©9 Otlice near Northeast corner Public Square. Always in office whon not professionally engaged. Gainesville, Ga., May 25, 1877. ly MARKHAM HOUSE. BY .J. E. OWENS, At the East End of the Union Depot, Atlanta. G-a. Attention by W. D. WILEY and T. A. HAMMOND. mayll-H * A. C. MOSS, Attorney at Law, Homer, Banks County, Georgia. YTTILL ATTEND PROMPTLY to all busi ness intrusted to his care. mar9-ly MAItLEIt & PERRY. Attorneys at law. Gainesville , ga, Office In the Court House. One or the other of the firm always present. Will practice in Hall and adjoining counties. aug'2s-ly I) It . It. B . A DAI It, DENTIST, Griiinesville, Ga. janlf ly MARSHAK L. SMITH, ~ Attornry and counsellor at law. Dawsonville, Vaivson county, Ga. jaul4-tf ,1 OH N B. ESTES, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW, Gainesville, Hall county. Georgia. , ( . J. WELLBORN, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW, lilairsville, Union county, Georgia. S AMI LL ( . DUNLAP, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Gainesville, Ga. Office in the Candler building, in the room occupied by the Eagle in 1875. aprstf. VVIEIt BOYD, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Dahlonega, Ga. 1 will Practice in tho counties of Lumpkin, Dawson. Gilmer, Fannin, Union and Towns counties n the Blue Ridge Circuit; and Hall, White and Rabun in the Western Circuit. May 1,187 f-tf. 31. VV. RIDEN, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Gainesville, Georgia. Jail. 1, 1876-ly J. J. TURNBULL, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Homer. Ga —Will practice in all the eouuties composing the Western Cir ouit. Prompt attention given to all claims entrusted to his care. Jan. 1,1876-ly. JAMES A. BUTT, ATTORN EY AT LAW A LAND AGENT, BlairtviUe Ga. Prompt attention given to all badness entrusted to his care. June a, U7l-M The Gainesville Eagle 1 >i’voli'd to Dolitlcs, TSews of tlie Day, The Farm Interests, Home Matters, and Olioioe Miscellany. VOL XI Facts for the People. It is an undeniable fact that no article was ever placed before the public with so much undis puted evidence of its great medical value, as the YEC^ETINE. For every complaint for which Vegetink is recommended, many testimonials of what it has done is furnished to the public at large, and no one should fail to observe that nearly all of the testimonials are from people right at home, where the VKUKTINE is prepared, and as the streets and numbers are given, there can be no possible doubt about the matter. Boston, Dec. 17,1872. H. It. Stevens, Esq.: Dear Sir—May I ask the favor of you to make my case public'/ In 1861, while on picket duty in the army, I was taken with a lit, which lasted all night. Was taken into camp and dosed with whiskey and quinine. After this had Jits every day, and was taken to Newborn Hospital, and there treated by the attending physicians. I grew worse and was sent home. Remained in poor health for four years, trebling with many physi cians and trying many remedies. Finally Scrof ula made its appearance on different parts of my body, and my head was so diseased as to he frightful to look at, and painful; beyond endur ance. After trying the most eminent physicians, without improvement, a change of climate was advised. Have been to the Hot Springs in Arkansas twice, each time giving tlieir treatment a thorough trial. Finally came hack to Boston discouraged, with no hope of help. Life was a burden to one in my situation. My disease, and tlie effect of so much powerful medicine, had so damaged my system that tlie action of my stom ach was apparently destroyed, and my head was covered witli ulcers which had in places eaten into the skull hone. The best physicians said my blood was so full of poison they could do no more for me. About this time a friend who had been an invalid told me Vegetink. had restored him to perfect health and through his persuasion 1 commenced taking Vegetink. At tins time I was having tits al most every day. 1 noticed tlie first good effects of Vegetink in my digestive organs. My food sat better and my stomach grew stronger. I began to feel encouraged, for I could see my lioalih slowly and gradually improving. With renewed lio|e I continued taking the Vjsgk rixh, until it had completely driven disease, out ot my body. It cured the tits , gave me good, pure blood, and restored me to perfect health which 1 had not enjoyed before for tei* years! Hundreds of people n* tlie city of Boston can vouch tor the above facts. Vkgetink has saved my life, and you are at liberty to make such use of this statement as pleases you best, and I beg of you to make it known that other sufferers may find relief with less trouble and expense than J did. It will afford me great pleasure to show the marks of my disea: e or give any further inf or* rnation relative to my case to all who desire it. 1 am, sir, very gratefully, JOHN PECK, No. 50 Sawyer street, Boston, Mass. Twenty-Seven Years Ago. H. U. Stevens, Esq.: Dear Sir—This is to cer tify that my daughter was taken sick wlieii she was three years lild, ami got so low that we were obliged to keep her on a pillow, without moving to keep the little thing together. She was at tended by several physicians the regular at tending one being old Dr. John Stevens. Tliev all pronounced her ease incurable. She liad been sick about a year, when hearing of the great Blood Remedy, A egetine, I commenced giving her that, and continued it regularly till slie was about seven years old, when she was pronounced perfectly cured. During her sickness three pieces of hone were taken from her right arm above the elbow, one of them being very long Several small pieces were also taken from her left leg. She is now twenty-seven years old, and is enjoying good health, and lias ever since slie was seven years old, with no signs of Scrofula or any other blood disease. Her arm is a little crooked, hut she can use it almost as well as tlie other. Her legs are of equal length, and sho is not in the least lame. Her case was Scrofula, inhented in tlie blood; and 1 would recommend all those having Scrofula Humor or any other blood disease, if they wish to have a perfect Cure, to try Vegetink, the reliable blood rem oily, which docs not weaken tlie system like many other preparations recommended, but, on the contrary, it is nourishing and strengthening. My daughter’s case will fully testify this, for I never saw nor heard of a worse form of Scrofula. HULDA SMITH, 1J Monument street, Charlestown, Mass. MUS - SARAH M. JONES, ‘Vpril !0 rß7o lllVail StTeet * Charlestown, Mass. above statement shows a perfect cure of ocroiula in its worst form, when pronounced Incurable, of a child four years of age, twenty three years ago. The lady, pow twenty year* old, oifcjoying perfect nealth. VEQ-ETINE is Sold by all Druggists. ,TUTrS_PILLS I A Noted Divine says They are worth their weight in golds READ WHAT HE SAYS: Dr. Tutt: —Dear Sir: For tun years I have been a martyr to Dyspepsia, Constipation, and Piles. Last soring your pills were recommended to me ; I used tnem (but with little tuith). lam now a well man, have good appetite, digestion perfect, regular stools, piles gone, and I have gained forty pounds solid flesh. They are worth their weight in gold. Rev. R. L. SIMPSON, Louisville, Ky. tutps pills medicine thirty years, and CURE BICK HEAD- for a longtimewasdemon. strator of anatomy in the TIITTIA mi 1 Medical College of Geor- TUTT’S PILLS CURE DYSPEPSIA. tee that they are prepared ■■■■■ mi. 11 on scientific principles, TUTT’S PILLS Sck r er e y!' reefrom ; 11 He has sncceeded in OURS CONSTIPATION ( . Oln |, inins j,, them the __ heretofore antagonistic TUTT’S PiLLS CURE PILES. Hying tome. TIITT!0 D3I I O fcct is to increase the ap lUI I I ILLw polite by causing the food to properly assimilate. CURE AND 'Thus the system is nour ished, and by their tonic TIITTIA (VI ■ n hl* ion on the digestive or- TUTT’S P LLS il'iDS, regular and healthy * evacuations are produced. CURE BILIOUS COLIC The rapidity with which 11 1 persons lake on flesh, TIITTJO OHIO While under the influence IUI I W lILLu of these pills, ol itself in- CUHE KIDNEY COM- dicatcsUieir adaptability PI ATTJT to nourish the body, anil lienee their efficacy iu ettr- TUTT’S PILLS ancholy, dyspepsia, wast ing of the muscles, slug- CURE TORPID LIVER gishness of the chronic constipation, ana imparting health and strength to the system. Sold everywhere. Office, 35 Mu ray Street, New York. Triumph of science. iS Gray Hair can be changed to a I glossy black by a single application of ■ Dr.TuTT's Hair Dye. It acts like magic, ■ and is warranted as harmless as water. I Price si.oo. Office 35 Murray St., N. Y. What is Queen’s Delight? Read the Answer It is a plant that grows in the South, and is spe cially adapted to the cure of diseases of that climate. ' nature’s own remedy, Entering at once into the blood, expelling all scrof ulous, syphilitic, and rheumatic affections. Alone, it it a searching alterative, but when combined with Sarsaparilla, Yellow Dock, and other herbs, it forms Dr. Tutt’s Sarsaparilla and Queen’s Delight, The most powerful blood purifier known to medical science for the cure of old ulcers, diseased joints, foul discharges from the ears and nostrils, abscesses, skin diseases, dropsy, kidney complaint, evil effects of secret practices, disordered liver and spleen. Its use strengthens the nervous system, imparts a fair com plexion, and builds up the body with HEALTHY, SOLID FLESH. As an antidote to syphilitic poison it is strongly recommended. Hundreds of cases of the worst type have been radically cured by it. Being purely veg etable its continued use will do no harm. The best time to take it is during the summer and fall; and instead of debility, headache, fever and ague, you will enjoy robust health. Sold by all druggists. Frice, SI.OO. Office, 35 Murray Street, New York. (GEORGIA, HALL COUNTY.—D. P. Casey, Executor of the last will and testament of John Casey of said county, deceased, ap plies for letters dismissory from said executor ship; Therefore all persons interested are hereby cited to file their objections (if any they have) and show cause (if any they can) why said Executor should not be discharged from his said trust, otherwise said letters will be granted the applicant at the September term of the Court of Ordinary for said county, to be held on the first Monday of said month, 1877. J. B. M. WINBURN, Ordinary. Ordinary’s office, May S, 1877. * may 11 -3m DEORDIA 10 HER NEW SENATOR. | % Dogrel from the N\ Y. Sun. i Don’t go it too strong, O Benjamin Hill, The Georgia that honored may honor you still, But not if your tongue is too lavish with praise Of the artful de\ ices of Rutherford Hayes. Of carpet-bag thieves there at length is surcease. And Georgia has joy in her sisters’ release, Though she isn’t by any means ready to swear That it’s due to the Fraud in the President's chair. From the bondage of years, from the wrong and the grief; To be free once again is a precious relieff But reason must fail ere our tongue -can applaud The creature whose forehead is branded with Fraud Dont go it too strong, then, 0 Benjamin Hill, That the State which has honored, may honor you still; Asa mother she speaks to a dutiful child, And teaches the wisdom of drawing it mild. DRIFTING AWAY. Drifting away from each other, Silently drifting apart, Nothing between but the world’s cold screen, Nothing to lose but a heart. Only two lives dividing More and more every day; Only one soul from another soul Steadily dittiug away. Only a man’s heart striving Bitterly hard with its doom; Only a hand, tender and bland, Slipping away in the gloom. Nothing of doubt or wrong, Nothing that either can cure; Nothing to shame, nothing to blame, Nothing to do but endure. The world caflnot stand still, Tides ebb, and women change: Nothing here that is worth a tear, One love less—nothing strange. Drifting away from each other, Steadily drifting apart.— No wrong to each that the world can reach, Nothing lost but a heart. PEACE IN THE FAMILY. The following excellent rules for promoting peace in the family, have been suggested: Remember that our will is likely to be crossed every day, so prepare for it. Everybody in the house has an evil nature as well as ourselves, ancl there fore we are not to expect too much. To learn the different temper and disposition of each individual. To look on each member of the family as one -ier whom \To should" have a care. When any good happens to any one to rejoice at it. When inclined to give an angry an swer, to overcome evil with good. If from sickness, pain or infirmity, we feel irritable, to keep a very strict watch over ourselves. To observe, when others are suffer ing to drop a word of kindness and sympathy suited to them. To watch for little opportunities of pleasing, and to put little annoyances out of the way. To take a cheerful view of the weather, and of everything, and to en courage hope. To speak kindly of the servants, and to praise them for little things when you cau. Iu all little pleasures that occur to put self last. To try for “the soft answer that turneth away wrath.” When we have been pained by an uukind word or deed, to ask ourselves, “Have I not often done the same and been forgiven. In conversing, not to exalt ourselves but to bring onthers forward. To be very gentle with the little ones, and treat them with respect. Never to judge another harshly, to attribute a good motive whenever we can. HOW TO BECOME A MILLIONAIRE. You must be a very able man, as nearly all the milliouaires are. You must devote your life to the get ting aud keeping of other men’s ear nings. You must care little or nothing about other men’s wants, or sufferings, or disappointments. You must not mind it that your great wealth involves many others in poverty. You must not give away except for a material equivalent. You must not go meandering about Nature, nor spend your time enjoying air, earth, sky, or water, for there’s no money in it. You must never embark in any en terprise that build up the place you live in, but wait until the public spiri ted men have built railroads, etc, then buy the stock at a discount. You must never give to the widow or orphan a thought, or consider that they have any claims upon your hu manity or charity. You must make money your god; interest your faith, aud large posses sions the heaven you covet. And, when dying, give a few pence to heaven. You must not distract your thoughts from the great purpose of your life with the charms of art and literature. You must not let philosophy or reli-, giou engross you duriug the secular time. You must not allow your wife aud children to occupy much of your valua ble time and thoughts. You must never permit the fascina tions of friendship to inveigle you into making loans, however small. You must abandon all other ambi tions or purposes, and finally— You must be prepared to sacrifice ease and all faDciful notions you may have about tastes and luxuries and en joyments during most, if not all, of your natural life. If you think the game is worth the caudle—you can die rich—some of you can.—The Critic. GAINESVILLE, GA., FRIDAY MORNING, JULY 20. 1877. PRESIDENT JENKINS’ SPEECH, On assuming the Presidency of the Constitutional Convention, Hon. Chas. J. Jenkins said: Gentlemen of the Convention: We have assembled to execute a most im portant trust, confided to us by a no ble constituency and involving im mense responsibilities. Government is essential to society and the progress of civilization. It exists among the nations of the world in various forms, according to their varying ideas of ex pediency. In absolute monarchies the will of the potentate is the law of the subject, for in him abide sovereignity and government. In such a social or- ganization all ideas of limitation and division of powers is excluded, but among us very different ideas of social polity obtain. We hold that the peo ple are of a right, and must continue to be, sovereign. But, inasmuch as in a population so numerous as ours, spread over so great an extent of ter ritory, the people cannot, in the na ture of things, govern aggregately, the disposition is to delegate to selected members of the body politic specific powers; and, inasmuch as the delega tion of all these powers to a single in dividual, or to certain number of indi viduals, for any time would not be safe the expedient bas been adop’.ed of di viding and limiting them. Under such polity two distinct systems, or bodies, of law are necessary; one emanating directly from the people, providing for the appointment of certain agents or bodies of magistracy to conduct the government in its ordinary course, prescribing the mode and manner of their appointment, prescribing their terms of service and delegating to each class its proper functions and powers, and denominated fundamental, or con stitutional law. The other enacted by one of the bodies of magistracy and subject to be changed or abolished by them, regulating the conduct of men iu their mutual relations, defining and protecting the rights of persons and property, and providing means to car ry on the governm nt established by the people, and denominated statutory law. Although the fundamental law should be in its nature abiding,seldom subjected to change, in the progress of events, in the onward march of civili zation, experience may demonstrate to the wisest people the necessity of changing the organization, or the mode of appointment, or the tenure of one or all of the bodies of magistracy charged with the government of the state—of enlarging or curtailing the powers of one or all. Numerous and cogent reasons migTff. -btraasigueS, showibg tue absolute pro priety of modifying at this time the constitution of Georgia—some drawn from the authority by which and the circumstances under which it was con structed and adopted, others suggest ed by inherent defects of the instru ment. But here and now this would be supererogatory. The legislature having submitted to the people them selves whether they will or will not convene for the purpose of framing anew their constitution, they, in their wisdom, have determined that they will, and have deputed us to frame one and submit it for their consideration. [Applause.] It would be equally in appropriate for me on this occasion to attempt even a sketch of such an in strument aH would meet the exigencies of the times. In the discharge of this great duty you will, with such formalities as you may desire, hear suggestions, compare views, endeavor to harmonize conflict ing opinions, and then digest the weighty matter of your earnest lucu brations. But I trust you will receive kindly a few general suggestions, some of which, if adopted, will, I think, facili tate the great work upon which you are entering, narrow the field of in quiry and promote concession and final agreement. First, then, the interests of tho state at large, the grand body politic,should be regarded as paramount to local con siderations. The last, coming into conflict and persistently adhered to, sometimes defeat reforms far more im portant than all the antagonizing in terests. The essential difference between constitutional and statutory law, al ready alluded to, should be kept stead ily in view. There are principles in herent to republican government in dispensable to its success. There are acts which government (as distin guished from sovereignty,) should be commanded to perform; and there are acts to which government might be tempted by the urgency of illdigested public opinion, but which, traced to final results, imperil Yveifaie, and which government should be pro hibited from doing. These proposi tions are not stated for the purpose of covering the whole ground, but for illustration, and these and such like matters, lie properly within the pale of constitutional law. Again there are matters of law which involve no great fundamental princi pie, which depend upon considerations of expediency growing out of every varying circumstances and which, be ing tested often call for speedy amend ment or abrogation. There is such a thing as legitimate tentative legisla tion, aud where experiment discloses error, repeal or modification should be prompt, easy and inexpensive By leaving out of the fundamental law provisions, either mandatory or prohibitory, which it should contain, too great attitude is given to legisla tive discretion and the omission to do what should be done, or the doing of what should not be done, may entail irreparable injury. By including in the fundamental law matters which are proper subjects of statutory regulation you may render the assembling of the people in con vention too frequent and bring the constitution itself into contempt. Both these extremes should be carefully avoided. We live in a progressive age, but l re^S sometimes in a wrong di- sometimes too rapid, again at titles, in particular interests unduly lerated by the adoption of meas -s*l* to the general welfare, generally maintained as w egislatures of the sovereign states of the American union is that they miy make all laws which the\ ''"T d4m necessary r-oner for th;,f' J of the state, sist.-nt w-‘ w stale an-. 1 Uit.bu oia , ba oxj-efe , ofJJue states:' w hich we live. Now, recurring to the spu.fc of progress before alluded to, an' comparing the legislation of Geor giy in the early days of the public witj; the scope of that of this day, it will. I think be found that the legisla ture has, in the recent past, dealt with thejcesources of the state, which are th e jLP°ckets of the people, in a way never dreamed of in that earlier day. I nUy mention as an example the jog of the public faith and credit in Hpd of private enterprises. These are often undertaken without slet ade quate to the end and credit relied upoif to supply the deficiency. Asa ques|ion between borrower and lender it uiiey well be left to their discretion; but vijhen the latter demands and the former sues for state endorsement, it assunes anew and startling aspect. Barrjirs against such legislation were deeded unnecessary in the time of slow*;} but severer, progress; it may wcllGbe considered whether they are not u!pw essential! Th<j proposition that in a popular soverignty the education of the masafiis a consideration of the high est ipljnent, cannot be disputed. There are ofi m measures proposed in ad vance >f legislative action which have been : dvocated, and their opponents and ti: 1 people are called upon to cast theirf’ptes for or against those meas ures ly voting for these advocates of their foponents. But as many of the peoplj as are not sufficiently educated to wejgh arguments pro and con., vote in tbddark, cast votes by personal fa voritiin only, which, nevertheless, count]n making up the majority that passfetifor sovereign judgment upon grave measures of state policy. It is souiovones said the education of the ma\e J is immaterial, because in every in every age, grave political measures are originated and carried out Jvk few leading and highly culti vated Minds. We may grant this to be so. j Still two answers may be given to it afa a practical proposition. First, In njfnular sovereignties those leading ’-niads jpansb be placed in position to act by the suffrage of the masses, and if that suffrage be cast without refer ence to the theories or the proposed policies of opposing candidates, the ballot decides no principle, and is in effect a nullity. A much lower stand ard of education will suffice to under stand measures originated and ex plained than that requisite to originate and explain them. But there must be to some extent invigoration and en largement by educational process— there must be instilled into the mind some general political principles, by which the soundness of theories or measures proposed, may be tested. And that individual who has not been educated to this point, and it is not a very high one or very difficult of at tainment, is unprepared for the exer cise of the sovereignty in which he participates. Therfore the state is in duty bound to take measures which will place such limited education with in reach of the masses. (Applause.) If it be true that reliance must be had at last upon a few leading minds, it will not be questioned that ‘those minds require a very high grade of education. They must be worked up to such vigor and grasp of thought, and furnished with such stores of knowledge as will enable them to in vestigate, and understand, and eluci date the most difficult problems of po litical science. And how is this to be obtained? Only in the higher institu tions of learning—in those designated by the comprehensive title of universi ties, so-called, because they are sup posed capable of teaching everything that may be learned. I lay it down as a self-evident proposition, that every people claiming to be sovereign, and duly exercising the attributes of sov ereignty should, and must, if true to themselves, have such an institution. (Applause.) Taka Georgia for an ex ample. How else is she to be provided with those leading minds, who are to guide the masses through the intricate processes of government? Well, you say that her youths must go for this education to and become pupils of university the union or in foi\ToomS, that we Reflect, that theypl'iTere receive teachings incompatible with our ideas of good government. But look at the proposition in another point of view. Reduce it to its last analysis, and what is it? Just this, that the sovereignty of Georgia must remain forever under the pupilage of other sovereignties. Is this compatible with the dignity—is it compatible with the honor of the em pire state of the south ? 'Will it be said that Georgia has now an univer sity ? Yes, she has an university by name, but, trust me, it is in an embryo state. Its trustees have been earnest in their endeavors to expand it and give it the body and the appliances of an university. But it is a most morti fying fact that the means are wanting. Without more liberal endosvment the object cannot be accomplished. [Ap- I plause.J My fixed belief is that Georgia will not be true to herself until she shall have provided an ample endowment for common school and university edu cation. I know and feel the burdens of the people at this time, and I know and feel that with the heavy losses of property they have substained, and with the tremendous financial depres sion which pervades the country at this time, immediate and full endow ment of these enterprises is not to be I expected. But I believe that a system can be devised by which these great objects can be accomplished within a few years, gradually, without increas ing the pecuniary burdens now resting on the people, and I think you will agree with me that the great object is worthy of the most serious considera tion. [Applause.] no caution against class nd or discrimination against ptizens of African descent. I feel rfect assurance that there is no member of this body who would pro pose suchj,ction, and if there was ho hud himself without a fol -3-- That portion of our popula tion are coming to seo and will sooo realize that those who once occupied a different relation to them, fully re cognize the ehaQge that has elevated their civil status, and are in truth theii best friends. [Applause] It is unnecessary to speak of out federal relations. These are created by and well defined in the constitution of the United States. All rght-mindert men see and know that Georgia is ob serving strict fidelity to them, and therefore need make no new pledges, assume no obligations, upon that con stitution. Entirely outside of these x'e lations Georgia has a reserved sover eignty and a government to maintain This is the precise field of our labors, and there is in it scope enough lor the grandest intellect and the most ardent patriotism. Limiting ourselves to Uni sphere of action, keeping steadily in view as our polar st ir the reserved sovereignty of Georgia, looking to the enlightenment of her people, the de velopment of her resources and her steady progress in civilization, let us endeavor to frame for her a constitu tion in which generations of a remote future shall regard as the palladium of their sacred liberty and their unboun ding prosperity. I tender you, gentlemen, my most grateful acknowledgements for the high honor you have conferred by placing me in this chair. I shall be most happy if at the conclusion of your labors you feel no regret at the choice you have made of a presiding officer. More than a quarter of a cen tury has passed since I have had any experience iu such a position, time enough to have forgotten much of the limited parliamentary knowledge I may then have acquired. I cau not therefore promise you great efficiency or tact in the discharge of the duty devolving upon me. I can give you most positive assurance of a desire and purpose, as far as in me lies, to be always right, impartial, just and courteous. You can aid me very much, gentlemen, and economize time and mouey by strictly observing the rules yon mary adopt for your own government, and considering whatever of argument you may feel inclined to offer to your associates, as far as may be compatible with your sense of duty. lam now ready to hear any motion you may have to present. A HISTORIC COINCIDENCE. The Emperor Alexander is now over looking campaigns at the very point where his father, the stern Nicholas, came near being killed by a shell iu 1828. Fifty years ago the fanatical Romanoff was pushing his legions across the Danube and into the lata! Dobrudscha, and a stone still marks the spot where the enemy’s shell went wide of the mark and le't the royal soldier to be killed by a subsequent campaign. Thirty years later he was again watching the aged Paskievitch force the crossing of the Danube, and this time defeat and mortification were too much for the proud Russian, and he fell a victim to his own ambition, and the pacific Alexander hastened to make peace at the conference of Paris. Autocratic Russian Czars like other monarchs imagine they make peace or war and the stern logic of events dis pose while they propose. Nations in the process of growth and develop uient infringe upon each other, and as their orbits come near together con flict resuhs despite the most pacific autocrat or the most humane peace policy. Alexander finds himself, de- pite himself, directing the Cossack legions which he himself called off a half century ago. Like Alexander I. he is averse to war, and yet his illus trious predecessor twice entered Pari.-, and marshaled eight hundred thousand men to destroy the first Napoleon. The second Alexander is likely to enter the city of the Crescent as a con queror when he would rather have pursued the pacific reforms of internal administration. The two are remark ably similar in many respects. Each has the delicacy and gentleness, with the subtlety, and oerhaps the perfidy _of the Greek, while each has somt- Ahjng of the loftiness and heroism of cue Roman, Napoleon said of Alex ander the First that his intentions were the best, but he would lie like a Greek.—Nashville American. Bare Neck and Arms. —An eminent physician declared: ‘I believe that during the twenty-six years I have fol lowed my profession in this city, twen ty thousand children have been car ried to the cemeteries, a sacrifice to the absurd custom of exposing their arms naked. And yet it is said that the low-necked fashion is coming in again. Do not follow it.’ During August and September, Ve nus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn, will be all visible at the same time. Mars will, on September 5, be only 35,000,- 000 miles from the earth, which is a rare occurrence, and his appearance will of course be unusually brilliant —red as blood. Irascible old party—‘Conductor, why didn’t you wake me up as I asked you ? Here I am, miles beyond my station.’ Conductor —‘I did try, but all I could get out of you was, ‘AH right, Maria, get the children their breakfast, and I’ll be down in a minute.’ A merchant in Easthampton asked his Sabbath school class the other Sunday,‘Whut is solitude ?’ and was answered by a boy that reads the pa pers, ‘The store that don’t advertise.’ LEE’S SURRENDER. 1 Dramatic Account by an Eye-Witness of Hie Closing Scene of the War. Prom Gon. Gco. H. Sharpe’s Decoration Day Address. 1 remember—ami it was recalled to me to-nigbt in conversation, when the name of Gen. Grant came up in the course of conversation—the wonderful scene that transpired in that little odace in Virginia, on the Gth of April, ISo j. It was late iu the afternoon when it became known that Gen. Lee iad sent for Grant to surrender to him. It was between 2 and 3 o’clock when v met in the little room in the house vbtre the surrender of Lee’s army to ,k place. I know there is a belief bat the surrender took place under an tpple tree, where Grant and Lee met imi exchanged a few w>rds. The sur render took place in the left-hand ro >m of that old fashioned double ouse. The house had a large piazza, -vhich ran along the full length of it. It was one of those ordinary Virginia oases with a passage way running through the centre of it. In that lit tle room where the meeting took place iat two young men—one agreatgrand son of Chief Justice Marshall, of the Supreme Court, reducing to writing e terms of the surrender on behalf of Uubl. E ths other a man of dusky oouu'enance—a great nenhew of that celebrated chief, Red Jacket—acting under General Grant. The two were reducing to writing the terms of the surrender of the Army of Northern V.rginia to the Army of the Potomac. Gathered around the room were seve ral officers, of whom I was one. At some distance apart sat two men; one the most remarkable man of his dav and generation. The larger and older of the two was the most striking in his appearance. His hair was white as the driven snow. There was not a speck upon his coat; not a spot upon those gauntlets I hat he wore, which were as bright and fair as a lady’s glove. That was Robert E. Lee. The other was Ulysses S. Grant, whose ap pearance contrasted strangely with that of Lee; his boots were nearly cov ered with mud; ohe button of his coat—that, is, the button hole was not where it should been, it had clearly gone astray, and he wore no sword, while Lee was faultlessly and fully equipped. The conversation was not rapid by any means. Everybody felt the overpowering influence of the scene. Everyone present felt they were witnessing the proceedings be tween the two chief actors in one of the most remarkable transactions of this nineteenth century. The words that passed between Grant and Lee were few; ~ \ Gen. Grant, endeavoring to apolo gize, for not being fully equipped, and noticing the faultless appearance of Lee, while the Secretaries were busy, said: “General Lee, I have no §£'ord; I have been riding all night.” And Lee, with that coolness of manner and all the pride, almost haughtiness, which, afte? all, became him wonder fully well, never made any reply, but in a cold, formal manner bowed. And General Grant, in the endeavor to take away the awkwardness' of the scene, said: “I don’t always wear a sword, because a sword is a very inconvenient thing.” That was a remarkable thing for him to say, considering that he was iu the presence of one who was about to surrender his sword. Lee m!y bowed again. Another, trying to relieve the awkwardness of the occa sion, inquired: “General Lee, what became of the white horse you rode iu Mexico? He might not be dead yet; he was not so old.” General Lee bow* and coldly, and replied: “I left bun at the White House on the Ra ni u; key river, and I have not seen him since.' There was one momeut when there was a whiskered conversation between Grant an i Lee which nobody m the room heard. The surrender took the form of cor respondence. The letters were all -igned in due form by the chief actors, in the presence of each other. Final ly, w hen the terms of tne surrender uad been arranged, and the surrender made, Lee arose, cold and proud, and oowed to every person in the room on our side. I remember each one of us thought he had been specially bowed to. And then he went out and passed and UVD tlm little square in front of the house, and bestrode that gray horse that carried him all over Virginia, and when Lie had gone away, we iearned what that whispered conversation had been about. Gen. Grant called his officers about him and said: ‘You go to the Twenty-fourth, and you to the Fifth,’ and so on, naming the corps, ‘ n 1 ask every man who has three rations to turn over two of them. Go to the commissaries, and to the quar termasterrs,’ etc.; ‘General Lee’s army is on the point of starvation!’ And twenty-live thousand rations were car ried to the Army of Northern Vir ginia. Asbestos. —Some experiments have recently been successfully made in Italy on anew way of burning petro leum under steam boilers. The method consists simply in pouring oil over a thin layer of asbestos. The petroleum burns with great heat, w r hile the asbes tos, being incombustible, is not affec ted and thus not only serves as means of retaining the oil, but, being so good a non-conducing substance, the pre vention of fire from the volatile oil is obvious. In the experiments, sheets of paper placed beneath the furnace were not injured, despite the fierce in candescence of the oil above. A Grumbling old bachelor, after lis tening to the following: ‘She was her muzzer’s own ’ittle darlin’ wopsy popsy dearly ducksy, so she was, an’ she mus’ keep still,’ asks, ‘Why don’t women talk some decent kind of En glish to their children ?’ ‘Can there be anything brought into this house,’ asked a disgusted member during the last session of the legisla ture, ‘that will not be repealed sooner or later ?’ One of the opposition sug gested, ‘a skinned orrauge.’ ARE PRESBYTERIANS DISSENTERS | There are according to the most re cent estimates, 107,000,000 of Protest ants in the world. These are scattered over many lauds, speak may languages and yire so pflaced as to girdle, and, if they will, command the world. The greatest nations, the most pow erful and progressive, the most free and enlightened, are Protestant. Of these .107,000,000 of Protestants, 34,- 500,000 belong to the Presbyterian Church, and are grouped in more than 20,000 congiegation, served by about 20,000 clergymen. The Lutheran Church, owing to its almost complete resemblance to the Presbyterian, and which numbers 20,500,000 of Protest ants, may fairly be added to the world forces of evangelical Presbyterianism. The whole strength of the Presbyterian Church for work and warfare on the earth would then be 55,000,000 Pro- NO, 29 testants. This is the largest section of the Protestant world, a section in comparison with which any of the other denominations is small indeed. This immense Presbyterian Church has the largest number of theological colleges, by far the most extensive cur riculum of theological studies for its ministers; the greatest and the most wide-spread missions of Protestant truth in the world. She has done more for human freedom and good govern ment and the rights of conscience than any of the other religious bodies, or, perhaps, than all of them put together. The theological scholarship of her di vines is confessedly high, and she con tains iu her pulpits the most powerful preachers of the age. She occupies the first place in education. The wealth of her people may be imagined, when it is considered that in America alone £2,500,000 yearly are her in come. It appears, therefore, that the larg est Church of the Protestant world is Presbyterian. If we relied on the ar gument from numbers, it would ap pear thut our Episcopal brethren &re iu reality dissenters. Is it with pride I say this ? No, but in humility and gratitude For our high position im plies coi responding obligations under our King and Head. And how glori ous the thought that we march in line to the conquest of the world, with 55,- 000,000 of men; that our sword is the old Pauline theology, of historic re nown on the battle-fields of the world; that onr King is no earthly potentate, whether civic or ecclesiastic, but the Lord Jesus; and that our meteor flag has borne the breeze of battle for 18 centuries, and that it never gleamed and advanced more gloriously than it is doing now. There have been de feats and even disasters, but along the whole line there is progress, for the shout of a King is heard among us. W eat a power for aggression ! And there is need. Was there ever a sadder sight than the present condition of English Protestantism ? Strange it is that statesmen and even ministers are unable to learn the lessons which God is teaching them. And what is the condition of the world? Its population is now estimated at over 1,400,000,000. There is work for our Church. Let her gird herself for the task, and draw forth her enormous resources. Men are wanted, and God has them to give Money is needed, and of all its hidden treasures Jehovah is the Keep er. The prayer of faith will bi’ing out into view the men, and extract the gold, and secure the blessing.—The Presbyterian Churchman. The Troubles of a Millionaire.— Mrs. Gaines has had entered up a great many judgments pro confesso against the occupants of properties to which she had been adjudicated to have title. She has been kept busily employed before the Masters in Chan cery iu profits, which the defendants have been equally active in producing evidences of the value of their improve ments. The Masters do not appear to have mastered the business committed to them, and their reports will not be handed in before the next term of court. In the meantime the restless plaintiff relieves and diverts the tedium and dulness of this vexatious and wearying work by the persual of the innumerable letters sent her from the North solicit ing subscriptions to various churches, charitable institutions, impoverished, but always sympathizing and admiring friends; reverend widowers, poor but deserving artists, soliciting the privi lege of painting her portrait; and lit erary bummers, ambitious of serving up her remarkably eventful life in a sensational sketch. Then there are letters of tender inquiry as to the branches of the very numerous Clark family, and suggestions of consanguin ity of the affectionate subscriber, whose great grandmother was of the Clarks of Ireland, and had a very extensive connection. Aud so on, affording the jolly little lady infinite mirth, and pro voking frequent explosions of laugh ter.—New Orleans Democrat. American Iron Interests.— The year 1875 marked the lowest depression of American railroad building, and this fact explains the considerable increase m iron and steel rails rolled in this country in 1870. In fact the total net tons of rails and other rolled iron pro duced in 1876 was nearly equal to the highest point ever reached—l,92l,ooo tons, against 1,890,000 in 1875, 1,966,- 000 in 1873 and 1,485,000 in 1871. Nearly half the production of 879,000 tons of rails in 1876 was of Bessemer steel. The production of steel not Bessmer has risen pretty steadily from 15,090 tons in 1876 to 71,000 in 1876, the highest doint ever reached. These figures are much more cheering than those of the pig-iron trade, which is connected with it by the immense amount of iron rails thrown on the market. Processes have been perfect ed by which rails and many other hard wares are successful and cheaply made from these old rails, reducing the de mand for new iron of course. The iron and steel rail market is quite act ive, and one of the conti acts to be had at Pittsburg is for 30,000 tons to go to Cuba. Business in general, of course, is the dullest of the dull, but great expectations are entertained of the fall. An indiscriminate slaughter of dogs is threatening. All right, but remem ber that every dog killed leaves seve ral hundred fleas to be cared for and amused. ‘I am astonished, my dear young lady, at your sentiments; you make me start.’ ‘Well, I have been wanting you to start for the last hour.’ There is a fellow in California so ex travagant that he kindles the fire with bank notes and skates on ice cream.