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.-a- . - SSS": NiSBET A BASSE & Publisher* anl Proprietors. <».N. UOffiHTOJTJ . j,>*. {». .VJSUliT. J Kdit*r». GYn Canfefcrate atnion Js p&hlUhcd Weekly, in JSIdledgec>He, Ga. C'lrner of Hancock and Wilkinson Sts. (opposite Court House.) A( $3 a year in # Advance. KATIES OF Al>VEBTISIXG. Per square of lire!re tines. One insertion $1 00, aud lifty cent* for eacli subsequent VOLUME XXXIII,] MILLEDGEVILLE, GEORGIA, TUESDAY, MARCH 31, ISG3. [NUMBER 45. continuance. pa >.-c sent without the specification of the numberoi insertion* wiil be published till forbid and charged accordingly. l!.i :;i ■ sori’rofessioaal Cards, per year, where they do not exceed Six Likes - - - $10 00 si ! : , it contract icili be made with those, who wish to Advertise by the year, occupying a specified space LEGAL ADVERTISEMENTS. Sales of Land and Negroes, by Administrators. Ex- ecutors or Guaraiana, arereijuired by law to be held on '.he first Tuesday in the mouth; between the hours oi 1 din thetorenoOn and three in the afternoon, atthe Courthouse in the county in which the property is sit- .Votice of thesesalcs must be given in a publicga- *e:t? ID days previous to the day ofsale. Notices forthe sale of personal property must begiv- tn i i like manner ID days previous to sale day. N otice, to the debtors and creditors of an estatemust r.l o be. published 40 days. . Notice that application will be madetothe Courtof Ordinary for leave to sell Land or Negroes, must be published for two months. Citiiioni for letters of Administration Guardianship. Ac., must be published 150 days—for dismission from Ad ninistratiou, monthly six months—for dismission trom Guardianship, 40 days. Rulesftir foreclosure of Mortgage must be published monthly for four months—for establishing lost papers. for the foil spore of three months—for compelling titles from Exeeators or administrators, where bond lias been given by the deceased, the full space of three months. l’ubl!'"itions will always be continued according to tiie-e, the legal requirements, unlcssothcrwise ordered atthe following RATES: Citations, on letters of administration, fire. “ “ dismissorv from ddmi’n. “ “ “ Guardianship. !,en ve to sell Land or Negroes Notice to debtor* and creditors, pds of personal property, ten days, 1 sqr. Sale of land or negroes by Executors, &c. pr sqr. 5 00 Edrays, two weeks * 1 50 Kora man advertising his wife (in advande,) 5 00 message OF HIS EXCELLENCY, JOSEPH E. BROWN, TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY', CONVENED IN THE CAPITOL BY HIS March 25tii, J 863. who runs his distillery without a license, shall be presumed j as the law now stands, it must bo from these sections. The to be guilty of distilling grain, or other article prohibited, warm season is commencing, and the negroes from these and the burden of proof shall rest upon him, to show the parts of the State, are not aeeOstomed to the climate of contrary. j Savannah. Much sickness, and many deaths must there The law should also make the owner of the distiller}’ lia- ; fore be expected among them. Again, the crop is now be ble to the penalties, if his stills are run by an insolvent per- j ing planted, and it is a matter of great importance, that son. And it should be made the duty of the Sheriff of thff j as little labor as possible be taken from the agricultural county, to call to his aid, all the force necessary, and des- j pursuits of the State. In this state of the case, I respectfully ask, that the Gen- troy any distillery which is run in violation of law, as he would abate any other nutpanct*. It has been impossible for the Inferior Courts of some of the counties, under my instructions, to find a per son wlio will take the contract to make the quan tity of spirituous liquors or alcohol necessary for me dicinal uses, at the prices fixed by the statue. And as it is a violation of the law, for a person distilling under a license, to sell for more than the prices fixed by the statute, 1 recommend such change, as will authorize the lowest responsible bidder to be licensed, at such price, as may be agreed on between him and the Court, for the sup ply necessary for (.he county: the quantity recommended by the Court, to be subject to the approval of the Gov ernor, Before he issues the license. $‘2 75 ■150 3 on 4 00 3 00 1 50 TRANSPORTATION OF PROVISIONS. So great is the scarcitv of provisions, in the Cherokee BOOK-BINDING The Subscriber is pow pre pared to do Bock'Bind- ing", in ail its branches. Old Books rebound, &c. MUSIC bound in the best style. Blank Books a: ulactured to order.. Prompt attention will be given to all wotk entilisted to me. S. J. IvIDD. Bioilcrj in Southern Fcdrrr.Sl'iiiau Ollier. Millcdgcville, March 19th, I>561. 43 SPECIAL NOTICE. riAJ'K undersigned having removed f I ledgevillc desires and intends to e! EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, ^ Milledgeville, March 25th, 1SGS. } lo the Senate and House of llcjircscHtuticcs: I lute felt it my duty to convene you at an earlier d^y than that fixed for your meeting, when you adjourned. In the midst of a revolution of such vast magnitude us ■ that in which we are engaged, the constant change in the ! circumstances by which we are surrounded, must frequently i influence our actions, and develop sufficient reasons for a I change of our opinions, or our policy. In December last, L, , . ... . ... we passed an apt prohibiting the cultivation- of more than * lfc 1S ! m P osslb,eto subs,sfcthe idlers familie three acres of cotton to the hand this year, which virtually a “ d c P °° r “ 1UC “ lori 3 er ’ wlthout the transportation of legalizes and invites its production to that extent. Iam !from boutli Western Georgia. The rolling stock upon now fully satisfied, if the quantity of land mentioned in I • &outh Western ’ ond the Macou and Western Railroads, that act, is planted in Georgia and each of Hie other cot- IS 110t suffic,ent ttt carr - v forward flie corn ’ a,,d to do tbe turn States, the result will be, our subjugation by hunger, I re Jf U rm 7 tbe Confederate Government Surroun- and the utter ruin of the Confedpr.-u-v- iL,„ n I dt>d b y these difficulties, I have thought it best, to direct put one of his Georgia, for to those who of an acre to the hand. The enemy hm overrun an if now j ,ni ]? t ot !!f wlse suMer - 1 sha11 be obll S ed to continue this holds a large part of the most productive lands in the Coh- P ° ,C f tl " tlie enier p" c y 18 Pf ^ tboi 3 gh 1 ma - V ” ot V® federacy. As our limits are circumscribed and contracted, carr ? over tbe bta T te Eo ‘? d ’ al [ Go r ve i' n, 1 n ? nt Ee, § ht many of the loyal people of the sections in the possession ! I ? P^opUy as I could wish I feel it to be my of the enemy retire to the interior, and the number of per- I h, S Le . s , t dut y> to 80 usc the property of the State, as to pro sons to be supported from the products of the lands in j vent if possible, suffering, on the part of the poor, or the is greatly increased, while the area of pro- j families ' of soldiers ’ for want of bread - t I * SALARIES. ui an act repealing eral Assembly, by joint resolution, or otherwise, give di rections, at as early a day as possible, as to the best mode of furnishing tlie labor to complete .the fortifications. It will also be proper that some just mode of ascertaining the value, and compensating the. owners for the negroes who have died in the service, arid the still larger number who may'die during the summer season, be prescribed by law. MILITARY LAW. Section J040 of the Code provides, that all elections for militia officers, of and above the rank of Captain, shall be ordered by the Commander-in-Chief. This will cause a great accumulation of labor in the Ex ecutive Department, with much unnecessary delay and ex pense. I therefore recommend that the old rule be re-es tablished, and that all vacancies below the grade of Gen eral, be filled by election ordered by the officer next highest in command, except in case of lieutenants, whose elections should be ordered by the Captain, as prescribeil by Act of lltli February, 1850. I also recommend tlie repeal of sections 980, 9S7, 9SS, 989, 990, 992 and 99-3, of the Code, which provide forthe payment ot a commutation tax in lieu of military service, as wholly inapplicable tq‘ the present condition of the country. The Comptroller General, by my direction, lias left tlie columns relating to this commutation tax, out of the Receivers’ Digest, till you shall have considered {he question. A S>cnbi§-cod ridum's Power] XX iu perfect orikr. We have used il J recommend it. I5<d ‘>><40. HOUGHTON, NISBET & BARN] Milledgeville, March 10th. 1KC3. 42 I eraey, and to advocate a reconstruction for the purpose of j securing an early peace, aud of stopping further expendi* ’ ture, that they may save what is already owing to them. The rivers of blood which have been drawn from the veins of our fathers, brothers, husbands, sons and other rel-V atives by tlie hands of our cruel enemies, form an impassa-.: : ble Clllt between 11s il nil nnr wir>k<><l invniiPrs. Haw can our possession ductive lauds from wlreh tlie support must come, fs almost ‘ daily diminished. Most of the white laborers of the coun- ! try. are now in the army, and new levies arc constantly be- SALARIES I earnestly recommend tl ing made from those who ;i or zbtn isovemlieri lSGl, entitled “An Act to fix from Mil- close up his asineis matters of that place speedily as possi- h'.e. AH persons indebted are notified that the n.■*. cs and accounts are in the hands of J. A. Bttcr.nLOVE, and P. H. LAW LEU, who are authori- to collect and make settlements If not ar- rjii^cd at an early day, settlements will be enforced bv law. 13 tf. A. <3. VAIL, Agent. it ary service, our field men and children are still remain. Ax these enter the mil- tlie salaries and compensation of certain officers mentioned • lelt uncultivated, while the wo- j therein, and /brother purposesand that reasonable sala- 11 out nfuixt, ami roust be sup- I j-fes. be allowed, ported. Hie result is, that the country and the army are jt nefw takes the whole salary of a Judge.of the Superior mainly dependent upon slave labor lor a support. At the 1 Courts for twelve months to purchase fifteen barrels ot flour, present prices of all the necessaries of life, it is impossible or fifteen hundred pounds of bacon in tbe markets of this for the women and children to support themselves. In my State. The per diem pay of a Judge while on his circuit opinion, it will take every acre of laud, and every days’ (] ots no t nearly defray his necessary traveling expenses. Is productive laboAyliicli we can command this year, to make this fight l Can anv intelligent legislator claim that it is Atlantic (Stale Railroad. mmm Atlanta to Chattanocgn, 138 Miles, Fare §0 00 JOHN S. ROWLAND, Sl’i’T. Arrivf Leavt' Arriv< At 2a.ni Plidvrn^er TraiEi. r.ta at attanooga at .’ttanooga .at Arcon:i»oda!iou E*n**c«£<■!• Leave Atlanta Arrive at Kingston Leave Kingston — - Arrive at Atlanta Tins Road connects each way with tbe Rome Branch Railroad at Kingston, the East Tennessee A Georgia Railroad at Daltou, and the Nashville A Chattanooga Railroad at Chattanooga. July 29, 1862. i 7 - — j 1 —— tuis |iguii : V/a Li a 11 v iiuv'iii^un tiaiiu iimi 10 10 our necessary support; and lie who employs any portion of compatible with either the justice or the dignity of a great his lands and labor, !n the production of <*otton, tobacco, or j State '? STATE ENDORSEMENT OF CONFEDERATE DEBT. 7 30 P. M. 4 57 A. M 4 eo A. M. . r. 15 1’. M. Train. „ 2 40 r. M. . 0 57 P. M. . 4 30 A. M. . 8 45 A M. 1.0 tf. New Arrangement. Itanr.r of Schedule, on and after Monday lltli inst c.s. ersare eonvey- | Mail from Mil . il:.- via Sparta, Culver-- nl Powelton to Donblei id would respectfully the intention ot ends an l tho travelling public, to their new rnplete arrangement for travelling facilities any other products that will not sustain life, to that extent, The Constitution of Georgia, which we are bound by sol- endaugers the success of our cause. 1 he present prices ot emn obligation to support, says, “ The Judges shall have cotton make the temptation to plant it very strong, and salaries adequate to their services fixed by law.” Are the the planter will quiet his conscience by the reflection, that present salaries of the Judges, or other officers of the State, I transmit herewith copies of resolutions, passed by the the legislature lias authorized him to plant three acres to the adequate to their services ?° The question, to my mind, is legislatures of of the States of Alabama, South Carolina, hand, aud will plant his best laud, place.all his manure up- too plain for argument. I trust it is onlv necessary again Mississippi and Florida, proposing, upon different plans, on it, and make it the object of his special care and atteu- to bring it to vour attention, to secure prompt action, the indorsement of the debt of the Confederacy by the tion. There is now cotton enough in the Confederacy, to c ^ « States. No one can doubt the patriotic motives which clothe our people for several years, and there is no reason ^ ini, nem code. . have prompted this action of our sister States. But as why we should plant more than is actually necessary to keep ^ bs Code of this State haying gone into operation on the this is a question of great magnitude, involving important seed. It may be said, that , tlie planter can make more first day of J.muary last, it is a matter of great importance principles, and as our action in the premises, must be fol- money out oi cotton .than-grain and vegetables. This is that the public officers be supplied with copies of it, that lowed by consequences seriously affecting the credit of the very questionable. But if we admit that he can make 1 they and the people may have an opportunity ol learning State, present and prospective, it is our duty to examine it double as much, this is no reason why he should be permit- the law is. It is not in my power to supply copies f or ourselves, and not to lie controlled by the decision and ted to do it, if by so doing, he. hazards the-very existence t° even a considerable proportion cf those who are entitled ac tiou of others. of the States. What will his money, or his cotton, or his 1 *° them, on account of tee neglect oi Mr. John II. Seals, t | )(; p r0 p 0se( ^ endorsement will have the effect of ar slaves, or his lands, be worth to him, if we are subjugated, i * be priuter, to comply with Ins contract. Since the con- raying the capital of the country against the Confederacy, and the civil and religious liberties, of himself and his po8- 1 tract was entered into by him, he has lepiesented to the an( j j n f avor 0 f a reconstruction of the old Union, however terity are destroyed i * * \ General Assembly his inability to comply with his obligar laudable the motive, the act would he most unfortunate. As the war is nowprosecuted by the Lincoln government, .ti° n without additional compensation, and five thousand Again, if the effect wiR be to level the credit of all tbe for tlie avowed purpose of abolishing slavery, no class of j dollars of extra pay has been allowed him. Jfe has been St a t; es to an equality, without regard to the manner in -our people has so much at stake, as our slaveholders, who paid the full amount agreed upon by the original contract which they have managed their financial affairs, or the are generally our chief planters. They are dependent up- j fp 1 ’ t be whole job, and one-halt of the extra amount appro- amount of debt now owed by each, it would be gross in- 011 our white laborers in the field ol‘ battle*for the proteo- ; printed. After this had been done, he still failed to comply justice to those States \¥hieh ha ve conducted their affairs tion of their property ; and i 11 turn, this army of white la- | with the. contract, alleging that he could not get g0 we ll as to incur but little debt, and have maintained borers and their families, are dependent upon the slave ow- leather-to make the binding, lo relieve^11111 lrom^this dif- their credit at the highest point C'lKDULE— LeaveMilleiRri ville after the arriva •rains from Columbus. Macon and Savannah: Ar- •in Sparta at tio’eloek V. M. and at Double Wells 1- evening. . -five Double Wells a'ter the arrival of morning is from Augusta. Atlanta and Athens; Arrive at 1 to tl o’clock, A. M.; Arrive at Millcdgcville same • RIGHTS OF THE CHURCHES. I recommend the repeal of section 1376 of the Gy 1 "- which prohibits “any church, societv. ■ 1 „„„ ‘ „„ . ■ v - outer authority, to any any persons, to "rant hr.er.o- . ■>’ .. J o s - 01 color, to preach or exhort, or other- I -..iciate in church matters.” I entertain no doubt, that negroes tire sometimes very useful among their own people as preachers or exhorters. This is a question of which the church of the living God, and not the legislature of a State, is the’proper judge. The loyal support which the churches of ail religious denominations have given to the Confederate and State Governments, and the aid which they have afforded tlie government, in the maintenance of our slavery institutions, have demonstrated, that they un derstand this question, and may safely be trusted. The legislature under pretence ol police regulation or other wise, therefore, lias no right to infringe upon religious liberty, or usurp the power which belongs to the churches. Render to Cmsar the things that are Ctesav’s, and to God the things that are God’s, is an injunction which the State has no right to disregard. ficultv, at your session in November and December last, you ners for a support, while thus engaged. The obligation is, . mutual and reciprocal, aud neither party has the right to authorized the Governor to receive the books bound 111 an disregard it. I inferior style. Since this action 011 your part, lie has not The conduct of our planters last year was most patriotic ! delivered a single copy, and no assurance is given when tlie and praiseworthy, and has saved our cause for the present, j books will be delivered. I have reasons to believe that Mr. With good Hacks, fine Slock and careful drivers, ; solicit a liberal patronage. MOORE & FORRS. Ningc Oili ccn—Hilledgerillr Hotel Milled "etVIe,G a Edwards' House. t>porto. Moore's Hotel, Double Wells. Julvll, 1859. 8 tf - TOXIitf ®, SOWPOIW, ATTORNEY AT LAW, v, vv oxTos.ex. u a ton ton, Ga., Feb. 14,1£G0. 50 Saw Cotton Gin for Sale. but the temptations held out to the avaricious, are much Seals has sold a considerable number of copies to individu- ; a dopted. - ton in tlie j als or. to tlie trade.. I call your attention to this subject, j lh us Furthermore, if the indorsement of the Confederate debt, by the States, can only be productive of temporary appreciation of Confederate credit, without permanent ben efit, and must be followed by serious injury to the credit of the States, the policy is unwise, and should not be greater this vear, owing to the high prices of cotton market; and I consider legislation absolutely necessary, to and recqinmend such actiou on your part as may be neces 38 tf. ONE of WATSON'S best 50 Saw Cotton Gins. : offtredfor sale. This Gin is new, and is equal i any i„ uge . Sold for rro fault, the present ow- -r.- having no use for it. Any planter wanting a •'0.11:In, An have, a chance to get one at a re- 77 .,] on the regular price. Apply at this office. 1 ot V Tift, or .1. H. Watson, at Albany 11 0 E S. 50 DOZ IIOES Just received and for sale by WEIGHT & BROWN. >d, isf,3. 37 tf. A v\ S ! A DUN 1» T HE ersigned request ail persons indebted to their, to call and settle. HERTY& HALL. Milledgeville, Jan.10th. 1802. 34 tf sam’l d. irvis. GREENLKE BUTLEK il i IRYIN & BUTLER, ORNEYS AT LAW, ALBASY, Georgia. pi!A< 1 ICE in the Superior Courts of the boutl 1 Western Circuit,—in Terrell, Randolph, and Ear- the I’ataula Circuit,—in Worth and Ms- Counties, in the Macon Circuit, in the United l! '-8 Circuit Court at Savannah,—and by specia’ i‘'ract,in anv County in Southern Georgia. lauuary 1st 5 1860. 3-1 tf. ETHERIDGE 80 SON, [’aclors, {'oRimission and Forwarding X23RCIIANTS, SAVANNAH, GA. w » ETHERIDGE. W. D. ETHERIDGE, Jr J oly 13th. 1856. 8 tf Messrs. A. H. & L. I!. KENAN, Associated in the Practice of Law Office 1st Door upon 2dJloor of T MASONIC HALL. J’-n.'iM.vKr. restrain those who would hazard all for gain. As it is now time to commence planting, I invoke your early attention to this question, in my opinion, second in importance to no other that is likely to come under your consideration. Atthe present time, money will not buy bread, in a large section of our own State, at any reasonable price. This is caused, partly by the severe drought of last summer, but is proba bly, owing in a greater degree, to the fact, that the lands in that section of the State,.are cultivated almost entirely by white labor, and most of that labor being now in the army, j the lands lie idle, and tlie women and children are destitute.! of bread. But for the large surplus, in the cotton region, j scones of suffering must ensue, which would beappalingto | ltd which must demoralize, if not disband us consider whether those would not be the legiti mate effects of tlie proposed endorsement, sary to compel performance on his part, or to take tlie ; present, almost every capitalist in the country, is printed sheets out ot his bands, and have them bound by | ^|, e cre dit 0 r of the Confederate Government, and is direct- others, at his expense SMALL pox. The physicians’ bills sent to this Department by the In- •outemplate, that part ol the army, where the husbands and fathersbf i meiJ t 0 f these claims. The act only t 1 as a bulwark, between us and tile enemy.! the p ayme nt by tlie State of the expenses incurred at hosr- j hope of payment rests upon the success, aim perunuieut 3 of the cottomsections of the State, where I pgta j s established by the Inferior Courts of the different I establishment, of the Confederacy, and it becomes necessa ry to invest another billion to establish the Government ferior Courts of many of the counties, for attention to per sons afflicted with small pox, have, in my opinion, been so exorbitant that i have refused to pay them. There are several instances of physicians who have made out bills against the State for one or two months’ attention to small pox cases, amounting to larger suyis than they would, I sup pose, be able to make by one or two years’ practice. I re spectfully ask that tlie law be so amended as to establish ■ some ly interested in rriaintaining its existence, and sustaining its credit. I speak Hot of individuals, but capital is general ly selfish, and controlled more by interest than patriotism. When we have ascertained what will be the interest of capitalists we may generally Imve but little difficulty in determining what will be their action; Suppose the whole debt of the Confederacy to have reached one billion of dollars, as it probably will have done by the time the States-have all acted upon this pro position. It is not probable that capitalists, as a matter of choice would prefer to credit our government with a Yjust rule by which I am to be governed in the pay- b U?er debt than this hanging over it. But having already t of these claims. The act only makes provision for j invested this enormous sum, it they feel that their only Let not the people ot the cottomseetions 01 tlie state, wnere p gta ; s 'established by there is labor to cultivate all the lands, risk the chances ot coun Ees. Many of the Courts have established no hospi- similar, or worse distress another year, lest consequencest a ]s, a nd have had the cases treated at the houses of the ensue, whicl* may cost them, not only their cotton crops, but' | in different parts of the county. It is desirable all that they have, and ail that they expect to have in tuture. j ^ a j. ^j 1( , w jjj 0 f Legislature be more clearly expressed We can never be conquered by the arms of the enemy. We - - —- - - may be by hunger, if we negiect to husband all the resour ces for tlie supply of provisions, which a kind Providence lias placed within our reach. Attempt to conceal it as we may, the fact undeniable, that the great question in this revolution is now a question of bread. The army must be fed and their families at home supported, or the sun of l(b- ertv will soon set iu darkness and blood, and the voice of freedom will be forever bushed in the silence of despotism. S3 tf. Plantation for Sale. T UFf-’ER for sale a well improved Plantation within three miles of Milledgeville, contain- f <nrteen hundred acres of land. ,, , WILLIAM A. JARRATT. 4. 184* 3W mtt. THE LAW AGAINST DISTILLERIES. Experience has shown that the law against the distillation of .rraiu into ardent spirits, needs amendment. From in formation received from different parts of the State, I am x-ni-fied that a large portion ot the potatoe crop, most of Scried fruit, and aconsiderable quantify of the molasses in the State, have been, and are being distilled. Under pretence of distilling these articles U is also said that quantities of corn arc being used by distillers, who keep their doors closed, and refuse to admit*.visitors who might testify against them. In other sections it is said, they are running'their stills, in open violation of the law, and no one i“ the nerve to withstand and prosecute them. To arrest these evl£, I recommend {bat the law be so changed, as to make it highly penal during the war, for any one, in addi- - 8 y prohibition, to distil potatoes, dried fruit, And tlPat everyperam who keep, his distillery Aud, that tL. in reference to cases ot this character. While I -do not think that stronger reasons exist why the State should pay the physicians’ bills and other expenses incurred by atten tion to persons who have small pox, and are treated at home, when they are themselves able to pay, than in cases of other eoutageous diseases of a malignant character, it may he proper that such payments be made by the State, whey the persons.afflicted are unable to pay, aud might otherwise be lieglected’on account of their poverty. IMPRESSMENT OF NEGROES. remembered, that Brigadier General Mercer It will be made a requisition upon the State, while you were last iu session, for twenty-five hundred negroes, for sixty days, to work on the fortifications nround Savannah, and that the Governor was authorized, by-the action ot the General As sembly, to fill the requisition. A call was afterwards made by authority of General Beauregard, for three hundred ne groes to work on the obstructions of the Altamaha River, which requisition was also filled. Many of the negroes sdht to Savaunah, have not yet been discharged, because, in the ooinion of the military authpr- ities there, tlie emergency was such as to make it a milita ry necessity to retain them. New and additional fortifica tions have been projected, and no one seems to know when they will be completed. It is now required, that the ne groes remain ninety days longer; or, if they are discharged, that their places be supplied immediately by a new levy. The upper and western portions of the State, have not yet furnished their quota. If a new impressment is made, and avoid the loss of the sum already invested, interest will prompt them to stand by the government, sustain its credit, and make further advance if they have the means. But suppose at this period, all the States indorse the whole debt, or each indorses its proportion of it, what effect will this have upon the mind of the capitalist? If prior to the act, he looked only to the Confederacy for payment, and having now obtained the legal, as well as moral obligation of the individual States to pay, he is satisfied that this se cures the debt, his interest in the permanent success of the Confederacy ceases, and lie looks in future to the States for payment. If after this,-tlie old Union should be recon structed, and the States of our Confederacy should return, and become members of it, the capitalist is not'left to look to a Confederacy no longer in existence, for payment, nor to rely on the moral obligation of the States, to assume and pay the debt, but he rests upon the solemn legal in dorsement of the individual States, which would be as binding upon them, in one Confederacy as in another.— The capitalists having thus obtained ilte solemn indorse ment of the States, for a sum as large as they could reason ably be expected to pay, would naturally desire to prevent an increased liability, on the part of their debtors, tlie States, which wonld weaken their ability to pay, and might in future, cause the people to throw off the whole burden, omaccount of its accumulated weight. Knowing, in other words, that it is possible to increase debt to an amount so ble gulf between us and our wicked invaders. How can we again shake hands with them over the slain bodies of- our loved ones, and again embrace them in fraternal rela- ■ tions? Were Georgians to do this, the blood of their brethren, who have fallen martyrs to ^ur glorious cause would cry to them from the ground, and rebuke the das-- ] tardlydeed. Sooner than reunite with those now seekirigStii to enslave us, and under the name of Union with them, become, with our posterity, hewers of wood and drawers „ of water for them, let us submit, with more than Romanigf firmness, to the devastation of onr fields, and, if need be, Y the extermination of our race. But let us do no act has- , t-ily, which, however patriotic the motive, may tend,to ar ray a powerful class in our midst against the Confederate : Government. While Georgia with the dignity ot a great State, should firmly maintain her reserved rights, and if need.be, restrain the Confederate Government within tbe limits assigned it by the constitutional compact to which she is a party, she should stand by it, confined within its constitutional limits, with an unyielding determination to sustain it at every hazard, as well against injuries inflicted by the injudicious action of imprudent friends, as against the thrusts of domestic enemies, or the herculean assaults of foreign foes. The future happiness of her posterity is , firmly linked with the Confederacy. Thousands of her sons have nobly immolated their lives upon its altars, and the tens of thousands who survive should see to it that no rude hand is uplifted against it, that no false policy'under mines its foundations, and that no usurpers destroy the beautiful symmetry of its magnificent structure. We should not only sustain tL« Oouffideracy at all hazards, but wc should fl 1 *—- the administration. NY e may di(B.- A^di it on constitutional questions, or questions of. policy. Such is the nature of the human mind, and such the variety of human intellect, that no two honest men were ever fully agreed in every sentiment. As long as freedom of thought and freedom of speech exist, vve should have the independence to express our dissent from what we consider the errors of our rulers, and they should have the magnanimity to tolerate the difference. But while we contend earnestly lor what we consider sound principles we should do no act which can seriously embarrass the ad ministration in the-prosecution of the war. In my judg ment the proposed indorsement would, in. the end, array a class of capitalists against the Government which would amount to serious embarrassment. Again, it cannot be denied, that some of the States have managed their financial affairs better than others. Some have submitted to the necessary burdens of taxation, and met their liabilities as they were incurred, while others have added much of them to their debts. Hence, the debts of some are much larger, m proportion to their resources, than the debts of others. The consequence is, that the credit of the State that has the greatest ri sources and the least debt is worth most in the market. But, suppose all tlie States indorse the immense debt ot the Confederacy, what is the result ? As each State has its own individual indebtedness, and would then have assumed a legal liability lor the debt of the Confederacy, the credit ot each State is at once placed below the credit of the Confederacy; and as each would then be liable for as much as it could reasonably be expected ever to pay, tlie credit of the respective States would be placed, not only at a low point, but very nearly upon a level with each other. This would be injustice to those States which have maintained their credit at the highest point. Take for instance our own State. It may be truly remarked without disparagement to other States, that the. debt of Georgia is less in proportion to her resources, than that of any other State in the Confederacy, or indeed any other upon the continent. The consequence is that her credit is worth a higher premium in the market than the-credit of any other State in the Confederacy.— Her people are therefore entitled to the benefits of her economy, her wise management, and her far seeing states manship. If she and the other States now indorse the Confederate debt, her credit is at once placed upon a level with Confederate credit, if not below it, aud very nearly or quite upon a level with that of all tlie other States. The result is, that the people of the other States, reap the benefits of her better credit, to which the people of .Georgia are alone entitled. This would be injustice to the people of Geor gia, and to her creditors who have invested in her securi ties and are entitled to the benefits of ber superior credit in the market. If it is said, her people should make sac rifices for the common cause; I reply, that no Staterhas responded more promptly to every call made by Confede rate authority for men, money or other assistance, and that she is ever ready to comply with every constitutional obli gation. Having shown, I trust, to your satisfaction, that the pro posed indorsement would place the interest of the capital ists of the country, in the scale, against hazarding further appropriations for the establLuHicnt of the Confederacy ; that it fVould be productive of injury to the credit of the, individual States, and of injustice as between the States tHemselves; I now proceed to inquire, whether, If we waive these objections, it could be productive of the per manent benefits t© Confederate credit claimed by its ad vocates. Before proceeding, however, it is proper that I remark, that the advocates of indorsement are not agreed among themselves, and that two plans are proposed. One propo sition contemplates a general indorsement of the whole debt of the Confederacy, by the several States ; each to be liable in proportion to" its representative weight in Con- gress. Tbe other, which may, I believe, properly be designated the South Carolina proposition, proposes the indorsement of $500,000,000 of the bonds hereafter to be issued by the Confederacy ; each State indorsing its proportion of the bonds, on the basis of its relative representative weight in Congress. The latter proposition, is to my mind the less objectionable of the two ; as it does not hold out the temp tation above mentioned to capitalists, to whom the present debt is owing, to favor the reconstruction of the old Union, to prevent an.increase of debt to maintain the further ex istence of the Confederacy. The advantages claimed for both propositions are I be lieve, substantiall}( the same. The chief of which is, that the proposed indorsement would reassure the confidence of capital, in Confederate credit, and cause its investment in the bonds of the Confederacy, in amounts sufficient to fund all treasury notes issued in redundancy of healthy circula tion ; and thus reduce the circulation to an amount only necessary to meet the legitimate commercial demand for currency. This looks well on.paper ; and might work well in prac tice, if there were enough surplus capital in the Confedera te convert hundred dollar bills into interest bearing cy, ... bonds, and lay them away as investment, as fast as all the . . paper mills in the country can make the paper, and all the onerous, as to drive -a people to repudiation, they might £ ngrave r8 can print upon it the likeness of emulating me- preferto take their chances ot payment of one billion of; dium> and an arm y of Government clerks can si^n these dollars of State debt, in the old Confederacy, rather than of promi8C8 to pay> But here i ies t i ie difficulty. YVhatever two billions in the new. Hence it would be their interest {navbe the con *fidence of capitalists in these securities, the to oppose the appropriation of the second billion of dollars, f - to prosecute the war for the establishment of the Confed-| . [concluded on fourth pale-J