Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

MnwMmi ahmiBBtaiaB The Greorgia. OQ, ‘a. and. Telegraph and Messonger.| = MACON, FEBRUARY 1 - r >. -870. ’G Dr. Blacislicart CarU. We print, eLsowhero, a communication from »r. Blackahear, of this city, Inspector of Fer- Mlizers for Bibb county. We beg to say to the Dr. that as our article •Bed no names, wo are at a loss to see why he kas regarded it as reflecting upon him. We Stated, explicitly, that there were exceptions to ibe general incompetency of these officials, and •why he did not range himself with the excepted glare, wo cannot imagine. In regard to any dereliction of duty on his pert, wo are unable to speak, personally. We feel assured, however, that there has been none or we should have heard of it. We had no man especially in our mind when the article was written, and therefore cannot specify any by name, now, who has demon strated his unfitness for the position. We are ield, though, by those who ought to know, that hnndreds of tons of spurious, worthless com pounds, have passed muster and been branded, ^at fact proves our case. If the Inspectors knew their business, this would not happen. A story comes from Bangor, of the death, in the Maine wilderness, of four, out of five per sons, with their two horses, who were on a banting and fishing excursion. The sole sur- wiror, who is a Frenchman, says that tho party for tho first fortnight had good look and rare sport; then one of them was taken with dip- ttieria, and being fifty miles from any medical resistance, died within a few hours. Within three days three more perished of the samo disease, and the remaining one was seized with it He lay in a stupor so long that when he re covered tho horses had died of famine, and the wolves had partly devoured the corpses of his companions, which had been buried in the snow ectside the camp for preservation. After un told suffering he reached an Indian camp, and later came to th^ abodes of white people. How They Voted.—Upon the question of the confirmation of Attorney General Hoar as Judge off the Supreme’Conrt, the vote stood, yeas 24 cednajs 33. All the New England Senators present voted in the affirmative, except Ed- aannds of Vermont. All the Southern (?) Sena tors, except Warner of Alabama and Gilbert of Slorida, voted in the negative. Williams of Oregon, was the only Senator from the Pacific Coast who voted “Yea." Both New York Sena tors voted “Nay,” as did all the Democrats. Mr. Morton was not present, but would have voted “Yea.” Sherman was also absent. It is Aefinitoly known that Mr. Hoar’s present in tention is to remain in the Cabinet. Who Sell Cadetships.—The Conrier-Jour- cal’s Washington special, of the 3th, says Con gressional inquiry reveals the fact that in the Fortieth Congress some six members from the Southern States sold to New Yorkers the ap pointment of cadetships to West Point, for from fire hundred to two thousand dollars apiece. The- requirement of the law was evaded by •reading the candidate to reside immediately preceding the nomination to the member's dis trict appointing him. The engineer’s bnreau retold then notify him by mail to appear for ex amination, and by receiving a reply to the samo Ik* officer would be completely deceived as to cadet’s actual residence. A'Little Information.—Referring to the 9Gfl words spoken for Gen. Terry by the S3- reanah Republican, Chronicle & Sentinel, and jfirhnp-i other papers, the Columbus Son says: A distinguished Major General of the United Skates army, stated to the writer of this, that Baknew all of the officers sent on reconstruc- «»■» duty to tho South, that they were specially selected and detailed to this duty on account of ■yK»?r antecedents and political proclivities, that Ifesy ware the enemies politically and personally off the Southern people, and were not entitled Co respect or confidence. Sailors’ Home in Savannah.—Wo have re- oreved-a- circular from a committee of tho Sa vannah Port Society, addressed to the people of akvannab, soliciting contributions for the estab- Sahment of a Sailors’ Homo in that city. They state that a charitable lady of that city be queathed $4000 for tho benefit of seamen visit ing that port, which sum by judicious invest ment has become $5000, and will be available often a similar amount shall be raised. The wmmitteo consist of Henry Wayne, J. D. Hop kins, and J. G. Habersham. “Sweets to the Sweet.”—Mrs. Revdls, the wife of the negro who represents tho Mississippi Medicals in tho Senate, was in tho Senate gal- Irey on Wednesday. Messrs. Sumner and TSfton spying her there, made haste to rush up Ike stairs and beg an introduction, which was gjtren by George Downing, the negro caterer of Che House of Representatives. Revels had Better keep a sharp eye on Tifton. Sumner givo any amount of certificates as to his moral character and—heavenliness. A Stern Joke.—Governor Geary, at an even ing reception recently held at the Executive Mansion at Harrisburg, excused himself from facing on the plea that: “I have not danced ■ince the war—my legs arc too full of bullet HUts!” Whereupon the Easton (Pa.) Argus reiggests that if tho valiant Governor really re moved any wounds in battle, they would be less likely to interfere with saltation than with sit ing down. Wx are not sure it was unintentional, but really cannot help commenting upon tho fact that onr friend of the Savannah Republican published, on Sunday, a “beautiful and divinely sweet poem from the pen of one of Georgia’s loveliest and mo3t gifted daughters," and omit ted to credit it to the paper for which it was written, and where it first appeared—tho Tele graph and Messenger. An Assassin Killed.—Tho Mariana (Fla.) Courier, of the 27th January, says: Calvin Sogers, the midnight assassin, who mnrdered Hiss Maggie McClellan on the night of the first eff October last, in this place, was arrested at the residence of Andrew Watson, (colored,) last sight, and in attempting to break arrest was killed by tho constable and posse. The movement of young Swain, son of the founder of the Philadelphia Ledger, to start a sew cheap daily paper in that city, is likely to prove a notable one in the history of jonrnal- jam. He is worth two or three million dollars, retd has set apart half a million to put his en terprise on a permanent footing. The Tammany bill for tho local government of the city of New York was introduced in the Assembly on Wednesday. Under it, heads of departments are to be appointed by the Mayor end confirmed by the aldermen. Prince Pierre Bonaparte is thought to be “not sight in his nead.” Prom what happened to Victor Noir, we should judge that he was “quite right” in his hand, though. “Mack” says Yates came into the Senate the other day, “looking for all the world as if he had been fighting tom cats all night, and had got the worst of it.” Vermont is to submit the question of woman reffrage to the people next May. The Atlanta Slander-Mill AND A Radical-Democratic Stool-Pigeon. The slander-mill in Atlanta perpetrated one of its highest flights in strategy on Saturday last by making the Associated Press the vehicle of the following piece of misrepresentation: Atlanta, February 5.—The oldest and most influ ential Democratic journal in the State of Georgia, and alwava opposing tho reconstruction policy of Congress, comes out to-day in a bitter protest against the Belf-constituted delegation to Washington, headed by Bryant, without any authority fiom the people, who seek to stir up strife and keep Georgia ont of tho Union, to havo reconstruction done over and entail on the people the enormous expense of going through what she has gone through for the third time, in the earnest efforts of the people to comply with tho demands of Congress; that every interest of tho State demands that recon struction be considered by Congress as perfected in Georgia; that men of property, tax payers, labor, enterprise, and every other interest of the State de mand that a stop bo put to the schemes of the so- called Bryant Democracy; that tho great mass of tho peoplo of tho State receive the recent acts as a final settlement of tho reconstruction issue, and tho great body of Democrats in the State do not sustain tho movement of Bryant and committeo to over throw what has been done. The article alluded to is tho following, from the Atlanta Intelligencer of the 5th: Movement of the Bryant Democracy.—Ru mors are afloat that tho so-called Bryant De mocracy are raising committees to go to Wash ington in order to stir np a rumpus there, and keep Georgia “out in the cold” for yet an in definite period of time. The man, himself ever mischievously inclined; broken down in his personal and political aspirations; one of the most subtle and vindictive of Georgia’s enemies —wo mean no other than Bryant—seeks now again to stir np tho reconstruction strife, and, leading as wo are advised, a few indiscreet De mocrats, is for posting to Washington with self- constitnted committees, or committees appoint ed by himself, deriving no authority from tho people, for tho purpose of having the recon struction work done 'over again, one result of which will certainly bo the imposing upon tho State of new and probably more stringent con ditions by Congress, and another entailing upon the State tho heavy expense of going through what she has for tho third time gone through, in the earnest efforts of her people to comply with the demands of Congress, in order that her rights as a State may be restored unto her. Wo trust that this movement will receive no encour agement at Washington, in any quarter. Every interest of onr State demands that reconstruc tion be now considered by Congress as perfected in Georgia. Not only do the men of property in onr State— the tax-payers, who havo to bear tho brunt of all the expense that has accrued already in the progress of reconstruction, but the labor and the enterprise and every other interest of tho State demand that a stop be put to all the nonsense and schemes of this so-called Bryant Democracy party. While, as our readers well know, we did not and do not approve of the re construction policy put npon Georgia by Con gress, wo wish and we know tho people wish to bo done with it, even as it has been done by the Legislature. Congress surely cannot complain at what has been done, and ought to be content with it, especially when it has every assurance that the great mass of the people of the State re ceive it, and are content, for the sake of peace, and the great material interests of the State, to receive it as a settlement of the great reconstruc tion issue, and that the great body of the Dem ocratic party of the State do not and will not sustain any movement of the Bryanites at Wash ington, calculated to overthrow what has been done. The fraud of this dispatch lies in represent ing these as opinions of the Democracy of Georgia, while, in fact, they are held only by the faction of destructionists who are seeking their own venal ends in the public disorder and injury. Before the Reconstruction Committee of Con gress, last December, the Hon. Nelson Tift, as we are sorry to believe, truly characterized the position and functions of the Atlanta Intelli gencer. He said, substantially, that it was the hired instrument of Governor Bullock and the destructives, and worked to promote their ne farious objects, under the guise of an nltra- Democratic print. The course of that paper for the last few months goes far to sustain this allegation. Last summer it backed the Tele graph in its strenuous efforts to compose the differences with Congress by reseating the col ored members. But, all of a sudden, new light came npon it, and it began vehemently to de nounce the reseating of tho negroes by the Legislature, as a base, unconstitutional andanti- Demoeratic surrender. It exhausted its eloquence in appeals to the Democracy to make no compromise with Con gress bnt to go down with colors flying. Its maledictions of everything like compromise were then duly telegraphed North in aid of the efforts of the destructives, and to complete the farce, Bullock produces this sheet before the Re construction Committee as conclusive evidence of the temper and disposition of the Georgia Democracy. It was then and there that Tift im peached the witness for Bullock, by declaring that it was under pay of Bullock, to enact this especial performance. What next ? The moment Congress passes the act to promote reconstruction, the Intelligencer becomes as mnch alarmed for the personal, as it had been for the collective, honor of the Leg islature. It outstrips Attorney General Farrow in getting np an opinion npon tho height and breadth and length and depth of the Legislative exclusions. It parades tho condemned ante bellum offices seriatim—lines them ont—and warns, exhorts, begs and entreats Democrats to make no venture. Bullock .and Farrow stand within the sacred enclosure with club In hand warning Democratic members not to enter. The Intelligencer stands without the gate beggiDg them to “Beware of the Dogs.” For Heaven’s sake keep away—there’s great danger. Bollock, Farrow and the Intclligenccr'see eye to eye. With an astuteness in behalf of Radicalism as incomprehensible as it is fatal and destructive, the Atlanta Intelligencer takes issue with Chief Jastice Brown and every moderate and candid Georgia Republican in its effort to crowd Demo crats out of the Legislature, and must feel a little chagrined to find that its exactions out stripped the conclusions of even Terry's mili tary conrt. Lastly, when a portion of the Radical party, appalled by the desperate plots and designs of the destrnctionists, make their appeal to Con gress in behalf of jastice and a fair construc tion and enforcement of its own legislation,! the Intelligencer, for Bullock & Co., applies the party lash, and denounces them as wo have seen in the article above quoted. He sneers at the “Bryant Democracy,” forsooth. Bnt let himspeak for his “Bullock Democracy,” and explain to the Democracy of Georgia when and where they authorized the Atlanta Intelligencer to givo their assent to snch an administration even of the hard reconstruction laws as scan dalizes all moderate Radicals in Georgia, and has invoked the opposition of Senators Trum bull, Wibon, Carpenter, Edmunds, Ferry, and other of the most inexorable foes of Georgia Democracy in Congress! This “oldest and most influential Democratic journal” undertakes to give the assent of the people to the enforcement by Bullock of meas ures never contemplated by the bill to promote reconstruction—the pnrgation of the Legislature by a military court—the swearing in of men to fill vacancies never elected by the people—men who represent nobody and nothing bnt a blind and pliant registry of Bullock's edicts. He un dertakes to give the assent of the people of Georgia to the whole system of plunder, oppres sion, misrule and misery, all the main features of which are matters of common report and rn- mor, and which, carried out as threatened, will make the State almost uninabitable! Let the Intelligencer know that this masquer ade is now well over. It has passed the point of longer disguise. It may call itself a Demo cratic paper, bnt if it has a single Democratic reader who is not moved to indignation at its transparent treachery, we are very mnch mis taken. POSSIBLE FUTURE OF THE SOUTH BY PROF. EDWARD KAYES, UNIVERSITY OF UXS- ' ' sissirn. From the XIXth Century. J The basis of wealth is production. That pro duction may be classed into production of ma terial, and production of utility. Each is val uable aliko. The workman who fashions steel into cutlery, produces a value, as well as the miner who exhumes the ore. He who transports an article from one place to another, and thus renders it available for the satisfaction of wants which otherwise would have been inadequately supplied, as certainly attaches a new use and consequent value to that article, as he did who produced it. Now, production of material is agriculture; that of utility is manufacture or commerce. Upon one, or some, or all of these three branches of industry, rests tho financial prosperity of every nation. Heretofore agri culture exclusively has absorbed the fuiids and energy of the South; and yet it is the least re munerative of them. The fields of Poland are covered with golden cereals, and resound to the hissing of scythes. The whole land is an im mense granary; yet she is squalid and misera ble, while manufacturing and commercial Hol land is comfortable and wealthy. Spain is sunken in poverty and ignorance. Barbary is poor and illiterate, yet they furnish bread to England. Brazil sends her cotton, coffee, lum ber, hides, etc., throughout Europe, yet Brazil is impotent. Bring tho matter home. In I860, Mississippi raised 1,200,000 bales of cotton, (400 lbs. each,) worth, in round num bers, $39,000,000. In the same year, Massa chusetts imported and manufactured 31G,GG5 31G,GG5 bales, realizing $30,500,000. Now tho number of bales imported and manufactured by Massachusetts is to the number produced by Mississippi os 4 to 15 about. Therefore, had the former State wrought up all tho staple of the latter, she would have realized S144,000,000. Deducting the cost of tho raw material, we have left a gross profit of $105,000,000. Bat this cotton was manufactured somewhere, if not in Massachusetts, and paid to those who did so nearly three times what it did the producers. The net results will bo considered hereafter. Again, Texas, with 3,500,000 cattle, pro duced leather, butter and cheese, (estimating the two latter articles at 25 cents per lb.) to tho amount of $1,G41,000; while New York, with 1,973,000 produces from tho same articles $58,- GG9.000. Is it not incredible ?—a ratio of sixty, three to one! These are only samples of the manner in which the South squandered her resources. Let ns penetrate deeper. Mississippi, which was the eleventh State in number of swine, im ported her pork; blessed with the sunniest skies, the balmiest breezes, a most fertile soil, she bought her breadstuff’s; queen of the cot ton world, she imported her cotton goods. Al though only five States surpassed Virginia in sheep-raising, ten eclipsed her in woollen man ufacture—and Virginia imported woollen goods. Tennessee produced pig iron seventh in tho scale, yet she was the thirteenth founder, and imported machinery. What was the result of this ruinous policy ? Grant South Carolina her twenty-six millions for cotton and rice! Her population of 700,000 souls must bo fed on purchased meats, must be clad in purchased garments; her plantations must bo worked with implements every one of which were mado abroad, (she did not make $3000 worth.) Veri ly; the twenty-six millions rapidly becomes— zero! Let Georgia, Alabama, North Carolina, etc., submit to the same process, and their nominal incomes will bo found deplorably defi cient. Are not these deductions, based, as they are, on the official returns of the census of 18G0, legitimate? Witness the mortgaged plantations of tho Yazoo and Mississippi val leys. Tho commercial cities of New Orleans and New York virtually owned the States of Mis sissippi and Louisiana. Snch are the results of an exclusively agricul tural system. Turn we now to Massachusetts, a State wherein the tbreo great branches of production are hap pily blended. In agriculture itself, notwith standing the unpropitious climate, and an area less than one-sixth that of Alabama, she pro duced nearly half tho value of Alabama’s crop. Her manufactures were twenty-eight times as valuable as those of the latter State; end who can estimate the returns of that commerce which circumnavigated every continent, and threaded every river of the globe ? Mark how beautifully the industrial divisions play into each other’s hands. The farmer feeds the man ufacturer and merchant, and by them is clad and enriched. The manufacturer supplies neces saries to the farmer, and stocks to the merchant; and by them, in turn,is furnished necessaries and raw material. So, too, with the merchant. Thus the nation prospers. The popular purse grows plethoric. There is no efflux of value without a countervailing return. The State is like the great bed of the ocean. Its products are sent, in huge waves, throughont tho world; but there is a swift and constant “ under tow ” returning ever, and the ocean is always full, al ways mif hty. Is not this the reason why Georgia, with sev en times the area of Massachusetts, a climate infinitely more salubrious, and an antiquity as great, had yei one-third less representative pop ulation, and three votes less in Congress ? Is not this the reason why, while the two Caroli- nas, which were tho original thitd and seventh States of the Union,have fallen to the twelfth and eighteenth positions, Ohio, Illinois, Indiana and Missouri (all of comparatively recent creation) have forged ahead with giant strides, until they stand at the very front of theStatos-ossocia- tion ? No deeply laden argosies bear from thorn the raw products of their soils, for other peoples to enrich themselves npon. They have not been content to play the part of the heart, in the body national, stagnating itself whilst driving health and grace, symmetry and power into the other members. We-have fertile soils and happy skills as well as they; and they gather no richer treasures from the full bosom of the earth than burst forth for us; but with them tho sounds of busy manufacturing industry are heard fashion ing their virgin products to the utmost devol- ment, whilst with us all is silent; and D3 the birds of tho air pass over the green swards to settle on the rough, brown seed-fields, so the migratory nations pass ns by. Ah, if the sward also bnt covered a tempting grain! And it can be made to do so. The emancipation of the slaves in the South has introduced a new phenomenon into the world’s history. In vain do we look backward for its precedent. Wo find nations slowly and laboriously emerging from the mists of a silent inception, and nations springing at once lusty and vigorons into nfflaence and power; we be hold some falling, yet rising again into all their pristine prosperity, and some that fall to riso no more ; we start with affright at the almost instantaneous annihilation of this, and follow that through the long-drawn centuries of a deca dence almost imperceptible; parties and schitms have arisen and passed away; revolutions have shattered the fortunes and powers of the higher classes and overwhelmed the aristocracies; counter-revolutions have reinstated the one and renewed tho other; yet in nil these various for tunes, amid all this diversity and complication of national records, no combination of affairs snch as now obtains in the South, presents itself. For the first time the labor system ofapeople has been completely abolished, while the intellect and wealth maintain their original supremacy. For the first time, the genius, the morality, the sen timent, the chivalry, the daring, the energy and the perseverance of a highly cultivated and mighty people essay in vain to grasp an organ ized blind forco by which to accomplish their ends, and, throughout the extent of a nation, employment goes begging. For the first time, a people is neither awake, nor sleeping, nor dead, bnt in a trance. Our social organization now resembles a child’s block-palace, from nn- der which the foundation has been so suddenly stricken that the entire superstructure has fal len, shaken and wrenched, bnt proud and shapely stil 1 . A new problem in political philosophy is to bo solved, and upon us devolves the vast task of making what is to be certainly the most cu' rions, perhaps tho grandest chapter in the his tory of any single nation. It is true that, in the past, wo can find no prognostications of onr success, but neither do we find any portents of our failure. Our footsteps must pass through an unknown land ; let them make a broad and deep road for the guidance of posterity. The primary object now should, of course, be the judicious management and assiduousd evelop- ment of our industrial resources. Let us com pare the new things with the old which “havo passed away,” and see what these resources are. In Mississippi a census of 18G6 shows a dim inution of the black population since I860, by one-eighth. Sinee this State was thoroughly harried by the enemy daring the war, we wifi assume that her loss m this respeot was at least as great as the average. There are then 3,000,- 000 negroes yet remaining in the cotton States. Of these, perhaps 2,000,000 may bo called la borers. What can be done with them ? Take a plantation which works twenty hands, and oompare its receipts and expenditures before the war and since. Omitting those things which would be in common between then and now, i, a, com whioh is consumed by the laborers i and stock, meats, etc., the returns would be: BEFORE THE WAR. 120 bales Of Cotton at $40 per bale:. r. $4,800 Probably 5 infants bom, which, after being fed, clad and physicked for ten years would be worth, per annum. . 000 Now deduct: Physicians’ bills for about 40 slaves... 100 Clothing ($400) and “Taxes on Slaves” ($80)........ 480 An average of 1>£ deaths every year, by which negroes are lost whose annual value was 150 $5,S00 730 Remainder in the planters hands $4,070 SINCE THE WAR. GO bales of Cotton, of which the planter gets 40, worth, at $110 , per bale $4,400 Deduct tho “Income Tax” 170 4,230 00 Premium in gold, at 40 per cent.... 1.208 50 Remainder in gold in tho planter’s hands $3,021 50 Bnt this is not all. Apart from his land, stock and utensils, tho Southern planter of to-day need own nothing save a thousand or so dollars to feed his' “hands” with; and his income of 3,021 50-100 dollars is all profit. On the other hand, the planter before the war must have owned 40,000 dollars worth of slaves in order to realize his income of 4,570 dollars. What is his corresponding net profit ? Deduct the annual value of his forty slaves, estimated at .05 per cent, and you have it—1,370 dollars. Let the judicious planter weigh candidly and carefully the considerations which I have ad vanced above, and think whether he has not more money to spend than ever ho had before from the same number of laborers. What has become of the midnight sufferings, over long accounts that once tossed his torinred soul ? Where are now the anxious reckonings as to how he may defray the interminable expenses of the current year? From this investigation several facts of vital importance appear. First, That whereas, be fore tho war a man must have had considerable meats in order to begin the culture of tho ground, with any prospect of making more than a bale subsistence ; now, that field is thrown open to almost tho whole population, and he who owns but a thousand or two, need no long er hoard it np for want of a profitable invest ment—that thousand will supply five “hands,” and return to the owner fourteen bales of cotton. Secondly, that while, before the war, from tho failure of the crop, the planter suffered an act ual loss of the annual value of his slave proper ty in addition to the many current expenses of the year, (in the case above cited, 4000 total,) and the failure of one crop out of three would neutralize the profits of the other two; now his only actual loss would be tho cost of the provi sions consumed, viz: about $800, and he could lose three crops out of four and still make something—thus being more than twice as apt to prosper as his ante helium friend. Thirdly, that the agriculture of the country can now bo prosecuted without devoting to it all the funds of tho nation, for example, he who pos sesses $40,000 heed no longer invest it all in slaves in order to raise cotton to the value of $1,400; $10,000 will much more than supply the labor with which to do this, and tho residue of $40,000 may be otherwise invested. Such is the direct effect upon the interests of the agriculturist. Let us now regard that npon the State at large. Formerly, the crops of ten, and the crops of a thousand, were shipped di rect to a seaboard town, and there sold to the branch establishments of Northern or Euro pean houses. Immediately, the proceeds of tho sale were taken to other branch establishments of Northern or European houses, and there principally disbursed for plantation supplies. The plain truth is, that the Yankee or the Eng lish manufacturer paid tho Southron two or three thousand per annum, to “oversee” a largo plantation, and raise for that manufacturer the cotton which would yield him, when wrought $18,000 or $19,000 net. In the meanwhile, the neighbor of onr planter, who was a merchant, saw with despondency the great current of trade rolling past bis doors, onward to those of an alien straDger; and picked up, with much mortification, all which the great feast afforded him—the crumbs. At present, it is otherwise. Various causes, which it is not ne cessary to specify, have co-operated to effect the disposal of the crops to the merchants of the interior. As a consequence of this happy change, the villages and towns of our inland country are prospering to a degree unparalleled in their annals. Along the whole lengths of our many railroads, the all but magical upgrowth of station-houses into villages, and of villages into busy towns, bears indisputable testimony to the incalculable benefits accruing from the estab lishment of this home trade. This, too, without any depletion of the planter’s pocket; for the merchant’s extensive dealings and professional character create for him a con siderable diminution of original costs and of transportation rates; and the amount of thisdiminution is the measure of his profits. Glorious re volution of the labor system ! Dear old Land of Dixie, how have thine enemies blest thee when most they sought to wound! Short sighted race of mortals that we are, how we clung to that institution whose abolition has un locked the riches hidden in the earth’s bosom to tho poor man as well as the rich, and may yet make our loved land flourish and bloom as she never did before, could we only believe, and work in the faith! Mysterious work of God, which in seeming to strip us of our pomp of wealth, and arrogance of dollars, yet places us whore we may receive more of the benefits of prosperity than we have ever done! Bat while these reflections afford onr people a broad ground for self-congratulation, there are yet other considerations to which our most anxious attention should be given. While felicitating ourselves that our progress has been such as it is, we should neither forget nor ignore the fact that we have the means for a far higher ascent. I have already endeavored to show to the reader that the production of her necessa ries and the manufacture of her own staples (or other people’s) are indispensable pro-reqni- isites to any nation’s fullest development of wealth and political power. The South is no exception to this rulo; and, while we are im proved in our commercial system, still there is room for a far greater improvement, os the ul timate origin of our vast supplies is abroad; and there is, also, the final destination of millions in money and millions in cotton that should be kept at home. Never will we occupy the posi tion that we should assume, unless wo fill our wide territories with laboring looms. And why should wo not ? What advantage over ns have the sterile rock-beds of New England that could not be easily retrieved? Capital? They did not always have it; hut made it in the face of competition. Why may not we ? Besides, tho greatest things have small beginnings—neither Manchester nor Marseilles were built in a year. We must be patient and persevering. Opera tives ? Spindles will not long be silent for want of hands to make them buzz. What advantages has the South, by which she may bear all others down ! One—and that eternal as her own deep foundation. She produces, and others do not; tho material which must be fabricated grows from her own bosom—others must import it. Who can doubt that we will be able to compete successfully, within onr ownboundaries, with that trade which must twice traverse a continent or an ocean before its goods are presented to • tho consumer? Moreover, we havo virtually the monopoly of the cotton market. The Indian and Egyptian staples are comparative failures; Brazil is remote, and her production very lim ited. 'When the Southern planter shall have a consuming market at home, and at home his cotton shall be manufactured, then'the foreign factory owner must either come to a mart where purchasers are not wanted, and pay enormous prices for his raw material, or consent to issue to tho world fabrics immeasurably inferior. Then will come the days when Dixie domestics, calicoes, muslins and lawns, will be sold in the stores of Lowell andLiverpool and Lyons. Aye! let Louisiana clarify her own sugars, and make candies for the world; let Texas pickle her own beeves, tan her own bides, and build up shoe and harness factories throughont her vast extent; let Tennessee fill her domains with iron foundries and machine-shops; let all pro duce their breadstuff's, their meats, their agri cultural and domestio utensils; let the South raise her own cotton, work np her own cotton, ship her own beautiful fabrics; and, in a thou sand ways, unthought of now, her tens of mil lions will swell to billions; her ships will plow every sea; her cities will sit upon every one of her glorious plains; along top green slopes of every valley will steal the sweet chimes of a St. Paul’s; the low murmur *of a'^hundred Cam- bridges will arise; Peace and Joy will rest npon every hill-top, and cover the land as a dome; and the deep pulsations of her noble heart will quicken all mankind! There is one other thought, and we shall have done. If the cruel experiences of the past few years have taught us any lesson, it is the ruin, the suicide, involved in dependence upon other peoples. What Southerner, who possessed a heart to feel, and a brain to think, did not, a thousand times, deplore, in sackcloth and ashes, the impotency of his country, and her blind folly in so binding herself ? “Oh, Absolom, Absolom, * * wonld I oonld have died for thee!” and yet, for the want of a few factories and a few ships, thou art sunken into death! Henceforth, forever, the North arid we are one. The wager of battle decided against ns, and there is no appeal from the decision; but there is yet another struggle we can make. Let the South pursue tho policy which is, so ev idently, now her only wise one, and she will rise- up from her ruins, growing in wealth, growing in population, growing in intellect, growing in morality, growing in power, until her conqueror will sink slowly into her train-bearer, even as Scotland, which gave England her king, became but England’s subsidiary. Wo betido the indi viduality of that nation whioh annexes to itself another that possesses the elements of future superiority. It takes unto itself a master. Behold! In the centuries that are to come, the South, if wise, may yet bid defiance to the world! BY TELEGRAPH. FROM WASHINGTON. Washington, February G.—Bullock, leading one, and Bryant another Georgia delegation, have ar rived. Both claim to he Republicans. Peter F. Washburn, Governor of Vermont, is dead. Washington, February 7.—The House is discuss ing a resolution that tho tariff should bo for revenue, not tor protection. Senator Morton has presented documents de claring that Georgia has adopted the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments. Tho case of Hipbura vs. Griswold, brought from tho Court of Appeals of Kentucky, involving tho legal tender law, was decided in tho United States Supremo Court to-day. Chief Justice Chase deliv ered the opinion of tho Court, sustaining the de cision of the Court below, and holding that a con tract made before the legal tender law could not bo discharged in United States notes. The opinion is very long, and discusses at great length the powers of Congress. It holds that Congress had no right to make government notes a legal tender for pre existing private debts. It does not touch the ques tion of contracts mado since the law was passed. This opinion waB concurred in by Mr. Justice Nel son, Justice Clifford and Justice Field. Mr. Justice Miller delivered the minority opinion, concurred in by Justice Swayno and Justice Davis—holding the law to he entirely constitutional-rtreating it princi pally as an incident to the war power. Hoar is to he retained in the Cabinet. A delegation of Georgians, compoeed of Conley, President of the State Senate, and Speaker pro tem. Tweedy, Judges Gibson, Parrott, and Harrali, of the Superior Court; Representative Clift, Mr. To- chen Rice and others, called on President Grant this morning. The interview was of an hour’s du ration. They discussed tho political situation fully. Tho President stated that although his first im pressions were that tho action of the Legislature previous to the expulsion of tho colored members was legal and binding, and the election of Senators was to hold good, he was satisfied, after more ma ture reflection, that the present legislative organi zation was tho first, and that all action should he commenced therefrom. Ho inquired who tho Re publicans would elect Senators, to which the dele gation responded that no nominations had yet been made, but would probably be on Monday, and an election held on Tuesday. No doubt they would be loyal Republicans. The President said both he and Sherman had en tire confidence in Terry, and he would fully advise them of the situation in a few days, as he would be here on public business. The delegation also ex pressed confidence in Terry’s judgment and ability. Revenue to-day $847,000. Twenty-seven cases of yellow fover occurred on tho Seminole. The fever is abating, and the cases are milder. The Seminole leaves Key West for Portsmouth, N. H. Tho Senato Judiciary Committeo will hear tho Conservative Republican delegation on Wednesday, regarding Georgia. Trumbull has notified the Bul lock delegation to bo present. Tho Election Committee has indefinitely post poned the case of Segar, who claims a seat from Virginia at largo. • Tho President has nominated Joseph P. Bradley, of New Jersey, and William Strong, of Pennsylva nia, Associate Justices of the Supreme Court. CONGRESSIONAL. Washington, February 7.—House—Ridgoway in troduced bills to repeal the act prescribing an oath of office; also, for removing political disabiities in Virginia. Weeker introduced a bill to discontinue the Freedmen’s Bureau. The resolution offered on Monday last, declaring that constitutional authority to levy taxes does not include any power to impose duties, other than for tho collection of revenue; and that a tariff levied for any other purposo than that of revenue, espe cially if levied to foster and encourago one section of country, or one class of citizens, at the expense of another section or class, is unauthorized by tho Constitution, unjust to a great body of people, and injurious to almost all industries, and directiag the Ways and Means Committeo to prepare a bill ac cordingly, was laid on tho table, 89 to 77. Tho Indian appropriation hill was reported and mado the special order for Tuesday. It appropri ates three millions of dollars, against six millions last year. The amount estimated for was live millions. The death of the late Hoag was announced in both houses. Dispatches to Secretary Fish, from Havana, say that one American citizen was killed and two wound ed there yesterday. No particulars. Senate.—Petitions were presented favoring an additional amendment granting female suffrage. A bill was reported encouraging telegraphic com mnnication between the Eastern and Western Con tinents. It gives tho American and Asiatic Tele graph Company the exclusive right for fourteen years to the telegraphic cable from points in Wash ington Territory—government vessels to assist the enterprise. Tho bill to protect Congressmen from importuni ty and preserro tho independence of the several departments, and also tho census bill, were dis cussed, bnt without final action, the Senato ad journed. FROM AUGUSTA. Augusta, Ga., February G—Senator Hill and Messrs. Bryant, Caldwell, Holden and others, Re publicans, opposed to Governor Bullock and his policy, are on their way to Washington to represent the condition of affairs in Georgia to Congress. Bryant Bays tho object of the delegation is to show that Governor Bullock has violated the Reconstruc tion laws—that tho Legislature, as now organized, is illegal, and that several persons aro allowed Beats in tho Legislature who aro not entitled to them, and that if Congress sustains the Bullock Republi can party in Georgia, it will be destroyed. Tho delegation represents the Conservative wing of the Republicans in this State, and repudiate all politi cal affiliation with tho Democratic party. FOREIGN NEWS. London, February 7.—Bark Jesse Campbell, from New York, was foundered. All wero saved. City of Mexico, February 7.—A conspiracy in favor of Santa Anna has been discovered hero. The ringleaders havo been arrested. Mabrid, February 7.—It is reported that tho treaty between Spun and the Spanish Republics will be signed immediately. Valentia, Irelanb, February 7.—The Irish tele graphs eastward are cut off. Paris, February 7.—General Heine has departed for Panama, to conduct tho Darien Ship Canal ex plorations. Tho Marsellaise, Heniy Rochefort’s journal, ap pears this morning with a characteristic article over the signatur eof Rochefort himself, relative to the recent notice ordering him to constitute himself a prisoner, in obedience to the sentence of the court. He declares boldly that he will not surrender him self, and if ministers want him they must come and take him; and furthermore, they must como pre pared to use force. The new postal arrangements with the United States applies only to prepaid matter. FROM CUBA. Havana,’ February 7.—General GAsenoche has returned to Paerto Principe, and reports capturing two pieces of aitilleiy and many prisoners. In sugar there is very little business; prices are arely maintained. GENERAL NEWS. '• Chicago, February 7.—Extensive smuggling by mail has been discovered. Among the packages' seized are twelve dozen hymn books, addressed to Brigham Young, Salt Lake. Cincinnati, February 7.—At Dobbins’ distillery, at Dayton, Dobbins refused to pay tho taxes, in order to test the legality of the forty-eighth fer mentation rule. ' : : - r - ; - Savannah, February 7.—The steamship Oriental, from Boston to-day, was towed in port. The British brig Helen, from N.ew York for Wil mington, 'N. C., was dismasted off the North Caro lina coast in the late gale. New Orleans, February 6.—The Legislature yesterday passed a bill making Metropolitan Police warrants receivable for taxes. Tho House passed a bill authorizing the issue of three millions of bonds, to pay for work heretofore done on tho levees under contract by tho Board of Public Works. John M. Nelson was drowned last evening by driving through the open draw of a bridge into the canal. A child accompanying him was rescued. Another sugar fraud case, involving eight hun dred and fifty boxes, was decided by the United States District Court in favor of the government. Tho eugar was imported undor false invoices as to weight. FROM ATLANTA. Atlanta, February G.—Tho dispatch last night, quoting from a Democratic journal of this city, rel ative to Bryant, Caldwell and others, was intended as a special, and was sent to the Associated Press by mistake. [Is that story intended for tho ma rines or sailors ? | ALABAMA LEGISLATURE. Montgomery, Februaiy 7.—The Senate Alabama and Chattanooga Railroad bill passed the House, with the amendment that two million dollars of State bonds should bo loaned in place of three mil lions of dollars, as was provided in the original Sen ate bill. The Senate will undoubtedly concur in the House amendment. Decisions of tbe Supreme Conrt of Georgia. DELIVERED AT ATLANTA, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 8. From the Atlanta Costitution.j James R. Smith, plaintiff in error, vs. Adam Jones, defendant in error. From Spalding; claim case. Brown, O. J,—1. The Mayor and Council of tho city of Griffin have power conferred by the charter to levy and collect a tax. And in case of non-payment, the Clerk of the city may issue execution against the defaulter, which is a lien npon all his property, and may be levied npon any property of the defendant! real or personal, sufficient to satisfy thefi. fa., by the Marshal or his deputy, who may sell the same at public sale at the City Hall, giving such law as is re quired by law for Tax Collector’s sales. 2. The Marshal is not bound to make an en try of no personal property before he can levy upon real property. Both are alike subject Judgment reversed. Speer & Beck, Doyal & Nnnnally for plaintiff in error. Peeples & Stewart, Boynton & Dismuke for defendant. Sarah Wyatt, plaintiff in error, vs. A. W. Turner, defendant in error. Certiorari, from Henry. Brown, C. J.—If either party is not satisfied with the answer of the Jastice of the Peace to a certiorari, all the exception must be taken or traverse filed, and the case is heard in the Supe rior Court npon the answer, and brought to this Court, and a judgment rendered, the parties are bonnd by that judgment, and neither party will be entitled to have an amended answer to the certiorari filed in the Superior Court, after the jndgment of this Court. Judgment reversed. S. O. McDaniel, Peeples & Stewart for plain tiff in error. John R. Hart for defendant in error. J. J. Bagwell, et. al. vs. Jas. M. Head, et al. Equity, from Spalding. Warner, J.—When a bill praying for an in junction was presented to the Judge in vacation for his sanction, which was refused: Held, That as the complainant had a com plete and adequate remedy at law, in regard to the several matters, as charged and set forth in his bill of complaint, that the injunction prayed for was properly refused. Judgment affirmed. D. N. Martin, by CoL Price, for plaintiff in error. Peeples & Stewart, for defendants. Roger L. Gamble vs. Hardeman & Sparks, et al. Complaint from Bibb. Warner, J.—When the plaintiffs and defend ants entered into a parol agreement for the rent of a plantation for one year, and for the pur chase of the stock, provisions and agricultural implements thereon, and afterwards reduced their agreement to writing, and one of the de fendants swore npon trial that it was the inten tion of the parties to have inserted in the writ ten agreement that the plaintiff was to use his influence with the negroes on the place to re main there as laborers, but by “ mistake" it was omitted, without showing hour, or by what means, or by whom the mistake was committed: Held, that this was not sufficient evidence of mistake under the law to lay the foundation for the introduction of parol evidence to prove that was part of the agreement that the plaintiff should use his influence with the negroes on the place to remain there as laborers, and that it was error in the Court in admitting the evi dence as to the injury sustained by the defesd- ants in consequence of the negroes leaving there. Held, also, that although the plaintiff may have represented to the defendants that there was a greater quantity of stock and pro visions on the place than they found to be there when they took possession of it, and they made no objections, but proceeded to make a crop with what they found there, and paid part of the rent without any complaint as to the deficiency of com and other things, ibis too late at the end of the year to insist that they did not get as mnch as they expected, and for that reason seek to repudiate their contract. They kneic when they took possession of the place what was on it, and if there was any material deficiency in anything represented to be on the place, then was the time for them to have repudiated the contract if they had desired to do so. Judgment reversed. Lyon & deGraffenreid, for plaintiff in error. Whittle & Gustin, for defendants. James H. Connelly vs. R. A. Crawford find Nicholas Cruger. Bill from Spaulding. McCay, J.—When A sold to B a parcel of land, taking B’s notes for the purchase money, and giving him a bond for titles, when the notes wore paid, and B, with the consent of his wife, paid one of the notes with money belonging to her separato estate, of which he was trustee, and A brought suit on tho other notes with in tent to get judgment, file a deed and sell the land under 3,G04 of the Code, and a bill is filed by the trustee, for the children of the wife, she having died; settling up these facts, alleging that tho land will not pay the balance due, and claiming that the trust money invested in the land should he first paid, and praying an in junction, to restrain A from taking judgment on his notes, until the rights of the parties should be settled by a decree. And A answered the bill, denying any knowl edge on his part of the trust, any notice that the money paid was trnst money. Held, That it was not error in the Courts be low to dissolve the injunction on the coming in of the answer. Boynton & Dismuke for plaintiffs in error. Speer & Beck for defendants. O. C. Sharman vs. Jesse B. Howell. Rule againBt Sheriff, from Upson. McCay, J.—Where property is levied on by a sheriff under an execution from a State Court, and the defendant is adjudged a bankrupt, and no proceedings are taken in the Brnkrupt Court to compel toe property levied upon to be brought into that tribunal for distribution, the adjudication of bankruptcy and the issuing of toe ordinary writ of protection is no excuse to tho sheriff for not proceeding to sell the prop erty and raise toe money. Doyal & Nnnnally, Hart & Alexander, for plaintiff in error. Smith & Alexander, J. J. Hall, for defendant Central Railroad, etaL, vs. Stephen Collins, et al. Bill for injunction, from Bibb. McCay, J.—The State of Georgia, being a stockholder in the Atlantie and Gulf Railroad Company, may, on her own motion, become a party to a bill filed by other interested persons against the city of Savannah, the Central Rail road, toe Southwestern Railroad, and the At lantic and Gulf Railroad, to enjoin the consum mation of a contract by which a controlling amount of the stock of the Atlantic and Golf road is about to pass into toe cont^uT Central and Southwestern roads. ^ I A citizen of the State, as such, is not * er party to a bill to enjoin a railroad c 0m ' froin illegally making a purchase of another railroad company ‘but if ^ other proper parties to.the bill, this 2?* is not a good ground of general demurr^'l If one be a bona fide holder of stoJi l railroad company, and-file a bill to eniai *1 company from making a purchase not W* ized by too charter, it is not a ^ to the bill that the plaintiff is not in seeking toe interests of the companv acting in toe interests of a rival road *’ “ Each stockholder has a right to stand- his own contract, as provided by the chart' The banking powers of the Central R,* and Bpking Company,-and the incidents!? to expired on toe 14th of December, Isgr .L ter that date, toe general powers of th»J j company to buy and hold real and personal/! erty and make contracts, are confined toll property and such contracts as are incirb.!^ the building, managing and maintainirl 5 Railroad contemplated and provided for F : charter,, and the purchase of stock i a • 1 er, and cspecialy in a rival Railroad co.-T is outside of the objects of the charter ?i Neither the Central Railroad Comnan* toe Southwestern Railroad Company is ized, by its charter, to become a stockhrM' other Railroad Companies, and conrt of will, at the instance of stockholders in thol enjoin a purchase of such stock by said, nies. c A railroad company chartered for the ntm-w of building and maintaining a railroad fee l < vannah to Macon, with general powers b a uj chase and hold personal estate, of any whatever, is not authorized to becom» a?”' 1 holder in a railroad from Savannah to bridge. Such purchase is wholly be- 0 Jti purposes of toe charter. * “ a 4 It is a part of the public policy of the & ! as indicated by toe charter of several rail/! from the seaboard to the interior to sect/ reasonable competition between said road/ public patronage, and it is contrary to ;t lf 5 icy for one of said road3 to attempt to «<J!]I controling interest in another, and any co/vi made with that view, will be set aside bv of equity as illegal, beyond the objects oh' 3 charter, and contrary to the public poliev ft State. The act of December, 1861, authorizing connection of the Central Railroad and til lantic and Gulf road, having, as is express.)-!! cited in the preamble, been passed in fc.-C ance of the late rebellion against the r$i States, is no indication of the policy tfs State to permit toe Central Railroad Coc> to acquire, in any manner, a controlling jZ in the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad. When the city of Savannah and the I Railroad and Southwestern Railroad Com-, entered into a contract by which the sail/ transferred to said Railroad Companies ]; shares of stock in tho Atlantic and Gulf' road; 307 shares in the Montgomery andi! Point Railroad; 424 shares in the Save and Augusta Railroad, and one share ii> Southwestern Railroad; and the Mayorcfj city of Savannah was a stockholder inthFi tral Railroad, and toe said city one of the nal corporators in said Central Railroad. Held, that even if toe railroad charter* not public laws which all are not bound tv tico, that the city of Savannah is charged notice of the powers of the Central and So western Railroads, and cannot stand upon footing of an innocent actor without notice. Judgment affirmed. Fusion's Commercial College. We have been favored with circulars fromjl institution which carry evidence of the fact is by his rare capacity and energy Professor 17 ton has built up in Macon, a highly valuable? j prosperous business school, which is not c:| making fame and fortune for himself and:' Associate, bnt affording onr young men as opportunity to perfect themselves in all t learning and accomplishments of toe book-1 er, accountant, the rapid and skillful penmaa,u ( even the arts of toe telegraphic operator., Is j advantages afforded by this school should ij highly valued and diligently improved by yc: 3 men who intend to follow business pursuits. .. thorough indoctrination into the modus open: u di and routine of business will be of iacalci! ble benefit in after life. Great excitement prevails in Clark couri UL, in consequence of the discovery of golii Big Creek, about twenty miles from Tre Haute. A lately returned Californian, a 1 ' of eighteen years’ experience, has been! been for some days prospecting in toe ran| along the creek, and found gold in pay tog q- tities. The people of that section are le«q their usual avocations to search for the preeg met >1. An Engineering Triumph.—The last spacij the bridge over the Ohio River, at LouisvJ was completed on Monday afternoon. !| length of the bridge, exclusive of approach;I one mile. It has two mam spans of threeir dred and seventy feet, and a draw over: channel. The time occupied in its construe was two years and six months. The flight of a hawk, when its powers 1 fully exerted, has been calculated 150 milts ij hour; of the eider duck 90 miles. The / can passenger pigeon will fly a mile a and the albatross 90 miles an hour. Gen. Lee—We grieve to learn, as we do thro a private letter, that the health of General^ is not so good as his family and friends d&J though it would appear to give himself little f no concern. A trip to Europe in the spritij urged upou him, but there is no certainty c he will accede. Had we the ear of toe General, we woull'-J him that, if he does not take the very best f of his health, we believe the Southern ] will actually get angry with him. A trip to Europe will give him a new least j life, while his presence there will be b with he liveliest satisfaction by millions, latter fact may, we fear, have rather a deterZj effect, bnt it is no less a fact, as every Ac-' can who visited Europe dnring or since tbe* can testify.—N. O. Picayune. An Indian Chief is the most popular pre« on a Wisconsin circuit. We havo a good fish story from Maiyk'j As it runs, a man fishing in a riverin that M found that his hook was attached to somelKl and pulling it up with some difficulty, discove-ff at tho end of his line a jug holding*about gallon. Not wishing to lose his only hoA/S demolished the jug, and, to his great asta-i*! ment, found that the hook had been swallo* by a monster catfish exactly the size and st'' of the jng. A couple of unique medals, connectingA^ gold chain, were picked up by a farmer *»r building a fence at Lawrence, Kansas, the oti*f day. One was stamped with the British coa‘-* arms and a bust of George HL, while the ots has the inscription: “Second Presidency! George Washington, MDCCXCYI.” Five tfi dred dollars has been offered for the medal. The vine is cultivated in Beventy-nipe depf ments in France, and toe annual yield is all 71,000,000 of hectolitres, which if valued atf average of twenty-three francs, represents P sum of 1,000,000,000 francs. The cultivafj and producing of wine.in France gives em| t| ment to G,500,000 of people, and the wine alone employs 2,000,000 more. A clergyman lectured in a Canadian tom cently, on toe aubjeet, “Go it while Young,” and mentioned Demosthenes, M 1 - Knox, Arkwright, Watt, Stevenson, PeaM Sir Colin Campbell (Lord Clyde,) as exa of men who “went it” while they were yot a good sense. A Russian officer, writing abont the Cri war, says the difference presented by the tive English and French soldiers was marked. The former were almost always s ingly wonnded before being taken pria< the latter often quite sound and only some bearing a few insignificant scratches. And if so wounded, the English soldier womi f ive up his animosity to the Russians, wM ranchman immediately fraternized with The Chicago Tribune says : “A i>etw IP per publishes the ‘will of George Washii ^1 which was removed from the court-he *1 Fredericksburg, Va., by Rev. John, chaplain of toe 4th Michigan Infantry. “Removed” is good. Down here “stolen.” Is there any prospect of tbi 1 father's removing it back where it bek® ^ J wonder ? Hardly, unless moved by • ward.