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am AJNTD GKE O RG-IA JOURNAL & ME88ENG-ER EID & REESE, Proprietors. The Family Journal.—News—Politics—Literature—Agriculture—Domestic Affairs. r S TAUI.ISIfKO 1S-26. GEORGIA TELEGRAPH BUILDHtO MACON. FRIDAY, MARCH 18, 1870. VOL HIV.—HO. 34 f Mir the Telegraph anti Messenger. To 4'hiquita. •v’lir.S h' 1 ' l“ st poem, inscribed to Rev. Dr. , K „ il by bearing him preach a sermon fTB*.text: “Glorious things are ,i0m . o'., City of God!’ - tTithPsalm, 3d B «keno. ' §,ne \ ..;ii tin 1; <1° not deem it bold Hut b** 1 *' V* 1 should answer thee, Vilios > sms'® ‘rf®, **k° strains of old, as David’s harp to me. xvl|Cn ..Vr ntj muse is neaUii g near, Ti , sweet slouco does it bring; Ct ofien rheds a crystal tear \Vbeii I forbid that it should sing. Since lie » bast waked it, as it slept ' B neatli yon drooping, weeping tree, Ii leaves its sorrows all unwept, Xiiat it me sing w£h mo to thee. When it heard thy “song” of praise It opVd its timid, tearful eye,— It turned on urn a wistful gaze. And then looked npward to the sky. And when I said that it might siog It took my harp off from the tree. Then shook the tear-drops from its wing, And tang with me this song to thee. But thinking that thou didst not bear, Perchance, the lot?, deep-muffled strain, I now will, through a Messenger, repeat the plaintiff song again. For the Telegraph and Messenger. A Nous <>i* Zion. Most glorious things! Oh, Zion, "City of our God!" Ara spoVn of thee, whero oft bright angel feet li»\e trod; And where ti e Three-in-One doth ever reign, and mil. The “parti redemption plan” of Scripture to ful fill Immortal Gates! now oft I’ve longed on thee to gj.’.e,— Ta Ties' the “hallow'd duet,” beneath those high trehaays! for weary trav’lers faint, and weak indeed, ’(was inert To shake it • ff, forever fir m their pilgrim fret; When th-y had reached the goal, obtained the final test, p , r those who gain, by faith, tlte mansions of the blest. E'nhrig'drr to their gaze it shone than "Easter g.iid” Of dia toms which decked Jerusalem of olrl, B-iicath that *Slor emblazoned banner they ndore Wlii.-li o'er tint “si«itless Unit" will float forever- rpon those lofty turrits they can enraptured stand, OVtlockii g JonlanV stream, and all the Promised land— fan sit it putt ils battlements, “watch npon its tow’is,” And catch a charming view rf Elen’s heant’ona in-'is. Ita ' NOTES OX THE RAILWAY NiTl'.V- TIOX IX GEORGIA. Xnmber Four. Messrs. Editors Telegraph and Messenger : , The excitement consequent upon the reassem bling of the Legislature in January, and the ex tent to which the newspaper press and the peo ple generally were occupied with the discussion of the last phase of reconstruction, made it ne cessary, in my judgment, to discontinue, for the time beiDg, my Notes on the Railway Situation in Georgia. The public mind having settled j down to its normal condition, however, it is my purpose now to resume the work I had laid out, and to continue it until I shall have said all that I desire to say at this time. In order to refresh the recollection of the reader, it may not be improper to restate the positions established in the thTee preceding numbers of the Notes on the Railway Situation. This will enable him to preserve the connection and appreciate the argument at its true valae, whatever that may be. 1. It was shown that the pub'.io mind was , deeply concerned thirty-five years ago with the i subject of railways, plankroads and canals. The ‘ great problem presented for solution at that early period related to the most practicable means and ronte for opening np communication between the South Atlantic and the Northwest, and between the Sonth Atlantic and the Gnlf of Mexico and the lower Mississippi. In the out set the proposed Charleston and Cincinnati rail road met with most favor among those who were seeking a connection with the Northwest. The people of Georgia succeeded, however, in de feating tha* project, and in having the great railway lines, leading from the sea at Savannah and Charleston, to pass diagonally across the State to Atlanta, and thence to the Tennessee river at Chattanooga, and on to the Ohio and Mississippi. For reaching the Gulf and the lower Missis sippi side lines were thrown off to the west ward from Macon and Atlanta, and a connec tion formed with the Alabama railroads at Co lumbus and West Point. The Southwestern and Atlantic and Gulf railroads point in the same direction, their ultimate object, after meeting the wants of our own people, being to establish a close connection between the ports of the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico. 2. It was shown farther that the railroad lines here indicated, with their branch roads, constituted the Railroad System of Georgia as it existed at the close of the war. Savannah and Savannah river was the base of the system. To reach the Tennessee and the Northwest, we hnd the Central, the Macon rnd Western, the Georgia and the State railroads. To reach the Chattahoochee and the Gulf, we had the Atlan tic and Gulf, the Central, the Southwestern, the Georgia, and the Atlanta and West Point roads. These railways, with their side lines, formed onr system of railways, and were capa ble of transacting all the business of onr peo ple. As was stated in a former number, there was a railroad running through 71 of the 132 counties in the Stated and in several instances there were two or more railroads through one county. Tho greater part of the 44 other coun ties were within twenty-five miles of a railway, and there were only 17 counties in the State which were not within twenty-five miles of a railroad thtn already built, or soon to be built. 3. Ir. whs shown in the third place, that onr Railway Sy»U'iu was capable of development ami expansion to any desirable extent. The bo v mountain paths" they now can wander J tracks of all onr roads being of the same gauge, ■ 1 and nil connected, a train srarting from Savun- 1b . ,u : ..... ., , , , i nab, Eufaula or Chattanooga, could run to any WhMtMrrtof 'living green are ever fies.t and j other point in the State reached by a railroad; and those portions of our territory which lay re- Jlutr nti: y loved companions there are wont to m et, An-1 play on lteav'nly harps ilu-ir holy antlic-ms Mwet— Where all the lovely graces do each other kies, Which fond endearment shows the acme of their Mies. Tig there the “blessed church" triumpliantly doth stand, la ill its majesty, the glflry of the land. It is a sura defence npon Mount Zflsn'a Hill, For lie hath built it by an effort of liis will. Securely from storms, and every wintry gale; Xor e'r against it can the gates of hell prevail; For ho hath built a tow’r, and bound it “like a spell,’* ■'With mountains of His power,” which gird and guard it well. mote from” the main lines, could have been easily reached by branch roads,"without disturb ing the system or injuring the original compan ies. The counties in northeastern Georgia, for example, which had fewer railway facilities than any other part of the State, could have been easily and natnrally reached without in jury to the Georgia Road, by the extension of the Washington branch to Elberton and Hart well, and by the extension of the Athens branch to Clarkesvtlle or Dahlonega, or by the present Air Line Railroad. Other northern and north western counties could have been aided by side lines thrown off at convenient points from the .State Ruud, without damage to the latter, just us the Southwestern counties had been pene trated and relieved by the Southwestern Road and its admirably located branch lines. The counties on either side of the Central, the Macon and Western, and the Georgia Roads Briglr rrntintls of Peace, of Faith, and Hop* have C ould have been reached in the same safe and t.-od, ■ satisfactory way, without hurt to any existing Long, long, around the grand old Armory of God. j interest; while all Southern Georgia and North- ; ern Florida conld have had every needed facili- Ob. '’Bleeped Ilorae” of Zion, “City of onr love" j ty afforded them by short lateral roads running Oh. m tv w.i hop-- at last to dwell in thee above: j out from the great Atlantic and Gulf Trank i.otli raise, ! ibis State, tho northern tier of counties in IncrrufO our feeble faith and fan it to a blsze, j p lorI j Uj aud t i,e southeastern counties in Ala- Tmt Lighter hopes may tluo’ His Soli our botoms : bums, with such business as would naturally f.wll, flaw down to it through the Altamaha, the Flint So wo mav find that “home” the Father “loveth j and tho Chattahoochee rivers. Wheu it passes we ll’** i beyond this wide and inviting field, it comes in Ho Util, built it* p .Uces, lain its masrivo floors; ! competition with other old and meritorious H,n,v,a -id _ doors; I gized by the Mississippi and its tributaries. Bat this stupendous work, tliaj Ho had thus begun, p^ose tributaries drain u vast region of terri- He did not quite complete, lw*s fininlied l.y Hi* tor y no i reached by the great river itself, and Son, ' : the produce floated down them to the Missis- n* nude the loftv gate*, and suffered, oh nliat ajppl finds its natural and easy outlet by the j ( | ” : Father of Waters to the sea. So with the rail- i His I way system devised by our predecessors. By constructing side lines at convenient points : on the trank roads, they could be made to an swer every purpose subserved by the tributa ries to the Mississippi. Every section of the State might be penetrated, and a cheap and ex peditions communication opened np to the peo ple and their produce. The streams of trade Tho’ much, indeed, they ltkod tho grand “redomp- and travel, taking their rise in the mountains tion plan ” amt remote parts of the State, wonld gradually Scorning Him, they said, ‘that He was not tl.o grow swell in volume, until they reached A» with His bleeding hands, no linn;; thorn on I Indeed it was a task, Ho gave his Son to do,— With a rebellions world resting on Him, too; And all its iniquities pressing on Him sore,— Whose site, and its revilings, patiently heboio. tne main lines or channels, into which they . . , .. _ , wonld pour their rich and varied contributions, And alien they crucified Him, little did tnoy dream, to |je transported still more rapidly and cheaply They helped Him to complete the grand rederap- | u t g rea t centres and marts of trade. tion scliemo; • 4. It was showo, lastly, that this Bystem was And gazing on Him still, with hatred nudiuiinisli’d, established and these roads were projected by As lie in ancniHli cried, ‘’Xis finfchod-it is fin- onr own people, and built by their own hand*, . . , T „ and paid for by their own hard-earned money li,,ca ’ und honest sword, and that they are owned upon ISta.of Hi.{£ birth; tax payers of Georgia, and a subscription was And while, with streaming rye*, she' s*w the deed authority of the Legislature to the At- « as ilono, lantic and Gulf Road. These were believed to H* Mi.l to her, “behold the anguish of tliy Son!— Bo exceptional cares, though it remains “to be With accents r til! divine,—while clamor* filled tho seen, if not by us, at least by our posterity, whether this departure from the rule of leaving all matters of a merely business character to Did 11 o commit her to His “loved dirdph s’” priviUo en ( 6rp rise was wise or unwise. And when llo deeper felt tho tron piereo Ilia This much by way refreshing the recollection eonl,” of the reader. Let us now resume our histor Tho tun, moon and etnre were like a “blackened £ cfd rev icw of the railroads in Georgia. scroll,”— • When the Central, the Georgia and Monroe, Hi* mothcr’a boer.m heaved, tho earth began to (now Macon and Western,) companies under- nnafce , took to build their respective roads, they were He cried, “mv Ood, my God, why dost Thou mo enomroged by the LegislationoftheStato to ' 1 proceed m the fiice of obstacles apparently in- forsak e? .‘surmountable. The Act of 183G, providing for As man, He eccnnd to doubt Hw blessed Futhei » tho cons tr UC tion of the Western and Atlantic love; ! road as a State work, virtually gave a public At God, resigned his soul to Him who reign’d above, j p j e age to the companies just named—then the And in the presence of that vast assembled host. ! only companies building roads—that the State 1 would build a railway from the eagtern side of ! the upper Chattahoochee to the Tennessee, and ' would assist the companies undertaking to join tho State work at its southern terminus. With out a continuous line of railroad leading from IT* ciied again to God, then yielded np the ghost. Lekork. (To he continued.'] Colkge HiU', Macon, March 4th. M. Oi.t.tvibh’bspeech at a political banquet in Darig, on Monday night, urged all political par ties to give the ministry assistance, and because errors which had been committed, not to A Sep aloof. He predicted that, in spite of diffi culties and accidents unforseen, the ministry would yet succeed. Ihe liabilities of the Liverpool and Manches- ter cotton speculators, whose failures have been announced by cable, are estimated at- not less than five million dollars. A deer dish—venison. tho Chattahoochee to the sea, it was seen that the Western and Atlantic road would be value less. Hence, the law promised a million of dol lars to the companies named in the act to assist them in forming the connection allnded to. The companies knew and acknowledged the value of a passage through the mountains. The policy at that time was for the State to build a part, and the private companies a part of a great railroad line from the Northwestern section of Georgia to the Southeastern section at Savannah, and also lines to Augusta and Co lumbus, uniting with tho navigable streams which bound the State on the east and on the west. Columbus failed to meet the State work. Milledgville never made the attempt The lines from Savannah, Maoon and Augusta, and the State road, were completed and joined, after years of labor and expenditure of many mil lions of dollars. Thus was begun and estab lished, as we have heretofore seen, the basis of a Railway System for Georgia. The State built ita road but never redeemed ita pledge to the private companies, who had to rely solely on their own limited means. It may well be asked, whether the compa nies between Savannah and Atlanta, and be tween Augusta and Atlanta, would have been able to accomplish their work, or would even have begun it, if it had been imagined that the State would ever in coming time grant aid to build railroads as rivals to or competitors with their lines. And it may truly be answered that they never oould. The system bo established was soon greatly improved by individual enterprise. The East Tennessee and Georgia Road, the Rome Road, the Atlanta and West Point Road, the Muscogee Road, the Augusta and Savannah Road, the aide roads to Milledgeville and Eatonton, to Athens, to Washington, and to Thomaston,were built in perfect harmony with the system. The South western Road leading to Albany, to Fort Gaines and to Eofntda, harmonized with the system. The Atlantio and Gnlf Road, and the Brunswick and Florida Road as originally projected, were in accordance with it. These roads, with such other side lines as might become neoessaxy in the future, constituted almost a perfect system. Certainly no other State in the Union could then present a better one. A road running due South from Albany to Tallahassee, and on to the east ern end of St. George’s Sound on the Gulf, where there is said to be a good harbor, would have improved the system. This road would have crossed the Atlantio and Gnlf Road about midway between Thomasville and Bainbridge, and would have put the Gulf of Mexico, Middle Florida, and onr own Southwestern oonnties in easy and direct communication with the interior of the State, and our whole system of railroads. For some years proceeding the war, a system atic effort was made through the Legislature to disturb, if not to break np the Railway System here set forth and described. This was to be done by committing the State to the policy of general State aid to railroad enterprises. Aid was sought for one enterprise and then for another, and the most specious reasons were of fered for eaoh one of them. The great majority of our people, however, turned their faoes like flint against a policy which was at once so haz ardons and so uDjust. In those days our pros- jerity was unexampled in any part of the world. Peace prevailed in all onr borders; money was abundant; our labor was efficient and reliable; our crops requiring transportation were almost twice as heavy as they are now, and if there was any need of increased railway facilities it was greater then than now, on account of the larger freighting and passage business then offering. But this business, heavy as it was, was easily performed by the then existing railroads, and as these roads had nearly all been constructed by private capital, the Legislature, then happily free from the rule of bayonets and aliens, stead ily relnsed to embark upon the dangerous ca reer to which it was so persistency invited. It is only since the war that this wise policy has been abandoned. In our better, and purer, and more prosperous days, when public offices were bestowed upon men of integrity and ability, when our Legislature was free from the suspicion of corruption, and the bench was occupied by judges whose character and attainments lifted them high above the multitude—in those hap pier times, when Justioe, Wisdom and Modera tion were the motto of our State government and the rale of conduct among oar people—it was deemed wisest and best by all concerned to leave to individual enterprise and capital the the work of constrncting iutemal improvements and opening up avenues of trade and travel, and developing the resources of our rich and teeming soil. What, it may be asked, has produced the change in this respect, which is now so painfully manifest in the conduct of our public affairs ? Is there anything in the general condition of the country to authorize it? Is our State govern ment more firmly fixed and more wisely admin istered ? Are onr people richer, and onr crops larger, that railway transportation cannot be provided fast enough without calling in the aid of the tax-payers of the State ? Is there any thing in the financial condition of the State and the people to justify the fatal polioy into which both are now sought to be dragged ? The idea seems to be getting possession of the publio mind, that the State, if secured be yond all doubt, may endorse the bonds of rail road companies to any extent, without danger to the public weal. Nothing conld be more er- roneoos. Let it be admitted, for the sake of the argument, that through the personal respon sibility of the stockholders, fastened upon their whole property as a mortgage,or by other means the State oould not lose by its endorsement, and yet it is plain that public wealth might be great ly impaired by the grant of the State's credit Railroads which do not pay are injurious to the public welfare. If capital, whether famished by the State or by individuals, be buried with out hopes of return, the publio wealth is lessen ed by the sum of that capital. Other interests, agricultural, mechanical and miscellaneous,have so much of the publio means abstracted from them, and thus double injury is inflicted on the people. Railroads which do not pay, will never be kept in order, and cannot, for any length of time, be kept at all by the original owners. They may be sold under execution, and thus oome in to the hands of new owners at so low a figure as to be revived, and be remunerating. But in Suoh case the capital of the proje-.tors is gone forever, and its flight can be traced only by the tears of rained men and women. There is something exciting in the idea of competition and rivalry. In no department of the busy world is this exeitement stronger than in the matter of transporting passengers and produce by means of railways. In many of the States north of us experience baa shown what evils spring from too great encouragement of competition. The general blessings conferred by well managed railroads are acknowledged on every hand; and yet the road to rain may be aa sure by the iron rail aa by any other of the thou sand ways which lead in that direction. Is it not enough to leave the means of anoh competi tion and excitement to those who desire to pro mote them? Why should the State be embarked in the strife ? The policy of State aid, if once fastened npon us, would invite and encourage this rivalry and excitement, to the irreparable injury of thousands of her people—of that por tion of her people, too, who, by their enterprise and their private pecuniary means, first brought to the State her glory and honor and power. Is there nothing due fromthe State to that people? Having risen to our present high position, shall we kick from under us the friendly ladder by which we have ascended? In other words, shall we, by disturbing the railway system of onr fathers, and by an unjust use of the taxes wrung from the labor of an over bnrthened people, build up rival linea not demanded by the business of the country, and thus rain the pio neers in the great work of internal improve- ment? But the subject opens np so widely that we must reserve further reraatk for another time. Hxstobicus. LETTER FROM WASHINGTON. Fate of Bia|haai’s Amendment IHtnbtfnl— Dentraetivea Refuse Be!*—The Agricultu ral Department—Funding and Army Bills —The Female Bohemians. Washington, March 12, 1870. Editors Macon Telegraph and Messenger : Georgia is having a respite to-day. The Geor gia bill had been made the special order, but the Senate having exhausted itself over the funding bill adjourned to Monday, when the battle of Bollock against Georgia will commence. It is doubtful now upon whoee banner victory will perch. Bollock and Butler arc lobbying industriously and openly on the Senate floor, to the great disgust of lookers on. It is to be hoped thht when it/oomes to a vote Senators will re sent this impertinenOS^If they do not they will but seal their own degradation. Forney’s Chronicle teems daily with lie* editorial and lies Weekly Rename or Foreign A Shim. fbzpabed ran th* TKxaosim nut Gbxax Barraih.—In the Lower Hoorn the Irish land tenure bill was debated. The Irish members, at a private meeting, have adopted e resolution to pxoftaee amendments to the'bill without opposing it generally. Gladstone, blinding to the Fenian, prisoners, declared that they were eepermted from the ordinary criminals and received a noth better treatment. The wife of O'Donovan Roam had been permitted to visit her 1* Kh mH where she had congratulated him on —r of his improved appearsnoe. [Laughter.] There are roman afloat that the government intends to suspend once more the act of hshnns corpus in Ireland. There is little hope left for the safety of the the a eatnahip “City of Bruton ” The steamer “Braid,” which was sent from Halifa'l to cruise for the ill-fated vessel, has returned without any result. In Europe they give her np m HipH lost, and the insurance companies decline any telegraphic in the interest of Bollock, while the insurance on her altogether. As no floating Republican says nothing. One is believed to shipwrecks have been met with, it is probable be the pud organ of Bullock, and the other is ] that the “City of Boeton" foundered on the not. This makes the difference. The Bullock ; high sea with everything on board. ' ' party profess to be sanguine as to the result of j Fuakcs.—At a political banquet Fmiia oili- the contest in the Senate over Mr. Bingham’s j vier made a manly speeoh in which he called amendment, bat have backed down when bets . upon all parties to support the ministry. He have been offered. On the whole they look t urged them not to keep aloof because mistake* rather blue, and I sincerely hope they may have ; had occurred, but to point out the road to ini- cause to look blue. You will no doubt have • provements. He expressed his conviction that the result by telegraph before this letter reaches j the ministry would still suoeeed. A society you. _ , f called the “Friends of Order” has been organ- H&viDg ft few moment s leisure yesterday I ! jzed for the purpose of opposing reYolutio&ftry paid abrief visit to the Agricultural Department, ' riots in Paris. to me one of the most interesting places in or j Eight hundred conscripts made a revolution- about Washington. Not the least important, ary demonstration by marching in a line and branch of the Agricultural Department is the ; with a crape banner at their head to the office iT£Ktiaiisr taftiy te Life Dfmnadt their General Vie. From the Feu York Evening Post. The Railroad Cowmisasonen of the State of Me—chneetts have made e report upon the use of steel rails in this oountry. They addressed e circular to the oBoera of all the railways in the country, asking them if they seed such rails; when they began to nee them; the weight A Behais la the VraHhUaaAwef Bepetiw Ww BeMl Agieifn I The offiei*} short-hand reports of the pro cecdings of the French Corps Legiaktit are still as incomplete and nnreKabie aa ever be fore. A Belgian paper gives the following per yard; the relative ccet of steel and iron account of the terrible row which took piece breakage, and several other questions of simi- which the Journal Official del Empire gives larimpost. r but a very meagre account; twenty of which had not used ateela, and eleven *? ent i Chamber knows that our raten- had tried them only experimentally, bat snffi- , tione— , eientiy to pronounce them superior to iron rails. ‘ . Jules Favre Don t speak of your mien- Twenty-six roads had laid ateel track in amounts bousl You ere truckling to the court, sad from 100 to 15,000 tons, and their reports were i befving your past I ■ favorable to the use of such rail*, especially: President Schneider—M. Jules Fat*, I where the track is subject to heavy service, j have not beard what you said, but your (X- Up to February of this year, the entire amount cited gestures plainly indicate that you viola- ot steel track laid in this oountry is 49,^00 tons, ■ tad the order of debate. [Denials on the left, equal to 618 miles of railway. Of these rails cheers on the right and in the center ] Let some were manufactured in Europe and others the Minister of Justice proceed without fur- in this country, and the cost, delivered here, i t her interruption varied from W per cent, more to t little over j M Qilivier—I shall always be proud of 100 per cent, more than the cost of iron rail* I having belonged to the “Five” of 1857. [Tu- ehemical division, though it doubtless receives ! of “La Marseillaise,” where they halted to «»«g less attention than it deserves. The appropria- that famous revolutionary song. The polios tions have been so exceedingly small that the did not attempt to interfere with the procession, division has bad many difficulties to contend j The press blaims the government for with- with; but its pre&ent usefulness can hardly be holding any particulars respecting the pretend- over-estimated. A chemical library is being ed conspiracy against the State and the Emperor, collected aa rapidly as possible, and a valuable ■ Seven members of the editorial staff belong- nucleus has already been gathered. The min- i D g to “La Reforms” have been sentenced to oral collection, though small, is valuable and in- from one to four months’ imprisonment, and to teresting. It is intended this shall be extended pay & fine in addition for having violated the so ob to embrace specimens of soils, marls, min- press regulations. erals, etc., from all parts of the country. Many- Bazire, attached to “La MarseilUise,” was experiments have been made by the chemists * sentenced to three months’ imprisonment be- of the Department with the sug-.r beet. Last cause he had cheered the Republic in the pree- year twelve varieties were planted, and analyzed e nce of the Emperor. for the purpose of ascertaining their relative su- ; Henan, the writer of “La Vie de Jesus," has gar producing qualities, the kind of soil best been re-instated in his office as Professor at the suited to their growth, etc. I saw here speci- College de France. mens of beet root sugar from Chatsworth, Illi nois, where after expending ten hundred and It is positively asserted that Darn, the Min ister for Foreign Affairs, baa sent a note to fifty thousand dollars, a company formed there Rome, protesting against the Papal Syllabus, for manufacturing beet sugar, abandoned tie undertaking. This loss and subsequent failure might have been arrested had the company con sulted a competent chemist. One great cause of this failure to establish a new industry was the nature of the soil in which the beets were planted. An analysis made at the Department showed that the soil was much too rich, and contained too great a proportion of potash salts for the successful cultivation of the sngar beet. Had earlier application been made to the De partment the large expenditure of the company to no purpose might have been saved. This is one indication of the value of the chemical di vision to the country at large. A series of experiments are now in progress with sumac, with a view to ascertaining the com parative value of the American and Foreign tinman. The former sells for about $35 per ton, and the latter fur double as ntuoh or $200 per ton. The experiments thus far show ns large a per centage of tannin in the Americau Sumac as in the Sicilian. An analysis is being made of the sweet po tato to show the proportions of starch and hu- gar it contains, the Tesnlt of which may lead to the establishment of new branches of industry. Mexico sends here a jalap root, desiring to know its value as compared with other jalap roots, from which is extracted the medicine so generally used. Also, specimens of earth from which the Mexicans make soap. Experiments are shortly to be made witti ce reals grown in the different States of the Union, for the purpose of ascertaining their compara tive food valae. The result of all experiments and analyses of interest appear in the reports of the Department, and are thus disseminated far and wide for the information of the people. The chemical division of the Agricultural De- , Th* Monument to Stonewall Jackson. Ex-Governor Letcher, of Virginia, has pub lished a statement respecting the proposed monument to Stonewall Jackson, saying £50,- 000 is needed, and that no local or sectional views restrict the scheme—that it is national in its design and the North has oordiaUy re sponded to the appeal, and *he East and the West are moving. It is proposed to erect a memorial ohapel in the Military Institute in Lexington, and, should the funds collected permit, a statute in bronac or marble, “to transmit to coming generations the features, form and expression of one whoee name and virtues are alike known and honored through out the civilized world, and who was a bright exemplar of whatever was true and noble, and of good report among men 1" aud intimating that France, by the proclamation of Papal infallibility, might be induced to with draw her troops from Rome. Nobth GELMAN Gokfedkeatiox.—The latest picture of Wilhelm vouKaulbacb, the celebrated painter, has attained a rapid celebrity, not only from its intri it>io merits but also from the in trigues by which the clerical party baa suc ceeded in stopping its exhibition at Munich. The artist, wishing to represent a gloomy epoch of humanity, chose his subject from the dark records of the Holy Inquisition. Peter Arbues, a Grand Inquisitor, is celebrated for his meroi- less raging against all heretics. The picture represents bun as a tottering old man, whose face betrays the most implacable religious fa naticism. Two monks and various officials of the Inquisition complete the session of the holy office. Arbues has just issued from the portal of the gloomy building and pauses under the statue of the Mater Dolorosa to pronounce judg ment upon a family of heretics who are kneel ing before him. The rage imprinted on hit features would aloue suffice to show that the supplicants bad little to expect from his mercy, even if he did not point with his crutch to the fire smouldering in the back ground, and filling the whole scene with smoke. He leans on the two monks, one of whom has a highly sensual expression of countenance, while the face • f the other is marked by gloomy fanaticism. A third monk is employed in gathering together the confiscated property of the heretics, and a long procession bearing the form of the crucified Sa viour are escorting condemned prisoners to the stake. The groups of inquisitors are said to be excellently conceived and executed. Spain.—Carlistic disturbances are' again re ported from Aragon and Segovia. The question “Who ehall be king?” is not pertinent costa the Government but $3(100 per inch nearer ils solution thXH six months ago. annum. Only two persons are employed—Prof. The members of the government disagree on Antisel, chemist, and Dr. Tilden, assist tut this point as much as ever, chemist; while there is work for at least a dozen Admiral Topete is the only adherent of the chemists and as many clerks. Letters and spa- Duke of Montpensier in the Cabinet. When, cimens for analysis pour in from every quarter, therefore, Prim seized again an opportunity of Many speoimens of mineral ore are reoeived, declaring his opposition to the Duke as King of some of which require several days’ attention, Spain, Topete ielt offended and tendered his re- and for which no charge is made. If the Gov- signation. He was, however, finally prevailed eminent is really bent on economy it should upon to remain in office. take measures to release the Agricultural Bu* i Queen Isabella is spending her immense for- reau of much of this work, and allow the chem- tu n6 a t the rate of five millions in eighteen i&ta to devote themselves exclusively to agricul- months. As this extravagant way of living may tural chemistry. As no charge is made for an- even waste an enormous fortune, Francis of alycing specimens sent in, their number is im- Assisi, her royal consort, ha*deemed it prndent mense; and it would perhaps be as well, if, ss to seize his wife’s personal property to save the I remarked before, the Government really | infants of Spain from penury. In the mean- means economy, to impose a small fee in such i time the parties at war have come to an under doses sufficient to cover the cost of labur and standing, and a court of arbitration in Paris will material expended. t settle the differences between the royal couple, Congress progresses slowly with the work he- amioably. Dissipation seems to be oontagions fore it; and the result will either be an unn6u- j a t ^ at quarter. The Countess of' Girgenti, a ally long session, or what is quite as probable, daughter of Isabella, has preferred suit against important bills will be hastily rushed through at. ji er husband for squandering her dower. The the eleventh hour, resulting in much crude and Conn* of Girgenti is a brother of the Ex-King unwise legislation. Two important bills have j of Naples, now living in Rome, been disposed of this week so far as one branch | The Cortes has granted the proeeeution of the of Congress is concerned. _ The Senate has Bishop of Santiago passed the Funding bill, which has been the Italy.—The news from Rome is nninterest- bane of the re|>orter8, (he horror of those who ingj. The Infallibilists are endeavoring to carry visit the Senate galleries for amusement, and tjj e proclamation of the dogma by every posai- the bore of Senators themselves; and it now , ble means, but the opposition is gaining ground, goes to the House. Gen. Logan has carried j t j 8 diffioult to predict the final decision of the through the House, without division or impor- , Council. The eduoaied classes in Europe, ee- tant amendment, the bill reported by him from ‘ peeiafly in Germany, are greatly opposed to the Military Committee for the recitation of the p apB i infallibility. Numerous addresses of con- army. The bill reduces tho army in numbers ■ gratulation have been sent to Doellinger for his and pay some thirty-three per cent, and is re- ; famous and elaborate protest against infallibUi- garded as substantially a Democratic triumph, ty from all parts of Germany. King Ludwig; of The fate of this bill in the Senate is, however, Bavaria, has written a letter to the champion, considered doubtful. Such is the Congressional 1 learned professor urging bits to continue in de record for the week, closing to day. In reality, i fending the State against the undue influence bnt four days out of the seven are devoted to G f the Church. national legislation. The Senate rarely meets j The address of infallibility presented to the on Saturday, and the House only for buncombe * p ap g was only signed by two American bishops, speech-making; and Monday is private bill, The Armenian Catholics, who have so em- day. This leaves but four days in which to at- phatioslly protested against the supremacy of tend to the business of the country, and tho : Borne by declining to acknowledge the anthori- daily sessions average about four hours' dura- ty Q f t h e ir Patriarch, have been exeommuni- tion. Of these four hours at least three are de- d by the Pope. The Turkish Government voted to personal explanations aud personal j hna presented them.with a mosque ia Constant!- controversies. This leaves four hours per week i no pja f or their religious service. The Pope The Eastern Railroad, in Massachusetts, tea four hundred and ten tons of steel rails,' weigh ing from fifty-six to sixty pounds per yard, at a cost of $150 per ton, against iron at $80 per ton at the same time. These were laid in Septem ber, 1808, and July, 1809, have stood the sever est tests, and are apparently as good as new now. The Boston and Maine Company pnt down a mile of such track, which shows no per- oeplible wear. . Mr. Georg6 Stark, manager of the Boston and. Lowell road, does not think, after experiments, that publio safety or the interests' of the; rosd wonld be promoted by exchanging iron rails of the best quality for steel. He writes that the manufacture* of steel is liable to quite as much imperfection as the manufacture of iron; that slight imperfection*, comparatively harmless in iron, are fatal to steel: that the rails cost more than they are worth; and that they cannot be re-rolled, as iron rails can. In this last objec tion the commissioners think that Mr. Stark is mistaken, as reoent experiments show that old rails and the “stub ends” of new rails have been re-rolled successfully. The Boston and Albany road has laid 1,200 tons, equal to twelve miles, since 1805, and finds that the steel rails were in good order after three and a half years, at points where iron rails did not last uue year, tieventy-one rails have broken. The Boston and Providence road has laid and used, since 1865, fifteen miles of steel track. Oue hundred daily trains have passed over these rails, yet the track shows no signs of wear, while iron rails on the same road have been renewed thirteen times. The coat was 100 per cent more than for iron. The manager remarks that steel rails must be per fectly rolled, as the slightest flaw may occasion them to break like icicles. The Old Colony and Newport Road bought a few tons of steel rails in 1861, at a cost of $90 in gold per ton, against $75 in currency for iron; these rails have outworn five renewals of iron rails. The Vermont Central reports favor ably on thence of steel rails to a limited extent since 1867. The President of Ogdenabnrgh and Lake Champlain Road thinks that steel rails at $140 per ton, are cheaper than iron rails, which must be removed once in seven years. The managing director of the Grand Trank Railway approves of steel tails and has tried them satis factorily, bat says: “We do not propose at present, to relay any portion of the Portland line, which is in the United States, with steel Tails owing to the excessive cost which that measure would involve, from the high duties now rnlinginyour country upon imported steel. ” The remaining roads mentioned in the com missioners’ report are in different parts of the United State*; their managers in general report in favor of the use of steel rails, and U6sert their decided superiority over iron, especially where severe servic e is necessary. From all these reports from all sections of the oountry the commissioners deduce : 1. That extremes of temperature do not injuriously af fect sieel rails. 2 That their durability far ex ceeds that of the best iron. 3. That heavy grades and sharp curves do not materially affect the wear of steel rails. 4. That the rails should be inspected, with a view to the detection of flaws, before layiDg, thereby obviating risks to life and property. 5. That holes in the rails for spiking them down should be drilled; not punched. Steel welded on iron bases are approved. Of 21,786 such rails, made at Trenton, and laid on the Erie road, only 107 proved defective. Ex periments show the comparative strength of steel and iron rails to tie as 5 to 3, and the com parative stiffness at 4 to 3. Steel rails are needed to meet the requirements of locomotives, the weight of which has been more than doub led since their first use in this oountry. Exoept for heavy traffic, they say it is not necessary to nse steel rails, if only care is taken to select the beet iron ones. It is more economical to nee steel rails, if they cost not over fifty per cent, more than iron ones, but the present and proposed tariff most be reformed before the for national legislation. When the daily cost of Congress to the oountry is summed up and set against this four hours’ weekly service, it will be found that the people pay very dearly indeed for their Congressional whistle. Among the lady correspondents now in Wash ington are Mrs. Grace Greenwood Lippincott, has sent Monsignore Plugin to the East with a view of repairing the schism. Jabno. The Income Tax.- The Washington Republican has “good an thority for Baying that there will be important (O. G., of the New York Tribune,) Mrs. Briggs, j mod iQ ca ti ona . in the income tax, made by the (“Olivia,” of Forneys Press,) Mrs. Mary „ ... ■ . . „ _ ., . Clemmer Ames, (of the New York Independ- . Committee of Ways and Means, which will go ent,) Miss tiherly Dare Dunning, and Mrs. Har- far to remove the objections entertained against riet Prescott Stafford. I this law by the business men of the' oountry, Mrs. D. P. Bowera closes an engagement at j am whioh be the removal of the clause the National Theatre to-night, bhe was pro- .... - ... - vented from appearing on Monday last by ill- j authorizing informers, ness, and has only appeared daring the last ~ three nights. She has not had very good houses; while the Chapman Sisters, “the violets of the stage,” the inimitable Bishop, have had crowds of visitorsnightiyatWaU’s Opera House. Owen announces an engagement at the National Monday evening. Dalton. Hew Orleans Cotton Statement* From the Pioaynns, of Sunday, we quote the ootton statement of that point np to Satur day, the 12th instant: Stock on hand Sept 1, 1869......(bales) 770 Arrived since last statement. 2,564 Arrived previously. 923,753-926,317 927,087 Cleared to-day ....<,........2,551 Cleared previously and burnt...687,781-690,332 8tock an hand and on shipboard............236,755 A. Washington letter of Thursday says: “The cadetship stir-about is producing re sults already. Colonel Prosser, Representa tive from the Nashville District, has instruct ed the head of the colored schools in Nash vil!e to call for * competitive examination among the colored reholars, and will give his nomination to West Point Academy to the best scholar among them. Persons interested in seeing the West Point Military 8chool broken np are exultant over the recent no tion of Radical Representatives in this re-' gsrJ." Thee* hundred and thirty-seven doctors e| medicine were graduated last week in PhiledgW phis, by four colleges, inelading fourteen by the Women's Mescal College, end 1W by the Jefferses Medical CoQaga. Whewl • A-;; %?• iM&ii - -sf: liv; i ‘ >1 niultuoutr interruptions on the left, j M. Gambetia—The men who eketed you then, now repudiate and despise you! President—I call you to order, M. Gsmbet- ta 1 [Cheers on the right, laughter on the left.] M. Gambetia—I only state aliiatcrieal fact You had better call history to order, Mr- Pres ident [Loud applause on the left Noisy in terruptions on the right ] M. Ollivier— Your intemperate and unjust interruptions can not make any impression on me— Jules Ferry—No, all you care for is office, office, and big pay ? [Cries of “order 1 or der 1"] President—Sit down, M. Ferry 1 I call yon to order 1 Jules Ferry—That isanhonor tome. [Sev eral members on the right rise and demand a renewal of the call to order.” Piesident—I beseaeh you, gentlemen, to be quiet Let the orator proceed. M. Ollivier—My father taught me— Gamier Pages—Don't speak of your father. He i- a Republican. What right have yon, a renegade, to refer to him? M. Ollivier—M. Gamier Pages has no right to speak to me in that manner. President—It is inexcusable on the part of M. Gamier Pages. [Loud cheers on the right] Peiletan—Cali M. Ollivier to order, Mr. President, for slandering hi* father, Demos thenes— [Loud noise in the hall, which drowns the voice of M. Peiletan. and goe* on fur several minutes. The President rings his bed for some time.] President—Order, gentlemen. Take your seats! Let us bring this unpleasant incident to a o!o*e 1 [Very good! very good I on the right] Jules Favre—Of court*, you always want to stifle dkcudsioa when it' does not suit you. [ Hisses ih the center.] Pre-ident—Order 1 once more, order! ML O liver—This unqualified attack on me will not td.eoce me \V hen his Majesty, the Emperor— (lainbelts [-ner-ringlyl—His Majesty! Oh. courtier, courtier 1 [Calls to order.] P.< sident—Do not interrupt the speaker. Olliver—When the Emperor— Peiletan—You mean Bonaparte ? K- ratry—The hero rf Boulogne? Grenier de Ca-«igiiac—And of Magenta? [Loud laughter on the left.] * Jules Favre—No, of Strasburg I Relmontet—Thi* is abominable ! J ules Ft-rrv—Don’t mention that man here any more. [Nearly the whole right rises and utters loud shouts of indignation ] President—If these interruptions do not cease I shall be obliged to suspend the rittmg. No further interruptions will be tolerated. [ "Very good,” in the center ] M. Olliver—Why all this excitement? I was going to say that, when the Emperor— Gambetia—Yes, when the Emperor paid you for your treachery to the Democracy by —[Tumultuous calls to order.} .1 ules Favre—That is so. Garnier-Pages—History proves it. Ollivier—I indignantly deny that I ever violated my pledges. Jules Ferry—Until Bonaparte made you his minister? Oh, no, you aid before 1 President—This is intolerable. The Minis ter must absolutely be allowed to go on. Ollivier-—Oh, let them go on. I do not care. Gambetia—You do not care for anything. Jules Ferry—Exoept office. . [The noise at this moment becomes so deafening that noth ing can be heard any longer.] M. Ollivier—(When silence is established at refhto use of steel rails in this country can beoome , * These in brief are the conclusions of the j 1 & *) I hurl back your accusations, commissioners, who are Messrs. James O. ! Girnter-Pagee But you cannot Converse, Edward Appleton and Charles | them. ... . .. a F. Adams, Jr. Their report furnishes still; President—Another interruption, M. Gar- farther evidence of the injury which !* done to ' nicr-Pages, and I shall call you to ordert the general interests of the country by the mo- ]. Briet is at last restored, Mid M. Ollivier M nopolist tariff, which makes steel rails^so nn- : allowed to proceed, necessarily dear as to check their use. There is no donbt that the saf6fy to life on railroads de- { manda the general nse of steel rails. But the ; The Chicago Republican is a little Blodgett. The Chicago RepubKcsu ia a duty on *teii rails ha* made them *o dear that upon p3 Utic»l friend Foster Blodgett, Uni- while, as will be seen, they are laid over the . , _ . *, v. Canadian part of the Grand-trunk line, the 1 ^ States^ Senator eket from Georgia. It is managers of that road cannot afford to lay them j true the distinguished ‘Senator is under at in the United States. Thus the monopolists in ; indictment for perjury, bnt we leave it to the Iron and steel actually endanger aud sacrifice j . » , • the lives of the traveling public, to fill their own i ®* n did reader to tay u IH tact jesufics the pocket-*. ] Republican in talking about him thus: A document of tho House of Represetita- JudgeCHlmnleeNells^Another RedI- vZSSuSZ In the Constitution, of yesterday, we find the j following. - | contest the seat of Jo-hua Hui in the United A dispatch from Atlanta to Washington eity ; g^tes Senate, served twelve month* ie the having stated that a Convention of the Demo- TCbel ]tf r . Blodgett hionrff testiles. eratao party of Georgia will be called by a ms- under that fae enlist for twelve months' jonty of the Executive Committee, tn the event l_. .i tj; l of the passage of the bill for the admission of ^thT^’Hk eSnrtfothrf^ Georgia with Bingham s amendment, the under-! M,,vou A "T!;, tT . i ,»■ signed, ss Chairman of the Executive Commit- - proper® was liable to beerafiseatod and him* toiL deems it due to troth to say that no each sell and family were exposed to dangers from AMU iaxonUmplAtod by any member of the Com-. the rebel populace^ wbioa eoald only be evert- mittee, so far as he is apprised. No member of ; ed by bis enlisting in the Confederate service, the Committee, or other person, has requested ■ Supposing all that Mr. Blodgett says to bs him to convene the Committee to consider the . true, how does it make him superior to Joshua propriety of calling a Convention—nor will he, Hill, who was exposed to the asms dangers a* voluntarily, do so, as he knows of no necessity Mr. Blodgett ana yet never found it nwee.wary for snch a Convention at present, and is opposed to take UP arms against the United State*. to calling one. E. G. Cabanxss, „ Ohm n Ex Com. Dem. Party of Ga. : Ha art nr NATHANIEL RoTBSCBILB, * dietin' — gnished member of the fen^v family of mv r vv° m v U “*^ r 5* wealthy bnnkerx died m Pari* on February The Lynchburg News, of Monday says: I jf t h.He was the third sou of Baron Ns- About a dozen negro members (so-called) of ♦!,««. Rothschild, and was bon iu >812, tut) the Georgia Legislature passed through this ; n ]g42 married his cousin, Charlotte, das^h- rrfty Saturday morning, en ronte to Washington, ter Q f Baron James Rothschild. Qaroa to assist Bullock and hi* clique rf dirty Radicals j ame ^ who died not langago, wasfkmona for to defeating the Georgia bOt now pending be- his imiaeMC wealth: but Baron NatharfeS, it fore the Senate Borne of the P«*y were h-rd . gtatad was a own of greater mark aaitofor ’sffisst&'SPaZZSh I-? , BM> rrr n YT mantins nuts." If they should happen to camp recently bertem} trfrfiv pstolymd., Akfowgh suywW. in our neighborhood weThorfd keep M«P*bfe h» intoUtat «* a sharp eye no onr old rooetor, tough as he su WrtUmdod and bts brain Mm,. M that his advice eoatmusd to bo received with high. Proceeding* ef the dowth CrtrpMui regard and confidence by the Area. Legislstare, First colored Senator—You're a Ear. Second colored Senator—You’re a thief. Third cpiored Senator—Hold yoor toagne, or yon wifi be in the penitentiary in lean than ninety days. Th* Nashville Union, of Saturday, apt “We learn that on tho return tt eao empty car by the Georgia roods, each krtdnd otto _ sent over by the Nashrife and Ohsttimnogs Fourth colored Senator—If yon don’t dry np roa j | the letter would he *U» to MtaSHU Art we’ll knock hell out of yon _ . ... freight Modtod—MUto, iBtjifrflfc Mr. LeaBo-Mr. President, I do not mind these tatarraptioM. ,81 be done.”