Newspaper Page Text
atf y,aai»..i
•;*■'. ' ; ■ . Jj' ••-. • '.'#.#"*>* •
■■M
gtiin^nm ri iii l ' mm
The Georgia "Weekly Telegraph and Journal &d Messenger.
micrapli and Messenger.
MACON APRIL 19 1670. I
“Ho is a parricide to liis mother’s name.
And with an impious hand smothers her fame
That wrongs the praise of woman; that does write
Libels on Saints, or with foul ink requites
The milk she but lent us.”
In some respects the medical profession has
— . . been for more than a century past, and is still
.1 .VAi I’AI- AUUMtss, under the ban of public condemnation, and to
l W ii iJurriss, 31. D.» of Savannah a certain extent of decided and avowed censure.
ft** I shall here refer to but one of the allegations,
which “alike appropriate (if justatall)to menof
*&"• r‘M,„cort Hall, ilncon, tin. every department of science. I advert to this
charge for the special reason, that without an
. -ivrhVnceitnd FcUmc-Mevibcrt of the explanation, my remarks might be misunder-
|r Vertical Association : stood, and in the opinion of some of my au-
T ■ ‘ ondUme in my professional career, lienee, fix more firmly the objectionable and
rjrthe second uu» jr ... unfounded accusation upon our shoulders. I
I j ace my connection with your Association, refer with boldness to the charge of material
ly ilie opportunity of thanking you for tho ism, as prevalent among medical men, and I
f c iiie appointment to deliver the annual ‘ ** boldly repel the false impeachment. In
Jl£*f i jc irat, when but newly pledged as dpfag
Ijjnrs- iao ’ . , .. 3 .. T TtinnH nf thr nlphtnonlh nnnfiiii |lm
I petitioner, and the second, tho present oc- opinions of medical men, were about equally
I • I hope that I have not sufficient egotism divided between what was termed materialism
I**®" .h it this twice conferred honor was and the agency which vital spihiiilexmiaed over
P 5B?r ; i3 consequence of any individual phenomena.of Ufo in health and disease.
Ii^jtoaci 13 . . J The spiritual doctrines of ffw fifftw lfaBa
I";, i regard it simply as a favor conferred branch and Van Belmont, of the aranteenth
I nroR» : - on of tbe principle sea port of the century, and of Stahl, with slight modifications
I®® * in the c-nrly part of the eighteenth, were preva-
I „,„aaizit'- c, n of societies,or associations of }? nt » Hoffman entered the field of specula-
I for social ends, is a natural demand tionanu advanced his then attractive theory of
individns. lsoUtion carries ^th j t a harsh, “ at , em ] forces. This theory he urged with
of “f^rseteristio, which does not pertain by skill and abffity, guided by no ordinary genius,
selflwi r- Ean _ Ho is essont i a Uy a Boc i a i being; Surely physicians of the present day cannot bo
J“£!e»reiso, association, sympathy, and np- seriously charged with such materialism. This
'Sura of kindly acts when prompted and theory was generated by a speculative but pow-
by the morale which God has given erfnl intellect, the germs of which were watered
ST* Individuality we find alone in the very by the devotion of admiring followers, perhaps
S<- cider of mankind, and in such there can of equal mental grandeur. It was but the off-
Sitope of progress or of civilization. They spring of a speculative mind; the scion of a
ISSs live and die, not as the brutes, for P®» netsplnsioal reasoning, the result of tho
I •; these have societies and governments, ignorance winch then prevailed of anatomy,
feior organization bat with perverted in- physiology and pathology. This(hypothesishas
l E tad faculties. The law, ana nature’s do- J b ?®“ long since buried, with other absurdities
ISil mankind is society, concert of action, ( of ‘ho past, and the waves of Lethe have swept
purpose, and finally the establishment j ° v ® r . i . t for ■ century But there is a mu-
Itsf'L* J l tenalmm of more modern date, with which the
suited to translate this profound question from 'the tympannm or drum of the ear, and it
medical profession is charged. To be accurate,
I quote from Webster : “The opinion of those
who maintain that the Soul of man is not a spir
itual substance distinct from matter, bnt that it
^iridnality precludes all laws, all govern-
JiTotrstmeta every channel to advancement,
S^ais insurmountable obstacles to the estab-
rhLjit of laws or regulations for society. . .. _... . .
t^ssis not only impeded, but nature’s do- ; 18 rt8ldt °7 S*. 0 } 6 organization of
^- advancement is annihilated. Nature’s ' “ a ‘ te . r on ‘be body. This is no less than the
impulses are obtunded, her god-like as- doctrine of Epicurus, and somewhat akin to tho
^ions paralyzed, and man remains bnt little ; vl °w8 advanced by Aristotle, revised and re-
?~ih»nabrute. Society is, therefore, os- ! modeled and set afloat as a new metaphysical
to his well being and happiness. Among Pbdosophy. It originated in error in the past,
uncultivated and savage of human and has been regenerated in a false philosophy
jjL both of ancient and modem times, we of this epoch. .
finta! instincts of mankind manifest a | Even Locke, whilst attempting to establish
**£. “for company, for intercourse, even to bi® pMosoplucal views, that all reasoning must
«** t of apparent sacrifice of individual be false and deceptive, and concisions errone-
^' . or tho common good-this resulting oos unless founded on facts and demonstrated
^wsublisbmentof a form of government trn , th9 > sometimes committed himself to this
protection, though the rules which The sameimay be said of Stewart,
ISd »f be unwritten and rudimentary. ® Alembert, and a host of writers of the same
S,btots of the Fejee Islands, cannibals «P oah . n Ger “ an y, France^and England. In-
iwh^rbe, have heads, or a controlling deed > 11 ma y be appbedto many of the more
n ^ 0 „r tribes or families; the most de- modem authors on metaphysical and psycho o-
uncivilized races of Africa have g“al science. But, however absurd the opin-
S*fL who legislate and promulgate laws for “ns advanced, the failures of great minds are
SwCeut of each tribe. The Esquimaux, often not less instrncUve than their successes;
?£eanderings on the perpetual snows of f. nd tho Um f that “ s P? n ‘ In wandering among
IS regions, and among the ice-clad the mazes of metephysical speculation wiUnot
SoUins of that latitude, have companionship, be wholly lost, if it teach ns that know edge
JfS? mutual rights and privileges. The which it is the end and aim of ah sound philoso-
in ancient daysf and as we now P h J V* lnc < . nlca 1 te > the f kn ? w edge of ourselves
a pin nosseqa a rndi and of onr lacnlues; of what we may and what
StS m foL^of patriarchical government, we may not expect to accomplish; of the laws
SHharever we find mankind, we have pre- f° d . llm ‘ t3 1 “■» u a “ d > T b y consequence, of
4*3^ to us in a more or less perfect system, ?! just claims of faith. I stand not here to
demand for society and concert *** P or indi T ld,lal bnt
Thna thrnnoh thia sustain the fair fame and reputation of onr
tlicuon for “ ntnal 8^ d - T h ° s > tbr °°S b this profession The charg0 of thi3 modem materi .
instituted. alism, that the soul is dependent on and exists
aabluhed and governm L1 , , only in connection with the organization of mat-
l7^ZioZTdes Z hare presented to ter, is popularly entertained Against scientific
SSliund commanding demands. The B3 - a . cla8S . 5 and J* is not . astonishing that
BMoiuonai ana co j this opinion should have gained so general a
fat u that of edne » nrivntA circulation, when anathemas are so often hurled
ta to obum knowledge^ As, a result private 8gaingt th ’ em frQm pulpit8- The position of
iri public ^schools a ... uU , ._ 4 .6® s ® scientists is simply misunderstood by those
on Your association—one of the multitude
of the out-croppings of the grand scheme of
ijiueement and civilization—is a living monn-
aeat to jour energy and zeaL I sincerely hope
that it may be as enduring as its object i3
[ praiseworthy and honorable. I find in the
elevate, refine and civilize. Tb® ism. I risk no'thing, not even the fear of con-
| nw» that nse and fall with the winter tonents tradiction> that no K 8 ’ cicn tifi c physician can be
erthe wmmer drought, b , , conscientiously an atheist. The marvelous works
into being by the genial spring and de- Qf deaj i a Creator are too numerons and
*» dereloMd .. .h. of .J.
ne&ta ot the acts of man.” Some of these wlse First CftU8e ’
■eta, though of less magnitude than others, are, The noon day s sun declares His glory; the
narerilwless, important auxiliaries in their seve- moon by night, and the scintillating stars which
nl departments of civilization, each adding decorate the heavens, proclaim His power and
loeiewhat to its advancement The formation majesty; the multitudinous flowers in their
of medical societies and associations, as with gorgeous array which adorn the hillsides and val-
the social and religions organizations, are fruit- ^ e 7f> announce his existence; the frnits and
fnl sources in promoting the welfare, happiness, yields of the earth force us to acknowledge Him;
mi the God like intellectual endowment of the gentle breezes which waft us healthful and
invigorating gases sing His praises; the won
derful developments ot Animated nature by the
miscroscope, as found in air and water, and
above all the wonderful structure of the human
organism, every microscopical cell or fibre of
__ _ which presents its definite form, relationship
Southern Medical and~ SnrgicaT journal for and office, and the crowning workmanship to
April, 1839, i portion of the history of your as- man > the development of his marvelous brain
locution. This Journal was among the first structure, all declare a Divine and an All-wise
published, or among the pioneers of the chan- designer a God.
Uk established at the South for disseminating As a class, the medical profession will yield
radical knowledge and offering a medinm for to none in the firm conviction of the existence
scqnired information of Southern physi- of an immortal and responsible soul, and of the
Out All honor to those who inaugurated the truths of the Bible as divine revelations. It is
puseworthy enterprise, and grateful thanks to true that in common with other men of science,
who so ably and successfully conducted it they may differ as to the constructions, which
fa more than a quarter of a century. A por- should be placed on some passages of the Bible,
faa of the record is as follows: {with men equally honest and sincere, but it
“In pursuance of a call from the Medical Col- should be remembered that these divisions of
of Georgia and the Georgia Medical Socie- opinions pertain to interpretations of historical
ljof Sirannah, addressed to the practitioners narrations, and not to the spiritual doctrines
* radidne throughout the State, they assem- therein contained. The Bible and its sacred
in convention in the city of Macon on teachings and science are twin sisters, if I may
“Utov, u’Oth of March, 1849.” be permitted to use the analogy. The first,
At this convention of the physicians of the hrdi/, grand, majestic and complete in her pro-
the Medical Society of the State of Geor- portions and beauty; the other, in her present
tans organized. The credit of the organize- state, a dwarf, deformed and comely in person;
J*® f the first Sta.o Society is due to this yet sisters still. The pigmy strength of the
beantila] city. In the same Jonrnal for May, latter, it is true, is not necessary to prove the
J A»,1 £ ad record that the State Society truth and divinity of the first, bnt is an impor-
tat is the city of Atlanta, and the following tant auxiliary to enlighten man’s intellect, refine
!t *totion was passed : his morals, and enable him to find his way
“Unsolved, That tho name of this Society be nearer his and nature’s God. The day has not yet
•towd from tho Medical Society of the State arrived, bnt who can say it will not, that science
Jf Georgia, to the Medical Association of the may become full grown in form and strength,
*Ut« ot Georgia.” and beauty, and demonstrate completely those
Ibis act inaugurated your present body, and disputed points now discussed by investigating
rad# it an auxiliary to the American Medipal minds.
A*odation. At the meeting of yonr body in While science and theology seemingly disa-
Aogasta, in the spring of 18C8, the title was gree, neither, as we understand the matter,
•pia changed, and the “Georgia Medical Asao- attempts to deny the truth of the Bible,
ration" adopted as its cognomen, bnt it still re- No, gentlemen,it will be fonnd, should the time
tootd its position as an auxiliary to the Amcti- ever arrive, and why should it not, in the lapse
*» Medical Association. of ages ? that the stupendous superetrueture of
Fellow members, allow me to exhort yon to science, embracing the universe, with all of its
rankest yonr sincere and unselfish devotion to laws demonstrated and its mysteries understood,
j> interest, and allow no opportunity to glide with astronomy aDd mathematics as the corner
fadlessly by, in which yon may conduce to its stones, and other fix< d branches of universal
iMAmrity and usefulness. In his admirable science as decorative pillars, and still others to
*»«of the Physical Geography of the Sea, fill the niches, to artistically complete the edifice,
'•riry has clearly demonstrated, that the coral Yet the grand and gorgeous edifice, with all its
totM, microscopical in size, in the construction beauty and artistio architecture, would bo re
mits minute habitation, produces an effect on complete until the lovely, symmetrical, twin-
totutrents of tho ocean. May not our organ- figure of Christianity shall crown the Dome,
kuioa, small, it is true, relatively speaking, be with the Bible in her outstretched hand, offer-
with a little influence in aiding tho ing free blessings to mankind. Indeed, the
ravw4 marc i, of Medical Science? Itisarec- scientific views of the present day are the re-
that every department of science verse of materialism. Formerly, the heavenly
to-iaad# gfant strides in progress. I rejoice bodies were supposed to be held in suspension
, toibJe to state with truth, that the science and directed in their courses by solid crystalino
of nedidne is no laggard in tho race. She is spheres. Then succeeded the opinion that these
ia the conflict for advancement with bodies were revolved by ethereal currents. The
“ton, and sustains her fair fame and honorable methodical investigations and demonstrations
flotation. / of immaterial forces by Newton, proved a death
itt mg exhort yon, gentlemen, to continue to knell to these crude theories of the past. “The
tooon&trate yonr dovotion to the best interest course of astronomic science has thus been on
community, yonr love for science and a vast scale to withdraw the attrition from the
^profession, by yonr acts. In so doing you material and sensible, and to fix it on the in-
7®' “ spite of cagnics and opposition, (and visible and sensnons. Frona the boldest ma-
lUunk 1 cannot be considered rash in making leriality we rise at last to a truth of the spiritual
, tatertion,) exhibit a praiseworthy reverence world, of so exalted an order that it has been
!*toe memoirs which crowd the past, reflect said to connect the mmd of man with tho bpmt
“°oor on yourselves and yonr organization, and of God.” Scientific investigations ana inquiries
* ee ° r e the respeot of all good men of the com- are becoming more and more questions of force,
®to«y. Yes, and of women, too. Medical and less and less questions of matter. Heat,
?“> yield to none in thoir admiration, love and light, electricity, etc., were regarded as lmpon-
“Wotion to woman. Not the light, flippant gal- derable elements, bnt now considered as forces
““by : not (h 6 sickly, ostentations display of acting on matter. It was only during the close
us too often witnessed in modem socie- of the eighteenth century that the scientific
‘I > but a pure, a genuine respect and apprecia- mind was prepared to realize the now demon-
a °° of their merits, generated by intimate rela- strated fact, that matter was indestruetable.
?®rahips and communions, refined and gilded What all the sources of past reasoning and phi-
* that mutual and confidential intercourse, losopby had failed to achieve was clearlydem-
~7j®h necessarily exists between wife or mother onstrated by the balance of Lavoisier. Never
j®* family physician. What relationship could anatom is created nor destroyed, though by
J* sacred ? Not only are the physical de- certain agencies or surroundings it may prove
•ragements induced by diseases fully and wire- protean in its forms.
T^edly narrated, bnt the mental pangs created Whilst this is true as to matter, a distangmsh-
"Tdomegtte troubles, which harrow the heart ed modem author says: “The present age will
iJo hbng sorrowafter sorrow to her beautifully be memorable in the history of science for hay-
delicately organized emotional natnre, tin- ing demonstrated that the same great principle
S!?.to all save to herself and her confklenti.il applies also to forces, and for establishing a new
are disclosed. Hard must be tho philosophy concerning >th6ir natnre and rela-
... . . .. naw doctrines of tho correlation
wore hinted
Pbjiieun, r ^
**« and seered the conscience of the physi- rions.” ^ Tho new doctrines of th<
r^i wh° would not lock np the secrets thns of forces and their indestructibility
6 , " l(: ;t in his own bosom, and respect* and at even as far back as the period inf which Gain
Thu***-** 20 with and loro the confiding woman* Jeo Jived, and additional light thrown on them
noblest and purest impulses of the human by JBaeoa and bis cotemporaries. But says a — a «— . , r
^ must irresistibly gush forth in sympathetic nmfiero writer; “It was this country, widely re- into a succession of waves by the hammer on
olHmes to, against' ear/ blank., neatly executed and at very low prices.
the barren to the fruitful field of inquiry. It is
a matter of just national pridedhat the two men
who first demonstated the capital propositions
of pure science, that lightning is but a case of
common electricity, and that heat is bnt a mode
of m otion—who first converted these propositions
from conjectures of fancy to facts of science,
were not only Americans by birth and educa
tion, but men eminently representative of the
peculiarities of American character.” These
were Franklin and Thompson. The first so well
know for his beantifnlly demonstrative experi
ments on electrical force; and the latter for
being he, “who first took the question of the
natnre of heat out of the domain of metaphy
sics, where it had been speculated upon since
the time of Aristotle, and placed it npon the
true basis of physical experiment. ” Whilst it is
true that the new doctrine of correlation and
indestructibility of forces, was more than
hinted at, during the early period of the present
century, yet it bos been but for a comparative
ly few years, that these hints hRve attracted
great attention and been more fully demon
strated. But a short time Gince, Professors
Henry and Leconte, and a host of otuers have ad
ded their mite to the demonstrations of the in
timate relationship and convertibility of physi
cal forces, and even of the relationship between
physical and organic or vital forces. It may be
urged, and perhaps with some propriety, that
this new doctrine is yet undemonstrated, and
therefore a theory. Many of the most brilliant
and utilitarian theories in ancient and modern
times, were at one time ridiculed and stigmat
ized as mere theories. These supposed hypo
theses, have since by investigation, directed by
genins, proven to be correct; other theories by
the light of similar intellectual power have been
shown to be incorrect In the first instance,
the world has gained by those who advanced
the theories, and in tho latter it has certainly
lost nothing. Theories based on scientific
knowledge, to elucidate that which is not under
stood are always serviceable. If they accom
plish nothing more, they at least reaffirm that
which was previously accepted as truth, undthe
hypothetical portion of tho theory arouses the
attention, and sets to work tho intellectual and
thoughtful observer to prove the truth or error
which may be contained in them. Thus tho
very multiplication of theories, though in some
respects erroneous,serves to incite investigation,
and ultimately to demonstrate truth. Truth
may be hidden inthe thirst of theories,bnt as the
theories are incitors to investigation, tho very
demonstration of their errors, tends todevelope
truth. Hence we should be chary, how we ri
dicule them.
The theory of the indestructibility of matter
has become a demonstrated fact and an ac
knowledged principle in physical philosophy.
The theory so considered of the indestructibility
of forces, at the beginning of the present cen
tury, is to-day equally well demonstrated. No
longer is it believed that matter in its organ!
zation developes forces—but rather the physical
forces of an original creation, which act on mat
ter, presenting the phenomena of physical laws
of the universe, and vital forces, which also,
acting on matter, present the phenomena.of or-
ganization or life. If it wa3 possible for the
imagination of man to conceive the utter anni
hilation of matter in all space—or if there had
been no apple nnder the observation of Newton
to bo attracted and no earth to attract, the forco
of gravitation would still have existed. Forces,
like matter, were created, and either exists iu«
dependent of the other. We only know that
forces exist when they act upon matter, and
present certain phenomena to our senses. This
: s the law of the physical forces, and is no less
the law with organic' or vital forces. It is true
that some philosophers of the present day are
attempting to demonstrate that physical and
vital forces are identical, and that both are bnt
different modes of motion. I think I can ven
ture to differ from even so high an authority as
Tyndall, when I have so much authority, equal
ly jnst in mind and attainments in the opposi
tion. He says, “The matter of our bodies is
that of inorganic natnre. There is no substance
in the animal tissues which is not primarily de
rived from the rocks, the water and the air.
Are the forces of organic matter, then, different
in kind from those of inorganic ? All tho phil
osophy of the present day tends to negative the
question, and to show that it is the directing
and compounding, in tho organio world, of
forces belonging equally to the inorganic, that
constitutes the mystery and the miracle of vi
tality.” Tyndall is too great a physicist to ex
cel as a physiologist. These following remarks
on vital forces cannot be accepted in their en
tirety as true, though they seem to contradict
his first position, and sustain the view that phy
sical and vital forces are different: “In dis
cussing the material combinations which result
in the formation of the body and the brain of
man, it is impossible to avoid taking Bide
glances at the phenomena of consciousness and
thought. Science has asked darmg questions,
and will no doubt continue to ask shch. Prob
lems will assuredly present themselves to men
of a future ago, which, if enunciated now,
wonld appear to most people as tho direct off
spring of insanity. Still, though tho progress
and development of science may seem to be
unlimited, there is a region apparently beyond
her reach—a line, with which she does not even
tend to osculate. Given the masses and dis
tances of the planets, we can infer tho pertur
bations consequent npon their mntnal attrac
tions. Given the nature of a disturbance in
water, air, or ether, we can infer from the
properties of the medinm how its particles will
be affected. In all this we deal with physical
laws, and the mind runs along the line which
connects the phenomena from beginning to end.
Bnt when we endeavor to pass, by a similar
process, from the region of physics to that of
thought, we meet a problem, to seize on which
transcends any conceivable expansion ot the
powers we now possess. We may think over
the subject again and again, bnt it elude3 nil
intellectual presentation. Thus, though the
territory of science is wide, it has its limits,
from which we look with vacant gaze into the
region beyond. Let us reduce, if wo can, the
physical phenomena of life to attractions and
repulsions. But having thus exhausted physics
and reached its very rim, tho real mystery yet
looms beyond ns. And thus it will ever loom,
ever beyond the bourne of man’s intellect—
giving the poets of successive ages jnst occa
sion to declare that
“We are such stuff
As dreams are made, our little life
Is rounded by a Bleep.”
Let me illustrate the law of life or organio
force by an example: The grain of wheat taken
from an Egyptian mummy, which is sometimos
found, six thousand years old. Life or germe-
native force, has remained dormant for thou
sands of years—and yet when planted in suit
able soil, it sprouts, grows, and matures into
other grains of wheat. Life is still preserved,
and tho vital act of reproduction of some kind
of grain presents itself to onr senses. No one
conld determine that the grain still possessed
life or germinative power by its appearance, bnt
it is demonstrated by development and growth ;
in other words of the phenomena of life, which
have exhibited themselves. Vital forces, like
the physical, exist independently of matter,
but we can only determine their existence by
their effects on matter. Without matter thoy
would exist, but without matter we would not
become cognisant of the fact. The first and
most simply organized of livingmatter, of which
we are cognisant—a cell, and that so minnte that
it is imperceptible to the naked eye, and only
made visible through the powerful agency of
the microscope, i3 not the collection and aggre
gation by chance, of certain elements of matter,
which then create tho vital forces for subse
quent growth and changes, bnt rather the ele
ments entering into its composition, are collect
ed and aggregated, by a pre-existing vital force,
and nnder the controling influence of this force
it is organized and life bestowed on it Dr.
Carpenter has written much on the correlation of
vital forces. His argument is of interest, not
only because of the facts and principles estab
lished, but as opening an inquiry which must
lead to still larger results; for, if the principle
be fonnd operativo in fundamental organic pro
cess, (as in the cell just mentioned) it will un
doubtedly be traced in those which are higher;
if in the lower sphere of life, then throughout
that sphere. If the forces are correlated in or
ganio growth and nutrition, they must be in
organic aotion; and thns human activity,
in all of its forms, is brought within the
operation of the law. As a creature of organio
nutrition, borrowing matter and forco from the
outward world; as a being of feeling and sensi
bility, of intellectual powers and multiform ac
tivities, man must be regarded as amenable to
the great law that forces are convertible and in-
destrnotible; and as psychology and sociology—
the science of mind and the science of society-
have to deal constantly with different phases
and forms of human energy, the new principle
must be of the profoundest import in relation
to these great subjects.
The correlation of physical and vital forces
is manifest, as exhibited in the five senses.
By what instrumentalities is the sense of hear
ing brought about ? The atmosphere is thrown
on the same kind of wave movement as the at
mosphere. In other words, the drum mem
brane of the ear vibrates Bat manifestly this
does not constitute the sense of hearing. This
is bnt the physical force of atmospheric vibra
tion operating on the dram head of the ear. The
same physical fact exists in the less delicate
membrane of the ordinary dram. There is
more to be obtained to produce the sense of
hearing. As the dram of the car vibrates, by
the waves of the atmosphere being communi
cated by physical contact, the nerve of hearing
(the auditory,) is molecularly disturbed, and
by a series of changes in the molecnleB of the
nerve the impulse is conveyed and communi
cated to tho brain substance. This is still the
effect of the physical force. Immediately as
the molecular motion of the nerve is communi
cated to the brain wo have sensation or the
sense of hearing. Let ns understand each other
as to the interpretation to be placed on the
word sensation. Sensation and sensibility are
too often confounded even by eminent writers.
Sensibility is simply tho power of being excited.
Let me illustrate by one example: Decapitate
a turtle, which many of our good housewives
frequently have done, as the first step to making
that delightful beverage, turtle soup, which few
good husbands object to drink; then pinch his
foot and the animal will draw it within nature’s
protector, the shelL Here we have a dormant
nerve power susceptible of being excited, and is
excited even to the extent of muscular action
without the will power of the brain. Sensation
is a degree above sensibility, and requires the
existence of a brain. If we prick our finger
with a pin voluntarily or involuntarily, the hand
i3 withdrawn as in the case of the toot of the
decapitated turtle, bnt the brain takes cogni
zance of the injury inflicted and orders the re
moval of the hand. The removal of the hand
is not therefore sensation, bnt sensation is the
perception taken by the brain of the injury in
flicted. Thns we havo physical force develop
ing vital force. The sense of vision beautifully
illustrates the correlation of physical aid vital
forces. The eye is bnt an optical instrument,
and the microscope is but an imitatioi of the
natural structure of this organ. The leases of
this instrument are bnt duplicates of the cornea,
the two humors and the lease of the eye. By
the force of light or reflected rays from i given
object the image of this object is formed onthe
retina by concentration of the reflected rays.
Bnt even then we do not necessarily havevision.
Tho same concentration of reflected lays of
light will take place in an eye of an animal re
cently killed, and extracted from its socket. The
sense of vision comprises more than this The
image must bo impressed on the retina, or optio
nerve, and the impulse of the force of the re
flected rays of light be communicated by molec
ular change to the brain snbstance, and develop
in this structure another force, the nerre force,
resulting in perceptive action of the train, or
vision: one of the acts of mentality. I might
illustrate the correlation or development of vital
forces through the agency of physical forces by
citing the other senses, viz., touch, taste, and
smell, bnt I deem it unnecessary as the principle
has been sufficiently demonstrated. Agiin, vital
forces in turn may, and do develop physical
forces. This is plainly exhibited in the vital or
nerve force, which may result in the tetion of
muscular tissue called muscular contraction. By
this nerve force we order the arm to be elevated
and depressed. In this movement we increase
circulation and nutrition, vital acts, but we at
the same time generate heat—a physical force.
Thns it seems plain that physical foices may
generate vital forces, and vice versa, vital forces
generate or result in physical forces. The cor
relative action is complete, and both forces in
destructible. It is an undisputed point in men
tal philosophy that we gain all onr ideas of the
external world through the senses. If this be
trno, we most admit that physical forces are the
starting point of perception on the part of the
brain, and that they are convertible into vital
forces, which latter forces, when operative, pro
duce the phenomena of life.
But there is a higher and more mysterious
force which generates and governs the lower
order of vital forces. This is termed mental
force. Am I asked what is the sonl ? I know
nothing of it except the internal consciousness
of its existence and its immortality. Is ths
question forced on me? What is gravitation,
or heat or light ? I know nothing of either of
them bnt what I gather through the senses, or
the phenomena they present when in aotion.
Am I asked the further question—novel, but of
import to the welfare of man—what is mental
force ? I know nothing of it but through the
phenomena which it presents in its aotion on
the brain matter. In other words, the produc
tion of mentality. Experimental physiology
has demonstrated beyond cavil, that nerve force
directly generates vital acts, snch as will power
in producing muscular action, or irritating me-
chanicaltaa nerve presiding over a given secre
tory organ, will increase the secretion; each
are vital acts. But the question may be asked,
how is the nerve force produced? This is the
ultima thnle in the solution of the phenomena
of life. Solve this question, and the functions
of organization or life will cease to be mysteri
ous, and montality, or the phenomena of brain
force, will be understood, and sociology, the
science of society, reduced to a department of
science. From the present lights gathered
from the status and advance of psycological
science, I am compelled to declare my convic
tion that mentality, and all sabordinate vital
forces, are generated and controlled by the men
tal force—operating primarily cn the brain tis
sue—resulting in the phenomena of the mind,
the highest order of organization, and this pro
ducing a nerve force which results likewise in
development, growth, nntrition, circulation,
secretion, muscular action, etc.
Bnt yet, again, what is the mental force? Ask
tho physicist what is gravitation, or demand of
him what is heat force or eledtrical force, and
when ho gives a satisfactory answer, the psy
chologists will be equally grepaied to- give a so
lution of the question as to the nature of men
tal force. As physical forces demonstrate their
existence alone through the development of
physical laws, so mental force proves its exist
ence throucrh the phenomena of vital acts or
iaws.
I close with an eloquent extract from Yon-
mans on th e persistence of force :
“Thns the law characterized by Faraday as
the highest in physical science which our facul
ties permit us to perceive, has a far more ex
tended sway; it might well have been pro
claimed the highest law of aU. science—the most
far-reaching principlo that adventuring reason
has discovered in the universe. Its stupendous
reach spans all orders of existence. Not only does
it govern the movements of the heavenly bodies,
bnt it presides over the genesis of the constella
tions; not only does it control those radiant floods
of power which fill the eternal spaces, bathing,
warming, illumining and vivifying onr planet,
bnt it rales the actions and relations of men,
and regnlates the march of terrestrial affairs.
Nor is its dominion limited to physical phe
nomena ; it prevails equally in the world of
mind, controlling all the faculties and processes
of thought and feeling. The star-snns of the
remoter galaxies dart their radiations across
the universe; and, although the distances are
so profound that hundreds of centuries may
have been required to traverse them, the im
pulses of force enter the eyo, and impressing
an atomio change npon the nerve, give origin to
the sense of sight. Star and nerve tissue are
parts of the same system—stellar and nervous
forces are correlated. Nay, more; sensation
awakens thought and kindles emotion, so that
this wondrons dynamic chain binds into living
unity tho realms of matter and mind through
measureless amplitudes of space and time.
“And if these high realities are bnt faint and
fitful glimpses which scienco has obtained in
the dim dawn of discovery, what must be the
glories of the comiDg day ? If, indeed, they
are bnt “pebbles" gathered from the shores of
the great ocean of truth, what are the myste
ries still hidden in the bosom of the mighty un
explored ? And how far transcending all stretch
of thought that unknown and infinite cause of
all to which tho human spirit turns evermore in
solemn and mysterious worship!”
Koskoo.—This medicine is rapidly gaining the
confidence of the people and the numerous testi
monials of its virtues, given by practitioners of
medicine, leaves no doubt that it is a safe and re
liable remedy for impurity of the blood, liver dis
ease, Ac.
Ths last Medical Journal containing an article
fromPror. B. 8. Newton, M. D., President of theE.
Medical College, City of New York, that speaks in
high terms or its curative properties, and gives a
special recommendation of Koskoo to the practi
tioners of medicine. This is, we believe, the first
instance whore such medicines havs been officially
endorsed by the Faculty of any of tho medical col
leges, and reflects great credit npon the skill of Dr.
Lawrence, its compounder, and also puts “KoBkoo”
in the van of all other medicines of the preaent
di y. marl6d-w tf
BY
000.
FBOJtf WASHINGTON.
Washisotos, April 14.—Kevenue to-day, $884,
Biases.—Warehousemen and others who accept
for planters can obtain in our Job Office the neces-
Louis McFoulko, of California, has been ap
pointed Bavenuo Supervisor for California, Wash
ington and Arizona.
The Committee on Naval Affairs have voted
year’s pay to families of the Oneida victims.
The President has nominated Judge George P.
Fisher, famous for his rulings in the Surratt case
and for his quarrel with Judge Bradley, United
States Attorney for the District of Columbia.
No nominations affecting the Sontb.
Morton made an elaborate address on the Geor
gia question, blaming the Democratic party of the
North for a partial failure of reconstruction. He
proved from the proceedings of the Tennessee Leg
islature and other documents that the Eu-klux
really had formidable organizations throughout the
South. Quoting from the Frecdmen’s Bureau re
ports he showed the South to be very bloody; ho
also showed from various results of elections South
that if an election was held in Georgia this fall it
wonld place the State in the hands of the Demo
crats. He narrated bloody events in the South an d
assorted that in many sections no freedom of opin
ion was tolerated.
Finally a vote was reached on Williams’ amend
ment providing that the next election for members
of the General Assembly shall be held on Tuesday
after the first Monday in November, 1872, prohibi
ting the extension of official terms beyond the regu
lar period named in the State Constitution, and re
quiring the consent of the Legislature to this
legislation. It was defeated by a vote of 24 to 23.
Many Senators dodged the vote and the result was
quite doubtful. Georgia extremists were confident
this morning of carrying this amendment.
The Senate then adjourned.
Washington, April 15.—The Chief Engineer of
tho army writes to Logan, Chairman of tho Military
Committee, suggesting $34,000,000 for fortifica
tions, $2,750,000 for Fortress Monroe, $2,500,000
for Fort Point, at the entrance of San Francisco
harbor, and $2,250,000 for Fort Jefferson, Florida.
W. P. Smith, Governor of Alabama, to-day tele
graphed Senator Warner, of that State, that he had
matured and was putting into operation a vigorous
and determined policy to stop the violence and law
lessness in Greene and other counties of Alabama,
and bring the offenders to justice.
Senator Harris was before the Judiciary Commit
tee of the Senate, regarding the division of Louisi
ana into two judicial districts. Harris has assuran
ces that the Committee will report in favor of the
division.
The President recognized Mr. Bure as Consul of
France at Charleston. Also Aaron Wessinhachas
Consul from the Swiss Confederation for Louisiana,
Alabama, Tennessee, Arkansas and Mississippi, to
reside in New Orleans.
Second ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment
visited the President. The President replied: “I
could net say anything to those hero assembled this
evening to convince them any farther than I have
done,of my earnest desire to see the 15th amendment
become a part of the Constitution. I will only add,
that I hope those enfranchised by it will prove
themselves worthy of the benefits bestowed npon
them, and those who have the franchise without it,
and that all may be mutually henefitted by it I feel
confident that this will be the result. If I had not
thought so, I would not have been so anxious for
its ratification.
The postage to England will be ten cents after the
first of May. *
Internal Bevenne to date, $18,250,000 in excess
of the same time last year. Increase in revenue in
New York this year over last, on tobaeco and spirits,
$1,500,000.
Delano has issued an order prescribing a new
coupon book for wholesale liquor dealers and recti
fiers on and after thefirst of May. It is understood
the form prescribed is that of the “Kish Coupon
Book.”
The court-martial for the trial of Commodore Up
shur, for alleged irregularity in cadetship, com
mences here on the 21st inBtant The court con
sists of Bear Admiral Goldsboro, Bear Commodore
Pennock, Captains Parrott, Beynolds and Daven
port, Commanders Simpson and Temple; Judge
Advocate, John W. Bell.
Evidence in the Howard corruption case shows
that $114,000 were paid for the Howard University
lands by warrants on the U. S. Treasury. Con
ti actors for erecting the buildings received $100,000
from the same source, and $18,000 were drawn from
the U. S. Treasury, in behalf of the Bureau fund,
for the Congregational Church, for which bonds of
the Church were taken. The deeds to the land
npon which Howard University and Gen. Howard’s
house stand were made to Gen. O. O- Howard.
The evidence, however, as it transpires, is not
worthy of absolute credence.
The President nominated Ira N. Camp Collector
for the First District of Texas.
Judge Humphreys, of Huntsville, Ala., will suc
ceed Fisher, should the Senate confirm Fisher as
District Attorney for the District of Colombia.
Washington, April 16.—Bevenne receipts to-day,
$292.000; for the month, to date, $7,500,000.
The Banking and Currency Committee considered
the bill for increasing the currency $50,000,000, with
no result.
The Iroquois has arrived at Fortress Monroe, 37
days from Hong Kong—all well.
Senator Cole declines compromising his com
plaints against Secretary Graham, and threatens to
ventilate the matter in open Senate, should a cau
cus fail to meet his views.
Since June 30tb, 1869, 72 stills, 687 mash tabs,
and 150 gallons whisky have been destroyed in Ten-
kessee as illicit.
The following has been issued from army head
quarters: The Department of Alaska is added to
the Department of Colombia. Virginia is added to
the Depaitment of the East. The Department of
the Cumberland is added to the Department of the
South, with headquarters at Atlanta. This Depart
ment, Gen. Terry commanding, now includes Ken
tucky, Tennessee, West Virginia, part of Jefferson
ville, in Indiana, and North and Sonth Carolina,
Georgia, Florida and Louisiana. Schofield com
mands the Department of tho Pacific; Pope com
mands the Department of Missouri; Cook com
mands the Department of the Lakes; Canby com
mands the Department of Columbia. These changes
will occur as soon as possible.
Tho report of the Superintendent of the Internal
Bevenue Bureau givee the following statistics for
the quarter commencing January 1st, and ending
March Slat: Written opinions by Solicitors, 23:
cases disposed of, 153; abatement claims disposed
of, 24,453; refunding claims disposed of, 1,535:
requisitions for stamps fitted, 2,447; value of same,
$21,185,766,28; total number of letters written,
18.529: total number of forms and accounts entered,
387,093.
The Committee to investigate tho charges against
Howard, bad before them J. W. Bnmsay, who was
subjected to a lengthy cross examination on his
testimony of yesterday, was farther examined in
reference to the expenditure of $4,000, to put iron
columns in the Howard University to relieve the
weight of floors from patent brick walla and the ex-
peniture of $13,000, to repair the- damage by the
fall of a portion of the building of the University.
P. B. Searle, architect, was examined, and testified
that the original owners in the Patent Building
Company, were Generale O. O. Howard and Chas.
H. Howar J, J. W. Alverd. D. L. Eaton and George
W. Bullock. Tho Comfoittee adjoumed until Tues
day Gen. Howard’s Attorney being called to New
Yoik.
Tho evidence yesterday shows that in regard to
certain bonds of tbe church having been cashed at
thoir face value by Gen. Bullock, upon the order of
Howard, and that the amount of $24,000 had been
deposited in the Frcedmen’e Saving Bank—$18,000
to his (Howard’s) credit, as special treasurer of the
church fund, and $6000 to his individual credit,
which amount he secured to the church by the de
posit of a mortgage by D. L, Eaton ta Gen. How
ard on a pieco of property, which latter he had pre
viously sold to the former. It ia also stated that
Gen. Howard had requested contractors and others
that in making purchases they should obtain what
ever hardware needed of J. B, Elv&ns, as it would
bo to his (Howard’s) pecuniary advantage, and that
when the bills were presented, they were taken to
Gen. Bullock, who did notpaymoDey to Mr. Elvans,
but upon bills being receipted, the amount was ap
plied to tho payment of personal notes of Mr. El-
vans, upon tho back of which was the name of Gon.
Howard as endorser. These notes were understood
to have been given in connection with the purchase
of tbo Barry farm, over the Eastern Branch.
The House Sub-Committee on Commerce, com
posed of Dixon, Sawyer, Sheldon, Conger, Finkle-
burg, and Totter, have prepared a bill making ap
propriations for the improvement of rivers and har
bors. Among the sums agreed npon are: for Dos-
Moino Bapids $400,000 ; for Louisville Canal $250,-
000; for removing obatructions and snags from the
Mississippi Biver and tributaries, $150,000; for the
OhioBiver, $50,000; for the mouth of the Missis
sippi Biver $300,000; for Hell Gate, New York har
bor, $250,000, besides other sums, oovering improve
ments in all parts of the country.
CONGRESSIONAL*
Washington, April 15.—House A contest is
progressing in tho House over the deficiency for the
postoffice buildings for New York and Boston, as
reported from the Committee of Conference.
Senate Tho caucus adjourned, referring the
difficulties between Senator Cole and Secretary Gor
ham, expressing tho hope of tho committee that it
would secure a reconciliation.
Disabilities were removed from several Texans,
whoso names were accidentally omitted from tho
last bill.
Mr. Cameron introduced a bill authorizing the
city of Washington to subscribe half a million dol
lars to the Potomac and Baltimore Bailroad.
Mr. Sumner introduced a bill abolishing the
franking privilege and fixing postage at one cent.
A bill was introduced exempting tho Census Mar
shals from taking the iron-clad oath.
A resolution was passed that when the Senate ad
journs it adjourn to Monday next.
Sherman presented a memorial from citizens of
Maryland, asking for the repeal of the law forbid
ding compensation for slaves unjustly taken from
them, which was referred to the Committee on
Claims.
Tho Georgia hill was resumed. Pomeroy advo
cated his amendment making Georgia a military
district, and directing that an election bo held next
fall, tho present Assembly to cease December 13th,
1870-
Hamilton, of Texas, made an argument in favor
of tho enforcement of Mortonls views. He said
war was going on in the South, and the persons
who had been disarmed in the dominion of the re
bellion were the victims of rebel animosity. The
adoption of Bingham’s amendment', he held, wonld
be the death-lmell of the Republican party in every
Southern State, because, unless prudently curtailed,
the rebel influence would practically nullify the new
State Constitutions, and set at naught the benefi
cent measures of Congrsssional legislation. He
favored tho amendment suggested by Drake to
require military intervention for the anppresaion of
eecret organizations, and denounced tho organized
system of outrago, arson and murder now prevalent
in tho late rebellious States, and said this state of
things showed the futility of attempting to estab
lish civil government there. It had been argued
here that this organized resistance to the laws was
owing to the stringency of the reconstruction meas
ures. His answer was that like powers had been
delegated to the commanders of all military depart
ments throughout the country, and that condition
of tho Sonth was wholly exceptional. The benator
from Massachusetts (Wilson) had estimated that the
number of men murdered there since Lee’s surren
der exceeded tho mortality list in any engagement
during the war. This estimate was a very moderate
one. Hie own belief was that not less than 10,000
loyal hearts in the Sonth had ceased to beat, simply
because they were loyal to their country. The triv
ial number of aireste, in comparison with this ag
gregate of crime, wonld show the lieense for these
ontrages in a vicious and disloyal public sentiment.
The practical operation of the Bingham amendment
wonld be to secure to the rebel element the power
to remodel the State Constitutions, and the rebel
States would, in 1872, again be found rallying around
the National Democratic councils; bat the Repub
lican party would never ontlive the odium of a total
abandonment of the colored race in the South, and
itwas too lato to reverse its record'in behalf of
that people. If not supported by the nation, the
colored loyalists in the Sonth would surely hite the
dust. He could not live there. Ho (Hamilton) for
one, if the principles of the Bingham amendment
prevailed, wonld not dare to return to his own com
munity. He did not believe that any active Repub
lican wonld dare to live there. He- knew the people
there; he was bora and raised among them; had
lived all his life among them, and they were the
most blood-thirsty set of cut-throats God had ever
permitted on His footstool.
Governor Bullock, of Georgia, and General Clark,
of Texas, shook hands with Hamilton on the con
clusion of hie speech.
Boreman and Fool spoke against the principles of
tho amendment.
Foole favored military intervention in the Sonth.
A vote to adjonrn was lost by a tie vote.
It was finally agreed to take the final vote Tues
day at ^o'clock..
The Senate then adjourned.
The House adopted the Conference report on the
deficiency bill.
District of Colnmbia matters were afterwards
considered, and several bills of local interest passed.
The House adjourned till Monday.
New Ouleans, April 16.—Schooner Emma York
for Galveston is bnmed to tho water’s edge. The
crew was picked np and brought here.
CmnAGO, April 16.—The Fenian Congress has ad
journed sine die. An Executive committee of nine
succeeds to power. The names of this council will i
be kept secret for the present.
The expulsion of Bichard McCloud by Gen.
O’Neill was unanimously rescinded.
The propeller Wells, towing seal bargee, exploded
her boilers, killing three persons. The Staten Island-
era thought it was an earthquake.
The evidence seems to be aocumoiating that Mc
Farland was partially insane when he killed Rich
ardson.
This forenoon a mob of 200 men employed on a
sewer on the- Bergen and Hudson City railroad, N.
J., struck and came to Jersey City, where 430 men
were at work on a similar Bewer, and attempted to
induce them to quit work also. Persuasion being
useless, they tried violence. A force of 125 police
men came up, arrested the leaders and dispersed
the mob. Farther troubles aie apprehended.
In McFarland's trial the evidence that Mrs;
McFarland said Horace Greeley thought a great deal
of her, and that Colfax admired her very much, was
ruled out by ths ciurt.
Phtsbubg, April 14-—The Exchange Hotel has
been burned. Loss $125,000.
FOREIGN NEWS.
London, April Iff.—Newman Hall denies his in
tention to live in the United States.
Tho Builder to-day refers to the vitality both in
England and the continent, in spite of the recent
Papal anathemas.
Lisbon, April 16.—The regular steamer from Bio -
Janeiro has arrived, bringing details of the war in
Paraguay. On the first of March the Brazilian
General attacked and carried the position of Presi
dent Lopez. Lopez himself, his son, Col Lopez,
F. Sanchez, Vice-President of the Republic, Gen.
Caminoes, and several* other high officers of Para
guay, were killed. The mother, brother and four
children of President Lopez, Mrs. Lynch and many
officers were taken prisoners. A largo quantity of
arms and amunition was captured.
Pabis, April 16.—It is reported that Great Britain
and Russia have agreed to propose a general disar
mament to the Prussian government.
It is understood that at the termination of Plebis
cite, Duke DePesbegney will proceed to Berlin to
propose a general Congress.
Tho Figaro, an independent organ, announces
to-day that Napoleon has written a letter on the
signification of Plebiscite for the instruction of the
people^ Eight million oopieB of this document will
bo printed forthwith in order that it may be placed
in the hands of every voter of France.
The health of M. Geizot is such as to cause anx
iety.
It is now tolerably certain the formula of Plebis
cite will be, “Do tho people desire constitutional re
form in 1870, which will assure liberty, by placing it
under tho guarantee of tbe Empire and dynasty 2”
Members of the Legation held a meeting yesterday
at which it was decided that all would be free to
vote as they pleased. It is generally believed that
many will vote in the affimative. It is probable that
no manifesto will be issued and'that the spilt in
ranks will not continue after Plebise.
Ottawa, April 16.—The expedition to Red Biver
will number 10,000 picked men, inolodiag the steel
battery and Rocket brigade, as well as 2000-loyal In-
diftns.
Madbtd, April 16 Tho Republican-journals of
Spain demand of the State that* officers of the
church be required to take the oath of allegiance,
to the conetitntion, and that all Priests or Bishops
refusing to take the oath be *‘*®t to Rome.
Duke Hontpeneier, who was oauished from Mad
rid for one month, has gone to Seville.
FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL.
Daily Kevlew of the Market.
OFFICE TELEGRAPH AND-MESSENGER,!
Apiul 16—Evening, l'-78. j
Cotton—Receipts to-day 63 bales ; sales 80 ?
shipped 57.
There is no change whatever to-note- in the tone
of the market It closed dull and nominal this
evening at cents for the beet cotton.
MACON COTTON STATEMENT.
Stock on hand Sept 1,1869—bales.. 179
Received to-day ; 69
Received previously .76,339—76,407-
70,586’
Shipped to-day 57'
Shipped previously 64,190—64,247-
Stock on hand this evening.
12,339
The-general market continues quiet and dull. It
wae particularly so to-day on account of the weather'
light rainfalling during much of the day-.-. The
provision market continues quiet and-prices stand:
firm, at quotations. We give a few:.
BACON—Clear Sides (smoked)... .$ 18.
Clear Bib Sides (emoked)... 17}£@.
Shoulders 14%@
Hams (sugar-cured') 22 ® 24'
BULK MEATS—Clear Sides 17^9-
Cloar Bib Sides 16}£@
Shoulders 13>&@.
GRAIN AND HAT.
CORN—Yellow, Mixed and White. 182 @135.
MEAL 1 35 @ 1 40
GHEES 1’76 9 2 00
OATS 90- @ 1 25
WHEAT—Per bushel 1 30 @ 1 60
FIELD PEAS - 2 00. @ 2 25-
HAY—Northern 1 90 @.2 00
Tqnnesse Timothy.... 2 00
Herds Grass 2 Off,
Tennessee 2 Off
LATEST MARKETS BY- TELSfiRAPH,.
Domestic Markets.
GENERAL NEWS.
Dsnveb, Colorado, April 16.—Santa Fe telegrams-
report new mineral discoveries near Barney Station,
New Mexico. The roads are lined with people going
to the new mines.
Louisville, April 16.—The court martial of In
spector General Totten is commenced. After a few
days of session here, the court will proceed to
Charleston, Sonth Carolina, to hoar evidence there.
Cincinnati, April 16.—The tow boat Roarer, ex
ploded her boilers with twenty-three persons aboard.
The Captain and three others were seriously hurt.
Six others are known to have been saved. Four
teen are supposed to have perished. The explosion
occurred as the boat was steaming out of her berth,
nnder one hundred and forty pounds of steam.
San Fbancisco, April 16.—Tho agent of the Ten
nessee company of planters who was sent to China
to procure laborers for tbe South, has returned by
the steamer American, and says his mission was
unsuccessful.
A dispatch from Virginia City, Nevada, says tbe
Democrats will make no nomination for Mayor, but
will generally support the negro candidates, whose
hances for election are good.
Bcitalo, N. Y., April 16.—The first steamer of
the eeason started through the ice this morning.
Nobfolk, Ya.. April 16.—School ship Mercury ie
reported to have went ashore at 4- o’clock this
morning, 12 miles south of Capo Henry; no lives
were lost. Assistance will be sont Crom this city.
NetcYobk, April 16.—Miss. Edith O’Gormon lec
tured at Madison, N. J., Friday on Roman preist-
hood. As she left the building a large crowd of
Catholics congregated and a serious riot ensued.—
Pistols were fired at the lecturer, but she reached
her friend’s house, which was instantly surrounded
by the rioters. Windows were broken with stones,
Fobtbess Monbox, April 16.—A heavy northeast
storm prevails. •
London, April 16—The Saturday Review discusses
the Alabama case in the light of the argument in
Bernard’s book, which claims that the detention of
the Alabama, even if possible, would be legally un
justifiable.
Rocue8teb, N. Y., April 16.—The eaxiom freight
train ran off the track at Sandy Cut. Tbe freight
train from the east ran into the wreck, injuring two
men and killing fifty cattle. Tho passenger trains
oc tho Central railroad were delayed in conse
quence.
St. Louis, April 14.—A heavy freshet in the
Mississippi Biver, opposite Quincy, Dlinois. The
river ia eight mileB wide. Went Quincy is entirely
submerged, and the water i3 over tho Hannibal and
St. Joseph Bailroad for five mfies. Should the river
rise a foot more, the track between Quincy and Pal
myra will be submerged. Tho river is still rising.
Boston, April 14.—The probate or George Pea
body’s will shows his public bcnfactions embraced
all bis property except a hundred thousand dollirs
to his kinsfolkB.
San Fbancisco, April 14.—Tho Attorney General
of California decides tbe Fifteenth Amendment i- -
ert, as against Stato laws, until Congress-legislate
for itB onftrceuiant.
New Yolk. Aoril 1-t—An explosion at .Sing Sing
killed three otfavitat.
i New Yobx, April 16,.aoon.—Stocks, firm. Money-
:easy at 6. Exchange, long 9;. short 5%. Gold:
13%. Bonds 12%. Tennessee ex-coupons 60;
new 54%. Virginia ex-coupons 6S%; new 69*p
Louisianas, old75%; new73%; leveeGa76%; 8s 91%,
Alabama 8s, 97%; 5s, 80, Georgia 6s 85; 7s 93.
North Carolinas, old 46%; new 22%. South Caro-
linas, old 87; new 81.
Flour steady. Wheat a shade-firmer. Com aotive-
&t 2c advance. Pork 2810@2812. Lard quiet) ah
15%@15% for steam. Turpentine quiet 47047%.
Boein, 210 for strained, < Freights quiet.
Cotton quiet and firm; uplands '23%; Orleans
23% and held higher; sales 4<}0 bales.
New Yobk, April 16. evening.—Bank statement
favorable. Governments strong.. 62s 12%. State
bonds strong.
Bank Statement—Loans decrease over 2,000,090;
specie decrease nearly 2,000,000; oirculation-decreasa
55.000; deposits increase oxer-1,000,000; legal tender
increase over 2;500,000. Sterling dnll at 8%(&9.
Coupons, 81s) 14%; 1862s 12%; 1864s 10%; 1865s
11%; new 9%;. 1867s 10%; 1863s 10%; 10^0s 6%-
new 10a liberally dealt in. Missonris 92%. Tennes
sees old 59%; new 54%. Sub Treasury balance
85.231.397.
Flour firm and in fair demand; superfine State
and Western-! 7005 20. Wheat a shade firmer tot
winter red and amber western. 110@130t Whisky
decidedly fixmer at 103%01O5. Porksteady. Mess
beef quiet. Freights shade firmer.
Cotton quiet butetrong; sales 1000s. uplands 23%;
Orleans 23%.
Baltimore, April 16.—Flour firm unfairly active;
Howard street superfine 4 87%@5 62%. Wheat firm
Com fairly active; whilo 1 030106. Cats 62%@65.
Pork 29 00. Bacon firm; shoulders 23. Lard 19%.
Whisky 1 020102%.
Augusta, April 16.—Cotton market dnll but puces
unchanged; sales 163; receipts 167; middlings 20%
: Cincinnati, April 16.—Whisky dull at 97. Mess
Pork irregular; choice 28 50. Bacon firm and. ip fair
demand: shoulders 11%@12. Lard quiet.. Corn
dull and lower at 84086.
Louisville, April 16.—Com 100. Porix 20 00.
shoulders 12; clear sides 15%016. Lard IS: Whis
ky 97.
New Orleans, April 16.—Cotton firm; sfiddlings
22%.
Flour dull X 4 25; XX 4 75; XXX 5.75. Com
firm at 115. Oats 63065. Bran 130. Bay 27 00.
Pork firmer; mess 29 75030 25. Bacon unchanged.
Lard firmer; tierce 16%; keg 13. Sagan prime 11%
011%. Molasses, primo 70091. Whisky quiet at 95
(#1 07%. Coffee held firmer; fair 16%0l7%; prime
Sterling 23%. New York Sight % premium. Gold
13%.
MsrKctBs
London, April 16, noon.—Consol* opened at 94%,.
Bonds 88%. , . _ , ' .
Paris, April 16, evening.—Bourse ciosed firm
at 74f5c.
Havre, April 16. evening.—Cotton, opened quiet
and steady.
The attention of our readers is asked to the fol
lowing item in connection.with a popular Life In
surance Company:
The National Life Insaranoe Company of the
United States of America, passed during thq last
week a noticeable milestone ia its growth and pro
gress. In the short space of twenty months since
its organization, it Ins issued 19,006 policies, with
ail insurance of t-25,337,369. Such aucoeea is a far
more unqualified aud emphatic endorsement of this
Company by the public than lws ever been awarded
in this country or abroad to any new organization.
It ia a valuable tribute to integrity, -enterprise and
low rates of Premium, wlfish are consistent alone
fith the now Common Sqaao or Stock Plan of lift
Ti- Ih-v numbered 10,COO is for $10,000, and
was i -mdio jpiounuont railroad officer of New
Jersey wu.j k» o<v tbs Company and its
meats, an-l bad tire vnsdotn io patrenute it.
,piia-.:Cv-vlt