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^Bltgrapji gift 38fafflriggr. FRIDAY, DECEMBER 1670. —The London Spectator considers that . Prince Bismarck has transferred the diplo matic centre of the world from Paris to - Berlin. —The Prussian budget announces deficit for next yefer, caused by extraordi nary expenditure, particularly in public works. —On Sunday, Mr. and Mrs. Wilmarth, of New York, attended the “burying of their dead” in their cemetery plat in Greenwood. “Tbeir dead,” that time, was a large Newfoundland deg. —The Golos of St. Petersburg publishes a letter from its correspondent in Odessa to the effect that a very anderit and inter- esting manuscript of the four Gospels, written on 120 sheets of parchment, has just been discovered under an old house n Bulgaria. It is proposed to construct immense boats, similar to our railroad boats, to make the transit from London to Paris in eight hours. The train would go straight through, and there would be no Custom House or other delays en route. # —.The two highwaymen who assailed John Hamm, a thin, bent, consumptive little man, near Vincennes, Ind., waked up the wrong customer, for he drew a pistol and shot one of them, and pounded the other insensible with the weapon. —The great preaching bishop In Eng land nowadays is Magee of Peterborough, translated from the Irish to the English land—an almost unprecedented distinc tion—by Lord Bcaconsfield. He is also an excellent speaker. Dr. Magee is rather Low Church. —Bismarck is at his country house, suf fering much from nervousness. His phy sician tells him that his excessive smoking is aggravating, and possibly Is the main cause of the ailment, and advises him to stop the use Of his pipe altogether, and to confine himself to light cigars. But the Chancellor defies the doctor and sticks to his pipe. —Cyrus H. McCormick, of Chicago, a rich Western Democrat of Tilden sympa thies, says in an interview that Tilden is “in the hands of liis friends,” but shows a readiness to withdraw in favor of some other hard-money man which he has never' before manifested. McCormick suggests Bayard as the coming man. —An unsuccessful attempt was made to fire the City Hotel, of Tallahassee, Fla., ton Thursday night last. Fortunately the fire was discovered in time to be extin guished before it made much headway. In fifteen minutes more the building would doubtless liave been in flames and been totally consumed. The incendiary has not been discovered. —In connection with the English Meth odist Wesleyan “Thanksgiving Fund,” the following recent donations are signifi cant of the wealth of the body: One of $50,000, one of $20,000, two of $10,000 one of $10,500, seventeen of $5,000. The sum •already promised exceeds $1,000,000. It may safely be asserted that not* a single one of those wealthy donors is, in English fashionable parlance, “in society.” —When ex-minister Schenck was in formed of the scheme to get Hayes, Conk- . ling, Sherman, Blaine, Logan, Washbume, Edmunds and Evarts to write arond- robin to Grant, asking him to accept the Republican Presidential nomination, lie slyly winked his diplomatic left eye and remarked: “It’s a thin bluff. Grant bolds only a king high, and a band like that will never take a pot under the American rules.” CmasTMAS Gifts.—In the past few days the mailing of foreign money orders has increased 60 per cent, at the New York post-office. Wednesday the depart meat sent $00,200 in orders, principally to Great Britain, Germany and Switzerland. Tpe orders were mostly in small sums of from $10 to $15, and were intended by the depositors as Christmas presents to parents, sisters, cousins and other kindred. Many of the orders were addressed to persons in the suffering districts in Ireland. —A protective tariff does not appear to lift Germany outof its business depression. In Berlin, correspondents report “almost complete stagnation” in banking and business circles, one proof of which is seen in the fact that not one-tliird of the small houses belonging to building associations are occupied. In Paris, meanwhile, build ing is brisker than at any time since the busiest days of the second Empire, and 1,200 new houses are in process of erec tion. —A New York letter of Thursday, allu. ding to the rapid flucuations in the cotton market, says: “The bears fought Decem bers and Januarys (of which they were largely short) vigorously, but they held up well, while a large firm on William street appeared as buyers of 35,000 bales of Marches—said to be Tor account of James R. Keene. His name causes fright among the shorts everywhere, and the shorts in cotton made haste to cover when it was rumored Keene was buying. Liverpool is being worked in connection with New York, and a sharp fight for and against cotton is going on, with the prospect of the biggest gambling during tho remainder of the season ever known in any article of produce.” —Walter T. Colquitt, the father of Gov ernor Colquitt, of Georgia, and James Bockmore were famous preachers iu that State in former days, and this story is told of an encounter which they once had: Mr. Colquitt, while on Ids way to church one Sunday, stopped at a peach orchard by permiss ; on of tbe owner and ate some of the fruit. Mr. Rockmore, riding by on his way to his meeting, oalled out: ‘Never mind, Colquitt, I’ll bear witness in heaven against you for stealing those peaches.” “Hold on,” said Colquitt, drawing Odank book and pencil from a side pocket; “let me take.your interrogatories; you won’t be there.” —For good sport Montana seems to be the happiest huntingground. Two Scotch gentlemen who are travelling over the world, and everywhere looking for good shooting, have gone to San Francisco after several montlis’ sport along Montana rivera. They say they were never in want of something royal to shoot at, finding buffaloes, elks, bears, deer, antelopes, mountain lions, lynxes, wildcats, and other game in abundance. They brought as trophies magnificent sets of elk and -deer antlers, buffalo heads, bear and other robes. Twenty-eight bear, mostly griz zles, fell prey to tbeir rifles. One of these was estimated to weigh 1,200 pounds, and measured tliirty-tkree inches around the forearm. The robe, handsome and well preserved, measures eight feet three inches from nose to rump. Bermuda Grass Seed—Ecce Signum We have lying before us, a sample of Bermuda grass pulled up by tbe roots ^md fully seeded, grown and banded to us by Colonel W. B. Johnston. The grass Is over-ripe, and hence the seed, if ever they had come to perfection, have fallen. The writer is disposed to doubt, from Ids personal observation in the low country, whether the plant, which he has certainly frequently seen in full flower, ever matures its seed. He is not prepared, however, to say that it does not. It is barely possible, that like other plants, however, such as the arrow root, common wild eane ofthe swamps, etc., it is propa gated solely by joints and rootlets. We should like to see the veritable seed collected and tested in a hot bed. Blaine on Legal Tender. The Boston Journal prints an inter view with Senator Blaine on the proposi tion to take away the legal tender capac ity of greenbacks. The Maine Senator opposes it. He says the greenbacks are only redeemable at the sub-treasury in New Yoik, and that fact would expose debtors at distant points to injustice. And finally Blaine concludes with a declare tion, which illustrates that amount of sense embodied in the maxim: “Leave well enough alone.” Says he: “The country has just emerged from prolonged and very severe financial depression, and.is getting into good condi tion again as rapidly as we could possibly expect. Everybody is taking heart and hope for the future, and I cannot conceive a better mode of checking the rising tide of prosperity than to throw the country into another angry financial excitement to carry out what is "at best bnt a theory. I think if the proposition were ever expedi ent in its life it would be an injurious time to make it.” The opposition of Blaine to this scheme for pushing up gold will kill It. The Cotton Trade. A New York Evening Post Manchester correspondent, surveying the situation of the cotton trade there, indulges in gloomy prognostications. He writes on the 12th November, since when there has been an important cliange for the better, but at that time, of the 2,000 cotton mills which cluster in an<j about Manchester, the most were noiseless as the grave. But in respect to the distant future, he quotes Dr. John Watts, the highest statistical author ity on this subject, as follows: I see no possibility for a revival of the cotton trade in the near future. The only circumstance that can aid the manufac turer is an increased demand for manu factured goods; and where are your orders to come from? I see very well the causes of the revival in the iron trade. Many cities are just at present building tram ways on a large scale, and they consume large quantities of iron; large orders are coming over from America, both from the United States and Canada; but where are orders for cotton goods to come from? Tire recent famines in China and India have closed those markets almost entirely; the >rotective policies of Germany and the Jnited States drive away all foreign goods iu the cotton line; the great failure of the harvest in England has diminished to an alarming extent, the home demand, and the same is true in regard to France. The notion that the present depression is a fugitive one, is false. Only by a cliange of national and individual policy can matters be bettered. The rise of the cotton trade must be very slow, and it will follow far behind the advance in the other trades. A return to prosperity in general will of course bring up the cotton trade, but a long time must elapse before that is brought about.” A Good Rule Which. Should he Ob served by AIL Begin cveiy day’s duties by reading a portion of God’s Word, and supplicating the protection and blessing of your Heav enly Father. Even if not a subject of God’s grace and a member of His visible church, this acknowledgment of your Cre ator’s sovereignty, and tribute to His tran scendent power, mercy and greatness will not be unprofitable. It will shield you from the insidious approaches and evil counsels of the scoffer and infidel, solemn ize your feelings, and, mayhap, prepare the way for the advent of the Holy Spirit and the gift of salvation. We can recall many instances of distin guished men who read their bible regu larly, and never rose or slept without in voking the blessing of that Being who is the author and finisher of every good and perfect gift.” Of these men we are as sured of one fact, they all had consciences and acknowledged present obligations and the dread responsibilities of an hereafter. Who will say they were not more trust worthy than those who make a jest of holy things and boast of their neglect of all the tcadiings of our blessed faith? Hence the importance of early religious training, which, even if not immediately sanctified to the saving of yonr children, will nevertheless exert a salutary influ ence upon their lives, and even at tlie eleventh hour may eventuate to their eter nal benefit. In other words, whether a Christian or not, it is meet to reverence your Maker and yield to Him that homage which is due alike from the lofty and lowly. Hissed the Hark. Frank Leslie's Magazine,which at least ought to be a true exponent of the facts and events it heralds with magnificent illustrations and picturesque surroundings, makes a most woful and inexcusable mis take in the account of the ceremonies of “ unveiling day,” which precedes a well executed cut of the monument. It says, “the city was greatly crowded on the day of dedication, both by civil and military visitors,and Governor Colquitt had a most appreciative audience while delivering his second oration on the subject.” The Governor did have not only an “appreciative” hut the vastest audience ever gathered on any previous occasion in Georgia. But his role was confined only to a few graceful remarks, introduc- ing the eloquent orator and magnus Apollo of the day, our gifted fellow-citizen, Hon. Thomas Hardeman, Jr. At the ceremonies connected with the laying of the corner stone, Georgia’s Chief Magistrate had previously covered himself with glory in the masterly address he then pronounced. Hence, we presume this mixture of the two celebrations by our illustrated contemporary. But justice compels us to reiterate what was em phatically said of Colonel Hardeman’s almost extemporaneous speech at the un- veilingjrf the monument, that it was par excellence; the-grandest effort of his life, and well nigh faultless in diction, as it was in its soul-stirring sentiments and ut terances. Honor to whom honor is due, Mr. Frank Leslie. Congressional Aid for Ireland. Over seventy members of Congress have subscribed five dollars each to a list, started by Representative Kenna, of West Virginia, to aid the suffering people of Ireland. It is expected that ever)’ mem ber not already on the list will give a like sum, which will make the handsome con tribution of over $1,500 by the members ofthe House. Another Tim in the Wheel ef Prog* ress—Steam to be Sttperseded by a New HotOr, the Bisulphide of Carbon. Messsrs. Williams, Smith & Milligan, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, have taken out a patent, which is described as an “improvement in the motors for machin ery.” The process is the transmission of a powerful and rapidly generated vapor derived from a mixture of bisulphide of carbon and petroleum from the chamber of a condenser, to the boiler of an ordina ry iron-condensing steam enginef. The boiler being filled with water heat ed to about 200 degrees, a pressure as high as 200 pounds per square inch is rap idly developed from the vapor thus gener ated, and easily controlled. As more defi nitely described in the letters patent, the lighter or volatile portion of the petroleum oil must be evaporated for the purpose of separating the gasoline and benzole from it prior to putting it In the boiler; then apply the heat and charge the chamber of the condenser; then open the valve so that the bisulphide will be forced by the pump gradually into the boiler! then, by contact with the previously heated petroleum oil and water, it is rapidly evaporized, form ing a force or pressure proportioned to the quantity injocted and the heat ap' plied. By the above comparatively simple op eration, an immense motive power is crea- ted, which can be applied directly to ma chinery of every description, including lo comotive engines, steam engines, steam navigation, factories, and other branches of industry. The New York Bulletin says the key to this success In generating power is found in the special adoption of petroleum to the object of bringing tho bisulphide into con trol—in this respect comparable to the success of Morse in “harnessing the light ning.” Through tills agency the bisulphide is held; it aids in its condensation, and holds the sulphur of the bisulphide in solution; it also deorderizes the bisulphide. Thus the vapor does its work in the cylin der entirely pnrc. A most valuable advantage attending this discoveiy, is the important fact that it can be made applicable to any steam engine, without the change of a single screw or bolt. Nothing more is required than the additiou of a condenser and pipes to connect the exhaust and the escape. Tho contents ofthe boiler, it is said, are returned without waste in an unending circuit, the action of the bisulphide being in every respect the same as steam. “The pressure is uniform, as it is gor- cmad by the pump alone; otherwise, on the amount of bisulphide injected into the boiler, and not by the heat of tlie fur nace." It is contended that this system enables tlie engineer in any emergency to obtain instantly from 100 to 200 pounds pressure, or more if desired, without any alteration or change of the fire. By this new motor it is also claimed that in consequence of the insignificant amount of fuel consumed, a large addition will be made to the freight carrying ca pacity of ocean steamers, and the tenders of locomotives may he entirely dispensed with. It is estimated that 100 pounds of the vapor will he equivalent to 16 horse power, and as tlie bisulphide - now costs bnt ten cents per pound, and can be made much cheaper, and is also capable of be ing used over and over for the same pur pose, the cost of this wonderful motor will be very little indeed. The matter will'soon be thoroughly tes ted, and if really successful in practice is destined to work a great revolution in lo comotion and transportation generally. The agent is likewise said to be non-ex plosive and perfectly safe in every way. A Tribute to the Power of the Prets. Wendell Phillips, in a recent address In New York, as an illustration of the influ ence which a newspaper exerts, said He remembered a cousin of his who was a bitter Federalist, when In the fierce conflict after the war of 1812, a Democrat and a Whig would hardly walk-on the same side of the street, who subscribed on the first day of January for a Democratic paper—for the fun of it. He thought that at his breakfast ho might be tickled with the absurdity of what it said. On the 4th of November following he voted the Dem ocratic ticket. [Laughter.] Such was tlie resistless power of repetition. Lord Palmerston said in the very height of his popularity: “I never dare contradict a journal, no matter what the assault nor how offensive the affirmation. I know it has 300 days in which to repeat it, and to make fun of me.” And so the magnani mous and obstinate Premier remained si lent rather tliau subject himself to the sarcastic rejoinders of the press. Such is the power grown so suddenly of late, which was absolutely unknown 1,000 years ago. Human nature was, after all, he said, very much identical now with what it was in times gone by. The press seventy years ago was noth- rr Tl«o LntlIn Tvoforln/i flio n New Ifceln. The Abbe’s Temptation, by Emile Zola, | translated by John Stirling; T. B. Pe- , - , . _ tenon & Brothers, Philadelphia. Price ^ weeks receipts at 234,870 75 cents, in paper. bates, arainst 220.521. for the same week Last Week’s Cotton Figures. The New York Chronicle of Saturday ing. The battle of Waterloo, tlie grand est event in European history for the last hundred years, only gained one-third of a column for its record in the London Times. Imagine a broil of half a dozen drunken soldiers and murdering Indians! Tlie newspapers would give them two col umns of it. The battle of Waterloo that decided the fate of the world, did not have 500 words to record it. He had had occasion to search for the details of events that had taken place in 1830, 1834 and 1836, just previous and subsequent to the great agitation, during which Garrison was dragged tiirough the streets by a mob, and he liad found it im possible, with all tlie journals of the city before him, to make out anything like a detailed account ofthe event, which shook the city while it lasted, so meagre were the accounts of the journals of that day. When he went back to the battle of Wa terloo lie found the London Times consis ted of nothing but advertisements. It did not volunteer an opinion. It had no dis cussion, no leading articles, no editorials, Again, he remembered well when Harri son died in 1840, an event Which, consid ering its party relations, was exceedingly critical and important in the history of the country—and yet when the hews of it reached Springfield, III., ten days after the President’s death, it found Abraham Lincoln arguing a ease in court, and he denied it, because, he said, it was not pos sible, if it were true, that it should be known there so soon. [Applause and laughter.] To-day, buy a newspaper in the street, and you may read the words that Queen Victoria is at that moment spealdng to licr Parliament. They might buy an evening paper at night and read what Bismarck said before dinner. Sudi was the enterprise and tho vast sweep of tlie press of to-day that makes humanity one. The man that reads had a telegraph wire wliidi connected him with the world, and the man that did mot-read might as well he Robinson Crusoe on his island. A Brainal” Sapper. A good brainal supper, recommended by Dr. Lambert, tlie New York physiolo gist, comprises tbe following edibles: First course—Toasted crackers and toast ed cheese, in the Russian fashion, as an appetizer. Second course — Oysters on tlie hnlfAheil and cold cabbage. Third course—Sardines in oil. Fourth couns- Codlish and cream. Fifth course—Lobster salad. Sixth course—Stewed tripe and jreen peas. Seventh course'—Calves’ Drains oil toast. Graham bread and oaten grits, wheat grits with cream. Dessert— Baked sweet apples and baked sour apples. Drinks—Cold water. If, as some one lias said, “ a numerous household is the safety of the republic,” it might as well be proclaimed at once that tlie remedy upon which such house-, hold should he reared is Dr. Bull’s Baby Syrup. Price only 25 cents. Always re liable.- j The above is the title ofthe latest pub lication ofthe translation of the great French Novelist, Emile Zolp, by Messrs'. Peterson, of Philadelphia. The present work stands out in striking contrast to L’Assamoir, received a few days since Toere the scenes depicted arefound in pla ces where harsh lines cannot bnt he seen, and places described which are full of crime and degradation. The Abbe’s Temptation, however, while dealing with lowly life with hardly the rustic of a silk dress or the flash of a dia mond about it, though depicting tbe de graded condition ofthe French peasantry, paints, in the hero of theltork, a charming picture of purity and teaches a lesson well worth the learning. The general reader; who iS-batilightl/ acquainted -with the genius of Mi Zola, wonders that he is the author of hoth. The Abbe Mauret is the devoted cure of a poor village whose people are steeped in vice and degradation. He leads a blame less life. Arduous toil and midnight vig ils dethrone his mind and he is taken to a deserted village, where he is placed in charge of a half wild neice of his uncle, Dr. Pascal. Here his mind is gradually restored, and with it come3 strength and love. The remainder ofthe hook should he read to fully appreciate its pure, simple and pathetic love passages. A Ltgal Quibble for once at a Lis* count. We learn from a late dispatch to the Pest and Tribune that in a case of convic tion for tho sale of liquors to minors, which wiys taken to the Circuit Court on the ground that when the hill was en grossed the word minor was spelt miner, Judge Huntingdon decided that tho inten tion of the Legislature was to prohibit the sale to minors, not miners, and the law should he carried out. And so the guilty party was duly punished. We only wish that the same good sense and regard for justice could always obtain in our courts of law, where the most trivial omission or quibble is often made the ground for the discharge from custody of tlie guilty crim inal and disturber ofthe public peace. The Haine Count. The attention of the country is drawn just now to the official canvass ofthe late election in Maine by the Governor and Council of the State. Governor Garcelon and liis Council are all Democrats—the first Governor and Council Maine has had of that kind for many years. In the election last September there ways he short ofthe actuality, was a sliarp contest. The Democrats polled comparatively few votes. The Re publicans were confronted mainly by the so-called Greenbackers, who had won the fight tlie year before. The Republicans put forth Herculean efforts, for they were confessed to be in mortal peril, and their defeat was regarded as far - more than probable. The fate of Blaine as a candi date fertile Presidential nomination in 1880 was confessed to hang on the result. He himself has bden repeatedly stated to have paid thirty thow&nd dollars out of liis own purse in election expenses. TJ^e air was full of stories of bribery, in* timidation and other contrivances of per version, of an extraordinary character These stories were so unusual that some ofthe Boston press sent a commission into the State to inquire into them, and their report astonished the country. Under these circumstances it is not at all wonderful that when tills election should bo legally sifted by the Governor and council, the Republicans should feel themselves hurt. They were bound to be hurt badly if justice was to be done; for we presume, as a matter of fact, no in telligent man doubts that Maine was car ried by tlie foulest violations of law. Has justice and no more nor less than justice been done in the premises? ‘Has the canvassing board simply maintained the supremacy of law and right in their action, so that the closer tlie inspection the more apparent will be its rectitude? This is the question. The temporary gains of a fraudulent canvass are but tlie spoils of thieves, and will never result in any solid or beneficial acquisition. No party can afford to be guilty of unfairness —to say nothing of fraud in the canvass of elections. When* are the Members of the “So ciety for the Protection of Dumb Animals f Yesterday we saw an old negro driving a dilapidated horse attached to a . wagon, laden with a bale of cotton, evefy wheel of which seemed to be making frautic efforts to travel in the opposite direction. They wired in and wired out, creaked, screamed and appeared to he in the great est agony. , But the vehicle was by far the best part ofthe “turnout.” Don Quixote’3 Rosi- nante could furnish no parallel to tlie condition of that unfortunate beast. Of its four legs only three could be uti lized at all, the other swinging to and fro like a pendulum, and seldom ever touch ing the ground. The otiier three were stiff and cranky, so that the wonder was that the poor creature was able to move at all. Of flesh it had not an ounce, and the bony frame was covered with a muti lated hide almost hairless. A more pitiable and miserable object, we venture io say, was never seen in a civilized community. And yet the old Ethiopian brute plied the lash with re morseless vigor, urging the suffering ani mal along, though every step looked like it would be its last. We related the cir cumstance to Mrs. Rutherford, who is about the only surviving member of the S. F. D. A., and it was edifying to wit ness licr righteous indignation. Indeed, the incident so excited the indig nant sympathy of this excellent lady, that she has resolv&l to make one more effort to revive the noble society which once ex isted at least nominally in our midst. We trust the young gentlemen ofthe community will lend their aid in this no* hie undertaking. Who can forget the visit of that pure spirit, Miss Louise King,now translated to brighter sphere? Her whole heart was enlisted in the work of alleviating the misery of the brute creation.; The several drinking fountains erected by Iter bounty in various cities, our own included, are mute testimonials to the unselfish worth and charity of this exemplary woman. We trust her counsels and labors will not be foigotten, and that Mrs. Rutherford will. be ably and numerously supported in her efforts to revive the association which owes its existence to Miss King’s unselfish efforts. - - \ • A matter of choice:—Whether to suffer uninterruptedly with a cough, or to invest 25 cents for Dr. Bull’s Cough Syrup and cure it. ! hales, against 220,221, for the same week of last year. Total since 1st September last^586,041 agatust 2,171,273 for the codMPbnding period of last year;—show ing an increase of 414,768 bales. The Chronicle’s table of interior port business shows—receipts 138,341, against 106,194 last year. Shipments 109,992, against 254,129 the same week of last year. , The Chronicle's visible supply table shows 2,228,205 bales of cotton in sight last Friday night, against 2,125,508 bales at same date last year—2,005,294 at the same date in 1877, and 2,706,477 at same date in 1876. These figures show an ire crease of 102,697 bales on the supply of 1878, and 222,911 hales on the supply of 1877; and a decrease of 478,272 bales on the supply of 1876. Middling upland sold in Liverpool, last Friday, at 6 15-16. At the same date in 1878 the price was 4f. In 1877, at same date, 6 9-16, and at same date in 1878, the same. * , ’ Tlie Chronicle's weather telegrams re port a rainy week pretty generally. Texas, as usual, was light—.98 fell in Galveston, .26 in Indianola, and .70 in Corsicana. None in Dallas and Brenliam. It rained five days in New Orleans—the fall reach ing 1.28. Rained two days at Vicksburg, apd three days at Columbus, Mississippi— the rainfall in the latter place being 3.85. Little Rock had .45 Of rain. At Nashville it rained six days out of the seven—the fall being 8.77. Nashville reports three- quarters of her crop marketed. At Mem phis there were five days of rain, and tho fall was 3.99. The cotton at Memphis was coming into market with a rapidity be yond all precedent. At Mobile there was 1.29 of rain in the week, cotton moving freely. Montgom ery had 1.67 of rain on three days. Sel ma and Madison, Florida, not reported. Columbus, Georgia, had rain one day and 1.82 of downfall. Macon had rain one day—but plenty the next two, which did not count in that cotton week. At Savan nah the downfall was very light. At Au gusta 1A0. Crop all picked. Tiie Chop Estimate.—The Chroni cle reasons and speculates at length over the December reports of the cotton ex changes. They indicate, according to its figures, a gain of 333,910 bales, and a loss of 318,050—in other words, a net gain of 15,860 bales and a crop about the same as last year. But the Chronicle reasons that in the nature of the case, with no design to under-estimate, the fore cast will al The main pointwillbetlie length and character tlie picking season, and on these points the year has been almost unprecedented, . . El Secreto del Estrachio, or the Se cret Strait. The above is the term that the Span- ■iards applied to wliat was supposed to be a narrow opening of water somewhere on the coast of .-North and South America, connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. In 1500, Vincent Y. Pinton dis covered the mouth of the Amazon, and that broad river for some years was sup posed to be the passage way between the two oceans. But Balboa, in .1513, crossed tlie Isthmus of Panama, ana from a lofty eminence beheld both oceans. Since that period many attempts have been made by the Port ugese, Spanish and Eng lish to discover some water communica tion between them without' success. At length it became known that no such pas sage existed, and then the expedient of canal began to be entertained. In Ills history of the Indies, as early as 1551, this was proposed by Gomeras, through one of tliree ofthe identical lines now under consideration. The government of Spain however did not encourage the scheme, wishing to ex clude the world from entering her newly acquired territories. It is related however, that William Patterson, the founder of the Bank of England, towards the end of tlie seventeenth century, actually did found Scotch Colony on lhe Isthmus of Darien where they “could reap the gains of trade from both oceans.” Patterson thus wrote of liis project; “The door of the seas and key of the treasure, Darien, with any thing of a reasonable management, will enable its proprietor to give laws to both oceans.” But owing to the opposi tion of the Dutch West India Company and we suppose the insalubrity of the site, the settlement was abandoned. Af terwards during the premierslilp of the elder Pitt another attempt was made hy him in cooperation with General Miranda of New Grenada, and other States, to open up the proposed navigation between the oceans. But the attempt proved a faiiiire. Iu 1814 the enterprise was again revived hy the Spanish Cortes, but in con sequence of the revolt of the American Colonies it was abandoned. Next, ip 1842, Mexico conferred upon Don Jose de Garay the right of building this inter-oceanic canal, and a survey was actually made, and tlie necessary funds sought to be raised for that purpose in England. At the conclusion of our war with Mexico, this grant was transferred to P. A. Hargares, of New York. Then fol lowed tho survey of Major Barnard, U. S. A., in 1851, hy the way of Lake Nicara gua. At this point, all further operations were suspended by the revocation of the grant on the part of the Mexican govern ment. Grants, however, were again made in 1857 and 185S, and the surreys renewed and completed. The three different routes deemed most practicable are as follows: First, the Isthmus of Darien; second, the route by Lake Nicaragua, and, third, the Tehuan tepec route. Almost insurmountable difficulties in terpose themselves to the completion of either Of these routes. D. Farrand Henry, an eminent engin eer, in a recent paper read before a scien tific association in Detroit, treating of the various proposed canal routes, says: The principal points selected for a ca nal on the Isthmus of Darien are a. fol lows: First, from the Gulf of San Beas to the Bay of Panama; by tlie walling of the Chepo or Bayano rivers. This canal would be twenty-seven miles in length and the whole route thirty-five miles. But as there is no water at tlie summit 372 feet above the sea level, to feed locks it would have to be at the sea level and would re quire a tunnel .ten miles in length. Second, from Caledonia bay to the junc tion of Sueuhli and Chucunagua rivers, thence to tlie junctien of the Sara and Sa- vana rivers to the bay of San Miguel. Tliis route is advocated by Dr. Cullen. Fine harbors are found at each end of the route, hut no water at the summit, so that it would have to be a through canal, hav ing a length of 35 miles and a tunnel of about 7^ miles, tho entire route being about 90 miles. This route is celebrated as being the only one traveled by Bnlbao in 1513, and also the wilderness which witnessed the suffering of Lieutenant Strain and party, so.graphically described in Harper’s Monthly -some twenty years ago. At 3| mileS'from Caledonia bay the ditide has an (delation of 360 feet. The summit is 1,000 feet. The third is Com modore Selfridge’s route up tbe river Atrato 150 miles, to and up the valley of the Rio Nappi, ■ and thence by canal to Chiri-chiri hay on the Pacific, 28 miles long, in all 178 miles. This would re quire a tunnel of 3 miles in length, pene trating a ridge 660 feet high, and 23 jocks with a combined lift of 240 feet. The fourth route ascends the Atrato river to Caricaca pass and thence to the head wa ters oftlie Tuyra river and down the latter to the bay of San Mig uel. The lowest point on the divide is 410 feet, with no water for the supply of locks. The fifth route is the “Rospadu- ra canal,” so called, which was found on many old charts, and alleged to have been an ancient canal connecting the liead waters of tlie river Atrato with those of the Ran Juan. This is now disproved, but the Indians may have had a canal portage by this route. The sixth route is a route to tlie west of tlie Panama railroad, lately advocated by M. Iiesseps. Here the sum mit is about 300 feet above the sea level, and a through cut would require a tunnel ten or twelve miles long and one tide lock. If a lift canal, a cut through the sum mit 170 feet deep would have to be made, and twelve lift locks on each side, with one tide lock on the Pacific, the whole ca nal being forty-five miles long, with a via duct across the Chagres four and three- quarter miles long. The last of these routes is the one the presidency of which has been tendered to General Grant. To judge from tlie obsta cles in liis path M. Lessep3 will not only require the services of the General who, after breaking the heads of his legions so often against the serried columns of Lee, still resolved “to fight it out on the same line all summer,” but a very large slice of French capital. Tlie salient question is, how will the canal which will cost even by the estimate of the projector over $140,000,000, ever pay remunerative dividends? To the United States government the present railroad to the Pacific and the speedy completion of at least one more line across the continent, will be amply sufficient for all freight and military pur poses, and moreover, passing through our own territory can never be intefercd with by outside nations. Again, according to the plan submitted by Mr. Eads, and that ef Engineer Henry himself, a marine or ship railway can be constructed across the Isthmus" for about $50,000,000, which would entirely super sede the necessity of a canal, and prove far more expeditious. The plan proposed is the building of huge water-tight cais sons, into which the ships could be placed and floated, the whole to be ran upon an ordinary railroad track, and be pulled by powerful steam locomotives. This project appears to us to bo by far the most feasible yet offered to the public. It will probably have the effect of flank ing M. Lcsseps, and his great card and co adjutor, General Grant. The Railroad Convention—Bruns wick Aroused and Enthusiastic. The following dispatch shows that the people most directly interested in the lease and future extension and success of the Macon and Brunswick railroad,are re solved to have a voice in the disposition of this important State property: Brunswick, December 16th, 1879. Editors Telegraph and Messenger:—A large and enthusiastic meeting was held here last night, at which Hon. J. B. Ha- DerSRam presided, ana JUr. vr. E. Kny acted as Secretary. After tlie delivery of several speeches, ten delegates were se lected to attend the proposed railroad con vention, to be held iu Macon on the 30tli instant. Brunswick is thoroughly arous ed to the importance and necessity of prompt action upon this vital subject. Other equally pronounced responses from various communities and respectable indi viduals have been received, evincing the intense interest felt by Southern and Middle Georgia in this lease question. Why should foreign parties, perhaps inimical to the best interests of tlie people of South Georgia, he allowed to intervene and obtain possession of a road which ought to be owned and controlled by the proprietors of the soil, the towns and villages which it has called into ex istence and the terminal cities thereto ? If such should prove to he tlie case, whom will we have to blame hut ourselves ? The time is getting short, and we trust soon to receive the pleasing intelligence that every county interested in this road, or its proposed extension to Covington and Atlanta, will be represented here on the 30th instant by its best and most substan tial citizens. If themselves, unable to lease the road, their influence, at least, will have a poten tial effect in the decision of -the question, In any event, it behooves us to see that our rights and interests are not suffered to go by default. Farm for Sake The home place of the late Samuel B. Hunter, Esq., on the Forsyth road, is offered for sale. Sea ad vertisement. A Very Doubtful Story. Tlie Washington Star says: “It has been reported in political circles for some days that Tilden Intends at an early day to issuo an address to the National De mocracy defending the course he has pur sued, announcing that he is not a candi date for the Presidential nomination, and declaring Ins preference for that nomina tion to be Speaker Randall. Whether this report be true or not, it is credited by many Democrats in Washington.” Having used Dr. Bull’s Cough Syrup for tho last few days, to my gratification I find it did me a great deal of good. Iliad a veiy severe cold, which it cured in a few days. C. C. Robertson, 139 Main st., Lynchburg, Va. . Fire. This morning at half past one o’clock, an alarm of fire was sounded by the city bells. A few moments previous, officers Fennell and Murphy, who had come on duty at twelve o’clock, discovered it burning at the side or alley door ofthe store of Mr. R. S. Wynn on Third street. The blazo had just reached the inside of the store and was fast gaining head way. Enough could be seen, however, to show that the fire was set from the out side, the wood work of the door being saturated with kerosene, and cotton also saturated being used freely. They sounded the alarm, officer Mur phy ran to the Court House, but found the bell rope cut. Mr. Wynn, brother of the proprietor, was sleeping in the second story, and was awakened and called down. Two alarms were rung, and the department called out in full force. The store and the one adjoining, occu pied by Mr. Morris Elkan were opened andtlieircontentsplacedin the street. The firemen did some heroic work, and after a great effort the flames were controlled. Muck damage was done to both stocks of goods hy water and moving. A circumstance that rendered the work of the firemen more perilous was the re port that on last evening ten kegs of pow der were delivered -by Mr. Wynn by the city magazine keeper. SUPERIOR COURT. The Burge Case-A Hung Jury. Yesterday in the Superior Court the taking of evidence for the defense was re sumed, Mr. F. T. Abel was sworn and testified to the general diaracter of Mr. Toler, tlie deceased, and represented liis reputation as being veiy had. He had had a dif ficulty with him once himself. Mr. D. W. Durret was also sworn for the defense and testified to having been at the scene of the homicide immediately af ter it occurred and testified as to the po sition in which the body was lying. He where all the circumstances of the' SinS 4 was not present at the time of the firing, 5 11 ,abandoned and malignant "i,,.!!!? but heard the pistol and went there im mediately after. When he next saw the body the position had been changed from the position in which he had first seen it. It appeared as if it had been turned over. Mr. W. H. Jones, who was indisposed on Monday, was placed on the stand for rebuttal by the defense, and gave evi dence as follows: [Some of the circum stances ofMr. Jones’ testimony, which have been published in the evidence pre sented yesterday, in which all witnesses agree, are omitted in this report.] Toler came to my store and asked for Mr. Burge. He said he wanted to give liim a piece of his mind. [The circum stances ofMr. Toler’s calling Mr. Burge to the back of the store, and the talking between the two men at that place, was repeated substantially as published.] To- lersaid he was not armed and would whip him (Bulge) anyway he wanted. Toler had liis hand on "liis kip as if he liad a pistol. Mr. Toler followed Burge to the door, and told him: “Clear out, you infamous, cowardly scoundrel,” or some thing like that. He never spoke after he was shot. Jack Roberts called to me: “Let’s part them.” When shot Toler sprang on Burge and downed him. We then went forward to them. They were on the floor. Both rose up and Toler fell almost on me, tlie blood flowing from his mouth, nose and ears. When the shoot ing occurred they were not three feet apart. I did not leave the store until af ter Jack Roberts and I searched him. He had some sewing machine needles, a pocket-hook and a pocket-knife. It was shut. I was nearest to them; not three feet away, except the space of the coun ter. Jack Roberts, when the pistol fired, was in the middle way of the store. Cross examined—I believe Binge would have run out, if the side door liad been open. Objection made and sustained. Q. Tell this jury what Tbleris conduct was toward getting up a difficulty. Witness—Burge haa to walk a ’ound the table, and Toler prevented him, and told him to “stop, you cowardly scoundrel, till I tell you a piece of my mind.” Bulge finally got around, and made for the door. I expected a difficulty between them, Toler abused liim all along for a cow ard, scoundrel, low down vagabond and such like epithets. Did you not state on the former trial that you would not have stood the abuse as long as he did? Objected to and objection sustained. Toler tried to keep ahead of Bulge while he was at the table in tlie back part of the store. Mr. William Foster, sworn in rebuttal for the defense, testified that he knew Mr. Toler three years, and that he was a quiet man as far lie knew. Colonel J. B. Cumming also testified that he never had heard anything against Toler as a peaceable man. The State here closed. Tire prisoner was put on the stand and made liis statement substantially as fol lows: On or about the 20th of February, 1873, I liad the unfortunate difficulty. I went to Mr. Jones’store. Smith and Toler were standing neartWe door. I said, “Good even ing, gentlemen.” I went back to get some water, ana srartca out. xoier stooa witn his hand behind him. I anticipated no difficulty. I saw he was very excited, and told liim that he was excited, and I would see him another time; that I did not want to talk to a man about business when he was so excited, but that I could explain the matter at another time; that the mat ter between me and his brother was ami cably settled. I had just taken out the attachment, I made out the account and Mitchell issued the attachment. I tried to leave the store. Toler would catch me violent manner by the lappel of my coat, and say “Stand! I want satisfaction.” He called me a “puppy,” etc. I tried to get around him. Did get ahead of him near the door. I said did not want a difficulty with a man who had liis hand on a deadly weapon. When near tlie door, he struck me in the back with liis left hand, shoved me around and I thought that was my time and shot. He was a more powerful man than I was, and I was afraid of him; he intimated that all he wanted was to get me outside of the store to finish me. I knew his character for violence; lie had several difficulties in East Macon and killed a man elsewhere; I gave liim no provocation; I acted purely in self defense, The case was opened by Solicitor-Gen eral Bartlett. Colonel W. A. Lofton followed in a close, compact and forcible argument of an hour and a quarter for the defense, in which tlie law and tho facts were both argued to the jury, Judge Clifford Anderson followed for the defense in one of those clear, forcible speeches for which he is so well known and which have won for liim tlie reputa tion of being one of the first criminal law yers in the State. Mr. Bariett closed for the State in c speech of fifty minutes, and made a re markably fine argument. Every circum stance was reviewed, the facts collated, the law in all of its bearings applied to the facts and the argument closed with a fine peroration. His speech evidently had great influence on the jury. Judge Simmons delivered the following clear charge: You have been sworn and empanelled to try John W. Burge for the crime of murder. The indictment which you have before you, charges and accuses said Burge with the crime of murder, in that he on or about the 20tlr of February, 1S7S, shot and killed one, John C. Toler, with malice aforethought. Bulge pleads not guilty to the charge; and that is the issue for the jury to try under the law and tes timony in the case. Burge does not deny that ho shot and killed Toler; he admits that lie did so, but says he was justified in doing so, be cause he did it in self-defense, to save his own life. This is the issue for the jury to try under the evidence. Before you can come to a proper conclusion in this case, as to whether the offense is murder, man slaughter, or justifiable homicide, it is necessary for you to kuow the law’ upon these points. It becomes my duty to give you that law in charge. ' Harder is the unlawful killing of a human being, in the peace of the State, by a person of round memory and discre tion, with malice aforethought, either ex press or implied. Express malice is that deliberate intention, to take away the life of a fellow creature, which is manifested by external circumstances capable of proof. Mojica shall be implied when no considerable provocation appears, and when all the circurnstauees of the Trilling show an abandoned and malignant heart! To constitute tlie crime of murder, there must be an unlawful killing, and it must be done with malice aforethought. A certain state of the mind constitutes ma lice. Legal malice is not ill-will or hat red as is generally supposed. It is an in tention to kill under such circumstances as would hot justify, or in any way excuse tho killing should it, the killing, take place in pursuance of such, intention. Whenever a killing by unauthorized violence is shown, the law presumes that show that it was done tv if . then devolves upouYbe ***«, it “ay be removed by proof F^ SU “ Ilti011 ice, as I b ave tnU V’ , ■ • m»t_ intention unlawful)!!'’*!? , t,l l at delib erate life of a fellow-el^, 1 l akc a ' r ay the feted by external^-’ lr . Lldl is “ani- of proof, such as lvin- ^ tanccs “Pable previous grudges, threats, nutting tlie act, etc. Ifexnrp«™ r com ~ not shown, the law DW5 ‘' e is no considerable provocation 1 -,!!;^ where all the cireumsUnc« SS,? 1 The and “alKntfe The deliberate intention to kill ^ exist. If it does not exist at the lulling, the offense is not murder 11 ” It is not necessary that this delfemn, intention should exist for any partSr length of time prior to the killing/ ISBlf "■‘■•'k uniSg,R These are the rules of law which should govern you m coming to your conclusion! whether the accused is guilty of munlS or not. Look to the evidence and sav whether a case of murder is made out. Does the proof show that Burge intends to kill Toler? If it does, Xs k S W that it was done under such circumstance* as would justify him, or in any way excucA him for the killing ? If it does, then sa v it is not murder. If the proof shows that he had a deliberate intention to kill Tolar, and it does not show that he was justified, or in any way excus able, then you would he authorized to find him guilty of murder. You must determine these questions from the evidence. If, after an impartial investigation of the evidence, you come to the conclusion that the defendant is not guilty of mur der, then it will be your duty to ascertain whether he is guilty of manslaughter or not. Read sections 4324 and 4325 ofthe Code. Now look to the evidence and see whether it makes out a ease of voluntary manslaughter. “An assault is an attempt to commit a violent injury upon the person of anoth er.” Did Toler make an actual assault upon Bulge, or did Toler attempt to commit a serious personal injury upon Burge? Or were there other equivalent circumstances to justify the excitement of passion, and to exclude all idea of deliber ation or malice, either express or im plied. If you believe that either one of these things happened, then you would be guilty of voluntary manslaughter, pro vided that you do not believe that be was justified in the killing under another sec tion of the code, which I will presently read you. Read sections 4,330, 4,331, 4,333 of code. Felony means an offense for which the offender, on conviction, shall be liable by law to be punished by death or imprison ment in the penitentiary.’ Now, does the proof show that Toler manifestly inten ded or endeavored by violence or surprise to commit a felony on Burge. Did he in tend or endeavor to commit a crime which would have sent him to the penitentiary or taken his life if he had succeeded? £f you believe that Toler did this, then Burge was justified in killing him. A bare fear of any of these offenses would not justify liim. The circumstances must be sufficient to excite the fears ofa reason able- man. Not the fears of an unreasonable man, or of a poltroon, but of a man with reason sufficient to judge ofthe circumstances with which he is surrounded. It must appear that tlie danger was so urgent and pressing at the time of the killing that in order to save his own life the killing was absolutely necessary. Now, gentlemen, look at the evidence on these points. Were the circumstances which surrounded Burge at tlie time of the killing sufficient to excite the fears of « «>«eonal)1e man, and did he act under lhe influence of tnese rears, ana mm in < spirit of revenge? Was bis danger so ur gent and pressing at the time of the killing that it was absolutely necessary to kill Toler to save liis own life? If you an swer these questions in the affirmative from the evidence, you should find Burge not guilty. If they are not true under the evidence, you should not acquit him, hut find him guilty of such offense as you believe the evidence shows him to have committed. There are some rules which should govern you in considering the evi dence, which I'desire to give you before you go to your rooms. One of them is, that if the testimony is conflicting you must reconcile it, if you can, so as to im pute perjury to-none' of the witnesses. If you cannot reconcile it, then you may give credit to that witness or those wit nesses who, from their position, had the best means of knowing what they are tes tifying about, and the least inducement to conceal the truth. You may also look to their manner of testyfying on the witness stand, their interest, if they have any, and their relationship to the parties. Tlie law also allows the defendant in all criminal trials to make liis statement to the jury, the statement not under oath,and allows the jury to give that statement just such force and effect as they see prtper. You may believe the statement of the de fendant in preference to the sworn testi mony if you see proper, or disbelieve it if you see proper. The defendant begins tliis trial with the presumption of innocence in liis favor, anti that remains until removed by proof. The proof must show that he is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. His guilt cannot be shown to an absolute certainty, that cannot be done by testimony in court. But liis guilt must be made plainly to appear. You must Jiave that degree of mental assurance before which a prudent man acts without hesi tation in reference to matters of the highest concern to himself. This doubt must he a reasonable one, growing out of the testimony or the want of testi mony. If, pfter honest and impartial ex amination of the testimony, the mind of the impartial juror is wavering and unset tled, unsatisfied, that is the doubt of the law, and he should be acquitted. If that doubt docs not exist, it would be his duty to convict. If you believe liim guilty beyond a reasonable doubt of murder, say so by your verdict. If you do not so bolicve, pass on to voluntary manslaughter, ana see whether he is guilty of that. If 5 0U should so find, you can express it in your verdict. If you find him not guilty is murder or of manslaughter, acquit him. The punishment for murder of death, unless the jury trying the case should recommend to the mere f of the Court. If the jury so recom mend, it reduces the punishment from death to imprisonment for life. If, therefore, you believe the defendant is guilty of murder, you can recom mend liim to mercy and imprisonment for life. At a quarter before six the case was given to the jury. Up to a late hour last night no verdict had been rendered, and the impression was gaining ground that a mistrial would be the result. The following are the names of the ju rors engaged in tho case: N. B. Ousley, Virgil A. Marshhum, Moses Tucker, E- C. .Pierce, E. M. Davis, Sargent Thom as, Geoige W. Findlay, L. M. Fred Ingraham, William Stephan, .v«° n Thomas, J. C. Van Syckel. The case has been in the courts near y seven years. It lias been once tried, an a verdict of voiuntaiy manslaughter rea * dered. A new trial was granted by Judge Hill, not by the Supreme Court, and tha case has been continued several times. It was thought at one time yesterday that the case would have to he suspended, on account of the severe sickness of one ot the jurors, Mr. E. C. Pierce, but he fortu nately recovered sufficiently to^continuc Tlie Superior Cointwril nc~ Imm'W . morning for tho transaction of civil bus:* , „ - . . ness, and we are authorized to announce it was done with malice aforethought, and that iurora who havs been summoned are calls it murder, unless the accompanying | discharged. jroof shows that it was done without nial- j The case of Bllir Gus Roberts, charged ee. if the unauthorized killing be shown with murder, has been continuedjupdi and the accompanying proof does not the April tonn ofthe court.