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EORGIA JOURBiAL .* MESSENGER CL1SBY, JONES A REESE, Pbofbtxtobs. Tbi Fjlmilt Journal.—Kifft—Politics—Litsbatubb—Asiicultcki—Domcsti: GEORGIA TELEGRAPH BUILDING Established 1826. MACON, TUESDAy, FEBRUARY 3. 1880. Volume LiV—NO 5 DEAD OS THE TRACK. S Irons Suspicion* or a Toni Murder. Sunday morning last, as the down pas senger train was nearing the 174 mile post, rounding a sharp curve, the engineer, Mr. L. N. Arden, and Ids fireman, discovered tlie'body of a man lying on the road bed. <jj ie distance was so short that the train could not l»e stopped until it had passed over tire body. When the conductor and fireman came back to the body they found it shockingly mutilated, the clothing tom entirely from it, even the shoes and socks, and life extinct. Leaving the body in charge of some of the section hands and the pay train, the train proceeded to Gor don, when Mr. William Stevens, Road- master of the Central Railroad, was noti fied, and lie dispatched a crank car to the scen£ of the accident. Arriving there the body was identified as Mr. J. C. Patter son, a resident of Gordon. A messenger was sent for the Coroner, and the body placed on a car and taken to Gordon. Upon inquiry it was ascertained that Mr. Tatterson had gone to No. 17J, Cen tral Railroad, where a shooting match was to be held Saturday, and there began drinking. He was known to have had on his person Saturday afternoon over $100. When found, nothing was on his person but a little day-book and a pack of cards. Absence of the money aroused grave suspicions of murder. The report gained rapid circulation that the unfortunate man had been foully dealt with. Last evening in an interview with Mr. P. N. Elkins, the fireman on the engine of the down day passenger which ran over the body, gave the following account of the occurrence: We were going along at a lively rate and when about a hundred and fifty yards from the body, Mr. Arden and my self discovered something on the track. When in about fifty yards of it, I saw it was a man. We were too near it when we first saw it, to stop the train, although every effort was made to do so. We were on a heavy down grade of about fifty-two feet to the mile. We ran over the body about seven or eight cars’ lengths when we stopped. We had five cars—four coaches and a stock car. We stopped and Conduc tor Charlton and myself went back. The flesh ofthe body was quivering and smoking some, but I did not notice whether it was warm or not. It was frightfully mangled. The right arm and leg were cut off, th* former was found in his coat sleeve, which was also severed. His other two limbs were frightfully mangled, and many cuts extended across his back. The rear portion of the skull was crushed and tom away. lie was the worst looking corpse I ever saw. His person was entirely de nuded. Soon after wejstopped, two men came up from in front of the engine, enquiring who the dead man was, and we left them there when we went on. A bullet hole was found in the face of the dead man below the eye. Mr. Anlen, the engineer, and myself, were be fore the Coroner’s jury. Dr. Jones, of Gordon, who also appeared, testified that the hole was made by a bullet, and that nothing about'the engine could have pro duced ft. There was but very little blood on the cross ties where the body was dragged, and the wounds on his person were not bleeding. From all appearances it would seem that the unfortunate man was murdered and placed in the track. Suspicion points strongly to two men who were seen with deceassed on the evening before, and are reported to be the same who came up to the body just after the train stopped. The Central railroad furnished a coffin, and yesterday afternoon the remoins were interred in Gordon. BY TELEGRAPH Chicken Main In Charleston. Last night Mr. Charles Brown, the well known chicken man, left on the Macon and Augusta road for Charleston, where, on Thursday, a chicken main will be fought between the fancy cocks of South Carolina and the celebrated Sliawlnecks of Georgia. He took with him thirty* seven of the most beautiful Shawlnccks ever seen in this State. He has every confidence in his chickens, and feels cer tain Georgia will come out victorious: The exact breed of the South Carolina fowls was not known. The mala will last four days and will precede the Charles ton races, which follow directly after. The purses on each fight will be quite large. A large crowd left last evening on the same train to be present at the main. litspicsrPaHy, i., i Yesterday Macon’s social circles-' were somewhat agitated by the sending and reception of little tinted missives convey ing invitations to a leap year party to take place this evening at one of the ele gant residences of this city. The average society young man has been ever since the affair was agitated, in that delightful state of uncertainty ‘which is supposed to exist with the ladies previous to receiving an invitation to any entertainment. Yesterday the social lightning struck, as it were, and happiness or gloom succeeded. In the hurry of the moment and the novelty of the situa tion, a variety of answers were returned to the invitations; one young man accepted “with the greatest pleasure,” another “with extreme happiness,” each drawing his draft on the adjective fund as large as the circumstances would allow. One young gentleman insisted the pleasure “would be his ingoing with bis fair.pro- tector not hers in taking him.” The note, however, which tcok the premium for ex pressive terseness and directness, read: Miss Your invitation 'received. ,1 tumble. Yours sincerely . And now it is a question ■ as to whether the fair reader ofthe missive “tumbles”.to the ex act meaning which he desired officially to convey. ,,, , . Attempted Suicide. •!;! Yesterday morning Hr. Blacksbcar was summoned in haste to attend what wa$ thought to he a dying woman by the name of Belle Bishop, who resides on Fifth street near the carshed. When he arriv ed he found that shfew'as suflering- from audanum|poisonlngj ‘ Atropia and stom-. ach pumps, to counteract the effects of the poison, were resorted to, and after great effort her life was saved. She had writ ten several letters to her friends stating, what she intended to do, alleging as the reason that the man she loved had desert-- cdher. Boston, January 25.—Specials from Augusta say there is much dissatisfaction among the Fusioaists, who assert that Garcelon traded with the Republicans, and plotted with Chamberlain to deliver the State House to the Republicans. The State House officials, positive Fusionists, were to have captured the State House last night,-but the precautious measures prevented It. The Governor has been advised by some of his friends to order the entire military force of the State to Augusta at once, to be ready to disperse the Fusionlst Govern ment on Monday. Military advisers of the Governor be lieve the true policy Is to end the dual Government at once. Boston, January 25.— The Herald's Augusta special says the Fusionist Gov ernor Smith, to-night issued a proclama tion to the people of the State, defining his views of the situation and Ins inten tion as to the future. The document is as follows: To the Citizens of Maine : My attention has been called to the re peated assembling of armed bodies of men and military companies at the Capi tol of the State, causing unnecessary ex citement and disturbing the peace, and I deem it due to my fellow-citizens to ad vise those of tlie fact that this display of force is without any just couse, and serves to keep up excitement and divert atten tion from the revolutionary proceedings by which a party caucus undertook to or ganize a State government. I have already publicly declared and now repeat that the political party and friends with whom I act have at no time contemplated a resort to force to secure their rights. No force has been organized —none has been called for; nor have we had any here at any time. We rely upon the constitution and laws of the State, and the honest judgment of the people for the vindication of our cause. The police force, authorized by Governor Garcelon and placed under charge of the Superin tendent of Public Buildings for the pro tection of the public property and the leg islature against any resistance which had been threatened in excited public assem blies, was discharged almost immediately after the Legislature had assembled and oiganized. Since- that time all the forces, both police and military, have been under control of the Republican organization without the presence of any force to oppose them, and without any just grounds for imposing upon the credulity of the people. The lawful government of the State has been excluded from the State house through military usurpation. The State house is at the present time filled with armed men. A Gatling gun covers tlie entrance and the State is subject to an expense of thousands of thrthnb dally,' for the purpose of main taining this military show. It is-proper that onr people should consider these mat ters, and whether or not they are willing to countenance and support such higli- handed outrages upon their liberties. Arc they ready and willing to yield their rights as freemen, and became slaves to forces which are thus burdening them with taxa tion, and undermining and destroying their free institutions. I have no fear but that tbe honest and intelligent sentiment of our citizens will discountenance this military usurpation and uphold the legal government in its efforts for peace and or der and to promote the welfare of the State. Joseph L. Smith, Governor. New York, January 25.—The exami nation began yesterday in tbe Supreme Court at chambers into the troth of al leged cruelty and abuse of children by Mr. and Mrs. Cordley, managers of the Shepherd’s Fild. Great publicintcrcstis shown In the examination. The testimony of the father of a former inmate and a lit tle girl sustained the charges. That of a teacher stated that some ddldren came there diseased, wretched and hungry. • Atlanta, January 25—Two men who were engaged without license in enticing the negroes of Morgan county, Ga., to go to Mississippi were arrested to-day and fined one hundred and fifty dollars and costs under a stringent State law against such practices. Paris, January 25.—In the Chamber of Deputies to-day, while discussing the bill relating to public meetings, Louis Blanc insisted that the right of meetings and forming associations be absolutely as free as in tbe United States and England. Newark, N. J., January 20.—The factor}' of the Western Electric Light Company was damaged by fire, this morn ing, to the amount of ten thousand dol lars. Many machines and patterns were destroyed. The supposed origin of the fire was an overheated flue. The loss is fully covered by insurance. Washington, January 26.—In the House Sir. Clarke, of Missouri, presented the credentials of J.F. Phillips as Reppej- tentative elect from the Seventh Congres 1 Slonal District of Missouri. The oatli of office (ironclad) was administered to that gentleman, though Garfield, of Ohio, called attention to tlie fact that his certifi cate of election was signed by the Secreta ry ofthe State, and not by the Governor ofMissouri. The Speaker then proceeded to call the States for bills. In the Senate Mr. Bayard announced his intention to speak upon his resolution to-morrow. On motion of Mr. Ferry, Wednesday of this week was set apart for the delivery of eulogies upon tlie life and character of the late Senator Chandler. After tlie presentation and reference of a number of petitions and nio- morials, tlie President laid before the Senate a communication from'the Secretary of tbe Navy, in answer to a Senate resolution, stating that, in his judgment, the interests of the country and the naval service do not require that the Pensacola Navy Yard be put in a slate of efficiency, and transmitting an estimate of $676,000 as the cost of snch repairs, $S6,- 700 of that amount being necessary for tlio rebuilding of two marine barracks de stroyed during the war. Bills were introduced and referred, as follows: By Mr. Coke—authorizing the Secretary ofthe Interior to pay taxes accrued and to accrue on lands belonging to the Eastern band of North Carolina Cherokccs, from the fund belonging to snch band, remain ing to its credit on tbe books of tbe Indian Department. . By Mr. Gordon—to repay the State of Georgia $27,175 advanced by said State for the defense of her frontier against In dians from 1795 to 1818. By Mr. Butler—to authorize the Secre tary of War to adjust and settle the ac counts between the State of South Caro lina and the United States government. , Mr. Teller called up the bill for the re lief of Gibbs & Co., Charleston, South Carolina, and It was passed. It authorizes the payment to them of $4,577, being a balance ddo them on account of money deposited by them with the Secretary of tlie Treasury. Mr. Carpenter called up the bill to pro vide for the punishing of persons who steal hepes, males, or other property from Indians.’ After considerable discussion, it was recommitted to the Judiciary,Com* mittc, and the Senate adjourned. ’ London January 26.—Terrible distress- Fifteen persons prevails in Adrianople. —..— , were found dead from hunger in one day. M. Fousiner, a high functionary of the _ ■■ . war ministry of France for twenty-five . cd thenr tego to ^Indiana ^And worrid give London, January 26. — Right Hon. John Bright, in a speech at Birmingham on Saturday, suggested that Parliament should appoint a new Mission to go to Dublin with power to sell farms of land lords to tenants who are willing to buy them, and to advance throe-fourths of the purchase money therefor. The principal and interest to be repaid in tbirty-five years. Such a measure, Mr. Bright said, lie believed would meet tlie wants and satisfy the desires of the Irish people. Washington, January 20.—Tlie Pres ident sent to tlie Senate tlie name of Benjamin Conley to be postmaster of At lanta, Georgia. Washington, January 26.—In the House bills were introduced and referred as follows: By Mr. Manning, of Mississippi—To re organize the United States Supreme Court. It provides for an increase in the number of Justices to twenty-one, who shall he divided into three divisions, to be presided over by the Chief Justice and two assistant Chief Justices, to be appoin ted by the President from among the As sociate Justices. By Mr. Warner, of Ohio—To relieve tlie Supreme Court, to establish a Supe rior Court, and to abolish the Court of Claims. By Jlr. Richardson, of South Carolina— For a settlement of the account for arms between the State of South Carolina and tlie United States. The House then proceeded to finish the vote interrupted last Monday, upon Mr. Kelly’s motion to suspend the rules and adopt a resolution declaring tlie negotia tion by tlie President of tlie Commercial treaty, fixing the rate of duties, as an in fraction ofthe Constitution, and an inva sion of the liiglitest prerogatives of the House. .The motion was carried, and tlie resolution adopted by 175 to 62. Ad journed. Washington, January 26.—The Sen ate to-day confirmed tlie following nomi nations: James Russell Lowell, of Mas sachusetts, as Minister to Great Britain: John \V. Foster, of Indiana, as Minister to Russia; Lucius Fairclotli, of Wisconsin, as Minister to Spain; Phillip H. Morgan, of Louisiana, as Minister to Mexico; Phil lip S. Wales, of Pennsylvania, as Chief of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgeon Gen* oral of the Navy, with the relative rank of Commodore. Also, the nominations of the following postmasters: Robert G. Staples, of Portsmouth, Virginia; David S. Johnston- at Madison, Georgia, and W. A. Billings at Victoria, Texas. Washington, January 20.—Tlie Pres ident sent to tlie Senate to-day the nomi nation of Benjamin., Conley to be Post master at Atlanta, Ga. Tlie first sub-committee of the nouse Committee on Elections considered to day tlie contested case of Haralson vs, Shelly, from Alabama;'and instructed tlie clerk to notify Mr. Haralson that they will report .Thursday tor tbe full Committee, dismissing Ids appeal unless cause Is shown in the meantime why such action should not be taken. The case of Bisbee vs. Hull, from Florida, will be considered on Wednesday. Boston, January 26.—The Herald's Augusta special says the Fusion Senate met to-day with only seven members and took recess at 4 p. m. It is now thought that after bearing what tlie Supreme Court has to say to the Fusion statement and question, Governor Davis will issue his proclamation calling on tlie Fusion government to disperse and will enforce it by arrests. It is thought Wednesday will be tue last day of the dual govern ment. New York, January 26.—A fire broke out this morning in the extensive shoe shop connected with the Kings county penitentiary, at Flatbusb, Long Island. There were 425 prisoners and 360 outside hands in tlie bnilding at tlie time, but By- cool and careful management all were gotten out safely. Tbe building was en tirely destroyed. The Bay State Shoe Company had $250,000 worth of machin ery and stock in the building, which is al most a total loss. The building itself cost one hundred thousand dollars ten years ago. New York, January 26.—A Quebec special says since the recent heavy snow storm, dangerous avalanches have been falling at intervals from tbe dills beneath the citadel into tbe city. In one case three children were overwhelmed by a mass of failing snow but were dug out alive. The houses for a distance of two miles along one street are threatened with danger oi being swept away, and tlie greatest consternation prevails among their inmates. New York, January 26.—An Omaha special says tlie telephone was Successful ly worked on Sunday from St. Louis to tlie Union Pacific Transfer, on the east side of the Missonn river, a distance of four hundred and ten miles. Ordinary conversation was carried on with the ut most ease. This is said to he the longest distance over which tlie telephone has ever been'successfully operated. Bangor, Me., January 20.—The chief justice has summoned the judges of the Supreme Court to assemble here this eve ning to determine whether any and what action shall be taken upon the questions submitted by the F.usionists. As tlie court lias twice gone over the. whole ground of the controversy the session will probably be brief. New Haven, January 20.—Rev. Mr. Hayden was admitted to bail to-day in the sum of $5,000 and released. Washington, JSnuary 26.—Before the exodus conifniftee’ to-day, Warren Fear ing, clerk in one of the executive depart ments and secretary of the Emigrant Aid Society, testified to receiving letters from relatives in North Carolina reporting that colored men there are poorly paid for la bor and arc discontented. lie had read letters in an Indiana paper from negroes, saying they were delighted with their new homes there. Charles N. Utay, (slightly colored), ed itor ofthe Washington Argus, a paper da- voted to the interests of the colored race, and principal of Howard University School, testified that he is a native of North Carolina and graduate of Oberiin college and of Howard University, visits North Carolina every year, and has care fully studied tlie condition of her people. He was one of the founders of the Emi grant Aid Society, and drew up its consti tution. Its object was to aid the colored people fleeing from the oppression, such as those who were then accumulated at St. Louis, bound for Kansas. At one of tbe first meetings, however, a Mr. Menden- shall spoke, suggesting the advisability of diverting the emigrants from Kansas and sending about fire thousand into In diana, as that was a doubtful State in tbe coming election. No one hot Otay ob jected at that time. “I felt,’? he says, “that we had been - used long enough - <13 tools. The fidelity of the colored people to the Republican party bad been rewarded by the with drawal of. its protection from outrage. Therefore ho opposed longer the use o his -people by any political party, and when he saw the exodus was to lie used politically, he withdrew from tbe society. Others, though holding the same views, remained in it. He wanted emigrants to go toKnnsas, where they were invited, and could get homesteads. By answers from prominent North Carolina colored men to whom he had written, he learned that three men, Perry. Williams and Tay lor had gone among the most Ignorant ne groes and told them the government want- a half during the jest of the year. Some were promised suits of clothes. These men registered the names of those con- -——* J " 1 them from twenty- senting to go, chaining th five cents to three dollars each. The first emigrants being few in number, were well received and .immediately employed. These wrote back to their friends advising them to come, and hence, said tlie wit ness, it is easy to understand the great ex odus from North Carolina. Witness gave a favorable account of the actual condition of the colored people in North Carolina, and said the exodus therefrom “-’as uncalled for and disaster- ousto the emigrants. The Committee adjourned until Friday. Washington, January 26.—A bill was introduced in the House to-day by Mr. Springer, to amend the United States election laws. It provides that super visors of an election, where railed for by the citizens, shall be appointed by the cir cuit courts, upon the recommendation of Congressional candidates of the two prin cipal parties, and that special deputy marshals shall be similarly appointed on recommendation of tho candidates of the three principal parties. It repeals all the laws authorizing United States officers to arrest without warrant, persons for viola ting any United States election law, and prohibits interference by the supervisors or marshals with judges or inspectors of elections. Washington, January 26.—Frank H. Miller of Augusta, Georgia, was admitted to practice in the United States Supreme Court to-day, on motion of Hon. £. H. Hill. The following decisions were rendered in Southern cases: * - E. J. and Mary B. Phelps vs J. A. C. Schrader cl al., from the Southern Dis trict of Mississippi. Judgment affirmed with costs. E. T. & J. M. Worthington, administra tors, vs. Martha W. Mason, from the Eas tern District of Arkansas. Judgment af firmed. Tlie Bank of America vs. Virginia and A. D. Banks, from the Southern District of Mississippi. Judgment affirmed. Counsel to-day began the rcargument of tlie rase of tlie State of South Carolina, ex re/., Douglas & Jackson vs. Peter C. Gailliard, county treasurer. The House Committee on Ways and Means will to-morrow begin hearing upon tlie sugar question. Philadelphia, January 26.—Collec tor of Internal Revenue Ashworth, acting under instructions from Washington, to day seized the property of the Philadel phia and Reading railroad in this city to satisfy claims of the government amount ing iii the aggregate to a half million of dollars. These claims are for unpaid taxes upon the notes of the company paid out to its employes and circulated as scrip, which, under the government's consthic- tion of the law, arc liable to taxation. Columbia, S. C., Janufy 20,—Tlty-Su- preme Court has decided the lax levy act passed by the last Legislature to be in valid, and refused the Attorney General’s petition for a mandamus to compel the Comptroller General to proceed with the collection of the tax. There will be an extra session of the Legislature in Feb ruary. Dublin, January 26.—Messrs. Davitt and Brennan,, indicted for sedition, en tered tbeir appearance in tlie Court of the Queen’s Bench to-day. It is now thought that the government intends to proceed in the prosecution of all the sedi tion cases. New Orleans, January 26. — Tlie steamer Charmer, with 2,100 bales of cotton, Las been totally destroyed by fire fifteen miles above the mouth or Red. riv er. Eight lives were lost—two chamber maids, two cooks, two cabin boys, one fireman and one deck hand. The boat was valued at $130,000. No farther par ticulars are at hand. Washington, January 26.—The House committee on public lands heard argu ments this morning on Representative Conner’s bills for tho establishment of titles in Hot Springs, Arkansas. Two more arguments are to be made to-morrow, after which tlie committee will probably report the bill with some amendments, Havana, January 26. — Repeated shocks of an earthquake have occurred during tlie past week in the Vuelto Abajo district and have been particularly heavy at San Christobal. The public buildings of the latter place are in ruins and seven teen members of the civil guard have been injured by falling walls. Tlie insurgent chiefs Carillo andScrafin Sanchez have been defeated in Circo Villas district with the loss‘of'.four killed and a munber wounded.''''Among the latter is Lieutenant Colonel Vidal Picli. Augusta, Me., January 26.—Both Houses of the Fusion Legislature reas sembled at four o’clock, but .adjourned until to-morrow without transacting any business. Tbe Fusionists ' are in better spirits to-day. The most of their men have returned and will remain until an answer is received from the Supreme Court*. - Augusta, Me., January 26.—Both branches of the regular Legislature to-day passed resolutions providing for. a Consti tutional amendment for electing the Gov ernor by a plurality instead of a majority vote. The Senate appointed a committee on the investigation ofthe enlistment and enrollment of men, and on tlie loss of foq State seal. A Suggestion to k tJT<T Macon Volun teers. AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT. EDITED BY General Wm. M. BROWNE, Professor of History and Agriculture in the University of Georgia. The Compost Heap. There is nothing more worthy of the farmer’s careful attention at this time ban the’ compost heap. By the proper Smd timely hsc of the materials which he possesses upon his fann—cotton seed and lot manure—and by the purchase from the manufacturer of other ingredients which are not costly, he ran make upon his own place a pile of manure containing all the elements of plant food. It Is well known that the most expensive ingredient of all bought fertilizers is ammonia. This is furnished in abundance in our cotton seed. Every bale of cotton that we make furnishes seed enough to yield eighty pounds of this valuable constituent of ma nure, besides a small amount of potash and phosphoric acid. If we would com post this seed now in the proportion say of750 pounds cotton seed, 750 pounds ma nure and 500 pounds acid phosphate, we shall have at corn planting time a ton of first-class-manure at a very small outlay. Nothing indeed but the cost of the acid phosphate (about ljc per pound) and of the labor of mixing. The sooner the com pound Is made the better it will be. The process is simple and rapid. First make a layer of cotton seed from six to eight inches thick, then *■ layer.of stable ma nure, then sprinkle the acid phos phate* then another layer of cotton .seed, and so on, until tbe pile is complete, when the whole should either be covered with a thick layer of earth ora copious sprinkling of gypsum, to retain tbe ammo nia. The cotton seed contains phosphoric acid, but not in sufficent quantity. The deficiency is supplied by the addition of the acid phosphate. The per centage of available phosphoric acid in the acid phosphates of commerce varies. . The greater tho per centage, of course the more valuable. That prepared at the Georgia Chemical- Works, of Augusta, by recent analysis, was found to contain 13.75 of available phosphoric acid. Some farmers, to savo trouble and time, mix the cotton seed and tlie acid phosphate in the soil, believing this mode as effectual as tlie more troublesome and slower mode of composting.- My opinion is that tliis is a mistake, and for this reason. If the mixture be made in tlie soil, owing to tlie freOBaccess of Oxygen, slow decay is more likely to take place than putrelaction, and a consequent loss of nitrogen. But in the compost heap the cotton seed from mois- sure sprout, and the young plants, from contact with the acid and 'from tbe beat and from want of oxygen and light, die, and then become subject to putrefaction. The nitrogen uniting with tiie hydrogen forms ammonia, which is seized by tbe phosphoric acid and retained. The writer has made personal test of this mattgf and lias become satisfied that the compost heap, made above ground, in the manner indicated, six weeks or two months before using, is much more effect ive than mixing the green cotton seed and the acid phosphate in the soil. THE RAILROAD COMBINATION. The Modem Negro Trade. The “horrors of the middle passage,” over which the world has been eloquent for many years, and.the domestic trade in “flesh and blood” have given place,at last, . . , | . .. . to a new and improved speculation in the * er Uieir g.gantic New York negro as freight. The ambition to secure Purchase ofthe St. Louts, Nashville and What Mr. Hewcomb Hu to Say on the Subject—Other Items. Messrs. Standiford and Newcomb, af- heavy returns from a negro passenger Chattanooga Road, have at length re traffic was alleged to be a prime 1^ f“ cd ^ -»-rnout to Louisville, to tbe negro emigration from Mississippi'A Coar.^-Joarna/ reporter iost no time and Louisiana to Kansas last spring, and in m ervie^ hem^ -W. Stami^rd paid railway agents were bmy in ™ too.much f&^edtA'ta’lk butthe those States securing passengers at certain flowing ^colloquy ended-with Vice agreed bounties per head. _ _ , ... .. According to testimony before the Sen- the Gould syndicate controls the Louis- ate committee on the emigration from ville and Nashville Road? North Carolina to Indiana, the same I Mb. Newcojid—There is no truth state of facts exists in North Carolina. ■ whatever hi ft- . , > . t» , , I- Reporter—You have heard the ab- Agents ofthe Baltimore and Ohio road sur d rumor about the Pennsylvania Rtul- were very active in securing this travel, road leasing the Louisville and Nash- They canvassed the field themselves and ville? secured active and influential colored ! tL ° Sligbt ' ; .... . , | est idea that it will be done, agents to fan] the flames and secure pas- | Reporter—Is there any possibility sengers, paying the latter one dollar per that tho lease of the Central Geoigia rail head for emigrants secured. Flaming hand bills were also circulated promising the negroes plenty of work in road will be consummated ? Mr. Newcomb—We requested Colonel Cole to hold this and all such matters in abeyance until we had a conference with Indiana at $1.50 per day and fine suits; o j him, not being sufficjently advised to new clothes gratis at the end of the jour-. reach a definite conclusion. Repobteb—Will the great coup d'etat ne f" — , „ be so injurious to Nashville as-the press One of these agents, a witness before of that city represents ? Is there any the Senate Committee, proved himself ground for their unreasonable fear? “fellow of infinite jest.” He show-I Mb. Newcomb—None whatever. Nash- ........ m .... - ,, T . vi lie will be largely benefited. Ot course ed that the traffic was a double-ender. It. ft ft to the interest of • the Louisville and sailed both ways, and cut both ways like • Nashville tq. build up every to^-n on its a double-edged razor. For,-while promo- route. Nashville wUI lave even greater ting the flight from the old North State advantages than; shePhas heretofore pn- .5 „ ° . „ i joyed. The Louisville and Nashville has with all his powers, he was folly conii- J do J ne ^ luch t0 aid and build y p Nashvillej dent that he was securing every emigrant and it always lias been and will continue Editors Telegraph and Messenger:— While the Volunteeis are holding their fair, it seems to me that a suggestion would not be inappropriate, directing tho mind of the company to the establishment of a permanent fond for thc^ipsvr What they need is a building or their own, where they can meet and drill, and enter tain and perform all the other offices which, to a corps of noble soldiery, most rightfully belong. I am informed that military organiza tions in other cities have armories belong ing to them,-and in order to receive a permanent support from their investment, they have liad stores or markets construc ted on the lower stories, and by the rents received from these, they have a good in come to support their companies. If this Company of Volunteers will start in their Fair a subscription list for sums to be given to the execution of such a purpose, I do not doubt that they will be surprised at the amount which will be accredited. Let them but start with enough to buy a lot, say $2,000 or $3,000, and tbe rest can be borrowed on easy years, on being summoned to produce his ; them a dollar and a half daily during the accounts, Mew out his brains. winter and two dollars to jwo dollara and terms. After consultation with gentle men skilled in such matters, I am free to say that-$10,000 would cover the total cost of such an establishment. Not only this, but I will say further that I have learned that the overplus needed ran be obtained on loan for a very low rate of interest, the fact being that the credit of the Macon Volunteers is quoted in market as the very best security the times afford. There are many gentlemen here who will contribute handsomely to this laudable, permanent enterprize. They would give ten times the amount for such an object and realization, that they would now give for temporary uses. Every oracle must have Its temple; why should not the Volunteers have a local habitation and a name ? Honorary Membeb. January 26,18S0. Healthy milk cows are profitable. They eat less and yield more milk than poor unhealthy rattle. They can be kept in good condition by using Foutz’s Horse and Cattle Powders during winter and to the taxable wealth of the State, and who THE FENCE QUESTION. It has been estimated by competent persons that tlie first cost of the fences of the United States amounts to thirteen hundred millions of dollars, ($1,300,000,- 000,) which, as tlitiy need renewing once in every ten years,-makes the annual cost $130,000,000. Add to tliis immense sum the annual cost of repairs, and we find that the fanners of the United States pay an annual tax of at least $175,000,000 to protect their crops against injury from stock. .*. . It is wonderful that the agricultural community have submitted so patiently all tliis time to. so grievously burdensome a tax, for which, as it seems to us, no val id excuse, founded in reason, justice or necessity, can be offered. Practically, the existing fence laws re quire the crop-raisers to keep up thousands of miles of “lawful fence” at au annual cost of fully one dollar for every acre of cultivated land, to protect themselves against the depredations of a few rattle and hogs, tlie aggregate value of which, in our country,does not amount to a tenth of tho expense of one year’s repair of foe fences. / Let us see how this works. Farmer A raises cotton, corn, wheat, oats, rye, po tatoes, etc. With two or three hundred yards of good fence, he encloses his cattle and protects his crops against them. Farmer B, on foe adjoiningplace, -ralsies stock. His farm is as large as that*of Fanner A; but all his land, with : the ex ception of a few patches, is open, while all Farmer A’s land is' enclosed. A’s crops, which cannot possibly cross the boundary Kne of Ills land, which can do no injury whatever to B’s stock, which have no horns, snouts or lioofe, must by law be closely confined by a fence “five feet high* with or without being staked and riuered, and' from foe ground to the height of three feet the -rails shall net be more than four inches apart,” while B’4 voracious steers, hooking cows, rooting hogs and hungry mules, which will qnd do stray beyond tlie limits of his farm, seeking what they .may devour, are free to roam -'at large, without B being required to build or keep a single panel of fence. A is taxed thou sands of dollars for his harmless crops, while B nee d not pay one cent for his mis^ chevions stock. If A’s fence be four feet seven and a half inches high, or if to the height of three feet foe rails are four and a half inches apart, and B’s steers, cows, hogs and mules destroy all A’s crop, the law says that B “ shall not be liable to an swer” to A “for the trespass,” and if A “ shall kill or injure” any of B’s stock “in any manner, lie shall be liable in force times tlie damage!” ,, Whenever any conflict arises between A’s com or wheat, and B’s stock, foe com or wheat is treated as foe trespasser, if A’s fence lacks half an inch of the mess* urement and arrangement prescribed by foe fence law. Now, in those sections of foe SUte where crop raisers are in foe majority, and stock raisers are the minority, this law is obviously unjust and oppressive^ The question is, shall tho crops or. foe stock be restrained? Shall all tlie culti vated and productive land be regarded as a common, unless it is enclosed by a; “law ful fence,” or shall stock owners be com pelled to enclose their rattle, and he held responsible for whatever iqjury they, do? . . ‘ . ji lt would certainly seem to be more just to require B to enclose his stock, which 1 he can do at foe cost of a few dollars, than to require A, at a cost of a-thousaqd, dollars, to keep liis crops out of.foe way. of ti's steers, cows, hogs and mules. There are parts of Georgia -‘where the cultivated lands are small compared-with, that used for grazing purposes.—It would be unjust to insist there, that stock qhould be fenced in. But, in strictly agricultural sections, tlie present “fence law” is a grievous fence tax which cannot be justi fied. Au extensive farmer, a large pro ducer, a large tax-payer is obliged, by this law, to expend thousands of dollars annu ally ! 1 > protect Ilia crops perhaps against the depredation of the liogs of an African citizen who does not contribute one cedt spring. tries to evade his poll-tax. for a return trip, as soon as the poor fellow had discovered the deception prac ticed upon him. He knew that few ne groes would resist foe seduction of a : rail way trip, and was equally sure wlieu he got to Indiana and found no work and ev erything covered with snow and ice, he would be far more anxious to get back than hie was to go. He had secured at the time of giving his testimony, some 763 tickets. There was another witness, a pompous Emigrant Aid Society man from Wash ington, employed, as he said, by United States Marshal Dudley, of Indiana, who had operated extensively. The circulars and handbills distributed were printed at Green Castle, Indiana, and foe efficient agents in North Carolina were Perry and Williams, whose career was cut short on account of an indictment for forging school certificates, so that they were obliged to leave In advance of some of their emi grants. „ . .. ._ _ •The Indiana Republican brethren pro test vehemently that there Is no party nigger in this wood pile, and so iar as foe evidence lias gone, it suggests little else than filthy mammon, very filthy mam mon. For, according to foe Nashville American, tlie projectors of this emigra tion are able to put a dead negro to ah- most as profitable accoimt as a living one. Tbe American of Sunday says: This shipment of bodies of colored per sons from Kansas and Indiana to medical colleges is about to break up foe home bu siness . of native resurrectionists. The price, too, has fallen from fifty to twenty- five dollars. The medical colleges ran get all they want now from fot new source of suppiy^t'reduced rates. And here is another picturesque item from foe same paper: One of our young medical students was shocked foe other evening to.recognize an old family servant at foe dissecting table: The old . man had gone to Kansas alive, and returned in a barrel. So it seems that whether dead or alire foe poor negro emigrant will be used to profit. They skin him financially in foe Saying^ Bank, speculate on Ills devious passage through life, and finally uso him to profit as bones and soap-grease. It is impossible' to say with certainty that the trade in' negroes has materially improved since the horrors of foe middle passage. . • Last Week’s Cotton Figures. The New York Chronicle reports foe cotton, receipts of the seven days ending last Friday night at 26Q,2S0 bales, against 148,648 for the corresponding week Of last year. Total since 1st of last September 3,614,110, against 3,102,643 for-the corres ponding period of tbe previous- cotton yesrr-fhowing an increase of 511,467 bales. Im:c • .;'-i:q. li . Jqe • The Interior cotton port business of foe same days'was as follows: Receipts 77,- 880, against 64,000 for the same week , of last year.' Shipments 72,198,' against 78*- (W0 last year. Stocks 358,074, against 218,585 at same date last year. The Chronicle's visible supply table showed last Friday 2,429,02S bales of cot ton in sight, against 2,284,032 bales at same date last year—2,572,213 bales at same date in 1878, and 2,$53,980 at same date in 1877. These figures show an in crease on foe visible supply of last year of 145,896 bales, and a decrease of-142,265 baleS on foe supply of 1878, and424;022 bales on tM Visible supply of1877 at same dates. ' u ' t '•'' “ Middling nplaijd^qled at seven-pence in Liverpool Yast"Fridaj.:li was" quoted at 5 5-10 the previous year at same date. in !878at that date the quotation .was 0J, and. 1877 at same date foe quotation was The Chronicle's weather telegrams of last Friday report continued drought in Texas and warm weather. Orange and oth6r fruit ?rees Were blossoming in'foe region of Galveston. At all points in foe State it is too dry for tlie plow, and young wheat is suffering. There have been light rains in Louisiana and in Mississippi with very warm weafoerl Also in Ten- nfeisee. At Memphis cotton is coming in to be foe policy of foe road to encourage and benefit that and all communities readied by our system. Repobteb—Is it a fact that the Louis ville and Nashville lias secured possession of the Illinois division of the St. Louis and Southern? Mb. Newcomb—Certainly; that divis ion is included in foe system of foe Nash ville aud Chattanooga, and is-at present operated by that road under lease until the bondholders can make a satisfactory tiOttiliMi Reporter—It is said that the Louis ville and Nashville will ruu a line of steamers between Pensacola and Havana. Is it true? Mr. Newcomb—1 cs, either with Pen sacola or with Motile.’ The contract has been signed and this may be regarded as an established fact. Reporter—How soon will foe line be in operation? Mb. Newcomb—Steamers have already been built. We horpertomake the trip no later than foe 13fo'of-March. A fast train will leave New York City at four o’clock every Saturday afternoon, placing passen gers and mail on board the steamers in the Gulf of Mexico on Monday. We hope t* make foe trip from New York to Ha vana in three days and a half, tlms avoid ing a long sea voyage by way of New York* which usually takes five days, This also was published on foe 24th in stant. On foe same day_,“H. W. G.” dis patches to tbe Constitution as follows: THE LEASE OF TIIE GEORGIA CENTRAL. The first point is that the lease of foe Central road of Georgia will not be con firmed. . This, I think may be taken as an accepted fact. It will he remembered that when in Atlanta, Mr. DeFuniak ex pressed surprise at foe suggestion that it was desirable to have a line from Atlanta to foe sea. He had little , opinion of foe idea of through trade—of imports and ex ports—thought it more important to build up foe trade ofthe country through which the road went, than to look across foe seas. He said to me tliis evening: “ 1 had rather have foe trade of Atlanta alone than all foe export and import trade such a line would do.” And thus he held if such a trade was built up, there would be no trouble with . three roads reach ing three ports from Atlanta, in getting foe freights sent seaward from the Gate City at as low rates as if foe company, owned its own Hue to salt water. This view, it appears, foe compa ny shares fully with Mr. DeFuniak, aud there is no.phanoe of foe Central lease be ing confirmed. Two or mbreroads com peting at Atlanta for their freight is all that foe Louisville and Nashville people want. They have this-already. Why then make an alliance that may prove burdensome ? Besides all this, the lease of tlie Central was made by Colonel Cole only because he controlled the Western and Atlantic railroad. But the LouisviUe and Nasville people .do notcontrol it. To lease the Central without the concurrence of- this commanding road would be insan ity. Tbe hope that tbe lease ofthe Cen tral will be confinsed. may, therefore, be put aside. . H • Here are two opinions on foe subject of the confirmation b?£he"<0entral ^Railroad “contract,” which keep up .the peipetual see saw wjiicli has been going' oh for foe past teni days.' Nothing authoritiye can be stated concerning foe matter, but m outlook appears to be rather discouraging to the Cole-Brown-Wadlev combination. Everything is at sea also concerning the building of foe Western railroad con nection from Atlanta to Decatur, Ala bama, though “H. W. G.” says Mr. De Funlak informs him that the survey will be continued with a view to getting esti mates as to the cost ofthe road lo i; Gads- den or Guntcrsville. , ' • Nothing new has transpired concerning the operations of foe lessees of tlie Macon and Brunswick Railroad. Indeed there seems to be a temporary lull in railroad circles. •} •* " As Earthquake. Cuba celebrated the visit of General Grant with a genuine earthquake, foe first ever experienced in foe -West India Islands. Havana dipatches of January 23d an nounce several severe earthquake shocks during the previous night, and up to four o’clock in tiie morning. Tiie duration of the shocks was about three Seconds. Ac counts from Vuela Abajo state that an earthquake was felt severely there, and much damage was done to buildings, es- with remarkable freedom. Heavier rains 1 peciilly at. Sail Cristobal. The shocks are noted in Alabama. At Mobile 1.16 ' were oscillating from east to west. It is during’the week. At Montgomery 0.S7. supposed that there lias been a • heavy Florida' reports one day’s rain, and says ■ earthquake somewhere in Central Ameri- Iabor price* are about tlie same as last; ca. At Sandiego de Cuba no disturbance year. In Georgia, Macon had rain on two j was felt. ' i * ; -* 1 " ■■ ■■<' ou! days and Columbus one, with a fall ot j The nation will be glad to learn that not 0.45. Savannah had only 0.10. Augusta even an earthquake was able to disturb tlie had 0.54, and Charleston 0.04. j equanimity or night’s rest of the third term The Chronicle's table of receipts from aspirant for Presidential and perhaps im plantations sliows 3,904,833 since the first perial honors. In Havana the ex-Aineri- day of last September, against 3,315,876 can President has been received at foe in tlie same period of the last cotton year, palace like a veritable sprig of royalty. and 3,184,08$ in foe same period of foe | _ '**»■ —- cotton year 1877-7S. These figures show 1 £* PPS. rell * ble a S c - nt for - destroying and expelling worms from children and an increase of647^17 balqs on, foe plan- adults is Shriner’s Indian '.Vermifuge, 25 tation receipts of last year, and 780,747 on cents a bottle. Try it. Every bottle foe previous cotton year. guaranteed to give satisfaction. —The venerable Bishop Paine, of foe M. E. Church South, is reported as very feeble and suffering intensely. —Now mind the old political adage, gen tlemen: “As goes Maine, so goes the Un ion," says the Chicago Tribune. Just so. They both go to unscrupulously partisan Supreme Courts. —The Desdemona in a Springfield per formance of “Othello" coolly rose on one eibow, turned over hqr pillow, thumped it two or three times, turned under one cor ner, and composed herself to die comfor tably. —Cold Weather in Ibxland.— London, January 23.—The distress iu Ireland is intensifying under foe influence of a bard frost and biting eold, which, during the last four days, has succeeded foe mild weather which prevailed since Christmas. —Warring on Dr. Talmage.—New York, January 23-—Tlie complaint of twenty-two Presbyters, who dissented from the decision of foe Presbyteiy in re fusing an investigation to Rev. Dr. Van Dyke, Dr. Wells and others in regard to the allegation of. moral rottenness as charged by Rev. Dr. Talmage, has been completed, signed by complainants and sent to foe Moderator. —From statistics just published it ap pears that there arc about 75,000 houses in Paris, exclusive of public buildings. Tbeir total value is estimated at twentyrthree millions sterling. Tho superficies of the capital is put down at 20,000 acres.. There are 600,000 yards of sewers. The popula tion numbers 1,090,000, or 100 inhabitants per acre. —A Gigantic Entebfbise—-Work on tlie North River tunnel, New York, is be ing pushed vigorously, and some progress is made towards foe bed of foe river. The engineer says he’ is prepared to expend. $10,000,000 on the work, and while many opinions exist as to foe policy adopted by him of working with compressed air, yet there is a general opinion that foe enter prise will be a success. • .... —A showman from the United States purchased a circus that was on a tour in Mexico, and substituted foe stars aud stripes for foe Mexican flag that had been flying from the tent pole. This was in Chihuahua, where the hatred of foi& country is intense. A mob undertook to haul down foe new flag, but foe mana ger and his performers drove them off. That night a regiment of local soldiery demolished foe whole show, and the com pany were compelled to fly for their lives. —Some peasants of Gaza while rum maging in a sandhill at Tell el Ajoul dis covered lying on its. back a splendid mar ble statue of Jupiter. They sold - it to a merchant for a trifle, but foe Turkish, Governor repaid him the money, took pos session of the hill, and is trying to sell thq statue, for which the Prussian Consul has made a bid. It is not yet wholly unearth ed, but M. de Reinach pronounces it'to-be of foe best Alexandrian. age, the face and hair being admirably chiseled, and it may, perhaps, be a copy of Phidias’s Jupi- ter.Olympus. ' ‘ • —A Big Public Park.—The House of Representatives committee on pubUc lands -have agreed to report favorably foe passage of foe bill introduced by Mr. Converse, authorizing tlie President to se lect from foe public land of the United States in the State-of California foe tracts of land which are growing either foe “Red wood” or “Big Trees,” or both of said timbers, as he may deem proper, not ex ceeding In foe aggregate two townships of land, to be set apart and dedicated as public parks for the benefit and enjoyment of the people; said parks to he under the exclusive control of tlie Secretary, of foe Interior. fi ’ —Opposition to Grant in Ohio.— The Cincinnati Gazette has been sending emissaries around foe State of Ohio rak ing up facts to tell against the boom. It has had a thousand old,reliable Republi cans interviewed,'and presents tliis horrid array of their preferences: Sherman.' ■ Blaine. ! Grant. . . , Washburae. Garfield. Hayes. .570 Bristow. ". .. ; .220 Dennison. . . . .128 Stanley.- . . . . . 16 Edmuuds. . . . . 19 Nominee . 24 Y ” *;• Adi 1o . 5 . 1 . 1 .4 24 The' Gazitte goes further. It uses ih?g insulting language: - ' “Many sound Republicans derive their determination to bolt ‘ the ticket .if Grant shfiiild be nominated.” ... “Count Me Out.”—The New York Herald publishes several Setters purport- Ing' tb bqve 6eeiii.read . at a banquet of jurymen at, Dehnonico’s, in that city, Wednesday evening. Tlie letter a'.tributqd to Hon. S. J. Tilden, whether genuine or not is too goo good to be lost. It is as fol- Htte . • • “If I only knew how to get there with out incurring any danger or commuting myself to any policy, even of assurance, I would go to your dinner. I am more fa miliar with a campaign than champagne. I also prefer a Duke to a Count. So count me out.” Hon. Willliam M. Evarts wrote a fiinny letter, in which lie expressed foe opinion that foe jurymen “would, find foe pan dects of Justinian infinitely poorer than foe stewpandects'of Delmonico.” jl , c —Earthquake at Havana.—Ha vana, January 23.—Severe shocks of earthquake were felt in tliis city last night at 11 o'clock, and again at 5:30 this morn ing. Earthquakes had never before been experienced here, anil many persons were frightened and passed foe night in foe pub- Hc squares, r No person was injured, and there was ho damage to property. The duration of, the shocks, was about three seconds. Tbe barometer was very low at 6 last evening. To-day at noon the barom eter registered 80, arid the thermometer 70. Accounts .from Vaelta Abajo indicate that foe earthquake was severely felt there, and much damage was done to buildings, especially at San Cristobal. The shocks were oscillating from East to West. It is supposed that there has been a heavy earthquake somewhere in Central America. At Santiago de Cuba no dis turbance was felt —It is stated that the health of the Her. Dr. J. B. McFerrin, an eminent Southern Methodist Minister, is giving away.