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8 YOUTHS' DEPARTMENT* o Chaiade. FIBBT. When told to do my Folks oft my second baj ; And thus to make my whole, The fairly pave the way. Answer next week. Honesdale, new Philadelphia, 1868. SBOOTSD. M y first has to be tried and crossed ; My second often pitched and tossed ; My whole reforms and makes anew, Where none go in that ever go through. Answer next week. HonesdaJ.e, near Philadelphia, 1868. ENIGMA—No. 39. I am composed of 15 letters : My 11, 3.6, 5,8, is the Latin word for tree. My 6, 13, 5,1, is the Greek word for life. My 7, 10, 9, 15, 14, 14, is,the French word for entrance. My 11, 15, 14, is the plural of is. My 6, 11, 11, is the cry of a sheep. My 6, 11,15, 5, 10, is a nobleman. My 2, 10, 10, is a public house. My 11, 10, 9, is an insect. My 12, 14, 10, is a writing instrument. My 4,5, 11, 10, is a color. My whole is the name of the hero of Abyssinia. J. N. W. Answer next week. Selma, Ala., June , 1868. ENIGMA—No. 40. I am composed of 24 letters: My 7, 15, 19, 23, is the most beautiful spot on earth. •* My 11, 7, 12, 6, 13, is a game of cards. My 6, 14, 8, 23, is a useful article. My 14,18, 9, we all like. My 11, 3, 24, causes many heart aches ** My *9712? 6,6, 20, 16, 24, 5, is a State, wherein is visiting a dear friend. My 2, 18, 21, 17, 12, 10, an abbrevia tion of a girl’s name. My 1,5, 6, 14, expresses a desire. My whole, as an answer, finds an echo in many a lonely heart. Nellie. Answer next week. ENIGMA—No. 41. I am composed of 21 letters : My 10, 5,2, 7,6, is the name of a girl. My 20, 13, 7, is what we all commit. My 7, 19, 21, 6, is a part of the face. My 8, 19, 11, 12, 14, 18, 20, is what the miser hoards. My 17, 1, 14, 8,6, is a rank or de gree. My 18, 10, 3,4, 1, is a stream of water. My 9, 13, 20, 16, is what we often do uselessly. My whole is a missionary Priest much beloved by the children of Columbus. Mary de C. Answer next week. St. Joseph’s Academy, Columbus, Ga., 1868. — Answers to Last Week’s Enigmas, &c.— To Enigma No. 37. Eoghan Rurdh O’Neill —Gallia—Dahl —Honor— Nose—Hague —Under —Egeria—Origen —Organ—Dulia. To Enigma No. 37.—“ Great Truths by Great Authors’ 7 —Gyges—Osage— Rat—Shoes—Butter—Truth —Rear. ToGonundruin —Beside her (be eider.) To Anagrams —No. 1, Washington ; No. 2, Montgomery; No. 3, Irwinton; No. 4, Moonlight. Answers by Correspondents. —J. N. W., Selma, Ala., to No. 23 ; P. H., Sa vannah, Ga., to Nos. 36 and 37; H. N. H., Selma, Ala., to Nos. 36 and 37; J. P. M., Atlanta, Ga., to No. 37; P. E, C., Macon, Ga., to Square Word; Nell, Sa vannah, Ga., to Poetical Charade, Enig mas Nos. 36 and 37, and to Square Word, (with exception of abbreviation of proper name); Cobbie, Cutbbert, Ga., to Enigmas Nos. 36 and 37 ; J. P. Y., At lanta, Ga., to Enigmas Nos. 36 and 37. [Prepared for the Banner of the South by Uncle Buddy.] FAMILIAR SCIENCE. HEAT CONTINUED. The earth, below the surface, is cooler in Summer than the surface itself, because the earth is a had conductor of heat; and, therefore, although the surface be scorched by the burning sun, the intense heat can not penetrate to the roots of large plants and trees. The wisdom of God, in making the earth a bad conductor, is shown in the fact, that, if the heat and cold could penetrate the earth, as freely as the heat of a fire penetrates iron, the springs would be dried up in summer and frozen in winter, and all vegetation would perish. The Bible says, that God “givethsnow like wool,’' because snow (being a very bad conductor of heat) protects vegetables and seeds from the frost and cold. The non-conducting pow er of snow protects vegetables from frost and cold, because it prevents the heat of the earth from being drawn off by the cold air which rests upon it. Water from a spring is always cool, even in summer, because the earth is so bad a conductor that the burning rays of the sun can penetrate only a few inches below the surface ; in consequence of which the springs of water are not affect ed by the heats of summer. It is cool under a shady tree on a sum mer's day, Ist, Because the overhanging foliage screens off the rays of the sun; 2d, As the rays of the sun are warded off, the air beneath the tree is not heated by the reflection of the earth; and, 3d, The leaves of the trees, being non-conductors, allow no heat to penetrate them. People use paper or woolen kettle holders, because paper and woolen are both bad conductors of heat; in conse quence of which, the heat of the kettle does not readily pass through them to the hand. The heat of the boiling kettle, however, sometimes gets through the paper or woolen kettle holder; but, though the kettle holder become as hot as the kettle itself, it would never feel so hot, for the reason that it is a very bad con ductor, and disposes of its heat too slowly to be perceptible ; but metal, being an excellent conductor, disposes of its heat so quickly that the sudden influx is painful. The lid of a kettle is intensely hot when the water boils, because the bright metal lid is an admirable conductor ; and, therefore, the heat from the boiling water rushes into the hand the moment we touch it. Ice-houses are sometimes lined with straw, or chaff, and whitewashed outside, Ist, Because the straw, or chaff, is a very bad conductor of heat, and, therefore, pre vents the external heat from getting to the ice; and, 2d, The whitewashed roof and walls prevent the absorption of heat. A little oil on the surface of water will prevent its freezing, because oil is a bad conductor, and prevents heat from leav ing the water. A silver teaspoon becomes more heat ed by hot tea than one of inferior metal, as German silver, pewter, etc., because silver is a better conductor than German silver or pewter. German Silver is composed of 31-J parts of Nickel, 254 of Zinc, 40| of Cop per, and of Iron. Pewter is, general ly speaking, an alloy of Tin and Lead— sometimes with a little Antimony, or Copper, combined in different proportions, according to the purpose for which it is designed. A metal spoon left in a saucepan, will retard the boiling, because the metal spoon (being an excellent conductor,) carries off the heat from the water ; and, as heat is carried off by the spoon, the water takes a long time to boil. Paint preserves wood : Ist, Because it covers the surface of the wood, and prevents both air and damp from pene trating into the pores; 2d, Because paint, (especially white paint,) being a bad con ductor, keeps the wood at a more uniform temperature; and, 3d, Because it fills up the pores of the wood, and prevents in sects and vermin from harboring iu it, and eating up the fibre. The poker and tongs become intensely hot when they rest against the stove, which contains a poor fire, because they are excellent conductors of heat, and draw it rapidly from the stove with which they are in contact. Furnaces are built of brick, because bricks are bad conductors, and prevent the escape of heat; in consequence of which, they are employed where great heat is required. A stove, if placed in the middle ot a room, should be made ot iron, because iron is an excellent conductor, and rapid ly communicates heat to the air around. By convection of heat, is meant heat communicated by being carried to an other thing or place; as the hot water resting on the bottom ot a kettle carries heat to the water through which it as cends. Liquids are bad conductors, and are therefore made hot by convection. A Cheap Ice Pitcher.— The following simple method of keeping ice water lor a long time in a common pitcher is worth knowing : Place between two sheets of paper (newspaper will answer, thick brown is better), a layer ot common batting, about half an inch in thickness, fasten the ends of paper and batting to gether, forming a circle, then sew or paste a crown over one end, making a box the shape of a stove-pipe hat minus the rim. Place this over an ordinary pitcher filled with ice water, making it deep enough to rest on the table, as to exclude the air, and the reader will be astonished at the length of time his ice will keep and the water remain cold after the ice is melted. Mill! ©I in s©um [Foe the Banner of the South.] To “Violet Eyee.” BY BBVHjG. Would I could Bee thee, My beautiful one, Whose eyes axe like sapphires Held up to the sun! When thou art away, I High and I long For “ Violet Eyes," Whose smile is a song— Dumb music so sweet, That seraphs above Look down, and long for The lips of my love. Oh, happy I'd die, If claspt in thy arms, Thou wouldst Bing to me, As dim grew thy charms. And as thy sweet music Would lull me to sleep, Thy low, mournful music, Like the wail o’ the deep, I’d cease to remember — Yet waking would be Tho’ at rest with angels, Still yearning for thee! July, 1868. LOVE IS THE*BEST FORCE. Once two little boys were on their way to school. They were brothers, and their names were John and Frank. John was the older of the two, and he liked to rule Frank by sharp words; but Frank did not like to be ruled in that way. “ Come on—quicker, quicker. What a slow coach you are 1” said John. “ It is not late, and the day is hot,” said Frank. “ I tell you I want to get to school in time to clean out my desk,” said John. “Come! you shall come.” And then John tried to pull Frank along by main force ; but, the more John pulled, the more Frank made up his mind not to yield. While the dispute went on, they came to a place in the road where a man was trying to make a horse pull a great load of stones. The horse had stopped to rest, when the man began to beat him. This the horse did not like, for he had tried to do his best; so he stood stock still. In vain did the man lay on the lash; the horse would not start. In vain did the man swear at him ; the horse did not mind his oaths. Just then a young man came up, and said to the man with the load of stones, “ Why do you treat a good brave horse in that way ? He would pull for you till he died, if you would only treat him kindly. Stand aside, and let me show you how to treat a horse.” “ So the man stood aside; and the young man went up, and put his arm around the neck of the horse, and patted him on the back, and said, “ Poor old fellow! It was too bad to lash you so, when you were doing your best, and just stopped a moment to take breath.” And so the young man soothed the poor beast, by kind words and soft p>ats with bis hand ; and then said to him, “ Now, good horse, see what you can do ! Come, sir! we have only a few steps more to the top of the hill. Get up now. Show vou will do for love what you would not do for hate.” The horse seemed to know what was said to him ; for he started off at a strong, brisk pace, and was soon at the top of the hill. “ There, my good friend,” said the young man to the driver, “I hope you see now that love is the best force / that even beasts will do for you, when you are kind, what they will not do when you are harsh.” John heard all these words, and . they set him to thinking. At last he said to Frank. “ It is a hot day, Frank ; and it is not late. Let us walk through the lane to school.” “ No, John,” said Frank, “ I will take the shortcut, and will walk just as fast as you want me to. So, come on.” “ Frank,” said John, “ Love is better than hate—isn’t it?” “ Oh, a thousand times better !” cried Frank. As chance would have it, they that day read in school a fable, two thousand years old, which I will now tell you. The North Wind and the Sun had a dispute as to which could show the most strength. They agreed that the one that could strip a man first of his cloak should be the victor. First the North Wind tried his strength; he blew, and blew with all his might; but, blow as hard as he could, he could not do much. The man drew his cloak round him more and more tight; lie would not let it be torn from him. So, at last, the North Wind gave up the tug, and called on the Sun to see what he could do. The Sun shone out with all his warmth. The man could not bear the heat ; he soon grew so that he had to take off his cloak ; and so the Sun became the winner in the trial. Love has more strength than hate. THE EXACT TRUTH. Two young masons were building a brick wall—the front wall of a high house. One of them, in placing a brick, discov ered that it was a little thicker on one side than on the other. His companion advised him to throw it out* “It will make your wall untrue, Ben.” said he. “ Pooh!” answered Ben, “ what differ ence will such a trifle as that make ? You’re too particular. 7 ’ “My mother,” replied his companion, “ taught me that ‘ truth is truth,’ and ever so little an untruth is a lie, and a lie is no trifle.” “ O,” said Ben, “ that’s all very well; but I am not lying, and have no intention of doing so.” “Very true; but you make your wall tell a lie; and I have somewhere read that a lie in one’s work, like a lie in his character, will show itself, sooner or later, and bring harm, if not ruin.” “I’ll risk it, in this case,” answered Ben ; and he worked away, laying more bricks, and carrying the wall up higher, till the close of the day, when they quit work and went home. “ The next morning they went to re sume their work, when behold, the lie had wrought out the result of all lies ! The wall getting a little slant from the untrue brick, had become more and more untrue as it got higher, and at last, in the night had toppled over, obliging the masons to do all their work over again. Just so with ever so little an untruth in your character—it grows more and more untrue, if you permit it to remain, till it brings sorrow and ruin. Tell, act, and live the exact truth always. “The Schoolmaster Abroad.”— This famous expression of Lord Brougham is explained by him in a letter, dated August, 1857, to a correspondent, and now published for the first time. Brougham says: “The expression of the school master being abroad was first used by Lord B. in the debate of 29th January, 1828, in the House of Commons. What he meant was that the schoolmaster was in the field to instruct the people, and that they had no occasion to fear oppres sion from other quarters. It had been a common saying before that the soldier was abroad, and would have his own in the world.” The soldier was the Duke of Wellington, and Brougham intended to assert the impossibility of governing Eng land by military law. - ~m~ m PlO Nono and Juarez.— The Pope has received an autograph letter from Juarez, deploring the differences which have arisen between him and the Holy See. The Mexican declares that it was exceptional circumstances which forced him into hostility to the Church and her ministers, and that he avails himself of the first opportunity- to seek a reconcilia tion. To effect this, he requests that some Bishops may be sent to Mexico, promising to receive them with every honor, and he concludes his letter by supplicating the Pope’s benediction for himself and the Mexican people. The Holy Father has been propitiated by the appeal, and in the consistory of the 22d of July will pre eonize six Bishops for Mexico. Tersely Stated. —“ Mack,” of the Cincinnati Enquirer, says the contest that commenced with Governor Seymour’s nomination is between civil law and military despotism as to the people; be tween venality and principle as to par ties ; and between brains and buttons as to candidates. Some years ago, at a Burns’ festival in Cincinnati, a capital pun was made by President Monroe. The story runs as follows: A Scotch servant, employed about the Executive mansion, who had a broad accent and a good fund of cool humor, had been charged, by certain per sons who had projected a monument in honor of something or somebody, with a message to an appropriate official, who, it seems, was not the President. But old Sandy sought the Chief Magistrate, in whose personal service he was, and con veyed the communication to him. Mr. Monroe instructed him to address the message elsewhere, and, thereupon, Sandy, persisting like a Scotchman, said: “Your honor, it is about the monument.” “Well, Sandy,” replied Air. Monroe, drawing himself up erect and symmetrical, “don’t you see, I am not the rnon you meant ?” Ninety-eight years ago, the English Parliament enacted that “whoever shall impose upon, seduce, and betray into matrimony any of his Majesty’s male subjects, by scents, paints, cosmetic washes, artificial teeth, false hair, Spanish wool, iron stays, hoops, high-heeled shoes, or bolster hips, shall be prosecuted for witchcraft, and the marriage shall be null and void.” WIT AND_HUNIOR. Woman —the first gatherer of fruit Hy picking the first apple she caused the first pair to fall. The latest novelty is a machine, a c . cording to Fun , that will follow the thread of an argument. This is appropriate: “Nat, what are you leaning on that empty cask for p “I’m mourning over departed spirits.” These children were properly named : The boy who was born in a horse-car, they named Os-car. The girl who had the same birth-place was christened Car-rv, A printer, in setting up the sentence, “we are but parts of a stupendous whole,” by mistake of a letter made it read, ‘we are but parts of a stupendous whale.” It is exceedingly bad husbandry to harrow up the feelings of your wife, to rake up old quarrels, to hoe a grudge, and to sow a discord. An editor, speaking of his party, says, “we’re in a pickle nowanother adds, “a regular jam,” and a third suggests “Heaven preserve us.” A Western editor, in response to a subscriber, who grumbles that his morn ing paper was intolerably damp, says, “that it is because there is so much due on it.” “What kind of a board do you get at your house ?” said a friend to Binks the other day. “Well, we pine during the week, and plank down a good deal on Saturday,” said the cadaverous Binks. A man in the country announces that his golden wedding will come off just thirty years from now, and offers a liberal discount on any presents his friends then design to make him. He must be a Yankee. A printer, meddling with the verdict of a coroner’s jury, struck out a eomma after the word “apoplexy,” making it read thus : “Deceased came to his death by excessive drinking, producing apoplexy in the minds of the jury.” “Good morning, Mr. Henpeck,” said a printer in search of female compositors, “have you any daughters that would make good type-setters ?” “No, but I have got a wife that would make a very fine devil.” One of our exchanges gets off the fol lowing : ‘‘Tell me, ye angelic hosts, ye messengers of love, shall swindled printers here below have no redress above ?” The shining angel band replied: “To us is knowledge given; delinquents on the printer’s book can never enter Heaven.” A German tiu and sheet-iron worker once rendered a bill to a Captain for “Em Shidiruns of bibe.” The Captain puzzled long over the item, and so did his agent. Who would ever imagine that the worthy Teuton considered that a plain way of spelling “one sheet-iron stove-pipe.” “I wish you to be present, my dear, when the dentist comes,” said Laura to her lord. “I desire that no one but you shall perceive my defects.” “I cannot gaatify you, love/’ said he, in reply, “as 1 never can see a defect in one so perfect ! ‘ That evening the dinner was remarkably well cooked. Temperance puts wood on the fire, meal in the barrel, flour in the tub, money in the purse, credit in the coun try", contentment in the house, clothes on the children, vigor in the body', intelli gence in the brain, and spirit in the whole constitution. The following advertisement appeared in the Hampshire Chronicle, of a recent date : “The Treasurer of the Winchester Anti-Mendicity Society has received 17 s, which he is requested to acknowledge in the Hampshire Chronicle , and insert the following : ‘ Fines for lying a-thinking in bed after awaking in time for arising—a habit as insidious and injurious as dram drinking—6d. on each occasion.’ ” The following is the latest style of ad vertising for “help” ; Wanted, a general servant, in a small family, where a man is kept. The housework and cooking ail done by the members of the family. The gentleman of the house rises early, but prepares breakfast himself. All the washing is put out, and the kitchens pro vided with every comfort and luxury- Gold meats and hash studiously avoided Wages no object to a competent party- References and photographs exchanged. There is a paper published at the city of Cairo, Egypt, the proprietor of which is its editor, printer, proof-corrector, dis tributor, and sole contributor. He pre sents-his ideas in French, Armenian, and Turkish; and he appears to understand his readers, for, in a recent number, lm instructs the ladies of Cairo that cleanli ness is one of the first ornaments, aim that they ought to take a bath once * month, clean their teeth, ears, and fingm nails daily, and rinse out their mouth* i after eating.