Newspaper Page Text
8
fepattmettt.
ENIGMA No. 74.
I ara composed of 11 letters :
Without my 7,8, 9,6, 10, no church
service would be complete.
My 4,6, 1, is a cavity in the earth.
My 7,9, 10, 11, is a part of an apple.
My 4,6, 1,7, 8, is an important pro
duct of the ‘‘old North State."
My 5,2, 11, 3, is one who deals with
the future.
My 1. 10, 9,7, 8,2, 11, is a foot in
Latin poetry.
My 5, G, 4, is a diminutive draught.
My 5,4, 3,2, 11, is a river of Prussia.
My whole is the name of one of the
Muses at whose shrine the ancients bent
a constant knee, and who has among the
people of Georgia many devotees.
“Mathates.”
Answer next week.
Mebaneville, N. C., 1868.
ENIGMA—No. 76.
I am composed of 30 letters :
My 18, 5,6, 7, is the name of a bird
which the Saviour exhorts us to imitate in
one respect. to
My 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, is where the
sailor eagerly directs his course.
My 1, 7,13, 7,3, is an epidemic preva
lent especially in summer.
My 18, 20, 30, is a river of Scotland.
My 9, 12, 4, 27, 8,11, is the nom de
plume of the author of the Enigma in
your paper, the answer to which was “the
Conquered Banner."
My 10, 11, 4, 11, 17, is the name of
the most beautiful woman mentioned
either in history or mythology, whose
elopement caused a long and bloody war.
Without my 4,5, 6,7, this earth would
be a perfect “Tartarus.”
My 18, 23, 24, 15, 25, 26, is a given
name, very common among the sons of
Erin. •. .
My 27, 7, 14, is the name of a modern
militarv hero.
My 18, 25, Is, 5, is the name of a
Queen who is a conspicuous character in
Virgil.
My 21, 16, 3,2, 24, is the name of a
man who wrought miracles to prove that
he was sent by God.
My 19, 25, 26, is a possssesive pro
noun.
My 19, 23, 24, is the name <4 a fe
male fowl. • f
My 3, 28, 29, 30, 3, is one who is un
willing to remain long in the same place-
My 22, 23, 12, 4, is a species of meat.
My whole is a beautiful and well
known line in the “Lay of the Last Min
strel. “Mathates.”
Answer next week.
Mabanville, N. C., 1868.
ENIGMA—No. 76.
I am composed of 52 letters.
My 26, 10, 22, 37, 2, 20, 21, 4, 33, 8,
28, 44, is a celebrated sonnet by Lord
Byron.
My 9, 45, 49, 37, 6, 16,12, 15, 1-1, 32,
is the field of the two bloodiest battles of
the war in Virginia.
My 29, 10, 12, 28, 6, 16, 25, 20, 4,5,
13, 11, 2, 41, 42, 43, is something you
have seen to-day.
My 1, 21, 31, 33, 8,7, 3,17, 27, 46, is
the Southern Poet.
My 20, 40, 23, 48, 15, 19, 35, 18, 46,
25, 4, is a flower.
My 50, 49, 4, 47, 39, 36, 5, 21, is a
river of Georgia.
My 14, 34, 23, 26, 40, 28, 42, is a
Radical hole.
My 4, 33, 50, 37, 51, 42, 38, 14,, 18,
12, 52, is one, who in speaking of, it is
hard to observe the old adage, nil mortu
umnisi bonum.
My 30,11, is a personal pronoun.
My whole is to be found in “King
Lear,” Act 3d. John.'
Answer next week.
Macon, Ga., 1868.
CONUNDRUMS.
1. Why is a gunsmith's shop like a
chicken pie ?
2. What is the difference between the
ocean in a calm, and a leaden image of
Satan ?
METHATE3.
Answer next week.
Mebaneville , N. C., 1868.
DOUBLE ACROSTIC.
1— A vegetable.
2 A kind of wood.
3 a mans name.
4 The product of a tree.
5 A river in Spain.
6 French for received.
7 Means to leave out.
8— Inhabitants of the sea.
The initials and finals, read downwards,
name a valued weekly. Johnnie.
Answer next week.
New Orleans, La ., 1868.
Answers to Last Week’s Enigmas,
Etc. — To Enigma No. 71.—Martin
J. Spalding—Australia—Madras—Tarn
Paltau—San Paul—Tuam—Lissa.
To Enigma No. 72—Lieutenant Hen
ry T. O’Neil—Loyal—Ellen—Atlanta—
Tea—Lily—Trout—Nine—Hoe—Earl—
Jim.
To Enigma No 73—Thomas Parkin
Soott—“Kit-Cat”—Hampton—O-MarB—
Paris.
[Prepared for the Banner of the South by Uncle Buddy
FAMILIAR SCIENCE.
MECHANICAL ACTION.
Bright iron will lose its polish by
being put iufco a fire, because the oxygen
of the air very readily unites with the
surface of hot air, and forms a metallic
oxyde, which displays itself, in this case,
by a dull leaden color, instead of a red
rust. Stoves do not rust so frequently
as pokers and tongs, because the stoves
are generrlly covered with plumbago, or
black lead. Plumbago or black lead is
a mixture of charcoal and iron. Plum
bago, strictly speaking, is a chemical
union of carbon and iron, in the follow
ing proportions : 91 parts carbon, and
9 iron. But the black lead sold in shops is
amixtureof charcoal and iron filings. A
most excellent varnish to prevent rust is
made of one pint of fat oil varnish, mixed
with five pints of highly rectified spirits
of turpentine, rubbed on the iron, or steel,
with a piece of sponge. This varnish
may be applied to bright stoves, and even
ti mathematical instruments, without in
juring their delicate polish.
Ornamental steel of a purple or lilac
color will rust more readily than polished
white steel, because the lilac tinge-is pro
duced by partial oxidation; and the pro
cess which forms rust has, therefore, al
ready commenced, Lilac steel can be
kept free from rust by keeping it in a
very dry place. It may be asked, if dry
air contains oxygen, why does it not rust
iron as well as moist air ? The answer
is, because moisture is always needed in
order to bring into action the affinity of
oxygen for steel.
When a black subsoil is dug, or
ploughed up, it turns of a reddish brown
brown color after a short time, because
the soil contains a certain compound of
iron called the “protoxide,” which is
black. This protoxide of iron, absorbing
more oxygen from the moist air, is con
verted into another compound, called the
“peroxide of iron,” which is of a reddish
rusty color. There are two oxides of
iron—one containing more oxygen than
the other. The protoxide, which contains
the least oxygen, is black; the peroxide,
which contain the most, is red.
Other metals besides iron combine
rapidly with 'oxygen —such as copper,
lead, mercury, and even silver to some ex
tent.
The tarnish of copper is caused by its
oxidation; that is, the oxygon of the air
combines with the surface of the copper,
and covers it with a dark tarnish.
Lead becomes darker by being exposed
to the air, because the vapor of the air
combines with the lead and oxidizes its
surface; but, instead of becoming rusty,
the surface assumes a darker hue.
Lead loses its brightness, and becomes
dull, by being exposed to the air, because
of the presence, in the lead, of a carbon
ate of the oxide. When the oxide is
formed it attracts carbonic acid from the
air, and, combining with it, produces a
carbonate,.which gives the dull tint to old
lead.
It is difficult to keep silver bright, be
cause the vapor of the air oxidizes its sur
face, and tarnishes it.
Salt will turn silver spoons black, be
cause it precipitates an oxide of silver on
the surface of the spoons, the color of
which oxide is black.
Marking ink is made of soda and the ni
trate of silver—the black mark being
due to the oxide precipitated on the
cloth.
The black stain of silver made by salt
can be removed by working the silver in
hartshorn or common ammonia; by this
means the oxide will be re-dissolved, and
the blackness entirely disappear. Silver
teapots and spoons will tarnish more
quickly than pure silver, because alloy
of some base metal is used to make them
more hard and lasting; and this
alloy oxidizes more quickly than silver
itself, German silver turns a dingy yel
low in a few hours, because German sil
ver has a great affinity for oxygen, and
shows its oxidation by a sickly yellow
tarnish, instead of rust.
Quicksilver (or mercury,) will tarnish
like copper and lead; but preserves its
brilliancy in baramoters and thermome
ters, because the air is excluded; and no
moisture can come in contact with it to
oxidize (or tarnish) it.
Gold is not readily affected by the at
mosphere ; and will never combine with
oxygen of itself(that is’, without aid.)
Hatinuni is capable of resisting oxida
tion altogether; in consequence of which
the graduated arcs of delicate “instru-
Mists® ©i Ms wnni3
ments for observation" are made of pla
tinum in preference to any other metal,
and, because it never rusts, it is used as
points to lightning rods. It is thus used
because it will never oxidize, but retain
its bright surface in all weathers, free
from rust and tarnish. It is also used
for crucibles in which acids are employed
and for galvanic batteries, because the
acid would act upon the other metals or
upon glass, and prevent the experimen
ter’s success. Before platinum was dis
covered gold was used for this purpose.
Platinum (a white metal,) so called from
“plata," the Spanish word for silver. It
was introduced from South America into
England by Mr. Wood, A. D., 1749.
Potassium and Sodium, of all the me
tals, have the greatest affinity for oxy
gen. Potassium and Sodium derive
their names from potash and soda. Po
tassa is the oxide of potassium, and soda
is the oxide of sodium. Their affinity
for oxygen is shown by the fact that they
decompose water as soon as they are
brought in contact with it.
Potassium catches fire the moment it
is thrown into water, and burns with a
vivid flame, which is still further in
creased by the combustion of hydrogen
separated from the water. Water is
composed of oxygen and hydrogen ; and
potassium separates the two gases. So
dium, when it is thrown into water, does
not take fire as potassium does, but un
dergoes very rapid oxidation.
HYDROGEN AND WATER.
The distinction between Hydrogen and
Water is, that Hydrogen is an inflamma
ble gas; and water is composed of Hydro
gen and Oxygen.
Hydrogen —Hydrogen is, as we have
just said, an inflammable gas. The gas
used in our street lamps is hydrogen
driven out of coal or other substance by
heat. Hydrogen is the principal ingre
dient of water. Coal gas, properly
speaking, is carburetted hydrogen ; that
is, carbon and hydrogen. Hydrogen de
rives its name from the Greek words,
udor, water, and gennao, I produce. It
was discovered in the Sixteenth Century,
by Paracelsus, a Swiss Philosopher, but
was first investigated by Henry Caven
dish, in the year 1781. It has, when
pure, neither taste, color, nor smell.
When it has any odor, it arises from im
purities. It does not support life, hut
on the contrary, destroys it rather by ex,
eluding oxygen than by its own injurious
effects.
Death of Little Jack Trimble, the
“Roy Soldier.” —On the Bth day of
August, 1868, John A. Trimble died of
consumption, aged about 24 years, at the
home of his father, in Hillsboro’, Ohio.
Many a soldier who served >n the Val
ley of Virginia, during the eventful cam
paigns of 1862, *63, and ’64, will hear
with grief this sad announcement. Every
body in the Valley knew “Little Jack
Trimble,” and everybody loved him.
Being extremely delicate from early
childhood, he had the appearance of a
fragile boy of 12 or 14 years of age.
He was descended from the Trimbles of
Augusta County, some of whom emigrat
ed to Ohio when it was a Territory and
a wilderness, and, growing up with the
State, filled the high offices of Governor,
United States Senator, Representative in
Congress, Generals in the Army, and
other conspicuous positions. He had
numerous near relatives in Augusta, and
had spent several years before the war
with his cousin, Colonel J. Marshall
MeCue, of that County. Like most in
valid youths, he possessed a mind of ex
traordinary quickness and strength,
which he had improved so far as to be
a most interesting and entertainiug
companion for men of the highest in
telligence.
He was an enthusiastic Confederate;
and delicate, feeble lad as he was, lie
resolved, in 1862, to enter the army.
He volunteered his services, that Sum
mer, to Colonel, afterwards General,
Imboden, who was then engaged beyond
our lines in organizing the hardy moun
taineers of the border and northwest
counties, for service in the Confederate
Army. He was accepted as a courier
and a scout, and right nobly did he per
form his duties. Being an admirable
rider, and well mounted, he moved over
great distances with wonderful celerity.
Always cool, shrewd, observant, intelli
gent, and brave, he was often entrusted
with most important information to be
conveyed, when writing would have been
unsafe and dangerous, and through a
region of country where a man could not
have passed, but a boy attracted little
attention. He made many narrow
escapes. Sometimes he outwitted those
who sought to find out who and what he
was, and only once was actually cap
tured. This was in the mountains of
Hardy, when the enemy held Moorfield.
Jack was taken to the headquarters,
and closely questioned, when he appeared
to be but an ordinary mountain lad, of no
consequence, and was orderea by the
General to be put up stairs to sleep. At
the dead hour of midnight, Jack disap
peared, found his horse, flanked the
pickets, and, at daybreak, was many a
mile across the mountains, on his way to
his own people. He was trusted, re
spected, and honored by his officers, and
was a universal favorite and pet with the
men; In the wild adventurous warfare
of the border, the idleness of dull camp
life was unknown. Winter and Summer,
in storms and sunshine, by day and by
night, Jack was nearly always in the
saddle. During a halt, or at night, when
the bivouac fires were burning, he would
be often seen the centre of a group whom
he convulsed with laughter by his stories
and powers of mimicry. It was these
social qualities, and the high and noble
traits of his character, that endeared him
to every man in the brigade, as if he had
been a son, or tender little brother. Dear
little Jack ! the writer of this feeble
tribute to your memory can hardly
.realize that you, too, have gone to join
so many of our brave oountrymen, whose
fall you used to lament so feelingly, as
we lay many and many a bitter cold night,
under the same blanket, on the frozen
ground, and, too cold to sleep, would
while away the long hours in conversa
tion. But it is even so. Peace to vodr
ashes, noble boy.— Charleston Courier.
The Massacre of Jafanesr Chris
tians. — The news from Japan, relating
that one hundred and fifty native Christians
were recently taken from the city of
Nagasaki, and put to death by drowning,
in spite of the remonstrances of the
foreign Consuls; and that others had suf
fered martyrdom in other parts of the
Empire, elicits the following speculations
in the New York Post:
Who were these Japan Christians ?
It is certain that they were not converts
of modern missionaries. No success has
yet attended their efforts in Japan.
Whence, then, did these one hundred and
fifty Japanese Christians come ?
It is probable, and, indeed, almost cer
tain, that they are some of the old stock,
who have, in some way, succeeded in
keeping alive, through successive genera
tions, for two hundred and fifty years, the
religious faith preached by the Jesuits.
The persecutions which the native Chris
tians of Japan suffered, at the time their
Government expelled foreigners, and
made the profession of the Christian faith
a capital offence, has no parallel in his
tory ; and all its rigors have been con
tinued to the present.
The present dynasty of Tycoons, which
was established at that period, made the
Buddhist the State religion; and, the
more effectually to secure the total ex
tinction of the adherents of the hated
Christian faith, made the Buddhist
Priesthood the special agents of the
Government for hunting out Christians,
and torturing them; from this there was
no escape, except by recantation or
death. There has been no relaxation of
their vigilance, and all the laws origi
nally enacted are still in force. To-day
every Japanese must register himself at
some Temple as a Buddhist, or be con
demned as an outcast, and so strenuous
is the guard, that even the simple con
tract of a Japanese servant with his em
ployer, contains always, as a part of its
legal form, the specification that he is not
a Christian. Nevertheless, American
residents in Japan recall a rumor which,
from time to time, came to their cars, of
a band, or community, of Jesuit prose
lytes still existing in some parts of the
Empire. Sometimes they were said to
live in the very heart of Yeddo; and, at
others, in one of the Southern Provinces.
It is possible that this secret community,
encouraged by the Revolution in the Em
pire, has ventured rashly to disclose
itself.
It will be very remarkable, if it shall
prove that there are still in Japan any
considerable number of Christians, the
descendants of those who were convert
ed by the Jesuits two hundred and fifty
years'ago. It would he anew proof of
the futility of even the most rigorous and
cruel persecution.
A man accused of stealing some gar
ments from a farm yard, was defended by
a local* practitioner with so much success
that a jury returned a verdict of “not
proven.” To the surprise of his lawyer,
the prisoner seemed by no means to be in
a hurry to quit the dock after the ver
dict was rendered. The man of law
went up to him, informed him that he
had been acquitted, and was at liberty to
go away ; but still the fellow kept his seat.
A second time he was reminded that he
was no longer a prisoner, but he remain
ed immovable At length, as the Court
was nearly emptied of the people who
had been present during the trial, includ
ing the witnesses in the case, the prisoner
whispered to his counsel: “I can’t go un
til the plaintiff has left the court-room, for
I have got on the very pants that I
stole from him.”
Wit and gttmot.
A German resident of New York .* )lVs
Tammany Hall is well named, asiti.s thy
home of too many politicians.
Logical proof that a cat has three tails-.
No cat has two tails; a oat has one more
than no cat; theresore a, cat has
tails.
An exchange reports a very natural
comment on an aeronaut's action in throw
ing a bottle of claret overboard to light
en the balloon. Said Pat: “And why the
devil didn’t they drink it?"
Some bristles from the last brush with
the Rebels.
Some sands from Tim’s hour-glass.
The iron from the plane of the ecliptic.
Some tenpenny nails made from fr m
ments of the Iron Duke.
A finger-post from the Road to Rum
Wants.—Music of the spheres with ori
ginal score.
The cap of a climax.
Th 6 musket and powder horn of a shoot
ing star.
The March of Mind, arranged for a
full orchestra, with trumpet obligato In-
Fame.
“What business was your father !"
asked an imperious Colonel of a modest
looking Lieutenant.
“A tobacconist, sir."
“What a pity he did not make v s
one.”
“Possibly, sir. And, now, will you al
low me to ask ,a question ?”
“Certainly. What is it ?”
“What was your father ?"
“My father was a gentleman, sir,” re
plied the haughty and imperious Colonel,
“Well, then, it is a deuced pity In
didn’t make you one.”
Dean Storr had occasion, one day, t
unite a rustie in the bands of matrime- y
The ceremony over, the husband began t,
“sink in resolution,” and, falling into a Sr.
of repentance, he said: “Your revert re
has tied the knot tightly, I fancy. 1 it
under favor, may I ask if so it be you
could untie it again ?” “Why, rio,” re
plied the Dean; “we never do that in tlii
part of the consecrated ground.” ‘Where.,
then ?” cried the man, eagreho “On
that " pointing to the burial grounds.
The reply of a farmer (according' U
his own account,) to a tax-collector win .<<-•
receipt he had lost, who asked for p* -
ment a second time, was somewhat for
cible; “Would you b’lieve it, when I to! 1
him I had paid it once, aud would no*
pay it again, the scoundrel began to
abuse me ?” “What did you do V asked
his friend. !‘Why I remonstrated wiili
him.” “And to what effect?” “Wei;, 1
dont know,” was the reply, “but— ‘h:
poker teas bent-”
A traveller in Arkansas found the fol
lowing notice stuck on the ferryman's
door at Cache River: Noatis—Ef eng
body cums here arter licker or to gcr
akrossthe River, The}" can ges blow thb
hear horn, and es I dont cum when rnv
Betsy up at the Hous heares the horn
blovrin, shele cum down and sell th. m
the liker, or set them akross the river
ime away from Hoern, John wilson. h
B. Them that cant rede will have t•« -i
to the Hous arter Betsy taint but he. a
mile thar.”
~ *
The following dialogue took place r
oently:
A eurate of a Loudon parish, aft' 1
laving, with much paius, explained th
parable of the True Shepherd and tU
lireling, said:
“What is a hireling?” To whUi *
precociously sharp and ragged puoli n
plied;
•‘Please, sir, you are a hireling; yo
paid to teach us.” It is not always th
the truth is pleasant from all lips.
Things we Should Like to Sef. —
fruit tree that keeps away pilferers by -
own bark.
Gas that would go out at night c:
come in again iu the morning.
A saucepan that will boil over wif
rage when the cook is insulted.
A clock that is so conceited as n '
run down its own works.
The coat of a psof man’s stomach (t«
see if it is out at the elbows.)
An infirm old gentleman was found >'
a rogue moaning sadly for sometl -
lost. “What is the matter, sir ?” sui 1 '
fellow. “Oh, sir, a villain has just vU
my new white hat from my head, y.i
run away with it.” “Why don’t you rr:
alter him ?” asked the rogue, “ok
your heart, sir, I can’t run at all. 1
hardly walk.” “The deuce you can
said the rogue; “and he stole your ‘
“Yes, he did, sir.” “And you can’t run
all ?” “Not I ” Nor catch him ?”
“Then here goes for your wig;” an <
cordingly pulliug off the thatch from 1
head, the follow went off like a shot
a rifle, aiid the old gentleman was U ■
bald as a shaved pig.