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8 Month’s department ENIGMA—No. 77. I am composed of 32 letters : My 1, 15,18,19, 81, is a’city in Geor gia. My 2, 20, 5, 24, 7, is a girl’s name. My 3. 19, 10, 4, is a city in Ireland. My 16, 6, 11, is a part of the body. My 8, 13, 17, 12, is an Englishman’s favorite dish. My 14, 26, 30, 29, 22, is a grain much used as food. My 23, 9, 28, 27, 32, is a scientific in sstrument used by railroad engineers. My 21, 30, 25,2, i3 a tropical fruit. My whole is what should be in every Southern household. Dr. Answer next week. Avgusta , Ga., 1868. ENIGMA—No. 78. I am composed of 21 letters : My 9, 11, 19,20, 13, is what we all do. My 8,7, 7, 15, is a girl’s name abbre viated. My 9, 2,4,3,19,1, is the name of a rree. My 17, 6,1, is a carpenter’s tool. My 18, 11, 8, 20, 12,19, 20, is a city in New Jersey. My 11, 15, 7, is an animal. My, 17, 19, 11, 11, 21, 14, is a color. My 6,4, 10,11, 7, signifies to fright en. My 10,13, 21, 20, 12, is one commis sioned by any one to do any particular work. My whole is the name of a distinguish ed English Statesman. J. F. C. Answer next week. Atla?ita , Ga. } 1868. ENIGMA—No. 79. I am composed of 19 letters. My 10, 15, 9,3, 17, is a girl’s name. My 19, 8,2, 3, 18, is a retinue. My 1, 10, 5,2, 4,3, 13, is devilish. My 11, 14, 6,7, is a dress of dignity. My 12, 2, 16, 3, 12, is the name of an ancient King of the Jews. My whole is the name of an institu tion situated on the summit of an Euro pean Mountain, that has been of great use to travellers. Alpha. Answer next week. ENIGMA—No. 80. I am composed of 51 letters : My 9,1, 10, 35, 5, 45, 23, 51, 14, 26, 27, 45, 50, 23, is the most humorous Eng glish writer of the present day. My 24, 10, 8,1, 14, 50, 47, 28, 12, 15, was an American patriot. My 10, 38, 21,10, 3, 25, 21, 8, is a sign of the Zodiac. My 26, 29, 43, 5,2, 35, 49, is a very dangerous disease. My 48, 39, 28, 1,7, 3, was one of the earliest Protestants. My 22, 17, 39, 46, is a part of speech. My 44,12, 21, 11, is a number, My 49, 20, 42, 17, 13, 37, was once a patriot, afterwards a traitor. My 47, 43, 13, 37, is a very precious metal. My 38, 34, 40, 41, 42, is a title of no bility. My 19, 35, 6, 16, 18, is short ; also a document pertaining to lawyers. My 33, 39, 32, 30, is one of the Sum mer months. My 8,17, 34, 5, is the immortal part of man. My 4, 82, 23, 31, 47, 32, is a military title. My 47, 36, 12, 3, 47, 25, 10, is one of the Southern States. My 51, 31, 15, 15, 2, 11, is what a hungry person likes to get. My 37, 20, 49, 24, 6, 22, 47, 8, are used for ornamenting houses. My 18, 6, 44,16, is a musical instru ment. My 19, 31, 19, 48, 36, is a book that should be read by all. My 24, 40, 30, 27, a period of time. My 9, 20, 7,7, 27, is a small stream of water. My 29, 41, 46; is a domestic fowl. My whole is the inscription on the tomb of a Queen of England. “Paola.” Answer next week. Halcyondale, Ga. t 1868. To Double Acrostic. — Initials —Ban- ner of : Finals,—the South. 1 Bee T 2 As H 3 No E 4 Nut S 5 Ebr O 6 Rec U 7 Omi T 8 Fis II Answers to Last Week’s Enigmas, Etc.— To Enigma No. 74.—Terpsi chore—Choir—Pit—Core—Pitch—Seer Trochee—Sip—Spree. To Enigma No. 75—“ For Love is Heaven, and Heaven is Love”-J)ove-Ha ven—Fever—Dee-Sallie—Helen—Love —Dennis—Lee—Dido —Aaron—His— Hen—Rover—Veal. To Enigma No. 76.—“ For there was never yet fair Woman but she made mouths in a glass”—“Maid of Athens”— Wilderness—“ Banner of the South”— Father Ryan—Forget-me-not—Altamaha —Vermont—Thad. Stevens—Us. To Conundrums —l. Because it con tains fowl-in’-pieces. 2. One is a dead level and the other i£ a lead devil. [Prepared fbr tli Banner of the South by Uncle Buddy] FAMILIAR SCIENCE. Hydrogen. —Hydrogen does not, like oxygen, support combustion, though it is highly combustible. Uniting with oxy gen, it forms water. The peculiar characteristics of hydro gen gas are : Ist, It is the lightest of all known substances; 2d, It will burn with a very pale flame; forming water, by uniting with the oxygen of the air ; 3d, A lighted candle immersed in this gas will be instantly extinguished. Hy drogen gas may be made thus: Fut some pieces of zinc, or iron filings, into a glass; pour over them a little sulphuric acid (vitrol,) diluted with twice the quantity of water, then cover the glass over for a few minutes, and hydro gen gas will be given off. Experiments —ls a flame be put into the glass containing this mixture, an ex plosion will take place. If the experiment be tried in a vial which has a piece of tobacco pipe run through the cork, and a light be held a few moments to the top of the pipe, a flame will be made. If a balloon be held over the vial, so that the gas can inflate it, the balloon will ascend in a very few minutes. Hydrogen gas is employed for the fol lowing uses: Ist, Owing to its light ness, it is used to inllate balloons ; and, 2d, Burned with oxygen, it is used in the hydrogen blowpipe. A blowpipe is a tube usually bent near the end, terminated with a finely pointed nozzle for blowing through the flame of a lamp or gas-jet, and producing thereby a small conical flame possessing very in tense heat. A mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, when ignited, produces an intense heat, and constitutes the hydrogen blow pipe. It was invented by Hr. Hare of Philadelphia. The Drummond Light, of which you may have frequently heard, is the ignited flame of a mixture of oxygen and hydro gen, projected against lime ; the lime be comes intensely luminous, and forms the well known Drummond Light. Water —Water is a fluid composed of oxygen and hydrogen in the proportion of eight parts of oxygen to one part of hydrogen. Water is fluid, because its particles are kept separate by latent heat ; when a certain quantity of the latent heat is driven out, water becomes solid, and is called ice. By increasing its latent heat, the particles of water are again subdivided into invisible steam. Water is generally diffused through organic bodies. The sea covers nearly three-fourths of the earth’s surface. The air is impregnated with water, in the form of vapor ; and water enters into the composition of all plants, animals, and even of some minerals. Pure water has neither taste nor smell; and when viewed in small quantities, it is colorless, but, in a large mass, it has a bluish tint. The peculiar properties of water are : Ist, It is a conductor of electricity; and, 2d, It possessess the power of dissolving many substances. Water is never found in a state of perfect purity; even rain and snow T contain the various gases of the atmosphere. By hard water, is meant water in which the salts of lime and other substances have been dissolved. Pump water is called hatd water, because it is laden with foreign matters, and will not readily dissolve substances immersed in it. Pump water is hard, because, when it filters through the earth, it becomes impregnated with sulphate of lime, and many other impurities from the earths and minerals with which it comes in con tact. Mineral Springs are caused by water trickling through the ground, and dissolv ing some of the substances with which it comes in contact. If these substances are metallic, the water will partake of their mineral character, borne water is imbued with lime, some with salt, etc., etc. It is difficult to wash the hands clean in hard water, because the soda of the soap combines with the sulphuric acid of the hard water, and the oil of the soap with the lime, and floats in flakes on the top of the water. Sulphate of lime consists of sulphuric acid and lime. It is also difficult to wash in salt water, be cause it contains muriatic acid; and the soap combines with the muriatic acid of the salt water, and produces acloudiuess. The clearness of water does not ini- Mini m Tii arons®. I ply purity ; for it may be very clear, and yet very impure and unwholesome. For example, the well water in Cities, though apparently pure, is unfit for drinking. The purity of water cannot be restored by filtering it, for no ordinary filtering can remove dissolved impurities. The quali fications of good drinking water are: Ist, That it should be clear; and, 2d, When poured into a tumbler, it should sparkle with the gases rising through it. Oxy gen and Carbonic Acid gas rise through pure water, and give it its refreshing and thirst quenching properties. When it has stood long in a warm room, it is ren dered disagreeable to the taste, in conse quence of the gases having escaped from it, rendering it flat and stale. Sun light will have the same effect as a warm room. Another test of good water is that that which cattle drink most readily is clear, soft, and soap forms with it a lather freely. Soft water is preferable to hard water for drinking, because if we drink hard water, it not only lies heavily on the stomach, but has to be freed from its im purities by distillation through the ca pilaries before the blood can receive it. Liebig’s New Method of Bread Making. —This eminent chemist, who, to an extent scarcely equalled by any other person, has turned his science to practi cal account, in rural and domestic econo my, has recently announced a very simple process of causing bread to rise, which, though not entirely new, is yet likely to become extensively introduced, in consequence of the weight of his name. Our readers are well aware that there are two principal modes of making bread spongy and light; the one, by means of a yeast ferment, in which, a portion of the substance is decomposed with the evolu tion of gas; the other by introducing car bonic. acid gas, either directly from without, as in what is called aerated bread, or by the mixture of two or more chemical substances, which, combining in the dough, cause the same result. In the last mentioned category, belong the various yeast, or rising powders, of which so many are in use—the simplest of them, and longest known consisting of bicarbonate of soda, and tartaric acid, and others, however, having different compositions. The method of Leibig belongs to the class of the yeast powders, and consists in the employment of bicarbonate of soda, and hydrochloric, or muriatic acid. The resultory combination is simply our com mon salt, the carbonic acid being given off in the process, and furnishing the rising. As all bread requires salt, in even larger degrees than that produced by a proper proportion of this mixture, there is no taste of free soda left, and nothing in any way injurious to health, or disagreeable to the palate. The propor tions used in an extensive bakery in Munich, where this Liebig method is employed, is to 100 pounds of coarse flour, add 1 pound of bicarbonate of soda; pounds of hydrochloric acid, of the specific gravity of 1.063, If to 2 pounds of common salt, and 79 pounds of water; with ordinary flour the water should not exceed 70 to 72 pounds. The propor tion of the soda to the acid is so graduated, that 5 grammes (about 77 grains) of the alkali shall be completely neutralized by 33 cubic centimetres (about 9 fluid drachms wine measure) of the acid. The bread should have a slightly acid reaction. In the actual manipulation, the flour is«first mixed with the bicarbonate of soda, and the common salt dissolved in the water, which is then used for mixing the dough; a small portion of the flour, mixed with the soda, is set aside before the kneading. When the dough is ready, the hydrochloric acid is worked in, little by little, the reserve flour added, and the loaf formed. This is allowed to stand half to three quarters of an hour before being placed in the oven; the dough then rises, and becomes light. It requires a little longer time for baking, than common bread. The yield, after baking, is about one hundred and fifty pounds. By adding one or two parts of vinegar, to one hundred pounds of flour, with a corresponding diminution of the water, bread of the taste of baker’s bread is ob tained; if a quarter to a half pound of old cheese is added to the vinegar, the taste becomes more than that of yeast bread. —Philadelphia Ledger. Arrangement of Flowers. —Flowers may be aranged according to the harmony or contrast of colors. Red harmonizes to orange, orange to yellow, violet to red indigo to violet, blue to indigo, and green to blue. Green is the contrast to red, sky blue to orange, yellow to violet, blue to orange-red, indigo to orange-yellow and violet to bluish green. To find the contrast to any flower, cut a smail circular piece out of one of its petals, place it upon white paper, look at it steadily with one eye for a few seconds, without letting the eyelids close, then look from the eoior- ed circle to another part of the white paper, when a circle of another color will be ap parent. This color is the true contrast or complementary color. Tastes differ as to whether the effect of arranging the flow ers according to contrast or complemen tary colors is more pleasing to the eye than placing them according.to harmo nies. The former, however, is the most in favori To carry it out, a blue flower should be placed next an orange flower, a yellow near a violet, and a red or white, should have plenty of foliage around it. White contrasts with blue or orange, or better still, with reds and roses, but not with yellow or violet. The Banner of the South. —This ex cellently interesting and sterling fami ly newspaper makes its appearance in our sanctum regularly once a week, and is always welcome— not only on account of the variety and attractions of its reading matter, but, also, from the fact that its views and expressions upon religious sub jects are ever free from the slightest tinge of bigotry, or intolerance. The editor, that noble Southern Priest, Rev. Father Ryan, whose name is so fondly cherished by all who admire true genius, and love pure, impressive verse, and who will be remembered wherever The Con quered Banner is repeated, or known, though suffering from ill health, in conse quence of his immense Pastoral labors, yet gives us in every issue, an amount of matter full of strength and interest. The journal has now one of the pleasantest stories we have perused for a long time, entitled The Earls of Sutherland , which is from the pen of an accomplished, and gifted lady of Georgia. Every chap ter is full of interest, and historical infor mation, and cannot fail to attract all who desire to read something entertaining and instructive. The back numbers, contain ing this story, can be obtained at the office of the journal. Our people will do well to subscribe for this journal, as they receive the full value of their money in the immense amount of varied and in structive matter which it contains, and also assist in sustaining a Southern enter prise, which richly deserves their sup port. We commend it to our young friends, also, as being one of the best journals they can read. It is published at Augusta, Ga., by L. T. Bloine & Cos., at the small subscription price of three dol lars per annum, or one dollar and fifty cents for six months, payable in advance. Send on your names and make up clubs. [.4 ugusla Constitutionalist. The Banner of the South. —Last week, by an unintentional oversight, we neglected to notice the receipt of this paper lately established in Augusta, Ga. It is edited by a man whom it needs no introduction of ours to make known to our people—Father Ryan, the gifted and eloquent writer and poet, whose grand and soul-stirring poems, “The Conquered Banner,” “In Memoriam,” and many other master pieces of poesy, have stirred the heart of every true Southern man to its very core. Many of the brilliant efforts of his pen are treasured up in our “scrap book,” and occupy the choicest niche in our memory. His writings have filled a vacant spot in the Southern heart and fireside until now unoccupied.— Throughout the war, Father Ryan was a firm, unwavering supporter of “The Lost Cause,” and by his steadfast adherence, served to render lighter the heavy burden of deteat, aud now again, in our day of trial, comes to cheer us on in the “battle for right” we are waging against our re lentless foes. God speed him ! The two numbers we have received, realize the most sanguine hopes we had entertained of what it would be under his manage ment and editorial supervision, and sup plies a place in Southern literature we had long wished to see filled. Every family should subscribe to this paper, as besides the editorials, which are unexcep tionable, and of a high order of merit, its selections are made with rare taste and judgment. It is beautifully printed, in plain, clear type, and is but $3.00, cur rency, per year. In the language, of a cotemporary, “we congratulate the Southern people, and particularly the Catholics, that they have in their midst an advocate so able and staunch,” and we predict for the Banner a circulation far surpassing that of any other Southern paper; and, *it is entitled to it, if the number before us is a fair specimen of what it will continue to be. [Hempstead ( Tex.) Countryman. “Waiter, 1 should like a clean napkin ; this looks as though it had been through the dock.” “Can’t change, my dear sir; always give second-hand napkins with single fish-balls, sir.” Customer looks a quarto volume of disgust, mumbles some thing about mops on the table, and swal lows his fish-ball as though it were a blue pill, in pieces. Wit m& Httmor. Mrs. K., after expressing her love f or her young children, added tenderly “And how do you like babies, Mr. Lamb”’ His answer, immediately, almost precipi. tate, was, “Boi-boi-boiled, madam.” A laborerer, while breaking stones on the roadside, having a shade over one eye as a guard, was thus accosted by a companion: “I say, Tummy, hast ’ee lost an eye?” “Why,” replied the other hast ! ee found one ?” “Do you really believe, Admiral,” said a Washington lady to Admiral Farrao-ut "that the dead walk after death V’ °*q have not a doubt of it, madam,” replied the gallant Admiral; “for I have myself heard the ‘Dead March in Saul.’ ” “Come till America, Pat,” writes asonof the Emerald Isle, to his friend in Ireland • “’tis a fine country to get a living i n All ye have to do is to get a three-cor nered box, and fill it with bricks, and carry till the top of a three-story building, and then the man at the top does *alltlic work. ” In a school, recently, a teacheV took oc casion to relate an anecdote of the little girl “who tried to ovorcome evil with good,” by giving a New Testament to a boy who had ill-treated her. The story was appreciated, for, a few minutes afterwards one boy struck another, and, on being asked the reason, said he was “tryingto get a Testament.” This was a practical bearing altogether unexpected. An irascible old gentleman was taken with sneezing in the cars, lately. After sneezing in the most spasmodic manner eight times, he arrested the paroxysm fur a moment, and extricating his handker chief, he thus addressed his nasal organ, indignantly, saying : “O, go on, go on— you’ll blow your infernal brains out, pre sently.” “William, thee knows I never call anybody names, but, William, if the Mayor of the city were to come to me and say, ‘Joshua, I want thee to find uie the biggest liar in all Philadelphia,’ I would come to thee and put my hand on thy shoulder, and say to thee ; ‘William, the Mayor wants to see thee.’ ” Professor— “What do you understand by the phrase, ‘a man of letters Pupil —“A clerk in the Nassau Street Post Office.” “Good ! What is the dog star ?” Natural History student answers: “A Skye terrier.” “Ahem! Give me your definition of Orion ?” Pupil of sporting tendencies—“He was a famous Irish prize fighter (an ancestor of O’Baldwin,) who carried off the champion’s belt.” A noted Divine was lecturing on the sufficiency of human testimony to estab lish the truth of miracles, when a pupil suggested a practical application oi the doctrine. “What would you say, sir. if I stated that, as I was coming by Col lege Street, I saw the lamp-post at the corner dance ?” “I should ask where you had been, my son !” was the reply, in the instructor’s gravest manner. A Dutchman related the following story : “Mine Cot, Hans, you may talk as you be amind about te hogs peing te contrairiest animal, butte hen is so much more contrary a cood deal. Vy, no longer than toder day, I try to make u hen set. I make up a nest cood, put te hen on ; She no set; I lam her down on te eggs, but she will get up right off Den I make a leetle box, bout so big one way, and so pig toder way—den I make a leetle box over her—and ten just takes and raise te box to see whether she is setting, pie tain, if I don’t tint tc old lien set a standing .” In the early display of Garrick Vpov. ers at Drury Lane, a tragedy was brought forward, in which he sustained the prin cipal character of ail aged King. Thoug there was nothing particularly brilliai in the play, it proceeded without opposi tion till the fifth act, when the dying Monarch bequeathes his kingdom to he two sons, in this line : “And wo, between you I bequeath my crown.’’ A wit in the pit exclaimed: “Ye gods ! he’s given thee half a crown a piece !’’ The house was immediately thrown into such a state comic convulsion that not another word ot the piece could be heard. A Yankee, riding on a railroad, wa disposed to astonish the other passenger with tough stories. At last he mentioue - that one of his neighbors owned an im mense dairy, and made a million poun of butter, and a million pounds cheese yearly. The Yankee perceb u - that his veracity was in danger ot be:R questioned, appealed to a friend: “True, isn't it, Air. ? I speaK Deacon Brown.” “Y-e-s,” replied the friend; “that ‘ know Deacon Brown, though I don t Jo; as I ever heard precisely how uo i pounds of butter and cheese he maia ; year ; but I know that ho has ‘saw-nrills that all go by buttermilk.