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MISCELIi\Nj 01 : S. OltE In the beginning of the year 1746. i;OW ski p the brave, who sink t<> rest, n. all their country’* wishes blest! When Spring, v i'U ‘icvy finger* cold, lie turns to deck their hallow’d mold, hlte there shall dress a sweeter soil Than ‘alley's feet had ever trod. Bv f ivy hands her knell is run;;; By tbrms imseen their dirge is song; There Honor tomes, a pilgrim gray, To bless the turf thatwraps tlirir clay; Aiul Freedom shall a while repair, To dwell a weeping hermit there ! TO TIIF. ADVOCATES OF WAll. AS r.TTR.ICT. o VO who fill the throne of pow’r, “Who speak and millions must obey, Who reign the monarchs of the hour, And rise dictators of the day: Think, while the trumpet* clarr.’rous breath Re-echoes thro’ the regions round, What scenes of agony and death Await the inharmonious sound. O join not, then, with hasty rage, The tumults which are heard from far, But shun the desolating stage, O shun the guilty walks of war! Think, while the thund’ring cannons roar, And while the wavering faulchion plays, 1 low carnage wades thro’ streams of gore, And grins amid the steely blaze. All! vain are words to paint the woes Which haunt the crowded field of lilood; Not all that rhetoric bestow s Cun trace the sanguinary flood. The thousands of the mighty slain, Who sleep upon the martial shore, Tho’ they have felt the wound of pain, They heave the languid sigh no more. But if your thoughtless minds would know, Or can endure of more to hear, To widows and to orphans go, And mark the never ceasing tear. Read in the groans that rend the heart, Read in the tears that ceaseless roll, What words an- pow’rless to impart, The speechless anguish of the soul. () think of these, and shun the blade That darts its sickly beams afar, And shun the dark impending shade That hovers o’er the scenes of war. THE UYSPECTOR. ...No. V. Death h no! ti phanioil from -which I -roll'd neck to hide myself by concealing my face in n.y pillow. Kotzcbi k. TO meet death with a cheerful counte nance; and a mind calm and resigned is a snectae.le richly deserving our admiration, but a'contemptuous scoffing at its approach mer its our pi‘y and abhorrence ; the one is a mark of real courage, the other of thoughtless te nch"-, and most probably of dastardly brava do. A mail’s words are ’ seldom correct cri- Vtidns upon which an opinion may be found ed, fi>r as the bravest men make fewest pre tentions, so the tongue of a boaster trumpets liis own valour and exploits. Courage arel mod. tv are as much connected as any two virtue s’ It is not then every Weak or base man who talks loudly of h-s skill, that is skilful!, or ofhis bravery, that is brave ; nav more: it is but presumptive evidence of the existence of th-s virtue even whe-n its votary throws awav his life with the same- ind.lh r encc which a child displays when it careless ly parts with a disgusting toy. We : pnhu’.d the m;.n who gives his life for the* service of his country; his honor, or Ins friend::. We respect that courage which r;pines r.ot at misfortunes, but bears up gainst adversity with a firm and manly resis tance ; but we- despise the wretch who defies the justice of his maker and precipitate his soul into th ■ prose nee- of his god; through th e instrumentality ofhis own, or the hands of others. It is by no means an uninteresting en quiry to examine the qualities of that moral principle of the human mind which we desig nate bv the term of courage. 1 take it that the qualities of the intellect are primary and secondary, the- first are inherent, the second acquired : to these two classes ail moral principles must he attached. Courage has by many been considered as belonging to the last class ; this I deem in correct it is true that it may receive a color ing and effect from extrinsic causes, hut the seed pf'thc principle must be sowed by nature. The rdmhation which is attracted by courage is a he’dable and elevated admira tion : it is for tided however on coupling with this quality, fortitude and honor : for as it is our duty to overcome by manly firmness ivo ry obstacle, so It is never our duty to reocktt affronts; or put up with unmeritted injuries. To buov the mind in one case, and to resent in tne otla r, is the avocation of courage, and thus considcri il it is an admirable quality— but then like every virtue, ifcr.lv feigned, it exposes to contempt and ridicule ; it is true hi pocrisv may sometimes be successful in the avion pbshmertt of its object, lilt wherein one instance it is successful in many it utter ly fiuls. Courage is laudable whcrcrc r exorcist and ; it is as useful in the cabinet as in t! e field, as requisite to the Statesman as the Soldier.— Bv courage properly considered. I mean that principle Widen preserves the equilibrium of the in i n‘, in the midst of conflict .r.g dangers; r.ot that rashness wlfeh ir.coi sidcratety pre cipilates iisilt’ into difficult, without wiegh ingthe cot-sequenceS. N..pt.k-on Bouap: r'te is an illustrious ex ample of com .ngeous firmness and cool pre sence of mind, and to tin -a: his unbounded s-.icc s-.es are owing. Probably Washington Was as conspicuous an instance in the cabinet. His mtrep and resistance. to u noisy clamor, ii. tne adoption of Jay’s salutary treaty, i xi.io. ‘.s a spectacle of Hitecritv persevering ,n its course, tmawed by the threats otdenutgogu ’N as sublime and elevated as was ever r.c.'d up to the contemplation of m*n. Hu who cjn thus act is never afraid to meet L..e inexora ble ‘ King of Terrors.” From liiiij view let us turn to a rtincflcnt aspect of tlie subject, and w ith Adilison set how a Christian and a good man c-.m die.— — The cheering consolation ofreviewing a well spenl Lit , softens and assuages the agonies ol <l. ath, and plucks every thorn from the pillow of sickness. That tire mind is immortal there can be no doubt, and to the proposition that there must be a future retribution none but intemperate maniacs withhold assent. then the death-bed of J’ai'ne or Hume be evi denced to prove that Sceptics ; nil bail men can die collected and calm, vet Sceptics have also died in the tortures of remorse and on the rack of an upbraiding conscience. ‘I he learned, but prostituted Voltaire, and the de testable Hobbes, were Infidels in life, in death cowards : nay even Hume, in despiglit of the assertions of I’rotcsßor Smith, we have reason to believe, experienced much dread in the last lingering moments ol life. F.ty it is, that till able and masterly pen ol the author ol “ the Wealth of Nations,” should have given the authority ofhis name to asperse the cause of Christianity, and by drawing the death ofhis friend in fictitious colours, injure the Religion ofhis country more sorely than even the life and writings of that great champion of Scep ticism. The examples are however numerous of men who have suffered death with heroic for titude, and have smiled in the midst ol its appalling terrors, but they are also examples of eminently good men, or sufferers in a just cause; such suffering, by such men, I call sterling, legitimate courage. A fearless death becomes the Martyr of Virtue : “ Nothing in his life “ Became him like- the leaving it. He died “ As one that had been studied in his death, “ To throw away the dearest thing he owned “ As it were a careless trifle.” Macbeth. The plaudit of Malcolm was well be stowed, anil is applicable it is to be hoped to others beside the Thane of Cawdor. Reader, the application which 1 would make of this subject, is, that you should be ware how you esteem that man courageous whose bullying bravado attempts to impose, ol’him whose thoughtless precipitation, dash es hecdl ssty into danger—the one is a das tardly hypocrite, the other a madman. COMMUNICATED. Acts, VJ c—ll v. “And God wrought special merucles by the hands ofPaul—l2, So that from his body were brought unto the sick handkerchiefs or aprons, and the diseases departed from them, and the evil spirit went out of them—l3, Then certain of the vaga bond Jews’ exercisers took upon them to call over spirits, the name of the Lord Jesus, say ing we adjure you by Jesus whom Paul preucli eth—and there were seven sons of one Suva, a Je v and Chief of the Priests which did so— -15, And the evil spirit answered, Jesus I knew, and Paul I know, but who are ye ? and the man in whom the evil spirit was leapt on them and overcame them and prevailed a guinst them so thattliey fled out of that house naked and wounded.” IN religion there has from the begin ning been a pure system of truth anil holiness calculated to make the members of Christ’s Church tranquil and happy in a good degree on earth, anil there has been a system of er rors anil deception that has been hostile to true religion, as much so as counterfeit mo ney is to that which is pure and genuine.— Also in politics there has been a system o! puritv and error at variance with each other, from lime immemorial, but never in any age more conspicuous than the present ; particu larly in these United States. The politics of Washington were pure* and unde filed like him self, and his fare-tvel address to the people of the United States breathes good will towards them and his fervent prater for their future prospiritv and happiness, evince I,is ardent affect .on lor them Hut alas how is the line gold become dim, the precious politics of Washington, how are they changed from im part a,l justice towards all nations, how much partiality do we see towards one belligerent and how hostile towards another—which is the true source of all our woes—and so long as their system of error is strenuously adhered to, so long tve shall be a miserable and de graded people. The five verses above was the subject of one evening’s meditation, not long since, and understanding that our president intended on the sth of July next to declare wrr against one belligerent, the following reflections forced themselves on my mind : “ And God wrought special miracles by the hands ol Paul, so that the sick were restored and evil spirits went from those that were possessed, by virtue of his body.” Such was the power and purity of Paul’s word and doctrine, but to what do we soon behold ? a set of imposters taking upon them to call on the name ol’ the laird Jesus, and to callover them that hail . vil spirits, and like Paul to cast them out.— . (But mark the difference) ; “The man in whom the evil spirit was, leaped on them and overcame them and prevailed on them, so that they fieil out of that house, naked and woun . did.” \\ Idle 1 was musing cm the passage this cogent reflection came into my mind : That the great illustrious Washington re . sembledSt. Paul ; he overcome all die evil spirits that were inimical to the independence of these United States; and ascribed the glory of all our victories to God; and said it was nothing less than a standing miracle to pre . serve and keep a raw undiciplined army, des titute ofalmost every thing necessary tor its . preservation and existence. These Were his sentiments! How noble! How grand! i The next striking reflection 1 had was bc . tween these impostors and our modern ru iors ; they, forsooth took on them to call over evii spirits in the name of the Lord Jesus, and i to cast them out, Sec. as St. Paul bad done be fore- his departure ; but see the fate of those pretenders to work miracles . So the present f rulers have appointed a day to work their Miraculous powers like Washington. These 1 believe, as soon as the war commences will . cry ( lit tike the u a-i in whom tne evil spirit was, Jesus ! know and Paul I knew, but who . art ye : Their language will be, Washington i know and Federalism I know, but who arc ye. Then the present prcUndcd friends of lie people will flee out of that house; viz. Cctyi'-ss, which they have unworthily filled with dug;ate, wounded and naked, anti their ruitiou* policy will be mauc manifest to all men. If vc apply the power which god gave to Mh*li': e-on to overcome the er:t spirit on the other stde the Atlantic, that opposed our independence, I fear we shall never see our present rulcra as successful as he was m v..n qtlisliing their power over us by land and s-.a, and forming a prosperous treat;., under which we grew wealthy and great: though not wise or good, for if ‘that had been the case we should never have changed the politics of our great and good Washington ; but alas is the glory departed forever from America! No saitli reason, although the present rulers would forever plunge us in war and all man ner of evil, natural and mot al, by which we should be as the son of perdition observed without honor and without courage and be neath the condition of the colony ol Jamaica, in rei pect of honor and dignity. lay reason sounds aloud, choose no man for your future President who offers himself tor he seeks r.ot the good of America, but bis own interest and Honor. If ary ask what then shall we do. In answer to such an inquiry I sav choose a Washington, the relation and friend of that great and good man, who under god brought into a glorious state of liberty and independ ence : This I say is the man that I believe will restore us to our prcslinc greatness and honor, make us once more a happy people : I mean Mr. Btishrod Washington, who now fills an honorable office and is 1 believe wor thy to fill the Presidential Chair. Had we the wisdom to elect him we should see no more hostility to one belligerent and an olive . held to the other ; no more embargoes, non intercourse, and restrictions on commerce— but an honest and just policy towards all na : tions would he pursue, seeking the good ol the people of America. A VIRGINIAN. Refactions on IVar! [Extracted from a Sermon delivered in the Baptist Meeting-House, in Cambridge,Eng land.] [Continued from our last.] lt is time to proceed to another view of the subject, which is, the influ ence of national warfare on the morals of mankind; a topic on which 1 must be very brief, but which it would be wrong to omit, as it supplies an addi tional reason to every good man for the love of peace. “ The contests of nations are both the offspring and the parent of injus tice. The Word of God ascribes the existence of war to the disorderly pas sions of men. Whence come wars and fightings among you? saith the Apos tle James, come they not from your lusts that war in your members ?—It is cer tain, two nations cannot engage in hos lilities, but one party must be guilty of injustice;—and if the magnitude of crimes is to be estimated by a regard to their consequences, it is difficult to conceive an action of equal guilt with the wanton violation of peace. Though something must generally be allowed for the complexness and intricacy of national claims, and the consequent li ability to deception, yet where the guilt of an unjust war is clear and manifest, it sinks every other crime into insigni ficance. If the existence of war always implies injustice, in one al least of the parties concerned, it is also the fruitful parent of crimes. It reverses, with respect to its objects, all the rules of morality. It is nothing less than a temporary repeal of the principles of virtue. “ It is a system out of which almcst all the virtues are excluded, and in which nearly all the vices are incorpo rated, Whatever renders human na ture amiable or respectable, w hatever engages love or confidence, is sacrific ed at its shrine. In instructing us to consider a portion of our fellow crea tures as the proper object of enmity, it removes, as far as they arc concerned, the basis of all society, of all civiliza tion and virtue ; for the basis of these is the good w ill due to every individual of the species, as being a part of our selves. From lliis principle all the rules of social virtue emanate. Jus tice and humanity in their utmost ex tent are nothing more than the practi cal application of this great law. The sword, and that alone, cuts asunder the bond of comangiiinuity, which u niles man to man. As it immediately aims at the extinction of life, it is next to impossible, upon the principle that every thing may he lawfully done to him whom we have a right to kill, to set limits to military licence; for when men pass from the dominion of reason to that of force, whatever restraints are attempted to be laid on the pas sions will he feeble and fluctuating.— Though we must applaud, therefore, the attempts of the humane Grotius, to blend maxims of humanity w ith milita ry operations, it is to be feared they will never coalesce,‘since the former imply the subsistence of those ties which the latter suppose to be dissolv ed. Hence the morality of peaceful times is directly opposite to the maxims of war. The fundamental rule of the first is to do good ; of the latter, to in flict injuries. The former commands us to succour the oppressed : the latter to overwhelm the defenceless. The former teaches men to love their ene mies ; the latter to make themselves t: rrible even to strangers. The rules of morality will r.ot suffer us to pro mote the dearest interest by falsehood; the maxims of war applaud it when employed in the destruction of others. That a familiarity with such maxims, must tend to harden lire heart, as well as to pervert the aer.il sentiments, is too obvious to need illustration. Ti e natural consequences ol their preva lence • 11,1 unfeeling and unprincipled ambition, with uu idolatry o taler s, and a contempt of virtue; whence the esteem of mankind is turned from (he humble, the beneficent and the good, to men who are cjmilified b) a geiiiua hi tile in expedients, a courage that is ne ver appalled, ami a heart that never pities, to become the destroyers ol the earth. While the philanthropist is de vising means lo mitigate the evils and augment the happiness of the world, a fellow -worker together with God, in exploring and given effect to the bene volent tendencies of nature, the war rior is revolving, in the gl omy reces ses of his capacious mind, plans of lu ture devastation and ruin; prisons crowded with captives, cities emptied of their inhabitants, fields desolate and waste, are among his proudest tro phies. The fabric of his fame is ce mented with tears and blood; and il his name is watted to the ends oi the earth, it is in the shrill cry of suffering humanity ; in the curses and impreca tions of those whom his sward has re duced to despair. “ Let me he not understood to involve i in this guilt every man who engages in i war. or to assert that war itself is in all cases unlawful. The injustice ot i mankind hitherto incurable, renders > it in some instances necessary, and therefore lawful; but unquestionably, these instances are much more rare than the practice of the world and its casuis try would lead us to suppose. In contemplating the influence of war on public morals, it would be un pardonable not to remark the effects it never fails to produce in those parts of the world w hich are its immediate scat. The injury which the morals of a peo ple sustain from an invading army is prodigious. The agitation and sus pense universally prevalent, are in compatible with every thing which re fiuires calm thought or serious reflection. In such a situation is it any wonder the duties of piety fall into neglect, the sanctuary of God is forsaken, and the gates of Zion mourn and are desolate? Familiarized to the sight of rapine and slaughter, the people must acquire a hard and unfeeling character. The precarious tenure in which every thing is held during the absence of laws, must impair confidence; Ihe sudden re volutions must be infinitely favourable to fraud and injustice. He who reflects on these consequences, will not think it too much to affirm, that the injury the virtue, of a people sustains from inva sion is greater than that which affects their property or their lives, lie will perceive that by such a calamity the seeds of order, v irtue and piety, w hich it is the first care of education to im plant and mature, are swept away as by a hurricane/’ In order that our readers may know how our political adversaries account fur the change which has just taken taken place, we give the following ex planation, as wo find it in their own leading print.* JV*. T. Evn. Post. From Hie Albany Register of Tuesday. 11l HASTE ItOtS EFFECTS OF TAXATION, I’KOBO <I ATI ON AMI DF.NT NCIATIOS. To sigh over the fallen ruins of a splendid edifice, would be unavailing* without tracing the causes of its fall, and pointing to the means of repairing the ravages of folly or design, and res toring the fabric to its pristine stateli ness. strength and splendor. The republican column of the state of New-York is now prostrate in the dust. The breath of the people has withered it, it has fallen, and its scat tered fragments, from Long-Island to Genesee, fill the mind of the patriot with painful retrospects and melancho ly presages. But where shall we look for the cau ses of this mournful and mighty ruin r We answer, there is as little difficulty in the mind of u correct observer of human affairs in recurring to the cau ses, as there was in seeing the effects that have flown from them. Firstly—Gelatin’s budget of federal taxation, for whieh no necessity ever existed, alarmed some and palsied the energies of others of the best support ers of the republican system. Secondly—The prorogation of the legislature lo stop the passage of a bill; a measure unprecedented in our annals—of doubtful aspect, at least, as to its constitutionally, by many of the most genuine republicans deemed to be both arbitrary and unconstitutional— and in every point, of view a dangerous and alarming exercise of power. Asa precedent, in the hands of our oppo nents, what mischief may not flow from the repetition of this expedient, unless the constitution he speedily explained or amended, by the eall of a convention, so as to lop elf entirely this royal ex crescence. inadvertently spared by the sword of the revolution. Further, the prorogation, by proclaiming to the peo ple, that republican legislatures had repeatedly been bribed, impaired the confidence if many in republican can didates, and induced them either to vote for federalists, or ret to vete at all. Thirdly, and perhaps the most ef fective oi ali, w e may rank the denun. ciations of the Marthng men and their adherents under the auspices of Am brose Spencer; the spreading of tha fulmitiations of those men by lib cmis. saries in the western district, and (l u j r intolerant persecution of every mau who voted lur the Bank of America. The root of the Embargoes The two embargoes laid upon our country have been, both of them, executive measures. The first, very unexpected- Jv to congress as well as the American public, was recommended by Mr. Jes. ferson, December 18, 1807, as beirg of the greatest importance to keep fu safety the essential resources of our coup, try. Father than that, the Why and Wherefore were not given. The par ticular cause of that embargo was en veloped in mystery at the time, ;ud the measure was a matter of great won der and astonishment ; inasmuch as the British orders in council were rot then known to exist, and the premiums of insurance on American products and merchandize, had risen little or noth ing. In a short time the mystery was un ravelled. The French Emperor had declared, that “ the Americans should be compelled to take tbe positive cha racter of either alics or enemies.'’— Also Champagr.y,the French minister, in his letter to General Armstrong. [Oct. 7, 1807] had declared in sub stance that the continental system, or the Berlin decree must be rendered “ complete.’’’ lienee the embargo was hurried on. Four days after the ar rival of these despatches from France, Mr. Jefferson recommended the em bargo, and had it hurried through both houses of Congress, with utmost speed. Unquestionably it was a French mea sure, and of course, Bonaparte, liir„> and again, expressed his unqualified approbation of it. The present embargo was recom mended to congress, by the executive, in the same vague inuinuite manner, a the former cne. No particular rea sons far it were given. The I’residwit “ considered it us expedient under ex isting dram stances." —is there r.o key to unlock th? secret? Yes, Mr. Ha: - dolph has furnished one. In his speech on the subject, April 1, Mr. R declar ed, of Lis own knowledge , that the French minister, Mr. Seriurier, e\;: since liis arrival at the seat of govern ment, had been pressing our govern ment to prohibit the exportation of c::r commerce to the Spanish peninsula.’’- - To this cause, an Mr. Randolph plai - ly intimated, our present embargo attributable. AVlmt so favorable a time, at once to grainy Bonanarte and to give a fatal stub to the peninsula, as the present, w hen ii is in uncommon want of provisions and our country ha: an immense surplus in readiness for xpoitolion thither— Con. Cour. At Private Sale. 10,000 ihsCordage; 2 Hawsers 20 hhds Molasses 20 do. Sugar 30 do. F. Hum, 20 do. Whisk*: * 10 pipes Brandy ; 30 obis Brain! 50 bis. Apple Brandy 15 hhds West-!:alia !hia 100 bags and 20 bids. Coffee 30 pipes Gin 49 bbls. Flour 20 chests Hyson Tea 30 bbls. Loaf Sugar 30 boxes Candles 1C pipes Brandy Also,will be exchanged fur Cot tun. 2 pipes Madeira AYiue 2co kegs Gunpowder tl chests Hyson skin Tea 4 elegant stick bodied Girors. PUNNING & { LAY Landing, At Rice’s Wharf. From on beard the Sloop Arc. turns, from Fredericksburg ;, Virgina. 1300 bushels Corn, 30 barrels Flour, 50 half barrels do. 10 barrels Pilot Bread, 50 kegs Crackers, Pur Sate be CARPENTER & GREEN. Ma y 5 o RED-LION HOTEL, JVV 200, Market-Street, within f,v - g,or / Sixth Street, on tie South ethic, , .j. in ; .* Centre of the J’lincipc! Pr.tmrtcr.i, &c. GEORGE YOKE, ITAVING considerably .1 |j this concern, to which, !.y „ ; addition to the building, he has a Fir ! a number of Chambers, a large iJinir-g. room and extensive Stalling —lnfoKrs Merchants and Travellers,',* at lie ire, it in his power to accommodate them with a well served up table, good v inn liquors, — moderate charges, avd most unremitting aUcutiou $• in cfccr*. with every convenience, which he flat ters himself, will give satisfaction to his Friends and the Public. Philadelphia, A'cv. 2, ISJI. l