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Cnnstitatuntatist & ivtjiulilir. by jambs aASBirsR/ office on Mclntosh -street, raiaD D>ua thr north-west corner of broad-street . TERMS. Daily, in advance per annum $0 00 If notin advance per annum ..... 7 00 Tri-Weekly, in advance. per annum 4 00 If not in advance p<*r annum 5 00 Weekly, in advance... .per annum 200 [From the Knickerbocker for November.] Deal Gently with my Mother, World. BY HENRY CLAY I’REUSS. Deal gently with my Mother, World! Hear days are in the yellow leaf, And time with her is growing brief; She is not now what she hath been : Her eye hath lost its glowing sheen; The rose is faded from her cheek, And life's dark stream grows faint and weak : The forms which walked with her of yore Come back again, oh, nevermore ! Deal gently with my Mother, World! 1 was not favored by thee, World! Oh, life was dark, o’en from my birth. And I have tired long of earth ; But now I know mine hour is come, And I shall soon be going home: I feel the death-damps on my brow, But, World, I do not blame thee now ! Though thou has been unkind to me, I cast no harsh reproach on thee; My boyish dreams bare passed away, But with my dying-breath I pray, Deal gently with my Mother, World! Spare her in your sorrows, World ! I was her favorite, darling boy, Her earthly hope, her spirit's joy. God ot ly knows I loved her well— How much, no language now can tell. But I am fallen in my prime, As leaves in early summer-time, And when my soul shall leave its clay, • Her last fond hope will pass away: Then, in my deep despondency, This dying boon I crave of thee: Deal gently with my Mother, World! Washington, (D. C.) The North West Passage—Commodore M’Clure's Despatches. The London Times of the 7th ult., publishes the Despatches from Com. McClure, to the Brit ish Admiralty, relative to the discovery of the North West Passage, to which cursory referance was made by the previous steamer. These des patches are very numerous, and very volumin ous. We present below’their most interesting and important features. The great point settled by Commodore McClure is this ; he has managed to force his ship,the Investigator, far enough, through the icy mountains of Bherings Straits, to a point from which she could communicate with others which had entered the Artie Seas by the Atlantic passage. It is well tq note this fact, particularly, ine impression having been created that the Investigator had sailed from ocean to ocean which is not the case just yet— but it will be seen by Com. McClure s despatch, below, that he has no doubt, he will be able to make a passage to England now, through Da vis’ Straits. Praticaliv, thereiore, he is entitled to the credit of having accomplished the voyage from ocean to ocean. The Investigator, while forcing her way through Barrows Straits, (Sept. 24tb, 1852) from the west, was run ashore, the Commodore ma king his winter quarters there, —in the Bay of Mercy. We give below an interesting extract. And it is from that point be it remembered, that he now u’rites. Com. McC. is sanguine of re turning home to England, byway of Baffin’s Bay iu 1854. Portions of the dtspatches are ex ceedingly interesting. There are two remarkable discoveries men tioned in Captain McClure’s Journal—viz: some smoking hillocks and a pertiified forest. He also states that during his intercourse with the natives he only once met with any hostile demonstrations. This occurred at Port Warren, near the Mackenzie, w here, on attempting to land, two natives with threatening gestures waved them off. It was not w ithout much dif ficulty that they were pacified, and then ti ey related that all their tribe but the chief and bis sick son had fled on seeing the ship, alleging as a reason that they feared the ship had come to re venge the death of a whiteman they had mur dered some time ago. They (through the inter preter) related that some white men had come therein a boat, and that they built themselves a house and lived there; at last the natives mur dered one, and the others escaped they knew not wheie, but the murdeied man w 7 as buried in a spot they pointed out. A thick fog coming on prevented Capt. McCluie from examining this locality, which is much regretted, as here is the probable position where a boat party endeavor ing to return by the Mackenzie would have en camped. 44 The currents along the coasts of the Polar Sea appear to fye influenced in their direction more or less by the winds; but certainly upon the west side of Bherings Island there is a per manent set to the eastward. Atone time we found it as much as two knots during a perfect calm; and that the flood tide sets from the west ward we have ascertained beyond a doubt, as the opjiortunities afforded duiing our detention along the western shore of this island gave am ple proof. 41 The prevailing winds along the American shore, and in the Prince of Wales Strait, we found to be N. E., but upon this cost S. S W. to N. W. 44 A ship stands no chance of getting to the westward by entering tbe Polar Sea, the water along shore being very narrow’ and wind con trary, and the pack impenetrable; but through Prince of Wales Strait and by keeping along the American coast, I conceive it practicable. Drift wood is in great abundance upon the east coast of Prince of Wales Strait, and on the American shore, also, much game. ‘ In this vicinity the hills abound in reindeer and hares, which remain the entire winter : we have been very fortunate in procuring upwards 0f4,000 lbs. ‘•The health of the crew has been, and still continues excellent, without any diminution of numbers, nor have we felt the slightest trace of scurvy. “It is my intention, if possible, to return to England this season, touching at Melville Island and Port Leopold, but should we not be a«ain heard of, in all probability we shall have been carried into the Polar pack, or to the westward of Melville Island, in either of which cases any • attempt to send succor would only be to increase the evil, as any ship that enters the Polar Pack must be inevitably crushed ; therefore, a depot of provisions, or ashipat Winter Harbor is the best and only certainty for the safety of the sur viving crews. . “No trace whatever has been met with, or any information obtained from the natives, which could bv any possibility lead to the supposition that Sir John Franklin’s expedition, or any of his crews, have ever reached the shore we have visited or searched, nor have we been more for tunate with respect to ’he Enterprise, not hav ing seen her since parting company at the S'.raits of Magellan on tbe 20th of April, ISSO. The Dardanelles. The old gates of James were opened when Rome was at war; and their modern prototypes, the Dardanelles straits, are open only when a state of war makes treaty stipulations void, and the Porte deems it to be necessary to admit his allies through them to protect his capitol. The accounts we have are that they are now open for the passage of the British and French fleets. The Dardanelles, from which the strait, or Hellespont, derives.its name, are four strong cas tles built opposite to each other on the European and Asiatic coasts; and are the keys of Con stantinople. Two of these castles, the old cas tles, were raised by Mahommed 11., soon after the conquest of Constantinople, in 1453; the other two, the new castles, were built in the middle of the seventeenth century to protect the Turks against the Venetians. The latter com mand the entrance to the Hellespont, and the distance from each is about two miles and a quar ter ; in four hours’ sail up the strait are the old castles, which are about three quarters of a mile apart. These are well mounted with formida ble batteries. All along the European shore to the Marmora the aspect of nature in its ruggedness corresponds with tie frown of guns; but the scenery on the Asiatic shore is beautiful. I The region abounds, too, iu places famous in ! classic story. Here it was Leander paid his nightly visit to Heio; here the ill-fated hosts of Xerxes crossed on a bridge of boats; here Soly- ! man crossed on a bare raft: and, in modern times, here Byron swam from Sestos to Aby dee- These famous straits have been more than once passed. In 1770 the Russian squadron, un der Elphistone, appeared before the tower cas tles ; and the admiral actually went by without damage, but the other ships did not follow him, and he Teturne 1, wtih drums and trumpets sound ing. A British fleet under Admiral Duckworth foiced their passage in 1807. Duckworth, in his dispatch to his government, giving an ac count ot this fact, acknowledges that he ran a narrow cnance. He set sail on the morning of the 19th of February. At a quarter before nine the whole squadron, under a tremendous fire, had escaped the other castles; at half past nine the leading ship, the Canopus, entered the nar row passage of Sestos and Abydos, under a hea vy cannonade from both castles, receiving stone shot of 800 pounds weight. Each ship, as it passed, had to endare this cannonade. The ad miral remained before Constantinople until the 3J of March, when his squadron ot ten ships re turned. In this interval the Turks had -been so busy that the castles were made ‘‘doubly formi dable. The admiral weighed anchor in the morning of this day, and “every ship was in safety outside of the passage about noon. ;j The admiral, in his dispatch, expresses his “most lively sense” of his good fortune, and admits that had the Turks been allowed a week longer, “it would have been a very doubtful point whether a return would lay open to him at all.” He lost 42 killed and 235 W’ounded. The Turks were so indignant at the escape of the British fleet that they believed the governor of the Darda nelles was bribed by Duckworth, and beheaded him. The Dardanelles are said to be in such a for midable condition as to be impregnahle. I Correspondence of the Charleston Courier ] Washington, Oct. 30. The President is determined not to submit to insubordination in the ranks of the office-holders. He has put his administration upon the strong ground of Executive patronage, and we shall see that, under present circumstances, it must work wonders. To-day, the President having under stood that some of the office holders in Boston were Adamantines, and disposed to be rebellious, directed their decapitation. The bow string is now sent by telegraph. It is not doubted that the Administration will be sustained at the North, as well as at the South, by the Democratic party as a mass. There will be some little in subordination in Congress, but it will soon be put down. Mr. Disney of Ohio, one of the prominent can didates for the Speakership, is now here. Co!. Orr of South Carolina, is also a prominent can didate, and will, as I learn, be here a few days before the commencement of the Session. Mr. Olds of Ohio, is also a candidate. The account of the recent address of Col. Orr to his constituents iu South Carolina, has been favorably noticed by the friends of the Admin istration, and it is believed that he fairly rep resents their policy on the subjects which he treated. The administration will recommend the pay ment of the public debt, and a reduction of tbe tariff. It is not known what plan of reduction they will propose, but it is believed that they will propose a large addition to the list of free ar ticles,and thus diminish the amount of labor and expense in the different offices of the revenue de partment. Railroad iron, and indeed all kinds of iron, may be exempted from duty, and without much injury to the domestic producer or manu facturer, at its present high rates. There will be a strenuous and combined effort on the part of many of those who represent Railroad in terests, to procure an abolition of duty on rails, or at least, an exemption of them from duty lor a limited tier e. There wiil also be a party, and a stiong one, in Congress and in the country, in favor of the exemption of sugars from duty. There are many articles, now dutiable, that enter into the manuiacturesof this country, as material, that may be added to the free list. The Secretary of the Treasuary is now’ engag ed in collecting and comparing materials for a new Tariff of duties. As to the Pacific Railroad, the administration will leave it, as they have done other measures of the Government, to the judgment of Congress; and they will not hesitate, probably, to approve any measure that goes not beyond those that have every year been passed, in aid of the construction of YVestern railroads. That is, if Congress grant lands in aid of this road, the President will approve the measure; but he will not approve a bill that will make the Government the contractor or proprietor of the road. This matter is well understood here, so much so, that the New York, Atlantic, and Pacific Railroad Company will not even ask for anything more than a grant of lands, on their route from El Paso to San Diego, and, in addi tion, payment for the transportation of the U. States mails and troops, &c. Col. Orr seems, in fact, to havs struck, in his address, upon the chief traits of the domestic policy of the administration. The amount of U. S. Stocks redeemed at the Treasury this week, has been $573,850. All that is advertised for, will be brought in an can celled before the Ist of Dec., and the premium offered will then be reduced. Real Estate in Savannah. —If the high prices paid for real estate furnish any indication of the onward march of a city, then have the people of Savannah cause tor gratulation. City lots were sold yesterday at auction at higher comparative prices than at any previous sale within thirty years. Lot No. 10, Digby Tything, corner of Bryan and Jefferson streets, 60 by 90 feet, sold for $9,- 600. There are some buildings on this lot, but they are of but little value. Trust lot, letter 1, west of tbe Market. 60 by 180, without any buildings, brought in the aggregate $23,050. It was divided into six lots, each 30 by 60. The two lronting on the Market sold for $4,250 and $4,900; the two fronting on Jefferson street for $3,600 each; and the two on St. Julian, running through to Bryan street, lor $3,400 and $3,300 respectively. Other lots were knocked off at high figures, the competition among bidders be ing animated.— Savannah Republican , 2d inst. The Cotton Crop. —We have been furnished the tollowing extract of a private letter Irom Richmond county to a house in this city, for publication: Yours of the 25th I received last evenin° r . 1 am just from Burke, and have witnessedlhe effects of the Irost of last Tuesday morning- I ran safely say that it was one of the most fatal lrosts that I have ever known. We had no fro«t in 1802 until Nov. 15th; that fact 1 find record ed in my plantation book. Then there was but little damage to be done, but the frost of Tuesday last tell upon a remarkably late crop. “The present crop did but little, if anything in growing and taking on fruit until July- con sequently not more than half of the crop came to maturity before the frost, and this irost was rendered more destructive by its being preceded by two or three days of rain. I find most of the unopened boils soft and watery. The drought up to July entirely checked the growth, and'af ter that, the rains caused the cotton to grow very rapidly and luxuriantly, when it became full ot sap, and more easily injured by frost. “Yours, &c.” Frauds in California Trade. —A San Fiancisco correspondent of the Journal of Com merce, speaks of the bitter complaints made by merchants in San Francisco, of the growing practice in Eastern cities of false packing, false weight and tares, equal in many cases to ten or fifteen per cent, on butter, hams and bacon in hogsheads. Boston and Philadelphia eggs are sent there in large quantities, in tins marked and invoiced 20 dozen each, which cannot be made to hold, when emptied of the lime prepa ration, over 15 dozen. He also charges the New’ i oik and Boston shippers with over-measuring goods. Ship-owners not being satisfied with freights that will pay 100 per cent, profit on a single voyage, seek to add 15 percent more by shaving their customers. Nineteen instances have recently, he says, came under his observa tion, where, on freight bills at about S7OO, deduc tions of over-measurement have been exacted and refunded of over four hundred cubic feet ! Others have had nearly one-third taken off by remeasurement at San Francisco. The Frost. —The Sandersville Central Geor gian of the Ist int.,says there was another frost in Washington county, on Monday morning, which would probably destroy the remaining vitality in vegetation. It adds: We hear some of the farmers say that the cotton is cut off irremediably. It looks very much like it in this vicinity, judging from the quantity which has been usually received at this place at this season of the year, and the very small quantity which has been brought in to this time, and we learn that the receipts at the Sta tions upon the C. R. R. are very small compared with previous years. Such indications afford a very good ground of belief that the crops through this section at least, will be short. AUGUSTA, GA. I FRIDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 4. The Senatorship. Were the question, who shall be elected United States Senator ? one simply of personal prefer ence among the friends of the promiuent as pirants for that high position, we should not have participated in a discussion on the subject. Aiguments based simply on the personal wishes oi individuals could possess but little public in terest, and would command a Yery small share ot attention. But when the great and permanent interests of the party are involved, and the highest and best motives which can attach the citizen to his party and the principles it is organized to ad vance, are appealed to, we recognize no obliga tion of silence, and deny its policy. A question involving considerations of vital importance to the party, is entitled to discussion—the fullest, fairest and frankest possible—whether it be agee abie to a few individual members of the party personally interested, or not. It is not their in terests and wishes, but the general good that is to be subserved. Whatever misgivings we might have entertained upon the propriety ot stifling all discussion through the newspapers, as to the proper policy of the Democratic party in refer ence to the Senatorial election, we are now more firmly convinced than ever that such a course has no good reason to justify it in the present case. On the contrary there are many good rea sons why public sentiment should be fully in voked and freely expressed upon it. Several Democratic papers in the State have expressed dissent to our course and to our opinions on this subject. This is all right and fair. We are quite ready to listen to their reasoning, and to weigh impartially their arguments against dis cussion. But they have contented themselves with putting forth their ipse dixit , that the dis cussion is impolitic. They have not attempted to answer the arguments we advanced to sustain our position. Those arguments we submit to the candid consideration of the members of the Legislature. But the Columbus Times Sf Sentinel does us, and does the question itself, the gross injustice of affixing the term “ Partisan Feeling to the discussion. Having received the following para graph from Columbus in a letter envelope we presume our advocacy of the election ot Gov. Cobb is especially aimed at, as deserving this designation. A Premature Display of Partisan Feeling. —We observe that several papers iti the State are beginning to press the claims of favorite can didates upon the public attention. It is very natural that each section of the State should have its preference, but as all cannot be gratified we consider it extremely unjust that one should be sustained at the disparagement of another. We have many good and true men in the Democra tic party well qualified to fill any and all of the stations which the next session of our Legisla ture may confer.—No means should therefore be used to forestall public opinion as to the exclu sive fitness of this or that man. It is very pro per that the names and qualifications of indivi duals should be given to the public and let the people as well as members elect of the Legisla ture know who they are, and what they are, but we decidedly object to the unfair course which already seems to have been begun, of canvassing the claims of this and that wing of the party, and sustaining as the necessary choice any one tor whom a plausible case can be made out. With whatever show of magnanimity, or of justice, such a course may be pursued, the public will be very hard to convince that there is not something beyond this; some ulterior purposes to be sub served, some ends to be attained not altogether prompted by disinterested motives or magnani mous concessions. We have achieved a glorious victory m the late elections—and all worked well and faithfully. Shall it be said that one deserves more for voting the Democratic ticket than another? That to the Southern Rights Democrat belongs special commendation or re ward, because he labors to sustain the national administration of Pierce, or that the Union De mocrat made great sacrifices in doing the same thing ? Is the Union man of 7 51 a better De mocrat for supporting Johnson than the Southern Rights Democrat for adopting the policy and views of the Administration ? We trow not. We trust then that the course already begun by some will receive a decided check. Let the par ty go into the election lor United States Senator and Judges of the Supreme Bench, as a whole, and not with a view to the rewarding of this or that wing, or its peculiar representative. Now we do the editor of the Times £ Sentinel , who penned the above, the justice of supposing him intellectually capable of comprehending, and morally capable of appreciating, motives higher than mere personal preferences or selfish ulterior purposes prompting the advocacy of a specific course by the party. But when he ignores the existence of these higher motives in the course we have adopted, he chal lenges investigation as to his own motives. — Now it may fairly be asked if the silence he would invoke from the public press, in an im portant position—we might say an important crisis —of the party, is prompted by a long sight ed view of its permanent interests, or by the claims and the chances of his particular favorites for office ? Were this a question simply of choice among the candidates, and disconnected with ulterior considerations bearing on the future prosperity of the party, we should have dismissed it with few words. Our opinions have undergone no change as to the impolicy—perhaps we should designate it, the misappropriation of time and space—on the part of an editor to devote his columns to the praises of a personal favorite and his peculiar claims and fitness for office, when neither his election nor his defeat is identified with a principle or would have an important bearing on party results or permanent interests. In the present case, our own personal predilections should not have tempted us to break silence.— Ihose predilections have been, and we may add are still, in favor of our personal friend, Gov. McDonald, whose defeat in 1851, on account of his Southern Rights principles, was to us a source of deep chagrin. Our sympathies and opinions were wholly and warmly with him.— Nothing could personally gratify us more than to witness a just recognition of his intelligence and his patriotism, and see his services invoked in high and honorable positions. -But the reasons we urged why a Union Dem ocrat should be elected to the United States Sen ate lost none ot their force with us on account of our personal predilections towards the South ern Rights wing of the party. We did not originate the discussion. Our re marks were called forth by an article sent us for publication, by a friend of Judge Warner. Bub we do not regret the discussion, nor think it detrimental to the Democratic Party. We have received several communications by letter, on the subject, on both sides. In opposi tion to our views, we received two lettteis only, both from subscribers. They simply stopped their papers, because of our advocacy of Gov. Cobb’s election. Had they furnished an argu ment, or even a thought, worthy the attention of an intelligent man, in opposition/we should have given the public the benefit of it. But people who act in that way, are usually not men governed by cool judgment and reason. On the other hand, we have received many communications, verbal and written sustaining our views. We publish below tvro of them, ono from the otb, and the other from the 7th Congressional Districts, both from Southern Rights Democrats, which we commend to public attention. A passing reference is made by the Times £ Sentinel to the election of Judges ot the Su preme Court. The editor proposes that tht parly should “go into the election for U. S. Senator and Judges of the Supreme Bench, as a whole.” Now, it may well be a question whe ther the offices of Supreme Court Judge, are le gitimate spoils of a political triumph, or wheth er the public interests are to be benefited by a change of the Court, every time the State chan ges its politics. We do not propose to discuss the point, but allude to it now simply to remind the editor of the Times fy Sentinel that last De cember that paper talked very handsomely of the impropriety of making political opinions a test in the election of Superior Court Judges. — In fact, if our memory is not greatly at fault, it warmly and eloquently advocated the election of a Whig to the Judgeship of the Chattahoochie Circuit. The principle is light this far, we think —that a competent Judge, especially if he be ol the same politics with the dominant party, should not be turned out in order to give his place to a political partizan. When the Legislature be gins to dispose of seats on the Supreme Bench in that way, the people will, and properly, too, take the elections into their own hands. In that case there could be no log-rolling, bartering and bargaining, in reference to those responsi ble offices. November 2d, 1853. ***** * * Whilst writing, I cannot refrain from embra cing this opportunity to endorse, most cordially and emphatically, the suggestions of your late editoiial, touching the election ot a United States Senator, by our approaching Legislature. The movements and intimations of your paper upon this subject were watched for with much anx iety by both parties, in this section of the State, and especially by both divisions of the Demo cratic party. The simple declaration, that the Democratic party is re-organized and united, is very handsome language, and quite easily said; but unless our faith is proven by our works, the ultimate and practical result will be alienation and 'mistrust between the two wings of the Democratic party, and a confusion of political el ements similar, and worse, than that now exist ing in the State of New York. We may talk as flippantly as we please, about the impropriety of asking from which wing of a party a certain person comes, after the two wings are organized and consolidated; but as long as the principles of recollection and resentment exist hi human na ture, this doctrine cannot and will not be carried into practical operation. Like yourself, during the recent division of parties in Georgia, on the Compromise questions, I was a Southern Rights man, of the straightest and strictest sect, and as long as the agitation continued, and the ques tion was unsettled, I remained unflinchingly at my post, with my colors and principles stream ing in the breeze. But, when Georgia had de termined, both at trial term, and on the appeal, to abide by the Compromise, and when the Bal timore Platform had been established upon such principles that both sections of our party might stand upon it without a compromise of their honor, or their principles, I cordially accepted the nominee of that Convention, and have been striving ever since for a complete fusion and re organization of our party. It was indeed a grat ifying and inspiring spectacle to see, in the late animated contest in Georgia, the Union Demo crats ignoring all former differences of opinion, and linking themselves to the political fortunes of our gallant standard bearer. The Union Dem ' ocrats could well afford to see a majority of of fices in our State given to men who were for merly Southern Rights men, because it is con ceded that that party formed at least three fourths of the preseat Democratic party. But, in the spirit of fairness and conciliation, it must likewise be conceded that the Union Democrats were as honest in their motives and action as ourselves, and we all know that theie were men . in their ranks, ornaments to the State and Gov erntnent, and capable of discharging the duties of any office. Hence, I believe like you, that policy and generosity alike demand that the , Senatorial robe within the control and disposi tion of the approaching Legislature, should be ) placed upon some worthy Union Democrat; ap.d I likewise believe that your suggestion is ir.jost wise and judicious, that the fortunate recipj ont of i that honorable mantle should be the Hor,. How i ell Cobb. His voluntary abandonme nt of the i Union party when the questions were settled • which brought it into life, and wh-.ch the Whigs • sought to keep in existence for fneir own party i ends and triumph, his gallant bearing in the late exciting struggle, his position and influence in ; Georgia, and the malignity with which he is now hunted down and persecuted by his late Whig friends, conspire in pointing to him as the i proper man for the office. And it is my honest conviction that if wisdom shall guide the coun . sei 9 the Democracy, and a spirit of liberality | pervade its ranks, that the cherished principles ! of their time-honored faith will be in the aseen j dant, at least io Georgia, for a cycle of years to i come. Oct. 29, 1853. Mr. Editor: —The editorial contained in your daily of Wednesday last, upon the subject ol the election of a U. S. Senator by the next Legislature, meets the hearty approval of all true democrats with whom 1 have conversed. For some time past, democratic sentiment in this part ot the State, has been tending to the point, that justice to the Union portion of the ! party requires that they should furnish the Sena tor. The reasons so strongly urged in the article before alluded to, are perfectly conclusive to the minds of all who really prefer the unity of the party upon a firm and permanent basis, to the advancement of particular favorites. It is cer tain that without the aid of Union Democrats | Judge Johnson would not have been elected | Governor, nor, without such aid, can a democrat be elected to any office by the Legislature.— V\ hat folly then to pursue a course of proscrip tion which will, and I will go further and say, ought to drive our Union Democratic brethren forever from us? The Southern Rights portion of the party, ; foiming as they do, a large majority, should set l an exam pl e ot magnanimity which will insure j * or future, that union and harmony, so ne cessary to the permanent success of our princi ples. Let our motto then be “everything for the cause and nothing for men,” and all will go right; but on the contrary, should old scores be raked up, giving rise to heartburning and re- then a long farewell, to the supre macy of the Democratic Party in Georgia. An other opening of the wound which is scarcely cicatrized, would unquestionably result in a di vision which wouTd be fatal and permanent. If then the election of Mr. Cobb to the Senate, is demanded by both justice and good policy, ■ what should prevent such a concentration of strength in the Legislature as will accomplish it? Nothing can or will prevent it, in the opin- ; ion of the writer, but a total disregard of all j those considerations which should influence the % Democratic Party of Georgia in the present exi- 1 genoy. For Gov. McDonald and Judge Warner, I en tertain the highest respect, and should I be gov erned by private considerations, one of them would claim my most earnest support. A Southern Rights Democrat. CIP" The Northern mail due last evening at 3 o’clock did not arrive until about five. The de lay was caused by tha locomotive running over several cows. No damage sustained. Another Murder. We understand that a man by the name of Patton, a cotton buyer, was killed in Hamburg on Wednesday evening by Gus. Pryor. We did not learn the particulars, but understand that Patton’s throat was so badly cut that he died shortly after the deed was done. The Kunkel Troupe. This celebrated troupe made their first ap pearance in this city last evening, and although the weather was unfavorable, still we were pleased to see so good an attendance. Their is much humor in their jokes, and their instrumen tal music and dancing is very good. They per form again this evening, and will no doubt be greeted with a full house, as alll present last ezening seemed to be highly delighted with their performances. Synod of Georgia. —The Athens Banner of the 3d inst says—The Synod of Geogia held its first meeting in this place last evening. No business of importance transacted. The atten dance good. We hope to be able to give a his tory of the proceedings in our next. The Charleston Courier of the 3d inst., says: The Mills House” is opened this day, for the reception of boarders and the travelling public : and some of the handsomest and best appointed carriages, we think we ever saw’, will be at the Railroad Depot aud at the Wharves to convey passengers to the House on the arrival of the trains and steamers. A grand Banq«et will be given by Mr. Nickerson, in honor of the opening of this establishment, on Saturday afternoon next, at half past three o’clock, to the Press of this city and State, and that of Augusta and Sa vannah. We trust that we shall have the plea sure of greeting a goodly number of our editorial brethren on the occasion. > The First White Frost. f The Savannah Courier of 2d inst., says : “We 1 are indebted to our intelligent and scientific l friend Dr. Posey, lor the following interesting table, showing the dates of the occurrence of the first white frost ar.d the first ice in the city oj Savannah, for the last ten years. We insert it with much pleasure, as it inav hereaiter be in teresting as a matter of reference. Itisbutpro > per to state that the table notes the date at which '< the thermometer indicated frost and ice, and not the date at which either were seen or supposed ' to have been seen by persons in the city or vi • cinity : First Frost. First Ice. , 1843,..., Oct. 28, Nov. 8. 1844, “ 29, Dec. 12. 1845 “ 22,.. t Nov. 28. 1 1840, “ 20 “ 26. i 1847, u 28’ “ 26. r 184%, “ 21, “ 20. i 1849, “ 31 Dec. 12. 1850, “ 24, “ 8. 1 1851, “ 24 1852, Nov. 8, “ 12. 1553, Oct. 20, ‘ Robbery.—The Savannah Georgian of 2d, inst., says: “A young man named Wm. Steel, ’ for some little time past clerk for Mr. Alexan -5 der, Grocer, corner of Bull & Congress streets, in this city, robbed the safe and money drawer of his employer of about $250, on Monday evening last, about 7 o’clock, while Mr. A. and another clerk was temporally absent, with which he decamped, leaving tihe store in charge of a negro 1 boy. Steel had only recently obtained the situ ation, and had resided'in the city but a shoit 3 time. He was searched for soon after the money 3 was missed, but up "to this time no traces of his 1 where-abo.uts have been gained. 3 A Great Ten Mile Race for SIO,OOO. t The New York Times says: “A match for i SIO,OOO has just been made by the owners of -two celebrated Geldings, one of which is Hero, } the pacer, and the other is known as the Sorrel d Gelding, of Hiram Woodruffs. The distance t agreed upon by the parties is ten miles repeat f on the Union Course. The horses are each - equal in speed to any now on the Turf of the e United States, and this long race has been made d expressly with a view of testing the speed and s bottom of Hero, which is claimed to be the fas y test pacer in the world. It will probably be a e thorough test of which is the best stcck in a race ii of such long distance, and bids fair to create some s considerable excitement among those who take e an interest in good horses. j. The Late Frost. —The .N. O. Picayune of the 30th ult., says: “Our date “cold snap,” r which brought with it the first true signs of win j ter, seems to have been general, if not simulta neous, in all the towns, villages and neighbor > hoods from which we have heard in Alabama, Mississippi and Lousiana. Frost on Tuesday morning, the 25th of October, was about in all the“diggins.” The late rains, .too, that we have i had, have also been general. The Cotton Crop of 1 852-3. The New York Times , of Saturday the 29th, publishes the following important table of the Export value of the late Cotton (drop, as it will appear in the official statistics of the Treasury , Department for the financial yeax ending 30th June hast, as furnished by its attentive Washing ton Correspondent. The figures give the amount and value shipped from each port:; and, the Tim >s say?, may be relied upon, as they are with a sin gle and very slight exception, derived from official resources: Exported from Pounds Value. New Orleans C10.966.70t $57,352,186 Mo’aile 182,329,646 16,560,368 Ch<wleston 120,411,505 14,411,564 New York 104,211,674 11,651,210 Savannah 64,633.745 6,957,016 Apalachicola 18,431,339 1,646,319 Galveston 5,9 37,303 541,821 Philadelphia 2,16'9,141 257,626 Boston 2,041*5,095 233,195 Key West 120,284 20,880 St. Marks 109..300 8,747 Baltimore 44,4,90 *4,937 Vermont 4 96 0 437 Niagara...- 577" 32 Grand Tol al .. . .1,111,405,670 $109,646,357 Previous year 1,093,230,639 87.965.732 Increase, 1.853 15,175,031. ,$21,680,625 Average pxice per pound, 1853 K 9.14 cents. Average p»rice per pound, 1852 8, 05 cents. *The figures at Baltimore from Ist iVpril to 30th June, 1853, are not official. Averaging the above total weights at 450 pounds to the bale, would give an export Fm. July 1, ’52, to June 30, ’53.2,475,681 kbales. Fm. July 1, ’sl, to June 30, ’52.2,435,292 biles. Increased exports 1853 40,389 ba!*'s. Arrested'.— On Monday last a roan who say* 1 his name is A. A. Collycr, was arrested at New Orleans on a charge ot being the in dividual who murdered a man named Bronson, in Georg ; a, and afterwards broke jail. Collyer’s acc. wot of him self while under the influence of liquor, was such as to give much season for supp vaing him to be the man wanted, so he was committed to I jail, to await the requisition of the Governor of | Georgia. ) Alexander Carroll, Esq , of the Charleston Courier office, has been appointed the Charleston agent of the European and American Telegraph - ic Association. Our Consul at Genoa.— The Washington Union of Sunday has a lengthy article on°the subject of the late announcement in the foreign news to the effect that E. Felix Foresti an Italian by birth, but for seventeen years a citi zen here, and some time since appointed Consul of the United States at Genoa, would not be. re ceived by the Sardinian government. The Union gives a history of Foresti, as a Piedmontese re public, who wared against Austria, and was finally betrayed and suffered long imprisonment, while his betrayer, Carlo Alberto, (since dead was rewarded with the crown of Sardinia. But duiingthe European revolution, from 1847 to ’49, Foresti remained in New York, and the President elects now to send him as an American citizen and a brother republican to the monarchy which has so long fought, and may have very soon a 6 ain to fight, against Austria. She, there fore, intervenes now once more against us, and tries to compel the Sardinian government to be false to itself, and to refuse to our consul his exe quatur. Sardinia is the natural ally of Switzer land, and thereby hangs a tale. The Union signi ficantly adds: “If, supposing that the telegraph and other hints are true, of which the Department of State has not received any official information, it is intended to form a coalition of monarchs to exclude from all the kingdoms ot Europe any man who has offended against the laws of one, the antagonists of the administration will not find the President either undecided or unprepar ed. The Austrian government, and its proprie tors in St. Petersburg and elsewhere, must learn that the United States cannot be brow-beaten or tricked. “We have every reason to believe that E. Fe lix Foresti is, and will be, our consul at Genoa, or there shall be none.” Well, Timed. —The New York Journal of Commerce well remarks on the causes of failure among merchants, when it says: “There are causes nearer home which compli cate the web of our prosperity far more than the Turkish question, but these seem to be over looked, while undue importance is given to the other. There may be war between Russia and Turkey, and it is possible that: France and Eng land may be involved in it; although we deem the last improbable, and the first quite doubtful. “But if we would stand well at home—if merchants and merchants clerks would drop dabbling in stock and other speculations, outside of their regular business—if young beginners, and houses with limited capital, would confine themselves in a circle which they could span with their own means, keeping down the ex penses and aping neither the style nor manner of millionaires—in short, if business men gen erally would show a desire to develop some oth er traits of character than the one ambition for sudden wealth —the sabre and the cimetar might clash on the borders of Europe, without creating any excitement on this side of the Atlantic.” Illness of Gov. Broome. —We regret to learn that Gov. Broome has been confined to his home for the last two weeks, by a severe attack of illness. He w’as much better yesterday morn ing, and it is to be hoped that he will soon be able to attend again to the duties of his office. His attack, we belive, was asthma, from which several others in our vicinity have severely suf fered.—Tallahassee Floridian , 29 Lh ult. Nashville University—Medical Depart ment. —The general introductory to the regular course of Lectures, will be delivered by Profes sor Paul Eve, at Odd Fellows’ Hall on Monday evening, 7 o’clock. The number of Students now in attendance, is one hundred and fifteen, and constantly increasing It is confidently ex pected that it will reach two hundred before the close of the session.— Nashville Whig , 29 1 h ult. A Voice from the Home of Gen. Cass The Free Press, published at Detroit, the home of Gen. Cass, is believed to speak that gentle man’s sentiments. It is gratifying tosee that it gives not the slightest encouragement to the professed friends ot Gen. Cass, who in New York are waging war upon the President. The Buffa lo Courier having used the following language: “In no section of the Union has the President truer friends or 'more cordial supporters than among the national Demociacy of New York, and the efforts of the free-soilers and others to place them in a position of antagonism to his his administration w’ill signally fail.” The organ of Gen. Cass thus replies: Well said Mr. Courier; this is a cheering dec laration.—But we notice that several ‘ national Democratic ’ journals in New York.have a sin gular way of showing their friendship and sup port of the President. The best national demo crat is he who always has, does now, and is de termined in future to adhere to the national Democratic party. Gen. Pierce is the present representative of that party, and all good na tional Democrats will sustain the policy of his ad ministration. A ‘ hard shell’ who assaults the ad ministration is no better than a ‘barnburner’ who betrays it. Neither will long be ‘ National Democrats.’ ” Yesterday the election of Mayor and Aider men to serve lor two years took place, and of 2600 citizens who had paid their poll tax only 2089 voted. Last year 3138 votes were polled. Neglect to register their names at the proper time disfranchised a large number this year. The managers will meet this morning at the City Hall, count the votes and declare the result of the election. We subjoin a statement of the number of votes polled this year and last in the several wards: 1853. 1552. Ward No 1 284 436 Ward No 2 275 354 Ward No 3 445 701 Ward No 4 524 798 Ward No 5 161 271 Ward No 6 178 256 Ward No 711 l 138 Ward No 8 121 184 Total 2089 3138 [Ch. Cour, 3 d inst. From Bermuda and St. Thomas— Accident on Board the Stermer Merlin. —The British steam ship Merlin arrived at New York on Saturday, with dates from Bermuda to the 9th ult. A dread ful accident occurred on board to Mr. Sutter, chief engineer, as the Merlin was coming up the harbor, which will no doubt prove fatal. It was occasioned by the bursting of a cannon which he had fired for a piiot. He received severe wounds about his head, scattering part of his brains upon the deck. Business is looking up at St. Thomas The health of the island is very good—never was more so, weather very hot ond close. The Danish vessel Enchantress, from Navy Bay for Jamaica, with about 50 passengers, out about thirty days, had not arrived at Jamaica. Advices, however, had been received from Car thagena that the Enchatress had put into that port in great distress, the captain having died a day previous to her arrival at that place, about thirty of her passengers, and a large portion of of her ciew\ The yellow' fever still prevailed in Bermuda, but in a modified form. At the military hospital at Ports’ Island there are fifty cases of fever, and at the camp at Prospect Hill about twenty. There are about half-a-dozen cases of fever, of a milder type, in the vicinity of Hamilton. The markets were active. Mess Beef was selling at 565; N. Y. market do. 70s; Butter per lb. Is 2d ; Corn Meal per bbl. 225; Hay per 100 lbs. 55s 6d ; Potatoes per bus. 5d ; Rice per 100 lbs. 255. Cincinnati, Oct. 25.—1 n the Martha Wash ington trial to-day, John Whitley, clerk of Kis sane confessed that he perjured himself on his examination before the commissioner, as to Kis sane’s having shipped twelve hundred boxes of candles on the steamer Martha Washington. He swears that he knew of no such shipment, but was induced by K-issane to perjure himself. New Yore. Oct. 31.—A meeting of the mer chants was held at the Exchange to-day, which was organized by the election of G. B. Lamar as chairman. Resolutions were passed denoun cing the removal of Judge Bronson, but no speeches were made. The meeting was fully attended. Portsmouth, Va., Oct. 31.—The Beacon of fice in Norfolk was fired last night and the upper part of the building much burnt. The materials \ were saved. I BY TKLr,<;[{ AH|^> Hutchison is eh.-i.d Kw ; X Charleston, N ov Cotton.— The maiket closes one ~~ P ' m ' :er Sales of the week 7,400 5f the week 6 850 bales. Stock exd ' an shipboard 17,940 bales. ‘ Us,Ve ofth at New Orleans, Nov Cotton.— The sales on Wedn* ■ p ' m -000 bales. The better »*« 5, firm. Decrease in receipts com» a year is 195,000 bales. Freight* f id. Sterling exchange 9j ° * ° I ‘‘ Ver Poo! ConiiKfrrii!!/^'^ Augusta Market, Nov 3 COTTON—We b.vo bed day for out-door transactions not."** which there has been a good enquiry Uty offering is light, and holders are very \V elnesday s quotations. . y hr ® at NEW ORLEANS. Out 29 -r „ since the 25th inst, 13,514 bale’ t'‘'~ Arr ived of the week, 28,652 bales. Cleared re< % inst., 4,815 bales Total exports of ,r CC the bales. Stt ?, k L° P ress es, th w. eei{ ' cleared on tho 29th inst., 92 732 bale pboard tot Our semi-woekly report closed upon a and depressed Cotton market, the fWn, Ver y dull movement in freights having been ml- f u P*»i4 mental in checking the demand (K y . iwt n»- sumed some degree ot activity at th« i had « previous week) and at the same time T of to tling prices as to render quotations litt „ W ÜBs «- nominal. Since then the market ha lL? reth& » present the samo characteristics awl i muedt » the demand at the moment, and uniW tv? eSCribed > position of freights, being wholly inXn, ! pre߀nt sensible impression upon the stock !vh‘v!® toan 7 nos to accumulate in the hands standing that tho receipts are so far i°fv ", otwitl »- of last year to same period. Thus thos * the past three days has barely reache s in^ es3of viz: 1,700 on Wednesday, 1,800 on Thir l bales ' 1,600 yesterday; making a total for H daj ' and 10,100 bales, token for England France *8 W ® el? of Continent, a D d tho North. As resS have to remark that they exhibit ummTl" lanty, as would naturally be expected I f trifling character of the demand tho stuck on sale, and whatever quotation*.? must be looked upon as in a great measure nal, for the reason that no extensive ao , Ur ® nomi ' effected at them, oven though they Le still fV® reduced an * a 1 cent, since 8 ourlLt the Ordinary and Inferior grades, whichStitutl an unusually largo proportion of tho stock stil unable to give any quotations, as they are ? offers forthemf * —bletoTC NEW-ORLEANS CLASSIFICATION {Assimilating to that of Liverpool ) Interior ’ Ordinary to Good Ordinary nominal Low Middling y Middling g j ~ “-■swf ::::::::: w 1 ;,; Go'odFair“!“> Good and Fine ' * Eom J aa j Grain —'the rainy weather, which has prevail! most of tho tune since our last, has operated against tho Corn market, serving to confine transaefons within very narrow limits, and also to occasion a considerable decline in prices During the ra< three days barely 3.000 sacks have fourd nurchas ers (including 2,500 yesterday) at a range of 66 a 75c. for i ferior to prime lots, the ruling rates how ever, being 70 a 73c. per bushel. The sales of the ontiro week are about 6,500 sacks. Whisky. —The receipts of Whisky being W ill rather limited, with a modoiate demand & city trade, and for one or two neighboring marftats prices have been sustained at 30 a 31c. per gallon for Rectified,fthough with very limited sales. Thy last sale of Common made public, was at 35c. per gallon. Arrived during the past three days 1,75(1 bbls. Cleared during the same time, none. Coffee —The dullness and inactivity noticed in several of our previous reviews, still continues to pervade the Rio Coffee market, the usual Western demand being cut off, owing to the low stage of tho rivers, and buyers for speculation showing no dis position to operate at the asking rates. Under these circumstances tho business has been extreme-* ly limited throughout the week, the entire sales not exceeding 1,000 bags, chiefiy at 10} a lflje., though the extreme range of prices is from S a 10! per lb. for inferior to prime. No cargoes have ar rived, though there is one now due. The stock on band is about 49.500 bags, (including 11.000 in second hands) against 34,000 at same time last season. Freights. —To Liverpool, for Cotton, |d.: Havre, lie., New Fork, sc.; and to Boston, Jc. per lb. COLUMBUS, Oct. 29. Cotton. —Prices range from 8J to 9 cents, for strict Good Middlings; ex tremes from 7 to 9 j cents. SAVANNAH, Nov. I. Cotton. —There was a fair demand for this article, which resulted in the sale of 629 bales at a very full range of prices. The market closed very firm, prices being in favor of sellers. The following comprise the sales: 94gt 7f ; 12 at 8; sat 8± : 15 at 8g; Bat 8i; 10 at 89-16; 63 at 8J ; 247 at 9; 29 at 9s; 22 at 9i; 9 at 9i, and 116 at 9j cents. SAVANNAH EXPORTS-NOV. 1- Per barque Seboois, for Boston—Bß,ooo feetc- S. Lumber, and 40,00 feet Flooring Boards. Per barque Maria Morton, for Boston —1,233 bales Upland Cotton, 100 bags Rice Flour. Per brig Sophia, for Portland. Me.—85,773 fed Lumber, and 30 bales Cotton. Per brig S. Merrill, for St. Johns, N.B.—KM® feet Timber. . Per brig Eliza Wait, for Bath, Me.— loß,oo0 feet Lumber, and 8,000 feet Timber. Per brig Excel, for Boston—l,o42 bales Cotton, and 300 bags Rice Flour. MACON. Nov. 2 Cotton— There is a good de mand tor fine qualities, with few sales ot late*-■ grades. Prices are from 7to 9cts. The frost on the 25th ult„ wo believe was thioughout the State, which will prevent ibe turing of any more of tho cotton bolls, and ot eo - considerablv curtail tho previous estimates o , crop. Wobeliove that it is generally that the cotton crop of Georgia will not be a o than that of last year which was a short one. Receipts in October, 1852 Decrease 5197 Stcck, Ist November, 1852 ’53 t ...3,075 Total receipts to Ist Nov. Decrease * * Sllippiin] Ji!lflli||.cnff. cleared for charleston. Barque Jasper, Bennett, at New York. sailed for charleston. bchr Volant, Cousins, Providence, K. l- UP FOR CHARLESTON. j Schr Shamrock, Travers, at Baltimore. CHARLESTON. Nov. 3.—Arrived, I Palmetto, Vardy, Baltimore; barque ’ 3C hr drick, Boston; brig Acorn, Coombs. j D. B. Warner, Harmon, New kora, l ‘ in phil* Road, Providence, R. I.; Kensington, *- . delpbia; R. J. Mercer, Robinson, Novr Cleared, schr Speed, Somers, Ph'ladelpW y Went to sea, steamslnp Southerner. barque Irvine, Whitty, Liverpool; scare Eagle, Fernander, Nassau, N. Pd Utaraet, New York; Helene, Jones,New *o^ SAVANNAH, Nov. I.—Arrived, ida, Merritt S. Woodhull, Commander, jn qp . brig Carribbeo, Dunton, Bath, i g.M ft Mercer, Higbee, Philadelphia; steam ‘ calf, Powell, Augusta: A. Sibley, Jb' Cleared, barques Seboois, Coleman, 7 g®»ll> ria Morton, Bulkley, do.; brigs P . Portland, Me ;S- Merrill, Means, A.J an , Bos- Eliza Wait, Tabot, Bath, Me.; Excel, I««® ton. . ,<• Powell, Departed, steamer T. S. MARKIED. m Binney- On Thursday, 3d inst., by tko t ‘ e \ii s sßx,* A!loS Mr. Wm. A. Bain,of Baltimore, to M. Cogdell, of this city. Baltimore Sunjdeasojjopy^^^^^^ WED, ti,* 70th At his residence on tho Sand 1 0 f Jion, year of his ago Elisha ’ a c iti* 0D Carolina, for the last fifteen y Richmond county. ! ■' , T iQISW 7 A DIRS’ RIDING 11A sTyl o3 ' r h^r novl