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Cuitatuuiiaiwiisi jtUpaMtr. BY jamss GARDNER. OFr’ICE ON jCoINXOSU-STRKiiT, third djo* fro* nrs south-wrst corker of BROAD -STREET . TERMS:. in adraace annum $6 00 If not in ailranc* per annum ..... 7 GO Tri-Weekly, in advance .per annum 4 00 It not in advance por annum 5 00 Weekly, in advance per annum 200 3nr=-r-,.' .'Trrr ] Florida Correspondence of the Char. Caurier.\ Wel aka. (Fla) Dec. 15, 1853. The frequent inquiries made relative to Flori da, especially by So.uth Carolimaus, induces rne to address you a letter containing some general information upon the su ject, and it you think it will prove interesting or valuable to any who are directing their attention to our Slate, you are authorized to copy it in your paper. It is an enignato many who observe the ge ographical position of Florida, that with an area of 38,000,000 of acres, she had in 1850 but 349,- 000 acres ot improved land, and a population of only 88,000; about 47,000 of that number whites. A review of her history will explain it. For the last century Florida has not enjoyed repose under any government of twenty years dura tion. In 1763, the Spaniards gave up the Flo ridas to England. In 1783- ; 4, the English re turned them to Spain, by which government they were held until in 1812, a treaty having been made for their cession to the United States in 1819. While these political changes were taking place, internal difficulties occasionally occurred with Indians, and invasions were made upon the provinces several times. In 1812 and 1813, East Florida was invaded by a body of quondam patriots, who were protected by the United States flag, under thr presence that it was a re publican movement on the part of the inhabi tants; but it was an arranged plan to obtain possession of the peninsula—our government apprehending its occupation by the English du ring the war then pending. This invasion was most disastrous to East Florida. Every plantation in*lhe district was devastated, either by the U. S. Troops and pat riots, w : ho were together, or by a lawless ban ditti, who remained in the province alter the troops iett. The province did not recover from this, before the cession to the United States, and upon the ch. nge of flags in 1821, almost every Castillian departed lor Cuba. The chief reason why a wealthy and enter prising population did not at once ioilj*’ our flag into Florida, was that titles to land were un certain. Grants and donations having been made by England and Spain to their respective subjects, upon many of which conditions had been imposed, and no evidence could be really obtained to show whether or not they had been complied with. In 1828, our Government ap pointed a Board of Commissioners, to attend to the investigation of Claims for Grants and do nations, and those were confirmed which were perfected. After this Board ceased to act, other claims of the same character were acted on by the U. S. Court. The most important Grants were the Arredondo Grant of 20 miles square, and that to the Duke of Allagon, of about 17,- 000,000 acres. The former was confirmed, and the latter rejected.— Titles to land in Florida can now' be easily ascertained. The war with the Sermnoles from 1835 to to 1842. was a serious drawback upon the pros perity of the Territory, geneialiy, but more es pecially upon the Eastern Dfstrict, it being the *eat of war. Many Sugar and Cotton Planta tions were destroyed upon the Atlantic as well as in the interior, which were in beautiful op eration. When the war ceased in 1842, a verbal understanding was had with the Indians, that they might remain undisturbed it tbey remain ed peaceful in ceitain boundaries assigned them. Their conduct has been such as to give confi dence of their intention to be quiet, and the pub lic tnied generally is at rest respecting any hos tile action by them. It is true that some are found who apprehend the State is unsafe while any remnant ever remains in it; but I am im pressed tally with the belief that it is from mis taken views of po ; icy, or from eelfi-h motives, that »uj will advise hostilities against them at a tune when tae population and prosperity of the State is so rapidly increasing and advancing. Indeed, was it not referred to, it would not be known that tnere are any Ind ans in the State, as they never mingle with the Whites; and with the exception ot a lew "outsiders.” who straggle about to hunf, they remain continually within theii boundary line. Another objection to capitalists investing money in Florida, previous to her becoming a State, was that bonds had been issued by the Governor, (under authority of law,) to the amount of several millions of dollars, fur certain banks in the territory. The banks (ailed, and it was supposed that the inhabitants would be taxed to redeem this pledge of their territory.— The question, however, was definitely settled by a provision in the Constitution of the Slate, when she was admitted into the confederacy in 1845, which states distinctly that the people ot the State shall not be taxed to pay them. Thus have all serious difficulties been adjusted and confidence in the resources of Florida is shown by the tide of emigration which is now flowing tvithin her limits. The principal planting counties in East Flori da are Columbia, Alacbue. Marion, Sumtek Her nando and Levy’, l'he three first named are the most populous and thriving, Marion county, within the three past years, has added several thousand to her {stipulation from South Carolina alone, arid the result of the planting interest generally has fully met the ex pectations of those engaged in it. The settlers in the vicinity of Oala and Mi canopy being chiefly from the ‘’South State ” that district is given the sobriquet ot “New Car olina,” and the number of wealthy and respec taMe planters there form a nucleus highly des ; - rable for “annexation.” In this vicinity, the lands are fertile and in large bodies; but equall" good lands may be found further south and west, at much lower pri ces than sales are made at there. I think: a moderate estimate of the wild land in East Florida fit for a general cultivation is 3,500,000 acres— -one half of this first quality.— At present, the improved land in the State does jsot exceed 600,000 acres. The products of the State are sugar, long and short staple cotton, tobacco, turpentine, and yel low pine, live oak, red cedar, and cypress tim ber. The shipment of yellow pine lumber from the St. John’s river the ensuing year will reach 50,- 000 000 feet, the value of which will be at the mills about $600,000. The ensuing crop of East Florida, which will pass out at the St. John’s will amount to about 750,000 dollars. More than half of this will come from Marion, Sumter, and the lower part of Alachua counties. Tbe succeeding crop will be much increased, as lands are being opened to a large extent, and .every steamer from Charleston is filled with emigrants and bands for the planting districts. Within an area of twenty miles square around Micanopy there are prairie and swamp lands which could be reclaimed at an expense of from SBO 000 to SIOO,OOO, sufficient to raise 100.000 hogsheads of sugar, and notwithstanding the cul tivation of long cotton is so favorable, I believe that the principal crop of East Florida, before many years, will be sugar. Os the towns in East Florida, Jacksonville is the most thriving. Population about 2,500. The business of the place, is chiefly from the in fluence of fifteen steam saw mills, in its vicinity tbeir shipments amounting to about 40.000,000 feet. St. Augustine, about 2000 population, does but a small business. It is the most healthful city in the United States, both summer and win ter. Middleburg, on Black Creek, is a small vil lage. but ships a large quantity of Cotton from Alachua and Columbia Counties. Palatka is the countv site of Putnam county, is the terminus of the Steamers from Charle-son and Savannah, and the depot for the produce and merchandise re ceived and forwarded for the interior counties, and upper St Johns. It is prospering The population was about 150 a year siuce, it is now about 500. Welaka, about 25 miles above Pa latka, is a place just springing up, which bids fair to beeome a depot for the produce from the Ocla waha River, as it is situated immediately oppo site tbe mouth of that stream, upon a high and {tloasant bluff. Big Lake George and Auzie Is and, lie* 12 miles above Welaka, and about 80 ; miles furtuer is Lake Munroe, upon which are situated Enterprise and Millervtlle. Ocala, tbe ! county sit# of Mariop county f is the interior, 55 | miles from Palatka, and 30 miles from the cele- I brastd Orange Springs. This is a business place I otabout 800 population. There is a seminary 1 under good direction, with about 100 male and Jemale prr>i!s. Micanopy is a village of 150 population, surrounded by a very respectable planting community, and most fertile lands. Upon the Oclawaha, Silver Spring is the head point of navigation, and ships the produce from the country around Ocala. Fort Brooke, on the Oclaw’aha. is of some importance, as it will be the shipping point of most of the produce raised in the vicinity of Orange Lake, Micanopy, and the Alachua prairie. Newnansville. the late county site of Alachua county, is fuither interior, about 70 miles from Palatka, and 45 trom Middieburg. It is a town of some standing and trade, and ships her pro duce and receives merchandize at Middieburg. Gainesville is the new county site of Alachua county, situatsd about 15 miles north-westerly trom Micanopy, and is in the midst ot the rich est section of planting lands. Lands in East Florida, but more particularly in Marion county, have advanced from 100 to 500 per cent. Some tracts of land held at $3 per acre, three years since, have been sold at irom sls to S2O per acre. There is much good land to be had now, at from $3 to $5 per acre, but it must be hunted out. Land seekers should not trust to steam boats and stages when they want laud, but bring with them their saddle horses and camping blankets. Business capital is small in East Florida, com pared with the amount of trade; but as the country is prosperous, it suffices for ordinary pur poses, there beiug no extensive operations in produce. There is not any bank in Florida, nor will there probably be any, as the banks of South Carolina and Georgia are in good standing, and can supply all the money fecilities required for legitimate business transactions, and an agri cultural country is better without banks. The population of Florida has increased from 1840 to 1850, fifty-six percent. It will increase more than one hundred per cent, in the present term of ten years. To refer to the climate of Florida would be superfluous, as it is so well known to be salubri ous and healthy. The census of 1850 reports her as the most healthy State on the Atlantic and the fourth in the confederacy, including the new Western States, which are not on an equal ity, as their population is chiefly of a firmer character. In my endeavor to be brief in this communi cation, and yet wishing to be general, I feel I have not done justice to Florida, nor, indeed to myself; but it is so lengthy I must conclude it, and shall do so with a few comments. There is no State in the Confederacy which presents greater permanent indacements to the emigrant or capitalist than does Florida, at this time. Eve.y one who is industrious, prudent and attentive to their business, is prospering, no matter in what channel his energies are direct ed. Florida is yet but a wilderness—every day developes some new source of interest or profit. With a soil and climate adapted to the produc tions of most northern, as well as most tropical plants and fruits, the advantage over Cuba is a great one, because social relations are better; and the facility of communication with every place is easier. The connection with the north, afforded by the elegant and safe steamers from Charleston and Savannah, is of great consideration, and the comforts they supply alone induce persons to vi sit Florida, and to see the noble St. John’s, ‘‘The River of Lakes,” flowing in its majestic tide from a source over 300 miles from its outlet, will well repav the voyager for the time expended To Charleston, East Florida is justly becom ing a district of much commercial importance. The character of her produce is adapted to the Charleston market, and the sympathy between the two places is strong, from the circumstance of so many ot Florida’s best citizens being emi grants from South Carolina. The internal improvements of Florida have not yet commenced, but she will not long slum ber. The proposed railroad from Ctdar Keys, on the Gult ot Mexico, to the Atlantic Ocean, will soon be carried on, and must prove of the highest advantage, not only to the peninsula of Florida, but to the commercial interests of the country at large. Other plans are maturing for the development ot the planting interests as well as commercial. With much respect, &c., J. W. Bryant. Arrival of the Pacific. The U. S. mail steamer Pacific, with dates from Liverpool to the 14th, arrived at her wharf at New York on Monday afternoon at 1 o’clock. She brings 100 passengers. The Pacific passed the Atlantic at noon on Sunday, in lar. 40 42. The Arabia arrived at Liverpool on Sunday morning, tbe 11th inst. RtrssiA AND Turkey. —The greatest naval batt e since Navaririo, has been fought with terriinc ios> of life. The total destruction is 21 ship- oi war. with several transports. On the 30th November, tbe entire Rusian fleet from ebastopol, under Admiral viaehikoff, consisting of 24 sail, appeared off the Turkish harbor ot Sinope, where Vice Admiral Osman Psha lay with fourteen Turkish vessels. The battle immediately commenced, and tbe shore batteries being ot no use, the Russians succeed ed in forcing the harbor. The Turks fought like devils, and would not surrender. With most desperate bravery they fought until one ship after another wes sunk, blown up, burned, or destroyed. Seven Turk ish frigates, two corvettes, one steamer, and three transports, with several thousand men, were totally lost, the men all perishing. Osman Psha, the Turkish Vice Admiral, was taken prisoner. Ea<‘h of the Turkish ships, besides tbeir crew had 800 troops on their way to Circassia. They also had money to pay the fleet, all of which was lost. The Turks, notwithstanding the destruction of all their vessels, sunk seven Russian ships, two of their line of battle ships, three frigates, and two steamers. Tbe ba:tle lasted only one hour. The remainder of the Russian fleet was so shattered that it could scarcely reach Sebas topol. All Europe was in a furore of excitement, and the opinion is general that a European war can no longer be averted. 1 he Russians continued to gain the advantage, out their loss in the great naval engagement, under the circumstances, is fully equal to that of the Turks. On the line of the Danube there was no move ments. (Amin Bey was on board the flag ship which rapidly sunk. He was, with his crew, taken on board tbe Russian ship. This important news is fully confirmed by la ter despatches. Further Particulars or the Battle.— As wiil be seen above, the Russian force considera bly outnumbered the Turkish. In addition to six ships of the line of Machikofl r ’s fleet, he had twelve frigates, a brig and five steamers, in all 24 sail. While Osman had but fourteen. The shore batteries were totally inefficient tor pro tection. The remaining Russian ships were so badly disabled that they could take no prizes. The Turkish Admiral’s lijgate was towed out by the Russians, but burnt at sea. Osman Pasha and his suite were on board tbe Russian Admi ral’s ship. One Turkish vessel managed to es cape undamaged, being the only survivor of the 14. The battle, says the dispatch, begun an hour’s distance from Sinope.. The Russian flag ship was so much injured that it could with dif ficulty reach Sebastopol. Prince Menschikoff immediately left Odessa for St. Petersburg to communicate the-victory to the Emperor. Os man Pasha was charged with the conveyance of troops and stores to Batun. There is, therefore, every probability that on leaving the harbor of Sinope he fell in with the Russian squadron, and either accepted battle on unequal terms, or at tempted to regain the protection of the land bat teries, but was cut % pieces before reaching them. The latter is the more likely, as one ship is leported to have escaped undamaged, havin ', no doubt, succeeded in gaining shelter under the shore guns. Tub Allied Fleets. —While this calamity is befalling the Turkish ships, the English and French fleets are lying idle in the Bosphorus.— And, more extraordinary still, the main division of the Turkish fleet is lying there idle too! Ad miral Slade, the Englishman who commands it, has returned trom a pleasant cruise in the Black Sea, having been unable to find an enemy, al though merchantmen report having seen several ships of war prowiing about. Perhaps the following remarks from the Liv erpool Daily Times, which in this instance speaks the sentiments or the best thinking of the nation, may, it is said, not be unworthy of attention. 4 ‘ What, may be asked, has become of Admi ral Slade, the Englishman said to be in command of the Turkish fleet in the Black Sea ? He left j Constantinople with the whole Turkish force j under his command, and on November 26 he is said to have ‘ returned to the Bosphorus with the squadron under his command.’ Alter Admiral Slade had detached himself from so large a por tion ot his force as that said to have been des troyed at Sinope, he must be called upon by the Parliament of Britain to account tor such an act. “ In taking the command of the Turkish fleet, he did not shake off his British allegiance, and if he cannot give a satisfactory account of an act which may entail years of bloodshed, he should be dealt with accordingly. The day, we trust, is far spent when the rights of nations can be bartered away fora mess of pottage. “If the destruction of the Ottoman fleet has taken place, a general European war must be the inevitable result, and the actors in the pre lude to so untoward and lamentable an occur rence are responsible not to England only, but to Europe. Again, we say, the North ought to speak out before it is too late.” More Turkish Victories in Asia. —ln Asia, Selim Pasha has stormed the fort ol Ussurghet, and was on his march upon Kutasi, the last fort between bim and the independent Caucasians. It seems he feigned an attack upon Poti o« the Black Sea, and while the attention of the Rus sian commander was riveted on that fortress, which i 3 regarded as the key of the Caucasus from the Black Sea, Selim rapidly marched upon Ussurghet and took the surprised fort by bold as sault. Abdi Pasha is reportsd to be advancing from Akhalzik in the direction of Tiflis. Ma homet Rushdi Pasha, the Commander of the Im perial Guard at Constantinople, has left the Cap ital, on his way to the Persian frontier, where the Persians are assembling an army of observa tion, reported to amount to 50,000 men, on the frontier of Turkey and Georgia not far from Ba vazid. The Sultan is continually bothered by plans of arrangements, proposed sometimes by the English, then again by the Austrian Ambassa dor, and now by INI the Ambassadors together. The last proposition rejected by the Sultan ema nated from Austria. The statement of the Aus trian note, about the Czai’s having given orders that his troops should remain on the defensive, seemed to be confirmed by the return of the Tur kish packet Medan Fidiarefc to Constantinople, which had been taken by the Russians and re leased, as not a prize of good alloy. But sudden ly the “ pacific views” of the Czar have been manifested in another way, as shown in the at tack on the Turkish vessels. The Principalities. —The Russians have or ganized the Administration of the Principalities in their own way, after both the rlospodars had given in their resignation. Os course no elec tion will take place, though by the treaties the free election of the Princes of Moldavia and Wallacia was guaranteed by Russia to the Prin cipalities. The Armenian Bishop of Erivan has been imprisoned by the Russians because he did not stop the progress of the emigration of the Armenians from Transcaucasia into Turkey and Persia. Enoland. —The receipts of gold from Austria were to the amount of $3,660,000 in a single steamer. Other incomes made the amount of the precious metals received in London about $4,500,000, and a further sum of $1,200,000 was near at hand from Australia. The export to the Continent had nearly ceased. The Times, which but lately was most san guine in the hope of a settlement, once more sounds the war trumpet. The whole press of England denounces the present ministry’s course and demands that their fleet be put in active operation for the Turks It is said that the news of the Russian victory made a most painful im pression at Court. Franck.—Private letters received at Paris state that the news of the disaster to the Turkish fleet with the proroundest astonish ment antflgrief. The Emperor is stated to have been overwhelmed by the intelligence. Expla nation is imperatively demanded why a consid erable pait ot the T urkish naval force was per mitted to be annihilated within so short a dis tance of where the powerful English and French fleets were lying in inglorious ease; also, why the Englishman, Slade, reported that lour days before the disaster lie “ could not find an en emy.” Another plot against the Emperor’s life had been discovered in Paris, on the 10th inst. More than one hundred are already in custody, among whom are twenty-two journeymen tailors and shopmen. The Emperor was expected to be present shortiy at the inauguration of the wo*-ks iately completed in the the Seine, oppo posite the Belle Jardiniere, n.id it was intended to fire at him from the windows. Spain.— The Ministry has been defeated, end the Cortez broken up. China.—Fighting is still going on with the rebela. without any definite result. Latest Intelligence by Electric Telegraph from Lon don to Liverpool. Wednesday, Dec. 14—8 o’clock, A. M —We have received news from Constantinople, by Vienna, down to the 3d inst. The news of thf disaster of Sinope is officially confirmed, and had just reached the Porte. Upon the receidt ol this information, the Brit ish and French Ambassadors had immediately dispatched two steam trigates from the com bined squadrons to Sinope, and two other steam trigates to Varna, for the purpose ot procuring precise intelligence. Upon the return ot these vessels, it was thought probable that the com bine'! fleets would receive orders to enter the Black Sea, to prevent, if possible, any further col lision between the Russian and Turkish naval forces. It is stated by the Russian accounts that the squadron subsequently destroyed at Sinope was engaged in conveying force to attack Soucharn Kaisha, and that it was pursued into the port of Sinope by tbe Russian fleet. If this account of the circumstances preceding the engagement be correct, it would give a somewhatdifferent char acter to the attack, as the Russian forces might be justified in interrupting a convoy destined to invade a portion of their own territory. The destination ol the squadron is, however, still un certain; and it is more probable that the trans ports were conveying re-inlorcerpents and pro visions to Batoum, where the Turkish army stands in need of both. It isrepoited that the British Charge d’Af faiirs atTeheren has suspended his diplomatic relations with the Persian Goveanment, in con sequence of that Power having resolved, as it is said, to take part against the Porte, and to march an.army to the frontier. I nis movement on the part of the Shah of Persia had for some time been apprehended, as his relations with Turkey were such as to induce him to take advantage of the increasing difficulties of the Ottoman Em pire. The news, however, still requires positive confirmation. » The Morning Post states that a Constantino ; pie telegraphic dispatch of the 3 J reports the I prevalence of great alarm and excitement, owing !to the news from Sinope. The account given of the action is substantially the same as the Rus sians. The fleets were bound to enter the ! Black Sea. Persia had declared war against ; Turkey. The Post’s leading article says that there can hardly exist a doubt that the Admirals had by this time entered, and are now in fuli command of the Biack Sea. Witi respect to the Persian declaration of war j against Turkey, this is the natural consequence ! ota treaty offensive and defensive between Per sia and Russia concluded some months ago. It I adds a new complication. Bucharest.— Prince Gortschakoff has de clared Galatz and Ibraila neutral ports. Riots i have taken place at Galatz, between the Walla ! chian militia arid the Russian troops. A battal liori of the former refused to obey the order of a j Russian General. The battalion in question and four companies of the Wallachiaus were con signed to barracks. There is nothing late from the Danube. Telegraphic dispatches in the Chronicle give the details of the Turkish success in Asia. Schamyland Selim Pacha had taken various fortresses; and it is stated that they surround Prince Woronzoff on all sides, in the vicinity of Tellis. The Turks were repulsed in an attack on Alexarulrianople, in Georgia, but have blockaded the citadel of Akista. Its fall was daily ex pected. The Journal de Constantinople mentions a re port that Schamyl had defeated 13,000 Rus sians, and a Vieunajpaper states that the attempt to land 18.000 Russians near St. Nicholas was repulsed with heavy loss. A Fortunate Editor.— A gentleman of the Savannah press came down here, the other day, captured one of Leon county’s lairest daughters and, we are told, will actually carry her off with him. As the affair lias now become a matter of notoriety, we may as well give names. The editor we allude to is no less a person than R. II HI ■!! Mill ■■ 11 1 ■■ 111 ■ i B. Hilton, Esq., once our foreman of the Fiori dian, but now the accomplished conductor of the Savannah Georgian. The fair captive whom this unfeeling man has actually tied [with the silken cords of matrimony.] is Miss Rebecca B. Bradford, daughter of Dr. Edward Bradford, of this county. Well, we forgive Mr. Hilton his sins against us, which are many, ancl wish him and his beautiful bride all the happiness two congenial souls may enjoy during a long life of mutual love and devotion. It that is not a good and large wish, he shall never have another from us. - Florida Sentinel. AUGUSTA, GA. __ SATURDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 31. See first page Daily, this morning. Oy Pioprietors of Warehouses in this city and Hamburg will oblige us by having the stock ol Cotton, remaining on hand in their respective Warehouses, carefully counted for us this morn ing. ______ Counterfeit Bills of the Bank of Hamburg, So. Ca. Mr. J. J. Blackwood, the Cushier, has shown us a counterfeit SSO bill on the above Bank, and placed by the side of it a genuine bill of the same denomination, so that we could perceive the marked difference between them. The genuine bill has for its vignette a locomotive and train o! cars, on the right hand margin a female figure holding a cornucopia, on the left one holding a scythe and bundle of grain, representing the Goddess Ceres: on each side of the vignette, and on the lower corners of the bill the figures 50, large size. This is the only plate for SSO bills ever used by the Bank. The counterfeit bill is rather longer and wider than the genuine—has as the vignette aleroale figure, seated, a sheaf of grain at her side and implements of husbandry at her feet—a locomotive seen in the distance, crossing a stone bridge. On each side of the vignette are the figures 50, the letter L at the left hand corners, between them the word fifty in small capitals, and across the entire right hand margin of the bili the word FIFTY in large letters. It bears date Jan. 11, 1852, payable to W. S. Cothran. The signature of the President, H. Hutchin son, is well imitated—that of J. J. Blackwood, Cashier, is imperfect, the hair strokes being thicker than on the genuine bill. This is in part from the inferiority ot the paper of the coun terfeit. We are thus particular in the description, as we yesterday copied a paragraph from a Savan nah paper, stating that these were in circu lation in South-w'estern Georgia, and that they were well executed. The Campbell Minstrels. This is the last night of the performance of this company in this city, and in addition to an excellent programme,in which Newcmob, Camp bell. Clark, Burdett, Prendergrast, Demere&t and Master Peel will all make their appearance in their various characters, the manager offers great inducements, in the shape of two hundred and fifty dollars’ worth of prizes, con-istiug of Gold Watches, Silver-wrre, .T-vv dry,&.r., which will be distributed to the iuckv irawers. The prices can be seen at Mtsrs. Ciai k's Jewelry Store, during the day, atdths foilunate drawers will get such prizes as they can make New Years’ presents of to their wives, sweethearts and triends. The weather last evening was very inclem ent, and the house was much thinner than it would have been had it been otherwise. The performances, however, weie not slighted, and gave general satisfaction. The duett, '‘Gently Sighs the Breer.-s.” with imitations of the bugle by Campbell, an*! the French horn, by Zorer, was warmly received, and will be repeated this evening by particular request. It js one of the best imitations we have ever heard. Jenny Lind’s favorite Bird Song, will also be imitated by Zorer, who has (if any of the male sex have) the power to do it to perfec tion. Go early if you wish choice seats. Change of Schedule"' It will be seen by a notice ot the agent of the South Carolina Railroad, that on an-’ after Mon day next, the cars will leave the depot in this city at half-past six o'clock, A. M. The time of arrival is not stated. Miss Parker’s Lecture. In consequence of the inclemency of the wea ther last evening, we are requested to state, that Miss Parker’s Lecture is postponed until Tues day evening. The Mails and the Wilmington and Man- Chester Railroad —We find the following paragraph in the Columbia South Carolinian, of yesterday: , Aeio Mail Schedule. —The Northern mail*will be transferred to the Wilmington and Manches ter Railroad, on Sunday, Ist January, h 854. i his arrangement will give Columbia the fol lowing schedule: ma^3 eave Columbia, daily, at seven, A. M. 1 he Southern and Western mails will arrive at half past three, P. M., and the Northern mail at hall past eleven o’clock, A. M. Cur Northern mails will thus reach us a day earlier than by the previous schedule. Courier, we can only state, that we have been authorized and requested to announce that the Post Office Department will not withdraw the mails from the Wilmington line of steamers until the Manchester Road is completed, which will not be, we are informed, until the Ist of April next. The following statement ol the progress of the road, we extract from the last issue of the Marion Star: Wilmington and Manchester Railroad. We learn that the part of this Road West of the Great Pee Dee, was completed last week, so that the cars now run up to the river. The Eastern end of the Road is also finished to within three miles of the Great Pee Dee. We are pleased to announce that the cylinders at the Great Pee Dee Bridge are all sunk, and rest on a firm clay inundation, from sixteen to eighteen feet below the bed of the river, so that hereafter the con struction of the bridge may proceed without im pediment or delay. According to the annual statistics of the cattle trade of New York, there were offered for sale j during the present year 157,420 beeves, 10,720 cows and calves, and 412,989 sheep and lambs. This shows an increase over the offerings of the previous twelve months of 52,195 cattle, 5,039 cows and calves, and 76,889 sheep, and yet, not. withstanding this extraordinary increase in the supply, the wholesale prices of beef haveadvanc | ed from $7.25 per cwt., in the beginning of the year, to $8 87 at the close. Indeed, in June, the rate was $9.68 per cwt. These facts, re marks the Herald, concerning the high prices of meats, not to speak of the proportionate charges for the various other necessaries of life, are well calculated to startle every head of a family, and may, perhaps, lead to the adoption of such mea sures as will tend to supply our citizens with food at more moderate rates. Slkf.t —On the night of the 24th inst.. we were visited by a heavy sleet which remained on the ground the greater part of Christmas day. The weafherfor several days succeeding was ve- ~ and the frosts were white every morning. ; —Columbus Tmct, 2 8th inst. \ Girard Railroad. j Ihe Mobile Advertiser of the 24th inst., has , the following The editor of the Troy (Pike i county) Palladium has had an interview with j Major Harris, the Secretary and Treasurer of j this road, who informed him that “ previous to his leaving Columbus, he received three hund red kegsofspikes and chains, and bills of lading for iron sufficient to put twenty-three miles in running order. The arrival of the iron was daily expected. Subscriptions tc the road were about three millions of dollars, and that there is a bid in proposing to build the entire road in three years.” Ine Palladium also contains the proceedings ol a targe and enthusiastic railroad meeting re cently held in Proy, at which a memorial was adopted asking the Legislature to pass a law authorizing the Commissioner’s Court ot the county of Pike to subscribe not more than one hundred thousand dollars to the capital stock of the Giraid Railroad Company, and to issue bonds for the same, and coupons for the interest there on, not exceeding eight per cent., said bonds and coupons to be paid by a special tax leyied by said Court lor that purpose, or otherwise, as they ia their wisdom may devise, due at such times and places as may be agreed upon by said Court and the Directors of said Company.” This is moving in the right direction, and if it is followed up—as seems to be the prospect in other counties, the benefit will be manifest and important. We hope the good work may go on.” American Tract Society. —At the last meet ing of the Board of Directors of the American Tract Society, held last week in New York, a letter was read, says the N. Y. Express, “ fifem the Rev. Mr. Roberts of China, on his way to Nanking, at the request of his friend and pupil, the leader of the important Chinese revolution, acknowledging a previous grant by the Tract Society, which he says will be the first of the benevolent train in the occupancy of this new field of usefulness; a higher honor and wider sphere it would be hard to find on earth.” Profits of American Authors —lt i 3 said that Washington Irving and “Peter Parley” have made large fortunes by authorship, as has Mr. Mitchell by his school books. Prof. Anthon, for his series of classics, has received $60,000. Miss Warner’s books have yielded a profit of from $12,000 to $15,000. Mr. Headley has realized from his works $40,000; lice Marvel, $20,000; Miss Leslie, $12,000; Dr. Barnes, $30,000; Fan ny Fern from one small book, in six months, $6,000; Judge Kent, $120,000; Webster, for his dictionary; SIBO 000, and others at equal rates.— So that it cannot be said that American author ship is not profitable. The Grocer’s Bank of Neiv York has declared a dividend of three and a half per cent, payable on the 4th of January. The Continental Bank of New York, four per cent, payable January 5. The Boston and Providence Railroad, three and a half per cent., payable January 2. The Providence and Worcester Railroad a di vidend of three per cent. The Western Bank of Baltimore, a semi an nual dividend of 5 per cent., payable January 9. Snow. — The Savannah Republican of the 19th inst., says : “ There was a slight fall of snow yes terday afternoon, which lasted about three min utes, and stopped as abruptly as it began.— Though very light and brief, it was yet sufficient to leave no room for doubt that it was veritable snow. Mineral Ores in DeKalb County. —We learn from the Wills V'alley Post, jthat valuable mineral ore 3, thought to be principally copper, but containing a portion of silver, have been discovered in that county. Both citizens and strangers are very sanguine on the subject, and are anxious to become owners of the land at high prices. Want of Women in Australia. —The Mel bourne Argus says: ‘‘ln this, the richosfc colony in the world, the males outnumber the females to the enormous extent of about 57,000 ! Think of that, fair ladies—a husband to be chosen from a desolate surplus of fifty-seven thousand P Suicide of a Georgian at Marshall, Tex as.—We learn from the Marshall Republican that a gentleman named Wm. R. Moss, from Hancock county, Ga., committed suicide in the house of Dr. Joseph Taylor,in that place,on the night of the 20th ult., by cutting his throat with a razor. He appears to have been, for some time previously, in a state of great nervous ex citement. His effects were examined and found to amount in the aggregate to about $16,- 000. The Republican says : “An inquest was held over his body, and the verdict was rendered, “came to his death by his • own hand. 5 ’ We understand that Mr. Moss his ' a mother and sister on the road to Texas with 120 negroes, of which 40 belonged to him. “Dr. Taylor has delivered up the means of Mr. Moss, to two responsible gentlemen in this place for sate keeping, lor which he holds their re ceipt. ;J [ Telegraphed far the Chdrleston Standard ] Balmimore, Dec. 29.— From the Seat of War. —Private letters received in New York from Russia says that the Emperor spurns the dicta tions of England and France. The wealthiest me; chants of Moscow offer to lend the Government a million of rubies. ■ The Emperor has declared that if Jhe war is not brought to a close belore the spring, he will inarch an army ol half a million, under Pasca witch no invade and capture Constantinople. I he Russians are making extensive prepara tions on the borders of the Principalities for hos tilities for the engagements of the ensuing spring. The Emperor says the American will be the only neutral flag. From Texas — The Legislature of Texas has passed a Bill providing for the construction of the Pacific Railroad through Texas. Snow Storm in Boston. —A terrible snow storm has visited Boston to-day. It is reported as being two feet deep. Ihe tide has overtiowed the wharves and in undated cellars and stores. The cars were pre vented from running on the roads. Much dam age has been sustained. New York has also been visited with a snow storm. It fell lightly at Baltimore. Dr. Ed wad Brown, an extensive manufactur er of counterfeit gold coin, at Brooklyn, New York, has been arrested. Explosion. Ihe propeller Watkins, burst her boiler on Seneca Lake and killed two firemen. Mitchel. —The Irish Exile, Mitchel, lectured at Boston before an immense audiense. His speech was temperate. Revenue Cutter Dobbin.— lt is apprehended that the Revenue Cutter Dobbin has been lost. New Orleans, Dec 29, P. M.—The New Orleans Cotton Maraet presents no change from the transactions of yesterday, although the stea - mer’s news appears to have somewhat unsettled dealers. Baltimore, Dec. 29.--The New York Cotton market to-day presented uo change from yester day. The sales amounted to 1,500 bales, of which exporters took 450 bales, and the regular trade 300. Death of Capi. J. B. S^lT^.—The District of Edgefield has lost another of her most high toned citizens in the demise of Capt. J. B. Smith,of Mt. Willing. This melancholy event occurred on Thursday night last. Capt. Smith has deservedly ranked among the most popular men in the District, and was hon ored at one time by his fellow-citizens with the largest vote fur the Legislature which had ever been polled in EdgefielJ up to that date. While serving the public, his faithfulness was ! above question. And in private life, his integri- J ty, kindnen* anil hospitality were all beautifully < conspicuous. Few better men have ever lived. | Edgefield Advertiser,2Bth inst. [ Telegraphed for the Baltimore Sim.] Great Fire in. New York. New York. Pee. 27.—At an early hour this morning, burins the prevalence ot a strong north west wind, a tire bioke out in Treadwell’s ex tensive cracker bakery establishment, cn Front street, near Peck Slip, and in a short time ex tended, to South street, laying waste a vast amount of valuab'e property. Seven wholesale establishments were completely destroyed, viz : Treadwell & Son’s bakery on Front street, D. W. Mann, Waring & Co., Jones & Rowland, C. Harris & Co., N. W. Reynolds & Co., Pusen bury’s bell foundry, and Davidson & Young’s ex tensive cracker bakery. Several other buildings were greatly damaged. Mr. Newman, formerly of Baltimore, is among the sufferers. A portion of the Fourth Ward House was also consumed. Jones,Rowland & Co. suffered a loss of $40,000’ but are insured. __ The flames on approaching South street,"com municated, by the aid of the strong wind, to several of the most valuable ships in port.— Among them Donald McKay’s mammoth ship, the Great Republic. Her rigging first took— the flames then extended over the noble ship with alarming rapidity, and in a short time, de spite every exertion, she was burned to the wa ter’s edge, and scuttled, but the water was too shallow to allow of her being sunk. Her cargo, consisting of a vast amount of flour, wheat, corn, beef, &c., will be saved in a damaged state. The Great Republic was au entirely new vessel, and the largest sailing mercantile craft it is said in the worid. It was stated only a few days since that a Baltimore bouse had offered to purchase her from her owner, Mr. McKay, for $20,000 more than her original cost. She re cently came from Boston (where she was built at a cost of $300,000) to New York, to load for Liverpool and Australia. The insurance on the ship and freight money is as follows : in Bos ton $20,000 ; New York $225,000 ; and in Phil adelphia $30,000, which, it is supposed, will co ver the loss of her owners. While the Great Republic was on fire, the flames communicated to the ships Joseph Wal ker, White Squall, Red Rover and D Witt Clin ton, presenting a scene at once awful and grand, which was witnessed by thousands of spectators, while the firemen nobly battled with the devour ing element. The Joseph Walker was soon entirely des troyed, and at low tide her keel touched bottom. She was of 1,326 tons burthen, and valued at $90,000, for which amount she was insured in the Mercantile, Mutual, Atlantic, Sun, and New York Insurance Companies. Her cargo consist ed of 20,000 bushels ot grain, 500 bbh. rosin and 430 cases ot cotton goods. The grain was in sured in an English company’s office. The ship White Squall was towed down stream in flames. She was of 1,100 tons burthen, val ued at §9,000, and owned by Messrs. Platt & Sons, ot Philadelphia, and Messrs. Borth & Ed gar, of New York. She is said to be fully in sured. She had on board SIO,OOO worth of cop per ore. The vesiel was nearly entirely destroyed. The packet ship Da Witt Clinton and the clipper Red Rover were nearly consumed. The packet ship Consteiiation escaped with slight in jury, and several others sustained damage to some extent. The great loss among the shipping was owing to the low tide, which prevented their being towed out promptly beyond reach of the flames. It was late in the day before the progress of the flames was stopped. The entire loss will reach $2,000 000, and some of the insurance offices are severe sufferers. SECOND DISPATCH. New York. Dee. 27. —The fire broke out about one o’clock this morning, and in addition to others, destroyed the flour store of Harris & Co., and the store of D. W. Manvvaring, on Front street. In the mentime, the sparks were so thick in the vicinity as to assume the appear ance of raining fire. The streets atrd docks along the East river were literally alive w ith burning coals. The pier at the foot of Dover street was at one time covered to the depth of some inches with fire, andgthe rigging and masts ot the nu merous vessels lying m she stream were com pletely enveloped in flying sparss. The seamen and others strenuously exerted themselves to prevent the canvas from igniting, but in most instances the high wind rendered their efforts useless. It was about half-past one o’clock when the rigging of the ship Great Republic took fire. Owing to the immense height of her masts it was impossible for the engines to play upon the flames, and the consequence was that the falling spars soon set her deck in a blaze. At thiee o’clock her foremast fell, knocking her mainyard ut ot the slings, and shortly after the mainmast came down across the deck. Her mizzenmast followed, carrying with it the spankermast. The vessel was now a perfect wreck, being one mass of flame abaft the mainmast. The flames rapid ly communicated to the other ships, besides which a number of schooners and si ops had the r spars and rigging burned. The rasj »rity of them, however, escaped total destruction by slipping their cables and drawing out into the stream. The Great Republic had on board an immense cargo, consisting in part of about 9,000 of Hour, 60,000 to 70.000 bushels of corn and and wheat. 1,000 haless of cotton, 3,000 barrels of iosin, 1,000 tierces cf beef, &c., which was valued at about $300,000. The White Squall, at the time she took fire, was lying nearly opposite the Brooklyn Navy Yard. MARRIkD At Pilatka, Fla , on Monday Morning, 26th Dec., by the Rev. Mr. Mas y, Mr. Oliver Hewitt, of Charleston, S. C., and Miss Martha A., third daughter of Ervin Roberts, Esq., of Pilatka. j The following is from the principal accountant of tho wealthy and highly respectable house of Messrs. Voris &*Bro., of this city, and presents ono of the most wonderful cures ■ in the annals of medical history: ■ Mr. R. C. Farrell—Dear Sir: Actuated by a sense of gratefulness, 1 submit tho following as an in stance of the utility of your great medicine. My child, throe years old, was suddenly attacked with a terrible disease, which, in less than six hours, i prostrated it to total helplessness. The limbs be . come so rigid that not a joint could be bent; tho Ilesh turned black and cold, and entirely deprived , of feeling; tne eyes fixed, partially closed, and al together blind; following this was dealhess to all sounds; the spine became contracted, and so curv | ed that whon lying on its back, the head and heels ' only touched. Indeod, the child presented every appearance of being doad. Immediately on the attack, the family physician was called in, and for throe weeks he labored to restore it to feeling, but all in vain, although it was blistered a doaen times . and various rubefacient Liniments applied. A con sultation of physicians was then held, but to no , purpose; the case was then brought beforo the Madioal Society, but nothing could be suggested which had not already been done, and the doctor - then told mo he could do nothing more. Wo then commenced applying your Liniment freely over the entire length of the spine, and you may imagine a paront’s joy, when, after a few applications, re turning animation was apparent, and it rapidly re covered with the exception of sight, which did not become perfect for near a month. The child is now healthy and robust as can bo. Fivo other oases of the same kind occurred previously in my neighbor hood, all of which died, whon there is no doubt if your Liniment had been used, they would have re covered. Henry G.Clela>d, Peoria, March Ist, 1851. A Hard Lump on a Horse s lire -My. 11. Q- Farrell - I have used your Arabian Liniment with gratification in soveral cases, the most remarkable of which was a large lump that appeared on my horse’s breast. It* was very haid, appearing to be hard gristle. It remained for nearly a year, when , ftp.pliod your Liniment, one bottle of which en tifely cured it. I can recommend it as the best Liniment I ever used. JaWN Crawl. Peoria, Feb. 20th, 18-16. Look out for Counterfeits. —The public are cau tioned against another counterfeit, which has late ly made its appearance, called W. B. Fan-ell's Ara bia Liniment, the most dangerous of all the coun terfeits, because his having the name of Farrell many will buy it in good fahh* without the knov - ledge that a counterfeit exists, and they will, por- only discover their error whon the spurioits mixture has wrought its ovil effects. Th» genuine articles is manufactured only by II (I. Farrell, sole inventor and proprietor, and whole sale druggist, No. 17 Main street, Peoria, Illinois 1 to whom all applications for Agencies must be ad dfesscd. Be surovou get it with the letters H. G. before Farrell’s, thus—H. G. FARRELL'S—and hissiguature on the wrapper, and all others are counterfeits. Sold by HAVILAND, SISLEY A CO.. Augusta, Ga., and by regularly authorized agents throughout the United States. Pries 25 and 50 cents, and $1 per bottle. Agents Wanted in every town, village and hamlet in the United States, in which one is not already established. Address H. G. Farrell as above, accompanied with good roferonco as to j oharacter, Ac. /die 4 dec 29 j 1 B \ [VJJVvX KY{ J H ' Three Wa^erhoml Uro(l , ARRI vTI " afriTa . which speculators took 12.000 of The Flour market was active , • pence higher. pncss sir Corn six peace to one shilling dearer on,o!s, on Tuesday, sold al S4i t„ 94l Havrk Market, Dec. u._ r „ * of the week reach 16,000 bales-Midll leans and Upland ninety to ninety „„ l° r : on hand 33,000 bales. > Stoclt Lord Palmerston had resigned in rnn of the indisposition shown to support LnTiT* sell’s Reform Bill. Upport R Us . Letters from Bucharest to December nounce the suspension of hostilities on ‘he D*’ übe. u * a ei>an- The impression at Vienna was stronethut ft Eastern ,uesti„„ would be „ S ,J It wa, reported that a Russian „a„| divil , with six thousand troops on board, had L, ' pulse at Chief Tilsil. One Rukan “ was destroyed, a frigate dismasted, and Z Russians killed. Another engagement near Abaca, toot p! ac . between two Turkish steamer, and a R os " frigate and brig The Utter was withdrawn" a shattered condition. J OUr a!lled Somers had gone to Constantino. The Russian manifesto of November! caused immense excitement in Gieece, afJ d the Greet Government was taking extreme precautionary measures. 1 1 he U. S. fiigate St. Louis arrived atAleyan ana on the 26th November. ‘ an * It was reported in Vienna on the 13th I that the combined Russian and Persian army Were about to march on Eezeroum. Further per Africa, Cotton Market. -Hollingshead’s circular quotes Cotton market steady, with goo d de mand. Middling American was i„ goo d request and comparatively scarce. No improvement on quotations as per last steamer. Stock on hand 597,000 bales, of which 281,000 were American There has been a large speculative demand in Surats. Sales of the week 55 700 bales, including 16,000 to Speculators, and 4,000 to exporters. No sales of Carolina Rice. Nothing doing in Naval Stores. Trade in Manchester rather better. Tne Turks lost eleven ships m the recent en gagement with the Russians, (anti not thirteen) at the battle of Sinope, of which three were transports. The Russians lost seven ships. The battle is not so disastrous to the Turks as first re ported. Diplomatists are still busy with their notes. 1 he London Money Market remains unchang-f ed, The British Funds hat fluctuated a good* deal. Tha latest telegraphic despatches from Pari* (Friday evening) reports that the fleets were ordered to the Black Sea, from Sinope. They state that the Russians lost two of their largest ships, and two others wers totally destroyed. At London, on Saturday, it was thought that Lord John Russell would succeed Lord Palmers ton. The Earl of Lansdown was expected to re sign. Lord Parmure was sent for. There had been an engagement in the Black Sea between some Russian vessels and three Turkish steamers—two oi the latter escaped, and the third was blown up by the Commander rather than be surrendered. The Russians fired Into a Turkish brig near Odessa, sunk her, and all on board perished. Ten powerful Turkish steamers left fb« Bi»- phorus on the afternoon of the 2d. Smith O’Brien has escaped from Van Dieman's Land. Congress. The Senate met to-day, but transacted no business. Snow Storm. The snow storm stopped last night. It was tvro feet on a level, and in drifts ten and twelve feet. No train had arrived, but men were active!;- eugagedjnjciearing the tracks. The propeller Alps arrived at Boston to-hi)' The brig Choctaw, from Galveston, is ashoia at Point Alderton, and the brig Water Witch, from Savannah at Long Beach. Many other ves sels are reported ashore—no lives lost. New Orleans, Dec. 29. Cotton. —The market remains unchanged since the receipt of the Pacific’s advices. Sale* to-day 5000 bales. Sugar has advanced one quarter. Prime lasses quoted at eighteen cents per gallon. New York, Dec. 30-p. »- Cotton.—The market is dull. Sales 1 jOO bales. Flour had advanced one eighth to th ree six teenths. Coffee firm. Turpentine dull. It is snowing hard at Philadelphia, Baltirnora and Washington. Charleston, Dec. 30—p- Cotton.—The; market is unsettled. Sales to day 1400 bales, ?t prices ranging from to cents. A Card,—Mr. CHARLES £>***£! respectfully informs the public o . ( yusta and vicinity, that ho has taken ®Py l .., oai dencein this city, and is prepared to give e ~- n Vocal and Instrumental Music. .. e f Mr. Zogbaiim is a native of Germany, a F U K j n the celebrated Thalberg, and has been engag caching Music for many years, both in " ‘ • and in this country. The last five years n - ded in Athens Ga. np jjs Mr Zogbaum will be prepared to receive P on Monday next. The Harmonic Society * gin as soon as suitable rooms aro provided, <> there will bo notice given through tbepubm p . He is permitted to refer to the following g men : Rev. Dr. Church, Dr. John Le Conte, , ' pr soph LeConte, Prof. Eruanudi Vilalio James Camak. Athens, Ga. Dr. Wo. b v E. Clayton, Esq., G. W. Ferry, Esq, August* r , Fo: terms, and other particulars, apply ", Zogbaum, or G. W. Ferry, or Dr. W ~ -e uov-> —Hjh* I Kpr- —Premium Uaguerrean Gallery* I firm of Tucker A Pb*ki«* been dissolved by limitation last February- I dorsigued will continue to practice thea r 1 uerreotyping in all its various branches, a ■ his long practical experience bo feels cob § his ability to please tbo most fastidious- $rt I The pictures now being taken at this -’ T in I pronounced by those who are judges, s P | tone and life-like expression, to any ej® R . I produced in Augusta. ..... I N. B. Artists purchasing Stock, will P‘«“ , ha n | in mind that materials are sold at lower r f at any other house this side ol New i 1 Instruction on the H Guitar and in Vocal JM M.E. Keegan. Residence second door » 1 Store of Hand A Fleming. d3m* 2