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totrltli) (ikoratu cHonsfitifttonalfet uni) itaabiic BY JAMES GARDNER, JR. AUGUSTA, GA. SATURDAY MORNING, JANUARY 16. Terms of Subscription. J Dally Paper, per annum,advance. ,$S (Kt Tri-Weakly ....... #OO Weekly, porfcituiaxn In advaa0a........ 2 00 If paid within the year........... 2 50 At the end of the year. .... S 00 Qy Tho above tcnna will be rigidly mWbreed. LaFaratta Ooaras. Ssrowil Day— Purse s3oo—TAeo Milt Heats. There wa* only one entry for the above puree, Mr. T. W. E. Beall* c. tn. Theta, five years old, by Imported Priam,dam Gamtna, who galloped round. Scomd Raes. Mill Heats—Paris SIOO, We wore not present to witness this contest, but learn that it was an exciting one. There were two entries, Col. N. B. Young's g. g. Josh, by Grey Eagle,and Col. Harrison's b. f. by Tem pest out of . Josh won both heats by about one length—time of each heat 1 m. 56 s. We were in error in reporting the time of the Colt Stake on Tuesday. It was made in 3. 52, the fust; and 3.41 j the second hoat. Thursday—Three Mill Heats—Purse *SOO. There were but two entries for this day’s purse,*Mr.* T. W. E. Beall's ch. m. Elisabeth MeNairy. and Mr. C. Greene's b, m. GolJfrin. borfpw being well known to She sporting .. Wmet n. neevi uaea. mu.«i as would do to stake on, much interest was felt as to the result, as soon as the entries were made known. If any thing. Goldpin was the favorite at the start, and although Elizabeth had her backers on winning the first beat, few were confident enough to back their judgment on the result of the race. The general opinion, ns far as our knowledge ex tends, seemed to be that Elizabeth would take the first heat, and Goldpin win the purse. Notwithstanding the weather was not very propotious, there was a good attendance, and we were pleased to observe several ladies in the Club Stand. The track was rather heavy for good time. * First Heat.—At one o'clock precisely, both horses were brought to the stand, in fine condi tion and apparently eager for the contest.— ; Goldpin was awarded the track, and at the tap i of the drum they got oil well together. Gold- j pin took the lead, and before reaching the back I stretch, was about rive lengths ahead—Eliza- | beth in hand. This distance she to kept the third j mile. Or. reaching the back stretch, Elizabeth j made an effort and lessened the gap between 1 her and her competitor, which gap she contin- I lied to lessen until the quarter stretch was reach- , ed when her rider pul her to her work, and the turn was scarcely made before she overtook Goldpin, then passed, and came out winner about two lenths. Time 5.50. The face of things now changed. Elizabeth > became the decided favorite, as it was evident 11 she had the speed, if not the bottom of her op- i ponent. The backers of Goldpin, however, i i were still willing to hazard on ker when odds ; were given, and some few dimes changed hands ■ ' on this score. After the usual lime allotted for rubbing down had expired, the bugle sounded for their appearance at the stand. Second Heat.—Both animals made their ap pearance for another contest. Both had eooled off well, and apparently were very little distress ed. At the tap, they were eff again, with a good start. Before passing the gate, Goldpin took the ' lead, and placed herself four or five lengths in 1 front. This position she kept, as in the first 1 heat, until the back stretch on the third mile was reached, when Elizabeth went to work, and ' gradually decreased the distance between them, ! 1 n P to the distance stand, where they were lock I ' andlock. Now took place one of the most exciting 1 contests ever witnessed over the Course. The 1 friends of each were on tiptoe—each huiraing ’ for tbsir favorite—on thay camo, neck and j neck, bath struggling to reach the stand first, < it was difficult to de- i would win the heat Un r-aenmg the stri. g, however, Elizabeth eame in winner, « Cfoldpin running her up to her saddle girth. • Time, sm. 555. RESULT. 1 T. W. R. Beall's ch. m., Elizabeth J McAlary. 5 years, old.Thy Embassa dor, dam Princes Ann, by Leviathan. 11 ' C. Green's b. f. Goldpin, 4 years old, by Boston, dam by imported Goldwire. 2 2 ’ Time—lst Heat 5.50; Second 5.53. FRIDAY —FOURTH DAY. Four Milt Haiti—Purse >3OO. I There were but two entries for this purse, viz: J. Harrison’s ch. e. m., Maid of Edgecombe, and , Col. Green’s b. g. Lawson. As soon as the en tries were opened, the knowing ones commenced ofieiing one hundred to fifty on the Maid, at which odds they found but few takers, little or j nothing being known, except by the owners, of | , the speed or bottom of Lawson. Thus matters I . stood until the crowd reached the ground, when ' the friends of the Maid, becoming more confi dent of success, offered freely the odds of one , hundred to thirty, and one hundred to twenty, which odds were generally taken up, some of the takers remarking that it was a good “ fall ing down” or “accident’’hazzard. But the con test, it will be seen, was one of that sort which, had the racing qualities of Lawson been general ly known, the odds given would have been more eagerly taken. The track was in better condi tion than on yesterday, but the weather was anything but promising. Notwithstanding, there was a large attendance, and in the Club Stand we observed several ladies, who seemed to enjoy the sport and excitement of the scene. At the usual hour, the horses were brought on the ground, in good condition—Lawson, it was thought by some, a little high in flesh for a four mile heat. When stripped both presented a beautiful appearance—the Maid as lively as a cricket, with her nostrils extended, snuffing the fresh air—while Lawson, was sedate and quite! as though considering the task before him, and whether it could be accomplished. First Heat.—They both came up well togeth er, and had a start that would have been called excellent in a mile race. Lawson had the inside; and took the lead, but he had not reashed the gate before the Maid collared and then passed him, coming out on the first mile about five lengths ahead—time l.fifi. The second mile the Maid held up, and Lawson got within two length* of heron the back stretch, when the Maid, not liking his proximity, widened the gap to about four lengths, which distance she kept to the turn, when Lawson made an effort, and suc ceeded in diminishing the distance between them to the string, she coming out ahead about three lengths—time 1.59. The third found the Maid kept about four lengths ahead, until the quarter stretch was reached, when there was another at tempt made by Lawson, but he could’nt come it, although hefeucceeded in diminishing the dis tance, the Maid reaching the string about the same distance in advance as on the second round. Now they are on the fourth and last mile.— InWKn made a bold push and eame witbin two lengths of her Ladyship, on the first stretch, but she, as if not willing to have him approach so near without her consent, gradually widened the gap between them and eamein winner about five lengths. Titneof the four miles 7:51L Both horses cooled off well. The backers of tlie Maid were still sanguine, notwithstanding the good time made, and offered to pile up at the odds given before the race ; one offer of one hundred to ten was made, and taken that she would win the next heat. Second Heat. At the tap, they are off again the Maid in the lead,Jwhich she kept, coming out on the first, second and third miles from three to four lengths ahead. Now came the trying time, it was now or sever. They are again on ths fourth mile. Lawsoa was put to his work, and before the first quarter was reach ed he succeeded in getting within two lengths of hwcoquetish antagonist, when a shout went up, which, however, was of short duration, as the Maid soon widened the distance between them; on the back stretch, Lawson made an other attempt to overtake the ftur Maid and gradually gained on her, to within about two lengths, when another shout went up, which was of as short duration as the first, for, catering the stretch home, the rider of the Maid pat her to her work, and sho gradually increased her = distance, coming in winner by about three lengths. Time 8.10. • nsaur.T. J. Harrison's ch. ». m., Maid of Edge combe, 4 years eld, by Boston, Jr., dam by Andrew. 11 C. Green’s b. g. Lawson, 4 years old, by Wagner, out ol Min*tr*ll’» daaa. 3 3 Time—lst hoat 7.51|; 3d heat B.lok aaeoan RAOS—COLT STAXIa. Aft/r Haul—Entraiue s2oo— Forfeit SIOO. Thera were six entries for this purse, but on > lylhrea made their appearance. Tally’s c. g., by , BootoiiyJr.; Harrison's b.jc. by Childe Harold,and Fowler's b. c., by Sovereign. If the knowing ones were awful on the first race, they were far off the track in the second. The Boston colt was decidedly the favorite before the start, and he was freely taken against the field, and in ■ some instances odda were given, on him. The , race, it will be seen, was a very interesting one; after the first heal, the friends of the favorite i found themselves in anything but a pleasant po sition. Alter dinner was over, the three colt* were brought on tho ground, and finer specimens ot horse flesh have rarely been seen al one time on any course. First Heat.—Fowler had the track, Young second. At the tap the} - were oil'. Fowler’s colt took the lead,closely followed by the Boston colt, and it was a beautiful contest between them on the first quarter, but the Sovereign blood was nyfau.l ho gradually diew ahead com ing out winter ot the first heat—Voting's colt dropping within the distance stand. Time 1 53. Fowler's colt now became the favorite, and bets were freely offered and accepted that he would beat the Boston colt the next heat.— Young's colt also had his friends, who offered to take him at odds against the field. In various ways, considerable fin was put up on the result of the next heat and of the race. Second llsir.—A good start was obtained. Young's Colt succeeded in getting the lead, close ly followed by the Boston Colt, and came in winner. Time 1.52. Young's Colt now became the general favorite and was taken against the field. There was some difficulty in getting a start—Fowler’s Colt first got away from his trainer, and ran about a j quarter before he could be brought up; then ; Young's Colt made a false attempt and ran about j half a mile; oil the third trial the Boston Colt j made the attempt, and he ran a mile and a quar , ter before his rider could take him up. After I allowing five or six minutes for the Boston Colt i to eool off, they were all again brought to the Island, for tho Third Heat.—This time they got a fair start, Fowler’s Colt in the lead, closely followed by Young’s; it was an exciting struggle between them for about halt a mile, when the position of the horses was changed, Young's Colt taking the lead, which he kept to the end of the race, beat ing Fowler’s Colt about two lengths—the Boston Colt just saving his distance. Timo 1.53 L result. Col. N. B. Young's (Harrison's) b. c. by Childe Harold, dam Atlanta, 3 11 S. P. Fowler’s b. c. by Sovereign, dam Celerity by Leviathan, 13 2 James Tally's c. g. by Boston, Jr., dam by Collier out of Lady Jackson, 3 2 3 Time, Ist heat, 1.32; 2d, 1.53; 3d, 1.525. Saturday —Last Day. Mill Heati, but three its five —Purse S2OO. The races over the LaFayette Course cloeed yesterday, with the Jibove race, which created considerable interest before the start, and more after the first heat was run. There were three entries, viz; Col. Harrison’s Tempest, N. B. Young’s Kate Hays, and P. Bleakly's Bob Rid ley. Before the start, Tempest was the general favorite, and bets of two to one, and three to one were freely offered on him against the field and accepted. Other bate on him were also offered, and edds given that ha would lose the first heat and win the race. At the appointed hour the three were brought on the ground, and when stripped seemed to bo in fine running condition. second. At the tap, they were off, Ridley lead ing, which he continued to do, until reaching the back stretch, at which point he was about rive lengths ahead of Kate, Tempest well up.— At this point Ridgely took the ditch, and before his rider could recover him, Kate and Tempest both succeeded in passing him some five lengths, and all thought he would bo distanced. It was a beautiful contest, apparently, between Kate and Tempest, on reaehing the quarter stretch, but Kate came in winner, it being as much as the rider of Tempest could do to confer on her that honor. Time2.o7J. Second Heat.—Ridgely took the lead, but he had not gone more than half round before he was collared and passed by Tempest, and in this position they came to the string—Kate dropping within the distance stand. Time 1.49. Third Heat.—Tempest took the lead, closely followed by Ridley, but he soon shook him off, and took a respectable distance in front.— From the entrance of the quarter stretch home, Redley made a struggle, but his strides were too short, and Tempest came in winner about two lengths. Time 1.53. Fourth Heat. —The owner of Ridley now withdrew him, as he saw there wa, but little chance of his taking the next heat. The con test now was between Kate and Tempest. At the tap they were off again, with a good staik, Kate in the lead, which she kept for the first quarter, when Tempest gallantly caught up with her, and after running side by side for a short dis tances, parted company, and came in an easy winner. Timel.SßL RESULT. Col. Harrison’s ch. c. 3 years old by Tempest, darn by Stockholder, 2 111 N. B. Young’s ch. tn. Kate Hays, 4 years old, by Glencoe, dam Lady Lyons, 13 3 2 P. Blenkley’s Bob Ridley, 3 years old, by Emu, dam Linnet, by Leviathan. 3 2 2 dr. Time Ist heat, 2.07 k ; 2d, 1.49 ; 3d, 1.53 ; 4th, 1.56 k. Thus ended the racing over the LaFayette Course. It was one of the most pleasant and quiet meetings we have ever seen. Good order was preserved, ajj,d there was Isos rowdyism and fighting than is generally seen in such a mixed •ompany as usually visit the Turf. Messrs. Pertear A Glover deserve much credit for the ample arrangements made for spectators and citizens, and their exertions to keep good order on the Course. From the African Squadron.—The brig Planet, at Salem, Mate., brings dates from Port Praya to Dec., 4th, and the letter bag of the African Squadron. The U. S. sloop of war, Germantown, was at Port Praya awaiting the arrival of the John Adams, and was to sail on the Sth for Goree and a cruise down the coast. The brig Perry sailed on the 3d on a cruise to Mourovia and the leeward coast. The brig Bainbridge was at St. Vincent’s. We learn from'the New Bedford Shipping List, that the number of ship* and barques engaged in the whale fishery, belonging in the United States was on Jan. 1,1553,599; brigs, 30; schooners, 32; aggregate tonnage, 206,280. The past yonr there has been an addition of 41 ships and barquos and 3 brigs to the whaling business, and a dimi nution of 3 schooners, and an increase in the ag gregate of tonnage of 13,270 Os these 30/ ships and barques, R brigs and 1 schooner, tonnage, 104,005 are owned in New Bedford; and 49 of the former, tonnage 16,543, in Fairhaven. Tremendous gales have recently swept the Atlantic, rendering the effort* of the most pow erful steam ship# to make headway against thorn almost ineffectual. The steamers which left England during tho month of December suffered rnoat severely. Captain Nye, of tho Pacific, speak* of tho voyage just eompleted as tba worst he *vor rnado. The Tennessee papers announce the death of Hon. Daniel L. B*rreng*r,adietingui»hed citizen of that State, and formerly a member of Congre** from North Carolina. BArrisri in MiMiseiFßi.—There aro 40,000 Baptist* in tho State. At a late State Conven tion the sum of $30,000 was sutacribed towards the endowment fiind of SIOO,OOO, proposed to ba niisod for the Literary end Thoologieal Tnirtitu tion looatod nt Clinton, MiwriMippi. AUGUSTA, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY MORNJNG, JANUARY 19, 1853. Angnsta and Waynesboro Railroad. Wo have before us (says tho Savannah Cour ier,) the third annual reports of Alexander R. Lawton, Esq., President, F. P. Holcomb, Chief I.ngineor, and Joseph Bancroft, Secretary of the Augusta and Wayneboro’ Railroad Company, from which wo learn that the work on the road is progressing rapidly, and it ia hoped, will be completed during the present year. Tho opera tion* of the contractors have been materially re tarded by tho sickness, and by the recent rain*. Such wa* the unheallhiness of tho country that * on tho 23d of November last, out of iwen ty-threu overseer* and managers, eighteen were unfit for duty.' The aickaeu now having sub sided, arrangement* have been made to place a greatly increaawl force upon the heavy excava tion* between Briar and Mcßean creeks. The iron for the lower end ot the lino has been re ceived. 1 hat for tho upper end is daily expect ed and will bo shipped at once for Augusta by steam boat, so that the work Os laying it can ba prosecuted without delay. Tho re«eipte of the Company have been $592,- 020,00, of which sum $157,598-55 have been ex pended, for engineering, grading, superstructure, iron, dejiota, right of way, &c, Ac. leaving the sum $3 1,121,45 on hand. There is still due from stockholders $51,880, making the amount on hand and available 886,301 -15. Alluding to this . fact and to the early exhaustion of these funds , tho President States that tho board have deter , mined to issue tho Bonds of the Company paya ble in ten years, aud bearing an interest yf 7 per i cent, for tho purpose di completing the work. These Bonds he thinks will be eagerly sought al ter as safe investments, especialty when it is known that three fourths of the cost of the entire work have actually been paid for in ensA, and that the stockholders are guaranteed 7 per cent, per annum by tho Central Company. The length of the road is 53 10 miles—which will make the distance from Augusta to Savannah when the work is completed only 133 miles. The reports upon the whole aro quite as full and satisfactory as could have been expected. The road is worked, as intimated above, by the Cen tral Company, and therefore these reports could not be expected to give any details of its busi ness. We feel confident however that the work will pay the stockholders well, and be of im mense service to both Savannah and Augusta. Report Os the President and Directors of the jlu"usta and Waynesboro’ 1 Railroad to the Stockholders. It becomes our duty at the Alose o another year, to submit a Report of the operations of the Company during that period, and the present condition of its affairs. As these are confined almo«t entirely to receipts, disbursements, and work done upon the road,jthe Report of the Chief Engineer, herewith presented, and the tabular statement of the Secretary, which is attached, put the Sockholders in possession of all the items of information on the subjects, which the Board can furnish. Twelve months since the grading, masonry, and bridging of the twenty miles of road nearest Augusta, had just then been put under contract. The first monthly “ Estimate” of work done on that division was returned in February last. The work on that portion of the line ha* been so con stant!}' and judiciously pressed forward by the contractors a* to give the Board but little uaeasi ness on account of delay, and no causes can now be seen which are likely to prevent its comple tion at an aarly period within the present year. It is due to ihsse energetic contractors to say, that much greater progress would have been made, but for a summer of almost unprecedented aicknes, followed by a season of excessive rains. The disasiious effects fromthes* causes wore, in a great measure, beyond their control. The delay and disappointments which have marked the progress of that part of the work ly ing between Briar and Aleßaan creeks, referred to in the chief engineers report, have been ob served with great uneasiness by the Board. The fact that this point is nearly midway between the Central Railroad and Augusta, and while unfinished is an obstacle in the way of the use of the Road at either’ end, has induced the Board to make arrangements for a large and efficient force to be placed at once upon it. It is hoped that these energetic measures will ensure its completion by the time the superstructure laid simultaneously from Waynesboro’ and from Au gusta, shall have reached that point. The iron ordered for the middle division of the > 4ixynJ[X&XMp*V | y < >’.*P.Q r avesLatc>re, arriv —exce'ine iai.’j icai lial'u down beyond trial point.-—This supply of iron, which has been paid for, will complete the track for more than two-thirds of the entire length of our road. A casgo now daily expected in Sa vannah, will be forwarded on its arrival, by steamboat, to Augusta, where every tiring is in readiness to commence laying the track from that point downwards. The aegotiations with the City Council of Augusta, pending at the date of our last report, have resulted in the purchase of a site for a depot at a merely nominal price. This site is conve nient and well adapted to our use, in size, shape, and location ; and is now in our possession, rea dy to receive the depot buildings, soon to be erec ted there. The funds arising from the payment of sub scriptions to tbe Capital Stock of the Company will soon be entirely expended on the work. As tho Board at present sees no prospect of ma king any considerable additions to the list of Shareholders, steps have been taken to issue 7 per cent, bonds es the Company, payable in ton years. These bonds ought to be disposed ol very readily, as they will constitute the only in cumbrance on the Road when completed. More than three-fourth* of tho entire work will have been paid for, in cash, before the bonds are issued; and the Read will be yielding 7 per cent, on the cost, under a contract with the Central Compa ny, before the first year’s interest on the bond* accrue. With .wt-h security they cannot fail to be sought after'Ls a desirable investment. The Road to Waynesboro’ has been worked by the Central Railroad Company,since the ear ly part of May last, under the arrangement re ferred to in our last annual report. The indica tion* aro such as to satisfy the Board that the travel on this route, when opened through to Augusta, will be very largo, and tho business of fered quite equal to the expectations ot the most sanguine friends ofthe work. Respectfully submitted, A. R. LAWTON, President. Savannah, Jan. 1, 1853. Statement Os Receipts n.nd. Disbursements of the Augusta and Waynesboro R’atflroad, to 31*S December, 1852, inclusive. RECEIPT*. Capita! Stock on 6,132 shares of SIOO each, “ '* in Cash and Bonds $567,320 00 Issued for interest duo to Stookholdcrs,347 shares 24,700 00 $#92,020 00 On tho above 6,192 share* there is duo from Georgia Railroad A Banking Co. not yet called for SSO per share on 1,000 shares.. . $50,600 And from Individual Stock- holder*.. I.SBO $51,880 DISBURSEMENTS. For Surveys and Bnginooring, inclu ding eos! of a preliminary Survey made in September, 1849, and out lay for Horses, Mules, Wagon*, In«trum«nt*, Camp Equipage, and Salarits $27,430 96 For Construotien, eoat of Iron, Freight, io $141,908 45 Coat of Spikes, Chairs, Switch®*, 4e 15,512 91 Amount paid to Con- • tractors, including coat of buildings at 79 milo Junction, A at Waynes boro, Way Stations, Ciatern Houses,Bricks, Lumber and other ui»- toriala #31,348 51—5188,769 87 For Right of Wny 8,117 02 For interest 217 shareo stock issued. 24,700 00 Loss amount received for premium and interest on Bonds sold 7,057 46 For Incidental expense* 45(1 86 For Salaries 10,417 67 For Advertiaing and Printing 503 63 For Depot Lote at Angnsta 4,200 00 VUKDS on hand. Cash 17,421 45 Central Railroad Bands. .17,000 00 34,421 45 $592,020 00 Saiiannn.h, Jantuny 1. 1853. JOS. BANCROFT, Secretary. An English savante baa discovered a preven tive of *oa-aickno*s —which consists aimply in holding in tho hand a tumbler of water filled to the brim. There i* no difficulty in holding the glass—but a good deal in preventing the spilling ofthe water. This can only ba effected by tho ■ whole body acquiring the motion of the vessel— and therein consists tbe virtue of tire proposed preventive. Tho holding tho glass filled with water will facilitate tho acquisition of tho ve«- s®l’« motion. The total value of the foreign export* from Baltimore for tbe week ending on Thursday, was $167,234- The export of breadstuff* for the week eompri*** 18,633 barrel* of lions, 1923 bar r«l* of »orn masl.and 4,190 burirels of corn. [COMMUNICATED.I Harper*’ Magazine. Mr. Editor .—Verily, v*rily, thisi* an age of improvement. HaipcrP M'lgueins contain*, as an embellishment, tho picture of a naked negro One would have hardly looked for such a por trait, even in a hook on anatomy,or physiology; but who would have thought, that a periodical, that ha* any pretension to politeness, would have so far forgotten it* dignity, a* to have shocked the modesty of it* r*ad*rs, and disgraced it* pages, by »o dteginting a picture? Well, if the editor persist* in thia way of showing naked mortality a* an evidence of hi* refined and aesthetic taste, it ia to be hoped that he will ascend a grade higher in exemplification by giv ing u* specimens of the- tchite genus homo. A negro is no curiosity, and a naked one cannot be an object of beauty. What then, could have in duced Harper to have marred his magazine with such blot* upen mankind ? It is said that true beauty, when least adorned, is adorned tho most. If this be his refuge, I would suggest to him the propriety of visiting Africa, where he may de light his vision, and f«a*t his olfactories on those flowers of humanity. But, in behalf of society, (especially the female part,) in behalf of civili zation, and in behalf of decency, I protest against tho impropriety, the indecency and barbarity of exhibiting naked and half naked negroes as pic torial embolishment*. J. R. 3., Coweta. PassenobrDepot at Atlanta. —A meeting of the ojfoti <.t the diffciSlit rail'tifttfe terinia.i-- ting nt Atlanta, was held in that city last week, for the purpose of making the necessary arrange ments for the construction, of a joint passenger depot for tho accommodation of the travelling public. We regret to learn, by the Atlanta In telligencer, that no satisfactory plan was adopted by the conference, and therefore, passengers ar riving and departing at all hours of the night, and in all kinds of weather, are to hold their vigils over their “ bag and baggage” without benefit of shelter, as heretofore. Who ia respon sible for this unpleasant state of things, we know not, and all the harm we wish them, ia an occa sional descent into the mud and mire of Atlanta,- followed by a slight paroxysm of the asthma. In all seriousness, the reputation ot the State, no’ less than tho health and comfort of the traveller, imperiously demands the prompt erection of a common passenger depot, at this great central i point of railroad connexion.— Southern Retordcr 11M inst. Florida R. R.—South-Western Railroad We are gratified to see that the Florida Legis lature has passed acta of incorporation for Rail roads through that State, especially the one in corporating the “Pensacola, and Georgia Rail road Company,” providing for a road “irorn Pen sacola to any point on the Western or Southern boundary line of Georgia.” This road, as we understand, is intended to unite with our South western road, and as the latter road is expected to be extended from Oglethorpe to Americus early ing 1854, we feel cheered at seeing the great work still inching its way onward. It has been truly remarked, that “the history of Rail roads in Georgia demonstrates the impossibility of resisting Railroad connection. Private iater ests will yield to pnblic convenience.” And this will, sooner or later, certainly be the case by the completion of the great direct thoroughfares, North and South. Now, if the advocates of this grand measure in Hancock and Warren would unite their efforts and provide for its construc tion from Warrenton to Sparta, we feel assured that .the portion to the latter place here, would soon also be completed. Will they not be.stirred up to an effort, not only from their individual interest, but for the good of the country at large? The csnnecticn West from this, via Macon, Fort Valley, Columbus and Opelika to Montgomery, Alabama, will soon be made—the whole route being under contract. Why should the only connecting link North be longer neglected ? An energetic move in the matter is certainly all that is needed. Let our friends in Warren and Hancock then, keep this ball in motion until it reaches a suc ' Ornate that this important work be placed in tua of men of publie spirit and inlbiencn, who will j press forward to a speedy Consummation.—-Mfi-js Recorder, llth inst-. At a supper, which he attended in Providence a few evenings since, Mr. Thaekery said—and he did not care how far it was repeated—that he • had no intention of writing a book upon the United States. He spoke with feeling of the great kindness and cordiality with which he had been received in this country. Suicide of Mr. G. W. Elmore. —The Home Gazette. 13th inst says: “ In our allusion to this melancholy affair in our last number, we stated that various causes were assigned for the commission of the rash act.—Since that time however, we are convinaed from circumstances related to us of his general deportment for a few days before his death, and by statements contained in letters left upon his table, directed to his friends, that lie was laboring under tem porary insanity. There is no doubt whatever that he committed the deed in a state of mental aberation. It is due to the memory of Mr. El more, that this statement should be made. All, who knew him, concur in bearing testimony to his high moral character and attention to busi ness. —His recent employers speak of him in the highest terms, as a gentleman of strict in tegrity. The Maine Lands.—The Massachusetts Council has voted not to ratify the sale of the Maine lands. It is stated that the Council was tied on the question, and that the Governor gave his casting vote against the measure. The Milledgeville Recorder, says: “The Hon. Peter E. Love, was elected by the peo ple on the first Monday in this month, Judge of the Superior Court of the Southern circuit. The following are the returns so far as re - ceived, which places the result beyond doubt, viz ; Lovn. Morgan. Platt. Pulaski, 401 30 Telfair, 131 4 Laurens, 379 Irwin, 201 7 6 Lowndes, 137 15 Thomas, 398 8 EAitTnquAKs.—About 8 o’clock on the even ing of Saturday the Bth inst, a slight shock or an Earthquake was felt by the citizens of Milledge ville and the surrounding country. It was pre ceded by a low rumbling noise like distant thun der. As it appeared to strike the house in which ' were sitting, th* windows rattled and the whole house trembled, some others in our vicinity de scribe it as much more severe; it lasted but a mo ment—Federal Union,llth inti. T«r Dead or 1852.—The list of the dead for the past year, includes such names re Daniel Webster, Henry Clay, John Scrgea*c, Prince •chwartzenberg, David Graham, Robert Ran toul, Roger Jones, Arthur Wellssly, John Mc- Kinly, Wm. Ware,Thomas Moore, Samuel PiPfjJk ' Horatio Greenough, Edward Seguin, Ada By ron, Junius Brutus Booth, John Frazee, John ! Haviland, Sir John Harvey, Admiral Wormley, Marshal Marmont, Robert Blackwood, Baron Krudener, A. J. Downing, Pugin, D’Orsay, Jahonor, Mapleson, among the statesmen, ar tists, scholars, and eminent citizens; while among < the clergy are recorded the deaths of three Bishops I of the Protestant Episcopal, (Chase, Gadsden, 7 and Henshaw,) and one (Hedding,) of the Me -3 thodist Episcopal Church, together with the 8 learned Drs. Stewart, Ballon, and Nott, three most eminent clergymen. 5 Hogs.—There is one idea connected with this j subject, which we think should bo enforced up on the minds of Georgia. Planters. Small, in deed, compared to the importation of past years, has been the number of hogs driven into Geor gia the present season. The pens in this city are nearly empty, and there is no prospect of a II supply shortly. It is a fact that cannot bo con o coaled or misunderstood, that the system of 0 packing in the West is carried on to such an ex tent, as to affect very seriously the pork marke • in Georgia and other sea coast States. Every 10 year the number of hogs packed in Cincinnatti, St. Louis, and other depots of the west, steadily ,] increases. The Drovers find it to their interest , to lay in large supplies of Bacon. It is easily 1 understood how this operation may affect the ■" prices of hogs brought into Georgia from Ten nessee and Kentucky. Our Planters should turn their attention more to raising hogs. They m may ultimately, be forced to supply the Home lg market, and it is a matter of serious importance to themselves, which should be| duly weighed ' and considered. High prices, exorbitant prices, f- will rule, if this thing is neglected.— Milled n»- Univn, llth inst. Important Diplomatic Oorro»pon<I*no» Respecting Cuba. Vr. 1° Mr. Crampton, (« similar drepatch h/fting bten addressed to M. di Sartigti.) Department of Stat* I Washington, Dec. 1, 1852. J SitU '• JU aro well acquainted with tho rnel aßcholy rcumstanses which have hitherto pie vented _ eply to tho note which you addressed to mydKtxlecessor on the Bth of July. That note and thb u it ruction of Lord Malmsbury of the Sth of Apr, accompanying it, with a rimilar cum m»nic|tiou from tho French Minister, and the prop. tpi a convention between the three I’uw srs relat'vo to Cuba, have bean among the first nibjenULtt.which my attention hs« been called by th» rrusident. Tbeei.brtantial portion of the proposed con vention i* expressed in a single article, in the following term*; “Th* high contracting parties hereby severally nU d collectively disclaim, now and for hereafter, all in*-,’ on to obtain possession of the Island of Cuba, and they rospectiully bind thernaolves to discouu’tetiance all attempt* to that effect on the part of any Bower or individuals whatever. The high co.":.iactiiig parties declare severally and collect, iy that they will not obtain or main tain fi or for any one of themselves, any coff r -l over the said island nor assume nor exerci.iv any dominion over the same.” The j*/widen! has given the moet serious at tentici, ."i this proposal, to tho notes of the Bri tish ai-'i wench Minister accompanying it, and to auctions of tho Ear! of Malmsbury and X.'du T irgot,. transmitted with tho project of the co#. efttiou, and he directs mo to make known » you the view which he takes of this import. ’ Hid delicate subject. adent fully concurs with his prede cesso’B; lie have on more than ono occasion ffihe declaration referred to by Lord - <i«? Tmgot, that the United 1...'---j.. w;t'i iiXll'fiffeiiili! 1 lilt." of evTa AH into the possession of any other Eu ropean (jovernment than Spain ; not, however, because we should be dissatisfied with any natur al increase of territory and power on the part of Ergland or France. France has within twenty yews acquired a vast domain on the northern co»t of Africa, with a lair prospect of indefinite extension, England within half a century has adied very extensively to her empire. These aquisitions have created no uneasiness on the psst of the United States. In like manner, the. United States have with ii the same period greatly increased their terri bry. The largest addition was that of Louisia na, whsch was purchased from France. These accessions of territory have probably caused no . uneasiness to the great European powers,as they have been brought about by the operation of natural causes, and without disturbance of the internstional relations of the principal States.— They have been followed also by a great increase of mutually beneficial commercial intercourse be tween the United States and Europe. Butthe case would be different in reference to the transfer of Cuba from Spain to any other EnroAnn power. The event could not take place without a serious derangement of the in ternational system now existing, and it would indicate designs in reference to thia hemisphere which could not but awaken alarm in the Uni ted Sates. We should view it in somewhat the same light in which France and England would view tho acquisition of some important island in the Mediterranean by .the United States ; with this difference, it is true, that the attempt of the United States to establish themselves in Europe would be a novelty, while the appearance of a European power in this part of the world is a famili»r fact. But this difference in tho two eases is merely historical, and would not dimin ish ti:e anxiety which, on political grounds, would ba caused by any great demonstration of European power in a new direction in America. Lord Malmsbury states that Great Britain could never see with indifference the possession of Cuba by any power but Spain, and explicitly declares that she has no wish or intention of ap propriating tho island to herself; and the French Minister makes the same avowal on behalf of his Government. Lord Malmsbury and M. de Turgot do the Government of the United States no more than justice in remarking that they have often pronounced themselves substantially in th* same sense. The President does not cov et the acquisition ot Cuba for the United States. At th® same time, he considers the condition of Cuba a* mainly an American question, and to a limited extent only a European question. The proposed convention proceeds on a different principle. It assumes that the United States nave no other or greater interest .in the question than England or France ; whereas it is necessa ry only to cast one’s eye upon the map, to see how remote are the relations of Europe,and how intimtte those of the United States with this is- Ths President, doing full justice to the friend ly spirit in which hi* concurrence is invited by EnPl(i<d and France, and not insensible to the 1 ad/a-itages of a good understanding between the thrive Powers in reference to Cuba, feels himself ne- erlh-dess unable to become a party to the ! reasons; It •XuC.from the Executive to a co- Jte- uate br; reh cf the Government will permit &* to antic ntej&decision) that no such con- Would’be viewed with favor by the Sen a'K ; Its cer airl rejection by that body would | le-'« thete question of Cuba in a more unsettled position tiian it is now. This objection would net require tho President to withhold his concur • rei ce from the convention if no other objection existed, and il a strong sense of the utility of the m.mure rendered it his duty, as far as the Exec utive action is concerned, to give his consent to the arrangement. Such, however, is not the case. The convention would be of no value unless it wore lasting. Accordingly, its terms express a perpetuity of purpose and obligations. Now, it may well be doubted whether the Constitution of the United States would allow the treaty making power to impose a permanent disability on the American Government, for all coming time and prevent it, under any future change of circumstances, from doing what has been so of ten done in times past. In 1803 the Uiutec States purchased Louisiana of trance, and in 1819 they purchased Florida ot Spain, it is not within the competence of the treaty-mak ing power, in 1852, effectually to bind the Gov ernment, in all its branches, and for all coming time not to make a similar purchase ot Cuba. A like remark, 1 imagine, may be made even in reference both to England and trance, where the treaty-making power is less subject than it is with us to tho control of other branches ot tie Government. .... . ~ There is another strong objection to the pro posed agreement. Among the oldest traditions of the Federal Government is an aversion to po litical alliances with European powers. In his memorable farewell address, President Washing ton, says; , ,„ , , “The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is, in extending our commercial relations, to have with them as little political connection as possible. So far as we have al ready formed engagements, let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us stop.” President Jefferson, in his inaugural address in 1801 warned the country against “entangling al liances.” This expression, now become prover bial, was unquestionably used by Mr. Jefferson in reference to the alliance with France of 177 S an alliance at the time of incalculable benefit to the United State*, but which, in less than twenty years,came near involving us in the wars of the French revolution, and laid the founda tion of claims upon Congress, not extin guished to the present day. It is a significant coincidence that the particular provision of the alliance which occasioned these evil* was that under which France called upon us to aid her in detending her West Indian possessions against England. Nothing less than the unbounded in fluence of Washington rescued the Union from the perils of that crisis, and preserved our neu trality. But the President has a graver objection to en tering into the proposed convention. He has no wish to disguise tho feeling that the compact, although equal in its terms, would be very un equal in substance. England and France, by entering into it, would disable themselves from obtaining possession of an island remote from their seats of Government, belonging to another power, whose natural right to pOM6«s it must al ways be as good as their own ; a distant island, in another hemisphere,and one which,by noordi dnry peaceful course of things,could ever belong to either of them. If the present balance of power in Europe should bo broken up, if Spain should become unable to maintain tho island in her pos session, and England and France should be en gaged in a death struggle with each other, Cuba might then be the prize of the victor. Till those events all take place, the President does not see how Cuba can belong to any European power but Spain. The United States, on the other hand, would by the proposed convention, disable themselves from making an acquisition which might take place without any disturbance of existing for eign relations, and in the natural order of things. Tfio Island of Cuba lies at our door*. It com mands the approach to the Gulf of Mexico,which washes the shores of five of our States. It bars the entrance of that great river which drains half tho North American continent, and withits tributaries forms the largest system of internal water cominucication in tho world. It keeps watch at the door way of our intercourse with California by the Isthmus route. If an island like Cuba, belonging to the Spanish crown, guarded the entrance of tho Thames and the Seine, and the United States should propose a convention liko this to Englund and France, those Power* would as«uredly feel that the disa bility assumed by ourselves was far less serious than that which wo asked them to assume. The opinions of American statesmen, nt dif ferent times and under varying circumstances, have differed as to the desirableness of thn ac quisition of Cuba by tho United State*. Terri torially and commercially, it would in our hands bo an extremely valuable possession. Under certain contingencies it might be almost essen tial to osr *afety. Still, for domestic reasons, on which, in a communication of this kind, it might not be proper to dwell, the President think* that tho incorporation or the iiland into the Union*! !h* preeeal time, although effected with tho consent of Spain, would be a hazard ous measure; and he would consider its acquis ition by force, except in a just war with Spain, (should an event so greatly to be deprecated take place,) as a disgrace to the civilization oi the ago. The President has given ample proof of the sincerity with which he holds these views. Ho has thrown the whole force of Iris constitutional power against all illegal attacks upon the island. It would have been perfectly easy for him, with out any seeming neglect of duty, to allow pro jects of a formidable character to gather strength by connivance. No amount of obloquy at home, no embarrassments caused by the indiscretions of the Colonial Government of Cuba have moved him from the path of duty in this re spect. The Captain-General ot that island, an officer apparently of upright and conciliatory character, but probably more used to military command than the management of civil affairs, has, on a punctillio in reference to tho purser of a private steamship, (who seems to have been entirely innocent of the matters laid to his charge.) refused to allow passengers and the mails of tho United States to be landed from a vessel having him on board. This csrtainly is a very extraordinary mode of animadverting upon a supposed abuse of the liberty of the press, by tho subject of a foreign Government in his native country. The Captain-General is not permitted by his Government, three thous and miles off, to hold any diplomatic intercourse with the United States. He is subject in no de gree to the direction of the Spanish Minister at. Washington; and the President has to choose between a resort to force to compel the aban donment of this gratuitous interruption of com mercial intercourse, (which would result in war,) and a delay of weeks and months neces- sary for a negotiation with Madrid, with all the chances of the most deplorable oecurrgnce# in tho interval: and. all, for .a Ville that ought to 1 IHIW rtwi nente bv sfti oxohdjiga of notes Between Washington and " TT-.var.a. The President, however, has patiently submit ted to these evils, and has continued faithfully to give to Cuba the advantage of those principles of the public law, under the shelter of which she has departed in this case from the comity of nations. But the incidents to which I allude, and which are still in train, are among many others which point decisively to the expediency of some change in the relations of Cuba; and the President thinks that the influence of Eng land and France with Spain would bo well em ployed in inducing her so to modify the adminis tration of tho government of Cuba as to afford the means of some prompt remedy for evils of the kind alluded to, which have done much to increase the spirit of unlawful enterprise against tho island. That a convention such as is proposed, would be a transitory arrangement, sure to be swept away by the irresistible tide of affairs in a new country, is, to the apprehension of the Presi dent, too obvious to require a labored argument. The project rests on principles applicable, if at all, to Europe, where international relations are in their basis of great antiquity, slowly modified for the most part in the progress of time and events; and not applicable to America, which, but lately a waste, is filling up with rapidity, and adjusting on natural principles those territo rial relations which, on the first discovery of the continent, were in a good degree fortuitous. The comparative history of Europe and Ame rica,oven fora single century,shows this; In 1752, England, Fiance and Spain were not materially different in their political position in Europe from what they now are. They were ancient, mature, consolidated States, established in their relations with each other and the rest of the world—the leading Powers of Western and Southern Europe. Totally different was the state of things in America. The United States had no existence as apeople. A line of English cotanies, not numbering much over a million oi inhabitants,stretched along the coast. France ex tended from the Bay of St. Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico, and from the Allaghaiiies to the Mississippi; beyond which, westward, the con tinent was a wilderness, occupied by wandering savages, and subject to a conflicting and nomi nal claim on the part of France and Spaia.— Everything in Europe was comparatively fixed; everything in America provisional, incipient, and temporary; except theflaw of progress, which is as organic and vital in the youth of Slates as in individual men. A struggle be tween the provincial authorities of England and Fiance for the possession of a petty stock ade at the confluence of the Monongahela and the Alleghany kindled the seven years’ war ; at the close of which the great European Powers, not materially affected in their relations at home, had undergone astonishing changes on the con tinent. France had disappeared from the map of America, whose inmost recesses had been penetrated by her zealous missionaries and her resolute and gallant adventurers ; England had added the Canadas to her transatlantic dominions; Spain had become the mistress oi Louisiana; so that in the language of the Archbishop ot Mexi co in 1770, she claimed Siberia as the northern boundary of New Spain. Twelve vears only from tho treaty of Paris - .. -■ 'JV-U fruitful of still grenter changes to'wjo. rbo American revolution broke out. It involved England, France and Spain in a tremendous struggle, and at its close the United States of America had taken their place in the Family of Nations. In Europe the ancient States were restored substantially to their former equili brium ; but a new element of incalculable im portance in reference to territorial arrangement* is henceforth to be recognised in America. Just twenty years from the close of the war of the American revolution, France, by a treaty with Spain, of w’hich the provisions have never been disclosed, possessed herself of Louisiana; but did so only to cede it to the United States ; and in the same year Lewis and Clark started on their expedition to plant the flag of the United States on the shores of the Pacific. In 1819 Florida was sold by Spain to the United States, whose territorial possessions in this way had been in creased three-fold in half a century. This last acquisition was so much a matter of course, that it had been distinctly foreseen by the Count Aranda, then Prime Minister of Spain, as long ago as 1783. But even those momentous events are but the forerunners of new territorial revolutions still more stupendous. A dynastic struggle between the Emperor Napoleon an<l Spain, commencing in 1808, convulsed the Peninsula. The vast possessions of the Spanish Crown on this conti nent —vice-royalties and captain-generalships filling the space between California and Cape Horn—one after another asserted their indepen dence. No friendly Power in Europe at that time was able, or if able was willing, to succor Spain, or aid her to prop the crumbling buttress es of her colonial empire. So far from it, when France, in 1813, threw an army of 100,000 men into Spain to control her domestic politics, Eng land thought it necessary to counteract the movement by recognising the independence of the Spanish provinces in America. In the re markable language of the distinguished Minister of the day, in order to redress the balance of power in Europe, he called into existence a new werld in the West; somewhat overrating per haps the extent of the derangement in the Old World, and not doing full justice to the position of the United States in America, or their in fluence on the fortunes of their sister republics on this continent. Thus, in sixty years from the close of the seven years’ war, Spain, like France, had lost the last remains of her once imperial possessions in this hemisphere. The United States mean time were, by the arts of pea “e and the health ful progress of things, rapidly enlarging their dimensions and consolidating their power. The great march of events still went on.— Some of the new republics, from the effect of a mixture of races, of the want of training in liberal institutions, showed themselves incapa ble of self-government. The province of Texas revolted from Mexico by the same right by which Mexico revolted from Spain. At the memo rable battle of San Jacinto in 1836 she passed the great ordeal of nascent States, and her inde pendence was recognized by this Government, by France, and other European Powers Main ly peopled from the United States, she sought naturally to be incorporated into the Union.— The offer wa« repeadly rejected by Presidents Jackson and Van Buren, to avoid n collision with Mexico. At last the annexation took place. As a domestic question, it is no fit sub ject for comment in a communication to a for eign Minister. As a question of public law, there never was an extension of territory more na turally or justifiably made. It produced a dis turbed relation with the Government of Mexi co ; war ensued, and in its results other exten sive territories were, for a large pecuniary com pensation on the part of the United States, ad ded to the Union. Without adverting to the divisions of opinion which arose in reference to this war—as must al ways happen in free countries in reference to great measures—nopeisoii,surveying these events with the eye of a comprehensive statesmanship, can fail to trace in the main result the undoubt ed operation of the law of our political existence. The consequences are before the world. Vast provinces which had languished for three cen tures under the leaden sway of a stationary sys tem, are coming nnder the influences of an ac tive civilization. Freedom of speech and the press, the trial by jury, religious equality and representative Government have been carried by the Constitution of the United States into extensive regions in which they were unknown before. By tho settlement of California tho great circuit of intelligence round the globe is completed. The discovery of the gold of that region, leading as it did to the same discovery in Australia, has touched the nerves of industry throughout ths world. Every addition to tho territory of tho American Union has given homes to European destitution and gardens to European want. From every part of the Uni ted Kingdom, from France, from Switzerland, and Germany, and from tho extremest north of Europe, a march of immigration has been taken up, such a* the world has never teen before. In to the United State*, grown to their present ex tent in the manner detcribed, but little leas than I half R million of the population of the Old Warld > i* annually pouring, to be immediately incorpo- I rated into mi industrious and proaparou* com- VOL. XXXI -NEW SERIES-- VOL-VII.—NO. 50. munity, in tho bosom of which they find poli tical and religious liberty, social position, em ployment, and bread. It is a fact which would defy belief, were it not the result of officiul inquiry, that the immi grants to the United States from Ireland alone, besides having subsisted themselves, have sent back their kindred for the three last years near ly five millions ot dollar* annually; thus doub ling in three years the purchase money ot Lou isiana. Such is the tou itoiial development of the U. States in the past century. Is it possible that Europe can contemplate it with an unfriendly or jealous eye i What would have been her con dition in these trying years but for the outlet we have furnished to her starving millions ? Spain, meantime, has retained of her extensive dominions in this hemisphere but the two islands of Cuba and Porto Rico. A respectful sympa thy wtth the fortune* of an aneieni ally and a gallant people, with whom the United States have ever maintained the most friendly relations, would, if no other reason existed make it our duty to leave her in the undisturbed possession of this little remnant of her mighty transatlantic empire. The President desires to do so; no word or deed of his will everquestion her title or shake her possession. But can it be expected to last very long ? Can it resist this mighty current in the fortunes of the world ? Is it desirable that it should do so ? Can it he for the interest ol Spain to cling to a possession that can only be maintained by a garrison oftwenty-five or thir ty thousand troops, a powerful naval foreo, and an annual expenditure lor both arms of the ser vice of at least twelve millions of dollars ? Cuba at thir moment costs more to Spain than the en tire naval and military establishments of the United States costs the Federal Government. So far from being really injured by the loss ol this island, there is no doubt that, were it jieace lullv transferred to the United States a prosper ous commerce Iretwen Cpoa amUSpagi, rasujtmg hni'loAe en.lj common laUßlinge. and tastes, would be rar more proaue....: ’.ban the best contrived system of colonial taxation. Such notoriously has been the result to Great Britain of the establishment of the independence of the United States. The decline of Spain from the position which she held in the time ol Charles the Fifth is coeval with the foundation of her colonial system; while within twenty-five years, and since the loss of most of her colonies, she has entered upon a course of rapid improvement unknown since the abdication of that Emperor. I will but allude to an evil of the first magni tude —I mean the African slave trade—in the suppression of which England and France take a lively interest; an evil which still forms a great reproach upon the civilization of christen dom, and perpetuates the barbarism of Africa ; but for which, it is to be feared, there is no hope of a complete remedy while Cuba remains a Spanish colony. But, whatever may be thought of these- last suggestions,it would seem impossible for any one, who reflects upon the events glanced at in this note, to mistake the law of American growth and progress, or think it can be ultimately arres ted by a convention like that proposed. In the judgement of the President, it would be as easy to throw a dam from Cape Florida to Cuba, in the hope of stopping the flow of the Gulfstream, as to attempt by a compact like this to .fix the fortunes of Cuba, “ now and for hereafter;” or, as expressed in the French text of the conven tion “ for the present as tor the future, (pour le present comme pour Pavcnir;) that is, for all com ing time. The history of the past—of the re cent past—affords no assurance that twenty years hence France or England will even wish that Spain should retain Cuba; and a century hence, judging of what will be from what has been, the pages which record this proposition will, like the record of the family compact between France and Spain, have no interest but for the antiquary. Even now the President cannot doubt that both France and England would prefer any change in the condition of Cuba to that which is most to be apprehended, viz. an internal con vulsion which should renew the horrors and the fate of San Domingo. I will intimate a final objection to the propos ed convention. Lord Malmesbury and M. de Turgot put forward as the reason for entering into such a compact ‘the attacks which have lately been made on the Island ot Cuba by law less bands of adventurers from the United States, with the avowed design of taking possession of that island.” The President is convinced that the conclusion of such a treaty, instead of put ting a stop to these lawless proceedings, would give a new and powerful impulse to them. It would strike a de >th blow to the conservative policy hitherto pursued in this country toward Cuba. No Administration of this Government, however strong in the public confidence in other respects, could stand a day under the odium of having stipulated with the great Powers cf Eu rope that, in no future time, under no change of circumstances; by no amicable arrangement with Spain ; by no act of lawful war, should that ca lamity unfortunately occcur; by no consent of the inhabitants of tho Island, should they, like the possessions of Spain on the American conti nent, succeed in rendering HiemseL pltoservotionpShutCtTT<ie i.’inreS-ff-V the acquisition of Cuba. For these reasons, which the President has thought it advisable, considering the importance of the subject, to direct me to unfold at’some length, he feels constrained to decline, respect fully, the invitation of England and France to become parties to the proposed convention. He is persuaded that these friendly Powers will not attribute this refusal to any insensibility on his part to the advantages of the utmost harmony between the great maritime States on a subject of such importance. As little will Spain draw any unfavorable inference from this refusal; the rather, as the emphatic disclaimer of any designs against Cuba on the pnrt of this Government contained in the present note, affords all the as surance which the President can constitutionally, or to any nselul purpose, give of a practical con currence with England and France in the wish not to disturb the possession of that island by Spain. I avail myself, sir, of this opportunity to as sure you of my distinguished consideration. EDWARD EVERETT. The Late Dkflohablb Railroad Accident. —The Manchester Daily Mirror, of Thursday evening, contains a lettei from Rev. Mr. Fuller, of Lawrence, who was a passenger in the cars, from which we quote the following ; Two incidents among the many terribla ones, are especially present to my memory. On the bank sat a mother, (Mrs. Stokes, of this city.) clasping her little boy of some three or four years ofage ; he had been rescued from the ruin which had strewn the rock with splintered fragments, and her person was considerably binned by the fire, but she was thedding tears of gratitude over the rescued child, and rejoicing in his safety unmindful of her own pain. But a few step* from her 1 saw the most ap palling scene of all. There was another mo ther, who«e agony passed beyond any descrip tion. She could shed no tears, bat overwhelmed with grief, uttered such affecting words as 1 ne ver can forget. It was Mrs. Pierce, the lady of the President elect; and near her, in that ruin ol shivered wood and iron, lay a more terrible ruin,her only son, one minute before so beauti ful, so full of life and hope. She wa* supported by her husband and Prof. Packard. General Pierce was himself bruised in the back, but not severely and the wounds of the spirit far exceed any bodily suffering ; yet, while deeply affected, he showed all the self possession and nerve which only characterizes great-heart ed and noble men, and which few would mani fest under similar circnmstances. He gave all needful directions about the recovery of his lit tle boy, still entangled in the wreck about him, and then afforded all that comfort and sympathy to his partner in sorrow which was appropriate to the time. She was conveyed to a house near, and there she gave vent to the grief which rent her heart, while he consoled and comforted. I may not draw the veil from that picture.— Sacred is the holy privacy of sorrow, and the haart* of those who have suffered can feel what my pen must describe. Soon we were able to convey the wounded and the dead to the nearest house, which hap pened to be that connected with the poor-farm in Andover, where every possible kindness and attention were rendered. Go with me, Mr. Editor, to that house, and look with me awhile on that scene of suffering and sorrow. In one room were Gen. Pierce and his lady, in the op posite apartment lay the mortal remains of their little boy—and oh 1 so sad a sight I The blow, by which ho was instantly killed, struck his forehead, and was so violent as to remove the upper portion of the head, leaving a part of the brain exposed. The face with the exception of a bruise about the right eye, still remained un injured, but bathed in blood. Gen. Pierce and lady, meanwhile, retired to the house of Mr. Aiken. In the same room was a lady, Mrs. Newell, of Hillsborough considerably bruised and her face cut. Her little daughter, twelve years of age, lay near, with her foot so lady injured that amputation will be necessary. Sho bore her pains «we«tly and patiently. In another room Mr. Kittredge, of Pelman, lay with his leg bro ken. and a Mr. Childs, of Henniker, sat bravely up, though with his face covered with blood.— Otheismuch bruised had gone on in the train which returned for us from Lawrence. Every attention which could possibly be paid to those injured was given at this house, where most of the wounded were carried. The physicians were prompt in their services, culm, kind, and, so far a* one out of the profession can judge, ju dicious. After the head of the little boy had been tenderly cared for by the physicians, and all possible done to restore the look of life, he > was carried by us to the house where his parents were. I shall never forget the look of , extreme pain that child’s face wore; and yet f there was something resigned and tender im i pressed by the awful hand of death. He was • not cold when he was in the room of Mr. Ai kin’* house, dressed just as he had been at the i moment of tho calamity. The form which bad I left the house but little more than an hour be- - fore, full of life and happiness, with a heart full -of hop* and bright aspiration*, was born back to those who had parted from him—that heart now hushed and still—that form motionless, and the limbs, fast growing rigid under the icy touch of death. The Boston Traveler says: There ia a difference of opinion among those who were present, as to the cause of this dread ful disaster. One of tho passenger* informs us that in hi* opinion it was the breaking of fe wheel, rather than axle, that led to the Occur rence. The train, which consisted of the loco motive. tender, had one passenger car, was un der verjr rapid headway; and tho coupling was broken and th* car thrown from the track so suddenly, that the pazsengers had scarcely a warning of the destruction that threatened them The car was whirled from the embankment with great volosity, and wrenched in two ap parently before it struck the ground at the foot of the embankment, which was covered with sharp and rough atones. In the fall it was liter ally shattered into pieces. There was a coal fire burning in a stove in the car, and this aggravated the circumstances of tho accident, teeveral persons—one, mentioned above, severely—having been burned by the scattered coals. The escape of so many, with trifling or no injury, was almost miraculous. — Mr. Pierce elapsed his wife in his arms upon the instant that tho overthrow of the car was seen to be inevitable, and called to his son, who was near, and who was approaching him when the final catastrophe occurred, by which he was cash into eternity. It is not known how the lad was killed, but his head was shockingly mangled, and Iris death must have been instantaneous. (From the Columhus Enquirer.) 11 Important Law Caso.” We seldom notice the proceedings of our Courts, and would not make this instance an ex ception but that we apprehend that an article in the Tiuiaz of the— ult. may area!" an uurwcec- . sary alarm ujtou th»*>ar* of 4Ull..hyJ<foi» <>£ tj.t: ttanr ci ...... ........ interest of persons who havo tbu* Jong held tfo. bills of the Bank with an unwavering confidence in the integrity of its chief officer, John G. Winter, who ha* already appeared before the public not only pledging the ability of the Bank to redeem its issues, but further pledging his large private property until every dollar of the Bank issues should be redeemed. That Mr. Winter has so far redeemed his promise i* ap parent from the fact that even under the panic which necessarily succeeds all Bank failures and more particularly Columbus Banks, the Bills still maintain a value of 70 cents. Admonish ed, as the public has been of this irresponsibility by the rapid depreciation Os the Bills of the Bank of Columbus, Planters’ & Mechanics’ Bank, Chattahoochee Railroad and other Banks that have ceased to redeem their issues in former times, it is self-evident that the conduct of the chief officer of the Bank of St. Marys, in the management of it* concerns as well before as since its failure has been such as to inspire a confidence hitherto unknown in similar cases. Believing ourselves that this confidence is not misplaced, we feel it a duty to admonish Bill holder*, not to allow the decision referred to, in any manner to abate their confidence in the ulti mate redemption of the Bills. In order that the public may have our reasons for giving this ad monition and be themselves the judges of the correctness of our conclusions, we publish a more detailed statement of the case that the whole facts of the case and the true importance of the derision may be considered. In 1841, or 42, when Air. Winter first came to Columbus, the city was inundated with shin plasters ol our own corporation at a depreciation of 50 per cent. Specie could not be retained with the circulating medium causing a constant draw of specie and leaving a worthless currency the only medium of exchange in business trans actions of small amount. This currency was displaced by what were and are dommonly known as “ Winter’s shinplasters,” these started at a par value which they have to this day main tained because the several Banks of the city, the St. Marys, as well as the other Bank* received and paid them out at par as they do, we believe to this day. The issuing of these Bill was doubt less a violation of law, and while we do not justify it, we cannot in justice to the parties in terested and the public, refrain from saying that they were endorsed by public approbation—the Times to tho contrary notwithstanding. In view of the inevitable necessity that ushered them into existence, for ten years these Bills have been, we may say, the circulating medium of this community and that they have been of vast benefit to small dealers who continued to receive them, and the results have proven that public confidenca was not misplaced, for every dollar has been promply paid a* presented and this irresponsible issue has survived every Bank: that started in the race of competition for public confidence, (we do not include Bank agencies, for we have still some of the old »tanc'ing_ not at all impaired bv the ravages of time. We refer to some local Banks.) The Bank of St. Marys in common with the other Banks of the city aa we have before said redeemed these Bills on deposit and paid them out in making coange M 'vvlririaff, of Russel; i-i. quest of P. A. Clayton, the informer iu ’his raw presented at the counter of the Bank of St. Alary. l . ” one hundred dollars in large Bills asking for change. Mr. Tailman, the Teller, handed him change in small Bills of the »aid John G. Win ter, commonly known a* change Bills. These Bills were then returned by Coleman to Clayton and at his request Coleman endorsed his initials on each and every Bill. Mr. Clayton then com menced his prosecution, qui fam under the stat ute of 1835, which makes it penal for any person z or corporation to issue, emit, pay out, tender in payment, pass and circulate money or any draft note, ticket or paper purporting to be a Bank Bill or having the semblance or appearance ol a Bank Kill of this State or any other State. Upen the trial the witness, Colman was in troduced who proved the Bills as before stated and without any evidence except of the single transaction referred to, without showing any connection of the Bank of St. Marys, with the issuing, emitting, paying out, or circulating these Bill® as money. The jury under the charge of the Court found a verdict against the Bank for $47,500 notwithstanding the releiving act of 1812, which declares that the act referred to shall not include innocent holders, but that the maker of the note shall not be released by the provi sions of the act. The case is now in preparation for the Supremo Court to be holden on the 4th Monday in Janu ry, and notwithstanding the defendants under the provisions of our law might have another trial by a special jury,so confident are they of re versing the case upon pointe of law ruled against del'endent by Judge Iverson, who prerided in the case, that they intend to seek the issue before the Supreme Court, without availing themselves of the second trial. We are not lawyer enough to state technically, the points to be carried up, or their legal force, but according to our understanding of them from hearing the arguments. They comprise several exceptions to the charge of the Court, and among other things they rely on the repeal of the act of 1835, by several acts passed between 1835 and 1842 ; and the express remission of all fines and penalties incurred un der any act of the State of Georgia in relation to change Bills. Defendant has able counsel, and they seem to feel entire confidence in reversing the decision and dismissing the case. We have no interest in this mattei, except as citizens of Columbus, and in view of all the circumstances attending this case, the necessity in which tho creation of these bills originated, and the fact that if the law is against the defendant its effect ia to embarrass the Bank to the extent of $47,- 500 in redeeming it* pledge to the public, are free to say that we regret the decision; for if this is an offence to be thus punished,every cit izen of Columbus and every Bank Agency in tbe city is equally amenable to the statute; for it will be remembered that the verdict is founded upon evidence of paying out these bills on one oecasion only. And where i» the Bank or cit izen that hath not done likewise ? We do not know how others might answer, but we fear for ourselves we should plead guilty, on several occasions. Lovers or Justice. Supreme Court. —Alinute of point* decided by the Supreme ite session yesterday? No. 2.—Geo. W. Persons, Plff. in error, vs. Gabriel Jones, Deft, in error.— MsumyesU from Columbia Superior Ceurt. 1. The doctrine, that a party who transfers a promisory note for value, warrrants, by implica tion, that it is genuine and free from defect which would make it worthless, reaffirmed. 3. In a case where the statute of limitations is pleaded, and fraud is proved by the plaintiff, the statute only begins to run from the time when the fraud is discovered. 3. Although the record of another case between the plaintiff and the maker of the note transfer red be given in evidence by the plaintiff—held that the statement in the plea of usury, that tho plaintiff knew of the usury when ho received the note, was no evidence of such knowledge. Judgement below reversed. E. H. Pottle for plaintiff in error—A. J. Mil ler for defendant in error. We learn that the concluding argument in the case of Cody, pltf.,lvs. Quartenan, f xecuior, deft, in error, will be made this morning by the Hon. John AL Berrien for plaintiff. The Court, adjourned to 10 o’clock this morn ing.—Sat». Rep., 12M inst Supreme Court or Georgia.—The conclu ding argument in No. 4 was made yesterday, and the next and last case wa* taken up and ar gued on both sides. The Court then adjourned to 11 A. AL, to-day, when it is supposed decis i ionswill be pronounced in Nos. 3,4, and 5, and ( that the Court will adjourn for the term.—-Sa i vannah Republican, I'Jth inst. IS Boston, .Tan. 12. Election of Governor in ilaisuchuietls.— Air. ' Cliflbid, whig, was elected Governor of Maaaa- I chusetts to-day, by the Legialature. In the - House the vote stood Clifford, whig, 146, Bi*h -1 op, dem., 84 ; Mann, freesoil, fll. In the Sen- J at« the vote wa* Clifford, 29, Bishop 4.