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THE WOMEN OF F.NGLAN% WOMEN. OF AMERId^T the White Slaves of Great Britain. DONALD M‘LEOD‘B LETTER. Mm. Ex-Presicjcnt John Tyler to the Dutchess of Southerland and Others. \Fro>mhtt Richmond Enquirer, Jan. 28.] T 0 THE DUTCHESS QF SUTHERLAND AND THE LADIES OF ENGLAND. Your address to your sisters, the women of tlie United States, on the subject of domestic slave ry, as it exists among us, which has appeared in <»iir public journals, should be acknowledged by some One of the vast number of those to whom it is addressed, without awaiting the publication of the more formal communication. There are some of the concerns of life in which conven tionalities are properly to he disregarded, and this is one of them. A reply to your address must necessarily be the work of some one indi vidual among us, or must go altogether unper formed. Woman, In the United States, with but few exceptions, coniines herself within that sphere for which the God who created her seems to have designed her. Her cirsle is, literally and emphatically, that of her family; and such she is content that it shall be. Within that circle her influence is felt over the relations of life, as wife, mother, mistress—and as she discharges the duty of one, or all of these relations, so is she respected or otherwise. To cast a doubt upon her fidelity in any one of them is to excite against her thejodium of the community, and, in a great measure, to dethrone her from her high position. She knows nothing of political con ventions, or conventions ol any other sort than such as are held under suitable pastors of the church, and are wholly directed to the advance ment of the Christian religion. Such is empha tically the case with the women of the Southern States. Do you wish to see them, you must vis it their homes. Do you desire to ascertain the nature of their employments, you must enter tljeir family circles, and, believe me, good sisters of England”, you would fihd in their Christian deportment, and perfect amiability of manners, enough at once to inspire you with the most ex alted respect and esteem. You might find no splendid vestments of dress, no glittering dia monds, no aristocratic displays. No, the vest ments they wear are those of meekness and charity, their diamonds are gems of the heart, and their splendor the neatness, and order, and contentment, which everywhere greets the eye ; and that neatness, that order, and that content ment, is in nothing more observable than in the well clothed and happy domestics who welcome your arrival, and heap upon you every comfort during your sojourn under the roofs of their mas ters. You will see then how utterly impossible it would be to expect the women of the United States to assemble in convention, either in person or l»y proxy, in Order to frame an answer to your address. Nay, 1 must, moreover, in all frank ness, declare to you, that the women of the South, especially, have not received your address in the kindest spirit. They regard it as entirely incompatible with all confidence in or consider ation lor them, to invoke the interposition of the women of what are called the free Slates, in a matter with which they have no more to do than have yourselves, and whose interference in the question can produce no other effect than to excite disturbance, and agitation, and ill-will, and possibly, in the end, a total annihilation of kind feeling between geographical sections. It is the province of the women ol the Southern States to preside over the domestic economy of the estates anil plantations ot their husbands — it is emphatically their province to vis it the sick, and attend to the comfort of all the laborers upon such estates, and it islelt to be but a poor compliment to the women ol'the fouth to sup ponse it necessary to introduce other superinten dence than their own over the condition of their dependants and servants. They see, too, or fan cy they see, in the fact that the address which you have made them was handed to you, already prepared for signature, by the editors of the newspaper press of England, and that, according to the admission of the Duchess of Sutherland in her opening address to your convention, your convention itself is but the offspring of the same political newspaper press—l say. they see enough in all this to excite not their sympathies but their apprehensions. They also see, or fancy that they see, in your movement, the lingers of your greatest statesmen. The Countess of Der by, Ihe Viscountess Palmerston, the Countess of Carlisle, Lady John Russel, not to mention others of distinction, and notoriety, would scarce ly be complimented by a supposition that they liad signed or openly approved such an address without the concurrence of their husbands. The women of the Southern States are, for the most part, well educated; indeed, they yield not in this respect to any females on earth, and they have peculiar opportunities of acquiring know ledge in regard to the public concerns of the world. Politics is almost universally the theme of conversation among the men, in all their co teries and social gatherings, and the women would be stupid indeed, if they did not gather much information from this abundant source. Hence they are not ignorant of the rapid growth of their beloved country, or of the promises of its early future. Their mothers knew this land when it contained but three millions of inhabi tants, and numbered but thirteen States. Their children know it now ns the great confederated republic whose population already equals 20,- 0(10,000, and whose dominions are washed by the waters of two oceans. Believe me, that its magnitude now, and its importance in the fu ture, is as fully known to the women of the United Stfttes, as it is to your husbands, and eili ters, and wtosaun. Our census tables hliow a Ttipnr«n-.m of oni'/population in every cycle ot Twenty-three years ; so that by the time theiu *mit now in the cradle shall have attained to the "TPjgct' of sianhoe-vthat popfilalhni will'aiA* in creased to Vo.000,000; and by the tinftethnt t -<ii •••«* HUtB'S W OIUJII into Too"”"0,00tr. We need go no farther in the estimate, in order to unveil that immense futm. which lies before us—a future, unrivalled in phint of power by anything the world has heretofore aeon—a future which already fixes up on it the intense and steadfast gaze of the states men of other countries—a future which unfolds a new destiny, a happier and a brighter one, I 1 rust, Ibijthe human family—a future to be regar ded with rapture by the lover ol man, and which may cause privilege to shiver amt trem ble with fear in all its fibres and arteiies. 1 al lude not to any power of the sword. No, i allude so a power more resistless, and more certain in its results—the power of example—the example of a free, prosperous and great people, among whom all artificial dis tinctions of society are unknown ; where preferment is equally open to all, and man’s capacity for self-government is recognized and conclusively established. The women of the United States foresee all this, and they also thoroughly comprehend the fact that all confed eracies have heretofore, in the history of the world, been broken up and destroyed by the machinations of foreign governments; and if such has been the fate of other ton fed racies, how much more vigilant ought we to bo, to guard against the filial results which have attended on others, and to look with suspicion, come lrom what quarter it may, on all interference in our domestic concerns. If the Achaian and other leagues could not withstand the machinations of the powers of their day, how truly sensitive plight we to be on a point which proved so fatal to them; and it the foreign States, by whom such confederacies were surrounded, felt it to be due 1;o their own safety to destroy them by their machinations, have we not reason te suppose thata tenfold interest is found in our case, in \ inw'of the rapid growth of the United States, and iu-the ymly developemont of that future which will clothe this country with all the ele ments ot control in the atfairs of the world? Government's and countries which are now look ed upon as stars ot the first magnitude, will, ere long, if the United Slates roll on in their present orbit, be secondary and tertiary in the political hemisphere. This is quite as thoroughly kuown by us as by you, women of England, and there fore you should not be in the slightest degree sur prised at the suspicion with which your address is regarded by all the thinking women, not only of the South, but ot the whole Union. We know that there is but one subject on which there is a possibility ot the hark ofthis Union— a possibility, however, which I trust is very re mote—and to that very subject you have given your attention; and not only so, hut have sub scribed an address, not prepared by yourselves, as the emancipation of your own susceptible hearts, but the admitted production of the news- j taper press of England,’which affects a maw kish sensibility on a subject with which it has nothing properly to do, and all for ends which every reflecting person cannot fail to under stand. Nor is this suspicion in any degree removed by the fact on which you predicate your ad diess, viz.: the fact that your country inflicted on her then colonies the “curse” of slavery in oppo sition to their frequent and solemn protests. In the historical fact you are certainly correct.— The colony of Virginia, and, I believe, most of the other colonies, were constant and earnest in ther remonstrances; and one of the causes set forth in the Declaration of Independence, as pre pared and written by a son of Virginia, was a continuance of the slave trade by the mother country in despite of all remonstrance on the part of the colonies. Thus, then , England not only permitted but encouraged the slave trade, for a period of a century and a half, as a means of swelling her coffers; and the infamous traffic could only be expelled from this country by the force and power of the sword. Your Kings and Queens, sustained by your Parliament and peo ple, entered into treaties, and formed contracts, for the purpose of reaping a rich harvest of pro fit from the trade—and the voice of the slave dealer on the shores of Africa was perfect music in their ears, because it was the music of gold told into the . treasury, and all merry England danced with joy at the pleasant sound. You have been well informed, doubtless, of the trea ties made by your Queen Anne, of “ blessed memory,” and the crown of Spain, which stipu lated a monopoly of the trade in close jrartner ship between those royal personages, to the ex clusion of all the world beside. Yes, you are al together correct in ascribing whatever there is of immorality or crime, in the present condition of the Southern States, to your own England. The colonies remonstrated, and remonstrated in vain, until driven to desperation by her per severance, they severed the bonds that hound them to England, and established their inde pendence, and abolished the slave trade by their only resource, the power of the sword.— The great slave market, in which England had enjoyed a monopoly, was thus lost to her; and from that moment she began to discover that there was something rather immoral in the traf fic. Before, the slave ship was a stately argosy laden with treasure. The groans of its unhappy victims could not be heard above the surges ot jhe ocean. Scon after, a faint.cry could be heart, t * .-V" • - ' i borne on the winds from Africa’s coast: and now, the Parliament House resounds with; the clanking of the ebairis and the cries of the vic tims. Such the jtaighty influence of the Ameri can Revolution,, and suchjthe power of the sword wielded in that ever glorious struggle. I desire to tell you; women of England, plainly, that your address, prepared not by yourselves, but by oth ers, comes, therefore, to us. laden with suspi cions, when you advert, as tyo groundwork of your interference with our domestic institutions,. to the fact of the lo«ncr criminality of England, with a continuance of a monopoly of tire trade over our broad acres up to the present day, have clothed herself in sackcloth and ashes, as she now has done? Where was her humanity and her Christian philanthropy for the long period ol 150 years? Our ancestors on this side of the Atlantic thundered, through their remonstrances, at the doors of the Parliament House, and at the gates of her royal palaces—and yet, for all that long period, she had no ears to hear, no heart to understand. No sympathy, and no philanthro py, such as now exists, found place in the stately palace. How has happened all this? It would be well for you to inquire. Doubtless some of your distinguished husbands can give you plaus ible explanations—at least such as will content politicians on your side of the water. The edi tors of the newspaper press can come again to your aid ; but will it be an easy task to convince us that the people of the present generation are better, more moral and more Christian, than all who have gone before them—that your right reverend bishops and prelates are more pure and orthodox than all their predecessors—that your kings and queens, your nobles and gentry, are influenced by a higher spirit of Christianity than all who have preceded them—that your statesmen of the present day are superior, in moral excellencies, to those illustrious men who shaped the destinies of England in past times, and left to history undying names ? It will be a very, very difficult matter, to furnish us with satisfactory reasons for this great and sudden conversion of a whole people, after losing the American market, on the subject of the slave trade—and we, women of the United States, must ever receive with suspicion all interfer ence in our domestic affairs on the part of the noble ladies of England, or any portion of her inhabitants. Such interference implies either a want of proper and becoming conduct on our part in the management of our negroes, or it seeks to enlist the sympathies of the world against us. Your own address, (I have the char ity to suppose that it was written in ignorance of the fact, as it is,) represents the Southern States as denying to their slaves all religious in struction —a calumny more false was never ut . tered. So far from it, no Sabbath goes by that j the places of worship are not numerously attofd* ' ed by the black population-edifying discoiSw*- are delivered to them, and often by colored pas tors, and large numbe rs ~°f them are’ ill coinmu nfOn with the churches. And yet your tears are made to flow lreely over the sad and melan choly privations of the children of Africa, to whom the bread oflife is represented as denied. Your assertion could only have been derived from some dealer in, and retailer of, fiction. It is known how readily woman’s heart responds to either real or Imaginary distress; and when woman joins in the concerns ol the busy world, how readily hersympathies become excited by an artificial, as well as a real, picture of human suffering. This sympathy, which makes her the gem of creation, rather disqualifies her as a legislator, and subjects her to be made the in strument of the designing. One fact is incon trovertible, and I recommend it to the conside ration of the Duchess of Sutherland, and her compeers of high and low degree : that England, when she had the power to prevent the intro duction of negroes into the United States, most obstinately refused to do it; but now that she is deprived of her authority, either to advise or dictate, she sighs and sheds tears, and complains over the injustice and the wrong. The croeo .dile, good sisters of England, is said to cry most piteously; but woe to the unhappy traveller who is beguiled by its tears ! I have thus attempted to deal candidly with you in disclosing some of the grounds of the sus picions, which, in the estimation of many, attach to your proceedings. I will go further, and in form you that it is belter for both you and us that we abstain, in future, from all possible in terference with each other in the domestic con cerns ol our respective countries. In the first place, such interference comes with ill grace from either of us, and can be received with no favor. In morals we believe ourselves quite your equals, and, therefore, it sounds harshly in our ears to be admonished by you of our sins, leal or imagi nary. There is a proud heart in the American breast, which rebels against all assumption on the part of others, although they may wear du cal coronets, or be considered tire stars of fashions in foreign courts. Manage your own a I lairs as best you may, and leave us to manage outs as we may think proper. Each of us will find abundant employment in the performance of oui respective duties. If you wish a suggestion as to the suitable occupation ol your idle hours, 1 will point you to the true field for your philan thropy—the unsnpplied wants of your own peo ple of England. In view of your palaces, there is misery and suffering enough to excite your most active sympathies. I remember to have seen lately, that there were in the city of Lon don alone 100,000 persons who rose in the morn ing without knowing where or how they were to obtain their “daily bread,” and I remember, also, somewhere to have seen that the Eleemo synary establishment of England costs annually ;C10,000,000 sterling—a sum greater than that expended by this frugal and economical gov- eminent ol ours, with its army ami navy, and ci il and diplomatic list. Surely, surely,here is a field large enough for the, ejtnrclfc „[■ tha m'at generous sympatiiy, the’ roost unbounded Go, rfir good fill terns®, of Sutherland, op an emlwssy of mercy to the |joor,' l h v 1 r 'ckt|| the hungry and the naned 01. vour o wff I wtpnrtjtfx ot'-ymrrernnrmous wealth; a single jewel from , your hair, a single gem from your dress, would relieve many e jv>or female of England, who is now cold, and shi.vering, and destitute. . Enter the abode of desolation and Want, and cause squalid wrethchedness to put on one smile of comfort, perhaps the fust one which has lighted up its face for a life-time. Leave it to the wo men of the South to alleviate the sufferings of their dependents, while you take care of your own. The negro of the South lives sumptuous ly in comparison with the 100,000 of the white population of London. He is clothed warmly in winter, and has his meat twice daily without stint of bread. Have your working men, wo men and children as well clothed, and as well fed, and then go to the serfs of Russia and the negroes of America. No, I recant the advice. To the serfs ol Russia you will not go. That is an European affair—the affair of a high and imperial monarch, and of a rich and power ful aristocracy. The poor serf may toil and la bor, and stretch his heart strings until they crack in agony, and yet the noble ladies of En gland will express no sympathy for him, and present no address to their sisters of Russia upon the subject of serfdom. You will in no event disturb yourselves with the past, present, or future condition ol the serf. The newspaper press would admonish you of the danger of interfering in that quarter, and the Emperor Nicholas will go unquestioned as to the manner and extent of his royal sway. But, l return to your subject—the state of slavery in our Southern States—and I tell you, that you aie mistaken in supposing that the Southern heart is different from ypur own in its sympat hies and emotions. Believe me, that the human heart is quite as susceptible with us as with you. Moral ists, and dealers in fiction, may overdraw and give false coloring, as they are licensed todo; but be not deceived into the belief that the heart of man or woman, on this side of the Atlantic is either more obdurate or cruel, than on yours. There is no reason, then, why you should leave your fellow subjects in misery at home, in order to take your seat by the side of the black man on the plantations of America. Even if you are horror-stricken at the highly colored picture of human distress, incident to the separation of husband and wife, and parents, and children, un der our system of negro slavery—a thing, by the way of rare occurrence among us, and then attended by peculiar circumstances—you have no occasion to leave your own land for a similar, and still harsher, and more unjust exercise of authority. (Jo, and arrest the proceedings of your Admiralty ! Throw your charities between them and the press-gang ! He has fought the bat tles of England all over the seas. He was at the Nile. He bled and conquered at Trafalgar. He caught yotir gallant Nelson in his arms as he was falling on the bloody deck; received his last breath, and consigned his remains to the bosom of St. Paul’s Cathedral. He has made England what she is, great and powerful. Shall he not, after all this, be permitted to enjoy the sunshine of home, with his wife and little ones, for a single day ? He has perrilled his life for England—he has returned from a five years’ ab sence in distant seas—his wife and children look with rapture upon his weather-beaten countenance—he holds the loved ones in his embrace—but the press-gang comes, and his fit ful dream of happiness is over. If he resists, there are fetters for his limbs! If he talks of England’s proudly boasted common law, there is no law for him. Magna Charta is farce, and the Petition of Right a mockery, as far as he is concerned. Go, sisters of England, to your Queen, your Prime Minister, your Parliaments, and your courts, and ask their interference to arrest this moral and political iniquity, and you will be told, “Woman should have no concern with politics—back to your drawing-rooms and nurseries.” For another subject quite as fruitful of sym pathy, I need not only refer you to the condi tion of Ireland, with its population but recently starving for food, which was freely supplied from our granaries, and at this moment craving mercy from avaricious landlords, who, to extend the area of grazing lands, are levelling their humble cottages to the ground, and sending them forth to die upon the public highways. Women of England 1 go thither with your tender charities. There, on the roadside, sinks an attenuated and exhausted mother, still straining her perishable child to her breast, while the unhappy husband and father, himself foodless and raimentless, sheds drops of agony over the heart-rending scene. Spare from the well-fed negroes of these States one drop of your superabounding spmpathy, to pour into that bitter cup which is overrunning witli sorrow and with tears. Poor, suffering, down-trodden Ireland ! land of poetry and song, of noble feeling and generous emotions —birth place of the warrior, the statesman, the orator— there is no -room for you in the sympathizing hearts of the women of England. Let the Celtic aace be driven by starvation, from the land of their fathers, and its exodus would be regarded, not with sorrow, but with joy and gladness by the secret heart of England. “Religious tolera tion” is but an unmeaning phrase with the peo ple of Great Britain—it extends not beyond the lips. A great difference in creed has been the death-blow to Ireland. I reason nqt with you on the subject of our domestic institutions. Such as they are, they are ours. “We fear the Greeks though bearing , presents.” Never was adage more applicable— \ although professing friendship and sympathy, i we cannot consent that England shall mix her- , self up with our concerns. We prefer to work ■ out our own destiny- When she might nave (lone so she gave not relief. We asked her for bread, and she gave us a stone. The African, under her policy, and by her lawß, became pro pel ty. That property has descended from fath er to sou, and constitutes a large part of South ern wealth. We desire no intrusion of Advice as to our individual property rights, at home or abroad. We meddle not with your laws of pri mogeniture and entail, although they are ob noxious to our notions of justice, and are in vio lation of the laws of nature. Would the noble ladies of England feel no resentment if We should address them upon these subjects? And yet is there a certainty that our voice would not be heard by the toiling landless millions, in fa vor of a system which we consider more wise, more just and more consistent with the holy word of God ? We, however, preach no cru sade against the aristocratic establishments. It is enough for us that we do not allow them to exist among ourselves. We are content to leave England in the free enjoyment of her pe culiar institutions; and we insist upon the right to regulate ours without her aid. I pray you to bearfin mind that the golden rule oflife is for each to attend to his own buriuess and let his neighbor’s alone! This means peace, love, friendship. The opposite means hatred, ill-will, contention. It destroys the peace of neighbor hoods. and is the fruitful cause of discord among nations. I must also say to you frankly, that we regard England as an indifferent adviser on the subject of negro slavery. Her states manship, if it be judged by her course of policy in regard to the West India Islands, would give her no exalted position ; unless, indeed, ianati cism be a wise and sound policy. No, we pre fer to follow our own conception of what is pro per for us to do. Our eyes are turned across the ocean, not in the direction of England, but to Africa. The footprints of our policy are seen in the colonies there established, already become independent States—in the voluntary emanci pation of slaves by our citizens as preparatory of emigration to Africa—a course ol emancipa tion which from 1790 to 1800, has increased our table in Virginia, of free persons in the ratio of 301 per cent, while the white population has only increased 102} per cer cent, and the slaves but 04 J per cent. These interesting statistics I extract from a memorial recently presented to the Legislature of Virginia, asking additional : aid ?o further the colonization of freed negroes ( in Liberia. Thus we seek to retribute the i wrongs done by England to Africa, by return ing civilization lor barbarism—Christianity for idolatry. We desire no such boon as England bestowed on her islands—no blight so abiding, no mildew so destructive—no ultimate war be tween the races, no bloody, desolating, and fi nally annihilating. Steam is conquering dis tance, and Africa will be brought nearer and nearer to our shores with each revolving year— and the results of a policy, at once wise and discreet, commencing with slaveholding Vir . giuia, and extensively adopted by the people of the United States, will claim, sooner or later, the admiration of mankind. America might love England if England would permit her. A common descent, a com mon language, mutual interests, and, to a great extent, a common heritage of freedom, should draw the two nations together. The disposi tion of the Southern mind, (I speak what Ido know) is to cultivate the closest friendship with England. Nearly all of the Southern people are descendants of the first settlers. They have kindred blood, almost unmixed by emigration, flowing in their veins. Their interests lead them to {cherish the principles of free trade.— Their cotton, their rice, and other productions of the soil, find extensive maikets in Great Britain. They would have them still more free —still more widely open. For myself, when I have visited England, it has been with emotions of reverence, growing out of the recollections of the historic page. Westminister Abby, with its undying memorials—the noble monuments of the past scattered over the face of the coun try—the very ruins spoke of an ancestry alike dear to the American and Englishman. My intermixture of Scotch blood, derived from a leader of two Scottish clans, who lost life, cas tle and estate in the wars of King Charlie, with the pure Anglo-Saxon, in no degree abated my ardor and enthusiasm, when I looked upon these mementoes of the mighty past, in which so many ol us here claim a common interest with you. But, if England will sever these ties ; if, instead of cultivating good feeling with us, she chooses rather to subject us to taunt, to ridicule, to insult in the grossest form; and, above all, improperly to interfere in our domestic affairs; if she scatters her nobility among us, first to share our hospitality and then to abuse us ; if, what is still worse, she sends her emissaries, in the persons of members of Parliament, to stir up our people to mutiny and revolt; if, which is quite as objectionable, her public press shall in cite her -women, and the more illustrious for birth the Worse ft makes the matter, to address us homilies pn justice, humanity and philanthro py, as if we had not, like themselves, the advan tage of civilization, and the lights of Christiani ty, with all the desire to cultivate relations of undying amity, the men of the United States, deriving their spirit from their mothers and their wives, may be foiced into the adoption ol a very different feeling with regard to Great Britain. Julia Gardine<i v Tyler. i Sherwood Forest, Virginia, Jan. 24,|1853. Chinese Oaths. I cisco Hmntei, a brief report of a case txi*d ift I il)c Superior Court, in whlcafr the dr'tmid/.ci, f’.vcio Chine®**,-!»*—.*»• tn»ii *e\VC suited that evidence-of a Chinaman was takeu in be -1 half of his countrymen, Tong A'hieit, the in ; telligent Chinaman, whose name has become quite familiar to our readers, was a party to the suit, and as he is well acquainted with our lan guage, his services were put in requisition du ring the ceremony of administering to his coun trymen the proper legal oath. We were after wards at some pains to obtain from him the oath as administered, and we now present it, both in the Chinese, and as literally translated. It was as follows : “ Lap sei chaong yun Kwoh Ayun kum tsoi tsi kung tong chok ching e sat ko sat ho mo se kook Sheong ter kam-chat ping kung seoo che. Yattseenpat pak oong-shap yee neen shap yee yuet cho-kan yat.” . (This last is the date in Chinese, viz:—ISO 2, twelfth month, ninth day) Literal translation—“ Subscriber oath bond man Kwoh Ayttn, now in this public court, give evidence with truth tell truth without par ticle partiality—Supreme Heavenly God exam ine with justice—burn paper.” The last two words lelate to what appeared a very important part of the ceremony. Hav ing been written in Chinese characters upon a piece of yellow tissue paper, the witness sub scribed the oath, and the Sheriff in attendance was requested to bring a lighted candle, into the flame of which the paper was thereupon put with a due show of gravity. It was of course quickly consumed, and the obligation upon the conscience of the witness was then understood to be complete. An examination of the form of the oath will readily suggest its origin, it being very evidently nothing more than a Chinese rendering of an ordinary English Common Law oath. The burning of the paper is an addition probably of the Chinese, and is doubtless typical of the fate the witness irn-precates upon himself 1 should lie fail to tell the truth. We asked Tong Aehick if this were the most solemn form of ! oath among his countrymen, and he said, in re ply, that it was not, there was another cere mony much more solemn, which, however, was not resorted to. Patkiotic Scene. —We were accidentally present at a scene in the House of Representa tatives of Florida, on Saturday last, of deep and Stirling interest. It being the Bth of January, the anniversary of the battle of New Orleans, a motion was made that the flag of the Union, which usually occupies a position over the Speaker's chair, but which happened to be in one corner of the room at the time, be unfurled anil placed in its proper position. Another mo tion was made, and carried by acclamation, that Gen. R. K. Call, who wasobserved to be in the hall, be invited to unfurl the flag. The General was an active participant in the bloody field of Chalmette, as aid to the glorious old chieftain, then in the full vigor of intellectual and physi cal greatness, and there was, therefore a striking propriety in the request which was made of him. He complied. Giavely and deliberately he advanced, took the flag in his hands, and un furled it by the side of the Speaker, when such an outburst of patriotic emotion swelled up fro m every heart present as has not often been wit nessed in that assembly. The General proceed ed Briefly, with an eloquence inspired by the exciting recollections of the of the day, to ad dress the general assembly; for by this time Senators had (locked in, attracted by the clapping of hands and other demonstrations of gratifica tion which had continued to greet Gen. Call from the first moment he stepped within the bar of the house. After he had concluded, a unanimous invitation was given him to take a seat on the Speaker’s stand, which was accepted. I Tallahassee Journal , 15 th ult. Washington Irving, while at Mount Vernon the other day. remarked that he remembered see ing Gen. Washington in New York, when he was a child five years of age, and while the General was passing thorugh the street, accom panied by a crowd, young Irving was attended by his nurse, an honest Scotchwoman. The woman forced her way up to the General, lead ing her child by the hand, and approaching, ad dressed hirn—“Your honor, here is a bairn that is called after you.” The General paused, and placing his hand upon the boy’s head, gave him his blessing. Mr. Irving states that he has a distinct recollection of the whole scene—which occurred in the year 1787. Singular Blunder. —Some years ago Judge Christopher Neale, ot Alexandria, Virginia,made application for a revolutionary pension lor one F. Hall, whose claim was rejected on the ground that he deserted the service,and the decision was so endorsed on the application and filed away. Since then, the application has been printed in a congressional document, and by the mistake oi a clerk it now appears that Judge Neale is made to appear as the deserter, instead of Hall, during the revolution, although, he was not born then, but during the war of 1812 he served as a gallant volunteer. A noble lord having given a grand gala, his tailor was among the company, whom his lord ship addressed, ‘My dear sir, I remember your face, but forget your name;’ when the tailor whispered, ‘I made your breeches.’ The noble man took him by the hand, and said aloud, ‘Ma jor Bridges, I am glad to see you.’ Macon & ceived the annual 0 f •■pe rations of this Road for the y*jSfaff% from which we following |jsg£: The earnings of the ll4|Bvj jgj2 are. $269,955 93 Exponsoa cfiargoablo f*po.. .t,. 116,366 74 Leaving Ut .V|il $153,597 19 To which add amount of profit and losspor last repA^8T......4,546 30 Proceeds of old iron Bonds issued since ' .*.38,900 00 ML $236,281 10 Deduct disburswnopUiM Follows: ''aid Bividonds Nos lIOW 12 in Fob .and AuguattiHp 7,120 00 Interest on 80nd5.... kKi 10, 780 00 State and Gitj Tax... 3,315 6 j For con., new engine*, Ac 9,425 82 Bonds redeemed and ed 09 165,641 67 Leaving a balance to be appropriated to and Reserved Fund. There has been ajJ?irea|e .of 10| percent, in passenger earniggtf, ascornto»red with the previ ous year, and *n increase* freight earnings -of 72 per cent. The aggrega% increase eftnuniDgs was 27 i per cent. The President things tldat the completion of the Thomaston awl Barn*'’ilie R*ijro«d, now in process of grading, will wing muelr new and profitable business to the Macon k Western Road. The officers elected by the stocklK Idera- at their annual meeting in January past, were, Isaac Scott, President, and, Andrew Jbow, Ed ward Padelford, J. C. Laky. Charles Moran, Brake Mills, Adam Norris, Ber Boyce, T. C Matthiesson, N. C. Munroe,l-B. Ross, James Thweatt, C. J. MrPnnildplT —rtnn A New Freight Proposition.—ls£>rti are being, made by Capt. James Williams so effect a new route for frieght fro* Baltimore to any part of East Tennessee, byXhich the ra, rs will be from 25 to 50 per cent. Aeaper than by the way of Charleston or Savalnah. It will corne by the way of Wheeling and Nashville, or Wheeling and Tuscumbia, iftas the buyer may desire. The arrangement i> com pleted, but under way, he ready, we trust,to its superiorly over the other routes. is much indebted to Capt. Williams/oethe favorable en terprises which have, from tiipe to time, been made, and which haveaddij bjj, pros perity. If freight on the Tennessee rates from 2-5 to 50 per c*nVj*>f, it is 9u iriq.or- -1 tant consideration, atid/wnitßArtfw tnv*_ hi to another channel. Informatfim will be giver in due time, if the proposed route be successfully es tablished.—Chattanooga insi. Ramsey & Son have finished klliy'g hujt* for this season. They have slaughtered 2000 uead, which will be put into bacw,. We are n uch pleased with the neatness aiii taste displayed in trimming the hams and preparing them lor “he smoke house. They have 1*9,000 pounds now smoking which will soon be jeady for -market. Averaging the hogs at 200 each, and dednetirfg i for the iard, bones, &c., the) will buvj- not fir from 300,000 pounds for sale, 1 which in -quality will compare well with any dfered.— ll. A New Gun.—Col. P. W. porter, of Tennes see, has invented a Repeating Riff*, whereof the cylinder revolves vertically [instead of hori zontally, like Colt’s) and caries nine charges. This gun primes and cocks itilf, and ma) be fired once a second, or as often is the Vriggei can be pulled. With the sixfv charges which is furnished with it, ittiay tie ired mar ly sixty times in a minute. |it ’seetr* to be quite simple in constructions is litt’e heavieT than the ordinary rifle, shoots pith great force and is said to be easily keptlin order. To a marksman of our sort, who might chance to tree a squirrel or other game, we shield think such a gun would not come amiss. , la a sigh. with a Grizzly Bear, a Californian woijid find- it useful, provided the bear would keep ajproper distance, which some badly educated cubj seem ,ot to un derstand. For desperate dueliss, it must have great attractions. We believe its cost (without magazine) is S6O. • --r-j"- — Cotton Destroyed.—We regret to learn that forty-seven bales of Cotton, belongin'; to Mr. Stephen Deßruhl, and of Dr. A. W. Lynch, were burned up last wisk, at Calhoun’s landing, on the Savannah risy. .jf burnt, it was certainly the work of an ineendiary. It is supposed by some that this Cctfon must have ! been stolen, as there were other lots immediate ly contiguous not even scorched. There were signs, however, of some cotton having been burned. Mr. Deßruhl has recently settled in this District, and the loss falls particularly heavy upon him. —Abberville Banner, 3j intt. Colt’s Revolvf.li.—The London United Ser vice Gazette, contains an account of the perform ance of Colt’s revolving pistolfcot the Cape of Good Hope Colony. They have*gained a repu tation there exceeding that which thVy have hitherto obtained among ourselwes. the native land of the inventor. Col. Coif sent out Mr. j Peard as his agent to Cape Towii with a quan tity of his revolvers, and he invited the most celebrated shots in the British frmy t". re, to tgut their rifles wild* Colt’s t >;.•■.* Id \ .'»! Jl r t*vS... .'/SC'f'j'-. ■ • . \ f|ving y- ''' l 1 «ii ■«, > pentific Am.'iica r me:h!'i-: ' u- 1 ' weLjn, for Mr. Peard sJId iao ie.- s eighS»ovolvers in Tow •i'r One o. Colt s large\T=_’Vipistols was B," i the presence of some Cal. a mark 40*7° ' o distant, and they declared it was “ Gc{ 'Ji tol.” A corres|)ondent from Graham’s writing about the performances of the lef , states that Mr. Peard made 21 hits ojt shots in a target of a barrel head, at 2tW distance, and asks when Colt’s revolveware to be used exclusively in the army and uqry. Important Decision Relative to Benevo lent Societies.—The Cayuga Lodge case, I. O. O. F., some time pending in the Supreme Court of New York, on demurrer, has been decided in favor of the plaintiffs on all the points involved in the issue. The principal point was whether the courts will enforce the trust created by the j constitutions of the order. The decision of the court sustained the position assumed by Cayuga Lodge, and overrules the demurrers interjiosed in behalf of the members who withheld the funds contributed for the objects of benevolence and charity. It is therefore an important deci sion not only to the Order of Odd Follows, but in the Order of Sons of Temperance, Free Ma sons, Martha Washington and other charitable societies which are not incorporated. It recog nizes their constitutions, and maintains that the courts will enforce the trust which they . reate. Novel Case of Swindling.-The Boston Post states that a well dressed man called upon one of our large carpet dealers on Wednesday, and stated that he was the captain of a Clipper ship just about to sail for California, and that he wanted to purchase carpet to the amount of SIOOO fora friend in San Francisco. He bought 4 to the amount of SIOOO, and requested to have i the goods sent to the ship, naming the wharf.— The seller accompanied the goods, and found the | purchaser, who invited him to inspect the ship. The dealer went back to his store perfectly sat isfied. As soon as the dealer’s back w»s‘turned, the goods were placed on a truck ; taken to a railroad, and sent to New York ; and the dealer yesteulay found that he had been swindled, as the rascal had no connection at all with the ship. New Liquor Law in Rhode Island.—A very stringent liquor bill has been introduced into the Rhode Island House of Representatives —it makes manufacturers or sellers of spirituous liquors, unless town agents, liable lor the first of fence to fine and costs and three months impris onment in the county jail, and, on further con viction for the same offence, to imprisonment for six months. For adulterating liquors, so as to render them more injurious, a person is liable to a fine of SIOO, and imprisonment for one year at least. Complaints are to bo on oath, and search warrants are to be issued by ju*ticn9 of the peace. A New Kind of Manure.—ln the fcdand of St. Vincent a new kind of earth has been discov ered, of very peculiar properties, and, withal, so valuable that it is likely to become, at no distant day, an important and regular aificle oftxporta toion. Little less than 2,000 tons have b*aw4aker. to Bermuda, to assist in the formation of a break water that is being erected by the Government there. They claim that it is an excellent cement lor use under water. Besides, it is said that English chemists have analyzed it, and pro nounce it to be more valuable than guano even, as a “ Carl Benson,” writing to the N. Y. “Spirit of the Times’” from Paris, says : “ Chantilly has been sold. It was the last and concluding portion of the Orleans property disposed of. The purchasers were English. Mr. Edward Majoribanks, and Sir Edmund Antro bus ; they gave the nice little sum of s6i« 000 cash down, with $1,600,000 more to be paid in various instalments.” Telegraph to Athens. —We woQld lispect fully suggest to the citizens of this place* gene erally,the propriety of aiding in the proposed establishment of a telegraphic communication between Athens and Union Point. A subscrip tion lor this purpose has already been opened, and we learn that the book is in the possession of Maj. Mitchell, of the Franklin House, with thirteen hundred dollars subscribed at the present date (Jan. 31st, 1853.) We are authorised to say that a subscription of three thousand dollars by our community, will ensure the commencement of the work, and' we trust that the remainder of the sum, (1,700,) will be speedily made up.— Athens Banner, 3d.' Homestkads. —Seventeen States have parsed homestead laws. Os the Southern States Geor gia exempts twenty acres, not exceeding in value $350; Florida exempts forty acres, aot exceeding in value S4OO ; Alabama forty acres, or house and lot in town, S3OO ; Texas two hun dred acres, SSOO ; California, $500; South Car olina forty acres, SSOO. Other passions have objects to flatter them, and seemingly to content and satisfy them lor a while, there is a power in ambition, and plea sure in luxury, and pelf in covetousness, imt envy can give nothing but vexation, i \ Reported for the Baltimore Sun.] Thtrtr-Ssaond Congress —2nd Session. Washington, Jan. 31,1853. SENATE. The chair laid before the Senate the efficia army and navy register for 1853. The deficiency bill was received from tue House and referred to the committee on finance. Mr. Hale presented two petitions praying the repeal or modification of the fugitive slave law, which were laid on the table. Mr. Hunter submitted a resolution which was agreed to, directing the appointment of a com mittee to examine and count the returns of votes for President and Vice-President of the United States, and to inform the persons chosen of their election. Messrs. Hunter, Pearce and Bright were ap pointed the commitee. Mr. Borland presented the credentials of his colleague, the Hon. W. K. Sebastian, re-elected forsix years as a Senator from Arkansas ! After petitions and reports, none of which were of any public importance, a message was received from the House, announcing the death of the Hon. A. H. Buell, of New York. Mr. Sewaid addressed the Senate in terms of high praise and commendation of the many mer its and virtues of the deceased, and offered the usual and appropriate resolutions. Mr. Hamlin followed in a tribute to his de ceased friend. The resolutions were adopted and the Senate adjourned. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Immediately after reading the journal, Mr. Jones, of Tenn., moved to take up the Senate bill, abolishing imprisonment for debt in the District of Columbia. The bill having been reported, and read a first and second time, Mr. Jones moved that it be made the special order for to-morrow at one o’clock, which was agreed to. Mr. Jenkins, of N. Y., then arose and announ ced the death of the Hon. Alexander H. Buell, one of the delegates from the State of Ne w York; and entered into a brief history of his private life j and public career. He was bom in 18*1, and by industry and punctuality, succeeded in acquiring I wealth and affluence. He was taken ill about a ! fortnight since, and his disease baffled the skill of his physicians and disappointed the hopes of his relatives and friends; on Monday morning at three o’clock, he passed from time to eternity, leaving an aged father, an affectionate and dis consolate wife, and children too young fully to 1 appreciate the loss they have sustained, to mourn j the afflicting bereavement. Mr. Jenkins con- j , eluded by moving the usual resolutions, and that | | fhflfßpiisc adjourn. I I Mr. Ives, if N. Y., followed with a simii -r ; axpressiou of feeling aud testijm uy of the worth ofthe defftrted member; and also moved that iho clerk of the House pay* as usual, the expen ses of transmitting his remains to his native : State, and of the committee which accompanies them. Tii i resolutions having been passed the House adjourned till to-morrow. Washington, Feb. 3, 1553. SENATE. Mr. Smith submitted a motion, excusing Mr. Dixon from service on the select committee ors the varieus memorials relating to the anesthetic agi'iit in surgical cases. Laid over. Mr. Underwood, from the committee on the contingent fund, reported a resolution rejecting the petition of James Robertson, claiming dama ’ ges for imprisonment, by the order of the Vice I Piesident, two years under an impression that he intended to assault Mr. Clay. The re solution was agreed to. Also a resolution giving Robertson $l5O in addition to SIOO already paid him, in full pay ment and satisfaction of all conceivable claim against the Senate. It was debated, and then laid on the table; yeas 25, nays 21. Mr. Douglas, when speaking on this subject, thought it right to intimate to the corporation ol Washington the necessity of protecting mem bers of Congress from the importunities and in sults of such persons as the petitioner. If the authorities of Washington did not think proper to do so. it might be well for Congress to disre gard the claims of that corporation in its appli cations to Congress. The bill to amend the warehousing system was taken up. Mr. Miller opposed the bill, as extending fa cilities to the foreign manufacturer to the injury of the American manufacturer. The bill was then postponed. The bill to re-organise the navy of the United Statss was taken up. Mr. Stockton submitted sixty-six amendments to the bill, the first of which, involving the question of making the personnel of the navy “ active” exclusively, was the only one debated, and was adopted—yeas 30, nays 14. The re maining amendments were all adopted at one vole. The bill was then ordered to be engrossed, anil to be printed as amended. An act for the relief of Joseph Wileoxon, and the bill for the relief of Mary Merry, were pas t'd. The Tacific Railroad bill was again taken up. The question pending was on Mr. Brodhead’s substitute, confining the work to a survey and reconnoissance of the roost practicable route. Messrs. Weller aud Rusk opposed the amend ment, and Messrs. Bayard and Cooper supported it. The Senate then adjourned. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. The roil having been called and the journal authorising the issije o* a silver .’JUtiu li*., Al~ nax.orVv “*> N•* ■ »>!<•’ ■J■* ■' \ ]> ■1 exisLng tin teuhC... i.n ! i .11., ,i. led. the .; < . .1 Md.. presented the petition of .. William P. Mahon, asking ->*■' taking the census of 15, 50, in Md ’ \ oi Alabama, moved that the ■ \ resolve itself into a committee “of the f\Snole on the state of the Union; which wasneg ■iatived, tellers having been appointed—yeas 61, nays 78. The yeas and nays were then taken, and the motion was finally negatived—yeas 79, nays 89. The House then went to the business on the Speaker’s table, and took up the pending mo tion, to roconsider the vote by which the bill to admit railroad iron free of duty was laid on the table, and another to lay the motion to reconsid er upon the table. The yeas and nays were then taken on the latter motion, which was carried, yeas 95, nays S’2. Reports from Depaitments were reported to the House. After some discussion as to the order of busi ness on the Speaker’s table—Mr. Stanly con tending that the unfinished business of yesterday, being the Wisconsin railway bill, had the pre ference, and the Speaker deciding that it wont over to be taken up in the fifth class, the House went into committee of the whole on the state ofthe Union, after sustaining the Speaker’s de cision. Mr. Davis, of Mass., entered into a defence of the Springfield establishment, and maintained that it is efficiently conducted, and for the ad vantage ofthe country; pending which,the com mittee rose, and the House adjourned. Washington, Feb. 4. SENATE. Mr. Seward presented memorials praying the suspension of the steamboat act of last session. Mr. Fish presented the memorial of members of the New York Legislature, praying that mea sures be adopted so as to secure the freedom of conscience to Americans while in foreign coun tries. Mr. Hunter submitted the following resolution, which was agreed to : Resolved , that the two houses will assemble in the chamber of the House of Representatives on Wednesday, the 9th inst., at 12 o’clock, and the President of the Senate pro tern, shall be the pre siding officer; that one person be appointed a teller on the part ofthe Senate and two on the part of the House of Representatives, to make a list of the votes as they shall be declared, that the result shall be delivered to the president of the Senate pro tempore, who shall announce the state of the vote and the persons elected to the two Houses assembled as aforesaid, which shall be deemed a declaration of the persons elected President and Vice President ofthe United States, and, together with a list of votes, be entered on the journals of the two Houses. I%S* resolution was agreed to, and Mr. Hun ter was appointed teller on the part of the Sen ate. Mr. Houston submitted a resolution directing an inquiry as to the expediency of reorganizing the marine corps so as to dispense with all offi cers above the grade of captain. The House bill granting the right of way to the Niagara Falls and Lake Ontario Railroad through the military reservation of Fort Niagara, was taken up and passed. A bill for the relief of C. L. Swazey was pas sed. House bill for extending for two years the time for emigrants to Oregon to take the bene fit of the grants of land to actual settlers, was ta ken up, amended and passed. The bill to amend the warehouse system by establishing private bonded warehouses, and ex tending the time during which imports may re main warehoused,whether intended for consump tion or for exportation, to three years, was taken U P Mr. Hunter suppoited the bill for some time. Messrs. Miller, Davis and Brodhead opposed that part of the bill extending the time to three years, during which goods intended for consump tion may remain warehoused. Mr. Davis moved to add to the 4th section the words that nothing in this act contained shall extend the time for withdrawing goods for con sumption, beyond one year. Messrs. Gwin, Seward and Toucey opposed the amendment. After some further debate, the amendment was agieed to without objection. Mr. Miller moved to except from the articles allowed to be thus warehoused iron, bloom bars, pigs, rods, slabs and castings of all kinds. This amendment was rejected—yeas 15, nays 33, as follows: Yens. —Messrs. Bell, Brodhead, Clarke, Coop er, Foot, Geyer, Jones, of Tenn., Mangum, Mil ler, Morton, Pratt, Smith, Spruance, Underwood and Wade—ls. Nays. —Messrs. Adams, Atchinson, Badger, Bayard, Bradbury, Bright, Butler, Cass, Charl ton, Chase, Clemens, Dodge, of Wis., Dodge, of lowa, Douglas, Downs, Felch, Fish, Fitzpatrick, Gwin, Hamlin, Houston, Hunter, Jones, of lowa, Mangum, Norris, Pettit, Rusk, Seward, Shields, Sumner, Toucey, Walker and Weller—33. Mr. Bright said he was in favor of the bill as one step towords free trade. Mr. Walker moved to amend the bill by ex cepting from the goods thus allowed to be ware- housed wheat, com, bareley, beef and pork. He said Canada could furnish New York with those articles earlier in the spring and later in the fall than the Western 'States. He desired her to have no advantage over those States. Mr. Gwin was in favor of abolishing all duties on breadstuff’s and provisions, and on iron too. After further debate this amendment was re jected—yeas 19, nays 29. The bill was then passed. A bill authorizing a register to the steamship Albatross was passed. Mr. Clemens gave notice that on Monday he would ask to be heard on the joint resolution af firming the Monroe doctrine. The Pacific Railroad bill was taken up. Mr. Davis addressed the Senate at length in its support. Mr. Dawson followed, opposing it, and sup porting Mr. Brodhead’s substitute. Mr. Douglas addressed the Senate for more than an hour in earnest support of the bill. The Senate then adjourned. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. There not being a quorum present, it was moved that there should be a call of the House, which was negatived—yeas 59, nays 64. There being a quorum at this time present, the jour nals were read. A discussion of an hour and upwards in dura tion followed on a question of privilege, the Spea ker having decided that a motion made yester day by Mr. Doty, to reconsider the vote which tabled the Wisconsin bill, subsequent to the mo tion to adjouin, was before the House. Mr. Jones, of Tenn., appealed against the de cision of the Speaker; and the appeal was laid on the table—yeas 109, nays 57. Mr. Dean, of N. Y., moved to lay the motion to reconsider upon the table; and the yeas and nays having been ordered, it was decided in the negative—yeas 82, nays 91. The motion to reconsider was then agreed to —yeas 88, nays 80. It was then moved that the House go into committee of the whole on the private calendar, ; and the yeas and nays were ordered, pending which the motion was withdrawn, accompanied ! by a motion to reconsider the bill. The yeas and nays were then take*! upon a motion to adjourn, at twenty-live minutes before three o'clock, which was negatived—yeas 61, nays 104, at ten minutes before three. It was again moved to go into committee of the whole on th*»,private calendar, upon which the yeas and nays were ordered. The motion to adjourn having been renewed j at three o’clock, it was negatived—yias 77, I nays 84. Mr. Marshall, of California, moved that,when I .the House adjourn, it adjourn to meet on Alon , day ;' which was ueg.-Svcd. » A inotiou was made to adjourn, and leliers 1 were appointed on a call for the ayes and nays. aud, 41 voting in he affirmative, the ayes and ! nays were ordered ; and the motion to adjourn was negatived ; yeas 78, nays 81. ! A call of the House was then moved, and the | ayes and nays were demanded, which was nega tived. Tellers were appointed, but there was j not a sufficient number voting in the affirmative. An adjournment was again moved, and the ! yeas and nays again taken, when it was carried I —yeas 78, nays 70. The House then adjourned till to-morrow. [Telegraphed to the Baltimore Sim.j ; ARRIVAL OF THE STEAMER CANADA. O <E WEEK LATER FROM EUROPE. Ovral War Preparations in Ihr English Navy \ar;N—Prospective Marriaao oS the Emperor oi France—Activity in the French Navy Yards —Advance in Cotton—State oi Ollier Markets, Sec, Halifax, Feb. 4th. : The steamer Canada arrived here at 9} o’clock : this morning. The Eastern lines not being in ! good order, the news could not be transmitted ! till late this evening. The Atlantic and City of j Manchester arrived out on the 20th. The Cari- I ada left on the morning of the 23d. England. —Mr. Gladstone had been elected i to Parliament. Great apprehensions were felt in England of a coup dr. main on the part ol Napoleon. The Gov i ernment are making inquiries of the railroad | companies as to how many horses and muni j tions of war they can carry to specified points | in cases of emergency. A large military station | is to be formed near Birmingham, and no more I regulars are to be sent from home. Great activi ;ty prevails in the navy-yards,and every prepara ! tion is making for war. France. —The Emperor has determined to marry Senorita Montego, and the marriage was advertised to take place two weeks from the 22d, at Notre Dame. A dowry of 5,000,000 francs is demanded for the bride. The Emperor has refused to accept the resig nation of Droughn d’ L Huys. Twenty line-of-battle-ships. IS frigates and 15 smaller vessels of war were building in the French Navy Yards. Napier, the English ship builder, received an order from tbe French Em | peror to build 10 frigates, but the English ad ; rniralty cancelled the outer and gave him simi i lar orders on their own account. The 3 per cents, closed at 79f. 95c.; the 4} per cents, at 105 f. Markets. Liverpool, Jan. 12.—Tlio Atlantic's nows had a favorable effect on tho cotton market, and prices of fair have advanced ft! and of middling Jd. Tho sales of the week have readied 58,900 bales, of ■which exporters took 0,750 bales, and speculators 11,000 bates. .The sales to d :-y arc 5,500 bales. Tho are : Fair Orleans, Old; Middling, kid.; J?air 5 id* Fair Upland, I 5 ’ f ,;\£iddiilTp7-a .wldaU 400(000 bal‘'“ pro American. / Id. Western Canal flour 275. (id.; Ohio, Balthpiore and Philadelphia, 28s. 6d. Trade at Manchester had improved. The grain market was a shade lower. London , Jan. 21.—Tho produco market was dull. Bell A Sons quote stocks unchanged. The bank had advanced the rato of interest to 3 per cent. Consols closed at 99jj a 100. Sales of U. S. 5 s, 'OS, at 97 a 98 ; U. S. 6’s. ’O2, 108 a 109 ; U. S. 6's, (bonds) ’OB, 109} a 110*; U. S. C’s. 'O7, 08, 108 J a 109}; New York State 5s 97 a 98 ; Penn sylvania s’s 80 ; Maryland s’s 98 a 99 ; Kentucky G’s 97 ; Ohio o‘s 100 : Massachusetts s's 108. Havre, Jan. 18.—Tho sales of cotton for tho week are 9,500 bales, at J advance. Boston, Feb. 3. Edward Everett elected U. S. Senator. —The Senate to-day voted for U. S. Senator. The vote stood : Everett, Whig 28; Cushing, Dein., 3 ; Phillips, Free Soil, 1. Mr. Everett was there fore elected to take office from the 4th of March next. New York, Feb. 3. Arrival of the Empire City. —The steamer Empire City, for Havana, has arrived. The Ful ton left Havana on Monday, for Key West, to take Mr. King to Havana. Albany, Feb. 3. Acquittal of Salmon. —The jury in the case of Salmon, charged with assisting in the rescue of Jerry, returned a verdict of not guilty. Portland, Feb. 3. Senatorial Election in Maine. —On the second ballot in the House, to day, lor Senator, Fessen den, whig, received 70; Dana, democrat, 00; scattering, 10. In the Senate, Fessenden IS; Clifford, dem., 13. Washington, Feb. 3. The Washington Shooting Case. —After the shooting of Fuller last night, excited crowds hung about the National Hotel until a late hour. Public sentiment here, many think, justified the act. Many of Schaumburg’s friends were cutting his acquaintance yesterday in consequence ol Fuller’s unanswered publication. Both were in the prime of life and well known to the com munity. Fuller was in great agony last night, but was put to sleep by powerful opiates, and is reputed easier this morning. A slight discharge of bile from the wound indicated that the hall had penetrated the liver, and his phyicians think he cannot survive many days. Washington, Feb. 3. Dismissals from Service — Mr. Fuller.—Presi dent Fillmore has dismissed Major Kingsbnrg, of the ninth infantry, and Lieut. Hawkins, of the mounted riflemen, from the service, for neglect ing the settlement of their public accounts. Mr. Fuller’s condition continues to elicit the most absorbing interest in the three cities. Sev eral physicians are in attendance, and he is said to be in a very critical situation. M. Boston, Feb. 2. Lule anil Important from Buetws Ayres.—Pri vate advices from Buenos Ayres to the 23d De cember, represent a gloomy condition of political affairs. The upper provinces were in confusion. Urquiza had crossed the River Panama with his artillery, deposed the Governor of Santa Fe, and established Gen. Galan in his place. The Bue nos Ayiean Government were collecting a large force at St. Nicholas, and had also sent 2,000 troops to Rio to stir up a revolution against Ur quiza. A division of Buenos Ayres troops land ed at Gaulaquaycha on the 15th, surprised the guard, and captured the town, the inhabitants tiaternizing with them. This force was said to be on their way to Santa Fe, to interfere with the National Congress, which meets there on the 20th. Produce of all kinds were scarce and high. Doubloons $17,50. Advices from Fayal to December 20th state that two earthquakes had occurred, which, how ever, did little damage. Gen. Pierce in Boston. —Gen. Pierce has arriv ed in this city, for the purpose of making pre liminary domestic arrangements prior to his de parture for Washington. He enjoys good health and looks well, but is scrupulous in avoiding pub lic demonstration. Massachusetts U. S. Setuclor. —The House of Representatives of this State ballotted for U. S. Senator. The vote stood thus: Edward Ev erett, 146; Caleb Cushing, 75; Phillips, 51; Wales, 5 ; Ashmun, 1 j Vallet, 1. Mr. Everett received 6 majority. Later fhoii Santa Fe.—The St. Louis Re publican has a month’s later advices from Santa Fe. The Legislature of New Mexico was in session, following out the recommendations of the Governor, and apparently doing some good for the country. Gov. Lane’s course is becom ing very popular. A littlo disturbance that at one time threat ened the peace of the territory, sprang up be tween the civil and military authorities. At the request of Gov. Lane, Col. Brooke, thefcommand er of the fiost at Santa Fe, hoisted the llag in the plaza, while the Legislature was in session, that had been removed by Col. Sumner’s order; in consequence of which he was removed and' the flag taken down. The citizens soon had anoth er ready, but in their haste it happened to con sist of three colors—red white and blue. This was ordered down by the military, and down it came. Some stars were added, and it was run up agann. So it floats—the civil authorities con trolling. Craddock & Lucas were attacked and robbed 1 of a wagon load of merchandize, near Fort Fill more, l>y some Mexicans dressed as Apaches. AUGUSTA, GKOKGIA. WEDNESDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 9. Terms of Subscription. Daily Papor, por annum, in advance... .$8 00 Tri-Woekly 5 00 Weekly, por annum in advance 2 00 If paid within the year 2 50 At the ond of the year....; 3 00 above terms will bo rigidly enforced. [C7” Subscribers writing to request their pa pers changed to another Post-office, will please be particular to state the office to which the paper is now sent. Bank of St. Mary’s. The bills of the Bank of St. Mary’s under five dollars, and the change bills of J. G. Winter, are still taken at par at this office. . -V::. - : : Editorial Correspondence. Charleston, S. C., Feb. 5. Race week in Charleston is alwaysone of un usual bustle, excitement, pleasure and business. Merchants, planters, professional men, and men of “ elegant leisure’’ visit the city in considera ble numbers on that day. Some of them on bus iness, or the pretext of business—but most of them, lor pleasure and amusement, while some manage to combine both. This week there has been an unsually large con course, and the hotels, the streets, the race course, and the evening resorts of amusement, have presented a crowded and animated appearance. The hotels are full, and the landlords have worn round and smiling faces. We recognized the familiar countenances of those benignant Bonni iuc. % -J.r-j-’. 'ktive of good cheer, M i\kr, of the Cltarlcsh i *, Bn r i'Knnm.o,ofthe Pavilion, lluiist of the American, and Stken, of the Merchant's— all well known in Georgia, where they have troops of friends. The hotel keepers and merchants have suffer ed some disappointments from the yellow fever of last summer, closely followed by the report of the existence of Cholera—the leal Asiatic—in their midst—which for months last year, kept their usual customers away. But with the res toration of health and confidence, the aspect of affairs has brightened, and the Spring business is looked to as one of unusual promise. The mer chants are anticipating and are prepared for an extensive business. The stocks of goods of all kinds are very heavy, and the terms will be made satisfactory to approved customers. I was much struck with some facts, showing the vastly extended area of back country now em braced by the trade and business of Charleston. The extension of the Railroad system west vvardly, has brought large sections of country into familiar intercourse with Charleston, en abling many of her wholesale merchants and her factors to double and quadruple their busi ness. I hca’ - d but little of the Rabun Gap Railroad. The opinion does not Seem to prevail that there is at present, any necessity for such a road, or that the interests involved would be com pensated for so great an outlay. The enteprize may, eventually, be achieved; though Charles tonians ol the highest intelligence, and who ought to know, say otherwise. The leading attraction of the week, was, of course, the Races, which are more generally at tended hare than in any other community. All classes, from the highest circles of fashion and wealth, down to the day laborers, white and black, who can get off, if but for a day, can be seen on the track. The racing this week has been unusually fine. Many of the races were beautifully contested, and considering the track, never favorable to quick time, the performance was in each case most creditable to the winning horse. Several colts have made demonstrations which promise them high places hereafter on the racing calendar. One in particular, Mr. Puryear’s colt Highlander, lias made long . strides towards the head of the Southern turf, : and bids fair to reach it. To have won two races in excellent time, the same week, against j strong fields, in the last one beating Caro- Viuais. fqvpyite in le—Jeff. Davis— ,J\us no culinary Vo(neiit. Jeff was thought IV be uriequalleO. '.All, m endurance and sliced in that State. His ipilaiit race of ionr mile last winter, wonin three heats, placed him at the head ot the Carolina turf. The fact that he was raised about thirty miles from Charleston, made hitn doubly a favorite on the Washing ton course. Eveu the children and the “color ed population” on the track to-day, weie deeply interested for hitn—were loud in their shouts when he won the first heat. When beaten the second and third heats, the disappointment was very apparent upon hundreds of counte nances, and in the ejaculations which filled the air. The heavy losers, who bet the long odds, had ample sympathy. Jeff is a fine horse, notwithstanding, having many points ot simi larity to his grand sire, Bertrand Jr. High lander is a superb colt, in size, appearance and racing qualities. In the race to-day, three mile heats, the fastest time he made, it is said, was in running the ninth mile. We understand his owner will shortly put forth a banter of SIO,OOO, against the world, to run 4 mile heats next winter on the La Fayette race course, if so, and the challenge is accepted, we will have a lively time next races. I should not omit some mention of the other amusements of race week—the balls and con certs, the theatre, and Anderson's magic enter tainments. Os Ole Bull the good folks of Au gusta will have an opportunity to judge for them selves. He is, emphatically, king of the king of instruments. Strakosch is in the first rank of pianists. Madame Strakosch has added, since un man iage, to her reputation as a vocalist—she has evidently improved since her tour with Parodi.as Ma’mlle I’atti. Her sister, the little Adelina, isa musical prodigy that should take rank with the Batemen children, in her wonderful precocity. She sings with an artistic cultivation and taste, and with a clear and swelling richness of voice surpassed by very few adults. I regret that her name is not in the programme for the Concert at Augusta. Many regrets are expressed, both by Charles tonians and Georgians, now in the city, that the fair sex of Georgia is always wholly unrepre sented here on gala occasions. They could be well repaid by the gaities they would partici pate in, and, it may be added, by the admira tion they would excite; for, while many beau tiful faces and graceful forms were here, many equally beautiful and graceful in our own Geor gia, the Empire State of the South, would have suffered nc disparagement by a comparison with the queens of beauty, in this Queen City of the Southern Atlantic. The active intercourse of trade and business of all kinds, and the consequent interchange of civilities between South Carolina and Georgia, are fast wearing away tire petty jealousies that once existed between the two States, increased by political antagonisms, and rivalries of her leading men. We now have, in thier place, a noble rivalry for the rewards of superior enter prize, mutually beneficial. Whichever may win the palm, both States must prosper under the wholesome stimulus. The crossing of the Savannah river at Augus ta, by the South Carolina Railroad, now so near at hand, and the completion of the Waynesboro Railroad, are two events looked to here with much interest. It will produce a more active competition between Savannah and Charleston, than has heretofore existed, and with increased advantages to the former, in the contest for the trade of Augusta, and of the immense back coun try, now open to both. The progress of Charleston is, in defiance of temporary draw-backs, most marked, and increasing at a rapid pace. Real estate, a certain index, is advancing in value, not from a speculative feeling, but from the needs of an in creasing business and population. Lots are be ing reclaimed from water and filled up, and new houses erected and old ones enlarged, in all di rections. New-comers now find it an impossi bility almost, to rent a comfortable dwelling; but the indications are, that measures are in pro gress to supply the constantly occurring demand. G. Through Tickets from Cincinnati. —We learn from the Cincinnati papers that through tickets are now issued in that city to Baltimore, via Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The fare as established is: To Zanesville, $5; to Wheeling, $7 60; to Baltimore, sls; to Washington, D. C. $lO 30; to Philadelphia, sl6 30. This community hiv In t a good citizen and most excellent man In the person of Mr. Martin Frederick, who died in this city on Sunday last. sth inst., aged sixty-two years. He was a na- % tiveof Alsace, France, and emigrated, to this country about thirty-five years ago. He ar rived in humble circumstances, but by untiring industry and unwavering probity, acquired ■ for himself a handsome competency. He was an amiable and charitable man, and was noted for acts of kindness to his less fortunate fellow countrymen, whose lot was cast among us. Many of them are indebted to his friendly aid for success in their business pursuits. He en joyed the esteem and good will of all who knew him; many a poor man has lost in him a kind and sympathising l'iiend,and the city a worthy citizen. * Death of Judge Sayre. It is with sincere regret that vve announce (says the Chronicle of yesterday,) the death of the Hon. Nathan C. Sayre, which occurred at his residence in Sparta, on Friday last, in the full vigor of matured manhood. He occupied a high position in his adopted State, not less as a man of sterling integrity and the strictest probi ty, than as a sound and learned jurist, lie hail repeatedly represented Hancock county in both branches of the Georgia Legislature, where he earned for himself a well merited reputation for his efficient business capacity; and for several years occupied a seat on the bench of the Supe rior Court, a position which he filled with emi nent ability. His loss will be deeply felt not only in his im mediate vicinity,but throughout the State where he was known. Young’s Mammolli Corn. Some weeks since we received a letter noti fying us that a sack of the above very superior Com had been forwarded to us by Railroad from Cass county, but it did not reach us until yester day. It had probably been stowed away at the De|wt in this city so carefully that it could not be found at the proper time. We refer our readers to the advertisement set ting forth its suporioiyiuolitUm for planting, W 4« in'productiveness, weight, and size ol grain. Davis, Kolb & Fanning aie the Agents for its sale in this city. Floyd County Resolutions. The resolutions passed by the Democratic party of Floyd county, which we publish to day, will meet the approval of every well-wish er of the party throughout the State—of every one really desirous of seeing the party harmo nious and united, in support of Hie general poll - cy and measures of the National Democracy. It is due to the incoming Administration, that all among us. who heartily aided in bringing it into power, should do all that honorable men can, to unite upon a common basis of action, and give to it and to each other a generous confi dence. Upon practical questions of policy, there is no reason to apprehend any serious di visions of opinion; for Democratic measures have now become the measures of the country, indorsed by the popular will, and approved by the matured wisdom of our Statesmen. The Southern Democracy, especially, should and can act as a unit, for no wild and extravagant issues have taken root among them, the tendency of which, would be to precipitate a portion into . extreme positions, which separate them fnjhi the more cautious and reflecting. The distinc tions between conservatives and progressives— between Old Fogyism and “Young America” are not recognized here as real and tangible. There is no division among us in principles or in men that can embarrass the party, or prevent its acting as a unit. Upon the practical questions of finance and commercial regulations—of free trade and of na tional expenditures —of internal improvements, and of appropriations out of the treasury—of schemes to squander the public lands, and to foster sectional and class interests, there is noth ing to prevent harmony among the Southern Democracy. As to speculative opinions upon tho na ture and theory of the Federal Government, as applied to the right of secession—it is not prob able that entire coincidence of opinion can ever be commanded among members of so large a party. The human mind is so constituted as to render differences of opinioninsuehaca.se in evitable; and the practical objects which give rise to parties and band them together, are such , as to make tolerance of each others speculative opinions a necessity. The Baltimore Convention of J line last, adopt . pil iginciples which furnish common ground, on t. Which ait i«moor.i, cun Aj pd.They are mark , ’ tul by u aci i.mw l ■« ■ « of the States, ond a strict construction of the Constitution. They adopt',d the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions of ’US amt ’99 as their own, and made them the recognized creed of the party. Now Democrats may honestly differ as to the construction of these resolutions. They may not go as far as the advocates *bt the right of se cession claim for them. But men ol the most extreme State Rights opinions have never repu diated them as insufficient for tffe'protection of the rights of the States, and Democrats of oppo site tendencies have never rear'd their adlie , sion to them because they claimed too much for the States. “ In measures of State politics no theoretical questions can aiise to distract the party, fn Georgia, the Democracy can consistently unite and act harmoniously for the advancement and prosperity of the State and the best interests of the people. If the good example and good conn cels of the Democrats of Floyd he not lost on us, this will be the happy result. Democratic Meeting. Tuesday, Feb. I, 1853. A respectable portion of the Democratic party of Floyd county, assembled at the Court House on Tuesday last. On motion, the Hon. .T. H. Lumpkin was called to the Chair, and William Johnson, Esq., requested to act as Secretary. Judge Spullock moved that a Committee o f seven be appointed, to report matter for the ac tion of the meeting, and as Col. Fouche, of Cass, was present, that lie be made the Chairman of the Committee. The chairman appointed Col. 8. Fouche, Judge J. M. Spullock, Col. Joseph Walters, Houston Aycock, Esq., John W. Underwood, l>r. A. Dean artd Jesse Lamberth, Esq. A tier retiring fora short time, the committee returned, and re ported the following resolutions, which were unanimously adopted by the meeting : The committee upon whom has been devolved the duty of reporting matter for the action ol this meeting, have unanimously agreed upon, and beg leave to report the following resolutions: Ist. Resolved , That upon all that class of prin ciples relating to the administrative policy of the Federal Government, the Democratic party of this State have ever been generally and cordially united. 2d. Resolved, That all true Democrats, honest ly holding these principles, ought to unite in giving to them the most efficient support dur ing the administration of Jjen., ministration which they have called into exist ence upon these well known and long establish ed principles. ™ 3d. Resolved, That there is another class of principles relating to the nature of the Federal Government, its powers, and the relation which that Government bears to the States of the Union, and also the sovereignty and the resei veil rights of these States, upon which Democrats here and elsewhere have differed, do now differ and probably will continue to differ. 4th. Rcsohtcd, That in the opinion es this meeting, these differences of opinion touching this latter class of principles, ought not to be suf fered to distract and divide the party in its sup port of that class of principles and measures upon which they have always been united, especially as there is room to hope that no great issue, practi cally involving any ol the second class of princi ples, is likely to aiise for many years to come. sth Resolved , That any re-organization of the Democratic party, to be effective, must be ground ed upon a frank admission of these differences, and contending for the ascendancy of the Demo cratic principles as set forth in the Baltimore Platform of 1552. 6th. Resolved, That all efforts, from whatever quarter, to engender in either wing of the Dem ocratic party, a spirit of intolerance and proscrip tion towards the other should be regarded as conclusive evidence of hostility to the common and peculiar principles of both. 7th. Resolved, That, casting behind us all thought of animosities to bo gratified, and rally ing under the good old banner which we have followed unwaveringly through so many conflict* we will hail as friends and equals all who come up in a spirit of disinterested loyalty and devo tion to do battle under that llag lor the common principles and policy of the Democratic party. Bth. Resolved , That we earnestly recommend to all true friends of democratic principles and poli- Jj cy, to take promptly effective measures for uni ting and harmonizing, the party, and setting in battle array again to contend fur all its great principles and measures of administrative policy. On motion of Col. Underwood, it was ordered that the proceedings of this meeting be publishr ed in the city papers, and that all papers in the State friendly to the movement, be requested to copy. On motion of Judge Lester, the meeting ad journed sine die. J. H. Lumtkin, Chaii'n, Wm. Johnson, Secretary, a*