Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

fetokto (fomta CLonstitationdht oni fcjmbuc Ce' • '*' Trs?* “si r . - . ■ --- .. BY JAMES GARDNER, JR. OFFICE ON McINTOSH-STREET THIRD POOR FROM THR KORTH-WHBT COKNRR OF BRO*t> RTKRKT. Faleßof L AND by Executor*, Administrators or Gnar dians. ace required. by l*<» to be hold eu the “ rs Tuesday in the month, between the hours of ton in the forenoon and three in the afternoon »l the ( out i House in which the property i« situate. »«tw »l these sales mud be given in a pnblln Uatetto, Mill DAYS previous to the day of sale. Sale, of NKGROhS must be at rublie Auction, on the ttr-H. Tuesday of the mouth, between the <>»<>•>> bo"*, of ule, at the place of public wales in I ie c.uuty where the Letters Testamentary, or or Guardianship, may have been grants I. .r* t £ SIXTY DAY S notice thereof. in one ol tl ;ushe Garetles of this Slate, and at the doorot the C nrt House where mtch salos »re to b«» he c Notice for the sales of Personal I report y mustl e g l . iu like manner. FORTY BAY* predion* * ‘ • . Notice to the Debtors and Creditors of an hstate. must be published for FORTY DA' S Court of Nottce 1 loir? NKGROKS. must TWO MONTHS, before any order absolute oau b< given by the Court. „«..orvn ’ TERMS Os ADVERTISING Ono square, 12 lines,’&cents the first insertion, and .>0 cents afterward*. _ LEGAL ADVERTISEMENTS Sheriff*.. Levi.is. 30 lavs. »2 30 per levy; «0 days. S 3. Executor s. Administrator’* aud Guardian s Sales, Real Estate, (per square 121 nee.) Do. do. Personal Estate d *» Citation fur Letters of Administration... - Do do. Dirmiseion „ Notice to Debtors and Creditors 3 25 Two Mouths'Notice* • .• ”* Rules Ni«d, (monthly} <1 par square, each insertion .Obituary Notices over six Hues, will be charged at the kaiuv rates as advertisement* LEG*AL NOTICES. £*?• Notice of lite sale of Land and Negroes by Ad ia ini stratum. Executors nr Guardians, must bo publish ed FORTY DAYS preyi.ms to the duos sale. Notice t » Debtors and Creditors of an estate muat FORTY DAYS Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary for leave to <ell Lam! er Negroes, Mint l»e published TWO MONTHS, weekly k ■=*• Notice of application for Latter* of Admiuistra t >'u. W n.t be published THIRTY D\VS: and Let* ter* d Di'un.vsion of Executor* or Administrators. SIX MONTHS—Di smiasion of Guardians, FORT A DAYS. •h TrlN! u uwl.<e S .les Ik ragi lir Administra tor-. as under the old law. FORTY DAYS. .•/•ALL REMITTANCES PER MAIL, ark at OUR RISC. Al Gl S rA, GA. SATURDAY'MORNING, MARCH 19. Thu Trial of Dr. Gardiner. This trial, now progressing at Washington, is exciting general interest throughout the cotin- i try. There are many peculiar circumstances connected with it, and the result is one involv ing the character of more persons than that of the defendant on trial. It seems impossible that so targe an amount could have been I‘raiidu- I lently abstracted from the Treasury, and yet the ; agents and attornevs through whose aid it was accomplished, be unacquainted with the fraud. I if Dr. Gardiner be guilty.it is a stretch of char- , f ity to suppose them innocent. The Charleston Mercury very justly com- ! meuts on this trial, as follows : Ths Gardiner Case.—The Washington Re- : public of Monday contains the second day’s pro- i feedings in the trial of the above case. Up to this point, but little progress had been made in ' the development of the evidence upon which the ! judgment of an awakened, and scrutinizing pub- i lie sense, must be finally pronounced. The I opening speeches contain their usual quantum i of assertions of guilt on the one side and inno- | cence on the other. We shall watch with much interest the progress made. IfGardiner is inno cent, in heaven’s name let there be just ami free absolution given from the grievous matters laid j at his door. But if guilty, we shall hesitate to j believe that he alone has emerged unclean and j corrupt from a stream which has certainly pour- | ed wealth upon others. It will be seen by the report that the struggle I opened on a very frivolous ground, and in our I opinion, one most unfortunate for the defendant. His counsel were certainly indifferent to the ini- | pression. which such a course would inevitably produce upon truthful minds. Or perhaps they expect to redeem their brave promises to prove j his innocence, by staving off the damning ver- I diet on such flimsy and immaterial issues as this. A man may walk boldly and unmolested ! ftom the custody of the law, to whose perverted j technicalities he owes his release, while there is | a conviction of his guilt deep in the minds of ■ men which nothing can wash out. And so will j it be with Dr. Gardiner, if his counsel, availing . themselves of the traps and pit-falls into which | human justice is ever prone to slip, succeed in I snatching him from the scrutiny of facts and bold • investigation. Far better for him and them that they should ’ disclaim the ate of the trickeries of the act ot I advocacy, which may perhaps enhance their I lame tor ingenuity, but can only augment the ! a.reedy ta*,Mda.4l.e.. unf r- , U—U r Later from Texas. By the arrival of the James L. Day, (says the | X. O. Picayune, 13th inst.,) we have Galveston , papers to the Sth inst., from which, and some j papers from the interior, we gather the following I intelligence. A letter from San Antonio to the Galveston i News says: The removal of the beadquarters of the army has undoubtedly been a drawback to San Anto nio The quarterma»ter’s department is still I ere but that is evicted also to be removed shortly, which be a great loss to the place, j The Galves*” 1 ew ’ 3 -°f t be Sth inst., says: I I [- piston, who is now visiting Texas ' with a »*w to see what can be lone in the wqy i < i a telegraph line from Galveston to j v . -ceport, there to connect with a line project- | the latter place to Natchez, meets with uch encouragement in this city and Houston, as I promises an early commencement of the work, j The merchants of Houston and Galveston are fully alive to the advantages of a telegraphic I connection with the rest of the Union. Tbe dredge machine constructed for cutting a channel up to Lavaca succeeds fully equal to I expectations of the most sanguine. It is esti- I mated that it will cut a channel seventy-five feet long, thirty feet wide, and three feet deep, in twelve hours. It will first be employed in ex cavating a large basin at the end ofthe wharves, alter which it will proceed to open the channel through Gallinipper. The railroad meeting called by the Victoria Advocate, with a view to secure the passage of the Gulf Railroad through that city, as the only means to save that place from utter ruin, has been held with very favorable results. The Ad vocate'says that the sum of 15,000 was promtly subscribed by the citizens, and anticipates $5,000 more, which, added to the $35,000, a sum sufii- j cient as the editor thinks, to induce the directors ; to change the course of the road through Vic- ! tom. The Lavaca Commercial says that recent heavy rains above, and in that vicinity, have swollen all the streams to an unusual height. A washing and drying apparatus, capable of doing the work of forty women, washing, wring ing and drying clothes in thirty minutes, has been built for the Cunard steamer, and another for the Norwich and Worcester steamboat line. The St. Louis Insurance offices have resolved not to take risks on cargoes shipped on second and third class boats, unless at an advanced pre mium. This arrangement has the effect of giv ing a preference to first class, safe boats. Mobii.r Races.—The spring meeting over the Base seh Course at Mobile will commence on Monday, the 21st inst. and will continue through out the week. Great sport is anticipated, as the course has been put in fine order and the stables of Col. Bingaman, Capt. Minor and Hon. D. F I Kenner, and those of several gentlemen from Alabama, will be in attendance. Andrew Norris died at his residence, near Cin cinnati on the Sth, aged 91 years. He wa« with General Washington, at the time of the execu tion of Major Andre. Mrs. Pierce is still in Baltimore, tolerably well in health, but her spirits are still much depres sed. The President returned to Washington on Friday afternoon. The California and Pacific Trade has largely increased from last year. From January 1, to March 1, 1852, Boston sent 15 veesefo, this year same time 48 vessels, New-York last year 24 vessels, this year 68. The arrivals of square rigged vessels at Bos ton since January Ist, have been in number 272, last year 294, showing an increase of 78 vessels in two months. Sixty ships and barques are also, now on their passage to Boston, from vari ous ports in the East Indies and Pacific. Not many of these are now due. AffOTHEK. Visit from Jeb.nv Linb.—A let ter in the New-Orleans Picayune, indicates that Jenny Limd, will visit this country about the first of May, 1854. According to the lust official statement of the various religious professions of the population of Prussia, the Catholics number 6,063,186; the Protestants 9,987,277 ; and Menonites, members of the Greek church, and Jews, 234,351; togeth er 16,285,011. Since this census, the population has increased to within a very few of 17,000,000. There is now a daily mail between Newbern N. C. aud Plymouth Savannah Internal Improvements. We make the following extracts from n letter dated •‘South Western Georgia, Jan. 21, ’’ which appears in the New York Express: “ Great confidence seems to be felt in what ever Georgia lays her hand to. I have often heard it wondered how the citizens of Geoigia had succeeded so in building railroads, keeping I out of debt, and making their roads pay well, i Great caution and prudence were observed in , requiring a good liberal bona tide subscription before starting, rather than reiving on “finan ciering,’’ or selling bonds of the company at a ruinous discount, and then the most watchful economy in the expendituresofthe money ; this characterized the early beginning and progress of Georgia railroads. Such things are not perhaps generally burked for “down South," but it has been true of the past, and a contrary practice even now, with the California and Australian mines showering gold, would be one more honored in the breach than the observance. The first great private enterprise, the building ofthe Central Road, 190 miles long, was com menced in 1534 when the times were hanland money scarce. At the time of its completion, it was the longest single road in the United States; it has been a sort of model or example for others. The pers.uu*/ of this road had much to do with its success. As exhibiting this and showing with what caution and encononry he proceeded, I may state that William W. Gordon, Esq., a ■ distinguished member ot the Savannah bar, at I the time a member of the State Senate. |x>ssess. ; ing largely the public confidence, a most praeti i cal thorough-going man, was elected President. i Mr. Gordon applied to a gentleman of high rep ' utation at the North, as Civil Engineer, tosur ; vey and locate the road; bis salary, 1 think, was Ito be 86000 a year. He came, and very unex pectedly brought with him some twenty assis tant engineers. Harnessing six mules to a car riage, with his champagne baskets up behind, lie jjrec.'e.fodjto some halt doy.li carps , in tin;, ' • iii uwer c'nsteination, and anally said to i him, “ Sir, you have mistaken us entirely, wo I are poor, we look to our subscriber through the I country to do the grading, or to contribute the j means for it, as they may be able, while we hope i to raise as much money from the citizens of' I Savannah as will enable us to buy the iron, and : eiect the superstructure ; but we cannot afford the expense of your numerous coips of engineers . for a single year.” The result was that they | were paid oil’, the matter satisfactorily arranged, ■ and they left the work. ; Among the assistant engineers was F. P. i Holcomb, a young man barely at majority, but I with considerable experience, and had attracted , the attention of Mr. Gordon, and Mr. L. O. Rey- I Holds, the latter now the able and efficient Pres- | ident of the South Western road, it was arrang- | ed that Mr. Reynolds should take the chielship, ; and he gave to Mr. Holcomb the location ofthe | road. Upwards of four years were occupied by ; him with his single small corps in this survey. > the road passing through a country ot difficult topography, a great part of it a wilderness, and intersected by immense swamps, the corps liv- j ing in their tents summer and winter, sleeping on their blankets in the absence of mattrasses ; and the annual expense ot the whole engaged : probably not equaling the salary ofthe former! Chief Engineer. I may remark, as showing the I good judgment of Messrs. Gordon and Reynolds, I that tnrin the admirable location Mr. Holcomb I was universally conceded to have made of this I road, he was recommended by the Chevalier j Bodisco, the Russian Minister, to his govern ment, as an engineer of high capacity and estab lished reputarion. Mr. H. did not go to Russia, but has since located the South-Western, the Co lumbus branch, the Waynesboro’ and Augusta, and is now engaged with his corps in a prelimi nary survey of the Savannah and Pensacola road.—These roads all have connection with the Central, in most of them it is directly interested ; I their length when completed, including the Cen- t tral will be some 700 miles. Among the early employers of the Central Railroad, in a very subordinate capacity, was W. M. Wadley, whose talents and great busi ness energies were discovered, and who became superintendent of the road, managing it and its great freight business with an efficiency and success unsurpassed. He is now managing the State Road, under an Executive appointment from Gov. Cobh; the poor mechanic boy may now be said to be the “ Railroad King’’ of Geor gia. He is the same gentleman to whom your citizen, G. B. Lamar, Esq , recently addressed a letter through the public press, as the prominent internal improvement man of this State, on the subject of the caloric engine. Mr. Gordon, who died before the completion of this road, and to whose memory Savannah should erect a statue, since he started her for a growth and commercial importance that will be unrivalled in the South, was succeeded by R. K. Cuyler, Esq., who, to fine financial talents, joins that of industry, order, care and attention to bu siness, so necessary in a good executive officer. The annual receipts of the road under his ad -rwfnter-r.rTon hnv.-i one —rW .-tfeil. *- furs; Ilii- are receiving eight per . cent, dividend, with a handsome surplu* on hand—the stock being above par, the road out I of debt, and its receipts annually increasing.— ! The system of check and accountability is the ; most perfect I have ever seen, full reports in ■ writing being required ot each conductor of 1 every day’s operations. So much for the persond, and I have dwelt the more upon this subject because it has, proba- i bly, generally as much to do with the success of • railroad enterprises as the character and capac ity of the general and officers of an army have . to do with rhe success of military campaigns. I The Savannah and Pensacola road starts un- I der favorable auspices. Dr. Screven, a man of I large wealth,a citizen of Savannah, is devoting his fortune to the great enterprise, and he is strongly co-operated with by the merchants and others of Savannah, and a large amount ot stock has already been subscribed. But the immediate destination should be Pensacola, then while greatly benefiting Georgia and Florida, it will partake in the objects it will accomplish of that i national character that will make it one of in terest to the whole country.” Gen. Persifgr F. Smith, commander of the Eighth Military Division, has been in New Or- | leans for some time, suffering fiom a prolonged I and severe indisposition. We are glad to say, ( hwever, that under the care of an experienced ! physician, the gallant General lias so far recov- ! ered as to attend to his daily duties and to feel | certain of a speedy and complete cure. We tin- I derstand that he will leave in a few days for j Washington City, and will return thence to j Corpus Christi, the headquarters of his division. ’ Public meetings have been held at Piqua and ; other places in Ohio, to forward the project of ; , constructing a railway from Louisville, Ky., to | I Sandusky, to avoid the delay and loss to com- J | merce, of the periodical suspension of the navi- | gationof the Ohio river between Louisville and Cincinnati. It is stated that the grading of the Louisville and Newport Railroad will be commenced about the Ist of August. Peabody’s American Chronicle is informed by a private letter from Paris that a daughter of Col. Thorne, of New York, is appointed by the Emperor of France one of the ladies of the court for the new Empress. As a peculiarity ofthe season, a late English paper says that in the middle of January men were mowing grass in a field near Weymouth. Melancholy Accident. —A man named Thomas Frame, employed in the chocolate mill of Dr. Jonathan Fell, near the Brandywine Springs, Del., was caught in the machinery. He i was found dead on Wednesday morning, with his hand and arm fast between the cogs, Ids arm torn entirely from his body and his skull frac tured. The Louisville Courier says the receipts of groceries at that place for the first six months of the present season show an excess of upwards of 100 per cent, as compared with last season. It is calculated by the committee who got up the ordinance for the reorganization of the Cin cinnati Fire Departmet, that it will cost the city 845,000 to put the system in operation, but that after the first year it will save the city $20,000 per annum. A Fall from the Washington Monument. —An unknown man tell -from the top of the Washington Monument, in Washington city, on Friday last, and was instantly killed. His remains not being identified up to Saturday eve ning, they were buried by the authorities. The Intelligencer says is it supposed that he entered the interior ofthe shaft of the Monument from the western door about dawn on Friday morn ing, and having clambered up the ladders to the top, missed his footing in his attempt to return, and fell to the bottom of the shaft. In his pock ets were found a few cabbage leaves and some pokerries, but no money. No letter, paper, or matter of any kind was found upon him that could lead to his identification or place of resi dence. An exchange paper suspects that Col. May, who lately married Miss Law, has left the dra goon service to engage in the infant-ry drill 1 ft is probable that his days of dragooning are over. As to bis engaging in infant-ry drill nothing «au be known until next May eomos Lead I’lionuei* of Wisconsin,—The Grant County Herald says the annual amount of lead produced from the Wisconsin lead minesisabout 40,000.000 jiounds, which, at . r > cents a pound, (a low enough estimate now,) amounts to 82,000,- 000. Desi'Krath Mukdekkk.—The Sparta (Ran dolph county, Mo.) Journal gives the following part iciihm: of a recent murder, and the subsequent shooting of the murderer : A Mr. Taylor was mortally stabbed by anoth er man, in a ball-room, near I’inkneyville, and died, in from three to live minutes alter. Lit tle, the murderer, was found.in the woods with in three mi'esof Pinkneyvillff by the sheritl ami two others When called on to surrender, he refused, ami swore he would kill the first man wlm tomb’.sl him. In attempting to secure him, Little stabbed one man in the bead, when he was instantly shot dead by the sheritl. The Louisville Courier states that Capt Vi m. Glover, a former resident ot that city, has ob tained the contract for a daily mail between Louisville nml New Orleans at 150,000. One bundled guns were tired at noon on the 4th inst., on the public landing at Cincinnati, by Uea Democrats, in honor ot the inauguration ot fEoi. Pierce as President ot the Republic. After tire fust of July next, all suits in chance ry and actions in law in Ohio, will have to be biought under the provisions ofthe new code. Reuben Rowland, Esq., Cashier ofthe Branch Bank of Kentucky, at Hopkinsville, died on the 4th inst., after a protracted illness of several weeks. i J held at Cincinnati, on the 3.1 inst., on the person i of Henrietta Dansany, which resulted in her be ing sent to the Commercial Hospital as a lunatic The Enquirer says that Henrietta is a firm be liever in spiritual rappings, and it is believed they have been the principal cause of her in sanity. Affkay in Shrkvefokt.—We learn from the South-western that an affray occurred on Sunday evening, the 27th ult., at the Angle House, in the suburbs of Shreveport, between Messrs. Ro gers and Caruthers, in which the former receiv ed the contents of a shot gum The origin of the difficulty is not stated. Spiritual Ravjino in Arkansas.—The rao ]>ers are on their travels. They have ascended high up Red River on the Arkansas side. The Washington (Ark.) Telegraph of the 2d instant says .• Among the strange things that have occurred recently in our vicinity, we notice the adventof spiritual rapping, which for the last week or two has been in successful operation. AU the small pine tables about town have been made to stand upon one leg and cut up all sorts of antics. The Cincinnati Gazette says that emigrants and emigrant wagons are continually passing by the steamboats to the Great West. The remains of James W. Bates, late mana ger of the Louisville and St. Louis theatres, ar rived at Cincinnati on the Ist inst.. and were followed to their last resting place by a large number of citizens. The Democrats ofthe First District of Con necticut have nominated James T. Pratt for Congress. \ The Cincinnati Commercial says the business of boat building promises to be better in that city during the coming season than in any pre vious year. Lynch law has been-adopted in some parts of Australia where murders and robberies abound. A gang of thieves who were caught stealing gold dust were tied up to trees and whipped un til they became senseless. Gov. Bigler, of Pa., has vetoed the bill to con struct a railroad from Lancaster to Philadelphia, on the ground that it would come in competition with the Columbia road, and thus reduce the State revenue. An English paper thinks it is the first duty of tee-tota!lers to get the duty off tea totally. It is stated tliat_thgrg.areS2,QyO Cubau.youths T/l-ftl.-’T C-.’l-l.r The whigs of the third district, Connecticut, have nominated Hon. Daniel P. Tyler for Con gress. Rowdyism appears to be in the ascendant in Cincinnati. On the night of the 3d a serious riot occurred in the Third Ward. Windows and doors were broken in and much damage was done. Three of the rioters were arrested. The Supreme Court of Ohio has decided that the law authorizing appeals from the Auditor of the State to the Supreme Court is unconstitu tional. The bank cases were therefore dismis sed for want of jurisdiction. The Assessors ot Lexington, Ky., have made their annual report. The total population of the city is 8,351, as follows: Whites—males 2,754, females 2,755; colored —males 1.268, females 1,574. There are 5,509 white, and 2.842 colored persons in the city. The number of free colored persons is 531. This I shows a small increase in population over last 1 year. i The Louisville Democrat says that one of the : ice merchants of that city has gone to Lake Erie I with a large force of hands for the purpose of ' laying in a supply of ice. It will be transported j to Louisville, via Lasalle, 111. ' Childhood.—How beautiful is this simile | from one of Sir Walter Scott's poems : I * The teardown childhood’s cheeks that flows, ‘ Is like the dew-drop on the rose; | When next the summer breeze comes by, i And waves the bush, the flower is dry." We learn from the Wilmington Journal that : the Wilmington boats will hereafter stop at Smithville going and coming, upon all occasions. In noticing the retirement of Rev. Wm. Jay, from a Pastorate of sixty-three years in Bath, England, the Boston Watchman mentions sev eral English Baptist pastors who have enjoyed remarkably tong pastoral relations. Rev. Law rence Butterworth was just sixty-three years pastor of the church at Eversham; the late Rev. Dr. Rippon, editor ofthe Hymn Book which bears his name, was sixty-five years pastor of one church, and there is at least one Baptist pas tor living who has occupied the same pulpit for sixty years. Dr. Collyer has been a devoted pastor at Peckham for more than half a century. An exchange has the following:—Thirty va rieties of cotton have been found growing spon taneously in Africa. A missionary says he has stood erect under the branches of a cotton tree in a Goulah village, so heavily laden with bolls that it was propped up with forked sticks to prevent it from breaking down under its own weight. The cotton was equal to that of any country. The natives manufacture cotton goods extensively. The whole land also, is covered with coffee. In Erravla and Kaffa,2oo lbs. can be purchased for about a dollar. A single tree in Monrovia yielded four and a half bushels in hull at one time, which made 31 lbs. when shelled and dried. The celebrated Mocha coffee comes from the southern part of Africa. Clark Mills, the artist, has now in hand from Congress $70,000—20,000 for the Jackson sta tue, and 50,000 for the Equestrian statue of Washington. How much of this will be clear profit to him is not stated—probably very little. Shot from the Temperance Camp.—“ If Sa tan should loose his tail, by whom could he be supplied with a new one?” Answer- “He could be fitted by “ a re-tailer’’—o( spirits, of course. Mitchell the Irish Patriot, is said to be engaged on a History of Ireland to embrace the year,, 1843-48 inclusive—a letter from him in the Irish papers, substantially saysthat he does riot feel obliged to his friends who have petitioned to the Queen for his pardon. The Lynchburgh (Va.) Express, tells an amu sing story ol a gentleman who got into a Mason ic Lodge in that place, mistaking the gathering for a temperance meeting ; he was soon so ter rified at the proceedings, that he made precipi tate retreat. The Lodge must have had a ver dant “ Tyler f to allow the entrance of a stranger without the pass-word. Isn’t this rather a tough story ? It concludes with the stereotyped exaggeration, that when last hemd from, the man was “ running for hit life.” AUGUSTA, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY MORMN(;, MARCH 23, 1853. | From t/if Al’io Orleans Piiai/unr.] FIFTEEN DAYS LATER FROM CALIFORNIA. AKRIVM. Ol* THE HANIEG XVEUSTI-R The IT. S. mail steamship Daniel Webster, Grail.mi master, arrived yesterday n /J' <,r ’ l ,°'?. n with a number of passengers, and the ai tomia mails, ineluffing San Francisco dates ot the 15th ult. , . . The Webster left San Juan on the 6th inst, ami the Prometheus left; the same <lay lot New York with 350 passengers. California. Wt» ropy from the San Krancisci Herald of the 15th ult. the following resume of the news of the pre\ ions fortnight : The news limn the interior lias been of unu sual interest. The Indians on Dry Creek have kept the neighboiliood in a high state ot excite ment ami alarm on account ot their bold robber ies ami evident hostility. Some brisk tightmg has occurred between them a.ml patties ot the whites sent out !■> chastise them. In those en counters the Indians behaved w ith great COW* age ; several of the whites were killed, one occasion were compelled to retreat, leaving the enemy masters ofthe field. Re]>wta the San Joaquin Valley are to the effect tha Fort Miller has been attacked, and "’at several persons are missing in that vicinity. he Indi ans think that the government of the United States has not acted in good taith XVlth tailing to carry <uit .stipulations ot tlw . and they complain that the Arnericaiis have cwt _ od’ their supplies aud reduced them to a sta.C o*. starvation. Many murders have been com mitted throughout the mining regions, and daily actouts an* received ot outrage ano There lias been great excitement In Calaveras emmly. and a general expulsion of the Mexi cans. A baud <:l’Mexican marailderj tavern-. te.,te i the neighborhood, committing all manber J I ot enormities. The robber Joaquin 1 thuso deso-redm-. »n*4!W 6 ieiiJ; <> . m.i.i. iirririwwr'-*i er. fnaiets have assembled in force and commenced a sys tematic search. Joaquin has eluded all attempts to capture him ; several of his gang have been taken ami hung. The entire Mexican popula tion has been driven from San Andreas and the forks of the Calaveras. Mass meetings have been held and resolutions passed approving of the work of extermination. The utmost con sternation prevails amongst all foreigners. The weather throughout the mines has been generally delightful, and the miners are mostly doing well. The small pox has been prevalent in some parts ofthe State. Very extensive canalling operation are going on for the purpose of supplying the gold regions with water. There is every reason to suppose that the approaching season will enable the mi ners to make amends for their late inactivity. Measures are being taken to construct a plank road from Marysville to Nevada, and improve ments ot every description are being effected. Some beautiful specimens of rubies and emer- | aids have been found in the interior, and also a | magnificent diamond ot the first water. The murderers of the lamented Lieut. Col. Craig were executed at San Diego on the 31st of January. The celebrated Yuba warrior Pas qual was present. , , Benicia has been finally fixed upon as the cap ital of the State. Francisco with unequivocal success. Phillip's fire annihilator has been tested in San i '■ The Governor’s recommendation ot an exten sion of the city front, has met wiih the entire ! condemnation of the municipal government and I of the citizens at large. A committee has been j 1 appointed by the Legislature to investigate the j I matter, and evidence is now being gathered up- [ ■ on the subject. I ! The Common Council of San Francisco adop- | ' ted a resolution enjoining the Commissioners of I I the Funded Debt from disposing of city proper- j ty. The Mayor withheld his approval. I 1 The weather in San Francisco during the last j two weeks has been delightful in the extreme. , 1 Miss Catherine Hayes is absent for the pres- ' f ent on atourtnrough the interior, The prize 1 ticket for her first concert at Sacramento sold for ; I SI2OO. Miska Hauser, the celebrated violinist, is giv- j ing concerts at San Francisco Hall. I Theatricals promise to be well patronized du- ! ring the ensuing season. The talented American tragedian, Mr. Jas. Stark, is about to undertake a journey to Austra lia, together with his lady. ' The California Methodist Conference closed its session on Tuesday last. A Frenchman named Lemantour has applied to the Land Commissioners to be confirmed in ' his claim of an immense tract of land, comprising within- its limits a goodly portion ot the city ot ' San Francisco. i j On the 21st of November there occurred a ; riot at Amoy, in China; an attack was made j upon certain Europeans, and the British ma- j ■ rines were obliged to lire upon the natives.— | The King of Siam acknowledges himself a tri- ‘ butary to China. The rebellion in. China is , ' more threatening than ever. The insurgents gathering forre. been invested with ample powers lor conduc- . ting operations against, the rebel bands. | ' A Portuguese fleet of Jorchas had a fight of ' two hours with the pirates of Ningpo, ofi the ; ; Fohkien coast. The steamship Great Britain, or one much I like her, was seen entering Hobson’s Bay, Aus- | tralia. No movement of importance has been made | by the British troops in Burmah. The death of ; Admiral Austin renders Commodore Lambert the senior office in the Indian seas. A superior quality of sugar is being manufac- ; tured in the Sandwich Islands. A joint stock ; company to carry on a sugar plantation in the I islands, is about to be organized. The proclama- i tion of the new Constitution of the islands took ; place with many formalities on the 6th Decern- i ber. The intention of transferring the sover eignty ot the islands to the United States lias been officially repudiated by the organ ol the government. We find the following in the Herald relative to the diamond mentioned above : “ We have received a communication descrip tive of this remarkable stone, which was found within two miles ol Columbia, in Tuolumne county. It is to be exhibited in Stockton and this city for a short time, prior to the departure ofthe owner for New-York. Our correspon pent informs us that it has been carefully and scientifically tested by Dr. F. Banks, a graduate of the Medical University of Louisiana, who pronounced it beyond all doubt, to be a diamond of very rare purity. . It is said to be larger than the Crown Diamond of England, which is val ued at ten million of dollars. We are informed by a gentleman who has seen it, that it is about the size of a pigeon’s egg, but is of course still in the rough. Should this turn out to be true, its value will be enormous, aud a new source of boundless wealth open to our miners ; for this of course cannot be the only stone ofthe kindin the country. Diamond mines are just as well defined as gold mines.” The steamer New Orleans. Capt. Wakeman, was to leave San Francisco, in the latter part of February for Australia. She would be the se cond steamer from San Francisco for Australia. Many of the California miners, induced by the flattering accounts from that Continent, were preparing to journey thither. It is said that the excitement produced in many parts of California, by the letters received from Australia, was equal to that which existed in the Atlantic States, on the first accounts being received ofthe wonder ful discoveries in the“ Eureka State.” The Herald says that a petition was in circu lation requesting General Pierce to appoint Governor Bigler Charge to the Republic of Chili. The Tennessee, the steamer which left San Francisco, on the 15th ult., for Panama, took $2,430,035 worth of gold dust. The Mayor of San Francisco, and the officers ofthe Federal Government gave a dinner, on the 28th January, to M. Dillon, “ upon,” as it is announced “ the accession of Louis Napoleon to the imperial throne,” the occasion being seized to pay a compliment to M. Dillon, personally. Nearly al! the other fareign Consuls at the port were invited and partook of the banquet. Capture and Plunder of the American schooner Susan Sturges at Queen Charlotte's Island. We (San Francisco Herald) have been furnish ed by our marine reporters with the following narrative respecting the capture and plunder of the schr. Susan Sturges by the tribe of Indians called the Massetts, residing on the northward of Queen Charlotte’s Island : On Thursday, September 23, 1852, sailed from Skidegate’s Harbor, east side of Queen Char lotte’s Island, bound to Edensaw’s Harbor, at North Island. We had on board the chief, Eden saw, and his wife and child, with two of the Skidegate Indians, one of which had been to California in the above named vessel. His name is Winett. Nothing extraordinary happened until we rounded Point Rose, on Saturday, 25th September, when a canoe came alongside the vessel. They told Edensaw they were from Fort Simpson, and were bound to Masset Har bor. lie asked me to allow some of them to come on board ; but as that was quite against iny rules, I refused. They then traded some fish for tobacco, and went away. On the fol lowing morning (Sunda,y) at about half-past nine o’clock, some canoes came off from Mas sett Harbor, we being about four miles off’to the northwest. I commenced trading with them for fish, believing that to be their object, as near ly all of the canoes had more or less iish in them. I now counted twenty-live canoes around the ship, but never suspected an attack, having had a similar number around her before; I therefore continued trading on the starboard side of the quarter-deck. The chief, Edensaw, was passing the tobacco into the canoes, one of the seamen lowering the fish into the hold, and another on the main deck, at the port gangway. While in this scattered position a largo canoe came along on the port side, and one of the Indians jumped over the nettings on to the deck—l ran from the quarter-deck to stop him anil make him leave the ship, but al: this signal the vessel was board ed simultaneously on all sides, by at least one hundred and fifty men. I was in a moment completely surrounded and overpowered ; Rob ert Ford, the man in the gangway, was knocked down nnd Stripped of his Clothes'; Janies Corn den wr- served in the same manner; John Caul field ran ®lolt, Robert Lang (the mate) made for t ’ c?.bin to arm himself; the cook was raughUn l ie trnhey, and Henry Smith at the • *• °l these were unarmed. 1 rushed at the £ s<- Ir ’iari who boarded, and was about to fire a‘him. but Was seize, I by two ot hers from behinu. thrown on my bad;, and dragged to wards the stern of the vessel. Here I managed to break away from them, but was immediately covered byfiveorsjx muskets pointed a: my bressL and was only saved by the duel 's wile forcing herself between the | n dia i s and myscll. Thechiel then came up to me, and by dint ol iorec dfi’.'ised me away horn them towards the cabin. T .thiF he had been defending the cabin'*?, *-^*b O ut ‘waive Indians, all armed with kniy«« :nd moH with muskets. Here I fonttd Hout. Lan#, with a musket about to lire, but f I* s •'Vested him from so doing by telling himjhat Were ovorpowert.l, and by killing ortewf tb?m would cause the I<hs of all our lives. As it vvcs,one man was standing over me with bis sn’it • close to my neck for the purpose of grasping his wrist I pievent , ed,Wd'• ai-complisbing his design. Klien- up to this man anti from some Wiveen them the intentions ofthe ’ Ui ’wdy changed, and from being an I?” 1 my friend. Notwithstanding rcement (our number being only t£n)iwpc’ hl not prevent a sudden rush that V, which the cabin was immediately broklfi ope , atul a light ensued between the cbi«»h'i ne of the other men. in which the fornmr bi»'l is Bose nearly cut off. During this nn •' fed to make my escape to the after cabin, Y'h- T I bund four < f my men secreted, all beinr ...sped naJr -jl ami one slightly wound iritt:. ww*)»y aJMket ball. Ho*'!’ '•*’ ' I rious the chief, Edensaw, ami liis w ’(te' to preserve our lives, they tlu?Y • 11 t° ransack the whole oi the w <d, ci/L down all the sails and let go the anchors. They removed all the spare sails from the hold, as well as the fish and stores.— The) also took the out of the Lazarette, which was placed there for safety, containing 31500—51000 in gold, SSOO in silver, besides several small amounts of private cash, amounting to about S2OO. During the whole of this time they were shouting most vigorously for my life. I was therefore obliged to keep myself secreted, as it was their intention to shoot both me and ray men if we made our appearance. In the meantime Edensaw made a treaty with them to spare our lives for a quantity ol cotton and tobacco, whereupon they began cutting the up per deck of the after-cabin and the bulkhead at the same time. By this manceuvre, and their numbers ftey overpowered Edensaw and his men, and forced us to quit the alter-cabin.- — Whilst I was making a rush lor the outer-cabin, one ofthe follows made a thrust at me with his knife, which I avoided by falling down amongst their feet, and thus scrambled out on deck. Here I was taken prisoner by a chief named Scowell, who toltljiie in pretty *gQod English that his wife’s a Boston man, and he would protect me. It being impossible for rne to re turn to Ki ensaiv. I went with him in his ca noe, where ’ was covered with a blanket for protection, when we immediately made for the shore. After many privations and difficulties encountered on the land, both by the mate and myself, we at length reached Fort Simpson, where we weie received by Mr. John Work, Chief Fa tor of the Hudson Bay Company, from whom we received every attention aud kindness that it was in the power of man to be stow. Having stated our case to him, he imme diately despatched a canoe far the remainder of the men, three of whom he was fortunate enough to recover, anti one Edensaw brought himself to the Fort. In concluding this narrative I have to return my thanks to Mr. John Work, Chief Factor, and Capt. W. McNeil, of the Hudson Bay Com pany’s establishment at Fort Simpson, for their kind attentions to myself and crew. Matthew Rooney. Indian Difficulties. The Stockton Journal has trie following let ter : Mariposa, Jan. 31, IS-53. We are. as you have no doubt been advised, in a high state of excitement and alarm, on ac count of the recent Indian depredations in this vicinity. It appears that parties living on the lower Maiipv, 4 aw 4 ' j the Chowchilla, have lost du ring the a inter a considerable number of horses and mules, without being able to discover the marauders. At last a large line horse was stolen, and being weli shod, his large deep footprints in the soft earth led the party in search of him to the lancherias of about one hundred Indians, men, women and children, situated near the Chowchilla. The Americans,five or six in num ber, before approaching the village, dismounted and bitched tbeig horses, and advanced on foot. The Indians > ’nr ed indispose'’ to parley—no *ue o<aie i , p . ..i. . • ... movements n < fle part of the savages, fired his ml ’, killing t . r leader, and fell himself almost at the same instant, pieiced with several arrows. The fight then became general. Dr. Westfall was severely wounded in his pistol hand, and discovering that the Indians were about to cut them off'from their horses, they retreated, leav ing Starkie on the ground. A day or two after this event another party returned to the village and found the mutilliated body of Starkie, partly consumed by ore ; the Indians, who had taken alarm at their approach, had lied from their vil lage and taken a position on a high rocky point of the mountain, from whence they hurled defi ance at their enemies. The party burned the village, with all their provisions, t.aps, etc., and retired. The party, increased to twenty-five men, a day or two thereafter,started again in pursuit ofthe enemy, and discotere.i the enemy about five miles dis tant irom tl 5 . r former village, building new ran cherais. The party approached the camp about day break, undiscovered, and commenced the attack. The Indians immediately fled in great disoider, leaving some ten or twelve dead on the' ground. The American party met with no injury except a flesh wound received by Mr. Roane, ol this place from an arrow. Why is it that our government does not do something to prevent the recurrence of these things? These Indians think the government of the United States has not acted in good faith with them, in not carrying out the stipulations ofthe treaty and they complain that the Amer canshave cutoff their supply of fish, destroyed their acorn trees, and have killed or driven away the deer from their hunting grounds, and that they are in ■< state bordering on actual starva tion. Formerly, when other resources failed them, they helped themselves to a few cattle or horses ! their Mexican neighbors, and the ! very trifoig value of such property to the j owners seldom induced them to pursue them i They cannot conceive any more appropriate use for a fat nude than to appease their hunger.— ■ Surely something should be done speedily for their relief and protection, There are a few unfeeling men in the community, who, accus tomed to frontier lile, seem to take a savage joy in events which afford them an opportunity of showing upon their “natural” enemies the skill with which they handle (ire arms. I’. S.—lt is rumored here that, the San Joaquin Indiansfaave been doing mischief. The report needs confirmation. Indian Robberies on Dry Creek—Arming of the Pecyrle.—Fight with the Indians.— The Sacramen to Union gives an account of a protracted fight between a party of whites and a band of Indians on Dry Creek, near its junction with the Mo quelumne The Indians, it appears, had stolen a large quantity of goods from the bouse of an Amerifan, and when ordered to restore them, refused. Some sixteen persons assembled, armed, and prow led a second time to the Indian vil lage. jyb. n the Indians saw them coming, cover of a thick brush, where they have been concealed or occu pied, aud k'oic refuge in their houses. They were about twenty in all. The party of whites informed them that they did not come to fight, but to reclaim the goods. The Indians drew out of their houses, and one of them advanced among the whites. Another of their number was seen to raise a rifle, which he fired on the instant, at one of the party, fifteen or twenty paces off, but did not hit him. The whites re turned the lire unanimously, killing two or three of the Indians. They then seized upon an In dian amongst them, who proved to be the same that had drawn the pistol over the head of Mr. Drew. Having tied him to a tree, while the Indians kept up a lire upon them from their houses, into which they had again retreated, the whites killed him and withdrew, but not until they haff exhausted all their ammunition. A force of thirty or forty whites v,’;*,a again coHected and started on Saturday tor the Ranch- *“6 Indians had betaken themselves to an island in D r y Creek, surrounded on all sides by a broad sheet of water. They had seized all the boats an the river and the whites were t(ng ble to got at them. Their position was found to be regularly fortified by the cutting down ol brushwood, and piling it up as a breastwork of defence. In reply to inquiries addressed to them from the shore, they said it was their chief who had committed the robbery, and that it was also in accordance with his commands that they hud fired upon the whites. They refused to give lnm up, and said, with true Spartan heroism, that il the whites desired to secure him they “ must come and take him.” hi reply to this; insolence the whites again fired upon them. The lire was promptly returned, the hidians showing great biuveiy, and venturing to the very water's edge to discharge their pieces. Their bullets rattled about the heads of the whiles in every direction, and to protect themselves they were compelled to shelter of trees, logs, Kc. Night cloning in, the parly retreated, leaving the Indians masters ofthe field. When Mr. Benson left, the whites were col lecting in still greater force to make a third at tael, in Ihe meantiiiie men were stationed alung the creek, nt propei iiileivals, to keep watch upon the movements of tba enemy From the San Joaquin Valley. Rumored Attack on Fort Milbek. — In ad dition to the account ol the Indian disturbances in the Chowchilla, published by us yesterday, the Storkton Journal publishes a report that the Indians have attacked Fort Miller, and also kill ed Mr.Conver.se at Converse's Ferry, on the San Joaquin, and carried off his wile into cap tivity. Four hunters, who formerly made regu lar visits into Mariposa from the Chowchilla, are al.*o ropoited as missing. These are only straggling minors, more likely to be false than correct, and we get them in a questionable shape. We hardly consider them worthy ofthe sligh test credit. From th»» Sanwlch Islands. W<‘ glean the following items from our Sand which Island exchanges: Reception oe Tin-: News or Mr. Webster’s Death at Honolulu.—The news of the death ofDaniel Webster was received in Honolulu on Ilth ot December. It filled his many friends and admirers there with profound regret, and immediately called forth a notice from E. H. Allen, the American shipmasters in port ot the melancholy fact, and requesting them to set their flags at half-mast as an expression of re spect to bis memory. In compliance with this request, the ships in the harbor, of which there were sixty or seventy, wore their ensigns at half-mast on the 12th, thus exhibiting a regret as deep as that felt by any other class of Ameri can citizens, either at home or abroad. Destroying Seized Liquors.—The Collec or of Commons at Honolula has a large quanti ty of seized liquors in his hands, wnich the law requires him to sell for the benefit of the Royal Exchequer. A petition, signed by 103 foreign ers and 182 natives, resident in Honolula, was presented to the Privy Council, praying that this liquor might be destroyed instead of sold. The Privy Council refer the petitioners to the Legislature, which has the sole jurisdiction over tne subject. nullities, on the 6th of December. The election of the first Parliament miller it was to take place December 3d. By its provisions, every male subject of his Majesty, whether native or adopted, and every denizen of the kingdom, who have attained the full age of twenty years ; or who shall have resided on the islands lor one year immediately preceding the election, shall be entitled to one ifote for a representative of the district in which he may reside. Coolies.—A Chineese correspondent of the Polynesian complains that those employing Chi namen take them to the Fort and have them whipped, and kept upon bread and water for two, three or four weeks. French Commissioner.—On the 25th Decem ber, says the Polynesian, a communication was received from Mon. Perrin, at Panama, Commis sioner of France to this court. He was about to start for Callao to join a ship of war, ordered to convey him and his chancellor and domestics to Honolulu Annexation or the Island.—The Polyne sian denies that any treaty was ever negotiated by which the Sandwich Islands were to be ceded to the United States. It says: Itis hardly ne cessary for us again to assert, so far as our island readers are concerned, that neither his Majesty nor the people of these islands, have the least desire to yield their rights in the islands to any power on earth, so long as their rights and their acknowledged independence are respected. And why should they ? 7%e islands are theirs. They have a government that suits them, and in which thej* participate. They have the most perfect acknowledgment of their rights guarantied by a most liberal constitution. They are at peace within their borders and with all the world.— They cherish their own little ewe lamb as the apple of their eye, and where is the David that would wrest it from them ? From Oregon. Our dates from Portland are to the 6th ult. A democratic territorial Convention was to be held at Salem on the 2d of April. Capt. O. S. Hall was killed near Portland on the 25th ult., by the falling of a tree. Captain James Loring, formerly of Cincin nati, Ohio, died near Portland on the 27th ult., of an apoplectic fit. On the Bth December, at the Dallas, it com menced snowing, says the Times, and continued for twenty-two days and nights. Winds from the northeast generally. Snow attained a depth of some 18 inches—was quite cold, thermometer on the south side of houses, stood three degrees below zero. As far back as the De Shutee river, snow had disappeared. The death among the horses, mules and cattle has been great—it would be about a fair calculation to say that 19-20ths of the cattle had died, and about two out of three of the horses and mules. Some of those engaged in the busi ness of ranching stock have lost all—some have not lost more than four-fifths, while one or two individuals have not lost more than one-hall of their stock. On John Day’s river, our informant learn ed that not more than half the cattle had ,r ’ ’-'I,? :n the Valley of the Walla Walla "" s,,nw there on tne Utilla river, snow fell several inches deep, but disappeared in a few days. The Indians lost a great many of their horses on the Columbia river, from the Cascades up to the Dalles. Government lost some of their fat mules and cattle, as also Mr. Olney and Messrs. Smiths. Mr. Olney lost a great many of his hor ses. Messrs Huntingdoris have lost all their American cows, some two hundred in number. Provisions are scarce at the Dalles, except flour, sugar, coffee, and tea, which is plenty and cheap enough. The Murderers of Col. Craig. The California papers publish the following official report from Col. J. B Magruder, U. S. A. of the execution of the soldiers who murdered Col. Craig. Mission or San Dieso,(Cai..) Feb. I, 1853. Sir—The prisoners. Acting Corporal Hayes and private Condon, 2d Infantry, were executed on the parade ground of this post, at 12 o’clock, M., yesterday—the last day of the period allow ed me to carry the sentence into effect. I had personally communicated to them, four days be fore, the result of the trial, and the day and hour when the execution would take place, and, at their request, had notified the Roman Catholic priest, whose services they desired. The Indians of the surrounding country having been ordered, in June last, to apprehend these men, which was accomplished by one ol their Chiefs, 1 thought proper to summon the Alcaldes and i Captains to be present at their execution, as an example to themselves of the efficacy ot our laws, and an inducement to the prompt obe dience, on their part, of any orders they might receive in future from the properly authorized officers of the Government. Almost every tribe was represented, there be ing present nearly one hundred Chiefs. Cap tains, and principal men. This involved the ne cessity of supplying them with beef and brea<|, which I ordered the A. C. S. of this Post to is sue to them. T also notified the civil authori ties of the county, and invited their attendance. The gallows being erected on the parade ground, the troops were formed in line, flanked on either side by a section of Light Artillery in battery, facing the place of execution. On the left of this line, and perpendicular to it, were ar ranged the Indian Chiefsand Captains. On the right, in like manner, the civil officers and citi zens of San Diego. The forms of dress parade having been gone through, the proceedings of the Court Martial and orders in these cases, were read. After which a cart, in which were the prisoners, seated on their coffins and clad in white shrouds, approached, with the priest and a guard of twelve men in the rear, under the im mediate command of the officer of the day.— Having reached the place of execution with the guard in line opposite the gallows, and faring the batalion, they dismounted, and received, on their knees the last exhortations ofthe priest. The proceedings ofthe Court by which they were tried : the order of the President ot the U. States confirming the same; the letter of instruc tions from the headquarters of the Pacific divi sion, and my own order of the day were then read to them by the Adjutant. Having ascend ed the scaffold and been informed that the time had arrived when they might address those sent, if they thought proper, they made short addresses—confessing their crimes with peni tence-—warning all against their example, and taking a touching farewell of their comrades.- The ropes were then adjusted and the caps placed over their eyes by the corporal of the guard, when, upon a signal from the officer of the day. the rope which supported the trap was Severed at a blow, and they were launched into eternity without a struggle, dying with a spirit worthy of a better cause. Their bodies were subsequently interred in consecrated ground by tho police—the funeral services being performed by a Roman Catholic clergyman,, ‘phe command exhibited on this cue.,smn, as indeed it has done throughout the whole of this transaction, the utmost steadiness and a high state as discipline. I have been thus particular in my description, as this is, I believe, the first case of a military execution, by hanging, in time cu peace, which has occurred in the ar my, and 1 desired to fulfill to the letter my in structions—that the sentences should be carried into effect “ with all due solemnity.” Later in the afternoon I caused some shot and shell to be thrown at a target prepared for the purpose, in order to show the Indians the effect of artillery. The shelling was very accurate, and they seemed much surprised and impressed with the result*. To-day the remains of the late Bvt. Lt. Col. Craig, arrived from the Desert, and will be bu ried to-morrow, with the honors of war, by the side ofthe gallant officers who fell at San Fas qual. I am,sir, very respectfully, your obd’t serv’t., [Signed. | .1. B. Magrudkh, Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. A. Coindg. Post. To Maj. K. D. Townsend, Asst. Adjt. Gen. IT. S. A., San Fran. M. 11. Medary, the clerk of the Ohio House of Delegates who knocked down one of the members on the floor, a tew days ago, Ins been dismissed from office. Col. Benton has in press a pamphlet on the subject of the Pacific railroad—it will be out very stuoii, and is looked lor with great interest. VOL. 32 -NEW SERIES -VOL- 8. NO 7. /Uififrlliiin’oiis. [From the Jllhany Journal.\ State Asylum for Idiots. About half way between here and Troy stands a house that used to be a famous rendez vous for races, fairs, sleighing parties, drinking, and all manner ol merry-making—the old “Bull’s Head” Tavern. Two years ago the sign of the Bull’s Head was taken down, and the place sold to the State of New York. If you go there now, you will find a plain, unpretending, dark-colored edifice, everything about which is kept with the most scrupulous neatness. You enter, and you find black-boards, pictures, books, dumb-bells, ladders, and other apparatus', indicating that it is either a school, oi a gymnasium, or both. Anil so it is. But there is a strange set ot scholars. Boys with the vacant,lackluster stare of confirmed luna tics. Girls with a look of senseless animal im becility. Children on whose faces there has been a ray of intelligence ; and nearly grown tip young men and women engaged in the occu pations and plays of children live or six years old. The instructors have watchful, care-worn look, as if they knew their charges could not he trusted to perform even the simplest avocations without constant help and guardianship. It is the State Asylum for Idiots. From the Annual Report of the Institution just issued, we learn that there are now for ty-two pupils under treatment. Applications have been made for the admission of nearly as many more, byt were refused because there was no room for them. During the time this experiment has been in operation its results have been of the most grat ifying character. Three years ago it was a rnat terofserious doubt, whether it was possible ever educate this unfortunate class of beings, so as to be of any use to themselves or others. Now, it may be considered demonstrated beyond a .L,..’14 He a gvateyx. .f jrenqnd tiaioine, lirat in . physical exercises, then By siow steps to simple , mental exertion, they are led finally to a know!- ■ edge of duties, responsibilities, and the truths of religion. To use the words of the Superintendent, “we , have taught a child to walk when we had first to awaken or cultivate a fear of falling as an in centive to any efforts on her part. We have awakened perceptions of sounds in ears where the sense of hearing resided without the use ol it. We have developed perceptions of sight through eyes that had never performed their ap propriate office. We have been teaching children to speak in every stage of articulation.” Cases that three years since only promised to be hope less, helpless burdens to their friends al! their lives, have been elevated to the rank of happy, useful members of society. In almost all casesand with very few, if any exceptions, these usually called idiots, under the age of 12 or 15, may be so trained and instruct ed as to render them useful to themselves, and fitted to learn some of the ordinary trades, or to engage in agriculture. Their minds and souls can be developed so that they become responsi ble beings, acquainted with their relations to their Creator and a future state, and their obli gations to obey the laws and respect the rights of their fellow citizens. In all cases, we believe, for we have seen what has been accomplished in apparently desperate cases, they can be made cleanly and neat in their personal habits, and enabled to enjoy the bounties of Providence and the comforts of life, and to cease being incum brances and annoyances to the families in which they reside.—2nd .Annual Report. It remains now for the State to do her share in carrying on the work so successfully com menced. It is estimated that there are in the State 2,800 idiots, of whom at least one-quar ter or 700 are under 14 years of age, and suitable subjects for instruction. The annual appropria tion of SI,OOO is insufficient to meet the require ments of a school containing more than the pre sent number ol inmates. It is asked that ac commodations be granted for 100 pupils, and for such improvements in the building, increase the number of instructors, &c., as may become nec essary, from, time to time. The appropriation under which the building was purchased, and the Asylum put in operation, expires on the 10th of J ul'y. It will be a question for the present Leg islature whether so benilicent a public charity is not worthy of being placed upon a permanent basis. [From the Home Journal] Interesting to Ladies. Two Looks at the Same Thing.—Thackeray compliments our country by saying, 1 “here where your men of letters take their manly share of public life.” Horace Mann, in a lec ture delivered a few days after, thus pictures this same “ public life,” apropos of women’s ta king a part in it:—“But politics! How is it possible that any mortal who has lived within the horrid stench of that black lake, can desire to see women embarked on its turbid waters! It presents one of the x ilest phases of our civili zation. God save our wives and daughters from the fickleness, the raucorousness, and the savage- Women Fascinating; When Old.— [We re member being impressed by nothing more viv idly, when first mingling in society in Europe, than with the new class of charming women— the old who still preserved their powers of fascina tion. We fell in love with them, right and left, and were perpetually recurring to our mem ories of American society, thinking oves the old women we had known, who Might lave been just as delightful. We have often thought of writing on this subject, but we find it now, ad mirably treated in an article in Harper’s Maga zine , from which v>*e make the following ex tract : I —“ Women, then, possessing' education beauty, and wit. maintain an empire in Paris, unequalled elsewhere in extent and influence. But it is not a power which abides because once possessed. To maintain its conquests, unremit ting care is required. Woman reigns supreme, but her supremacy depends upon her legitimate attractions. The beauty of a Frenchwoman is not sp. strong ly characteristic as that of an EnglUhmau, Ger man, Italian, or Spanish. (t may, but rarely doos, possess the delicacy of the American, al though it often combines the clear complexion, dark hail*, aud piercing or soft blue eyes ol the others. It is more of a mosaic than that of other countries. But its strength lies rather in her esprit. This is never extinguished. Some wo men drop their beauty as they do a garment, all !at once. From being superb they become hide ous. Others lose it by degrees, and gracefully fall back from emZ>o»yx»HZ to their hair, and oom their hair to teeth; these gone, thq brilliant speaking eyes remain, conversing still all their triumphs. As they lose thvil lustre, and the fig ure its elasticity, most women withdraw from society, as being too. dilapidated to add to its at tractions or receive from it enjoyment. Not so with French ladies. They skilfully conceal the assaults of time by the arts ofthe toilet, and retain the power, and if possible become more attractive, by their inexhaustible esprit, into the spiritui 'l depths of which they plunge as into a fountain of youth. The respect and attention paid to age is de. lightful to witness. Society is not made up merely of thoughtless youth, whose highest aim is amusement, but parents take the lead, and children are content to follow their guidance. The art of conversation, as well as that of danc ing, is cultivated, and soirees and receptions give scope to more elevating exchange of thoughts, than mere gossip or chit-chat. It requires intel lectual effort to maintain a good footing in Pa risian society. One must know something, or be a lion, however small. Grace of figure, and skill of legs are not the only needful accomplish ments. Society, j;; which the souvenirs of M'fla de la Fayetto, Madames Sevigne and Rocamier are cherished, and a long list of nsqpe* as either sex, illustrious in all that a drawing-room brilliant and attractive, is w.t content with the trite and commonplace. 1 he past must be ransacked to*; its stores of wit, and the future anticipated in its progress. Who, then, is so well-fitted to shine in Parisian soci ety as an experienced, intelligent women ? So long as she can enter a drawing-room she nev er grows old. Her memory becomes a treasury of anecdotes for the young, ol wisdom for th® adults. Like Madame de la Crequy, at ninety six years of age she can at onee retain the res pectful admiration and gallantry of the Emper or Napoleon, and the affection and respect of youth. It has been truly said that every states man, artist, poet In short, every mar, who has not passed som* years in the intimacy ot old Parisian w '”Len, has failed in his education of the world. Sooner or later his lite will resent this wrong. The secret of their great superiority, so says Leon Gozlan, andl believe him, is easily ex plained. As they grow old they preserve tne delicacy of the woman, and acquire the good sense of a man. As the wine of which Homer speaks, they become honey by the virtue of their years. Living by reason alone, they are dead to the passions. No one deceives them. Why should they .< There is no longer call for coquet ry, or anything to gain by flattery. The solid charms of reason and wisdom gather about them a continual harvest of re-peet and atten tion. But this could not bo, had she not pre pared herself to bo the guide, campanion, and counsellor of the young—a preparation not to be made by the weak instincts of American mo thers, which banish them from society to the kitchen or nursery, leaving their sons and daugh ters, in all their inexperience and youthful ar dour, to the unrestrained indulgence ot their vanities and unfledged emotions, in the pernici ous atmosphere of our juvenile ball-rooms. Let us have inuodbnee and beauty at our social gath erings, but let them be chaperoned by parental care and experience. So sh ill society in America be redeemed from its frivolity, to the higher purposes of intellectual entertainment; and pa rents and children have less reason te complain of mutual neglect.” Jackson Railroad.—We have before ns the act incorporating the New Orleans, Jackson and Great Northern Railroad Company. Itsgeneral provisions an' the same as those of the OpeluUsaX toad of which we have already given digest. It fixes the capital stock ol tbvA company at $,8000,00H, to be divided foto . 20,000. shares ot $25, instead of $3,000,000, as in the original chattel —TV. tj F's. 1116 ins(. Another Visit from Jenny Lind. The following letter is taken from the New Orleans Picayune: New York, Feb. 18, 1853. The successor of Madame Sontag in concert and opera has induced Jenny Lind to determine upon again visiting the United States. Ihe un happiness of her domestic relations may have had some influence upon her in coining to this decision ; but that she will again visit our shores, should her life be spared, is a fact beyond dispute. She has already made arrangements to perform in opera in several of the principal portions of Germany during the present year, and has also campletcd arrangements to give one season of operatic performances in London during the year 1854. Upon the conclusion of these, She will depart for this country, and will probably reach herein May ofthe ensuing year. In support of what I Lave written, I will state that Mr. Ulman, the present able manager of Madame Sontag, Las received formal proposi tions from Jenny Lind, to act as her agent in this country, and I understand that that gentleman lias accepted them. It is hi.; intention, after finishing his engagement with Madame Sontag, to visit Europe, to select a troupe to support Jenny during her stay in this country. The programme of her arrangements in the United States, will be to visit New York first, and after giving a number offavorite operas here, she will then make a tour of all the principal cities and towns ofthe Union. I alluded above to the domestic difficulties of Jenny Lind. These, I am informed upon the most reliable authority, exist, and are still be coming of the most serious and unpleasant na ture. Shortly after the honeymoon, some tri fling misunderstanding occurred between her and Mr. Goldschmidt, (her husband.) which has been daily increasing until hersutterings are now too intolerable to be endured. His petty acts of selfishness, and his determination to rule Lei as with a rod of iron, have caused her the greatest unhappiness, and a separation br.s 1 a.W •efirtiilrt- - inlormwl, liwn ihui—4 li,iou—..XluLfel t.ilotvl■ generosity of Jenny is one ofthe malnTaiffles i»»* • _ ■ the difficulty, her husband being opposed to the giving away of anything. But then, it may be v that the high temper which Jenny displays at times, has also its effect in rendering her home unhappy. Certain it is, such a state of things, exist, and what 1 have written above you wilt find corroborated to t he very letter. Who is the Duchess of Sutherland ’ A letter to the New York Tribune answers this important inquiry. After describing the effects of the tyranny and harshness of the ari- • toeracy of Scotland, the writer proceeds : It was only after 1811 that the ultimate and real usurpation was enacted, the forcible trans formation of clan property into the private piop erty, in the modern sense, of the Chief. The person who stood at the head of this economical revolution was a female Mehemet Ali, who had well digested her Malthus—the Countess of Suth erland, alias Marchioness of Stafford. Let us first state that the ancestors of the Mar chioness of Stafford were the “ great men,” ofthe most northern part cf Scotland, of very near three-quarters of Sutherlandshire. The country is more extensive than many French depart ments or small German Principalities. When the Countess of Sutherland inherited these es tates, which she afterwards brought to her hus band, the Marquis of Stafford, afterwards Di ke of Sutherland, the population of them was alrea dy reduced to 15,000. My lady countess resolved upon a radical econ • omical reform, and determined upon transform ing the whole tract of country into sheep-walks. From 1814 to 1820, these 15,000 inhabitants, about 3000 families, were systematically ex pelled and exterminated. All their villages were demolished and burned down, and all their fields converted into pasturage. British soldiers were commanded for this execution, and camo to blows with the natives. An old woman,*r e fusing to quit her hut, was burned in the flames of it. Thus my lady countess appropriated to heiself seven hundred and ninety four thousand acres of land, which from time immemorial hail belonged to the clan. In the exuberance ofher generosity, sheallot ted to the expelled natives about 0000 acres— two acres per family. These COOO acres had been laying waste until then, and brought no revenue to the proprieture. The countess was generous to sell the acres at 2s. 6d. on an aver age, to the clannren, who for centuries past had shed their Idood tor her family. The whole of the unrightfully appropriated clan land she divi ded into 29 large sheep farms, each of them in habited by one single family, mostly English farm laborers < and in 1821 the 15.000 Gaels had already been supeiseded by 131,000 sheep. A portion of the aborigines had been thrown upon the seashore, and attempted to live by fish ing. They became amphibious, and, as an Eng lish author says, lived half on land and half on water, and after all did not half live upon both. Tin; Way to Hold up a Dkess.—Our ladies who are in the habit of sweeping Broadway with their beautiful silk dresses, ought to take a lesson or two in the science of heading up their ikirts. In Paris where the streets; are almost ri«%ccr«bJy drily u» No** I'o/k. « iaev.w.u<,, .. Tread them for hours without coming in contact with anything, and in the least soiling her skirts. In London, where the streets are well swept, and are comparatively clean, a lady whea she walks, (which she rarely does,) dis dains to raise her dress from the mud, and the. consequence may be easily imagined. The la dies of New York have a peculiar habit of catch ing up one side of the dress by the thu'.nh and finger, as if they were about to launch out into the Minuit de la ccur. The consem.ience is, the display of a pretty boot on one side, and the drag gling of the whole of the other side of the dress in the dirt. This is the most invariable practice with our American ladies, who appear eithei too indolent or too disdainful to take the trouble properly to preswrve their skirts from soiling When a E,uropean lady crosses the street, her skirts a** carefully taken up as far as the boot a!,( ine way rcund, and daintly yet firmly held /none hand. It is a thing easily learned and: well worth the trouble.—A’. V. Times. Boys. —Boys, when they are boys, are. queer enough. How many ridiculous notions they have, and what singular desires, whi?h in after life change and shape themselves into charac teristics, Who remembers when he would have changed his birth-right for a rocking-horse, and his new suit ot clothes for a monkey 7 Who forgets the sweet faced girl, older than himselfagainst whose golden hair he leaned and wept liis griefs away ? Who recollects when the thought of being a circus-rider appeared greater than to be President; and how jealously he watched the little fellows that wore spangled jackets and turned somersets, and prayed to be come like them ? I f memory preserve not these caprices, or something similar, the boy is lost in. the man. Happy visions, they come but once and go quickly, leaving us ever to sigh for a re turn of what can never be again. Death Warrant of Jesus Christ. Os the many interesting relics and fragments of antiquity, which have been brought to light by the persevering researches of modern philos ophy, none could have been more interesting to the philanthropist and believer, than, the one we publish below. “Chance,” says Vhe Courier des EtatsUnis, “has put intooim hands the most imposing and interesting ’udicial document to all Christians that has e.ver been recorded in hu man annals;” that js, the identical Death Wat rant of our Jesus Christ. The document was faith*.,iffy transcribed by the editor, and is hcec •; erba: Sentence rendered by Pontius Pilate, acting Gov ernor of Lower Galilee, stating that Jesie. of Nazareth shall suffer death on the cross. In the year seventeen of the emperor Tiberi us Cresar, and the 25th day of March, the city of the hoiy Jerusalem. Anna and Caisphiis be ing priests, sacrifiscators ot the people of God. Pontius Pilate, Goveror of Lower Galilee, set ting in the Presidential Chair, ofthe Pra-tory, condemns Jesus of Nazareth to die on the cross between two thieves—the great and notorious evidence of the people saying— 1. Jesus is a seducer. 2. He is seditious. 3. He is an enemy to the law. 4. He calls himself falsely the Son of God. 5. He calls himself falsely the King ol Israel. 6. He entered into the temple, followed by a multitude bearing palm branches in their hands. Orders the first Centurion, Quilins Cornelius, to lead him to the place of execution. Forbid any person, whomsoever, either poor or rich, to oppose the death of Jesus. The witnesses who signed the condemnation us Jesus, are: 1. Daniel Robani, a Pharisee. 2. Joannus Rorobable. 3. Raphael Robani. 4. Capet, a citizen. Jesus shall go out of the city of Jerusalem by the gate of Struenus. The above sentence, is engraved on a copper plate; on one side aro written these words: — “ A similar plate is sent to each tribe.” It was found in an antique vase of white marble while excavating in the ancient city of Aquilla, in the kingdom of Naples, in the year ISIO, and was discovered by the Commissioners of Arts of the French armies. At the expedition of Na ples, it was enclosed in a box of ebony, as the sacristy of the Chartem. The French transla tion was made by the commissaries ot Arts.— The original is in the Hebrew language.— Phil Gazette. Coroner’s Inquest.—An inquest was held on Monday hist, by J. P. DeVeaux, Esq.. City Coroner, on the body of .lames Wilson, a native of Scotland, who formerly kept a seed store in King-street, which was found floating in the harbor, near Union whart. The verdict of the jury was “accidental drowning.” Another inquest was held yesterday, by the Coronor, upon the Laly of .1 ames Hoar, a native of Ireland. wl«<h wax discovered yesterday morning iu the mill pond at the West end of Broad-.street. Verdict, “found drowned.”-Cass. iiru.r. \<hth inst. “ Oh, my friend,” said a doctor to an Irish patieni.be composed—wo must all rile once. “An it’s that what vexes me,” replied Pat; “if I could die half a dozen times, I’d not care a ha - ;>vuv,y about this timy,”