Newspaper Page Text
[From the Baltimore Sun.]
Letter from Oregon.
The following letter, comprising a sketch of i
affairs in Oregon, social, civil, religious, agricul- I
tnral and miscellaneous, will afford our readers a
verv interesting glance at this great and grow- |
ing section of our confederacy. Il it should not |
have the effect to invite missionary effort to
that field of labor, which it ought to do lor the
sake of the “wickedness” there, and the multi
tude of “backsliders,” it will rove somewhat
tempting to other branches of enterprise, and
thus eventually contribute to the improvement
of that particular depaitment ot salutary labor
in which the writer is so earnestly encaged
The frankness, simplicity, and genial spirit oi
pions contentment which pervades the narra
tive are quite refreshing in this latitude whue
the description of Oregon scenery in March is
enough to fascinate a- dwe! er in the city, and
charm him away to that delightful land _
Oak Point. March Ist, 1833.
Jfv Dear Friend:— When I addressed you from
Panama vou were made to expect that another
note from me would be forthcoming when once
I had arrived in Oregon. Notwithstanding my
arrival about the Ist December. 1852. I have de
ferred until now a compliance with t.iat intima
tion. But do not expect even now except what
is commonplace and lull of sameness. I lie Lord
was merciful in giving mo a prosperous trip
From Panama to San Francisco we had a long
run of 17 days. With four or five exceptions
the company was well, and none died ot disease.
One accident there was which sent one poor ■
soul to stand in the presence ot its udge. M ben I
parting from the steamer Golden Gate, (which,
we met at sea.) an order was given to tire a
parting gun. In ramming home the cartridge
the gun was prematurely discharged, and instant
ly killed the fourth mate, who was ramming at
the time. Next mo ring his bo lv was thrown
into the sea, there to remain till the
Groat Archangel's trump shall sound,
And twice ten thousand thunder's roar;
Tear up the graves and cleave the ground,
And make the greedy sea restore.
The inhabitants of California live ahead of
time, but from what I can learn are a liberal
minded. high-soul people. They pay their
preachers well. Not so in Oregon. May the
Lord he>p us. »
But you ask my opinion of Oregon' Well,
really I can hardly tell what myopion is Some
ti nes I like and sometimes I dislike. W hen the
weather is fine, and tree of cha ge I get trom
aTmmtOmen* to appoiututeut; but these days .re
few and for between, and the steamboats charge
me to the tune of $5 I r riding 10 mites; so that
i am compelled to pay the exhorbitant price, or
row a boat mvself This I have done, but it is
extremely hard work My hands blister my
bones ache, and it frequently takes two days
to go to ail appointment in tins way. Occasion
allv I .I'll put to ; for something to satisfy the
dema-ds ot nature. A few weeks ago whilst
traveling «»• an open b »nt. I had to stop at a he .
through the logs ot which one might pernaps
have caught a m l-gro vn hen ; then and there
we washed our own potatoes, at er having ob
tained tnem and meat, when we boiled meat and
potatoes together, made tea in an o'd copper ves
sel, and sat down and ate with relish. 1 hough
we cooked it cuiselves. and could see the old
and dark grease sticking around the pot, we
thought it a good dinner tro.-n the pot to the
mouth. It was nice. How I did enjoy that
m<a l We were thankful that we had that
much. My Circuit is pretty hard—lo miles
long, and no way to travel but in boats on the
Columbia river. Very frequently ram and cold
remind me that, without an exercise ot the pow
er of God in my tevor. I shall soon sleep with
the nations of the grave. My throat and breast
feel the effecta-of exposure. I am blessed in
soul, however, and that compensates. About
8 weeks ago I took charge of St. Helens Cir
cuit ; it was a nevf work ; there was no class
there—now we have about 25 members. But
you must not think that there are no good Cir
cuits in Oregon Conference. These, so tar as I
know, are supplied with good preachers.
There is one thing which is doing great in
jury to the work at large, viz: The prevailing
spirit among the preachers to avail themselves
of derivable from the present land
law. Most of them are taking claims. It they
hold them they ate bound by law to live on
them. .This clogs the itinerant wheel. Some
of our preachers are becoming rich ; indeed,some
are said to be so already. You may, perhaps, be
ready to enquire—have you taken a claim ? An
swer, No. Although I believe I might do so
and make money, yet it would be attended with
' the danger of losing the spirit of the work, which
might result in gieatloss to mv own soul, as
well as to the souls of others. Bishop Ames has
arrived, and is to preside at the first Oregon
Conference, 17th of March. A letter from Bro.
Kingsley informs me that it is his intention to
return overland. It is probable he wishes to
avoid the sickness byway of the Isthmus.
Numbers have died this season oh the way to
Calfornia. byway of the Isthmus Men risk
almost every thing when they come out here,
either by land or water. They should have
some one who knows, to pilot them. A
great many are murdered and robbed—a great
many more die ol dreadful diseases among stra rig
gers. Soon after my arrival the snow fell to
the depth of from two to four feet. It was very
eold. In a few weeks the sun shone out, the
snow melted and the rivers were filled to over
flowing their banks. Tbe consequence was
* great destruction of property. Mills, houses,
JI boats. &c., were carried off. During this time
- rain was falling almost constantly ; but for
Si I •
—hardly cold enough at night to freeze. The
. • days are mild and pleasant. Business is on
the increase. Ships are arriving and depart
ing daily: several, however, have been wrecked
pn the bar at the mouth of the Columbia nver.
Shins enter the river and are then towed up to
St. Helens an d Portland by a steamboat kept for
that purpose. The steamer is principally own
ed by one of the members of our church, (Bro.
Abernethy) who sometimes very kindly grants
me free passage to my appointments.
The Church has two schools under its foster
inn r a re _one at Salem and one at Portland. I
know nothing much about their doings, but pre
sume that they are paying expenses. The
chnrch has a considerable membership up the
Willamette valley. The members Con
ference number about 15. From what I hear. I
suspect half, if not more, of these preachers have
farms and live on them.
The surface of the country up the valley is
quite level, and easily cultivated; but that along
the riversand in much of the interior is moun
tainous and broken. The soil is very good lor
agricultural purposes. This year a farmer on a
fe"w acres (I think six) made 53.000 on pota
toes. One aere will produce 300 bushels ol
oniont—value at this time $4 per bushel—
sl2oo. One farmer ma4e SOO bmhels of wheat
and sold it a few wee :s ago for 54 74 per bushel.
These are facts to mv personal knowledge—the
men live on mv circuit But this does not oc
cur every year. They can always raise toe po
tatoes and wheat.but they cannot a! ways obtain
these prices—generally, however, they can
California generally demands all the produce she
can get to support her mining and commercial
population.
One day. not twenty years hence, this will be
among the be«* countries in the confederacy.
Mark that Bu* there is much to do before that
can be. Many prayers to be offered up and many
sermons to he pr-ached. Infidelity is not so
rank and abomination not so barefaced here as
in California, yet there is wickedness enough
jn this territory to damn a wor d of sinners.
Rum shops everv where, gambling hells every
where, men almost wi’hout number pressing
into the gales of Hell. I would have it other
wise; but f can do no more than sound the
trumpet now that I see the «-n»my approaching
This I have done, and by the help of God will
continue to do. The country is fullofold Me
thodist backsliders. They Jost their reli'inn,
they mostly tell me. when crossing the plains.
When they get here they have not moral courage
enough to strive at-ain. Like Sampson shorn of
strength, they are bound with cords of the devil
—led captive and made to do his dirty work. —
Borne are reclaimed. O I what an important
work is this! What grace, love and omnipotent
faith is necessary. O! for the faith of Abra
ham, zeal of Paul, patience of Job, love ol John,
the eloquence of the inspired men of old. Would
to God I could with the fire of holy love melt
every heart I meet. I long for these qualifica
tiG-ns more than any thing besides. It seems to
me ff f had a proper degree of godly qualifica
tions fi.’r it, I could be enabled to break down all
the obstructions ofthe evil ~ne on my cireo'it.
Pray for me.
You have doubtless beard much of the rainy
seasons on this side ofthe Rock Mountains. It
is a fact that from the month of November to
the last of March in each year, there is rain
without intermission of scarcely a dar. (I his
season is an exception to the rul-). These rams
frequently fall in great copiousness. Sometimes
they are more moderate, but generally assume
the character ot heavy mists
At Oak Point, where 1 write this, there is a
sawmill which can saw perhaps 10 009 feet of
lumber per day. For this they get $.30 to S6O
per thousand feet in California—s6oo per day.
Os course expenses must be deducted. This
mill is owned by Bro. Abernethy, of our church.
They are very clever folks.
The tun beams out at the present time in
splendor. More delightful weather in March 1
never saw It is perfectly charming. Itternpta
me to leave the studies upon which I will be
rubbed at Conference, to roam the bills among
the green foliage, and pluck the wild flowers.
This is nature in its native wildness and ro
mance. The smooth glassy Columbia lies be
fore me. the towering hills behind me, covered
with majestic treesand green undergrowth But
the flowers pop out from their green beds to
blush in the face of the sun, and fill the urn
bent air with sweet exbaltations. How Sol de
lights to pour bis golden beams down I How
they cheer and fill the spirits with pleasurable
emotions I No wonder the birds sing. I feel
like singing myself. How one is reminded of I
Heaven. | ,
North Cabolixa DrAMoxns. —Prof. She pa rd
while in Charlotte, N. C , the other day, was
presented with a diamond, by Dr. Leventhorpe.
That gentleman had lately discovered it on his
estate at Pioneer Mills; and this is the second
specimen of this precious gem found within the
year in the county. Hitherto no special search
has been made for the diamond, these specimens
having been discovered in a manner purely acci
dental.
J4av Day.—Each returning year brings a
pleasure excursion from our city to Stone Moun
tain This year the turn out was unusually
large The extra train of cars which conveyed
the party to and from the Mountain consisted of |
thirteen cars, eleven passenger and two open
cars, all crowded — Atlanta 'nttlhgcnctr, slh |
inti-
The Marriage Relation.
The following sound, clear, and Christian
views of the marriage relation, are taken from a j
popular work entitled “ Martyria, a Legend,” I
published in this city a few years ago, from the |
pen of a gitted clergyman :
“Os earthly relations, those ot husband and
wife, parent and child, friend and neighbor,
master and servant, constitute much the larger
portion of man’s happiness ; and the more im
portant, any one of them, than al) others togeth
er. It is in theobservai.ee, the refinement, the
strengthening of these commonest, these greatest,
these primal relations that happiness is increased,
and not in the inordinate accumulation ol mon
ey, the acquisition of empty fame or in luxuri
ous indulgences.
Hppiness is to be attained in the accustomed
chair by the fireside, more than in the honorary
occupation of civic office ; in a wife’s love, in
finitely more than in the favor of all human
beings else ; in children’s innocent and joyous
prattle, more than in the hearing of flattery :
in the reciprocation of little and frequent kind
nesses between triend and friend, more than in
some occasional and dearly bought indulgence ;
in the virture of contentment, more than in
the anxious achievements of wealth, distinction
and grandeur ; in change of heart more than in
change of circumstances ; in full, linn trust in
Providence, more than in hoping for fortune’s
favor ; in a growing taste lor the beauties of
nature, more than in the fee-simple inheritance
of whole acres of land ; in the observance ol
| neatness and regularity, household virtues, rather
i than in the means ol ostentatious, and therefore
I rare display ;in a hand-maiden’s cheerfulness,
i more than in the improned tone of jvolitics ; and
I in the trendship ot our next door neighbor, more
j than in the condescending notice of my lord
duke.
i Happiness, then, must be sought for in sim
plicity, and not in costliness ; in the perpetual
ly recurring more than in the rare; in abiding
peace, rather than in temporary raptures; the
next after the well of living water which spring
eth up into everlasting life in no source else so
seduouslv, as in those fountains which are fed
by the never-failing love of relativesand friends ”
Again he says :
Thaie are some persons who have their imagi
nations so excited by the possibility ot some dis
tant good as to lose all taste for the little delights
which husband and wife, master and servant,
parent and child, may devise and reciprocate
hourly, almost. Which is the luckier man, he
that can be happy in the smile of his wife, or he
that must wait, wait, wait for the smile ot for
tune. and wait in vain, perhaps ?
In tbis world, there is nothing of such value
as affection ; and the most trilling expression ol
it, even though it be but a single word of endear
ment, is in the best ears a pleasanter sound than
that of gold pieces.
‘The price ot a virtuous woman is far above
rubies,’Solomon says. Were there allotted to
any one a female figure of solid gold, as a com
, inion for lite, who is there but would beg that
it might be ot silver only, that it might speak 1
and then of inferior metal still, it might only
feel ? and. then, that it might be. like him: elf, of
earth, might it only accompany him about ? And
yet. O human inconsistency ! husbands be many
of them heedless of home joys, as not being an
increase of wealth.
Man is created to be a living soul, and not to
be an alchemist; and the real want of his heart
is sympathy, affection, love, and not the philoso
pher's stone. It would not be more nnreasona
' ble to transplant a favorite flower out of black
• earth into gold-dust, than it is for a person to let
i money-getting harden his heart into contempt,
or into impatience of the little attentions, the
1 merriments. and the caresses of domestic lite.”—
bod on Journal.
England vs. America.
To Mrs. Stowe, the Dutchess of Sutherland,
and > Il agonizing sympathizers with the “Uncle
Tom” mania, we commend the following from
Dickens’ Household Words:
“ It has been calculated that there are in Eng
land and Wales 6.000,000 persons who can neith
er read nor write—that ia to say,about one-third
of the population, including, of course, infants;
but of all the children between five and fourteen,
more than one-half attend no place of public
instruction. These statements—compiled by
Mr Kay from official and other authentic sources,
for his work on the Social Condition and Edu
cation of the Poor in England and Europe, would
be hard to believe, if we had not to encounter in
our every day lite degress of illiteracy which
would be startling, if we were not thoroughly
used to it. Wherever we turn, ignorance, not
always allied to poverty, stares ns in the face.—
If we look in the Gazette at the list of partner
ships dissolved, not a month passes but some un
happy man, rolling perhaps in wealth, but wal
lowing in ignorance, is put to the experimentum
crucis of * his mark.’ The number of petty ju
rors—in rural districts especially—who can only
sign with a cross, is enormous. It is not unusual
to see parish documents of great local importance
defaced with the same humiliating symbol by
persons whose office not only show them to be
• men of mark.’ but men of substance. We have
printed already specimens of the partial igno
rance which passes under the pen of the post
office authorities, and we may venture to assert
that such specimens of penmanship and ortho
graphy are not to be matched in any other coun
try in Europe. A housewife in humble life
need only turn to the file of her husband’s bills
to discover hieroglyphics which rendered them
so rfffiny arithmetical puzztes. In short, the
practical evidences ot the low *ebb to which the
plainest rudiment of education in this country
has fallen, are .too common to bear repetition.—
We cannot pass through the Streets, we cannot'
enter a place of public assembly, or ramble in
the fields, without the gloomy shadow of igno
rance sweeping over us. The rural population
is indeed in a worse plight than the other
classes.
“ Taking the adult of agricultural laborers, it
is almost impossible to exaggerate the ignorance
in which they live, and move, and have their
being. As they work in the fields, the external
world has some hold upon them through the
medium of their sense; but to all the higher ex
ercises of intellect,they are perfect strangers. You
cannot address one of them without being at once
painfully struck with the intellectual darkness
which enshrouds him. There is in general
neither speculation in his eyes, nor intelligence
in his coutenance. The whole expression is
more that of an animal than of a man. He is
wanting, too, in the erect and independent bear
ing of a man. When you accost him, if he is
not insolent—which he soldom is—he is timid
and shrinking, bis whole manner showing that
he feels himself at a distance from you, greater
than should separate any two classes of men.
He is often doubtful when you address, and sus
picious when you question him ; he is seemingly
oppressed with the interview, while it lasts,
and obviously relieved when it is over. These
are the traits which I can affirm them to possess
as a class after having come in contact with
many hundreds of farm laborers. They belong
-to a generation for whose intellectual culture
little or nothing was done. As a class they
have amusements beyond the indulgence of
sense. In nine cases out often recreation is as
sociated in their minus with nothing higher than
sensuality. I have frequently asked clergymen
and others, if they often find the adult peasant
reading for his own or others amusement ? The
invariable answer is, that such a sight ia seldom
or never witnessed. In the first place the great
bulk of them cannot read. In the next, a large
proportion of those who can, do so with too
much difficulty to admit of the exercises being
an amusement to them. Again, few of those
who can read with comparative ease, have the
taste for doing so.
Singular Oaso of Instinct in a Horsr.
We do riot remember ever to have heard of a j
more remarkable exhibition of equine intelli
gence than was communicated to us a few days |
since by Mr. Allen, of this place. The circum- '
stances as they were narrated to us are as fol
lows . Mr. A has had for a considerable time a
span of sprightly little horses that he has never
separated. In the stable, in the field, in the har
ness, they have al ways been together. This has
caused a strong attachment to grow up between
them. A few days ago, he went with them out
to Lake Minnetonka, on a fishing excursion.
Taking them out of the carriage, he led them
down to the lake, and tied them with stout
ropes, several rods apart, on a strip of grass that
grew upon the shore, and left them to feed.
Returning to the shantee, he threw himself up
on the floor to await the return of the party who
had repaired to the lake to fish.
Not much time had elapsed before the sound
of an approaching horse’s feet attracted Ids ai- ,
tention, and a moment after one of his span ap
peared at the door. The animal put his head
in, ami giving one neigh, returned at a slow gal
lop, yet under evident excitement to the spot,
where, but, a few moments before he and his
companion had been seemingly safely fastended.
Stiprised to find his horse loose, and struck with
his singular conduct, Mr. A. immediately fol
lowed, and found the other lying in the water,
entangled in the rope, and struggling to keep his
’ head from being submerged.
While Mr. A. proceeded to disengage the un
fortunate horse, this noble benefactor stood by,
manifesting the utmost solicitude and sympathy,
and when his mate was extracted from his sit
uation, and again upon his feet on terra lirrna,
the generous creature exhibited the most un
questionable signs of satisfaction and joy. That
this intelligent animal should have noticed the
misfortune of his mate—that ho should know
where to apply for rescue, and in his efforts
should sunder a three fourths of an inch rope,and
finally, that he should exhibit so high an appre
ciation of the event—are circumstances to aston
ish us. and commend themselves to the thought
ful consideration of those who would limit the
power of reasoning, to the “ genus homo.”— St.
•Anthony's Express.
It affords us much pleasure to be able to
announce that a company has been formed
to go into the manufacture of Iron at this point.
The necessary Machinery will be ordered at
once, and the most energetic measures taken to
erect the necessary buildings, so that in the
I course of six or eight months we may expect to
i have an Iron Rolling Mill in full blast I This
I will add to the prosperity of our flourishing town
i and open the way for other branches of Manu
j factories. We could name a number of onter
j prises which might be made profitable at this
point both to capitalists and to the community
at large. Possessing the advantages both of
the River and Railroad and in the midst of a
good farming country, provisions could always
be had at fair prices and in abundance. So that
very nearly any kind of manufactories would do 1
well here.— Loudon (Tenn } Free Press.
Washington National Monument.—The 1
Governor, Executive Council, and many Sena-
I tors and Representatives ofthe Legislature of I
! Massachusetts, have subscribed one day’s pay to
| aid in the completion of the National Monument i
I jn Washington. <
[ From the Savannah Republican, Oth iris/.]
Another Case for Mrs. Stowe.
We beg leave to call the attention of Mrs.
Stowe and her abolition sympathisers to the
following extract of a letter just received by
the late senior editor oftbis paper:
Dear Sir:— l write to you in behalf ot a ne
gro man who recently applied to me for em
ployment. He states that he was born in Sa
vannah and brought up in the family ot Stephen
and John Bullock—that at the age of sixteen he
was sold to one Pritchard, mid by him taken to
Louisiana—that he finally became the property
of Elijah Crisbell, and that he at his death gave
him his freedom. Since that time he came to
the North to seek his fortunes, but found the
North no place for the colored man. I reedotn,
to use his own words —“is a berry purty ting
to tink about, but am no sarvice to any body but
white folk.” His most earnest desire is to re
turn to Savannah, and he is willing to become
the slave ol any master who will treat him well.
It occurred to me that perhaps you might in
terest yourself to get some member of the fami
ly to send for the man and his wife. 1 have no
further knowledge of him than what he tells
himself, but. I should judge from his appearance
that his story is correct, and that, he would be a
useful and active servant. He calls bimseli
George Powell, and is about 45 years of age.
Should you see fit to act in tbis matter, be
pleased to communicate your intentions to me
at your earliest convenience. Should you send
for George and his wife, I will see that they are
safely embarked for Savannah. The poor fel
low is, I believe, quite destitute, beyond what
he can earn at small jobs, and therefore it might
be necessary to forward some small sum for
their benefit, in case they are sent tor.
Yours,&c. F. E. B.
Here is a fact tor Mrs. Stowe—a gleam of
light to illumine her “ Uncle Tom’s Cabin,” and
to dissipate the mists of error and fanaticism with
which she has enveloped it. This poor negro
has tried both slavery and" freedom. He has
tasted the bitterness of the one and the sweets
of the other. His experience therefore is a fact
worth all the fictions of all the novelists who
ever coined gold out of falsehood.
We desire to call the attention of the North
ern people to ai other fact in this connection.
This negro, having lived in a free State, cannot
return to Georgia. There is a law upon our
statue book which interdicts the return to the
State of any free person of color, or slave not a
fugitive, who has ever lived in, or even visited
a Northern State. This law, too, be it remem
bered, w-as passed in consequence ot the officious
interler4pce of the people in »he free States.
Indeed, it is to the abolitionists alone that the
slave is indebted for all the regulations adopted
within the last twenty years, restricting and
abridging his privileges. Their sympathy has
been his injury—their friendship his misfortune.
The slave may exclaim with more truth than
most persons—“save me from my friends I”
Theseare facts which we assert of our own
knowledge. The abolitionist has done and is
doing the slave more harm than all the rest of
the world together. His greatest enemies are
his would-be friends, and chiefest among them
stands Mrs. Stowe.
(From the Washington Republic. .April 25 ]
Senator Borland’s appointment to the Central
American mission seems to give much satisfac
tion to the democratic politicians around the
city, who generally wish him anywhere but in
Congress, where his (to some of them) unfortu
nate habit of turning bis face against the “devel
ish clever fellows” who drum for appropriations
i of questionable propriety, renders his presence
exceedingly disagreeable. His appointment is
in strict keeping with the line of policy which,
as I wrote you sometime since, has been deter
mined on by the administration with reference
to our future diplomacy in that quarter. To tell
the truth, he has never been fairly treated by
my brethren of the quill, with whom his un
popularity is so great that few of them have done
justice to his senatorial career. He has been
really one of the most laborious members of the
bodj’ ever since entering it; and all his forensic
efforts show that he is a gentleman of very ex
tensive research in connection with all questions
before Congress. Besides, he has fairly earned
the reputation of being incorruptible to a fault,
even to the extent of being beyond the reach of
corruption by flattery, which is a degree of legis
lative integrity such as few gentlemen who have
been so long in Congress have managed to retain
j Being sure to be on hand for any emergency—.
‘ from an oratorical contest with the greatest man
in the Senate, down to one in which he merely
draws the claret from some offending nose—he
is just the man for the crisis, which requires the
presence of an American diplomatist in that
quarter who can out-do Elliott of the “ White
Hat,” or even Chatfield, in the peculiar line of
those gentlemen. However, I trust your read
ers will not understand me as intimating that
he is expected precisely to parody either ofthese
never to be forgottes extraordinary diplomatists,
who did many things such as a gentleman of
his uniform personal integrity would not stoop
to even were they required of him by the United
States government, which makes no such de
mands on her envoys. Yet, ten to one, he will
get us into a muss in Central America just when
I a muss may be necessary to the consumation of
I our State Department’s ends ; musses being ac
; knowledged to be legitimate diplomatic means
I the world over. His presence there will sooner
i j or later set ths prices of stocks to dancing up
and down right merrily. Nevertheless, speaking
Spanish like a native, being acclimated, and be
ing withal a man of great energy and activity,
and much sagacity, he is j ist the man Ibr the
occasion. ;
I <
[From the Southern Cultivator.]
Topping Cotton.
Messrs. Editor > •' —Having again tried the ex
periment of .topping Cotton, I herewith give
you the result of the same for the Cultivator.
On the Ist of August, I measured off one acre
of land of the same quality, and the stand as
near the same as I could select on the planta
tion. 1 topped, this vear, two rows, and skipped
two throughout the acre, and the result is
as follows :
Topped rows made of seed Cotton 513 lbs.
Rows not topped 462 “
In favor of topping 51 lbs.
You will see, Messrs. Editors, that I l ave
made money this year by the operation, as it
; only took three days to top my crop, and I
have made by it 36,720 pounds of seed Cotton.
I will, for the satisfaction of others, try the ex
periment for three years to come if 1 live, and
although the difference tray not be so great
every year as it has proved to be in the year
1852. I still say that topping Cotton in Missis
sippi is advantageous,wet or dry, and very impor
tant in a wet season. I will here say to those
who are fearful of causing their Cotton to suck
er in wet weather from topping, that I have
; never been able to see, in twenty years experi-
I ence in farming, that topped Cotton was more
subject to sucker than that not topped. Too
. much rain on cotton planted in rich new land,
j or land highly manured, will bring out suckers,
i ami as many on that not topped as on the top
! ped ; at least, this is the result of my observa-
I tions in Mississippi, the opinions of others to the
j contrary notwithstanding.
Messrs. Editors: —This being the only piece
| I shall give you for the Cultivator this year, I
j will bring forward from the first volume of your
j journal a valuable recipe fora Founder—more
I correct ; y speaking, a Water Founder. Bleed
the horse from the neck as long as he can
stand up; then make him swallow one pint
of salt; annoint well around the edge of his
hoofs with spirits of turpentine; keep him
from drinking too, much water, and he will be
well, I think, in a few hours.
The above recipe cured a valuable horse for
I me, last spring, after trying nearly every other
[ remedy without success. The six dollars paid
| for the back numbers of the Cultivator have
1 saved me a horse worth upwards of 8100 —oth-
erwise he must have died.
With much respect, I am yours,
E. JINKtNS.
Horn Pen, Choctow Co., Miss., Feb. 1853.
To Ascertain A Horse’s Age.—Every
horse has six teeth above and below. Before
three he sheds one or more on each side of the
central teeth Between four and five the horse
cuts his under tusk, at which time his mouth
will be complete. At six, the groves will begin
to fill up a little, at seven the groves and hol
lows will be nigh filled up, except the corner
teeth, leaving little brown spots where the dark
brown spots formerly were. At eight, the
whole of the hollows are filled up. At nine,
’her" in very often seen a small bill to the cor
ner teeth ; the point of the tusk is worn off and
the part that ia concave begins to fill up and be
come rounding—the squares of the central teeth
begin to disappear, and the gums leave them
small and narrow at the top.
Rain.— I'he Savannah News of the Sth inst.
says: After a windy blustering day, during
which the clouds above and the dust below were
whirled and driven in every direction, the sky
became completely overcast a little before sun
set, and shortly after dark last night a gentle,
steady rain set in, which continued falling to a
late hour when this paragraph was written, giv
ing fair promise of continuing all night. Al
ready water has fallen sufficient to wet the
parched earth, and to revive the languishing
vegetation. We sincerely trust that the rain
may be ample, and that it may extend through
out our section of country where it has for some
weeks past been greatly needed.
We bear from the neighborhood of Springfield
that there was a fine shower of rain there yester
day. It win much wanted in that county
where the crops have suffered much from the
long drought.
Rain.—At tbis present writing the heavens
are pouring upon us a most acceptable rain.
For some forty-eight hours past the skies have
indicated its coming, but we feared a disappoint
ment. The earth is drinking it in apparent
luxury,
“ it falls In anxioushaste
Upon the sun-dried fields and heated air,
Loosening with searching drops the rigid waste,
As if it would each root’s lost strength repair.”
[Savannah Georgian, !>lh inst.
Look-out Mountain —Exorbitant Fare.—
In company with a few friends, we recently paid
a visit to the top of Look-out Mountain. Our
partv consisted of one carriage, two buggies,and
two horses. Near the foot of the mountain we
crossed a rickety bridge over a small creek, and
at the top, wo passed through a gate—our fare
in the way of toll was only five dollars and fifty
cents. ft is very just that visitors should pay a
reasonable fare, but such exorbitant charges
amount to an imposition which the people should
not tolerate.— Rome Southerner, sth inst.
Farming.—Our friend Thos. S. Price,bids fair
to be very successful this year in raising cotton.
We were shown by him the other day some
stalks of a very advanced growth for this season i
of the year.— lb. i
(From the Cassville Standard.]
Decisions ofthe Supremo Oourt.
No. 1. Hollingshed, Adm’r Alston, from
Lumpkin. 11. dying, leaves a will in th* tol
lowing terms: “ I hereby bequeath and will un
to my dear wife, Eliza Caroline Hollingshid, af
ter the payment of my just debts, all rny estate,
real and personal, consisting
| Describing the. Property]
in part, as follows : all of which land and negro
slaves 1 do will unto my dear wife, Eliza Ca
roline Hollingshed, during her natural lile, and
at her death to dispose of the same in any man
nershemay think proper; and I further be
queath and will unto my said wife, my entire
stock ol every description and kind, whatever,
together with my household and kitchen furni
ture and farming tools and implements,aad all
other species of property, rights and credits,
which may not be herein enumerated. 1 do
most willingly and of my <wn free wit be
queath unto my dear wile, Eliza Caroline,, Hol
lingshed, by her to be used and disposed of she
may think proper, for and to her own us* and
benefit forever. Ido hereby constitute and ap
point my dear wife, Eliza Caroline Hollingshed,
my executrix of my last will and testament.
I do further will, that my intentions specified in
this my last will amt testament, be carried out,
and not prevented lor any want of any teehnical
form.” .
Held that the widow takes under the Will an
absolute estate, saving the power of alienation
during her life.
No. 2. Wm. Henderson, plaintiff in emit, vs.
Wm. P. Hackney, et. al def’ts. This wgs an
action of Ejectment brought originally in Mur.
ray county, and afterwards transferred to Whit
field county—against Wm. Hackney, Fred-
Thompson, Mitchel Benhett. Joshua Wyman,
Wrn. B. Cone and James Morris, as tenants.
&c.; subsequently, Absalom Holcomb was made
a co-defendant, Holcomb died pending the writ.
Held that inasmuch as the cause of action pro
vided against theoiiginal defendants, that the
plaintiff was entitled to proceed, withslrt mak
ing the representative of Holcomb a party to
the suit.
No. 3. Ex Parte— Grenville & Batty, plain
tiff’s in error, vs. Joseph J. Trammell and others,
def’ts. Ca. Sa. Walker county. Charles E.
Grenville; and Wm. H Batty, merchants tra
ding under the firm of Grenville & Batty, ob
tained a judgment and issued a ca. sa. against
Joseph J. Trammell. The defendant being ar
rested, gave n bond for his appearance at court,
payable io Charles E. Grenville and Wm. H.
Batty. The condition to which tha'
Charles E. ffrenvitle and Wm. If ■T?hfrv, wete
the party plaintiff, at whose instance this pre
ceding had been instituted. Upon motion to
enter up judgment against, the principal and his
securities, the debtor having faded to appear to
take the benefit ot the honest debtor’s oath.
Held, that the obligers were estopped by the
receival in the bond from denying that the
obligees were the proper party to whom the
bond should have been given.
Milner for the pl’ff in error.
No. 4. Milner W. Brown, pl’ff in error, vs.
John C. Greer, et. al. def’ts. Rule to pay over
money Hail county. The act of 1839 requires
that mortgages on personal property should be
foreclosed in the county where the mortgagor
resided, at the time the mortgage was executed,
if resident within this State :
Held, that under this statute, where the affi
davit for foreclosure, made by the creditor, before
the Judge of the Superior Court, and the man
date by him to the clerk to issue execution,
were in a different county, from the one in
which the mortgagor resided; the proceeding
was void and the fi. fa. could not claim mo
ney.
Peoples for the pl’ff in error, Dougherty &
Hull, for dePt.
No. 5. W. Dougherty, pl’ff in error vs. the
Western Bank of Georgia. From Floyd.
Ist. A demand of payment of a note payable
on demand, need not be made as a condition pre
cedent to a suit on such note : but if the note be
paya'o\e at a certain place and time, on demand,
the defendant may, by pleading and proving
that he was ready at the time and place to pay
it, relieve himself ot costs and damages.
2d. This rule is net applicable to banlt bills:
as to them, a demand before suit is a nd?essary
condition, if payable at a particular ttyie and
pl ice ; alder if payable generally.
3d. A bank bill payable al Rome is not suffi
ciently specific as to place, to entitle the bank
to a demand.
4th. The statute of limitations does not ap
ply to bank bills.
No. 6. Claim from Floyd county : The Geor
gia R. R. & Banking Co., pl’ff in error, vs. Al
fred Shorter, Claimant, def’t. Held that it.is
the duty of the clerk of the Superior court to
certify the bill of exceptions, as well as the trans
cript of the record, and that failing to do so the
writ of errors will be dismissed.
McDonald for pl’ff in error, Alexander for
def’t.
No. 7. Mayor and Council of Rome, vs.
John D. Dickerson. From Floyd.
Ist. When a party is arrested under a ca. sa.,
and files his schedule for the purpose of taking
the benefit of the act for the relief of honest
debtors, and in the schedule returns certain drafts
on the county treasury : held that it is not essen
tial that the date of these drafts should be stated.
2d. On the trial of a suggestion ot fraud it.'such
a case, a notified creditor of the party arrested is
not a competent witness for the arresting gredi
,tor to prove fraud in the debtor.
No 8. Wm. Cox, pl’ff in vs. Jesse Ber
ry, dePt. From Gilmer. VV’bereWfi action-of
ejectment is brought against comes in
and is made Co-detgndapt, aiyl
on the £rial to prove A. iir
misses his action, and within Six months com
mences against C. for the same land, and B.
again comes in and is made Co-defeiiiliyit, and
pending the first action the statuW*“of limita
tions bad run against the plaintiff.
Held, that the bar of the statute was prevent
ed from attaching in favor of B. by the pending
•of the first action.
No 9. George W. Thompson, pl’ff in error,
vs. Wm. L. High, def’t. From Murray. A
party endorsing an unnegotiable note, may be
sued by the holder in the form prescribed by the
act of 1817,“to simplify and curtail pleadings.”
Report of the Finance Committee.
We have been kindly favored with a sight of
this important document—or rather, of such por
tions of it as have left the hands of the printer.
The Committee seem to have gone about their
work with systematic industry. The result is
that we have now before us, a clear, accurate and
conscientious statement of the fiscal affairs of the
State of Georgia. The report is well digested,
well arranged, and well expressed. The Com
mittee deserve thanks for the manner with
which they have performed ther important and
perplexing duties.
The condition ofthe Treasury is very plainly
set forth. At the close of the fiscal year,ending
on the 20th Oct., 1851, the Committee found in
the Treasury, an ostensible b: lance of $423,415.-
45. We say an ostensible balance, for out of all
this sum, the Committee found only $118(069.45.
in available funds—the remaining portion being
composed ol unavailable Bank Stocks, Railroad
Scrip, etc.
At the close of the fiscal year, ending Oct..
1852 the receipts of the Treasury amounted to
$1,142,405.27. Add to that sum the ostensible
balance of 1851, and we have as the aggregate
$1,565,120.72. During the same fiscal year, the
total disbuisements amounted to $587,882.86.
Ol this sum much the largest item was for the
repair and equipment of the Western and Atlan
tic Railroad—that item amounting t 05178,182 -
30. It will thus be seen that on the 20th of
Oct., 1852, then remaining in the Treasury a
balance of $967,9.37,86, Additional Receipts up
to Dec. 13. 1852, increased this sum to $1,255,-
003.95. The disbursements from Oct. 20 to
Dec. 13, 1852 reduced this balance to $736,470.-
23. Here again we encounter an ostensible bal
ance. The available amount isonlys4lo.9ll.-,3.
After the payment of few necessary expenses, we
then find that the net cash balance in the Trea
sury on the 13th. Dec., 1852, is $402,665.86.
And this cash balance is made up as follows:
Certificate of Deposit from Bunk of
the State of Georgia, Savannah. .179.854.70
Do. do. from Augusta Insurance and
Banking Co., Augusta, 57,167.53
On Deposit in the Bank ofthe Repub-
lic, New York 32,758.24
Certificates of Deposit on various
Banks, 23,611.81
Cash in Treasury Vault 110,073.50
$402,665.87
From statements presented by Walter H.
Mitchell, Esq., State Treasurer, th*
report the whole public debt outstanding on the
20th Oct., 1852, to be $2,132,472.22,—0f this
amount $745,000 has been created by bonds is
sued during the past year. These Bonds brought
into the Treasury 757,522.72 —a fact which the
Committee justly esteem highly flattering to the
pecuniary character of the State. Our engage
ments have all been promptly met, and through
out the direst commercial revulsions, our credit
lias never been shaken. The great mass of the
public debt has been contracted in behalf of the
Western be Atlantic Railroad, and the Commit
tee feel satisfied that it has been wisely and
profitably applied. •
The Committee report at length upon the con
dition of the Central Bank, and the W. & A.
Railroad. The Commit’ee conclude after care
ful deliberation that the whole of the Bond
debt of the Central Bank, to wit: $.369,500
must be considered as added to the Public debt
proper. The annual interest upon the State
debt is about $170,000.
The affairs of the W. be A. Railroad are con
sidered with great care, and furnish by far, the
most interesting portion of the report. We shall
resume our consideration of the subjects treated
by the Committee, at the earliest' opportunity.
Meanwhile we return ourthaks to them for their
clear and lucid exposition of our fiscal affairs.—
Georgia Telegraph, 3d inst.
A writer in Putnam remarks that nearly half
the people in New York dine out every day in
the week but Sunday—the gentlemen down
town, and the ladies and children at (ome fash
ionable Broadway saloon. A gentleman who
wns in New York last week, says he counted
one hundred and seventy-live ladies dining at
one limo in one of the fashionable Broadway
saloons. There was any quantity of livery car
riages standing in front ol the door. Our New
York friends are getting almost as bad as the
French, in deserting their homes.
Augusta ano Waynesboro’ Railhoad.—
We learn that the Augusta and Waynesboro’
Railroad has been completed some distance be
yond Briar Creek, to which point the cars com
menced running on Monday last, thus shorten
ing the staging about seven miles. Passengers
leaving Savannah in the morning reach Augus
ta shortly after dark the same evening. The
stages leave Augusta at 6 A. M. and their pus
sengers arrive in Savannah at 6 P. M.
K B epublir.
AUGUSTA, (JEORGIA.
WEDNESDAY MORNING, MAY 11, 1353.
Terms of Subscription.
Daily Paper, per annum, in advance... .$8 00
Tri-Weekly 5 00
Weekly, per annum in advance 2 00
If paid witbin the year 2 50
At the end of the year 3 00
above terms will be rigidly enforced.
Bank of St. Mary’s.
The bills ofthe Bank of St. Mary’s under five
dollars, and the change bills of J. G. Winter, are
still taken at par at this office.
Subscribers writing to request their pa
pers changed to another Post-office, will please
be particular to state the office to which the
paper is now sent.
n.'T” Postmasters are requested to notify us
promptly in all cases when our papers are not
taken from the office.
Railroad Connection between Milledgeville and
the Georgia Railroad.
We await with some anxiety the action of
the parties interested in the suggested connec
tion of Milledgeville with the Georgia Railroad.
The citizens of Hancock and Bald win were to
be represented in a meeting at Sparta on the. 3d
inst., to discuss the question whether Hancock
was to be connected by Railroad with the
Central,or the Georgia Railroad. That an earnest
determination exists on the part of the people of
Hancock to accomplish one or the other ofthese
results, there can be no doubt. That they will
succeed there is as little doubt. It remains for
the citizens of Augusta, and for the other inter
ests involved to decide whether a Railroad by a
direct route from Milledgeville to the Georgia
Railroad is or is not of sufficient importance to
rouse them up to the necessary exertion to secure
it. We hope steps have been.or will betaken to
bring the subject prominently before the stock
holders of the Georgia Railroad next week at
their annual meeting, and that it will commend
itself to the good will and aid of that powerful
corporation.
If a road should be constructed from Milledge
ville to Warrenton, it will place Augusta and
Charleston in a more direct connection with
Montgomery and New Orleans than is afforded
by any other route. Any one who will examine
the map must see that this road would necessari
ly command the through trade both ways and ob
tain the preference for transporting the great
U. S. Mail. The way freight and travel would
also furnish a heavy and lucrative business To
reach tfie seat of government from Augusta by
Railroad, even after the completion of the Au
gusta and Waynesboro’ Railroad, it will be ne
cessary to travel 160 miles, whereas by the pro
posed route the distance will not exceed 92
miles. Those citizens living between the Geor
gia Railroad and the Savannah River and whose
nearest point to Milledgeville en the line of that
Road, is at or near Warrenton, cannot now
reach that city by Railroad without travelling
around by Atlanta and Macon —about 270 miles.
By the proposed route they would reach Mil
ledgeville by a Railroad 40 or 45 miles in
length. To the entire eastern and north eastern
portion of Georgia, the proposed Railroad would
furnish a much shorter access to Milledgeville
than is afforded by any other existing route.
To. Augusta the advantages derivable from
such a Road are most important and desirable
It would bring back to this city a large amount
of trade she once enjoyed, and that without it,
must be forever lost to her. It will also give
to her a chance for trade with Macon and
points beyond that city. Augusta has al
ways been with the people of Middle Georgia a
favorite market for the sale of Cotton and the
purchase of family and plantation supplies.—
Nothing but Railroad connections with other
cities could ever have enticed away any of
"Ker' fSrme'r ~ Even now a &nall
wagon trade is kept up direct between Mil
ledgelle and Augusta, although there is a Rail
road communication the whole way between
the former city and Savannah. Cotton is still
wagoned to Augusta from along the line of the
Central Railroad through Washington and Jef
ferson counties. When the Plank Road to these
counties is completed this wagon trade will be
greatly increased. With such evidences of a de
sire to trade with Augusta, our citizens will be
blind to their interests if they do not put forth
some earnest efforts to secure the trade inviting
ly open to their enterprise.
If a Railroad is extended from the Georgia
Railroad to Milledgeville we feel authorized to
assert that 40.000 bales of Cotton will be trans
ported annually over it to this market. The
entire county of Hancock, the northern half of
Washington, portions of Wilkinson, Baldwin
and Jones and the eastern half of Putnam would
make Augusta their market for the sale of their
cotton and the purchase of goods. Such a Road
would be a successful competitor for much trade
that now has convenient access to Savannah by
the Eatonton and Milledgeville, and the Mil
ledgeville and Gordon Roads.
Savannah cannot be too highly commended
for her energy and perseverance in encouraging
connections with her great Railroad, and that
Road has shown enlightened forecast in the
policy it has pursued in aiding those roads, sub
scribing to the stock, and in some cases equip
ping them, running them under its own sched
ule, and consolidating the stocks with its own.
That this policy, so successful thus far, will
be continued by Savannah and the Central
Road, we cannot doubt.
The proposition is now before them, to ex
tend the benefits of this policy to the people of
Hancock. It is asked of the Central and Georgia
Railroads, respectively, to consent to consolidate
with its own capital stock, the stock of a com
pany which shall build a road to it from Han
cock county. The action of the Central Road,
in reference to the Eatonton Road, indibhtes
that it may do the same with the people of Han
cock. Now. if this be good policy for the Central
Road, how much more pre-eminently is it the
policy ol the Georgia Railroad, to do this with
a company that shall build a road from Milledge
ville to Warrenton? It will greatly benefit
Augusta as a city. Augusta is a large stockholder
in the Georgia Railroad,and we invoke the inter
position of its influence as a stockholder, to ac
complish this result.
The RailrUau eouipany will not lose by the
operation. It will be a gainer by it I Let it
declare its willingness to consolidate such a road
when completed, with its own, and that declar
ation will secure the building ofthe road. It
will encourage citizens on the route to make
liberal subscriptions. It will invite capital from
other States to it as a desirable investment.
The stock, it will be universally understood,
will be at par—probably at a premium the day the
road is finished, and turned over to the Directors
and Company of the Georgia Railroad. This
fact, will at once swell the subscription list to
the desire l amount.
The Georgia Railroad company would be a
gainer by it. 'fhat company, having already
an organized corps of officers, having the neces
sary equipment in engines, freight and passen
ger cars, having mechanics,and workshops com
plete in all departments, could make more clear
profit on the business of the new road, than that
road could as a separate company. But the
business of such a road, even under a separate
organization,would make it profitable stock. This
we have no hesitation in asserting. We are
satisfied that the proposition will bear the
test of investigation. If this be true then, it
would by the proposed consolidation, come into
the hands ol the Georgia Railroad company at
a less cost than if organized and run separately,
and it would make more clear profit, because it
would cost less to run it.
Under this arrangement, a smaller amount of
capital invested, would yield a larger nett reve
nue than could be realized by a distinct organi
zation. Whether this amount would beß,9, 10
11 or 12 per cent., w'e will not consume time
now by a detailed calculation.
The length of the road and its probable cost,
are the important points on which must turn
the question of probable nett profits These
points cannot be discussed at the end of this al
ready too long article, but will require separate
eonsideration-
Repudiation.
The inviolability of the public faith is a prin
ciple, both of expediency and of virtue, held
sacred by al! communities, States and nations
emulous of the respect and confidence of the
civilized world. This is the true basis and only
sure foundation of public credit. “ Public Credit,”
says Junius, “ is to the .State, what his plumage
is to the eagle. It not only adorns the royal
bird, but sustains his flight. Deprive him of it,
and you fix him to the earth.”
These remarks are suggested by the recent
action of the City Council of Augusta, in refe
rence to its subscription ot $20,000 to the
Augusta South-Western Plank Road.
We are reluctant to apply the harsh term of
Repudiation to the act by which the subscrip
tion to the Stock is attempted to be annulled.
But what term less harsh, will htly describe the
act by which Council attempts to get rid of the
plain,undeniable, deliberate contract, which of
its own voluntary motion it entered into with
its co-stockholders in that Road. We say “ at
tempts to get rid of,” because the rescinding re
solution is but an attempt, and a vain one if the
Plank Road Company chose to compel the city
to stand up to its contract. The city is legally,
as well as morally bound to comply with the
terms of its subscription, and so it would be de
termined it the question were ever brought to a
judicial decision.
The facts of the case are simply these :
On the 2d day of April, the City Council of
Augusta, passed the following resolution :
Resolved, That the City Council of Augusta,
subscribe to twenty thousand dollars woith of’
stock in the South-Western Plank Road.
In pursuance of this resolution, his Honor the
Mayor, subscribed in black and white, in his
own proper handwriting, to 200 shares of stock
upon the books of the Company. Thus was
solemnly consummated the contract between
the city and its co-stockholders.
At a subsequent meeting of Council, May
7th, the following resolution was passed :
Resolved, That the subscription by the City
Council ot twenty thousand dollars to the South-
Western Plank Road Company, on the 2d dav
ot April last, be withdrawn for the present, un
til the route ofthe road be established and, until
the Council be allo wed a voice in the direction
equal to the interest which the Council has in
the stock of said Company.
It is proper to state, that between the subscrib
ing and the repudiating resolution, an election
intervened. The first was passed by the old;
the second by the new board.
This fact, however, makes no sort of difference
as to the legal and moral obligations resting on
the city. 1
The question arises, first, was there any fraud,
misrepresentation,or mistake, practiced or exist
ing, by means of which, the subscription was
obtained.
If so, there might be some pretext for the sub
sequent action of Council. But nothing of the
kind is alleged. Nothing of the kind exists.
The facts furnish no justification of this character
for the repudiation.
It may also be asked, di 1 Council act under
any false information upon the subject, and have
subsequent disclosures or investigation devel
oped a state of things, which would have pre
vented or qualified the subscription, had it been
known in time? Noteven this, has been or can
be alleged. The Council on the day it subscribed
for the stock had as much information in refer
ence to the expediency of the subscription, as it
had when ft rescinded its subscription.
We do not propose here to discuss the expedien
cy of the subscription in the first instance. We
are prepared to do so, and to vindicate it at the
proper time. But expedient or inexpedient,
the honor and good laith of the city imperiou ly
demand thatthe city should not capriciously flinch
from its contract—repudiate its solemn engage
ment. No community can trifle with its pligh
ted faith with impunity. Its credit at home and
abroad, must be the sufferer and pay the penalty.
One single act of bad faith will neutralize the
honest toils of a whole generation to build up
a sound credit, and the penalty will weigh heavi
ly and disastrously like a leaden cloud upon the
generation to come. We could point totheex
perience of several citiesand States of this con
federacy, which have suffered,and some of which
still suffer, under such an incubus.
The escutcheon of Augusta, has hitherto been
fair and stainless. May it be spared the blemish
which the inconsiderate action of the Council
would place upon it. The Council should re
consider that action and reverse it. We trust
that on a deliberate view of the question, anJ
ts consequences, they will do so ; for we do not
or a moment, entertain the thought, that any
citizen entrusted with a seat at
boaid, can be indiferent to the good faith ol the
city involved in the question.
If it was important that the route should be lo
cated before the subscription was made, Council
should have given that consideration due weight,
and declined to subscribe while the route was
still undetermined.
Isa representation in the Board of Directors
was so desirable, that without it the subscrip
tion was inexpedient, Council should have made
that a condition precedent, or annexed that con
dition to its subscription. But it is too late to
raise the objection after the unqualified sub
scription was formally made.
The fact is, that as yet, the route is not loca
ted. Several routes have been surveyed, and
the selection from among them is to be
submitted to the stockholders. The Council
was informed by the President of the Company
that if it stood up as it ought to do to its con
tract, it would have a potent voice in the selec
tion, by reason of its large subscription. And
this, it seems to us, would have bepfi a more po
litic course, unless the covert design of the res
cinding resolution was to shirk out of the sub
scription, reserving an objection to the route
when selected as the pretext for doing so.
The desire of the Council to be represented
in the direction, it is quite probable, would have
been acceded to, had it been preferred in its
character of a stockholder subscribing on equal
terms with the other stockholders. It would
still be policy in the Company to accede to it,
if on rnaturer consideration, Council stands up
fairly to its contract.
There can be no doubt that the ability and the
will exist among individual citizens to subscribe
an ample amount to build the road. It will be
built whether the city aid or not; but in view
of the great value of this road to the trade and
prosperity of the city, and still more in view of
the plighted faith of the city, it is to be hoped
that the original subscription of $20,000 will be
renewed. The enterprise deserves this mani
festation ot public good will and confidence, and
the public voice, if fairly tested, would probably
accord it.
But whether it would be a good investment
with a view solely to accruing dividends, or to
its incidental bAiefits, is not now the question.
It is a question of contract and public faith.
Jackson County Resolutions.
We publish with pleasure, the resolutions of
the Jackson county Democratic meeting. Their
conciliatory and patriotic sentiments augur the
happiest results, and are worthy at all praise.
We understand that the best spirit prevails
among the supporters of the Administration
in that strong democratic county, and that they
will come together harmoniously at the ballot
box.
Refreshing Showers.
After a long and distressing drought, our city
was visited on Sunday afternoon, and again on
Sunday night, with refreshing showers, which
laid the dust and cooled the air. The rain was
however, not sufficient for agricultural purposes,
and much more is needed. We learn that there
have been copious rains in some sections of the
up-country.
Serious Accident.
We regret to state that on Sunday evening,
about 8 o’clock, Mr. George Roberts, Press
man of this office, fell from the second story of
our composing room, on the pavement, frac
tuting his skull just above the right eye, and
breaking his left arm, and dislocating his wrist.
His recovery is doubtful.
Rain.—For five weeks past (says the Colum
bus Times of the 6th inst.,) we have been suf
fering for rain in this section of country—some
damage was done to the growing crops by the
long drought, and our city was rendered almost
uninhabitable by the dust. On Wednesday
morning, however, we were blest with copious
showers of rain ; the dust is effectually laid at
present, and every green thing rejoices in the
bright sunshine which has succeeded. A pious
riend suggests that the rain was sent in answer
to prayers read in one of our churches on the
preceding Sabbath.
The Albany Patriot of the 6th . instant says :
*• We had a fine rain on Wednesday, which we
learn was general, and probably extended over
the State. The weather is now pleasant. The
health of the country is good.”
The Courier of the Bth instant says: Yester
day there was not a single bale of Cotton sold in
the Savannah market.
Reunion of the Democratic Party in Walton
County.
Agreeable to previous appointment, a large
number of the Democratic party of Walton
county, convened at the Court House, on Tues
day, the 3d instant, for the purpose of selecting
four suitable persons as Delegates to represent
said county in the approaching Gubernatorial
Convention, to be held in Milledgeville on
Wednesday, the 15th of June next, to nominate
a candidate for their party to run lor Governor
of the State.
On motion of Dr. Briscoe, Esq., the meeting
was organized by calling Orion Stroud. Esq., to
the Chair, and requesting John P. Edwards to
act as Secretary. 'l'he object of the meeting
having been explained, on motion of Hon.
J’unius Hillyer, a Committee of five was ap
pointed by the Chair to select Delegates to the
Convention and to present any other matter
deemed necessary for the consideration of the
meeting.
The Committee appointed, were as follows,
viz: Hon. Junius Hillyer, John H. Kilgore,
Jesse H. Arnold, Leonard B. Hayes, and Henry
W. Sheats, Esqs.
The Committee having retired for a short
time, returned and reported to the meeting,
through their Chairman, Judge Hillyer, the fol
lowing resolutions, which were unanimously
adopted :
Ist. Resolved, That we approve the principles
set forth in the platform ofthe Democratic Balti
more Convention of June last, and in the Inau
gural address of President Pierce, and that, we
will give the administration of our illustrious
Chief Magist rate our cordial support.
2d. Resolved. That the triumph and ascen
dency ofthe principles above referred to. can be
but secured by co-operating with the National
. Democratic party; and that we may in the most
efficient manner unite with our friends through
out the State, who concur with us in the above
sentiments, vze will send delegates to repre
sent Walton county in the Democratic Conven
tion to assemble in Milledgeville in June next.
3d. Resolved, That Junius Hillyer, Wilkins S.
Ivey, Harrison 1.. Williamsand Jonathan Still,
Esqs., be appointed to represent this county in
said Convention, and that each of said Delegates
who may be unable to attend, may appoint some
suitable person as bis substitute.
4th. Resolved, That the Secretary of this meet
ing be requested to send a copy of the proceed
ings to the Constitutionalist of Augusta, Ga., and
the Mountain Signal for publication, and that
the other Democratic papers be requested to
copy.
On motion of John H. Kilgore, Esq.—
Resolved, That the Democratic party of each
Militia District be requested to send four Dele
gates to meet at the Court House in Monroe, on
the Ist Tuesday in July next, in county Con
vention, to nominate a candidate for Senator and
two Representatives to be run for the next Leg
islature.
In response to a sudden and enthusiastic call,
Hon. Junius Hillyer eloquently addressed the
meeting. Col. Lucillous H. Briscoe was also call
ed upon and delivered a brief, but appropriate ad
dress.
On motion the meeting then adjourned, sine
die. Orion Stroud, Chairman.
John P. Edwards, Sec’y.
Democratie Meeting in Campbell County.
A pertion of the Democratic party of Campbell
county, met in the Court House, at Campbell
ton on the 3d inst. On motion, Col. Thos.
A. Latham was call to the Chair, and R. C.
Beavers was requested to act as Secretary.
The object of the meeting was explained by
the Chairman, which was to appoint Delegates
to the Gubernatorial Convention shortly to as
semble in Milledgeville, and also Delegates to
| the Congressional Convention shortly to assem
| ble in Newan.
On motion, the Chairman appointed the fol
i lowing gentleman as a Committee to recom-
I mend two suitable persons as Delegates to
■ ; the Gubernatorial Convention, namely. James
F. Nelson, W. Siliman and W. McLevin, and
.! the following gentlemen as a committee, to re
-1 commend three suitable persons as delegates from
each Militia District to represent said county’ in
' I the Congressional Convention, shortly to assem
j ble in Newnan, viz: W. F. Divin, Stephen
■ : Baggett, Wm. M. Allen, Col. Benj. Camp and
1 G/W. Silvey.
1 \ The Committee on the Gubernatorial Conven
' i tion, after a short absence, recommended the
• i names of RobertC. Beavers, and L. Benj. Watts,
; and in case of failure ot either Delegate, W. F.
Divin. which was confirmed by the meeting.
I The Committee for the Congressional Con
' ; vention recommended the following persons as
> Delegates from the respective Districts, viz:
Campbellton District—Wm. B. Swan, Joseph
B. Camp and Jas. F. Nelson.
! Chestnut Log District—W. Siliman, John
' James and Stephen Baggett.
Dark Corner District—Ezekiel Polk, Sami.
, R. Hartsfull and James W. McClarty.
Pumpkin Town District—Joseph G. Gibson,
Isaac Garrett and Benj. Camp.
i Good’s District—Wesly Camp, B. F. Wat-
, kins and Arthur Huchinson.
' McClennis District—W. F. Divin, Wm.
j McClennis and S. B. Watts.
Old Ninth—G. W. Silvey, Andrew Smith
t | and Bedford Duck.
[ i Sand Town District—James M. Caretull,
John M. Wood, John McWilliams.
i Which was confirmed by the meeting.
Ou motion, orde-ed that the Chairman and
j Sn*etarjj t * l> ‘ «.»Eihe iqeetiug
. ana have tnem published in the Democratic pa
pers in the State.
T. A. Latham, Chairman.
R. C. Beavers. Sec’y.
Democratic Meeting in Jackson County.
’ Pursuant to previous notice, a meeting of the
supporters of the administration of President
Pierce, cotisisting of the two wings of the De
mocratic party of Jackson county, and all those
whig?, who are willing to support the adminis
tration. was held in the Court House at Jeffer
son, on Tuesday, the 3rd inst, for the purpose of
re-organizing the party and oppointing delegates
to the approaching Gubernatorial Convention.
On motion, tl.e meeting was organized by
calling Maj Thomas J. Bowen to the Cbair, and
appointing William T. Millican, Secretary.
The object of the meeting was briefly explain
ed by S. P. Thurmond, Esq.,
When, on motion of Robt. White, Esq., the
Chair appointed a Committee of twelve, consis
ing of six from each wing of the party.as follows :
Robt. White, Peter E. McMillan, John Flani
gan, Abner M. Reynolds, Samuel Hunter, Mans
i field Hinton, S. P. Thurmond, Robt. Moore,
; William P. Miller, Willis Webb, Alfred Smith
and A. B. Pittman, to prepare matter for the
| consideration of the meeting.
; The Committee retire I, and after a short ab
-1 sence repotted the following Preamble and Re
i solutions, which were unanimously adopted, to
i wit
| The Committee appointed to report matter for
i the consideration of this meeting, are of opinion
I that there is abundant cause of congratulation in
j view of the present and prospective state of the
Democratic party. At the helm of affairs, stands
a pilot, good and true, whose whole lite is a guar
antee for the faithful discharge of whatever du
ties may be required ot him. Elevated to the
position he now occupies, by the spontaneous
voice ot the people in token of their approbation
of his past course, —and in full confidence of his
future usefulness, we rejoice in the consideration,
that however much the enemies of Democracy
may either covertly or openly seek to lessen its
influence, or sow the seeds of discord among its
supporters, the name of Franklin Pierce will
be a watchword,sufficiently potent to rouse to the
rescue the friends of Liberty,the Constitution and
the Union.
And whereas, the time is fast approaching
when the people of this county will be called
on, through their delegates in Convention, to
aid in selecting a candidate tor Governor; and
whereas, it is also necessary and proper, before
going into the campaign, that the party should
he properly organized, and the principles gov
ering it, plainly and distinctly defined. There
fore
Resolved, That we will give to President
Pierce our cordial and hearty support.
Resolved, That in his inaugural addresii, we
recognize the sentiments of a profound stateman
and an unflinching patriot.
Resolved, That we hereby adopt the Baltimore
DeuHMiratia nlallorm ol' -1852. and the principles 1
avowed in the inaugural address of President
Pierce, as our principles ; and so long as he shall
adhere to said principles, we will support his ad- (
ministration.
Resolved, That it is our desire, that the Demo
cratic party shall be re-organized on terms of ,
perfect equality; and that an entire oblivion of ]
past strife and differences shall take place; and
we most cordially invite all those patriotic
whigs, who are willing to support the adminis- i
tration, to unite with us. ,
Resolved. That it is right and proper, that the I
Democratic party of this county, be represented i
in the approaching Convention at Milledge- i
ville.
Resolved, That we recommend the following I
gentlemen, to wit: Wm. P. Miller, Robert
White, R. J. Park, and John Flanigan, as dele
gates to attend the Convention to be held at 1
Milledgeville, on the 3d Monday in June next, 1
for the purpose of nominating a candidate for ]
Governor.
Resolved, That should any vacancy occur, the !
delegate failing, shall select another to fill his
vacancy. 1
Resolved, That the proceedings of this meet- 1
ing be signed by the Chairman and Secretary,and j
sent to the Constitutionalist & Republic, and
Athens papers, with a request to publish.
The meeting adjourned sine die. 1
Thomas J. BoweN, Chairman. ‘
William T. Millican, Secretary.
Democratic Mooting in Gwinnett. (
A portion ofthe Democratic party of Gwinnett
county, met at the Court-House, at Laurence- t
ville, on the 3d inst. Thompson Allan, Esq, 1
was called to the Chair, and Henry P. Thomas 1
requested to act as Secretary. <
The object of the meeting was explained by 1
Col. Hutchens, which was the appointment of
delegates to the approaching Convention, to be <
held in Milledgeville in June next, for the pur- .
pose of nominating a suitable candidate to be j
run by said party for Governor of this State.
Whereupon Ihe names of James P. Simmons,
Kenan T. Terrell and Henry P. Thomas’ 1
were proposed, who were unanimously chosen '
delegates to represent this county.
It was moved and carried that the meeting’s
proceed ngs be published in the Constitutionalist i
d- Republic, after which,the meeting adjourned. i
Thompson Allan, Chairman.
Henry P. Thomas, Secretary.
Democratic Meeting in Hancock Oounty.
At a meeting of the Democratic party of Han
cock county, convened at the Court House, in
Sparta, on 3d May, Mark Johnston was called
to the Chair, and Alpheus B. Buckncy, request
ed to act as Secretary.
On motion of Andrew J. Lane, a committee
of three be appointed to report to the meeting
the names of suitable persons to represent the
county in the ensuing Gubernatorial Conven
tion, to be held in Milledgeville on the third
Wednesday in June next. The Chairman ap
pointed the following as the committee, to wit:
Andrew J. Lane, Lafayette Ingraham, and
John W. Allen.
The committee, after a short deliberation, re
turned and reported the loliowing names as del
gates :
Lafayette Ingraham, Mark Johnston, and
William Rushing, Jr., which report was unani
mou ly adopted, and the delegates authorized to
fill all vacancies.
It was then resolved that the proceedings of
this meeting be published in the Constitutional
ist be Republic, and Federal Union.
On motion of Col. H. Sandford, the meeting
then adjourned.
Mark Johnston, Chairman.
Alphkus B. Bucknkt, Secretary.
Hailroad Meeting in Gwinnett.
A large number of the citizens of Gwinnett
county, assembled in the Court House at Lau
renceville to-day, for the purpose ot considering
the expediency of constructing a Railroad from
that place, to connect with some point on
the Georgia Road, under a Charter granted by
the Legislature at its last session. A few ofthe
citizens o! Walton and Newton counties were
present also, and participated in the meeting.
On motion, Col. Hutchens was called to the
Chair, and T. W. Alexander, requested to act
as Secretary.
The object of the meeting was explained
by the Chair, upon taking his seat.
D. H. Walker, Esq., of Monroe, representing
the views of the people in that vicinity, urged
at some length, the propriety of running the
Road through that place to the Circle.
On motion of Major Winn—
Resolved, That Nathan L. Hutchens. Robt. B.
Camp, Samuel T. Alexander, Burton Cloud, and
James M. Cfordon, Commissioners named in th» ,
act, incorporating the Laurenceville Railroad
Co., or a majority of them, proceed under this
act, to organize the same, and open books for the
subscription of Stock as soon as possible.
Resolved, That when the meeting adjourn, it
be to meet again on Thursday, the 2d day of
June next, to receive the Report ot the Commis
sioners. and further, that the citizens of Forsyth,
Cherokee, Lumpkin, Union, Rabun, Habersham,
j Jackson and Hall, together with the citizens of
Walton and Newton, be requested to meet with
us at that time, as well as all other persons, who
feel an interest in the Road.
Resolved, That a copy of the proceedings be
sent to tne Recorder, Constitutionalist & Re
public, Savannah Republican, and Southern
Banner for insertion, and that other papers,
friendly to the cause, be requested to copy.
N. L. Hutchens, Chairman.
T. W. Alexander, Secretary.
May 3,1853.
Later from Texas.
By the arrival at New Orleans, of the U. S.
Mail steamship Louisana, Capt. Smith, the Pic
ayune has Galveston dates to the 29th ult.
The Trinity river was rising and in good
navigable condition, with little cotton remain
ing on its bank for shipment.
John A. Satterwhite, of Waco, McLennan
county, has been shot while under arrest, by a
man named Jackson. Satterwhite had previ
ously attempted the life of Jackson, and after
wards shot a Mr. Sevier, for which latter offence
he was placed in the custody of the sheriff'. He
is described as a desperate character, whom the
citizens had proposed to try by lynch law.
Gen. M. Hunt has left Galveston for New
Orleans, in order to endeavor to secure the ad
vantages ot united action in the railroads which
will centre in Fulton, Ark., western frontier.
Gen. Hunt and his associates have determined
to run the Central Railroad from Galveston to
that point in as nearly a direct line as possi
ble.
The News says:
By direction of Professor Forshey, Mr. Tip
ton Walker has now’ completed the survey ot
the road from Virginia Point to Harrisburg, on
an rir line, the distance being a fraction over
thirty-six miles, and the course north 39 deg.
west. The ground for the whole distance is
nearly a dead level, to all appearance, to within
a few hundred yards of Harrisburg. Scarcely
any expense of grading will be required. The
only obstruction is Clear Creek, which will be
crossed very easily as the banks are firm, and
being within tide water, where is no overflow,
and but a trifling change of elevation from the
ebb and flood tides, the bridge will not have to
be raised much above the ordinary level of the
prairie. Professor Forshey, with the assistance
of Mr. Walker, is now engaged in taking the
level, and will soon be ready to make a full re
■ port. .
/The use of thieT’andrama ofTexas ah<F Cffli-* "
fornia, which has been exhibiting in Texas for
some time, has been tendered by the proprietor,
Mr. Sala, to a committee to give a representa
tion for the commencement ot a fund to erect a
monument on the battle field of San Jacinto.
A meeting of the stockholders of the Galves
ton and Red River Railroad Company has been
called for the 18th inst., at Houston, for the elec
tion of a Board of Directors. A call is also ma d
for th^payment of 10 per cent, ot the subscrip
tions. This looks like goifig to work in earnest.
The News says in relation to this road :
This call for the payment of installments looks
a little business-like, and is calculated to banish
the skepticism which has prevailed to some ex
tent in regard to this enterprise. We now learn
thatthe work has been steadily and uninterrupt
edly progressing since its commencement. The
first step taken by the engineer. Theodore F.
Kosse, Esq., was to make a preleminary survey
from Warren on the Brazos to the city of Hous
ton ; after which ISj miles, from the Brazos
timber to Hamblin’s, was surveyed and leveled •
and uow upwards of ten miles is completely
graded and ready for the ties. The hands now
at work will be able to complete the grading as
far as Hamblin’s, by the Ist of J'une. B
We learn that some of the heaviest stockhold
ers of this company in New York, namely,
Messrs. Erastus Conring, W. S. McAlpin, Levi
S. Chatfield, Gen. O. C. Clark, and perhaps
others, are expected in this city next week, or
in time for the organization of the company,’ ac
cording to the notice now given.
A theatrical company, headed by Messrs.
Donaldson & Crocker,and composed of mem
bers ofthe Varieties troupe in this city, is short
ly expected in Galveston. The theatre is being
fitted up anew.
A Rei.io of Navigation.—A writer in the
New Haven Palladium says, that the identical
cylinder belonging to the old steamship “ Savan
nah,” the first that ever crossed the Atlantic, is
in the Allaire Works of N. York, and will be
exhibited at the Crystal Palace, side by side
with one of the most approved construction of
the present time, to show the contrast.
Frost in Mississippi.—The Jackson Mis
sippian says there was a slight frost on the
morning of the 18th ult., which resulted in great
damage to the cotton crop in that and adjoining
counties. The Mississippian understands that
many planters have been obliged to plant over
again. *
Clark Mills, Esq.—A buffalo, elk, and two
wild horses arrived on the freight train at Pitts
burg, on Friday night, for the celebrated sculp
tor, Clark Mills, Esq. They are intended to
serve as models for a sculptural design.
A cargo of cotton was recently exported from
Paraguay. It was shipped by the first Trinidad
steamer that bad ascended the Parana.
E arthqvakb in Washington.—The Wash
ington Republic says a “ a slight earthquake was
experienced in that city, at twenty minutes past
nine o’clock, on Monday morning, continuing
for a few moments only. But few persons were
conscious of it.” They were probably office
holders.
The Savannah Republican, of the 6th instant
says: The Episcopal Convention lor the Dio
cese of Georgia, assembled at Christ Church, in
this city, yesterday morning. No business of
importance was transacted, beyond the mere
organization of the Convention. To-day, the
Bishop’s annual address will be delivered and
the parochiahreports read.
Arthur Spring, when his death warrant was
read to him on Monday, not only charged the
commission of the murder of the two females
upon his son, but also charged him with stealing
the money in New York, for which he (the now
convict) was sent to Sing Sing prison. Upon
being asked as to his confession in regard to the
murder of Rink, he said he had made the state
ment to the foreman of the Grand Jury, which
was published in the newspapers, but that ; a
had done so to mislead him; that as he had I een
falsely charged with two murders, he thougl t hs
might as well confess to a third; but that in point
of fact he had never seen Rink, or been in his
store upon any occasion, and that he knew noth
ing about the umbrella which was said to belong
to Regan.
At a meeting of the Board of Trustees of the
Charleston College, held on Saturday morning,
Professor F. S. Holmes was unanimously elected
Professor of Natural History, to fill the vacancy
occasioned by the resignation of the Rev. Dr.
Bachman.
Louisiana.—This State has subscribed $1,600,-
000 to the stock of the New Orleans, Jackson,
and Great Northern Railroad Company. 1,200,-
000 to the stock of the Opelousas Railroad Com
pany, and SBOO,OOO to the Vicksburgand Shreve
port Railroad Company, in all $3,600,000. —
Columbus Times, 6th instant.
Boston, May 4.
Constitutional Convention.— The Massachusetts
Constitutional Convention assembled this morn
ing. The Whigs have nominated Ex-Governor
Briggs for President, and the coalition the Hon,
N. P. Banks.