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| From the Federal Union, Extra, June 16 ]
DEMOCRATIC STATE CONVENTION.
MfLLK.DGEviLLK. Ga., June 15. 1553.
The Delegates appointed to the Democratic
State Convention to nominate a candidate for
Governor assembled in the Representative Hall
to-day at 11 o’cioc . A M.
For the purpose of organizing the Convention.
On motion ol Thos. M. Griffin, of the count}
of Coweta, Hon Robt. McMillan, of Haber
sham, was called to the Chair, and Arthur Hood
and A. C. Morton, requested to act as Secreta
ries.
On motion of R. W. Flournoy, of Washington,
a call of the Counties wa made, whereupon th*
following Delegates enrolled their names and
took their seats;
Baldwin—Samuel McComb, W. T. William
son. Wm. McKinley, Wm. Steele.
Baker—M Chastain. B O Keaton.
Bibb—J. D j an. P. Tracy, H K. Green, R. A
Smi*h. J J Carey.
Butts—G Hendrick, B. W. Collier. E. Ear
ner. S. H. Saunders.
Burke—R. R. Lawson. E. Watkins, VV
Walker.
Camden—A. S. Atkinson. J C. Smith.
Campbell—R. 0. Beavers. L B Watts.
Carroll—H. P. Wooten. H. F. Merrill, A. J-
Boggiss.
( ass—G. P Hamilton. B H. Leake.
Chatham T Purse, G. P. Harrison, J
M'.Millen. L S D'Lvon.
Chattooga—W. Shropshire. L M • Crook.
Cherokee—J . E Brown, W. J. Williford, G
Mclntyre, R. J. Cowart.
Clarke—W. L. Mitchell.
Coweta— I'. M Griffin, S. W. Lee. J. J
Collier. H. G Tench
Columbia—T. E. Beall, T. M. Matson, J. H
Stockton.
Cobb—S Lawrence. J. O Gartrell, A. Ma
nor.
Crawford—T. C Howard, H. Steele.
Dade—B Easley.
Decatur—T. G. Arnett.
DeKilb—J J Whitaker. A. Nelson.
Dooly—J. J. Collier, E. Butts, J. C. Moun
ger.
Early—B H. Robinson F. T. Cullens.
Eibert—W T. Vanduzer. W. Tea-ley.
Emanuel—E Swain.
Eayette—J. J. WhPaker, J. F Johnson.
Franklin—W. Turk, J. H. Patrick, E. W.
Morris
Floyd—James Spurlock. J. W. M. Berrien.
Forsyth—S. Strickland. G. N. Lester, L. F.
Wileox.
Gordon—Geo. Lumpkin, J. D. Phillips, J. C.
Longstreet.
Gwinnett—H P. Thomas, K. T. Terrill.
Hall—J. Gray. ,
Hancock—T L. Wynn, tfWlley. M. John-
F t? $.« n ford.
McMiUan.
Harris—F. Fargett. J. N. Ramsay.
Heard—S T S'rickland.
H-nry—H. H Glenn. R. M Stell.
Houston—E..l McGehee, W. Herrington, J.
A. Pringle. J. H Powers.
Irwin —Geo. Wilcox, YY . S. Moore.
Jackson —J Flanagan, YY . C. Miller, R. J.
Park, B. White. „ , L
Jasper-C EF. W Campbell. J. H. Shrop
shire, G. D. Lamar, J. L Standifer, C. D. Bos
tick. . . c
Jones—L Singleton, W. S. Moughon, J. >■
Walker. J. Roberts
Jefferson —A. R- YY right, E. B. Hoo..
Laurens —J. R- Cochran.
Lee—J P Cock, A E. Harris.
Libe ty—E Danie'. R. Harris.
Lumpkin—W. M. Varnum.
Macon—P M. Huson, J A. Hunter. M . H.
Willis, T. S. Swaringen, R. H. D. Sorrel.
Marion—T. Oliver.
Monroe—J. H. Josey. T. B. Williams, J.
Lamar. A. Harney. Z. E Harman.
Merriwether—W. H. F. Hall. D. C. Gresham,
S. Darden.
Morgan—T. J Burney. T. P.Saffol I, Geo. R.
Jessup.
Murray—J. Edmonson. S. L. Stow. Jas. .Mor-
Melntosh—C. Spaulding. W. J. Dunwoody.
Muscogee—J F. Bozeman. J. Quinn. 1- Lo
max. M. Torrance. A. J. Robinsori.
Newton—T. F. Jones. H. A. Troutman, L.
Q. C. Lamar. ,
Oglethorpe—P. M.Stephens, A. W. Jackson.
Paulding—L M. Mattdews. G. Gray.
Polk—J. M. Ware. T. C Bonner,
pike J. Neal. T. S M. Bloodworth.
Pu'aski—E. Pollock. G W. Jordan.
Putnam—A. 0 Moseley, W. A. Reid, L. J.
Stewart. J. Adams. .
Randolph—S. P. Allison, S. A. Smith. M. D.
Hendrix.
Richmond —Jas Gardner. Jr.
Stewart—J. A Tucker. D.G. Rogers.
Sumter—J. P. Guerry, Jas. S. Fish. M . M.
Brady.
Spaulding—H. Varner. S. C. Mitchell.
Talbot— W. A. Daniel, A. G. Perryman, E.
W. Pou.
Taliaferro— M. Griffin, D. A. Williams, n.
Bell.
Taylor—Jesse Tennison.
Telfair—M. G Wilcox.
Troup—l. A Russell, J. A. Lane, F. A. Hu
son, S. F. Culberson. T. D Harris.
Twiggs—Dr Gibson. H. Faulk. W S. Kelly.
Upson—T. A D Weaver. P M Smith.
Warren—W. H Hobart, N. A. Wicker.
Walker—Michael Diikson.Jno Caldwell.
Walton—J. Hillyer. W. S. Ivey, H. L. Wil
liams. J. Still.
Washington—Sami. Robinson, R. W. Flour
noy, S. B. Crafton-. R. L Warthen.
Wayne—S. O'Bryan, R, R. Richard.
Whitfield —O H. Kenan, C. Hibberts, B. H.
Sapp.
Wilkinson—A E. Cochran, J. F. Burney
Jas. Taylor. B. O'Bannon.
On motion of R J. Cowart, of Cherokee, a
committee of one from each judicial circuit, tv as
appointed to select officers for the convention.
Which committee consisted as follows :
From Blue Ridge Circuit. Robt. J. Cowart Ch’n
u Eastern “ A. S. Atkinson.
“ Middle “ R- W. Flournoy.
“ Northern “ AV. H Hubert.
« Southern “ W S. A ooie.
“ Western “ E W. Morris.
“ Ocomulgee “ Thos. P. Saffbld.
-• Flint ZE Harman.
“ Macon “ James D-an.
“ S. Western “ FT. Cullens.
“ Chattahoochee“ T. Lomax.
u Coweta “ Thos. M. Griffin.
“ Cteokee “ AV. Shrop-hire.
Who having retired and returned, reported
the names of the following getrtiaipen as officers
of the convention:
For President
HON. THOMAS J. BURNEY, of Morgan.
For Vice Presidents.
Hon. O. H. Kenan, of Whitfield, Gen’l Sam’l
Robinson of Washington. Hon. Thos. Purse, oi
Chatham. Capt. George Wilcox of Irwin, Col.
John A Tucker, of Stewart, Hon. Henry P.
AVooten, of Carroll,
For Secretaries.
Alex. C. Morton, of Muscogee, Arthnr Hood,
of Gordon.
Which selection was unanimously confirmed
by the convention.
Upon motion of James Gardner. Jr., of Rich
mond, a committee of three, consisting ot Gard
ner of Richmond, Spaulding of Mclntosh, and
Varnum of Lumpkin, were appointed to inform
the President of his selection ar d conduct him
to his seat.
The President on taking the chair, addressed
the convention, thanking them for the honor
conferred upon him, and congratulating the De
mocracy of the State upon the favorable circum
stances which surrounded their union, and urg
ing upon all the harmony and good feeling which
should characterize Democrats as a body.
The resolution adopted by the State Demo
cratic Convention of 1849, was on motion oi Mr.
Bryan of Wavne, adopted It is as follows :
Resolved, That we recommend that the basis
of representation in future Conventions be one
for each county for Senator, and two for each
Representative, to be estimated according to the
present basis of representation in the Legisla
ture.”
On motion of Mr Hillyer of Walton.the dele
gates in this Convention fiom counties not fully
represented were authoiized to cast the full vote
to which such counties were entitled under the
preceding resolution.
Mr. Harrison ofChatham, offered the follow
ing reso'u*ion :
Resolved. That a majority of all the votes cast
by the Convention, shall be requisite for the
nomination of a Candidate for Governor.
To which Mr. Lomax of Muscogee,offered the
following as a substitute.
Resolved, That it shall require a vote of two
thirds of the entire Convention to nominate u
candidate of the Pa<y for Governor.
After a discussion partieipa’ed in bv Messrs.
Flo a rno y. Gin b> '■ r ■ ,*g f lb Mr M iliafj,
and otßer--. tfi» rreolutfon offered by Mr. ilain
son was withdrawn, and the substitute offered
by Mr. Lornax presented as an original resolu
tion. and carried by a large majority.
On motion the Convention then proceeded to
ballot fora candidate for Governor. Upon count
ing out the votes the following was the result:
Herschel V. .Johnson received 129 votes.
Henry G Lamar received seventy nine votes.
Hugh A Haralson received s-verity one votes
Hiram Warner received twenty four votes
Henry R. Jackson received three votes, and
one vote blank—no one having received two
thirds of th- votes cast, the Convention proceed
ed to the 2nd Bdlot. with the following result.
Herschel V Johnson, received 163 votes.
Hugh A Haralson, received 77 votes.
Henry G Lamar, received 51 votes.
Hiram Warner, received 16 votes.
Henry R Jackson received 5 votes, and E.
Starnes 3 votes.
Upon motion the Convention then adjourned
to 3 o’clock, P. M.
.3 o’clock, P. M.
The Convention met pusuant to adjournment,
the President in the Chair. , ~ ,
The Convention again proceeded to ballot,
with the following result: .
On the 3rd ballot, H. V. Johnson.received 172
votes.
Hugh A. Haralson 91 votes.
H. G. Lamar 26 votes.
Hirai.n Warner 8 votes.
Henry R Jackson 3 votes.
James H Stark 3 votes. ,
On the 4th Ballot H. V. Johnson received 193
Votes.
Hugh A. Haralson 98 votes.
Henry R. Jackson 2 votes and J. H. Stark 15
votes, the names of Lamar and Warner having
been withdrawn.
On the fifth and last Balin*.
H. V. Johnson received 205 votes, Hugh A.
Haralson 85 votes, J H- Stark 12 votes, H. R.
Jackson 3 votes, and Henry L. Benning one
vote.
Rkcavitvi.ation of Ballotings.
I 2 3 I 5
Johnson 129 163 172 192 205
Hardson 71 77 91 98
Lamar 79 51 26 withd n
Warner 21 16 S
Jackson 3 •’ 1
Starnes 00 3 3 00 3
Stark ■o° 00 00 1,1 12
Benning.’.'.'..’.'.’.'.’. o'l 00 00 1
The Hon. Herschel V. Johnson having re
•eived two thirds ol'the entire vote cast wa>
leclared bv th- President the choice of the Dem
>cratic Partv for Governor ol Georgia, and on
notion of F: a. Sandford, of Hancock, t lie nom
nation was made unanimous, and by acelama-
1011- 1 Y 1* ' I TA’
The Committee ot 3 from each .ludicuil Dis
•lict to draft suitable resolutions for adoption by
the Convention was then announced as follows:
Middle District—James Gardner, jr.. Ci air
man; S. B Crafton, of Washington; Thos. E.
Beall ot Columbia.
Western District—E. W. Morris ot Franklin.
Junius Hillyer of Walton, Wm. L Mitchell of
Cl Nnrthern District—W. Teasley of Elbert,
Mark Johnson, of Hancock. P. M. Stephens, ol
Oglethorpe.
Eastern District—G P Harrison, ot Chatham,
Chas. Spalding, of Mclntosh. S. O. Bryan, ot
"ocmidgee District —Wm. MeKinlei. of Bald
win. T P Saffbld. of Morgan, A. E. Cochran of
Wilkinson .
Southern District—George \\ ilcox ot Irwin,
F. G. Arnett of Decatur, G. W. Jordan ot Pu
laski.
Flint Distiiet—L Q C Lamar, ot Newton.
T A D. Weaver of Upson, H. H. Glenn,of
Henry. i
Cherokee District—Geo. Lumpkin ol Gordon,
L W. Crook,of Chattooga. Benj. Easly ot Dade
Cnwe*a I’istrict —A Nelson ot Cobb, A hos
DeKalb Harris, of Troup, W. H. F. Hall ot Mer
ri wet her. .
South Western District—B H. Robinson ot
F.srlv, J. S Fish of Sumter, S. A. Smithofßan
dolph . . T .
Chattahoochee District—A. J. Robinson ot
Muscogee, J. N Ramsay of Harris, T. Oliver ot
Macon District—R HD. Sorrel of Macon, P.
Tracy of Bibb, Jno. H. Powers of Houston.
B'ne Ridge District—J. E. Brown of Chero
kee. J. M. Ware of Polk, A. J. Boggess of Car
roll. ,
Who retired, when the Convention was ad
dressed by Mr. Cowart of Cherokee.
The committee ot 39 having returned through
their Chairman, James Gardner. Jr., submitted
the following • e
Recokt : '
The Committee to whom was coutideujne
duty of reporting resolutions for the considers
tio ' of this Convention, bc«* leave 1o recommend
the following adopted by the National Demo
cratic Convention, as embodying the creed and
the sentiments of the Democracy of Georgia:
Resolved, That the American Democracy
place their trust iu the intelligence, the patriot
ism. and the discriminating justice of the Ameri
can people.
“ Kesofoerf, That we regard this as a distinc
tive feature of our political creed, which we are
proud to maintain before the world as the great
moral element in a form of government spring
ing from and upheld by the popular will; and
we contrast it with the creed and practice of
Federalism, under whatever name or form
which seeks to palsy the will of the constituent,
and which conceives no imposture too monstrous
for the popular credulity.
'■ Resolved therefore, That entertaining these
views, the Democratic party of this Union,
through their Delegates assembled in a general
convention, coming together in a spirit ot con
cord, of devotion to the doctrines and faith ot a
free representative government, and appealing
to their fellow.citizens for the rectitude ot their
intentions, renew and re-assert before the Ame
rican people, the declaiations of principles avow
ed by them when on former occasions in gene
ral convention, they have presented their candi
dates for the popular suffrages.
•‘l. That the Federal Government is one of
limited powers, derived solely from the Consti
tution ; and the grants of power made, ought to
be strictly construed by all the departments and
agents of the Government; and that it is inex
pedient a d dangerous to exercise doubtlul con
stitutional powers.
u 2. That the Convention does not center
upon the General Government the power to
commence and carry on a general system ot in
ternal improvements.
u 3. That the Constitution does not confer
authority upon the Fedeial Government, direct
ly or indirectly, to isstime the debts of the seve
ral Stages contracted for local and internal im
provements. or other State purposes : nor would
such an assumption be just or expedient.
‘•4 That justice and sound policy forbid the
Federal Government to foster one branch ot in
dustry to the detriment of any other, or to
cherish the interests of one portion to the injury
of another portion of our common country; that
every citizen, and ev» rv section ot the country
has a right to demand and insist upon an equali
ty of rights and privileges, and to complete and
ample protection ot persons and property Irom
domestic violence or foreign agression.
“5. That it is the duty of every branch ot
Government to enforce and practice the most
rigid economy in conducting our public affairs,
and that no more revenue ought to be raised
j than is required to defray the necessary expenses
i of the Government, and tor the gradual but cer
tain*extinction ot the public debt.
; “ 6 That Congress has no power to charter
a National Bank; that we believe such an in
stitution one of deadly hostility to the best in-
: ferests of the country, dangerous to our republi
can institutions and the liberties oi the people,
and caleu'ated to place the business o< the coun-
. try wirhan ’he control of a ronepntravel money
power, and above rhe laws and the will o! rue
people; and that the results of Democratic legis
lation in this and all other financial measures
iqiori which issues have been made between the
two political parties of the country, have de
monstrated to candid and practical men ol all
parties, their soundness, safety, and utility in ad
business pursuits
*• 7. That the separation of the monies of the
Government from banking institutions is indis
pensable for the safety of the funds id the Gov
ernment and the rights of the people.”
I ”8. That the libera! principles embodied by
Jefferson in the declaration of Independence,
and sanctioned in the Constitution which makes
1 ours the iar.d of liberty, and the asylum of the
■ oppressed of every nation, have ever been car
dinal principles in the Democratic laith, and
every attempt to abridge the privi ege oi be-
! coquing citizens and the owners ot soil among
us, ought t;> be resisted with the same spirit
I which swent the abort and sedition laws from
our statute books.”
! “9. That Congress has no power under the
| Constitution to interfere with or control the do
| mestic institutions of the several States, and
that such States are the sole ami proper judges
of every thing appertaining to their own affairs,
i not prohibited by the Constitution ; that all ef
forts of the abolitionists and others made to in-
: duce Congress to interfere with questions of
slavery, or to take incipient steps in relation
I thereto, are calculated to lead to the most alarm-
■ ing and dangerous consequences; and that all
I such efforts have an inevifable tendency to di
minish the happiness o! the people, and eudan-
I ger the stability and permanency ol'the Union.
I and ought not to he conntepar ced by any triend
I of our political institutions.”
“ Resolved, That the foregoing proposition
' covers, and was intended to embrace the whole
subject of slavery agitation in Congress, and
i therefore, the Democratic party of the Union,
standing on the national platform, will abide by
■ and adhere to a faithful execution of the acts
' known as the compromise measures, settled by
■ the last Congress , *' the act for reclaiming lugi-
■ tives Irom service or labor,” included: which act
being designed to carry out an express provis
ion of the Constitution, cannot witii fidelity
thereto. Le repealed, or so changed as to destroy
or impair its efficiency.
“ Resolved, That ths Democratic part .- will
resist all attempts at renewing, in Congress or
out ot it, the agitation ot the slavery question
under whatever shape or color the attempt may
be made.
“ Resolved, That Hui proceeds of the public
lands ought to be sacredly applied to the nation
al objects specified in the Constitution, and that
w« ere opposed to any law for the distribution
of such proceeds among the States, as a like in
expedient m policy and repugnant to the Con
stitution.
'■Resolved That we are decfffedly opposed to
taking from the President the qualified veto
power, by which he is enabled, under restrictions
and re.i.'-nsihilities amply Hicient to guard the
public intere.r fp-iuspend the passage of a bill
whose rr» liG caotfof gecuie the approval of two
thirds of the Senate and iloyse of Representa
tives until the judgment of the people can be ob
tained thereon, and which has saved the Ameri
can people from corrupt and tyrannical domina
tion of the Bank ol'the United States, and from a
corrupting system of general improvements.
"Resolved, That the Demoeratie party will
faithfully abide by. and uphold the principles
laid down in the Kentucky and Virginia resolu
tions of 1798, and in the report of Mr. Madison
to the Virginia Legislature in 1799; that it
adopts those principles ss constituting one of
the main foundations of its political creed and is
resolved to cany them out in their obvious
meaning end import.
'•Resotv d, That the war with Mexico.upon all
the principles of patriotism and the laws of na
tions. was a just and necessary war on our part,
in which every American citizen should have
shown himself on the side of bis country, and
neither morally nor physically, by word or deed,
have g ven aid and comfort to the enemy.
I "Resolved, That we rejoice at, the restoration
of friendy relations with our sister Republic of
Mexico and earnestly <.’e;iire for her all the
blessings and prosperity which we enjoy under
republican institutions; and we congratulate
the American people upon the results of that
war. which havs so manifestly justified the poli
cy and conduct of the Democratic party, and
insured the United States '‘indemnity for the
past, and security for the future.
“ Resolved. That in view of the condition of
popular institutions in tire Old World, a high
and sacred duty is devolved, with increased
responaibditv, upon the Democratic party of this
c untrv. a* the party of the psojde, to uphold and
maintain the rights of every State, and thereby
the Union of the States, and to sustain and ad
vance among us constitutional liberty by con
tinuing to resist all monopolies and exclusive
le"islation lor the benefit ol the few at the ex
pennae of the many, and by a vigilant and con
stant adherence to those principles and compro
rows of the Coustitution, which aye broyd
enoimh and strong enough to embrace and up
hold th,* Union as it was the Union as it is. and
the Union as it shall be, in the full expansion of
the energies and capacity of this great and pro
gressive people. n
lusolved. That the sentiments of the Inau
gural Address of President Pierce will meet a
hearty response from the Democracy of Georgia,
and strengthen the assurance inspired by his
past political lite that the Constitution ol our
country «t home, and her rights ami ho or
abroad, will be maintained by his Administra
tion.
Resolved. That the Democratic |arty of Geor
gia. profoundly sympathise with their fellow de
mocrats of the Uniteil States, in the great loss
sustained by our party, and the country in the
death of the Vice President, Wm. R. King, of
Alabama, whose distinguished public services,
and blameless lite, endeared I iin to the Ameri
can people, and whose memory will be cherish
ed while patriotism and virtue are honored
among men. *
Mr. Nelson, of DeKalb moved the reception
and adoption of the report which was agreed to
unanimously.
Ou motion of Mr. Cochran, of Wilkinson, a
committee of three was appointed to notify the
lion. H. V Johnson of his selection as the De
macratic candidate for Governor of Georgia, and
to request his acceptance. The Committee con
sist of Cochran, of Wilkinson ; Morris, of Frank
lin, and Crook, of Chattooga.
On motion of Mr. Mitchell, of Clarke, an Ex
ecutive Committee of eight was appointed by i
the Chair which consists of the following gen- I
tiemen :
Wm. McKinley of Baldwin. Chairman, II K. !
Green of Bibb, Robt. Collins of Bibb. R. B. Hil
ton of Chatham, Wm. R. M’Laws of Richmond,
John A Tucker of Stewart, Joseph Watters ot
Floyd, Wm. H. Hull of Clarke.
I'he Convention was then addressed by
Messrs. McMillan, Hillyer, Ramsey, Tucker,
Crook, Flournoy and Brown, after which the
President having retired and the Chair taken by
Judge Wnot ten, one of the Vice Presidents, a
resolution ol thanks was offered to the President
for the impartial and able manner with which
he presided over the deliberations of the conven
tion, and to the Secretaries for the efficient and
attentive manner with wihch they' have dis
charged their duties.
On motion of Mr. Whitaker, of DeKalb, the
Democratic papers in the State were requested
to copy the proceedings.
On motion of Mr. Tucker, of Stewart, the
Convention then adjourned sine die.
THOS. J. BURNEY, President.
Alex. C.Mokton, I. Secretaries '_ •
Arthur Hood, J
V . [From the Chronicle Sf Sentinel \
The Anti-Liquor Law Movement
Mr. Editor ;—A communication in your pa
per over the signature of “ E Pluribus Unum.” in
relation to the measure in contemplation for the
suppression of the retail traffic in spirituous li
quors, calls for a short notice, anil it shall be as
brief as circumstances will allow.
The writer asserts, without any apparent
doubt as to the correctness of his opinion, that
the law which the friends of Temperance seek
to have enacted will be unconstitutional. In
other won's to refer the question of" License or
no License” to the people, will be to gijint to
them the exercise of legislative power; and ac
cording to Sec. 2d of Art 1 ot the Constitution,
"all legislative power is vested in two separate
and distinct branches, to wit: a Senate and
House of Representatives, styled the General
Assembly.” He has attempted to sustain his
opinion both by argument and authority. Now
I propose to test his argument and authority,
and see how far they support the position which
he has assumed.
In the first place, let us distinctly understand
what it is the friends of the proposed measure
are about to ask the Legislature to do. They
do not propose to ask the Legislature to prepare
a bill for the suppress'on of the retail traffic in ar
dent spirits and then refer that bill to the peo
ple, who shall decide at the ballot box whether
or not it shall become a law of the State. They
occupy no such position: and in this discussion
this is an important point to be kept in view,
for upon it turns the question at issue between
"E Pluribus Unum” and myself.
They simply seek to have enacted by the Le
gislature a law making the consent of a majori
ty of the legal voters of a county or district a
condition precedent to the granting of retail li
cense. Has not the Legislature the constitution
al power to pass such a law ? If not, where
is the prohibition, or with what clause of the
Constitution would it conflict ? And when en
acted, how can it be pretended that the simple
fact of voting “ License or no License” is the
exercis? of th law-making power? I have al
ways understood that a bill to become a law
must be “ read three times and on three separate
days in each branch of the General Assembly,”
and after being passed by the two Houses it must
be submitted to the Governor for his approval,
and if approved by him, or passed by two-thirds
of both Houses, notwithstanding his dissent, it
then becomes a law. This is precisely the course
we expect our bill to take. We will ask the
Legislature to prepare and introduce one prohi
biting the retail of spirituous liquors, except up
on the condition that the consent of a majority
of the voters of a county or district, is previously
obtained ; and we will expect the Legislature to
pass that bill into a law in the manner and form
prescribed by the Constitution ; and when so
passed, we expect it to have force and power
and vitality, even though not one man in the
State should go to the polls to vote on the ques
tion of license or no license. The people can as
well withhold their assent from the licensing of
retail shops bv staying at borne and not voting,
as they can by voting "no license.'’ We ask
that the law be so framed—an I that is the posi
tion of the resolutions of the A'lanfa Coriven
tion—that no man -hall b- permitted to retail
until hecan produce sa' i-1'""-r y evidence that
an actual majority oft*-‘ heal voters ol his
county or district fa'-or h s application for li
cense. If we can g'-t the law in that shape, the
people may be entirely passive in the matter—
they mav stay at home and simply withhold
their assent. The retailer failing to comply with
the condition on which alone license can ne
granted to him, would of course tail to obtain
it. Now would not the law be constitutional
and operative '? and where would be the exercise !
of any pov. er on the part ot the people, either
legislative or otlre, wise, to give it force and va
lidity ? Is it not competent for the Legislature
to pass a law making the retailing of spirituous
liquors without license illegal ? and cannot the
Legislature prescribe the terms upon which
license shall be granted, and that unless those j
terms are complied with the license shall be I
withheld? Most assuredly; for “E Pluribus]
Unum” himself has admitted the constitutional
right of the Legislature to pass a general law
prohibiting the retail of ardent spirits, and it they
can do it absolutely and unconditionally they
can do it conditionally. If not, let some reason
be shown why they have the power in the form
er case and not in the latter.
Then we propose that the Legislature pass a
law prohibiting the retail of ardent spirits, ex
cept upon the condition that a ma jority of all
the legal voters of the county or district give
their assent to it. Now it is immaterial how
this assent of the majority i« to be obtained—
whether by voting on the question of License or
no License, or by giving their signatures to a
petition seeking the establishment of a retail
shop. The point which I seek to establish is
this—ls the people should be passive, and fail to
vote when the question of License or no License
is submitted to them, or should simply refuse to
give their signatures to a petition for the estab
lishment of a retail shop—the license in such a
case could not be granted—the law would pro
hibit the retailing, and would prescribe a penal
ty for its breach—it would have force, pow
er and efficacy, but how could its force, po ver
and efficacy be ascribed to the direct exercise of
legislative power by the people ? " E Pluribus
Unum will please inform us, if he can. We
shall look to him for light on this subject, and if
he should fail to give it to us we shall despair of
getting it elsewhere.
We will now examine the main argument
adduced by “F. Pluribus Unum,” in support of
his position. He says, “ Legislative power is the
power to pass laws. Law is a rule of action.—
Man has the natural right to retail liquor, no
one denies. Any rule or regulation, therefore,
which rastrains that right is a law, which is ne
cessarily erected bv legislative power. There
fore, if the people make any such regulation, re
training the natural right, they exercise legisla
tiv p power/'
This is the argument put in syllogistic form.
Now in the conclusion, which he deduces from
his premises, ire has made a mistake in fact, the
correction of which completely demolishes his
conclusion. He assumes that " the people are to
make the regulation restraining the natural
right ” and that they, therefore, exercise legisla
tive powei. Now we do not propose that the
power sfroiJd be delegated to the people to make
any regulation restraining this right—the right
to retail spirits—we ask the Legislature to make
the regulation and to enact the prohibition on
" this natural right.” except upo-: the condition
specified. The legitimate inference from his
premises should have been stated thus, “ Who
ever makes any such regulation restraining this
natural right, exercises legislative power.” His
mistake consists in putting the people in the
place of the Legislature. We ask the Legislature,
and not tire people, to enact the regulation re
straining the right to retail spirits.
Now the question arises here—Would the as
sent of a majority of the voters of a county or
district w given to the establishment of a retail
shop amongst them, be the exercise of legislative
power? If so. in what does the legislative pow
er consist? Surely not in carrying the bill into
a law, through the forms prescribed in the Con
stitution. In the law which we seek, that is to
be done by the Legislature. Neither are the
people to enact the prohibition on “the natural
right” to retail—that is to be done by the Legisla
ture—-nor are they to say upon what terms, or up
on what condition license shall be granted—that,
too, is to be done by the Legislature. If the
people should vote, “ License,” how can that be
construed to be the exercise of the law-making
power? lam utterly at a loss to know, but
perhaps “E Pluribus Unum” can inform us, and
that he may be better prepared to inform us on
this intereating question of Constitutional Law.
let me direct his attention to an Act. now in
force on our Statute book, “to regulate the
licensing Physicians in this Stale, to pfOVeilt
Apothecaries vending and exposing to sale, with
in this State, Drugs and Medicines without a
license from the Board of Physicians, and to pre
vent merchants, shop keepers and all other per
sons from compounding and preparing drugs and
medicines, or either.” To give the substance of
that statute iu few words, it prescribes that.
J-No person shall bo allowed to practice physic
and surgery, or any of the branches thereof, or in
any cases prescribe for the cure of diseases for
fee or reward, unless he or they shall have been
first licensed to do so,” by the Board of Physi-
cians established by law. and which Board con
sists of twenty physicians, and it is furtbef pro
vided that said Board may grant or oppose li
censes to applicants who may exhibit diplomas
from a Medical College, as they mav find them
on examination, qualified or otherwise- and still
further, that it shall not be lawful for the Board
<4 Physicians to license any person who shall
no* produce satisfactory testimonials of good
moral character. It also provides that no Apoth
ecary within tire State, unless he be a licensed
physician, shall Ire permitted to vendor expose
to sale any drugs or medicines, without previous
ly obtaining a license to do so from the Board ol
Physicians.
Now, il a la v, which merely gives tn the peo
ple tire right to vote "License or no License”
when a retail shop is sought to be established
amongst them, delegates legislative power, and
is. therefore, unconstitutional, what will" E
Pluribus Unum” say as to the law giving to the
Board of Physicians power to grant or withhold
license from applicants to practice medicine,
and to vend drugs? Are they, too, invested
with legislative power ? As much so as the
people 111 the first ease ; lor it is not the number
which is to grant or withhold the license in
either case, which makes the law unconstitu
tional. The principle is the same, be the licens
ing body large or small.
But let us apply “ E Pluribus Unum’s” syllo
gism to the cases ol Physicians, and venders ol
drugs and medicines, and see how it will woik.
“ Legislative power is the powei to pass laws
' Law is a rule of action Man lias the natural
I right to practice medicine, and vend drugs, no
one denies. Any rule or regulation, therefore,
i which restrains that right is a law, which law
is necessarily created by legislative power.
Therefore, if a board ot physicians make any
such regulation, restraining this natural right,
thevexerci.se Legislative power.”
Now the conclusion is just as legitimate in
one case, as in the other. It the law, which the
friends ot temperance seek to have enacted,
would be unconstitutional, the other, now on the
statute book, is equally so. But, is “ E Pluribus
Unum” prepared to admit this? He cannot es
cape the dilemma He must admit onr law to
be in accordance with the Constitution, or be
driven to the position that the statute establish
ing a board of physiciai* to license practitioners
ol medicine and venders of drugs, also confers
legislative power, and is, therefore unconstitu
tional and void. But that statute has been be
fore our Supreme Court, an<l its binding force
was fully recognized—the Court never intimated
- doubt as to its constitutionality. “ E PJuribus
Unum” is, therefore, respectfully asked to, show
how it is the exercise of Legislative powor, for
the people to vote “ License or No License
and why jjfls not the exercise of a •.iwer.
for • board of c>r-
licence from applicants nleo., , w e, or,
to vend drugs, as they may deem them q|ralificd,
or otherwise. j-
“E Pluribus Unum” quotes authority to sus
tain his position. He says: “The Supreme
Court of New York has decided this question in
accordance with his views,” and “ the same
point has been decided by one of the Courts of
Minnesota.”
Has “ E Pluribus Unum” seen and read the
decision made by the Supreme Court of New
York, which he quotes? I presume be has not,
for if he had read it he certainly would not have
quoted it in support of his opinion He is a law
yer. and. from the tenor of his production, quite
an able one—and ifhe wilt examine the decision
referred to, he will see, that it can be more
properly quoted against, than in support of his
opinion
The decision of the Supreme Court of New
York was not made on a law vesting the people
with the right of granting or withholding retail
license, as they may deem proper, for they hav«
no such law in that State, and the constitution
ality of such law could not come before her
Courts for adjudication. But the Supreme Court
has recently made a decision, the princ'ple of
which it is supposed, applies to the law which
we seek 'o have passed by our Legislature, and
it has been frequently quo*ed to show that we
are about to ask the Legislature to pass an un
constitutional law. Let. us examine it and see
if it applies to our case, and if it can be rightfully
quo'ed against us.
The law declared by the Supreme Court of
New York to be unconstitutional, is there called
and known as “ the free school law. v It was sub
mitted by the Legislature to the people, who
should decide bv their votes, whether or not it
should “become a law.” The act in question
was not made a law of the State by the Legis
lature, but the question was submitted to the
people for them to enact into a law, if they ap-
I proved it, or reject it if they disapproved it". The
10th Section of the act contained the unconsti
tutional provision, and upon that the decision of
the Court was based I have the opinion of the
Court, delivered by Justice Pratt, now before
me, and do not quote from memory. The 10th
Sec. is in these words:— "The electors shall
determine hy ballot at the. next annual election to be
held in November next, whether Hits act shall or
shall not become a law and the Court remarked
in their decision, “it will be seen by this pro
vision that the question upon the finale passage
of the bill was to be taken at the polls.” _
Now do we propose any thing like this in the
law which we seek to have enacted bv our Le
gislature ? Can “E Pluribus Unum” find any
thing in the Atlanta resolutions, which bears
the most remote resemblance to that section of
the New York tree-school la w ? Until he finds
some analogy between the two. he has no right
to quote the New York decision as authority
against us.
But not only is that decision Pot authority
against ns. but it may be relied on in support of
the position we occupy.
Wa do not ask the Legislature to submit an
act to the people to be by them passed into a
law—but. we ask the Legislature themselves to
pass a law prohibiting and restraining tire re
tailing of epiiituons liquors, except upon cifittafin
conditions-—that is to say. that license to retail
spirits shall not be granted but upon the bap
pening of a c»itain contingency in the county
or district where the license is sought to be ob
tained. And this principle was distinctly and
fully recognised in the decision now under
review. The Justice who delivered the opin
ion of the Court, said—
" I am aware that it is insisted,and was strenu
ouslv urged upon the argument, that the Le
: gislature has power to enact conditional laws—
laws to take effect upon the happening of some
future unknown and contingent event. Nobody
will contest this proposition. The Legislature
may undoubtedly provide by its enactments for
anticipated and uncertain events, which may or
may not happen. Most laws are intended to be
[ prospective in their operation, and they may
I provide in themselves to take effect only on the
happening of some uncertain or contingent
event.”
We now have “E Pluribus Unum’s battery
playing npon himself, and we will thus leave it.
I shall not comment on the Minnesota decis- |
ion, because I have not seen it, nor the law upon
which it was made, and "E Pluribus Unum” will ]
admit that to be a stave course.
“E Pluribus Unum” asks "why do not the ad- !
vacates of I gislation upon this subject meet the [
question bold Iv. take the monster by the horns, ■
and petition the Legislature to prohibit the re- |
tail of ardent spirits by a law of their own
manufacture” In other words, he means, why
do we not petition the Legislature to prohibit
the retail of ardent spirits absolutely and uncon
ditionally? Now this is just what the enemies
of the Temperance cause want. (I do not,
however, suppose “E Pluribus Unum to be one
of them.) That is the position to which they
wish to drive us, because thy know that they
cannot success ully assail ou _ present position,
but they can the other They want us to call
for absolute and unqualified prohibition in or
der that they may excite and array the prejudi
ces of the peop'e agains us. If we suffer our
selves to he driven Irom our vantage ground, and
forced to occupy an unfavorable position, many
a Grub-street, orator will mount a bench in a
groggery, and cry out “ chains, slavery, tyranny,
oppression,” and prove to the satisfaction of his
crowd, at least, a temperance manto be a worse
man than tie “autocrat ot Russia.” But we
must be allowed to take onr own course. We
see no reasonable objection to referring this ques
tion to the people in the shape in which’ we ask
that it may be done, and we fear not. to meet
our opponents before the p“ople, in the Legis
lative Hall, or before the Supreme Judicial tri
bunal of our State.
A Member of the Atlanta Convention,
P. S —As the Constitutionalist has transferred
the communication ot "E Pluribus Unum” to its
columns, it is respectfully requested to extend a
like courtesy to the loregoing.
The negro insurrection exploded at an early
hour yesterday. A misty story, engendered in
the darkness and fogginess of midnight could
not survive many hours of sunshine. A little
cool inquiry di'-posed of lithe acrurr illation of,,
horrors, which appear to have had their
the fancies <>t a hall-crazed negro. The circum
stantial plot, so ostentatiously revealed with all
the apparatus of rebellion, the organised conspi
racy and all its accessories, existed only in a
disordered brain. The personal adjuncts of de
ception. the huge knife, tire deadly revolver, and
the pockets surcharged withamunition and war
like stores, were tire parade of self-delusion or
gross imposture. We are not yet certain of the
category in which they are to he placed. The
morning’s excifement, which chilled some weak
nerves, ended in the afternoon with something
like a general laugh at, the thousand and one
awful versions which were flying about before
breakfast.
Still, we are not disposed to censure the
promptness with which precautioinfry measures
were taken by the authorities on receiving at
midnight a report of such alarming tendency.
Absurd has it has developed itself to be, there
might have been just enough foundation for it
in local discontents to make the slighting of
warning liable to grave censure—and excess of
zeal is the better extreme of error. Nor is it to
be disguised that lats and systematized attacks
upon the domestic peace of the South have giv
en a tone of irritation to Southern feelings
which is likely to he excited easily, to suspicion
of evil influences and to increased watchfulness
The wild stories of this very negro are proof,
too. that his mind has been disturbed by influ
ences that never suggest themselves spontane
ously to the slave—and gross us the imposture is
which they create, it is evidence of an unseen
agency of mischief, which should warn us to be
nypr on the guard against emissaries of the ene.
miss id Soiltliern quiet.— N. O. Picayune, llith
inst.
Neoroes Drowned.—Wp learn that’ a boat
containing live negroes was uci.iileiitally cap
sized in the river oppposite this city, yesterday
rriuining, and that three of the negroes were
drowned. We did not learn to whom the be
longed.—Soi'nynrifi Republican, 20/?r inst.
Major Diake has been appointed to run a base
jfie for the Pensacola and Apalachicola Canal.
To the People of the Sixth Congressional Dis
trict.
Occupying the position which I do, ns a can
didate for re-election Io the next Congress—ow
ing to the many misrepresentations that are
abroad among the people, as to my political
opinions and present position—it is necessary
that 1 should address you and place my views
anil position in such authentic form that there
can be no misconception with regard to either
Two years ago, the people of Georgia were di
vided into two political ortninizafions. outside of
both the great national par'res,upon thei’nmpro
rnise. and the right ol a Slate to secede from
the Union at pleasure, and without any right on
the part of the other States to call her to ac
count therefor In bo*h these nrvaniza’ions
were to be found former Whicsand former Dem
ocrats. A * two siiecs'ssivc elections the judg
ment of ’he people was expressed by a very
largo majority’in favor of acquiescence in the
compromise, and against the right of secession.
■« set. forth in the platform of the Southern
pai tv.
The judgment of the people, thus emphati
cally expressed, commanded the respect and
obedience of the Southern Rights party, and in
duced the abandonment of their organization.
During the struggle be* ween these two parties,
i* is well known that I belonged to the Consti
tutional Union party. I believed that we ought
R) arqiiipsrA in the compromise ann that the
ritfht nf a State tn spee/lp from the Union was
nnt derived frnm the Constitution, hut was revo
lutionary. and exists in that universal unaliena
ble power which every people have, to change
their government, and provide new guards for
their happiness an»l security. It is ako well
known, tha* I exerted everv power of argument
and persuasion which I possessed, to bring, oth
ers to the same opinion with myself 1 believed,
and I still be’ieve. that the organization of the
Union party was req”ired to secure the peace
an<! safety of mir country. I believed, and still
believe, that the principles of the Union pa»ty
are well founded in Constitutional law. Os
course I do not intend to enter npon a discussion
of these questions here They are passed—they
are settled—they are filed with the public ar
chives an<l constitute a part of the history of our
country. I refer to them merely as indicating
the point from whence we started—the road we
have travelled, and as inducing the enquiry;
What shall be our future course ? Without pre
suming to advise or dictate to others. T have de
termined for mvself. An<l it is due to you, and
it is due to me that I should, with mv character
istic frankness, avow that determination. I in
tend to act with the Democratic party—l will
not ioin the Southern Rights party. No such
party exists, and and if an attempt is made to
organize one. T will war against it. I will not
pin the Uninn party. We»»ch party exista. aod J
t the necessity for such an organization has. in my ,
i’idgment. passed away. Wbv re-organize the .
Umnn.n-*rH- ? WW principle is sought to he
incorporated in its creed ? Acqniesence in the ■
Compromise t That is embodied in the plat- I
I form nf the Democratic party. An economical
' disbursement of the public money : the levying
| duties on imports for the purpose of raising
I revenue only, and not tor the protection of do- |
mestic manufactures. the collection, keeping,
j and disbursement of the public money by the
! officers of the Government; a denial to Congress
I of the constitutional power tn appropriate money .
; for internal improvement within the Slate; the ;
protection of our national honor ; and the obser
vance of the plighted faith of our country, in
nnr intercourse with foreign nations, are the
cherished p.r : nciplrs of a very large majority of
the people of Georgia, and these are all embraced
I in the creed of the Democracy.
T have not heard of one single principle avow
[ed in any quarter, which is sought to be made
' the basis ofthe organization of the third party,
i which is not embraced in the platform nf the
' Dem< cratic party. Can the great and valuable
principles which are dear to all the people ol the
I State, be maintained bv a few thousand acting
as a third party in Georgia, so well as bv the
hundred thousands which make up the Demo
cratic partv 7 of the nation, and which pervade
with strength and power, every’ State in*the
Union ? Whether, is it better to organize a third
party, to carry out the same principles held by
the Democratic party, and with the avowed pur
pose of making war upon it, or to unite with it
ijnd thus swell its numbers ami multiply its
strength, and thereby secure the triumph of its
principles.
The purpose of this third party, whether it be
called Union or Rpryiblican. will be to onnose
and war upon the National Democracy. Upon
thpt party which, at Baltimore, in June last, as
sefted our rights, and pledged all the energies
of its mighty organization, to maintam them;
and gave as a guarantee ofits sincerity, a candi
date for the Presidency. whose record in Con
gress showed him to be eminently constitutional
and reliable, with regard to the great institution
of the South a purpose cannot meet mv
sanction, nor can T co-oppratp in carrying it for
ward. As a Southern man. I feel bound to give
in my adhesion to the National Democracy. I
feel bound to stand by those who stand by ns.
Gin Pierce, while a candidate for the P-rpsiden
cy, boldly avowed that his record in the Senate
embodied the settled convictions of his mind
upon the questions thprein embraced. Tn his
letter of acceptance, he stated that the settle
ment of the slavery agitation, upon the princi
phsofthe Compromise, met the sane'ion of his
judgment. Tn his Inaugural Address, he r-»iter
atsd the same sentment, and declared his determ
ination to appoint such men to office as con
curred w : th him upon the great prin
ciples which were tn govern his administration
—one of which was the settlement; ofthe slavery
agitation. I hold. then, that everv man who
takes office under Gen. Pierce, with this distinct
avowal on his part, whether Southern Rights or
Frpe-soiler, whatever may have been his ab
stract opinions on the Compromise, is bound b I
eve%y of horn*- tn a« qu>or.. ..
measures;, and carry out in good faith the princi
ples of the Democratic platform. And I will
believe, til) something occurs to convince me to
the contrary, that all who receive appointments
to office from him have done so.
The position of the Democratic party is, that
the Compromise measures are measures of peace.
—measures of settlement. A finality to the
slavery agitation.
The effect of a third party, whether intended
or not, will be to keep up agitation—to keep up
an uncompromising war upon all. whether North
or South, who at any time approved the mea
sures. Such a party can never become national.
It wdl always be sectional, and in proportion to
its strength, will endanger the harmony of the
Union. The great purpose of the Constitutional
Union party was to make the compromise a final
settlement of the slavery question ; and such is
now the object of the Democratic party Why
organize a party one year, to m ’ Compro
mise a final settlement of the slavery question
' and the next year organize a other party to keep
lup the strife on the same question. These and
| other reasons bring me to the conclusion that
j the formation of a third party is unnecessary anti
I unpatriotic. There is not a man in the District
' who will say that there is any reason why I
! should join the Whig party, even it there was a
1 Whig party in Georgia.
i The charge that I have joined the—
| tha f T have turned serwinnist!— that I have join
ed the Southern Rights party, is not true. 1 in
tend to belong to no clique, nor no wing of th •
Democratic party. These distinctions and di
visions were settled at Baltimore: and when a
matter is settled, it is wrong to keep up strife
with regard to it. T stand upon the principles
embodied in the Democratic platform, and the
President’s Inaugural Address rand I will, with
a generous confidence, co-operate with all who
occupy the sarr.e position, whatever may have
been thir former associations. All who will
co-operate in carrying forward the principles on
which our Government ought to be a*lmin.stored,
I wi'l recognize as brethren—to them I will give
the right hand of fellowship, and with them I
wi-l walk, because with them I agree.
I have ever held the Southern Rights doctrine
of to be a political error. But that is
sue is not now before the country. I* has pass
ed away—it. is dead. Let, it be buried in the
same tomb with other issues which have di
viled the people—which have had their day,and
which are now dead. Let it be buried in the
same tomb with the Mexican war, the annexa
tion of Texas, the removal of the Cherokee In
dians. the U. S Bank, Tr nip ar d the Treaty,
the last British u ar,the Alien and Sedition Laws,
and Jay’s treaty, and I doubt not, every patriot- ,
ic man in Ameica will join with us in the ardent
wish that the issue of secession may remain for
ever buried ; never again to revive or disturb the
peace and safety of that great Republic, which
I firmly believe is ordained of God, to elevate
and ledeem the human race. I hold that it
would be unjust in any Southern Rights man, to <
question me upon an issue which is not before
the country. And it would be equally unjust in
me, to question him on any such issue. L» t the
only question be. do you intend to support the
k meastres of the Democrtic party, as embodied
“ifTVsiiganic law ?
Whether former Southern Rights men and tor- i
mer Union men can cordially unite and co-oper
ate in sustaining these measures, remains to be
tried. I believe they can— I know they ought.
Let it be tried in good faith, with a patriotic in
tention on the part of every man to do right,
and if the effort fails, the fault will not be with
those who have honestly and with a sincere pur
pose made the attemot. It shall not be with
me So far as concerns the Democratic party,
there will be no failure. The Democrats are
already in line, in taking measures to secure ■
success. , ~ . ,
I understand from my respected opponent,that
he occupies the same positions with myself, as
above expressed If ' have niisundeistood him,
he will see this communication, and w-ll have
time long before the election, to correct the
prr i’have above stated my positions, and given '
some of the reasons, very buetly which have
induced tny present convictions. Between now
and the election, I will visit ever/ county in the
District, and mingle much with tire people, so
that, eveiy man will have an opportunity of bear
ing from me lurlher, either ill pub IC speeches or
private conversation, for 1 am determined to
place it in the power of evey man in the Dis
trict, so far as it concerns my election, to vote
understandingly. .
Junius Hii.i.vkii.
The New York Canal Enlargement. Ihe
following are the points upon w'hich the con
ferees of the two Houses of the N Y. Legisla
ture have finally agreed, as amendments to be
proposed to article 3, of section 7, ol the consti
,U,|'',l'l’he canals shall be finished by borrowing
«0 000 000, without tax, on the strength ol the
revenue. 2 To borrow «1 500.000 to payJhe
revenue certificates, making in all S 0.-
500,000. 3. ’iu ppmplete the e.mals in four
veais 4. To make it imperative that the Le
gislature shall provide the means. 5. The con
tracts are repudiated. 6. 'I he work is to be let
out to the lowest bidder.
[From the N. O. Picayune, \2th in ft.]
Later from Mexico—Arrival of the Steamship
Texas.
By th“ arrival of the U. S. Mail steamship
I pxh.s, Capt. Place, we have dates from the city
ot Mexico to the 4th inst. and from Vera Cruz
the Sth inst.
Senor A laman, .Santa Anna’s Mexican Minis
ter of Foreign Relations, died suddenly in the
<;ity of Mexico early on the morning of the 2d
lust. I'he announcement caused a wide-spread
sensation. 'The funeral ceremonies took place
on the following Friday. His death wus caused
by a pleurisy, brought on by excess of labor in
th** discharge of his official duties.
It was not yet known who would be the d•-
ceased Minister’s successor.
1 he Siglo denies the authenticity of the letter
published hy the Havana Diario de la Marina,
as addressed to the Mexican Minister, by Gen.
Arista on his departure Irom Mexico.
r* 1 W() P’ ,,SO,IS ' named Aparicio Gonzalez and
Carlos ( enteno, were shot at Vera Cruz on the
28‘hut., lor having been found during the re
volt then- opposing the regular troops, arms iu
hand Gonzalez was one of the leaders of the
revolt. Ihe other. Victoria Valle, was spared
because he surrendered himself under the condi
tions ol a momentary armistice.
/he Government was much occupied with
the tariff question. Their determination on the
subject was to have been promulgated on the 4th
inst.., but nothing was known of the result of
their deliberatin' s.
The Ministers were all diligently engaged
on plans of reform, and for a better administra
tion ot their departments throughout the coun
try.
Senor Cevallo’s decree lowering the tax on
the exportation of silver to four per cent., has
been repealed, and the tax is now as of yore, six
per cent.
1 he Mexican foreign legations have been fi
nally officially announced as follows: London,
Minister, Senor Lanzas ; Paris, Minister, Senor
Pacheco; .Madrid Minister, Senor Vivo; Berlin,
Minister, Gen. Uraga; Rome Minister, Senor
Larrainzar; Washington City, Minister, Gen.
i Almonte; Secretary, Senor Gonzales de la Vega;
] Attache. Senor Gregorio Barandiaran.
j The establishment of a Minister atGuatema
] la is spoken of. Th. salary ofthe Minister to
] London has been raised to $15,000 per annum.
The President Santa Anna has recognized
Mr. Alexander Pleasants as U. S. Consul at
Minatitan ; M. Jos. Bernard, French Vice Con
sul at Puebla; and M German Iloppenstedt,
Hanoverian Consul at Vera Cruz.
Private letters state the number of persons
killed in the late revolt at Vera Cruz to have
been 70, and 130 wounded, ivtsny prisoners
were made by the troops. The city is now
The Trait d’Union says that the sum of $20,-
] 000 has been raised hy private subscription in
] Chihuahua, to aid Gov. Trias in prenaring for
the defence of the Valley of Mecilla against
American invasion. We previously announced
] this as a forced loan, on the authority of the
Mexican papers.
] The Mexicans appear to be under the impres
sion, in the city of Mexico, that the dispute
. about this territory has been settled. The re
poit that President Pierce had officially disap
-1 proved of Gov. Lane’s proceedings and had re
; called him, to be replaced by Mr. Merriwether,
j had caused this belief.
The tobacco monopoly is to be taken out
j of private hands and administered by Govern
ment.
The Indians have made many incursions re
cently into the Stat sos Sonora and Coahuila,
going down as far as the State of San Luis.
The Siglo says that the attempted revolution
in Chiapas has terminated in the complete de
feat of the rebels, and the death of their chief,
Zenadua, who fell in battle. Nevertheless, it
states that the State is in a lamentable condi
tion, and invites the speedy attention of Gov
ernment to the evils which afflict it.
The papers announce that a rich vein of opal
has been discovered in Real Del Monte, and
that some of the stones have been sent to Paris
to be cut.
The Siglo has been fined for some supposed
infraction ot the law regulating the press.
The officers who signed the card published in
the Siglo, contradicting the official account of
jhe battle of Churubusco, have been sent to' Pe
rote Castle as prisoners.
Rebolledo, who commanded the pronunciados
a ainst Arista’s Government in the State ot
ra Cruz, has been named political chief and
nirnandant of the State of Lower California.
\Correspondenre of the Charleston Courier.]
Washington. June 4.
The Managers ofthe New York Crystal Pal
ace are here on business with the Government
in relation to the officers of that Institution.
Mr Sedg a wick. the President of the Company,
is here I learn from these gentlemen that the
Exhibition will certainly be opened on the I.sth
of July, The delay that has occurred in tfo
arrangpments has been advantageous to the'ob
jects of the Exhibition, and has afforded time
for foreign Governments, that move slowly, tn
act in the matter. Nearly all the European
Governments have appointed Commissioners to
attend the Exhibition—men of eminent rank
and science. The chief ofthe French Commis
sioners isone who declined a place in Louis
Napoleon’s Cabinet—a man of wealth, energy
and thoroughly versed in the useful arts. The
six Commissioners from England are all men o'
rank and character. Sir Charles Lyell, the Geo
logist, is one of them, and he has before visited
this country, and published a geological survey
of it. We have more to show him now of th' ■
geology and mineralogy of this country than
when he was here before. The Earl of Elles
mere and his associates are far from being cha
grined at having arrived in New York a mont!
:..-iore top opening or the eshltulfore for. the- J
wish *oemploy the internal, before the weather •
becomes too hot. in travelling through sotni *
parts of the country.
I learn from one of the Committee, that Lord
Ellesmere has brought with him. for exhibition
in the Palace, the celebrated Chandos Portrai*
of Shakspeare. This is, of course, by favor o'
the Marquis of Chandos,-the owner of the pre
cious relic.
Tire series nf ancient armor from the Towci
of London, that the Queen has suffered to bf
brought over for the exhibition will be of grea'
interest to those who have not visited the
Tower.
The New-York Palace will be a beautiful
structure It has been objected to. that it is too
small. Bn* it covers an area of five acres, which
the Committee sav is quite as much as is neces
sary for the objects of the exhibition —and par
ticularly when it is considered that it is not in
tended to admit any thing into the exhibition
wb'ch isnot novel or interesting. No space is
to be wasted.
Much has been said in certain newspapers
about the number of shops in the vicinity ol
the Palace, where ardent spirits are sold, as if i*
was a matter that the managers could control,
any more than they could the groceries in the
city. But they will undertake to ensure the
safe and unmolested ingress and egress of visi
tors to the Palace. They cannot prevent per
sons from going to groceries in New-York, or
in ar.y other city. But this nuisance so much
dwelt upon in the temperance papers, is very
much exaggerated. Again, much ridicule has
been cast upon the Campanella tower, that
some speculator has erected in the vicinity ofthe
Palace. The managers have nothing to do with
that. They could not prevent it if they would
They do not own the whole island. But this
tower, three hundred and fifty feet high, is built
of the best materials, and in the best manner,
and is as safe in every part as the ground floor
of any nrivate house.
Its object is to afford to those adventurous
visitors who mav desire it, a fine view ofthe
Island of Manhattan and the country around, and
the ocean beyond. The proprietor may find it
a poor specu a*ion, but it is no concern of the
Managers nf the Crystal Palace.
Again, as far as the Exhibition isa matter of
speculation, the managers have nothing to do
withit. Those of them who may have taken
some stock have divested themselves of it, and
none of them are at all concerned, as commis
sion brokers or othewise. in the sale of any com
modifies brought to the Exhibition. The stock
may be profitable to its holders, but the mana
gers are laboring ter the credit of the city and of
the country, The Exhibition is, in fine, likely
to prove very sa'isfactory to the public.
South Carolina in Parliament.
In the House ot Commons, on the 20th ult.
Mr. Kinnard inquired what was the condition
of the negotiations with the government of
South Carolina respecting British subjects taken
out of British ships at Charleston, lodged in ja 1,
and charged a considerable sum for their main
tenance 1 here ?
Lord Palmerston replied that he was not able
to state the precise condition ofthe negotiation,
but the question was one ol great interest and
considerable difficulty. The slave states in the
south of the American Union had passed laws
which he should forbear from characterising but
the result of which was, that any man of color
belonging to the crew of any ship which arrived
at a port in a slave state was immediately ar
rested, and kept in jail so long as the vessel re
mained in port.
The British government for a long course of
time had represented to the government of the
United State that such a proceeding was in vio
lation of treaties with the Union at large. The
assertion hail not, he believed, been denied by
the lederal government, but the constitution of
the United States was such that the action of
the Federal government on the separate states
was next to nothing ; and it had been fairly
represented to the British Government by the
federal government that, to insist on the repeal
of those laws under which the proceedings in
question took place, and which, whatever they
in England might think of them, arose out of
the feelings ofthe local states, would raise ques
tions between those statesand the federal gov
ernment which would be exceedingly inconve
nient, if not destructive to the Union. [Hear,
hear ]
The British Consul at Charleston, by instruc
t ions from his government, had entered into com
munication with the local government, for the
purpose of obtaining certain modifications ot the
obnoxious laws, but up to the time when he
(Lord Prlmerston) left the Foreign Office lie
knew that the negotiations had not led to any
satisfactory result: and he much feared, though
lie was not precisely informed on the subject,
that they had not ended in aiv desirable ar
rangement. Nevertheless, the attention of the
government, he was confident, was still directed
to the subject, and no efforts wou'd be omitted
calculated to establish a more satisfactory state
of things. [Hear, hear]
Hain. We were favored with a smart thun-
der shower last evening, interspersed with an
unusual quantity of lightning, wind and sharp
reports. I'he rain was quite abundant and re
freshing.—Chattanooga .Advertiser, IM inst.
WEDNESDAY MORNING, JUNE 22.
Terms of Subscription.
Daily Paper, per annum, in advance. .. .$8 00
Tri-Weekly 5 00
Weekly, per annum in advance 2 00
If paid within the year 2 50
At the end of the year 3 00
(XT*The above terms will be rigidly enforced.
FOR GOVERNOR,
HON. HERSCHEL V. JOHNSON,
OF BALDWIN COUNTY.
To Delinquent Subscribers.
Our subscribers will bear in mind, that some
time ago we gave notice that we should strike
all from our list who were over one year in ar
rears. Such of them, therefore, as do not re
ceive a paper of this date from our office, may
presume that their names are no longer on our
list. The work of revising the subscription
books and making out new ones, is a trouble
some one, and is not yet completed. We are
proceeding with it as fast as practicable.
Those who value our paper sufficiently to de
sire to continue subscribers will, we hope, make
the necessary remittance We dislike to part
with subscribers able and willing to pay for our
paper, but it is important that we should approx
imate our business to the cash system.
Bank of St. Mary’s.
The bills ofthe Bank of St. Mary’s under five
dollars, and the change bills of J. G. Winter, ar*
still taken at par at this office.
(j’p—W. If. McDonald, 102 Nassau stre.t,
New York, is our authorised agent for that city,
and any advertisement sent through his agency
will meet with prompt attention.
WEEKLY
Constitutionalist and Republic,
FOR THE CAMPAIGN.
With a view to place our paper at a price
which will enable its friends to circulate it
through every portion of the State during the
present canvass we offer the Weekly Consti
tutionalist and Republic as follows, for cash
in advance :
One copy (till second week in October) cts 50
Five copies “ “ . “ “ $2 OO
Ten copies “ ** ** *" 4 00
Twenty copies " ■' " “i 00
Fifty copies “ “ “ 15 00
One Hundred copies “ “ 25 00
The approaching election will be warmly con
tested, and will involve many interesting ques
tions to be discussed in the public press. The pro
gress of the canvass will be marked by stirring
incidents, and information from all parts of the
State will be eagerly sought and desired by
all who feel an interest in its political destinies.
Besides the election for Governor, will bethose
for members of the Legislature, members of
Congress, and Judges of the the Superior Courts
—all ot which will provoke animated contests,
ind involve results, to which no intelligent
citizen can be indifferent.
It will be the aim and effort of the proprietor
ofthe Constitutionalist'and Republic to give the
fullest,earliest,and most reliable information at all
times and from all points of the State during the
canvass. He will advocate the election ofthe
Democratic Candidates in a spirit of candor,
while it shall be done with the zeal and ear
nestness growing out'of a thorough conviction
'hat the success of the Democratic Party, and a
•ord ial support ofthe Administration of Presi
lent Pierce, will promote the true interests of
the State and the country.
To our Stopped Subscribers.
Pursuant to a notice given some time since of
iur intention to strike from our list all who were
n arrears for more than 12 months subscription,
ve have completed that task, and n< w give the
result. We have stricken from our subscription
ist 889 names, many of them among the most
worthy and intelligent citizens of the country,
; irid not a few ol them men of ample fortunes
\ T o doubt some—perhaps a considerable number,
ire poor, and irresponsible, and some, while ful
y a<4e, are not honest enough to be willing to,
t iay their debts if they can conveniehtly avoid*
it. We hope and trust there are but few of this
after class. For the others, few are so very
Kjor that they cannot with a little effort pay
heir small dues to us. Most of the delinquents
have only been careless in the matter, and have
irocrastinated payments while fully intending
o settle all arrears.
Relying upon their doing so, we would re
mind them that all remittances by mail arc at our
risk. We should be pleased to reinstate them
ipoir our subscription list whenever it is agree
ible to them. We are daily in receipt of remit
tances from stopped subscribers, requesting our
>aper continued to them, and hope soon to have
much the larger portion of the 889, again on our
list
YVe shall steadily pursue our purpose ot ap
nroximating our business to the cash system.
The Democratic Convention and its Nominee.
We cordially' congratulate the Democracy of
Georgia upon the bright auspices under which
heir Convention of last Wednesday met, and
the cheering prospects of a triumphant issue of
he approaching campaign. .
The Convention was the largest ever assem
bled in the State of Georgia. It was not less
distinguished for intelligence than for its num
bers. In zeal and harmony, it
quailed the famous Whig Harrison Convention
if 1810, while numerically it surpassed it. Ma
y of the brightest minds in the democratic
■anks were there. Some were there of the .
flower and the chivalry of the old Whig party,
as it existed in its palmy days, when it followed
she proud banner of the gallant Harry of the
West, and bravely fought for principles and pol
icy, now abandoned, obsolete, or condemned by
'he people. This was one of the most pleasing
'features ofthis Convention and was duly appre
ciated. Such an infusion of gallant spirits and
intellectual vigor derived from the very h es *
material ofour former opponents, inspired a glow
of enthusiasm for a cause, the justice of which is
so handsomely recognized, and which so large a
majority of the American people have vindicated
at the ballot box. The Union Democracy and
the Southern Rights Democracy were there also,
counselling together for the advancement ol
principles common to both ; and all stood togeth
er like a band of brothers upon the platform of
the national Democracy as declared at Baltimore,
and pledged to each other to maintain and to
perpetuate it as the settled creed.
Few who witnessed that potent gathering of
the representatives of "the unterrified,” and
scanned its material, noted the determination ol
o'irpose nn<l the harmonious blending together
of wishes, could resist the conviction that the
Democracy of Georgia are stronger as a party
now than they were ever before. This, at least,
is our conviction, and we confidently appeal to ,
the vote of next October for its confirmation.—
Let the Whigs bring out their strongest man. ,
Let them sound their loudest bugles to the ral- ,
ly and gather their clans from mountain to sea- |
board ! The Democrats are in the field, ready
for the fight, and feel that the fiercer the conflict, <
the more certain their victory. i
There was the unprecedentedly large number i
of 79 counties represented in the Convention. <
The number of Delegates present was 207 ,
Under the rules of representation and of voting
adopted, the whole number of votes the delegates I
were entitled to cast was 308. The ballottings «
show that Judge Johnson was the favorite ol t
the Convention from the firs*, and the steadily (
continuing improvement on his first vote demon
strated a solid and reliable strength. When the |
result of the sth ballot was ascertained loud f
plaudits rang through the Representative Hall ,
and the proposition to declare the nomination ,
unanimous was received with marked cord- t
iality and enthusiasm. From that inament we
have not doubted that the nomination is equiva- -.
lent to an election. *
The friends of the other distinguished gentle- <
men whose claims to the nomination were pre
sented to the Convention acted most handsome
ly. Their cheerful acquiescence in the will ol ,
the'majority, and their warm pledges to support I
the nominee with nil their energies were in the >
spirit of true democrats.
It is in this spirit the Campaign opens, and
by it the triumph of the Democracy will be
rendered sure. ■
r-aa -re---. nw
We regret that our space does not permit us
• tomention particularly the sensible and appro
priate address of Mr. Burney. He made a most
excellent presiding officer. The speeihes too,
of Messrs. Cowart, McMillan, Hillyer Brown,
Crook, Tucker, Ramsay, and Flournoy, are
worthy of more than a passing notice. They
were listened to with pleasure and had a good
effect. These concluded the incidents of the
convention, after which it adjourned in the
finest spirits and with high hopes.
Iruispendent Candidate tn the Fourth District.
If the delegates to the Congressional Conven
tion recently assembled at Newnan, needed any
confirmation of the correctness of their judgment
in not giving the nomination to the Hon.
Charles Murphy, it is afforded by his conduct
since. Whatever be his personal griefs, he acts
not in the unselfish spirit ol a true Democrat—he
acts notin the spirit which would characterize
the conduct of any man who holds the interests
of party paramount to the gratification of any
one man’s individual ambition or revenge, in the
effort he now makes to bring confusion and de
feat upon the ranks of the democracy of his
District. If a wrong had been done him, he
should patiently have bided his time, relying con
fidently as a good Democrat should, in the justice
of the Party, to vindicate the right and atone sos
the wrong. A party worth belonging to. ir
worthy that confidence from its members. He
who cannot accord this to the Democratic Party
has but little attachment to it, and clings to it
more from sinister motives than a sincere de
sire to promote its great interests, and give to
the country the benefits ofits policy.
The course of Mr. Murphy is obnoxious to
the criticism, that the indulgence of his chagrin
is sweeter to him than would be the welfare
of the Democratic Party, and he selfirhly essays
to indulge the one at the expense of the other.
On the wisdom of this course,looking to his future
political interests, provided he intends remain
ing a member of the Democratic Party, we will
not now comment. The future will make its
own commentary.
But it is due to the party, that Col. Murphy
should not allowed to make a false issue w
fore the public. The fact is, that Col Mukphyi
is not popular with that portion of the Demo
cratic Party, of which he would claim to be
the especial favorite. This nomination waa
unacceptable to the Union Democrats. He
could not get their support: hence his defeat.
He cannot charge the Southern Rights Demo
crats with a proscriptive spirit towards him-
Some of his warmest supporters in the Con
vention were Southern Rights Democrats, while
the Union Democrats prefered another, as the
following facts related by the Atlnata Intelligen
cer, show veiy plainly :
The Charge or Proscription.—The defeat
of Col. Murphy in the nominating Convention
of this Congressional District, seems to be re
garded as a perfect god-send by the numerous
enemies of the Democratic party, and they busy
themselves with ringing the various changes
upon the charges of proscription, intrigue and
fraud, with a degree of feeling that indicates a
most astonishing interest, on their part, in demo
cratic arrangements. In fact. Whigs, or as they
now baptize themselves, conservatives, would
seem to be the party particularly aggrieved in
this matter, as they are Inu lest in thoip com
plaints of proscription. Thoy are decidedly op
posed to the nomination of Col. Dent, and hav
ing no definite set of principles of their own, it
is expected they will still pursue their character
istic system of political tactics, and continue in
the endeavor to advance their own cause by
creating dissensions in the democratic rahks.
Whether Whigs will succeed by any such arti
fice in decoying anv considerable number of
Democrats out of the democratic party into their
nondescript establishment, is, to say the least,
exceedingly doubtful.
The charge of proscription and fraud so zeal
ously encouraged in this decoy game, will be
fdbnd hardly available, upon a closer examina
tion.
It is charged that onr late Representative was
proscribed in the Con vention. on account ot hig
Union principles But tMs charge has an ex
ceeding weak foundation to rest uuon. For it is
a fact, which we have upon the authority of del
egates who went into the Convention fbe
avowed friends of Col. Murphy and w ho labored
throughout to secure his nomination, that more
than three fourths of the Union Demociats iu
the Convention voted against him to the last.
The entire delegation from this county, who
stood by C*l. Murphy even to the last ballot,
unite in denouncing this charge of proscription
and fraud as entirely unfounded, and Mr. Dia
mond. a warm personal friend of Col. Muiphy,
a Uir'on Democrat and a delegate in convention,
declared, in his speech at the ratification meet
ing. in this city, on Saturday night, that his
friend, Col. Murphy-, owed bis d-feat in the
nominating convention, not to Southern Rights
fueling, but to the op|>osition of Union Demo
crats. The Union Democrats in the convention
went almost in a bodv for L J. Glenn, at fiist,
and when their candidate was dropped, did not
> come into the support of Col. Murphy. We
know it was the sincere desire of the Southern
Rights wins of the party, in thia county, as well
I ||y in Cobb, that our former Representative
nflfSnld be selected by the convention lor re
election, and the Southern Rights Delegates
who stood by him to the last, felt that it would
be little less than a personal indignity to Col.
Murphy, to select anv Union Democrat over
him. when, if a Union Democrat was to be se
lected, his claims entitled him, over all others,
to the nomination. But when it was evident,
after ballotting for him a whole dav that by no
possibility could he be nominated, they gave
their support to Col. Dent, who finally received
the nomination, by acclamation, unanimously,
and who. we feel confident, will be supported
by the whole strength of the Democratic party
of the Fourth Congressional District.
The Atlanta’Temperance Movement.
We publish the article signed " Ji Member of
the Atlanta Convention,'’because it is evidently
written by a very intelligent man. and lycause
the author of E Pluribus Unum is probably not
his inferior in intellect, and holds in our opinion
the correct legal position, and will, we doubt
not, reply successfully to the article.
A contest between two such writers on this
interesting point is worth publishing and worth
reading, and therefore we give place to th*ir
essays. We do not publish, as requested by
“ A Member of the Atlantic Convention,” out of
courtesy to him, for we owe him none. If he
desired to establish a claim on onr courtesy, he
would first have had the courtesy to have made
himself known to us. There is no obligation of
courtesy to publish any and every article that
may be written by persons wholly unknown to
ns, and published in other papers, assailing the
•positions of an article appearing originally in
our paper, or copied from another.
While on this subject we will state, that our
usual practice is not to take notice of communi
cations assailing us, or our positions, and seeking
a controversy at our bands. We prefer to know
with whom we are contending, and thus be on
terms of equality with our assailant. In all such
cases, therefore, we consider that rourtesy would
dictate that the anonymous writer should fur
ni-h his name to the editor whom be invites,
through another paper, to a discussion. These
latter remarks have ho present application to
“ A Member of the Atlanta Convention ; ” but we
insert them because suggested by the occasion,
and the hint may be useful hereafter to others.
Stage Line between Madison and Eatonton
We passed over this line on our recent visit to
Milledgeville and on our return home. We found
it a very convenient and desirable route, the
staging being less than by the Waynesboro and
Central Railroad route, and the division of time
both in going and coming far preferable. We
'eft Augusta at a } to <5. p. m., on Monday and
reached Madison by 11J that night, in time for
1 good night’s sleep, which we enjoyed in a well
furnished and comfortable room at Campbell's
Hotel. After an early breakfast, we started at
ibout. 6. a. m.. in a good four horse Stage for Ea
tonton, 21 miles, which w<* reached before 12
lined at Underwooo’s Hotel, where we had an
excellent dinner, started at 2, p. m. for Milledge
ville, 22 miles by Railroad, and reached there a
little after 3, p. tn.
On our return we left Milledgeville in the
cars on Thursday at lOJ, a. m , reached Eaton
ton before 12—dined—left at about 11, p. tn.
reached Madison a half hour before sunset, took
supper, and at about 9 left in the cars fo r
Augusta—arrived here about 34, a. m., Friday.
We recommend this route to travellers passing
between this city and Milledgeville, and to per
sons along the line of the Georgia Railroad be
tween Atlanta and Augusta, and those north
of the road.
We refer to the advertisemeat of J. A. Clark
Proprietor of the line, ar.d also of the Ho
tel at Social Circle. The latter was well kept
while in the hands of H. H. Clapp, and we pre
sume it has not been allowed to deteriorate in
the hands of the present enterprising owner.
We regret (says the ChariestorFCourier ofthe
20th inst.,) to announce the death, on Saturday
evening at half-past ten o’clock, at the residence
of his son-in-law, C. M. Arnold, E«q., Haarlem
V. Y., of Dr. John W. Schmidt, the oldest, we
•relieve, with one exception, practising Physi
cian in this city, he having commenced his pro
fession in Charleston in the year 1805. He filled
at different times various offices of honor and
trust, both in the municipal affairs of the city and
he Legislature. He was a man of unbounded
•harity, and in his death the poor ofour city
have sustained a severe lost,