Newspaper Page Text
Judge Johnson’s Prospects.
The Macon Citizen, the central organ of the
: (friends of Gen. Scott in the last Presidential
• election, and one of the most thorough going
Union papers in the State, expresses, in the fol
lowing aiticle, strong belief in the success of
. Judge Johnson. We believe his report of the
present aspect of the field of battle, contained
In the following article, a very just or.e :
The Canvass. —Tojudge from the position
• which prominent politicians of the State are now
taking in the canvass, we are inclined to think
that the chances are altogether in favor of the
-'‘Coon-killer.''’ The inlluence of Cobb, Wof
ford, Hillver. and other Union Democrats, of the
Sxth District, will doubtless be sufficient to
bring the Union Democracy of that section into
the “re-organized” line. So too, in the Fifth
District, Lumpkin and Chastain and others will
bringdown the Cherokee boys almost cn masse
for Johnson, while McDonald and Warner and
Glenn—no matter how they stand in the Con
gressional election of the Fourth District, be
tween Dent and Murphy—will be sure to’ give
their support to Johnson for Governor. In the
Third District, there is, and will continue to be,
much lukewarmness and indifference among the
Conservatives, especially among the ra;i/fc”and
nle of the Scott Whigs. The leaders of the lat
ter, looking for promotion hereafter, will pro
bably hurra for Jenkins and Trippe, publicly,
while they privately “ nurse their wrath to keep
:t warm,” at the indignity of neglect which has
oeen put upon them ! In the Seventh District
much the same state of things exists. A clever
but unknown gentleman has been nominated foi
Congress, (over a faithful Scott Whig) who can
not rally the strength of the party, but who will
oe elected without opposition—thus lessening
tne vote of the district tor Jenkins, from the ab
sence ot local interest in the election of Con
gressman. In the-Second District the contest
will be a close one between James Johnson and
Mr. Colquitt, from the fact that the Union Dem
* ocrats, generally, will go for the latter, except
perhaps in Sumter, and as a matter of course for
H. V. Johnoon for Governor. In the Eighth
District Jenkins will sweep all befoie him, as
tnat is his stronghold. In the First District,
Johnson will beat him one or two hundred votes,
as Chatham county is the peculiar seat of the
’’ re-organized” Democracy.
On the whole, our conclusion is that H. V.
Johnson will be the next Governor of Georgia.
The game is in his hands if he will play it out.
The “ Algerine” law will do Mr. Jenkins no
good, nor will his taunts about “Scott Tactics,” |
last year, help to swell the nurnbei of his votes. |
if beaten, his fate will only be another instance
of the poor-dog Tray s disaster. He was found j
in dreadful bad company!
Declined.
Francis Bartow, Esq., who was recently no
minated by the Conservative—Whig—Union ;
—Republican Citizens—Convention, held at |
Holmesville, has declined the honor of being
considered the candidate of the above party in
.’the First District lor Congress.
In the Fourth District, the Hon. Charles
Murphy, declines the nomination of the same
party, on account of ill-health.
Railroad House—Stone Mountain.
It will he seen by the Card of Messrs. Clark
Hitchcock, that the above house, which has
undergone a thorough repair, is now open for
the reception of company.
We are personally acquainted with Messrs. C.
3c H., who are well acquainted with the busi
ness they have undertaken, and if they cannot
give satisfaction to their customers, they must
oe hard to please. They both have the reputa
tion of being good caterers, and are of obliging
disposition. In Mrs. Clark, the ladies will find
one of their sex with whom they can he soci- j
able, and who will pay every attention to their i
wants and comfort.
This House now contains about fifty sleeping j
rooms, all newly plastered and painted, and fur- j
nished with neat and substantial new Furni
ture, Bedding, &c , which is, of itself, a luxury
not frequently met with in interior hotels.
In front of the Hotel is a double Piazza, ten j
feet wide, which affords not only a beautiful >
promanado but a fine view of the mountain and !
surrounding scenery.
To our citizens engaged in business, this house,
•under its present management, offers great in
ducements to visit it. In a few hours pleasant
ride in the cars, they will find themselves in a
iiigh, healthy and salubrious climate, with wa
ter unsurpassed in the State, and should their
business require their attention, in a short time
and but little inconvenience, they can reach !
their homes.
Rev. Du. Ives.—The statement that the Rev.
Dr. Ives, late Bishop of the Diocese ot North
Carolina, was about to he ordained a priest in
the Catholic church, and that the Pope had in
• formed him that he must separate from his wife (
is positively contradicted by the Freeman’s
Journal. As regards the separation, the Journ
nal says, such a thing is not likely to find favor
any where in the Catholic church. The Journal
also publishes an extract of a letter from Dr. j
Ives to the Rev. Dr. Forbes, of New York, in -
which he alleges that an account had been made
up against him in North Carolina, and a process
served upon his library and Mrs. Ives’ personal
articles left behind in that State. He further
says : “ All I ask in this life is to have my dear
wife side by side with me at the altar , and some sit
uation, however low, however obscure, where I
can keep her above positive want.”
An Emeut at the Crystal Palace Ban
quet. —There was somewhat of an emeut at the
New York Crystal Palace banquet on Friday
night. It appears the managers provided empty
tables for the reporters of the press, far away
from the edibles, at which they rebelled and un
til one of the piess interposed, there was no
prospect of a single report’s remaining to im
mortalize the speakers on the occasion. At last,
however, twenty-five seats were reserved in an
honorable part of the hall, where the eating and
drinking was most free: and then the reportorial
pen moved briskly enough.
Mr. Sedgwick made the thing public by
apologising in his speech prefatory to his toast
to the press. And, by the way, it is said it was
exceeding hard work to choke down the indig
nation that rose spontaneously, when the Presi
dent of the World’s Fair Association patted the
New York press on the head, and commended it
for not levying a dollar of black mail on his es
tablishment—the most inevitable advertisement
ot his opinion that black mailing was one of the
common institutions of the press. Mr. Ray
mond, of the Times, w ho replied, thrust a small
sharp stick into the President’s (Sedgwick)
sjde therefor, which seemed to delight the entire
audience.
Shit N. B. Palmer.— A letter from Rev. M.
C. White, of the China Methodist Mission, dated
“ Bartavia Roads, April 21,” .-.ivs: “ Every sail
or on board this ship has been sick with the
Java fever; some have had two or three relap
ses. Two of the ma.es have been severely ill.
It’s now expected that we shall be enabled to
ai .i! sh • 2:jrh inst.”
[From the Southern Standard\
The Destiny of the Slave States.
We are at a critical juncture in public affairs.
The world is moving forward with enterprise and
progress such as has never been before conceived
; of. Near 5200,000,000 are being added annually
. to the gold currency of the world. The whole
resources of Australia, California, and China, are
just about to be thrown open. In China, 300,-
000,000 people, with more accumu'ated capital
and wealth than any one people have ever pos
sessed. have been heretofore locked up from the
rest of mankind. The treaties made with Eng
land. France, and the United States, a few years
ago, have broken the chain with which they
have surrounded themselves. This, together with
the rebellion now in progress, will unfold the re
sources of that mighty empire, and produce a
change in the distribution of wealth, equal to
that produced by the discovery of America upon
Spain and Europe. Where is all this vast trade
and accumulation in gold to pass through the
:hannels of commerce into the exchanges of the
world 1 It must concentrate upon tne Pacific
coast, and force its way across the Isthmus of
Panama into the Gulf of Mexico, and thence
into the Atlantic.that great reservoir basin for the
civilized nations of the earth. The Atlantic
will be to the world what the Mediterranean
was to the then known world, under the reign
of the Antonies in Rome. Again, the Gull of
Mexico lies between the great region drained by
the Amazon on one side, and the Mississippi on
the other. These are the two greatest vallies
upon the face of the earth, and capable of the
greatest productions. It is not saying too much,
to say, that if properly developed, they are capa
ble of producing what is produced, at present, by
the whole civilized world. The former is almost
in a state of nature, and the latter is not yet half
developed. The whole country between these
two might rivers presents the most wonderful
region now to be settled up by the genius and
enterprise of man. In the progress of the nevt
fifty years, the commerce and trade that must
concentrate upon the Gulf of Mexico will far
•xceed anything that man has heretofore ever
dreamed of in his wildest imagination. Ihe
Island of Cuba, from its central postion, and its
great port of Havana, is the key to all this. The
nation that holds Cuba will hold control over
the commerce and wealth of this new world.
It is not saying too much to say that if we hold
Cuba, in the next fifty’years, we will hold the
destiny of the richest and most increasing com
merce that has ever dazzled the cupidity of man.
And with that commerce we can control the
I power of the world Give us this, and we can
I make the public opinion of the world. T”ese
; two great vallies of the Amazon and the Missis
i sippi are now possessed by the two governments
of the earth most deeply interested in Atrican
slavery—Brazil and the United States. Cast
your eye over the map, and see their vast capa-
I city for production, while the Mississippi, with
[ its tributaries, can carry to market more of the
j pecessaries and breadstuffs of lite than any por
. tion of the habitable globe. The Amazon can
float the wealth of nations upon its surface—in
the production of tropics. The whole interme
diate countries between these two great vallies.
including the West India Islands, is a region
under the plastic hand ofa beneficent Providence,
teeming with the fatness of nature's richest and
most luxurious productions. It is at present but
in its infancy, and as to capacity to produce, is,
as it were, unknown to the world. Most ot it
has slumbered for ages in solitary grandeur.—
How is it to be developed ? Think you that
the Caucasian race can stand to toil and labor
under the burning rays of its troppical sun, and
sleep in vigor and prosperity under miasma of
its exuberant and mighty plains and swamps ?
No ! its resources are to be finally and fully de
veloped by that race which God, in his mercy,
formed and created for just such regions. Pro
vidence lots off the earth to its appropriate races.
The camel loves the arid air of Arabia, and the
reindeer loves the frozen hills of Lapland. So,
in like manner, the black man loves to breathe
the humid air of his native swamps, while the
j white man exults and bounds in the elastic air
jof his native hills. Where you can combine
| the administrative governing qualities of the
i one race, together with the patient endurance
j and physical capacity for low latitudes of the
| other, you have that perfect system by which
the vast tropical regions of the earth may be
developed, whilst the laboring strata of society
is occupied by one race suited to its exposures.
I sjive the other race such a position as will enable
' them to pieserve themselves from those daily 1 •
i and exhausting exposures under which the
! white race will sink in the tropics. Puling and
sickly philanthropy may preach a different doc
trine, but if practised, it will forever consign to
a barbarian wilderness some of the fairest por
tions of the worlds
Witness the miserable experiments made by
the English and the French in the We t Indies.
Twenty-five years ago, where we saw cultiva
tion. bringing forth wealth and refinement, with
all the elegance of polished life, we see vagrant
labor stalking through a desolate land, with
i hungry and brutal ferocity. This experiment ol
I West India emancipation is worth a thousand
theories, and is fast enlightening the reflecting
part of mankind. England feels, in its conse
quences, her folly. Everything has taken place
exactly as the Duke of Wellington predicted it
would, in his clear and manly speech against
the Act of Emancipation at the time.
The African race, under a system of domestic
servitude, tempered by’ the principles of Chris
tianity, are themselves raised and benefited in
the scale of civilization. The great mass of the
poor and needy, in all portions of the colder and
iess prolific latitudes, require for their comfort,
j sugar, coffee, rice, and cotton, and the luxurious
j productions of tropical regions. When they
i can exchange their labor for these products at
cheap prices, it tends to raise them, too, in the
scale of civilization, by administering to their
wants and comforts, and thus tempting them to
industry and enterprise, in order that they may
he able to enjoy the advantages of various cli
mates. This system acts and reacts upon the
different branches of the human family, so as
mutually to benefit and bless all, by diffusing
more equally the comforts of life. Hence it is,
that the productions of slave labor, in the shape
of cotton, by which an abundant and cheap ar
ticle, for clothing the poor and the needy, has
done more to elevate the great masses, and
spread civilization to the lower ranks of society,
than all the other causes put together in modern
times. So now, if the noble regions, to which I
have alluded above, were reduced to systematic
culture by African labor, governed by the ener
gy and intelligence of the white man, they
would more than quadruple the present produe
| tions of the comforts and luxuries of fife, to dif
j fuse them amongst the poor and needy of the
j higher latitudes of the earth, and thus mutually
benefit and bless both regions. This is the true
progress of civilization. And it is thus that
| Providence everworks upon the destinies of men.
I Apparent evils are the greatest blessings. It is
by war you conquer a barbarian race, and by
slavery you reduce them to labor and the arts of
civilized life. Slavery and war have thus been
the two great forerunners of civilization. This
modern crusade and pharasaieal declamation
! against domestic servitude will run out, as did
I the fanatical crusades of old, and society will a
1 gain resume its reason and common sense, as the
i best guides in the practical affairs of life.
If we have wisdom and enlightened states
: j manshipto direct our country, we can turn back
i 1 the tide, and by successful and triumphant expe
! riment, make a public opinion for modern times.
, Everything is at present on a most critical
■ turn iu Europe. The Emperor of the French
. stands upon a mine, that may explode any day.
•! A convulsion there, or in Turkey, would shake
| the world.
The true policy of our Goverment at present,
is to stand still, but be prepared to strike, if it can
| be done successfully. If Europe is thrown into
' confusion, all American affairs will inevitably
fall under our control. We must do nothing to
■ hasten events. Time is doing its work for us
more triumphantly than ever the Roman Eagles
did for Rome, in her proudest and palmiest
days.
1 A general rupture in Europe would force upon
us the undisputed sway of the Gulf of Mexico
and the West Indies, with all their rich and
mighty productions. Guided by our genius and
enterprise, a new world would rise there as it
did before under the genius of Columbus. With
Cuba and St. Domingo, we could control the
productions of the tropics, and with them, the
commerce of the world, and with that, the power
of the world.
Our true policy is to look to Brazil as the next
great slave power, and as the government that is
to direct or license the development of the coun
try drained by the Amazon. Instead of courting
England, we should look to Brazil and the West
Indies. The time will come when a treaty ot
commerce and alliance with Brazil will give us
the control over the Gulf of Mexico, and its bor
der countries, together with the Islands, and the
consequence of this will place African slavery
beyond the reach of fanaticism at home or
abroad. These two great slave powers now
hold more undeveloped territory than any two
other governments, and they ought to guard and
strengthen their mutual interests bv acting to
gether in strict harmony and concert. Consid
ering our vast resources, and the mighty com
merce that is about to expand upon the bosom of
the two countries, if we act together by treaty
we can not only preserve domestic servitude,
but we can defy the power of the world. With
firmness and judgment, we can open up the Af
rican Slave emigration again—to people the no
ble region of the tropics. We can boldly defend
this upon the most enlarged system of philan
thropy. It is far better for the wild races of
Africa themselves. Look at the three millions
in the United States who have had the blessings,
not only of civilization, but of Christianity.
Can any man pretend to say they would have
been better off in the barbarian state of their
native wildernesses ? And has not the attempt
to suppress, by force, this emigration, increased
the horrors of the ‘‘middle passage” tenfold?
The good old Las Casas, in 1519, was the first
to advise Spain to import Africans to her colo
nies, as a substitute for the poor Indians, who,
from their peculiar nature, were totally unsuited
to bear the labors of slavery. Experience has
shown, his scheme was founded in wise and
Christian philanthropy. Millions of the black
man yet unborn will rise up to bless his benevo
lent memory. The time is coming when we
will boldly defend this system of emigration be
fore the world. The hypocritical cant, and
whining morality of the latter-day saints will
die away before the majesty of commerce, and
the power of those vast productions which are to
spring from the cultivation and full development
of the mighty tropical regions in our own hemis
phere. If it be mercy to give the grain growing
sections of America to the poor and hungry of
Europe, why not open up the tropics to the poor
African ? The one region is as eminently suited
to them as the other is to the white race. There
is as much philanthropy in the one as the other.
We have been too long governed by Psalm-sing
ing School masters from the North. It is time
to think for ourselves.
The folly commenced in our Government
uniting with Great Britain to declare Slave im
portation piracy. Piracy is a crime on the
high seas, arising under the law of nations, and
it is as well defined by those laws, as murder is
at common law. And for two nations to attempt
to make that piracy which is not so, under the
law of nations, is an abusrdity. You might as
well declare it burglary or arson, or anything
else. And we have ever since, by a joint fleet
with Great Britain on the coast of Africa, been
struggling to enforce this miserable blunder.—
The British Government now admit it to be
folly. And if the great Sir William Scott were
alive, and Lord Chancellor, he would pronounce
it so likewise.
Mankind in masses are only taught by large
experiment. On this subject, importations into
Brazil and to Cuba for the past thirty years
have taught us, and emancipation in the West
Indies is an open book, which all reflecting men
are reading. England is attempting to recover
her lost possessions by coolies and the apprentice
system of whites and Chinese. It is slavery in
another form, and are subjects that will perish
under the experiment.
The world will fall back upon African labor,
governed and awed in some shape or form by
the white man, as it has always been. This is
the only system which can reduce to thorough
cultivation the mighty region of the Amazon
and the great troppical vallies of the Gulf of Mex
ico. The world will have to choose between
that and its remaining an everlasting wilder
ness. Under African labor properly awed, the
‘poor and the needy of the more rigid climates ot
the earth, will be enabled to receive and enjoy
the comforts and the blessings of its necessary
and luxurious productions. Under this system,
the industrious but poor laborers of Northern cli
mates can be enabled to enjoy the coffee, rice,
sugar and cotton for cheap clothes, from regions
where, if they were compelled to toil and work
for it, under the burning rays of a tropical sun,
they would sink and perish away. But En
gland complains of the humanity of such a sys
tem ! And this is that England, the iron heel of
whose power has but recently crushed the Irish
man into the dust of the earth upon his native
soil, and whose gigantic and bloody footsteps up
on the great plains of India have made whole
empires groan and travail under the most heart
less and grinding slavery that the imagination
of man has ever painted ! Such complaints from
such a quarter, is the most arrant hypocricy and
sanctimonious impudence the world has ever
witnessed.
And are we, a great people, moving forwad in
the progress of emire, to be duped by such can
ing sentimentality as this ? If we are, then
will we deserve to were the yoke of England
again. If she has lost the absolute sway of the
sceptre over us, she can restore its power through
her preaching and this mock humanity of her
etherial and sublimated morality.
No ! we have a higher destiny than this to ful
fil. We, too, are in the hands of a superintend
ing Providence, to work out the real regenera
tion of mankind.
The great Roman Government fulfilled its pur
poses, and had its sway—and over its ruins
Loyola and his Jesuit followers made a system of
ethics and morals for the government of Europe.
Then the wild theories of French philanthropy
had their rise,and have died their death. We,
too, have a glorious field before us. Whilst we
throw olf the corruptions of an established church
on one side, and the wild profligacy of French
philosophy on the other, we move steadily for
ward to develope those great ideas of practical
liberty and sound philosophy that may be iden
tified with the real wants and real necessities of
evey part of the habitable globe. Our career is
to extend the blessings and cemforts of life to
the great masses, and thus to elevate them in
the scale of civilization. Supply their wants
and their comforts, and you make them happy
and virtuous.
Take the earth that God has given us, and by
industry and labor suited to it, make every por
tion of it bloom and blossom as a garden for the
; peace of man. But the objection is often urged,
that there is danger in extending our territories,
and adding new people in our progress. Wheth
er for good or for evil, it is vain to oppose it. Out
destiny is onward, and onward , until many more
rich and prolific regions are to be wrapt under
the broad folds of our national banner. The
spread of our population and peculiar organiza
tion will be more rapid and triumphant, than
the couquests of the Roman eagles in tlieir proud
est days, or of the British lion upon the Buram
poota or the Ganges. Cautious conservatism
may declaim against it, but it will be of no
avail. As well might you attempt to turn the
angry wave of the Mississippi by stretching
wicker work across it. In the future, the prog
ress and acquisition of this Republic is a fixed
tact beyond the reach of human power to arrest
it. The great duty of the statesman is to di r ect
it into proper channels, and let it flow on with
out a sudden eruption if possible.
I well recollect, that in 1835, Gov. McDuffie,
in his message to our Legislature, eloquently pro
tested against the annexation of Texas to the
Union, upon the ground that it would destroy.
theJCotton growing interests of Southern States !
He seemed to forget that Texas was there, and
could not be blotted off the map, and would be
a cotton country at any rate. The great
question was, whether we should do so. So in
i like manner of Cuba and St. Domingo, and
I other regions; the question will now arise,
t whether they are to fall into other hands or un
i der our control. The time will come that all
s the Islands and regions suited to'African slavery,
b between us and Brazil, will fall under the con
r trol ol' these two slave powers, in some shape or
other, either by treaty or by actual possession of
t the one government or the other. And the
s statesman who closes his eyes to these results,
- has but a very small view of the great ques
; tions and inte ests that are looming up in the
t future.
t In a few years there will be no investment for
5 the tivo hundred millions, in the annual increase of
■ gold on a large scale, so profitable and so nccessa
> ry. as the development and cultivation of the tropi
r cal regions , now slumbering in rank and wild lux
' uriancc.
Il the slaveholding race in these States are
> but true to themselves, they have a great desti-
I uy before them. Heretofore, the great difficulty
• in civilizing the barbarian races of the world has
been, to procure cheap and abundant clothing
lor them. A naked race must necessarily be a
f wild race. To Christianize or civilize a man
■ j you must first clothe his nakedness. In the
, 3,000,000 of bags of cotton, that slave labor an
i nually throws upon the world for cheap and
abundant clothing for the poor and naked, we
are doing more to advance civilization and the
refinements of life, than all the psalm-singing
and canting philanthropists of New or Old En
gland will do in centuries, All we want is wis
: dom and thorough statesmanship to guide and
direct us, and we may yet be a chosen people,
lor great and wise purposes.
[From the Washington Union.]
The Albany Atlas and the Democratic Platform.
In the warfare now being waged at the South
upon th 4 administration, upon the ground of its
j distribution of offices and patronage to northern
I free-soflers, the New York Albany Atlas is made
occupy a conspicuous place. We have never
j hesitated to admit that the former course of the
\ Atlas on the free-soil question was exceedingly
j offensive to the national democracy, and that its
i sentiments were liberally quoted to our preju
j dice in the late presidential canvass. On account
of these sentiments some of our New York friends
have insisted that we should treat it as unworthy
j of confidence, although conceding that its course
i of late has not been obnoxious to the charge of
free-soilism. We have taken the ground that
there is more virtue in cultivating a spirit of for
bearance and liberality, hoping that by this
course the great object of harmonizing the demo
■ cratic party, and putting an end to the slavery
agitation, might be secured. To show the pres
ent position of the Atlas, we deem it but just to
let the editor speak for himselt, and with this
view, without adopting or approving the spirit
of some of his allusions, we insert the following:
“ The policy of the national adminis
tration. —We copy an article from the Boston
Post on the subject of the policy of President
Pierce—more particularly as regards his appoint
ments to office. It looks at the position and con
duct of the Executive from a high, national point
of view, and is candid, clear, and just.
“ So far as this State is concerned, President
1 Pierce found its democracy united upon a basis
j of its own formation long before his nomination
; and before the Baltimore Convention, to which
; the consolidated organization sent its undisputed
: delegates, and the proceedings of which were
! closed by the unanimous vote of that delegation
i for him. The united party gave him the largest
| majority of all the States ; but not so large but
! that folly might yet throw it away.
“ Was President Pierce to set about dividing
the Party that he found united ? Was he to set
i up a rule of proscription against the men whose
j support he and all his party gladly received ?
Was he to look for it behind or beyond the plat
! form of the Baltimore Convention ? Was he to
I stir up the embers of burnt-out fires, and heap
; upon them new faggots for a fresh conflagra
tion 7 His duty as a Chief Magistrate, as the
head of a party, and as a chivalrous and honora
: ble gentleman, forbid his doing so.
“ In this State, when the numerical strength of
j the two alienated divisions was nearly equal, the
appointments to office have been in the propor
i tion of four to one in favor of the section that
! alone sets up the howl of complaint. Yet they
demand an entire proscription of their former an
j tagonists, and not this alone, but the proscrip-
I tion of those among the friends who will not
! join in their demand.
i “I f the distribution of office were a just ground
of complaint against an administration, or the
| subject a theme on which we ever dwelt, except
j with reluctance, we might with propriety be
! the organ of its utterance. But we have no
j taste for a squabble which has no higher ele
ment than the spoils of office; and we do the
administration the justice to admit that it has
repelled the idea of proscription.
“There was once a controversy in relation to
newly acquired and unorganized territory that
swept over the Union, and which terminated in
what was called the Missouri Compromise. The
compromise was what its name implied—a set
tlement of difficulties, an agreement upon a
basis of mutual understanding, implying mutual
sacrifices. Once consummated, it became a fix
ed fact. The statesmen of that day did not, as
soon as the measure was closed, re-open it, for
the purpose of finding matter for recrimination.
They did not make a measure of pacification the
basis of renewed strife. They did not turn to
the bonfires of restored peace to snatch incendia
ry brands, and sound again that 4 alarm bell in
the night,’ the echoes of which had before struck
the people with fear, and fell on the ears of the
| surviving patriots of the revolution with super
stitious dread.
“ The statesmen of that day did not do this!
The politicians of that day had no selfishness so
depraved as this ! It was left to the pettifoggers
! in politics of this day to conceive of and to at
tempt to execute such a game.”
Subscriptions to Stock. —We have the high
i gratification of announcing to our readers that
over three hundred thousand dollars have been
subscribed to the stock of the Savannah River
Valley Railroad, at three of the points where
books were opened, viz: Hamburg, Wood
\ Lawn and Dorn’s Gold Mine. When it is re
i fleeted that the books were opened at five other
I places on the line, not yet heard from, and that
j only $500,000 is required to secure the charter
! and organize the Company, the friends of the en
| terprise will be ready to join with us in con
i’ gratulations, one to another, and in sending up
. a loud huzza for Edgefield, Abbeville and Ander
, derson. The leaders in this grand enterprise
i have as yet confined their efforts to these three
j j Districts, believing that they would save the
. ! charter. Their confidence has not been mis
! placed, and the great honor will now redownd
, ; to the citizens of the River Valley—the bene
. j fits to the country at large. While they have
. | been thus confidently relying upon the river
valley people, their contemplated work has not,
’ 1 asjit could not,fail to attract attention from other
quarters. Cities, Corporations and Capitalists
I begin to look with interest upon the project.
> j Our neighbor, Augusta, who but lately regarded
r | the scheme as chimerical and having had its
> i origin in a manoeuver of the South Carolina
. Railroad Company, begins to take a different
, view. —Hamburg Republican.
■ ! Famine in India.—Wholesale Mortality.
) —A late number of the Bombay Times says :
) 44 We have famines occurring almost decenial
i ly, some of which, within our time, have swept
; their millions away. In 1533, 50,000 persons
- | in the months of September, in Lucknow ; at
1 ; Khanpoor 1200 died of want; and £500,000
t sterling were subscribed by the bountiful to re
t lieve the destitute. In Guntoor 150.000 human
- beings, 74,000 bullocks, 159,000 milch cattle,
and 300.000 sheep and goats, died of starva
, tion. Fifty thousand people perished in Mar
- war; and in the Northwest provinces 50,000
e human lives are supposed to have been lost.—
. The living preyed upon the dead ; mothers de
! voured their children; and the human imagina-
J tion could hardly picture the scenes of horror
e that pervaded the land. In twenty months’
t time, 1,500,000 persons must have died of hun
u I ger. or of its immediate consequence.”
Their Name is Legion.
The Whigs of Georgia, have at last found a
name that exactly suits them. The discovery
was first made by the Columbus Enquirer. If
we must tell our name, says the Enquiier, here
it is, 44 Our name isLegion.’ 1 1 1 The Southern Re
corder and several other whig papers, answer
in resfionse, our name is Legion, and our name
is Legion is echoed from one end of Georgia
to the other. We have for sometime had strong
suspicion of the origin of the present Whig par
ty. We knew that for some reason or other,
they were ashamed of their ancestors and their
name. But now since they have openly pro
claimed their origin, we hope hereafter they
will not deny their relations. Those who are
anxious to know the early history of t£e party,
and the character of their ancestors, will find a
very graphic and concise account of both, in the
sth chap, of Maik, and in the Bth chap, of Luke.
It will there be seen, that 44 Legion,” was the
name of a very numerous and a very mischevi
ous party of devils that infested 44 the country of
the Gadarenes which is over against Gallilee.”
It is strange how long certain traits of char
acter will run in families. Eighteen hundred
years ago the party called Legion , was in many
respects very much like their descendants of the
present day. Those unfortunate men who were
formerly under the influence of this party, left
the company of sane men, and delighted to hang
about the Toombs. Sometimes they became
insane, and frothed at the mouth, and exposed
themselves in a very ridiculous manner.
Those who were at the last Whig Conven
tion must have seen things very similar. We
might trace the resemblance much farther;
but we think we have already shown such a
striking similarity between the ancient and
modern party, that every one will recognize
thi relationship. We will only add at this
time, that the party called Legion ruined every
man that remained under their control, even the
hogs could not long survive their alliance; and
in a fit of despair drowned themselves in the
Sea rather than endure their society.—Milledgc
villc Federal Union, IQth inst.
Horriele Suicide of a Wealthy Califor
nian.—Franklin C. Gray, aged about forty-five
years, a wealthy merchant of San Francisco,
California, where he was Alderman for two
years, and highly respected, committed suicide
on Friday, at New Rochelle, N. Y., by throwing
himself across the track just as the express train
was passing, and was instantly killed. The
Westchester News says:
The body was 44 literally smashed to pieces.”
The head, neck and shoulders are completely
off. Not a piece of the skull can be found
larger than a penny. Both arms, and the right
leg and foot have shared a similar fate. The
vertabrae is in several places broken, and the
left foot smashed lo pieces. The brains, and
mangled flesh and intestines, lay scattered in all
directions. Here was a broken leg, while there
lay a part of a hand, or some other portions of
that human frame in which life and spirit beam
ed a minute ago. The hand that writes this de
scription of a most horrible death, gathered up
the scattered brains and mangled limbs, placed
them on a plank, and assisted to carry them to
New Rochelle depot.
The deceased had an income of $36,000 a
year, which he received regularly in monthly
remittances of $3,000. He brought letters of
credit from Cook, Palmer & Co., of San Fran
cisco, abont fifteen months ago, and has since
been residing, a portion of the time, in Washing
ton, where he married a young, beautiful and
highly accomplished lady. He recently pur
chased a house in New York, in the Fifth Aven
ue, for their occupancy, which he fitted up in
most magnificent style. Last week, while la
boring under an aberation of mind, be disposed
of his house and furniture at a sacrifice of $7,000
tosß,ooo. He advertised his furniture for sale;
and, on persons going there, they found that he
had sent for a furniture broker, and had it all
taken away.
On Thursday, he proceeded to New Rochelle
to sojourn awhile at the Pavillion Hate!, and on
Friday, was to have gone on a fishing excursion
with several ladies, but during the morning de
clined going, saying be was unwell, and soon
after walked out to the railroad and threw him
self across the track. His wife, whom it is said
he appeared to idolize, was expected from Wash
ington on Friday evening to join him at New
Rochelle. A few days ago ne made his will,
leaving all his property to his wife.
Cost of Railroad Transportation. —We
gather a number of estimates as io the cost of
transportation on railways from the American
Railway Times, which will be found interesting
The Times says they were prepared by one of
the most experienced and intelligent managers,
and Hunt’s Magazine adopts them on this au
thority.
Cost of Running a Passenger Train , with sot ty
Passengers , 100 Miles.
Locomotive power, at 20 cents per mile... .S2O
One passenger car, (60 seats,) at 2 cts per
miie, ”, q
One luggage car, at 2 cts. per mile (too higl t 2
One conductor, $2 per day; 1 brakemati, $ . 3
$27
Receipts on 40 passengers, at 2J cents per
mile, 100
Net income, §72
The cost of a train with S 2 passengers, at 1J
cts. per mile, is estimated at $29, the cost of one
additional car, at $2, being added; the receipts
at $lO2 50 makes the net profit $73 50.
The cost of a train with 120 passengers is the
same, with the addition of one car, at $2, ma
king s3l ; the receipts, at one cent per mile, ma
king the net profits SB9.
The Times adds: 44 A large engine will draw
on any road, not exceeding forty feet.grade, one
hundred tons, in addition to the cars; and as
fourteen passengers, with their baggage, are
usually estimated to be a ton, a full train of cars,
with two hundred and forty passengers, amounts
to only seventeen tons. The difference in fuel
required to draw one or three cars is so small as
not to be susceptible of calculation.
“ That freight also can be carried cheap on
great thoroughfares, where there is plenty of it,
has already been demonstrated. The Reading
road carries coal one hundred miles for one dol
lar per ton, although the cars go back empty.
The Baltimore and Ohio road have also contrac
ted to carry coal two hundred miles for two dol
lars per ton.”
A Youthful Traveller en route for
California. —The Wheeling Times mentions
the arrival in that city, of John Jacques, an or
phan hoy, aged fifteen years, from the State of
New York, en route for California, overland.
He states that he reached Philadelphia by stow
ing himself in a car or freight train ; and remain
ed there two weeks, sleeping in the market
houses, and subsisting on offal given him by the
servants at the hotels. Finally, a railroad con
ductor allowed him to ride on the platform of a
car to Baltimore, where he staid for more than a
month, serving as an errand boy and newspaper
carrier; after which he proceeded on loot to
Frederick, begging enough to eat fiom the farm
houses on the road ; here he engaged as ostler at
a tavern, but left in a week on the top of a bug
gy wagon lor Harper’s Ferry, where he acci
dentally picked up a $5 bill, and took the cars
tor Cumberland; a gentleman there paid his
way to Wheeling, at the latter place, he is en
deavoring to engage as a cabin boy on board of
\ a steamboat for St. Louis, where he hopes toen
; gage as herdsman or cattle driver to Calilornia.
Persevering, boy that.
“In Death they were not Divided.” —
Yesterday, a pretty little boy, scarcely five years
, old, while playing on some logs in the Hamburg
■ canal.suddenly slipped and fel into the water; his
■ little sister, a brave child ten years old, being
l near, and seeing him sinking, flew to his assis
■ tance, and throwing herself fearlessly into the
■ canal, struggled to save her perishing brother
■ Alas, a two-fold fate was there for them. The
r jioor boy sunk for the las'- time, and his noble
’ sister was herself drowned in her Iruitless pffirrts
- to snatch him from a weterv grave —Blijfal -
Republic *</;
- m
[Correspondence of the Savannah Courier .] * J 9
Commencement at Oglethorpe University.
Midway, June 21,1853.
Mr. Chapman :—The interesting exercises
of the Commencement at Oglethorpe Univer
sity, took place on Wednesday, the 20th inst.,
and were witnessed by a large and brilliant
auditory. Many friends of this institution
from a distance had assembled, to partake in a
literary festival, so replete with associations of a
deeply engaging character. Almost all the
graduates of the class which completed their
academic career on this occasion, have become
professors of religion under the benign influence
f °M heir fos , ter \ n S A ™ Mater, and many of
them are about to devote themselves to the
work of the Ministry. This is a glorious fea
ture ot Oglethorpe University, and deserves to
be noted by the true friends of education.
The speeches of the graduates were remark
able this year, for a high order of ability, and
were delivered with a fine effect. Many ot
tnem were compositions of singular and credible
excellence, exhibiting a ripeness of scholarship
and thought seldom seen at such an a tr e We
mention especially those on “ The Progressive
°™ the . A,x century,” on “ Colton,” on
L. Tom’s Cabin” and on “Geology.” The
review of Mrs. Stowes notorious exaggeration of
southern life was a keen and scorching piece of
sahre, and contained many just observations on
the strking errors of that work. The following
programme contains the various exercises of the
day:
J. S. Gamble, Wilcox county, Ala.—subject
Latin Salutory.
M. D. Wood, Midway, subject—Greek Salu
tory. (
J. W. Boyd, Macon county, Ala., subject
Georgia.
J. D. Clarke, Eutaw, Ala., subject—The
American Scholar.
W. W. Cochran, Floyd county, Ga., subject—
Think! Think!! Think!!!
J. L. Cunning, Columbus, Ga., subject—Pro
gressive Spirit of the XIX Century.
T. J. Davidson, Gainesville, Ala., subject
England, why should we love her?
E. R. Johnson, Midway, Ga., subject—Cotton.
A. B. Liddell, Gwinnett county, Ga., subject
—ln order to be free, without, we must obey
restraints within.
J. McLeod, Marengo county, Ala. subject—
Capital punishment.
W. D. Newell, Milledgeville, Ga., subject—
The power of Sympathy.
C.l W. Smith, Prattville, Ala., subject—
“ Uncle Tom’s Cabin.”
L. Wilcoxon, Hancock county, Ga., subject—
Jerusalem.
M. D. Wood. Midway, Ga. subject—The
Scholar in the World.
William Hall, Talladega, Ala., subject—Val
ledictory to Trustees and Faculty— (Geology.)
J. W. Bones, Augusta, Ga., subject—Valedic
tory to the Class— (Defence of the Classics.)
The President in behalf of the Board of Trus
tees, conferred the degree of Bachelor of Arts on
twenty-three graduates, viz:
W. A. Barron, J. W. Bones, J. W. Boyd, J,
D. Clarke, B. L. Cochran, W. W. Cochran, J.
L. Cunning, T. J. Davidson, J. L. Ellington,
(Irreg’r course) W. S. Frierson, J. S. Gamble.
William Hall, E. R. Johnson, R. A. Jones. E.
Kinder, A. R. Liddell, A. McLeod, John McLe
od, J. C. Moore, W. D. Newell, C. W. Smith,
L. Wilcoxon, M. D. Wood.
The degree of Doctor of Divinity, was also
conferred on the Rev. C. P. Beman, of Mount
Zion, and the Rev. E. P. Rogers, of Augusta.
The festivities of the day were closed with an
oration before the Literary Societies—by Henry
M. Law, Esq., of Savannah. It is not too much
to say of this eloquent production, that it fully
realized the high expectations entertaiuedpn re
gard to the speaker. Indeed, those who had
heard him before, considered this Address, as
surpassing any previous effort of this gifted young
orator. His subject was aptly chosen for the oc
casion. It was a defence of “ eloquence,” a
glowing theme, which he splendidly illustrated,
by his own rich and fervid thoughts. Many of
the passages were singularly beautiful, others
elegant, and not a few sublime. The noble trib
ute which he paid to the eloquence of the Chris
tian Pulpit, was received with raptures of ap
plause. We have hardly yet recovered from the
potent charm, and delightful fascination of this
highly wrought speech, and, it is but justice
to say, that the whole auditory listened to it
with unbroken attention. May all the fu
ture efforts of Mr. Law be crowned with the
same success that followed him on this occa
sion. Thus ended another Academic ¥exf~o{“—
the flourishing Institution. W.
Things in Nf.w York.— The great influx of
strangers to the city, it seems, has so increased
the population that the prices of provisions of all
kinds have taken a rise. The beef market, par
ticularly, has made a great advance in prices.
Beefsteak is now quoted at sixteen cents per
pound, veal eighteen, and lamb twenty-one.
j Judge Sharkey, late U. S. Consul at Havana,
has arrived in the city.
A fortunate escape from fire was narrowly
made on Tuesday morning, at the Crystal Palace,
a quantity of cotton employed in one of the
packages having ignited from some cause un
known. It was fortunately discovered in time
to prevent any damage.
The Opera, at Castle Garden, is doing a good
business. There was a $4,000 house one night.
There were 573 vessels of every class lying at
the wharves on Wednesday, (not including bay
and river craft.) Os these, 32 were steamers,
111 ships, 92 barks, 119 brigs and 219 schooners.
The steamer Illinois, for Aspinwall, and the
Star of the West, for San Juan, sailed on Wed
nesday, the former with 250 passengers and the
latter with about 200.
Prof. Mapes, in an address before the Farmer’s
Club, on Tuesday evening, stated that there is a
wholesale dealer in milk in the city, who does
business to the amount of $300,000 per annum.
It is said that Mr. J. W. Forney, of Philadel
phia, is coming to New York to edit the National
Democrat, the organ of the hard shell wing of
the democratic party.
Our State Road. —As all true-hearted Geor
gians will rejoice to hear of every improvement
in their noble monument of state enterprise, it
gives us much pleasure to announce, to the credit
of its energetic administration, that not a singie
accident has occurred upon it, for now about
six mouths; nor has the arrival of the passen
ger trains varied more than ten minutes trom
schedule time, during the same period.
taking into consideration, the tortuous line of
the track, together witn the greatly increasing
amount of busiuess, furnishes the best encomium
that could be passed upon its management.
Another item of moment to those living on
the line of the road is, that the way-lare has
been reduced to about one half the former rate
that it is say, single fare, only, is charged from
one point to another, when one goes and returns
the same day. By this reduction a person
having business to transect, say ten or twelvv
miles distant may go and attend to it; and re
turning the same day, it will cost him but about
halt what it would have done a short time
We go in for improvements, and these are
some ot the right stamp.— Dalton Times, 21st.
Supply of Cattlf. for the New York
Market. —It is said that were it not for the nu
merous railroads, New York city would now be
in a state of starvation so far as meat is concern
ed as it has to depend almost entirely upon sup
plies from the West. Beeves are now delivered
•here from the Northwestern Prairies, within a
week, by means of railroad, at an expense of 19
to sl2 per head. It would take from 50 to JO
i my- to bring the cattle from the western parts
if Ohio, Kentucky, Illinois, or Arkansas in fair
weather, but iu winter it would be too ex pen -
ive hi attempt such a thing. A drove of cattle
mini the Cherokee Nation, raised by the Indians,
. wre recently received at New \ ork, via rail- jM
road, from Illinois. It is said it would be rare
• ;n find a hundred head of cattle in the New York,
Sew Jersey, Massachusetts and Vermont mar-
s at one time, but for the droves that come
, m the West, over the different lines of rail
way.