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gENERAL NEWS. I'lib Ma::. SkRTK ?:• —We publish this morn ing an important letter from the 1 ustmas-tn General, to the Hon. James L. Orr.ol this State, by whom it was furnished to the South Caroli nian for publication. It presents the views of the Department on the question at issue with the South Carolina Railroad. The South Carolinian states that a reply will bit made in a lew days, on behalf of the Railroad, presenting their view of the question. It will be observed that it is not a mere difficulty about compensation, though that is at the root of the matter. The Board of Directors have notified the Department that . unless terms, which they deem reasonable and just, are assented to, they will on the Ist of Oc- I tober, throw up their contract for the transpor- I tation of the mails altogether. To the public. I therefore, the question is ol very different interest I from that ol a mere difficulty about a few thou- ] sands, more or less, in the cost ot mail cariiage ; it is a question whether they shall have any \ mails at all. And the public must at last decide I the matter, if the parties cannot agree. The let- , ter of the Postmaster General, and the promised j reply ofthe Board, will furnish the materials for I the public judgment, and they should be candidly j and carefully studied.— Chai-. Mercury,2oth inst. . |Froni?Ac South Carolinian] The Mails. Having stated that it was owing to the obsti- i nacy of the Post Office Department that the | South Carolina Railroad Company declined to I carry a semi-daily mail, it is due to the Post- j master General to publish the following letter, j wMch has been sent us by the gentleman to . whom it was addressed: Post Office Department, July 28, 1854. ; Sir: 1 have the uonor to acknowledge the re- , * ceipt of your letter of the ,24th inst., with one I from Gen. i-larllee, dated 21st ult., and to enclose i . herewith the report of Mr. Fleming, Superin tendent of the Wilmington and Manchester Railroad, which was submitted to me by Gen. Hadlee,and which he now desires to have re turned. , . In answer to your inquiry what action has been taken by this department on the memorial addressed to me by the South Carolina delega- j tion aud other Southern gentlemen in Congress; on the subject of a semi-daily mail on the Wil mington and Manchester and South Carolina ; Railroads, I have to state that the subject has I received my most earnest consideration, but that j 1 have been entirely unable to effect the desired | improvement, owing to the unyielding demand , of said Railroad Companies tor a higher rate of j compensation than can be allowed consistently; with the settled line of policy which the interests j of this department compel me to pursue in such 1 cases. They demand S3OO per mile, in order to place them upon an equality with some other . ■ railroads north of Wilmington. My firm con- I viction is that such pay is entirely too high loi ; double daily mail service on any railroad. No] contract or arrangement has been or will be made by me at that rate, and I am determined, if the question shall come before me,not to renew the existing ones to which reference is had. It is a remarkable fact that no railroads in the country, other than those from Ne.v York to Wilmington, and Baltimore to Cumberland, Maryland, receive S3OO per mile, although there are many rendering equally important services, and that there are some roads which actually re ceive less pay for two or more daily mails than is allowed lor single daily lines between Wil mington, Augusta, and Charleston. For instance, on the Hudson River Railroad very large mails are conveyed nineteen trips weekly each way between New York and Albany, at $225 per mile: while but S2OO per mile is paid for similar service on the connecting routes from Albany to Buffalo and also the same i rate on the great route from New York to Dun- I kirk. On the routes from Philadelphia to Pitts- ! burg and Baltimore to Harrisburg, the pay is ■ likewise but S2OO per mile for double daily mails. j On the great routes between New Yoik, ; Springfield, and Boston, nineteen weekly trips , are made each Way at $250 per mile. Neither I isthislowjr rate of pay for first class service ; confined to Northern routes, as erroneously as- ■ sumed in the arguments presented to this de- ■ partment; on the contrary twice daily service is I periormed by contract on the Georgia Railroad, j between Augusta and Atlanta, at $237 50-100 j per mile, being the same rate allowed for one i daily line between Wilmington and Augusta. This very important fact has been overlooked by j the Wilmington and Manchester and South ; Carolina Railroad Companies, while claiming to be put upon an equality with connecting routes, j For such reaso s, I cannot yield to the of these latter companies. Being, however, | deeply anxious that the Southern cities should , , participate in the advantages of twice daily mail service, I determined, after mature reflection, to j offer $250 per mile for the distance from Wil- ; mington by Kingsville to Augusta, making the pay equal to that on the majority of routes on , which similar service is rendered in other sec- I tions of the country. Letters were addressed ] accoidingly, on the 29th ult., to the respective ; Presidents ol the Railroads in question, setting I forth particularly the grounds of my decision, I but my offers have been rejected, and S3OO per I mile is again demanded, notwithstanding my I positive decision against making such allowance I in any case whatever. The reasons for such de- ; cision, as' herein given, apply equally to the | Wilmington and Manchester and South .Carolina i Railroads.. Tnere are still further reasons ap plicable alone to the latter roads, to which I in vite yolir att'ention. Since trie Ist February last (the time of changing the great mail routes) only a local mail has been conveyed between j Charleston and Branchville, South Carolina. | which entitled toe Railroad Company to SIOO | per mile per annum at mutt lor that distance, be- ’ mg the rate for similar service on the Macon and j Western, Muscogee and Western and Atlantic , Railroads, the latter, indeed, conveying a large through mail. In other sections, the pay is still ■ lower, andon the Georgia Central roau two daily mails are conveyed at $175 per mile. No re- I duction however, has been made on the South Carolina road and the full pay of $237 50-100 per mile per annum for first class service is con tinued on the route be ween Charleston and • Branchville, being $62.50 per mile more lor one daily mail than is allowed for double service or. the Georgia Central road and $137.50 per mile more than is allowed lor a m ch larger mail on the Western and Atlantic road. Under such circumstances 1 thought jit but reasonable that the company' should recede somewhat from its I demands. Being disappointed, however. I pre- ' sented to Mr. Caldwell, the President, on the i 17tn inst. the further important consideration 1 that the contract entered into by his’predecessor, actually provides lor two daily mails between Cnarleston and Augusta at the present rale ol pay, $237 50-100 per mile; that-such service was performed up the Ist of February last, and that its discontinuance has not been sanctioned by this department. The supposition is that this change ot service was made under the mis taken impression that it followed, as a matter of course, alter the withdrawal ol the s earn boats between Charleston and Wilmington. What ever may have been the reasons, according to the letter ot the contract the reduction oi ser vice involved a corresponding reduction of pay, and it is not perceived how the Railroad Com pany <Sm reasonably persist in its demands, alter thus dispensing with the daily exprass trains, (so called,) winch were formerly maintained at a cost probably quit: equalling, 11 not exceeding, that or the additional trains now proposed be tween Kingsville and Augusta. 1 tiese considerations appear to have been en tirely overlooked'by the- Railroad Company heretofore. Having now specially brought them to view'. I trust they rnay yet exert a proper in fluence, by leading to the acceptance of what, under the circumstances, should be regarded as a most liberal offer. As regards the calculations of the additional c'st ol an extra mail on the Wilmington and Manchester Railroad, 1 may say that no such criterion can govern this department infixing the compensation lor mail service. Instead ol having such calculations made, it would be well for the com; allies interested to take into consid eration the very high rate now paid by the gov ernment tor the single daily lines. It is impos sible tor me to regard the local considerations presented in lav or of higher pay than I have of fered on that road. The sum of $237 50 100 per mile 1 consider more than adequate fora single daily mail, and it is more than is paid lor double service on many toads besides those here in specified. 1 have the honor to be, &c„ &c.. JAMES CAMPBELL. Hon. James L. Orb, House of Representatives. {From the Savannah Republican, 20th inst 1 Unparalled Outrage at Jacksonville —The U. S Mail Steamer "Welaka Fired into. Our readers are referred to the letter published below, and we call upon the press ot Jacksonville tor an explanation oi the conduct ot the people of their town. In what particular can they teel themselves justified in the discrimination they make between the rights of the Charleston steamers and thosb of the Mail steamer irom Savannah? Their reckless attack upon life and property, neither entering nor leaving their city, as manifested in this instance, is, to use the mild est term, high handed and unwarrantable in the I extreme. The Welaka has mail service to per form higher up the St. Johns than Jacksonville, and the authorities of that town have no more right to impede her progress on that river than they have to block up the Mississippi. In filing into the steamer from their wharves, they are no more justified than they would be had they committed the act upon the high seas. We would advise no act of violence in retaliation^ — lor a day of coolness and retiibutiou will come, when justice bill no doubt be meted out, and the offenders brought to that punishment they deserve. St. John’s River, E F , Sept, 18th, 1854. Editors Savannah Republican Gentlemen: —Yesterday the Welaka, Captaiai King,arrived in tins river, and in passing Jack sonvilie, she was fired into by a parcel ol tag rag and bobtail, who have congregated tor sometime past with a full determination to sink and des troy both the Captain and his vessel, with any passengers that might be aboard. We, of Geor gia, are a peace abiding people, but this transac tion makes my biopd course warmer than usual, and if Jacksonville is not the scene of blood and carnage soon I am neither a prophet nor the son oi a prophet. There are many friends of Geor gia here. Messrs. Bisbee & Canova have acted nobly for her. Among her enemies, are some Carolinians, in the awkward squad. Some seven cannon were tired, to sink her last night, but, thank God, the little vessel, her gallant captain and crew, pass ed up the river unharmed. To-night the attempi will be renewed, but with what success depends upon whether they will be clear to aim or not Is there no help tor the U. S. mail steamer?— One little cutter is sufficient to drive the force Irom its lurking place, and render protection to our harmless steamer. If we had not the love of our country and its laws before us and in our hearts, we could soon raise volunteers to put this thing down, but it appears the couneilmen are acting with this party.•». 1 shall send you a roll ot their names—some tew there are who are to be pitied for being tound in such company, ami with shame, be it said, there are some teilows amongthem who claim Georgia as their native State. On tor a good cowhide to whip such ras cals naked through the world. The steamers from Geo gia are no favorites here—the Carolina boats are tue pets, because they file the town oc casionally, and then Charleston is so liberal in her donations to help them. Yellow lever oi not—they can come, and passengers, freight, or anything, notwithstanding the tact has been known that the yellow fever was in Charleston since last -May. The Florida passed up last Thursday, no quarantine for her. I sent up, on the 11 tn Sept., a communication to Columbus Drew Esq., of the Republican, ask ing its insertion ; on the same day he wrote a note to me, or at least it bore the same date, as follows: Jacksonville, Sept. 11, 1854. MajorS —My Dear Sir: You are aware 1 would most cheerfully publish any thing Iron, your pen, but I drop you a tew lines tosuggesi that you do not publish the communication you sent in regard to Capt. King. The feeling on that subject is fast dying out. lam aware thai theie are are differences ol opinion on both sides, but 1 think there will not be a Savannah boat here again until the fever subsides, w hen 1 . in in hopes there will be kindly explanations, and the parties wilt settle down better satisfied.— Yours, very truly, Columbus Drew. To this note I replied as follows: September 13 1854. Columbus Drew, Esq.— Dear Sir: Youi note of the 11th lost, has just been received, -‘that there will not be a Savannah boat here again until the fever subsides,” will not be cause for withholding my publication. Captain King will be here again on Sunday next, I am sure. Il however, you do not wish that justice should have her sway, and that Captain King should be persecuted without any hearing, you can return it, but I insist as a public journalist, that you give it place in your next issue. Res pecttully yours, S. S. Shad In his issue of the 14th he censures Captai , King’s conduct in toto, calls him obstin te and self-willed, under an editorial beaded ‘'The Mails Treatment to our Community,” you will hud Captain King and his friends are not allowed the liberty ot the press in Jacksonville, so-please publish this for your old subscriber. S. Experimental Farm and Agricultural College.— It is stated that the plan devi-ed un der the auspices ol the Maryland State Agricul tural Society, for the purchase and outfit ol an experimental farm, and for the erection there I on of an Agricultural College, proposes to make I it a joint stock concern, in which all the cit izens of the State can participate it they feel Iso disposed—each share of stock, when full ; paid, to amount to $25, to be applied to the i above-named purposes. The holder or combin ed holders of forty shares of stock will be entitled to be represented always by a pupil tree of al. charges for instiuction, &c. The su'scription ot stork is not to be binding upon subscribers unless lour thousand shares shall be dona Jirfe sub rcribed. The exclusive control ol the property and the government of the college, aie to be vest ed in officers to be chosen by the stockholders. —Halt. Sun. About a month sine** our readers were in formed that an effort was being made to estab lish and endow an institution in this Di triet similar in its character to the one contemplated in Maryland, and which is noticed above. A gen tleman ot enlarged agricultural experience, and who has a passion for his profession. has set tb< ball in motion; and we are pleased to learn t hat se veral of our wealthy and enterprisingntizens have already subscribed liberal!y in aid oi the enter prise. It is proposed that, at first it shall be a coun ty undertaking—that is to say, that the people of Washington county shall project a model farm which may hereafter be the nucleus tor a nation al institution for industrial education, the appli j cation of the sciences to agriculture, the mechan lic and useful arts. It will be commenced | the measure succeed, as we hope it may) upon a . limited scale, but would be gradually enlarged; and the “model farm” and “agricultural and mechanical school” ot the District ot Columbia * would afford facilities to youths, enabling them to reach attainments in agricultural science and skill in the industrial arts. We hope that the sanguine expectations of the projector of the un dertaking may be fully realized. Know-N.ti kings. Some of the “Know- Somethings” of the Fourth Ward of trie city have found somewhere—but where we •'don’.i know”—what purports to be a list ot the “know - nothings of the Ward, and the leading members ui the “ know-nothing” association have been thrown into great consternation by the dsscove ry that the list lias fallen into the hands of some ot" the friends of the constitution ot the United States,and especially of religious toleration, who have published it. This list will no doubt be carefully scannrd by the public. We respectful ly suggest that it would be well, on the part ol the friends of. religious freedom, to present each memberof the “ know-nothing” fraternity with a copy of the constitution ot their country, the Virginia and Maryland " bill ol rights,” and one of the letters ol the immortal sage of Monticel lo. They ‘ know nothing”—give them light.— j Baltimore Sun. A Modern Annanias. BY A. JAX. ESQ. ‘ Old S eve,’ or * lying Stephens,’ as he was I familiarly termed, by virtue of a strong original i genius, and indefatigable perseverance and ap- j plication, had acquired the reputation of being the greatest liar that ever existed in the State ot j therefore, at muster or training, he was sure to i be surrounded by a host of listeners, i e great ly excelled the renowned Munchausen who sim ply told extravagant stories,and sometimes blun- j deletion the truth. Steve, on the other hand. ; never told a word of truth even by mistake, 1114 all his lite, and lied eircumstanirally, and in eve- I ry particular. In short it came to him as natu- j tai as eating and drinking, or rat her asjiieathing ; for he not only lied to listeners but even when ■ he had no other person to talk to, he would tell 1 lies io himself, just to keep his hand in. Thiu' tact was ascertained beyond a doubt, by his de- I ny ing it in the most solemn manner when some- ‘ b< dy accused him ol the practice. It was Mr. Stephens’ good misfortune one” •ime to lose a great ileal of money on a horse I race. Tins made him feel uncommonly serious, ' so he went to a camp-meeting, which was. held about five miles from his residence, to see it hr: ■ could make up a little "shaking props” with the | boys. They happened, however to be too much 4 tor him that time, ai d be was completely clean- ; ed out. This made our triend feel it possible more serious than ever and there happened to be a ; powerful preacher there, who could make him-I self beard at the di. lance of a mile, he though!; he would turn over a new leaf at once. When he got home, therefore the first thing he did was I to send lor a minister. The worthy man came and to his amazement found that Stephens wan- ■ ted to join the church I ‘1 have no hesitation in laying your proposi tion before the brethren,’ said the good old man, • trying to smother aWaugh. • ’Ob course you hairit, responded Steve, with j great confidence. ’And if you could give sWisfactorUy evidence j of the amendment, Mr. Stephens’,continued th> ; minister, emphasising the word, ‘they might take j you on probation; at any rate, we have a meet- j mg to night, and can let you know to-morrow. "Probation bed dogged I’ejaculated Steve I as the minister hastily retreated; ‘why can’t] they let me‘ jine at once, w bile I leel like it F ‘The proposition as might have been expected, i created a real sensation. There was hardly a ! memberof the chinch male or female who had ; not at some time or other, been victimised by ■ Stephens’ slanderous tongue and they could ! hardly hear Ins name w ith patience. Some cc j them went so lar as to say that it he joined they I would leave, and tha settled the matter, tor j they were among the 'tore-handed’ member \ who could not afford to lose them However to avoid any trouble with ihe unscrupulous fellow j nke Steve it was resolved to breathe the matter < 'o him as easily as possible. Two ol the mos> | ii'spectaule in m Li the church were appointed I ro call on him. and it was generally understood, such was their known mildness ol disposition, that every possible excuse consistent with truth Aould be made lor not receiving him. The rest of the story must be told in Steve’s own words. •When old Deacon Peabody came along Iso! in the back door with a hoe-handle, and I hop" -o suffer it I wasn’t mad enough to rare rigi' up A cousin ol my wile’s, whose sister was n j member, had come over ai d told us alt abiut it ’ ‘Good mornin’, Mr Stephens.’ says the oie hyprocrite, with a tace as long as a y ard ot pump water. 1 said nothing, but kept on ‘I came down to see you this morning, says ‘Wai,’ says I. how do you like my looks ?’ ‘o,’ savs be, ‘what 1 mean is, that I came down to labor with you.’ ‘Work away then, why don’t you?’ was ail he got out o’ me. ‘But, Mr. Stephens,’ said he very solemnly, the church sent me down to talk with youa minute.’ ’Wai, you’ve 6i>i talkin lor more than five min utes. Deacon Peabody, says I. and you’ve sail nothin yet, now when are you goin’ to begin?’ The old Israelite looked mad enough to bite my head off at a snap, but he thought it best.to keep cool, so he drew a long breath and went on. ’Nobody wants to hurt your feelings, or make any trouble, Mr. Stephens, but the church have come to the conclusion, that perhaps on the whole, under the circumstances, and in view pi everything it mighr be best all round, and taking all things n.to consideration, lor you not to b hasty m applying jist at present. 1 bey tbiuk on mature reflection, that it might Le as well you’d conclude to postpone it a little while, sar tor a y ear or eighteen mouths. 1 •l'h-y dew? Wai, now Deacon, what make* ’em think so? The chuich ain’t full is it” This was a hard question. The old sarperrt knew very well that it wouldn't answer to say he didn’t know—lor he knew last enough—aa*.] knew that 1 knew he did. So savs he: •Mr. Stephens, I’m sorry your’e so riled about j st; you’ve no occasion, I di u’l come to offend ; i ysj'u know, as well ns Ido why the church don’i I accept you.’ •It 1 knew’, I wouldn’t ask you to tell me, Dea. : con Peabody ’. ‘ Well,’says he‘don’t you know what stories you’re in the habit of telling ?’ ‘ Who says I tell large stones!’ says I ; it's an oiltruth and you can’t pruve it ain’t. Now,ain 4 it a shame for a man like you to goarodndscan dalizing a neighbor that way ? Wh.it a story ot mine did you ever hear that wasn’t true! Come, lay your finger on the first story and 1 won’t say another word.’ Why. there’s so many on’em answered the Deacon,‘that it is alm.»< impossible to specify any one in paiticu!"ai But now I ttmik oii'i ; l.iii’t you lemembcr that s’oiy you told about yum lather being kill'd bv a bear P ‘My father belli:' killed by. a bear’’ says I. hue it IS Low ! Ina’s jisi the way |.|K- li.. laboutme! It’s an outrui h like'lie rest on j and you ought to be a-tiemed. Deacoq I eab.» I m be lumiing murid lollin' iliiugs that ain’t So. i 'Well.' sai lhe pii-nv sboit. ' you m.de th.u i | > ele observa'iou about ot'en enough; ii youdid’ul say yniir lather was killed by a (rear, what I' you r/iffsay '! ® ; -I’ll tell you: I said ibat.lather was one ol tlrfe I ; first men to bi mg sheep into Ibis town, and tha - « | I no story, is n?’ ' -No.’ said he, it ain’t ’ I ‘And I said that one day he lost one nf them I ,re sheep In the woods—and that's likely, il i ] : i 4 tun•-and when he was looking lor it, I ' 1 said he came across a near. Ihe bear growled at [ da I, and h- hollowed al the bemjai.d finally lb i beast came at him, and <me ail bls Misides . iff and then your lalln-r Deaco!. 1 eabody-.... i A'ns a ro.spei'iable mail, sir and would never i hip aboil tojvn his — voui lather heani my la’ber holler and up -e.'iug how matte!, stood ran In; the doctor. ■Vhen thednctoi came, the fir,' thing he did wr- Io catch a sheep and co’ i s inside out mid put' ihemiu the place ot dad’s and 1 never sard daft ; was Killed by that beai? No, sn! I told th- naked truth. I said he grqw as well .1 ever he a, exf p’ that he hankered alter hay all the winter.ana had mud enouirh guowh u, make him an overai it in the sp. ing! Y.m dm,’> call that a large siqiy. 1 n "l ie *’ J" 11 JF oht a fellow jine the church because he tells th iruth.you wont find, many decent members, I ’ " rhe old man nz right up and walked away without saying a wold Wha‘ he thought I never could find out, tor the oid Christian has no! opened his head to me since Carpet Bag. [From the Savannah Republican, \olh fust.] Yellow Fever Treatment. The tollowing letter from Dr. Daniel Hook, of Atlanta, to his triend Dr. S. D. Brantley, of this city, in his reply to an enquiry made by the lat ter gentleman as to Dr. H.’s mode of treatment of yellow fever. In furnishing us this letter for publication, Dr. Brantly remarks: “Dr. Hook’s long experience and known ability in the proj session, as well as his great success in the treat ment of yellow fever in Augusta in 1839, make his opinion valuable, and in the hope that I may I render some service to the afflicted ot Savannah, i the home of my recent adoption, I have, through I his kindness,’procured them and hope you will give them to the public ” I The .treatment of Dr. H., we learn, is the i same as that adopted and now in successful prac ] tice by the Faculty here. Atlanta, Sept. 15th, 1854. | Dr. S. D. Brantley: My Dear Sir:—Your favor of yesterday, re i ceived this morning, asking me for the mode of preventing and treatment of yellow fever, which I found most successlul in Augusta in 1839, 1 l answer at once, to manifest my sympathy with jour suffering fellow-citizens of Savannah, and j tn the’humble hope that 1 may thereby do some jgood. j tn reference to the prevention of this fell dis j ease, I shall make but three remarks, as my ex- ■ perience is very limited: Ist. Holding the opin (Lrn that it is ot a congestive character, 1 have i always proposed to meet its insidious approach j by revulsion —or, in other words, by mustaid bath to the leet, and free potations of sage tea or : offier unirritaling diaphoretic drink. 2d. I suc fceeded in keeping it off in my own case, in ’39, 1 until the 2d of October, by drinking freely ot j tea whenever langnor or a check of perspiration admonished me of its approach. 3d. My driver ; was preserved throughout the whole season by i the above, and the advice not to sit down or Io ■ 1 ter in the houses or the shade of the houses, but 1 to be in his carriage or walking about in the Streets when not employed. Entertaining the conviction that the yellow Hever proximately depended upon congestion of . important organs—most commonly ot the ab -lominal viscera, I directed my mind wholly to ’tiris condition, and regula’ed. the treatment ac i eurdingly. It was, therefore, very simple. It was, first, to overcome the collapse induced by i the congestion—secondly, to remove the effects ]of this collapse and congestion, high lever and ■suppression of natural secretion?; and, thirdly, .to prevent the recurrence of the congestion. As I toon as I went to Augusta to aid the afflicted, I j requested all who desired my services to send , or me immediately on the commencement of j the attack, and it gives me much satisfaction to , say that fro one died of the many that thus called me. No treatment do I consider as promising uniform success, unless it is resorted to in the first stage of the disease. My first object, as may be inferred from the above, was to produce reaction—that is, to re call the circulation to the surface and to the ex tremities. No means, to this end, in my judg ment, are to be compared, in excellence, to mus tard bathsand plasters. These were used instant ly, and continued until the desired effect was fully produced. Tne baths were hot and very strong —they were also put in the deepest vessel at I hand, so as to immerse as much of the legs as ■ possible. At the same Lme the plasters were ’ applied over the stomach and te the arms and I thighs. During this effort at revulsion, nothing i was administered but ice water or other cooling > drinks. No stimulant whatever was allowed I As soon as full reaction was produced, to abate the tevei and to restore the natural secretions; one large dose of calomel was administered. It there was any apprehension of distress ot the stomach, it was given in divided portions, every hour or two until the whole dose was taken. This dose usually exceeded twenty grains. It it operated well, nothing else was necessary—if not,a little castor oil, or a large tepid water injection became i dispensible. In this process, no stimulant was allowed, and indeed, nothing but the cooling drinks oi the first stage. The least tendency to a re'urn ofthe congestion was promptly met by a return to the mustard applications! As a gen eral thing, full reaction was a certain indication ot cure, but sometimes the reaction was exces sive, and then sponging with cold water was a most valuable addition to the cold drinks. lam very much inclined to think, Irom subsequent experience in typhoid fever and typhoid dysen tery, that the wet sheet would be more beneficial than even the sponging with cold water. In most cases—perhaps in every one where re action was produced in one or two hours from the commencement ot the attack—there war an abatement ot the lever as soon as the medicine began to z operate, or very soon thereafter, and then my purpose was to brace up the system to prevent the recurrence of congestion. With this view from two to five grains of .quinine were given every hour, according to the emergency of the case. I know no substitute for this valuable article. It should be given to the extent of twenty, thirty, forty or fifty grans if the case be very alarming—but to protect the brain, I greatly prefer giving it in small doses, and repeating until the requisite quantity is given. The uni form heat oi the body, the natural feeling of the skm, full soft and slow pulse, with the healthy character o! the perspiration, will indicate the time when it may be dispensed with. It should be given mixed in water, dissolved in water «ith acid, or made into pills with molasses, honey, or some syrup that readily dissolves. I have seen life endangered by the quinine passing through the system undissolved. The best adjuvant lor quinine, is occasionally to bathe the feet in mus tard water, and to drink sage tea, with the view lot promoting perspiiatiori. No stronger stimulant than sa e tea and quinine should be used through lout the whole tr. a'meiit. Opium, brandy, &c. are latal in their effects. Oneo'her remark, and I shall have said all that 1 deem important or proper, in view of the object you have named —thatot benefitting those who cannot kecure a pfiysician. It is this that the foregoing course was pursued whether called late or early to a case; but I must be candid enough to repeat, that it wps only when resorted to in 'be fiist hours ot the attack that it was unifamily successful. 1 may however add, that I found it more successful than any other treatment in any of the disease. With much respect and kindness, I remain your friend, Dan l Hook. Quackery. What is the reason that ” Quackery, as it is termed, thrives and waxes fat, while the “scien ifi.-” and the “ tfuthlul” struggle on, and with difficulty keep above the troubled tide of popular tivoi? The human system being “ learlully and wonderfully made,” to keep it in repair has been the study ofthe wisest minds through all times; I and yet the experiences oi the sages have very tdjle weight with the multitude of patients.— S|fc cific remedies lor the complicated ills of hu rrrianity are theabsurdest thing in the world; yet I men quickly make princely fortunes by the sale i ot medicines that are warranted to thread the i mazes ol our wonderful “temple,” and find out i and destroy pain, as a weasel after rats does the dark holes and out-01-the-way places in a decay :mg buildmg. The stronger who visits Philadel phia finds the most impressive “ pile” in its fash ionable thoroughlaie devoted to the manufactuie of plasters and tooth-powders. The most sump tuous palace ol our "Fifth Avenue” was found in the sale ol mock sarsaparilla; the finest store s ruclure in rvir metropolitan city, the most mas sive granite pile that rears its dark front in Broad way, and frowns over the upheaving tide of our p'lpuhition. has been paid lor out ot the surplus wealth acquired by con pounding aloes pills. The man who made trie “ infallible” corn plaster 1 in ped throughout life, because he was so occu p.eil m serving his customers that he had no ume to apply his remedy to his own pedestals. Ihe gentleman who had “ the certain remedy ior bionchial complaints,” “ pegged out” with rhe consumption. rhe'maiHiiaqturer of celebrated “ Life Pills" died at the premature age ol thirty. Yet these remedies are popular nevertheless; for so strange arid mcomprehensrble is human nature that it will pay a premium lor being humbugged. Ibe galeu who calls things by their right names,and tries to be honest with hrs patients, is generally whistled down the wind, having but little other reward for his labor than the approval of a good conscience; the palaces and the “seven story stores” are the inheritance of the venders of specifics—the very people who, in spite of the proverb, advertise to do more impossible things than make silk purses out of sows ears I Fire at the Rail Road Depot. About 11 j o’clock, on Sunday night the alarm of fire was given, which was soon ascertained to be occasioned by the burning of a couple of cars at the deopt of the Central R. R. They were ready to start the next rrtorning, destined along the line of that Road, and its chains of communications as tar as Nashville, Tenn. The freight was in great part consumed, and the rest rendered valueless. The flames were prevented from spreading by uncoupling cars, and rolling them back on the track. In the immediate vi cinity ot the flames was a powder-machine which fortunately ’ was untouched. The cars were lendered useless, the wheels being cracked by the heat. The goods destroyed were all des tined for Tennessee, and would have gone by the same cars to Nashville. Great credit is due to Mr. James White, the shipping clerk at the depot, for his'prompt ex ertions and efficient services on the occasion.— He it was, who unhitched the cars while in flames, and he was also the first to give the alarm of lire. We deeply regret to add that Mr. Harrison, one of the carpenters employed at the Rail Road, was seriously injured while assfeting in separa ting the cars. by being crushed, between the; bumpers of the two cars, one of them striking him in front and the other in the back. Great tears are entertained for his safety. There is little doubt that the fire was set pur posely. Two persons, si spected ot having a hacd in the business, have been arrested and are now lodged in jail, awaiting an examina tion. The opportunies for roguery, in the present distressed condition of our city, are too good to be neglected by the set of vagabonds who have been lately and are now, prowliug about our streets night and day. It behooves our citizens to be on the watch.— Sav. Neivs, 10th inst. New Y'ctrk Steamers.—We are happy .in being able to announce the re-opening of regu lar steam communication with the North. Ac cording to the advertisements in the New’ York Commercial; the new first class of steamship Knoxville, Capt. C. D. Ludlow, was to have sailed last Saturday at her usual hour, 4 o’clock, P. M., so that she may be expected to be at hjr wharf early this morning. The Augusta, Capt. Thos. Lyon, and the Flor ida, Capt. M. S. Woodhull, will follow in their turn.-Z6. Provision .Panic. —We cannot doubt that! the growing crop in the United States, will fall short ot its usual average. Still with proper care and economy we believe each State will have enough, in connection with an abundant oat crop, for its own consumption. Wheat and rye straw carefully sheltered or stacked affords tor stock a very good substitute tor fodder or corn blades. The present prospect in this sec tion is very good ior a luxurant crop of crab grass, which it cut in the mildand cured with care, will save many nubbins to the crib, and prevent many a sigh at the stall. Look well | then to ail these secondary but important crops, : and by the blessing ot a kind Providence, there will yet be plenty for man and beast. We be lieve there is too great a panic in the country upon this subject of the provision crop. Col J. Watson Webb, who is now in England, writes to the New York Courier that in three months, or before Christmas, wheat will have fallen from 65 to less than 45 shillings per quarter. This tact will have a salutary effect upon the supply of provisions in this country. Let the specula tors then look out. — hlilledgeville Recorder. Pleasant Incident. —Whilst in Hancock a few days ago, we heard a pleasant incident re lated ot Bisbop Pierce. A company had assem bled to enjoy a social greeting, and partake of a barbecue, perhaps at Double Wells, when the Bishop unexpectedly arrived upon th& cars, an 1 was waited upon and urged to make the company a speech, agricultural, political, religious or mis cellaneous, as he might piefer. Fresh from the classic groves, he gave them an eloquent har rangue upon bis favorite theme, education, and took up a collection, for the establishment of a female high school in Hancock. Some eight hun dred or a thousand dollars were subscribed on the spot, which sum has been largely increased since. The necessary buildings will soon be erected, and the institution will go into operation with j very cheering prospects of success. We learn it; will be located about five m.les from Sparta on j the Warrenton road. So much for social gather ings and impromptu orators.— lb. Important Despatches Concerning the Pur chase of Cuba, etc. Washington, Sept. 14, 1854. It is whispered about the State Department, and in the White House, that despatches or let ters have been received from Mr. Soule, our Min ister at Madrid, of an arrangement with the new government of Spain for the Island of Cuba They came, it is said, by the Africa. There is no particular necessity for my vouching for this statement, in these slippery diplomatic times, but my authority is good—the very best—for the whisper at any rate, there is no mistake about that. What is more, it is said that England and France, and especially the latter, favor the sale fr. rn motives of sound international policy.— Strange as all this may appear to those who will not believe in the purchase of the Queen of the Antilles, I have an opinion—an individual opin ion—that the purchase has been made. But, at all events, nous terrans. Then I will send furth er particulars. The foregoing we find in the Ne.w York Her ald. To what confidence it is entitled, we' know not—very little we suspect. The Effects of the Late Storm—We have reason to fear from various accounts and private letters which we have seen, that the in jury to the rice crop by the late storm, is even greater than was at first supposed. Some plan ters who went to their plantations even lor a day, were compelled to leave immediately on ac count of the stench and ot the spoiled and dacay ing rice. Others have given prompt directions lor the removal ol their negroes into tents in the pine lands. Private letteis trorn the Ogeechee river say that the whole crop of that river will not exceed fifty thousand bushels, less than one fourth the usual crop, which he believes is near three hundred thousand bushels. To this falling off yi the quantity of the crop the loss in quality must also be added; much ol the rice which is saved must come to market in a damaged state. It will be necessary that due caution be observed on this head. Let us, it pos sible, avoid introducing the cholera alter the fever. We remember well that after the lieshet ot two years ago, the cholera along the coast and some si nilar cases in C harleston, were attributed to the use ol damaged rice. It were well, therefore, tnat the planters knew early that proper steps will be taken to prevent a recurrence of thie disaster. Thus the careful planter who prefers to save a little that is sound rather than unsound, will be sure of a good price for the little which he may save, and the careless or unsuspeetting consumer may be saved Irom the use ot unwhole some food.— Char.- Standard, 20th inst. Nil Desferandum. —While there is life there is hope, i> an old adage, and it is sometimes curiously illustrated. Persons given up to die are often saved by the superior energy of a nurse who has Lopejbut many keep off the king of ter rors, for a time at least by their superior determi nation. Old Major Dash, who won his brevet in the war oi 1812, was suddenly taken down with the cholera. It was at the time of its ap pearance on this continent, and our physicians had very little experience. The Major sank • rapidly, and a consultation was called. Several doctors, after “putting their heads together came to the conclusion chat the patient was fatally sick, past recovery. No one, however, would make the announcement; when the Major, sus pecting the case, turned to a young doctor pre- sent, and said, “what is the report?” “That you can’t live,” “Not a chance?” asked the Major with severi ty- "Yes,” continued young hopeful, just one chance in a hundred thousand.” • Then, why the don’t you work aw-ay on that chance?” returned the Major, with a voice of thunder. The hint was taken, and the invincible sol dier was sayed. The white hairs and the glis tening swdrd of this old soldier waved along the victorious lines of our troops in Mexico ; but he at last had to yield to a foe, if not more courageous, yet more installable, and he now sleeps upon his natative banks of the Hudson. Maine Election.—ln the 6th Congressional district, Fuller (dem.) has twice as many votes ' as Smith, (whig ) In the 3d district, Dickinson, (dem.) hasabout 600 over Farley (whig) as far as heard from. There is no reason to doubt the election of the six fusionists —Wood, Perry, Knowlton, Benson, Washburn, and Milliken—to Congress. A. P. Mori ill’s majority for Governor will not be so large as has been < [aimed. In 240 towns Morrill ha 534,269 Parris, (dem )19,844 Reed, (whig)9.l4o Cary2,o9o Paris over Reed 10,704. Morrill over all 3,- 195. The Vote ot the State in 1853 was as follows: Pilsbury, (dem ) 36419; Crosby, (whig) 27,191; A. F. Morrill, 11,0.58; Holmes and others, 9,066. The 31 members ol the Senate stood last year 11 democrats, 20 coalition. House: democrats, 64; all others 87. The opposition had all blanches of the government, and elected a United States Senator.— loston Post. {Telegraphed for the Charleston Courier ] Norfolk, Va., Sept. 19. Marine Disaster.— The brig Commerce from Charleston for New Bedford, was knocked down in the late gale, los ing her mast, and having the captain and mate and four men swept over board. The three survivors have arrived at this port. Their vessel sunk. (No such vessel left our port. The Ketch Commerce is at her wharf. Most probably the brig Comet, Capt. Godfrey, is meant. This ves sel left Charleston on the sth instant for New Haven, with 156,000 feet of lumber. | — Editors Courier. New York, Sept. 18—Cotton is firm, but the transactions are moderate at the following quo tations.—Fair Orleans 12J, Middling Orleans 92, Middling Mobile 9f,arid Middling Uplands 9§. Rio Coffee advanced fc. perlb., and was quoted at Irom 111 a ITJc. The market for Spirits of Turpentine was dull, at from 51a52c. per gallon, with a declining tendency. Crude to arrive was sold at $4.75 per bbl. Common Rosin was a shade higher. Wilmin. ton was worth $2, and North Country $1.85 per'bbl. New York, Sept. 16— Arrival of the South erner at New York.— The U. S. Mail Steam Ship Southerner, Capt. Thomas Ewan arrived at the Quarantine ground in this harbor at noon to day. Wilmington. V'. C., Sept. 19.— The Schr. Ed ward Kidder— Tire Schr. Edward Kidder, Capt. Tyler,irom New York, has put into this port in ! distress. She will leave with her cargo, for ; Charleston, on Saturday next. Pittsburg, Sept 17.— The Cholera in Pitts ; burg.— There were 45 deatns in this city to-day. , There is no abatement in the disease. ; [From the Savannah Republican, 21s? inst | Interments for the Week, j We regret to notice, in the report this week, | so small a falling off in the number of interments I and the fact of an increase in the number of | deaths from yellow lever, over those ot last week. ! We trust, however, that the worst has passed, j and that we may soon be able to report more fa ; vorabiy of our condition. We have not much to ; enconragesuch a hope, ’tis true; but with so re- I duced a population as ours is, and with the ener getic efforts of the benevolent in ministering to the wants ol the destitute,.there cannot much be 1 left now for the pestilence to feed upon? The ' total interments lor the week are 189, of which 131 were of yellow fever; last week the inter ments were 210. ot which 129 were of yellow lever—showing a decrease of 21 interments, and an increase of two deaths from the fever. For the past five weeks there were 681 burials, of which 436 of yellow lever. Interments. Yellow Fever. Wednesday3s. 22 Thursday 3 Friday 2519 Saturday2ll6 Sunday23l3 Monday .2418 Tuesday2723 Total for the week.. 189131 The interments for the week at the different cemeteries weie as follows : Intel merits. Yellow Fever. Laurel Grove Cemete-y 105.77 Catholic Cemetery 8252 Hebrew Cemetery 2‘2 Totallß9l3l recapitulation. The interments lor the past five weeks have been as tollows: Interments. Yellow Fever. Week ending Aug. 23d.. 6742 .. .. .. 29th. 92 r .. 60 .. .. Sept. Sth 12374 .. ~ 19th.189131 Total for five weeks..6Bl t 463 The Jewish Chronicle gives.us a beautiful in sight into the “ voluntary ” character of the Austrian loan. The Vienna correspondent of the Ostsee-Zeitung contains the following docu ment : “Sin: I have noticed with extreme displea sure that the Jews ot Pesth have not yet given energetic proof of that patriotic feeling for which I have given them credit. Whereas, in consequence of the most high appeal of his Im perial Royal Apostolic Majesty, rio— l say, not one single subject—dare now-a-days evade his duty to his sovereign, you are nereby requested to summon every Jewish inhabitant of Pesth before you, when you shall urge upon him the duty of voluntarily subscribing, and give me' the names of those who should behave in a luke warm manner, or even piesume to avoid all par ticipation in the loan. Expecting to receive this very day your reply, together with a list of the subscriptions made, as well as ot those in different patriots [schtechten Patrioten) who re fuse to subscribe —I am, &c. “Baron of Augusz, “Imperial R iyal Vice President. “Buda-Pesth, July 20, 18-54. “J. A. Boskowitz. Esq . Mayor of the Jewish community of Pesth.” We wish our political principlesand party had prevailed in the recent contests; but we had rath er go down temporarily with them than go up by any sarifice of them. The democratic party has tailed to elect its candidates, but it has preserved its identity, its principles, and its self-respect.— Our confidence in the democratic cause was never greater than it is now. It will emerge soon, from its temporary obscuration in this State with more than its old brilliancy and strength, and will eclipse its ancient glories in the Union by new and brighter victories which it is destined to gain in the future. The men who stood by it on Monday will yet count that day as one of the proudest of their lives; and when the ill-assort ed congregation which has now succeeded shall have crumbled to pieces, and the honest voters who have been led into it shall have left it in. disgust, the democratic party will remain erect, and powerful, and beneficial, as it has been for so long a period of time since it was originally organised.— Eastern Argus.