Newspaper Page Text
FOREIGN NEWS.
Further Foreign News.
"**’ ••Hfign papers by the Arabia, to the 2lst
•He* autr.eious interesting details,
ralo: striking importance was
ns despatches.
Cooiinisi’U.' \ uni Crimea. —The latest die
tn to- t will I.’ recollected, announced, through
a private sucre.- m Bucharest the 16th ultimo,
that the bombardment oi Sebastopol commenced
on the 13th. 1 v-.. uundred pieces ot heavy ar
tiller-. were employed, and the engineer hoped
to have posses, ..: of the place by the ISth.
Another dispatch ■ a- ollow-
London, a, ?. M.. Friday, 20th there is no
later direct news. A Russian dispatch (suppos
ed to be reliable saysthat nothing ol importance
happened in the Cnmea to the 13th. Fhere is a
report that a *or: ie o. the Sebastopol garrison has
The tatest official dispatch is of date no later
than October 3J, and is from General Canrobert,
to the French Minister ot War, though it was
known through dispatches from Marseilles, that
on 7th the French and English siege batteries at
Sebastopol were finished. Gen. Canrobert'sdis
patch states as follows:
“No fresh military operation had been effected
up to that date since taking possession ot Balak
lava. The French and English armies were es
tablished in an excellent military position, the
English drawing their materiel and provisions
from Balaklava, and the French from two small
bays to theNoith ot Cape Chersonesus. The
position of the allied armies had naturally deter
mined their mod.- oi distribution on the ground
before Sebasto, 01. The French will have the
left ot the attack, from the sea to the Southern
fort; a: i tie En_ 'till take the right, horn
the Souii. etu lort to the ruins of Inkerinann.
“The Fiencharmy is divided into twocorps— !
the first, under Gen. Fouz, and composed of the i
third and fourth divisions, will make the siege; ,
the secon undeT the command ot Gen. Bosquet, i
and comprising the first and second divisions, i
will form tbe corps of observation. The Turkish
division will be placed, nr reserve, - according to
the circumstances. Similar arrangements have
been made by the English; one portion < f their
force will asri t in the attacks against the place,
and the other part for .r.ir.g a corps of observation,
will be united with th. corps of Gen. Bosquet
These arrangements (says Geo. Canroben) are
of a nature to remove ah do-ot a to the result of
the siege ”
The Soldaten Freaud says that Prince Men
schikoff ieft 20,000 in Sebastopol, and entrusted
the command >f the army there to General
chomutuff. left 0,. October Ist lor Perekop,
where three lutautry divisions, three cavalry
divisions, and eig st Cossack regimentshad been
conceutiateu. On tue 7th he (Meuscuikoff) set
out o.i ins return Hom Perekop with these rein
forcements, and it was e ipected that witn the
reinforcements advancing nom Cherson the Rus
sian a.my would, by October 20th, be 76,000
strong. Th- N'ortaera forts of Sebastopol, and
not Bakshierai, now form the base of the Russian
operations
Odessa accounts ol the Stu say that Gortschak
off was at Odessa; and that Menschikoff, wiio
could uot niaiutdiii disposition at Bakahiwai, has*
sent his army to Sebastopol, and gone to Perekop.
A Russian corps of 14,000 was posted on the
Tcheroaya, near-Sebastopol, and the opening oi
the great ojterations was daily expected.
An attack was made by the Mahmoudie, Tur
kish flag ship, 126 guns, and several allied ships
ol the line, on Fort Constantine, but the object '
was merely to cover the advance of the alite.-,
along the landward side of the city.
According id the statements of deserters, the
the spirits ot the Russian army appear to be
much depressed since its disaster upon the Alma. I
It is rumored that Omef Pasha is to go to ,
Balaklava to meet the French an<i English Gen- i
erals and Admirals in council ot wan It so, his i
stay must be brief, as it is announced ftsot i.ehas
already received orders to advance into Bsssaia ;
bia, and has made every preparation lor so doing. <
Sobtie or the Garrison of Sebastocoi.—
The Moniteur ot Friday morning confirms the ’
intelligence of a sortie attempted by the garrison !
ot Sebastopol against the siege works. The i
enemy was vigorously repulsed. This news is I
authenticated by the Charge d’Affaiies of Fiance i
at Constantinople.
The Arrival at Balaklava. I
Balaklava, Tuesday, Sept. 36. —I never was I
snore astonished in all my life than when I halt
ed on the top of one ot the numerous hills of
which this portion ot the Crimea is composed,
and looking down saw under ms feet a little
pond closely compressed br the sides 61 high
rocky mountains. On it floated six or seven
English ships, for which exit seemed quite hope
less. The bay is like a Highland tarn, and it is
long ere the eye admits that it is some half mile I
length from the sea, and varies from 250 to 120 i
yards in breadth. The shores are so steep and
zj / precipitous that they shut out as it were the ex- ; c
y panse of the harbor, and make it appear much ; £
•* smaller than it really is. ; „
The town of Balaklava is approached through j ']
a narrow defile leading tnrough the more open , a
country about Traktir. It is a formidable pass; t
* few resolute men posted there might occasion i ;
great trouble even to a large army.; but we were i
permitted to go through without let or hindrance j i
of any kind. I;
The staff advanced first on the town, and 11
were proceeding to enter it, when, to their sur- ! t
prise, trorn the old forts above came four spirts of r
smoke in rapid succession, and down came four j
shells into the ground close to them. The t
Russians had a small body of men who seemed i i
resolved on a hopeless defence. The dose of ‘.
shell was repeated, but by this time the Aga
memnon, outside the rocks, was heard busily";
sending her shut against the fort. The Rifles I ;
also advanced, and some of the Light Division, !
and opened fire within 700 yards with their i
rifles, closin’ up as they crept along, and the fort,
after a few harmless rounds more, was summon- j,
ed, hung out a flag of truce, and surrendered.
The Colonel or Commandant had only 60 !
men under him, and they were all made prison- I
ere. On being asked why he fired from a posi- i
tion which he must have known to be untenable
he replied that he did so in order that r. e might j
be summoned, and that he felt bound to fire till
required to surrender. The men belonged to the i
militia ot Balaklava. Lord Raglan entered ,
about 12 o'clock in the day: As he carne toward i
the principal street, the inhabitants came out to j
meet him. bearing trays laded with fruit and
flowers. Some of them bore loaves of bread cut
up in pieces, and placed on dishes c vered with
salt in token of good will and submission. He
assured them of his protection. The fleet and
army are thus once more united, and Lord Reg- i
• lan has secured bis base of operations. The fleet
is outside.
On our march to-day, the cavalry took a Mr.
Upton, an Englishman by birth, and son ol the I
English engineer, who constructed so many use- I
Jul works at Sebastopol. He was captured on j
h'.s farm, and was taken before Li .d Rag an. but
he refused in the most decisive way to give any
Information respecting the Russians, as he said
he could not recon ule it with ms notionsol
honor to injure a Government in whose military
service he had been.
The town is a jmor fishing village, inhabited
by a Greek Colony.
Sebastopol and its Defences.’—The city is
quite visible below us. Across the mouth of the
harbor, near the most easterly of the creeks,
therejs placed a two decker, with springs onlier
cable, and her broadside turned towards our • edi
tion. On the northern side is visible a large cir
cular work, with three tiers of guns—Tort"Con
stantine; and more inland there is another large
fortification called the Star Fort. A round
tower of white stone on an eminence, over the
extrem.ty of the harbor, promises to be very
troublesome. Underneath it are two forts and
large barracks, but we could see no soldiers in
them.
The Russian Soldiers.—As to the present
rondition of the Russian troops the following
etter from Gen.'Napier, better known in this
lountry as Col. Napier, author ol the ‘History
d the Peninsular war,” .s to the point.
Sir Quoting an expression of mine to the
effect that the Russian soldier was so miseiable
that a English soldier would rather present
bread than the bayonet to him, you unjustly
make me appear to have applied it to the present
Russian soldier, whereas it was expressivly
published with reference to those I saw in Paris
in 1815.
So tar from giving such an opinion as to the
present Russian soldiers, I know that their
clothing, commissariat and hospital organizations
have been very much improved, principally I
believe by the care ot Prince Paskiewitch.
' The ridiculous mouthing folly poured out upon
: them, since the war commenced, has given me
; the most disgust.
W. Napier, Lieut General.
Turkey.—Some persons, taking the peculiar
features ol Oriental life into account, think the
suppression ol tile trade in Circa.-.-ian and Geor
gian slaves, of questionable philanthrophyl
The wounded French at Peia are getting on
veiy well. Their wounded numbered irom 1,
400 to 1,500, but their sick are very numerous.
There is a convent of French Sreurs de Charite
there, who render the most valuable services at
the French hospitals. These ladies trudge along
Pera street, followed by a couple of soldiers car
rying baskets with med-cine, and as they pass
the Turks stare open mouthed and in astonish-
Imentatthis new species of Giaour genus fe-
I nienme.
I Russia. —The Grand Dukes Nicholas and
I (sons oftheCzar) have joined the South
i ern army.
Advices had been received from Moscow, stat
; ing that another large failure had taken place,
i amounting to 800,000 rubles.
England and Ireland.—Miss Nightingale
who is to conduct the nurses to attend ti e sick
' and wounded soldiers in the East, had already
■ left England. She goes with the sanction and
assistance of the War Minister and the Duke of
Newcastle. Her staff ot mercies includes a
i umber of recruits from Miss Sellons establish
ment, and others from a Society of Sisters ol
Charity attached to a Roman Catholic Society
in Loudon.
The court-martial on Sir Edward. Belcher, for
l having abandoned his ships in the Polar Seas Las
terminated. In the case ol Capt. McClure and
; the other officers who acted under SirE. Belcher,
' the verdict was that they were honorably acquit-
I tert ; and in each instance the sword was return
| cd with a complimentary remark. In the verdict
ion Belcher, the word “honorably” wasommitted
[and his sword returned to him in silence. Sir
i Edward was blamed tor not having consulted the
! other two officers, both in command ot seperate
! -hips, who had no discretion after his uncondi
i tioual order to abandon their vessels. McClure’-
' had b en in the ice lor two years. The proceeds
! iugs are reported at full length in London papeis
I and the evidence elicited some interesting parti
' culais of Arctic lite.
i The subscriptions to the patriotic fund for the
widows and officers of the aimy promise to be
I enormous. the machinery is hardly in motion
I jet, but the amount already received is about
£IOO.DUO. In add'..on to this ti lurid is being
l iaised for the supply of extra comforts ot all
kinds tor the sick and wounded, toward which
£7,606 have been contributed in about a week.
This latter sum will be admistered by an agent
despatched tor the purpose by the Times news
psper, to which all the donations have thus tar
been sent.
Father Mathew, the apostle of temperance, j
arrived Irom Coik by the company's fine steam
er William Penn. The Rev. gentleman was at I
once conveyed to the mansion of William Rath- I
bone, Esq , Greenback, where he will remain
until be takes his departure tor Madeira. The I
Rev gentleman, although much broken down
by the painful disease under which he has so '
long suffered, lacks not the cheerluiespirits for
which he was always remarkable. It is to be
hoped that the sunny clime to which he goes
may contribute to the restoration of his health.
The London Daily News states that 4he af
fairs of Messrs. McHenry & Co., and ot Mr.
Oliver, will wind more favorably than has been
reported. It promises a statement of
in a few days.
The London Times alleges thai'botb at Liver
pool.and in Ireland a system of accommedation
papet has been canied'on in a manner scatcely
paralleled since the failures among thq East In
dia firms at the commencement of 1847.
From a correspondence in the London Times
of the 20th October we learn that the new Brit
ish stamp act imposes one penny duty on that
large class of drafts made in this country on
England and Ireland to enable poor persons to
emigrate to their relatives here.
France.—A statue of the late Marshal de St.
Arnaud is to be placed in the gallery of the pal
ace of Versailles.
The greatest activity prevails in preparing for
the great exhibition of May next, which, if we
may believe our Fiench friends, will be the
world’s wonder. There is no political news ol
interest from France.
Mademoiselle Cruvelli, the prima donna, has
committed the most unaccountable freak—has
fled from a salary of 100,000 francs, at the grand
opera, and has departed no one knows where.—
The Minister of State has seized her furniture
and the balance at ber bankers in reparation oi
the damage done to the opera by her non-ap
pearance.
Latest. —At the same moment that the Cru
velli disappeared, so did the Baron Vigier, a well
known youthful and rich Parisian. If it be
true that the Baron and the prima donna were
married at Brussels, as now appears, the only
wonder is why they run away.
The constant ana renewed sending of troops
to the East from Marseilles and Toulon is sufti
i cient proot of the government’s intention to pur
sue the war, next season, from the south upward.
T" e figure of the present embarkation is said to
; b< 30,000 men; 16,000 of them from Toulon
| alone.
I None of the American ambassadors or charges
I have returned to Paris from Ostend, and it is not
j known what decisions have been arrived at up-
I on any of the momentous subjects which were
I to come under their notice.
’ The Americans in Paris have been terribly ks-
i dieted at the loss of the Arctic.
i [From the London Chronialc. October 191/i.]
Intended Visit of the Emperor and Em-
i press of France to England.—For some time
, past rumors have been afloat in Paris of an in-
I tanded visit on the part of the Emperor and Em
i press ofthe Franch to Queen Victoria. I un
i derstand the visit will take place in the course
j of the month ol November, but I have not heard
that the precise day is fixed. I understand that
it is expected that Queen Victoria and Prince
Albert will return the visit about the middle of I
May next, when her Majesty will not only be I
able to see the French Exhibition, which will
j then be open, but see Paris in all its glory, with
, the immense improvements now going on in a
' state of completion. It is almost needless to say
i that this exchange of visits is of immense irn
j poitance. They must not be looked upon sim-
I ply as an exchange of civilities between the sov
j ereigns of two great countries. They are a great
I practical event, and will do much to cement the
alliance which has already been so cordially en-
1 | tered into between the people of both countries,
i i The American Diplomatic Congress.—A
' i letter from Coblentz ofthe 14th says:—“Yester-
1 day evening. the North American Ambassadors,
1 < Mr. Buchanan, from London, and Mr. Mason,
i Irom Paris, arrived here with a part of their
3 j suites. They put up at the ‘Giant,’ and are ex
: pectii.g Mr. Soule from Madrid to join them to
, i day.”
The Horrors op War—Surgeons in the
Bluish Army—Awful Scenes.—A sad de
ficiency was recently discovered in the British
army, namely, the wantof surgeons. This must
be regarded as a deplorable oversight. Indeed,
it appears that after the battle of Alina multi
tudes ol the wounded were compelled to lie in
agony lor days with their wounds undressed.
The complaints upon the subject are loud and
deep, and with reason. The army was also suf
fering tor the want of old linen and lint for
dressing the wounded. The clergy throughout
Great Britain have been requested to make an
appeal to their people upon the Sabbath, and it
wi.l r.o doubt be promptly responded to. More
nurses are also needed, for in many cases the
men were compelled to attend one upon another
The horrors of battle were sufficiently appalling,
but they must have been greatly aggravated by
the cases above noticed. A correspondent ol
the London Times, writing from Constantinople,
states that on board the Vulcan there were three
hundred wounded, and one hundred and twenty
cholera patients, and these were attended by
only lour surgeons. The scene was terribie.,
The poor fellows seized the surgeons by tne
skirts, as they pushed their way througtPthe
dead and dying, but they were’shaken off.
Hundreds of wounded Soldiers also arrived at
Scutari, without having been touched by a'sur
geon since they fell pierced wi'h bullets on the
slopes of the Alma. Their wounds were still
and their strength exhausted, as they were 11 ” e< ‘
out the boats to be carried to the hospital. Bu
a still more appalling picture is given of the un
fortunate passengers by the Columbo.
The vessel left the Crimea on the morning o
the 24th. Wounded men were placed on board
for two days before she sailed; and when she
weighed anchor she carried the following num
bers—27 wounded officers, 422 wounded.soldiers
and 104 Russian prisoners—in all 553 souls
About half the wounded had received surgical
assistance before they were put on board. f°
supply the wants of this mass ot misery were
four medical men, one of whom was the surgeon
of the ship—sufficiently employed in looking
after the crew, who, at this place.and season are
seldom free from sickness. The ship was lite>-
ally covered with prostrate lorms, so as to be al
most unmanageable. The officers could not get
below to find their sexants, and the run was
made at hazai.l. The vessel was at sea twelve
hours longer through this mischance. I [ ie
worst cases were placed on the upper deca,
which in a day or two '-spine a mass of ]
' tridity. a ’
' And here follows a description which is so
: really awful, that we refrain from repeating it. — j.
■Surely there was sad culpability on the part ol
the authorities. The facts have naturally enough
excited the strongest indignation ; but alas I for'
tne victims and the horrors of war. No lan
guage is adequate to describe them. The battle
of the Alma resulted m the slaughter of thous
ands of human beings, and then, as may be seen
from the foregoing, were, in many eases, woAF
than the ordinary agonies at death.
Compendium of United States Statistics.
Mr. De Bow. Superintendent of the United
States Census has just issued a new volume, of
i which a very heavy edition was printed by Con
gress. It is a most complete cycloptedia of new
and interesting statistics. The following facts
are digested from it, but the whole volume is
worthy of study and reflection:
The cost of the census of 1790 was' $44,377
of 1840 $833,370; of 1850. $1,30 > 500, exclusive
o'l fin d printing. Upwards of 3,500 persons were
employed in collecting and digesting the facts.
The. area of the Uni'ed Sates has increased
from 820.628 square miles, in 1783, to 2,963,666.
in 1854. being more than a third of the area ot
North America, and «;ual to the Roman empire
or that ot Alexander in their palmiest days;
1.217.562 miles of this territory is in the Mis
sissippi valley, and 766,002 on the Pacific. The
main shore line of the Union, including bays.',
sounds, &c., is 12 609 miles, of w' ieh 6 861 miles
are on the Atlantic. 2,281 on the Pacific, and '3,467
on the gulf. Oi the continental shore line 907
miles aie on the Atlantis north and 1,256 somh
ol Vnginia, (inclusive;) 1,764 are on the gull;
1.313 on the Pacific. The distance fom New
York to Nev Orleans is equal to that from Lon [
don to Rome; from New .York to Astoria by
water equal to that from Liverpool to Canton
oy the way of C rpe Hope. Ihe total length ot
shore of navigable rivers is 49,065 miles. The
frontier line ot the Union on the British pos
sessions is 3 303 miles, on Mexico, 1,456 miles
Nebraska constitutes one-ninth of th- Union;
Texas, one-twelfth; Virginia,one-fiftieth; Rhode
Island, one-two-thousaud-three-hundredth. The, 1
States and Territories have about an eqtral area
The slaveholding States have 851.508 squard!
miles; non-slaveholding, 612,597, 1",970,077 mile! I
are north,and 966,089 southpf latitude
Six States and Territories are larger, ai
a little lesa than either of the powers of Zi-W
Ureat Britain, Austria, Prussia, Spain, or Tur-”
key. Eight of the largest States are equal to
the 23 others in territory.
The States should be classed as—l, eastern, ,
or Atlantic; 2, interior, or middle; 3, western,
or Pacific. The northeastern would then com
prise New England, New York. Pennsylvania,
and New Jersey; the southeastern the remaining
Atlantic States, including Florida; the north
western, Oregon and Washington; southwestern;
California, New Mexico, and Utah: the northern
interior. Indiana, Illinois, and lowa, Ohio, Michi
gan, and Wisconsin, Nebraska, and Minnesota;
the southern interior, Kentucky, Missouri Arkan
sas, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana,
Texas, Kansas, and Indian Territory. There
are now 40 States and Territories.
The population of the U. S was—
-1701 ...’. 262,000
1749 1,046,000
1775 2,81/3,000
1790 3,929,827
1800 5,305,925
1810: 7,239,814
1820 9 638,131
183012,866,020
1840 . . 17,069,453.
185023,191,875
1854 (estimated)26,soo,ooo
The number of persons to the square mile in
the United States in 1790 was 4 79; 1810, 9 55;
1850, 7.90 : 44 per cent of the population resi
ded, in 1850, in the Mississippi valley and Gulf
slope. This region, which had in 1790 221,-
711 persons, in 1850 had 10,344,746. If as
dense as the southern States our territory would
embrace 45,000,000; as New England, 123,000.-
000; as the middle States. 170,000,000; as Great
Britain, 660,000,000; as Belgium, 1,150,000,000.
In 1800, 132 members represented slave
holding States in the House of Representatives,
and 37 only non-slaveholding States; in 1790,
there were 15 States and 1 Territoiy or district;
1800, 16 States and 3 Territores; 1810, 17 States
and 7 Territories ; 1820, 23 States and 5 Terri
tories; 1830, 24 States and 5 Territories; 1840,
26 States and 3 Territories; 1850. 31 States and
5 Territories; 1854, 31 Statesand 9 organized
syid unorganized Territories.
In the last ten years, the increase of white
I population was in the slaveholding States 34 26
I percent.—in the non slaveholding, 39.42. The
| greatest increase in ten years was made in Wis
j consin. which reached 891 per cent, between
j 1840 and 1850. The average excess of white
I males at each census over females, has been
| about 4 in the hundred, the females being al
j ways in excess in New .England. The
I white males of 21 years and over in 1852 weie
; I 5.222,314; the popular vote cast, about 3,170,000.
: i Foreign-born voters, 371,839. More than half
! of the whole population aie under 20 years of
■ ‘ age.
I The free colored, which in 1800 had increased
• in New England 31.63 per cunt, in 10 years, in
, 1850 had increased but 1.71 per cent, in the
, same time. The corresponding figures for the
r southern Stales were 57.33 and 12.07. In Maine,
- in 10 years, the increase was but 0.07 per cent.
- Increase of the whole colored in the slavehold
ing States 27.40 per cent.; non-slaveholding,
, 14.38; 4,090 tree colored were born in foreign
■: countries; one-fith of the free co|ored in New
- : York were born in the present slave States'. In
i I New Orleans, one-eleventh of the free colored
t males were employed in pursuits requiring edu
, cation. The mulattoes in the United States are
one-eighth as numerous as the blacks; the free
1 mulattoes arc more than half of the free blacks.
. In the United States the number of Africans and
1 their descendants is nearly Bor 10 to 1 of those
- that were imported; in the British West Indies
t there are not two remaining lor svery 5 iinport
t ed, and their descendants. About 10,000 im
i ported Africans survive in the southern States
t About 2,500,000 slaves are connected with the
J field work ol agriculture, in every 100 of whom
2 are employed upon hemp, S upon rice, 6 upon
sugar, 14 upon tobacco, and 73 on cotton and
other products. There are 347,525 families
holding slaves, or 2,000 01)0 persons. One fifth
of the slave properties , a l e in a single slave, and
nearly one-half in less than 5 slaves.
New York has about one-eighth of the popula
tion of the Union, Pennsylvania oug-tenth, De
laware one-t wo -hu nd red • anil-sixty-third part.
In the last ten years Vermont gained but ten per
I cent., whilst Wisconsin gained 886 per cent; in
60 yeais Deleware gained but 54 per cent., and
Tennessee 2701 per cent. There are about two
families to every 11 free persoi.s in the Union,
and one dwefilng to a little more than six per
sons. The average age of white persons in the
Union is 23 yeais; of free colored, 21 51 ,ot
slaves '21.35 : and the age which equally divides
each of these classes ot population is 19 15 for
whites, 20'27 for free colored, and 17 02 tor
slaves Not more than 20 000 persons who were
in the country when the Declaration of Indepen
dence was signed can still survive. In 1850, 1 in
every 709 colored persons were insane or idiotic
In the non-slaveholding States, and 1 in 1821
in the slave-holding.
Connecticut, South Carolina, and Vermont
have more than halt as many native born resi
ding in other States as remain at home; North
Carolina, Tennessee, Kentucky, and Virginia
nearly one half; Massachusetts, Maryland, and
New Jersey, one third. The largest pr .portion
ot foreigners is in Wisconsin and Minnesota,
being about one third oi the whole; the least
proportion is in North Carolina, being 1 to 229
natives ;in South Carolina, lin 32; in Arkan
sas, lin9B ; in Mi sissipi, lin 62. More than
a quarter oi the free persons borp in the South
have left for other sections; only one sixth have
left the eastern or middle States ; only one-tenth
the Southwest. 726,450 persons born in the tree
•States now live in slave States; whilst 232.112
born in the slave States reside in the free. 1,809,
OOt) foreigners reside in the tree States, and less
than -1190,000 in the slave States.
-There are in the United States 961,719 per
sons born in Ireland, 275,675 in England, 70,550
in Scotland, 29.86 S in Wales, or in Great Britain
aud Ireland 1,340,812— considerably more than
h.ilf ol the foreign born residents of the country;
in France, 54 069 ; Prussia. 10,549; rest of Ger-
Austria. 946- Switzerland, 13,
358. Norway, 12.675; Holland, 9.848 ; Sweden
3,‘559; Spain, 3,113; Italy, 3,645; West Indies
5.772: Denmark, 1.838; Belgium, 1.313; Russia
1,414; Portugal, 1,274; China, 758, Sandwich
Islands, 588; 13,317: South America,
1,543. Tfie number of foreigners who arrived in
the United States in year 1853 was 37'2,725 ,
in 1854, 368,643. About 40 in every 100 Irish
live in the large cilies, and about 36 in the 100
Germans. 56.214 persons born in the United
States reside in. Canada.
It the United States inefea e in tpe next 100
veais as fast as in the last sixty, the total popu
lation would be 447,159,670; if as fast as be
tween 1840 ami 1850, deducting emigrants, 252,
152.290. The most moderate ratio would give
i» 1900 70.000 000 and in 1950 125,000 000. <rt
whom 64.000 000 would reside in. the valley ot
Mississippi. The annual increase of the United
Slates has been nearly three times as great a-' tha’
1.4, Truss a, notwithstanding what she gained
ftym Poland, more than four times as much a»
Rkssia, six times as much as Great Britain, nine
tiffins as much as Austria, ter. times as much as
FKr.ee.- Upon the basis of past increase in 1950
Fnr.cwwould have 61.000.000, and Great Britain
S4OOO.
! .-'There are 38,183 buildings usee for religious
»*rshipinthe Udited States, having accomino-
Ations for over 14,000,000 psrsens, and of a
fatal value, including other property, of $87,146,
s3l. There are about 30,000 clergymen. The
’-lethodists have mole tljan half of all the chur
iiaes. There are about 5 churches to every 3.000
ii the total population.' The churches of Chai
tston recamodate a larger portion of the whole
p-pulation than do those of Boston.
The federal government has granted over for
-eight millions acres of land lor school purpo
se, and over four millions for universities. —
jaine has a larger proportion of scholars at
slhool than any other state or country in the
World- Denmark exceeds the United States';
( I'oj&lGd States exceeds all other countries,
■e-<#T-:eluding the staves. Thus, there is one
'person at school to every 4.9 whites and free
. '-olor'kl, aftd one to every 5.6 of total population
jn PXpssta, 1 to 6.2 ; in Great Brijain, 1 to 10 /-
'FrtV-Jn to 10.5; Russia, 1 to 50 ; Portugal, 1
ti>Bl In New Eujftimi so admirably is the
school system that only one person over twenty
years of age in every four hundred of the native
whites is incapable of reading and writing; in
'the South and Southwest the proportion is 1 to
12; in the Territories,! in 6 ; in the stavehold
ing States, 1 to 12; in the non-slaveholding,
Ito4o ;in the whole Union, 1 to 22. The pro
portion of the illiterate to the whole foreign born
is 1 in I'2.
There were in 1775 thirty-five newspapers tn
the United States; in 1810, 359; 1828, 552;
1840, 1,6311850, 2,s26—circulating annually
nearly five hundred millions of copies. Ol the
newspapers in 1850, 855 were whig, and 742
democratic. The public libraries of. the United
States contain near five millions ot volumes.
In the staveholding States thirteen free color
ed persons in every 10,000 are in jails, prisons,
or penitentiaries; in the non-slaveholding 28 in
every 10,000. About one-third of the paupers
ou the Ist of June, 1850, were foreigners, al
though they constitute but one-tenth ofthe pop
ulation.
There are 1,449,075 farms and plantations in
the Uniied States, averaging 203 acres each, and
ol the value, with implements, each $2,362 ;
about one-thirteenth of the whole area of the
organized States and Territories is improved,
and one-eighth more is occupied, and not improv
ed. In New England 26 acres in the bun
dled ate improved; in the South, 16; in the
Southwest, 5. About one-sixth of the nation
al domain is occupied or in ownership. The
average value of occupied land in New En
gland'll S2O 27 ; in middle States, S2O; southern
States, $5 34; south-west, $6 26; north-west,
sll 39 ; Texas $1 44 per acre. Os a large num
ber of cultivators taken at random 1 in 9 in
Kentucky, 1 in 22 in Louisiana, 1 in 27 in Rhode
Island, I in 56 in South Carolina, 1 in 198 in
Michigan, cultivate less than ten acres each.
The value of the agricultural products of the
United States in 1854 may be estimated at
81.609.000,000. Thirty-three millions acres ot
laud are in meadows, 11 millions in wheat, 31
millions in corn, 5 millions in cotton, 2 millions
in potato’s- c -> —ll3 millions in all ,
crops. There are 74,000 planters, producing
over 5 bales of cotton each ; 2,681 sugar planters; 1
551 rice planters, growing over 20,000 lbs. each ; j
15.745 tobacco planters, raising over 3,000 lbs. i
nach ; 8,327 hemp planters.
The total capital invested in manufactures,
mining, and mechanic arts in 1850 was $527,-1
209,193; the raw material used was valued at
$554,655,038 ; the males employed 719.179; fe
males, 225,512; the wages paid $229,736,277;
the annual product $1,013,336,463; per cent
profit 43.
The impoits ot the United States show as
follows: 1821, eottoh manufactures, $7,589,711 ;
1853. $27,731,313 ; woollens, 1821, $7,137,737,
1853, $27,621,911; linen, 1821, $2,564,159;
1853, $10,236,037 ; silk, 1821, $4,486,970; 1853,
$33,048,542; coffee, 1821, $4,489,970; 1853,
$15,564 590; sugar, 1821, $3,553,895; 1853,
$14,993 003; tqa, 1821, $3 322,636; 1853, SB,-
221853; iron and steel manufactures, 1821,
$1,868,529; 1853,87,838,791. Our exports com
pare as follows: 1821—cotton, $20,157,484; to
bacco, $5,648,962; specie, $10,478,059; flour, $4,-
298.043; manufactures. 82,581,916; lumber, sl,-
822.077 ; beef, pork, cattle and hogs, $2,052,439.
In 1853, the exports oi the same articles were—
cotton, ’ $109,456 494; tobacco, $11,319,319;
specie. $-7,486,875; flour, $14,783,394; manu
factures, 822,721,660; lumber $4,996,014 ; beef,
pork, &c, $8,416,878. Between 1790 and
1854’ our exports to Great Britain had increased
lourteen-foid, and to France seven-told; in the
former period we consumed $5,72 to each per
son ol foreign goods, and in the latter peiiod
$9 92 ■ in the former period our debt was sl9 to
each individual; in the latter $2,23.
In 1828 there were three miles of railroads in
the United States; in 1830, 11, 1840, 2,167;
1850, 7 365, 1854, 17,317 miles, and about 5000
miles Ol canals. The total cost ot railroads,
$489,603,128; number ot miles in construction.
12,5'26. Total miles constructed in Great Britain
7,686; Germany 5,340 ; France, 2,480.
The value ot real and personal estate in the
United States in 1850, expendi
tures of the several States, $24.15'28 606 ; debt ot
the States, $191,508,922. Estiftiated amount
paid by each individual in tge United States for
every species ol taxation, county, S ate or Fed
eral, $3,58 against $2 55'in 1832. Estimated
numoer ol real estate holders in the Union,
1,500,000 families. In Louisiana,i'll 1,465 itj,
real estate is owned uy'tree blacks,laud $3,958,-’
830 by free mullartoes : in Connecticut owned
bv free colored, $30’3,335.
Th number of Indians in the'Ufiited States
in 1789,76,000; 1853,400.764,0 f Wh0m271,0.30
are in California, Texas and the Territories. In
1800, 3,806 persons, exclusive of airny and navy
were in Federal employ; 1854, 35,456. Coin
age United States mint 1800. $571,335; 1832,
$57,101,569. Vessels built in the United States
in 1815, 1,314,621 of 154 tons; 1852 1,444 of
351',493 tops.
In Richmond the number of persons to a
dwelling in 1830 averaged 5.2 ; Charleston, 5.6 ;
Mobile, 5 8; New Orleans, 6.5; Philadelphia, 6.6,
St. Louis, 7.7 ; Cincinnati-, 8.2: Boston, 8.9; New
York, 13 6. Number of persons to the acre in
Mobile, 13.8; New Orleans 45 4; Philadelphia,
SO; Boston, 82; New York, 135. In 20 years
Charleston, in 1850, had increased 73 percent:
Savannah, 102; Baltimore, 169: Philadelphia
198; Boston 221; New York, 316; New Orleans,
328: Louisville, 976; Cincinnati, 1097. In
about the same period Paris bad increased 17 per
cent; Landen, 91 ; and Berlin 134.
The native and foteigu-boni Iree population of
somp large cities is as follows : Baltimore—native
130,491 : foreign 35,492. Boston, na’ive 88,948;
foreign 46,677. Charleston, native 17 809; for
eign 4,643. Chicago, native 13 693; foreign
15.682. Cincinnati, native, 60,558; foreign,
34 541. New Orleans, native 50 470; foreign, '
48 601. New York, native 277,752; foreign, |
235,733, of whom 133,7.30 aie Irish 60,000 Ger
mans,&c. Philadelphia, native 286,344 ; foreign
121,699. Richmond, native, 15,541 ; foreign,
2;102.
Average age of white persons who died in the
United States in 1849—’50,25.45year5; colored
21.39.
These are but a few of the facts culled
at random from the multitude which are em
bodied in the Compendium. Mr. Deßow re
comm-nds bureaus of statistics to be established
ni the several States, and also a central one, in
connexion with some of the departments at
Washington.
[From the Savannah Republican, Dth
Later from Havana.
The schooner Abbott Devereux, Alchorn, mas
ter, errived at this port yesterday, in 6 days from
Havana, with fruit, segars, &e-, to consignees in
this city.
We received by this arrival files of Havana
papers to the first itist., inclusive, being three
days later than those brought by the mail of the
'steamship Cahawbaat New Orleans,from which
we glean a few items.
Herr Alexander the great' magician, is per
forming in Havana.
The number of messages transmitted over the
Telegraph line in the Island ol Cuba during the
month of September, was upwards of 842, and
the number of words contained in them, 15.675
The greatest number of messages in one day,
was 60, containing 1,023 words. The following
are the telegiaph stations open to build service
on the Island: Pezuela,Canedo, Rincon, Bejucal,
San Felipe, Batabano, Justiz, Union, Cidra,
Guanabana, Matanzas, Cardenas, Coliseo, Nava
jas, Bemba, Isabel* Macagua, Sail Antonio and
A shock of an earthquake was felt at Santia
go de Cuba, a 12 o’clock on the 20th ult., crea
ting somewhat of alarm among the people, as
shocks of earthquake were previously felt in
that place.
The Brig Root M. Charlton, Cxpt. Light
bourne, from Sai'aficah, airived at Havana on
the 25th ult.
Don Fernando Pie, Sr., a prominent citizen of
Havana died in that place on the 30th ult.
The papers contain the usual r-otices of religi
ous feasts and obligations.
There was to be a grand bull fight, in the
Plaza de Reyla, at Havana, on the Ist inst., All-
Saints day, in which six bulls were to be the
martyrs of the occasion.
Trinidad de Cuba is to be lighted with
gas.
The schooners Zephyr, Capt. Gage, for
Charleston, Cicero, Capt.Daulby, for Baltimore
and the Brig Adams Gray, Capt. Henry, for New
Orleans, cleared at Havana on the Ist inst.
The Ships (/eneral Green, from New York,
and American, from Boston, ainved at Havana,
were discharging their cargoes when the Abbott
Devereux left.
Seventy negroes (Bozales) imported previous
to the apprenticeship regulation, emancipating
staves in the Island were advertised, by order of
the Captain General, to be disposed ot, in lots gs
ten, the 3d of November.
The market reports by this arrival are no la
ter than those previously received by us.
New Rifle Drill a t West Point.—A targe
number of officers made a visit to the United
States Military Academy at West Point last
week, to witness the performance of the corps of
cadets in a light infantry and rifle drill, very
simitar to that used by the celebrated Chasseurs
de Vincennes.
Brevet Lieutenant Colonel Hardee, of the U.
States Dragoons, under the Direction ot the
Secretary of War, has recently compiled a work,
pnaking very essential changes in the evolutions
of that truly American arm ofthe service.
It will be recollected that the drill had its ori
gin in this country before the revolutionary war
—that it was systematized during that momen
tous struggle and that its efficacy was especially
demonstrated under the gallant Colonel Morgan
at Saratoga, and throughout the war.
The attention of France and England was
then called to the utility of the rifle and the
drill; and England especially had reason to realize
the importance of establishing it as one of the
arms of her service, from the severe losses her
troops bad experienced whenever they met the
deadly rifle ol the yankee.
The Tiraileurs of France had their orign also
about that time, and, if we mistake not,Switzer
land and other countries soon followed in organiz
i ing rifle corps.
' From time to lime, improvements have been
- made in the rifle, the shape of ball, and the sys
tem of drill.
The French deserve great credit for the im
provements they have recently made in the lat
ter two, and thesysf now about to be present
ed to tbe people oftt.-. United States, combining,
as it does, all the important and useful improve
ments made in that arm of the service, may be
said to be as near perfection as can be attained.
As the work will soon be published, we will
not go into any of the details, only observing that
for its simplicity and brevity in the word of
command, rapidity ol movement, and effective
execution, it recommends itself to the attention
and study of military men—Nero York Herald!
Wheel of Fortune. —A successful praction
er at the ’bar’ under the Maine law dispensation
must be a know-every-thing and a know-noth
ing at the same time. Thus, as we learn from a
violent Maine law paper, a stranger in Harf ford
who may chance to feel like taking a gentle
‘‘smile or imbibition is conducted by one of the
knowing ones into a building in a by-street and
after going upstairs and down staiis, through hal[
ways and various winding ways, finally arrives
in a room, on one side of which is a small round
ho'e in the wall in which is a small dumb-wait
er, and over it inscribed “ the wheel of fortune.”
A person wishing to try his fortune writes upon a
small card, and with a piece of money, puts it in
the dumb waiter. Away goes the waiter, and
shortly returns with a glass of Otard,or anything
you may have desired. Inquire who keeps this
place, and the answer comes through the little
hold, in a hoarse voice, “ A know nothing.”—
boston Chronicle.
Wegranhed /or the Bill,more Sun.
Chicago 111.. Nov. 4th—TAe Frightful Ac
cidml nil the Ilor/c bland Radroad —The accident
on the Rock Island Railroad, by which 30 or 40
first clas'i passengers were killed or wounded,
was caused by the train running over a horse. -
At the latest accounts all tbe sufferers had been
removed to a large stone building on Scott street
in the village of Joliet, and the employees ofthe’
Railroad Company, a-, well as the people of the
village, were using dvery effort to alleviate their
sufferings.
It appears that when the engine was thrown
.off the track, tbe two forward passenger cars
Ijfeere thrown on the top of it, and the steam es-
Wasdriven with tremendous foro^hlough
the dense mass of human beings packed closely
amongst the wrecks of the cars.
The engineer, W. G. Brown, was fearfully
scalded. His brother,acting as fireman, had both
of his legs broken. A gentleman named Carter,
fiAtn Poughkeepsie, N. York, was terribly burn
ed and scalded. G. W. Albion, of Monroe coun
ty, Ohio was also badly scalded. Sarah Albion,
of Monrqe county. Ohio, burned and .scalded.—
Mrs. Cox, of Washington county. lowa, was se
verely injured. Catherine Laughlin, of Wash
ington comity. lowa was.also very seriously in
jured. Mr. Carpenter, of Canandaigua, New
York, was terribly wounded, and has since died.
It is feared 10 or 12 othese will die. One ac
count says at least 40 passengers are more or less
- [SECOND DISPA'ICn ]
i C, IICA ?o, Noy. 4th.—Eight more deaths have
I i from .the effects cf the Rock Island
Railroad Accident, among them the wife and
two enidren of Wm. C. Laughlin, of Gettys
burg, Pennsylvania. Twenty-five others are
still lying dangerously wounded, many of them
not ok;>ected to survive.
Washington, Nov. s.— The Case of Captain
Gibson-— The arrival of Captain Gibson In this
city yestefday caused much conversation, it
being supposed that his visit is in someway
eoniiecied with the torthcomingletter threatened
bj Mr. Belmont, relative to his case. The Cap
tain brought a valuable collection of ornamental
work forwarded by Mr. Vattemare to the State
Department.
It is thought that Capt G. has some important
.disclousures to make relative to the late minister
ial conference at Ostend. The important docu
ments which so foituuatiy fell into his hands
will be given up to the State Department. Ci.pt.
G. had an interview with Air. Marcy yesterday.
[Telegraphed for the Charleston Courier}
New York. Nov. 7.— One cf the Arctic”
Boats Found.— An e , pty boat, bNongiqg to the
ill-fated Arctic, wzs picked up fifty miles south
of Cape Broyle and taken to St. John's.
New York, Nov. 7 —New York and New Jer
sey Elections —The returns relative to the ?.ew
York Election are too scanty to enable us to
prognosticate the rest It. The Know-Nothings
polled a heavy vote
In New Jersey, Messrs. Clawson and Rob
bins, Whigs, and probably Pennington also a
Whig, have been elected!
New York, Noa, 7.—A'. F Markets.— There
is a moderate demand for Cotton at previous
rates. Flour has declined 25 cents per l-.irre!,
and Good Ohio commands Irom $8,631 fll s9 per
bbl. Spirits of Turpentine was worth 50 cents
per gallon.
Ne v Orleans, Nov. 6th, M.— New Orleans
Markets — Cotton was firm this morning, and up
to noon 3000 bales had changed hands. Corn
was worth $1 per bushel.
The Pork Market.—The New York Ex
press says the receipts- at fide water of pork, lard
and bacon, this year and last, thus far during the
season, have been as follows :
Pork, bbls 28.870 006 27.994 200
Lard, bbls 11.016422 17 236.003
Bacon, bbls 19 991.171 17.824,932
51937.593 63,055,145
Increase in 1854, 117,542 pounds.
We learn, just as we go to press, that Mr. and
Mrs. Lamkin died ot yellow lever, at Union
Point during the past week. These cases ap
pear to have originated at the Point, and the cit
izens are much excited and alarmed.— Madison
Visitor, 4th inst.
. Tin: Weather.—lt is now the fourth of No
vember, and the apple trees are in bloom, and tbe
potato and other vines are still green and flour
ishing. A day or two ago we partook of soipe
very nice figs.
Health of the City.—The . weather con
tinues cool and overcoats and fires are not un
acceptable. In exposed situations in the citv at
6 o'clock yesterday morning, the njerciiry in the
thermometer, ranged, we learn, 40 to 42 degress.
The atmosphere, also, appears to be very pure,
so much so that several of our leading Physi
cians, whose authority on such matters stands
deservedly high, have, we understand, in an
swer to enquires on the subject, stated that there
is no danger now incurred by absentees and
strangers in visiting Charleston, consequently,
we have daily many arrivals, and our various
hotels and boarding houses are gradually filling
up. We would recommend, however, those
who have not past the Summer with us to be
prudent on their arrival and avoid exposure.—
Ch. Courier, 4th inst.
Death of Mr. James Screven.—lt is with
the deepest sorrow that we have been informed
of the death, yesterday by drowning, of Mr.
James Screven, third son of Dr. James P. Scre
ven, of this city. We have no words in which
to comment upon this most melancholy event,
by which one deeply endeared to his family and
friends —just entering upon an early manhood—
has been snatched away, as in a moment. How
unsearchable the dealings of Providence! Welt
may we exclaim:
God moves in a mysterious way,
His wonders to perform,
He plants his footsteps on the sea
And rides upon the storm.
All that man can know is that “He is too
wise, to err —too good to be unkind.”— Savannah.
Georgian, Sth inst.
Arrest of Judge Knowlton.—The U. S.
deputy marshal arrived here vesterday, having
m custody Judge Knowlton, of the circuit court.
Judge K. is arrested at the instance of the Hon.
Caleb Cushing. The difficulty, we understand,
grows out of an injunction granted by Judge
Knowlton in the suit of Cushing vs. Hungerford,
j The Judge is brought before the U. S. District
I Court, where he will be held to bail for trial at
the next term of the court.— Milwaukee News,
Oct. 27.
Crime in New York.—The following are the
consecutive headings in a little more than a col
umn ofthe New York Express :
Terrible explosion at Earle’s hotel; Another
I Infernal Machine : Diabolical outfage ; Murder
in West Broadway; Coroner’s Inquest; Verdict
of the Jury; Supposed Murder ot a Sailor;
Scabbed his Wife; Desperate Attempt at Mur
der and Highway Robbery at Williamsburg; A
Mau Stabbed and Another Shot in Brooklyn;
Another Murderous Assault in Brooklyn.
Distressing Circumstance.—An advertise
ment appeared in the News on Saturday last re
questing information of a lost child, a son of Mr.
Charles Christian, of this city, who had been
missing liom his home since the forenoon of the
• lay previous. We regret to learn, by a notice
of an inquest in our issue of thu morning, that
the recovecy of their child was but the realiza
tion of their worst apprehensions of the distres
sed parents—the littie wanderer having strayed
from bis home to the wharf where he was acci
dentally drowned. — Savannah Neus, Ith.
Dead Hogs.—lt is stated in the Cambridge
(Md.) Democrat that a number of hogs have
been found dead in different woods in that coun
ty during the recent dry weather. It. is suppos
ed they died for want of water, after eating a
a quantity of acorns, which are very heating to
them. They were found alongside of ponds of
■ water, which they had drank freely of after do
ing without for several days.