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B BY JAMILS GARDNER.
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U-E J3a V<t*- l 4t
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OFFICE ON MCINTOSH STREET.
THIRD DOOR FROM TUB NORTII-WB3T CORNS* OF
BRO AD-STR K ST.
TERMS.
Drily in advance. per annum $6 00
If notin advance per annum 7 00
Tri-Weekly in advance.per annum 400
If not in advance per annum SOO
Week’y, in advance... .per annum ‘2 00
•• paid within the year 250
at the end of tne year, 3 00
XT* No Discount for Clubs.
(r?* No name entered upon our Books, unless theor
der is accompanied by the cash.
WEDNILSDAY, NOV?TI
A Know Nothing View of the Milledge
ville Democratic Resolutions.
When a man utters patriotic sentiments, and
gives a solemn pledge to patriotic action, he is
entitled to credit for sincerity until he proves
recreant. The presumption should be in favor
of his patriotism and honesty. If this be true
of a private citizen, certainly not less may be
claimed for a mass meeting of a great political
party, uttering sentiments which even its oppo
nents concede to be patriotic, and solemnly as
suming ground which no citizen of the same
Sta’e can oppose without an imputation on his
own patriotism. For an opponent of such a
party thus uttering its sentiments and declaring
its purposes to impugn its motives or seek to
discredit its sincerity, is no 1 : only not magnani
mous, but unjust; and we might add, unpatri
otic.
In this light we are constrained to view the
carping spirit of the editorial of the Savannah
Republican, which will be found in another col
umn, upon the Milledgeville Democratic Reso
lutions. Those Resolutions were carefully pre
pared, and d<-lr erately put forth by many of the i
leading minds of the State of Georgia. A :
material portion of them is the language of the :
Democratic Convention of last June, and the I
additions since then are but natural sequen
ces to the propositions then laid down. The
people ol Georgia indorsed the action of that
Convention. This shows that they were in
earnest and meant to sustain what the Conven
tion declared. We are not disposed to doub
their willingness to sustain the action of the
recent meeting—still less are we disposed to
doubt the patriotic purposes of the actors therein.
In one sense, it is always politic to be patri
otic, and therefore it fnay he true, as said by the
Savannah Republican, that “ policy lent its in- '
fluence” in framing and adopting those resolu
tions as well as love of country.
We are not ambitious of the honors of a proph
et. Therefore, we offer no predictions as to the j
Cincinnati Convention. We will, however, ex
press the opinion that that Convention will ■
make the concessions demanded by the Mil- j
ledgeville Resolutions. It it does, then we will
defy the Know Nothings to do anything better
for the South. The Democratic demand will
be backed by a popular majority in every South
ern State, excepting one or two, and will be po
tential with the North. The recent Democratic
victories in Mississippi and Louisiana will add
force to the voice of Georgia on this whole sub
ject of slavery, and will go far to secure acqui
escence frcm the Cincinnati Convention. The
demand is just in itself, and in conformity to
constitutional and democratic ground.
But if this is not acceded to, the people of the
North may rest assured the Democratic party of
Georgia will make no compromise. It will
submit no “ equivalent to their ultimatum,” nor
accept one.
If,in refusing to do so, it is to be charged with I
“ unfurling the banner of rebellion,” and the t
people of Georgia are to be stirred up to repudi- i
ate their course, the Savannah Republican, is
welcome to al* the capital it can make for Know '
Nothingism by such aa appeal to the *'dispas- 1
sinuate men of the country.”
The Republican is somewhat inconsistent. It 1
w_ .'.! approve a! the adoption of the principles
proposed by the Cincinnati Convention. It I
would even “rejoice,” and “offer no factious
opposition But yet it throws its sneers and 1
insinuations against the firmness of purpose of
the Democrats of Georgia, the effect of which
i-, if it has any effect at all, to encourage North
ern men to believe that they could put upon us,
a- an equivalent to the ultimatum ' a set of high
i. g and meaningless resolutions.”
i’ut the Democracy of Georgia will trot ac
c-pt anything of the kind,even under the threat
o: the R/iuWlean's appeal to the dispassionate
m i: of the country.”
i From the Charleston Mercury [
Professional Magnanimity.
Cr.l. John W. Forney, editor of the Pennsylva
wuin, has been named by some of the papers of
that State as a candidate for the U. S. Senate.
Alluding to this, the nomination has been deri
ded un account ol his occupation as a journalist.
The Philadelphia North American, which is
stronyly opposed to Col. Forney in politics,
takes the occasion to vindicate the dignity ol
thejonrnalist’s office in the following terms:
Calking o f yjr. Forney, we desire to express
our dissent from an opinion we have seen utter
ed in connection with him. It is known that
his name has been mentioned, among others, as
a candidate for U. S. Senator from this State;
and referring to this fact, one of our rural cotem
poraries ir.V, !na tes in substance, if notin terms,
that his connection with a public journal should
disfrarichisehim fortbat position. Tbisisgross
ly absurd. A man’s vocation has nothing to do
Wtth his eligibility for office, and if he be oth
erwise qualifod, that does net form a legitimate
su ject of inquiry. But if it did, we should
like to know »bat better training for public as
say u»V one coufo have, than that winch rsde
n e rorn mana| emen f 0 ( a well conducted
newspaper. I‘a duties an intelligent editor
has to perform, if U, er occupies a leading
position tn the polities) „ ltl civil r ' e|atj , tb *
community, are daily ie s „ >lls i„ practica | gtate ,_
either lets or hindrances. ln the partmular case
of Mr. Forney, of course ,t i s not for us t
whether he ought, or ought not, to be selected
by hn party—that is their aflhir, and we do not
propose to meddle in it; but we do say that in
the ability to represent them ably, both by voice
and peri, and in longj*ame«t and untiring devri
tion to their service. Lis claims are alleast equal
totho.eul any comps.tit j! ; and that his occu-
pation as a journalist, so far from making against
him, it considered at all in the matter, should
make decidedly in his favor.
We take great pleasure in translerring to our
t columns this well deserved tribute to the merits
of Col. Forney, and to the just claims of the ed
itorial profession ot which he is so distinguished
a member. Col. Forney is not only a vigorous
and accomplished writer, of enlarged experi
ence and extensive political information, but is
endowed with noble traits of character and
generous impulses which endear him to many
friends ami must give him influence in any po
sition. Few men in Pennsylvania have ren
dered to his party and principles as efficient ser
vice, and none are more worthy the honorable
post to which his admirers seek to elevate him
I be compliment conveyed in the remarks ol
the North American, to the editorial corps, is in
all respects, just and true. What would half
the shining politicians, in high places have been
without the friendly puffings ol their editorial
friends, and the facts and arguments their la
bors have furnished them us material for stump
speeches'? and what would become of them, il
left to make their way and sustain themselves,
Without this friendly editorial aid? The editors
are to many of them, like corks to the young
swimmer. Without them they would at once
go to the bottom.
Yet, while the editoral fraternity often are
from the force of their position, the Warwicks
of their party, setting up others in preference to
seeking office for themselves, they should never
allow themselves to be depreciated into the
mere instruments and stepping stones of other
men’s ambition. They should claim what is
due from the nature of their vocation and stu
dies, at least an equal position, if not, the front
rank of eligibility to political honors, as com
pared with any other vocation in ,our country.
These considerations have not been always
disregarded in our country, and many of the
most distinguished and honored statesmen in
our country’s history, have owedtheir first rise in
public favor to their editorial connection with ■
the public press.
The Usury Laws.
As Bills have been introduced into the Legis
lature for the repeal or material modification ol
the present Usury Laws, we copy a timely ar
ticle on this subject from the Baltimore Patriot.
j It suggests the remark, however, the only one
| we offer at this time, that it is not for the want
I of more Banks that society is suffering, but for
| want of more competition with Banks. We
| think the Baltimore Patriot wrong in piesent
ing Banks as the sufferers under the Usuiy Laws.
Under these laws they have the field to them
selves, pretty much, while practically they are
but little restrained by them. Repeal the laws,
as to individuals, and a large amount of private
capital would enter the field of competition :
Ths Usury Laws.—The Board of Trade of
New York are making an effort (o obtain a thor
ough revision of the usury laws of that State.
They seem to think that the traffic in money should
be freed from its present restrictions, and left to
follow the same laws that regulate the value of
| other commodities. Wo think so too. Statutes
concerning usury can never answer the end pro
posed. as long as there ; re men who want money,
and must have it at any price. What a borrower
can afford to pay for it is best known to himselt:
and no law is a just one which restrains him from
making the easiist bargain bo can. The old po
litical economists approached boldly, and discussed
lucidly, all other matters connected with theirs .h
--je but -.rhea they touched the usury laws, they
either drivelled er refined In these days, there
have been many bold innovations upon antique
customs, and many successful onslaughts upon an
tique prejudices ; but, strange to say. the usury
laws, so long obnoxious to common sense, and to
commercial interests, have not only boon suffered
to remain in force upon our statute books, but,
like the chivalries follies which Cervantes ridiculed. .
they still have their Quixotic defenders, who re *
joiee in their ignorance on this point as heartily ns
Sancho Panza did on blessed sleep, • because it
covers one all over like a blanket.’
A statute which is hourly evaded, and which
obliges a nay extra compensation to
the lender, lor the risk ha i’ supposed to rue, is
injurious alike to good morals and to mercantile
integrity. It restricts the operations of trade, and,
by diverting capital from the channel in which it
might be most beneficially employed, tends to its
being applied to uses only remotely serviceable to
the commercial community In England, the
restrictive nature of the usury lawsjhas been recog
nized, and their worst features so extensively mod
ified as to present but few barriers to freedom of
■ traffic in money.
By an act of Parliament, passed in 1837, all bills
1 of exchange, promissory notes, or other mercantile
i instruments, having Jess than twelve months to
| run before they reach maturity, arc excepted from
tbc operation of the statute. After a trial of more
I than a quarter of a century, the salutary effects of
I this liberal measure are everywhere conceded,
while the evils which were apprehended, have
I proved themselves altogether illusory. What,
I then, hinders ns from following an example which
: releases the traffic in money from restrictions which
i all acknowledge to be ouious, and very few are
I willing to obey ? Brokers rind private capitalists
‘arc now principally bencGtted. while our banks
i suffer, and our business men have to bear the bur
’ den of extraordinary charges f ,r the use of money,
because of being compelled, at times, by the na
ture of their busir <x-s, to obtain accommodations
at a higher rate of interest than the law recognises.
The usury laws benefit no one but the moneyed
adventurer. Now, it is well known that the bank
ing capital of Maryland is far too limited to meet
adequately the wants of the community, and that,
with property to the assessed value of nearly one
hundred millions of dollars, the investment in
bank stocks in the city of Baltimore, reaches, in
the aggregate, little over seven millions, the
amount in circulation being less than one-third of
that sum; while Boston, with an assessed value in
real and personal property of some two hundred
mi.lions, has a banking capital of nearly thirty
millions of dollars, and a circulation exceeding
ten millions. If, then, the banking capital of Bos j
ton is not in undue proportion to the assessed
value of property in that city, the relative propor
tion of Banking capital in Baltimore should le
fifteen millions, which would be about double the
amount she now has; while her circulation, by
the same rule, should be five millions. Every one
will admit that smh an ext-nsionof capital is de
sirable ; that it is also .““Ibe, we have not tee
least doubt] whatever, provided our statutes con
corning usury were abolished, and the interest on
money was suffered to regulate itself by the natu
ral laws of supply and demand. We call upon our
Board of Trade to examine thoroughly this ques
tion of usury, and if they find the statute an inju
rious one, as wo firmly believe they will, to take
such stop- towards promoting its repeal as the in
terests of our people demand.
Fire in Macon.
We learn that a fire broke out, either in, or
a (joining, the Electric Telegraph office in Ma
eon, yesterday morning, which destroyed that
office, and all the apparatus, books and papers
belonging thereto, and that the fire extended to
the Floyd House, but what further damage was
done to that hotel we did riot leern.
Mr. John A. Brenner, chief Telegraph opera
tor. in this city, left for Macon last night, with
apparatus and materials to establish the office
again.
Austrian Polich in London.—The most
notorious chief of the Austrian police, the Che
valier von Yensenthal, is in London, with a pack
ol fifteen or twenty officers under his orders.
Some of these fellows have been seen lounging
in the neighbor o! Kossuth’s residence. What
i they are about is not known, but watched they
| are, as well as watching.
Chippings from Georgia Papers.
Some of the Know Nothing papers think the
second Thursday in December is too early a day
for their State Convention.
Maj. R. H. Sapp, representative from Whit
field, has been too sick to go to Milledgeville
but he is getting better.
About SOOOO have been subscribed to estab
lish a Female College at Thomasville.
In the lower part of the State, in consequence
of the late rains, they have sift roads to travel
The Superior Court ot Thomas county con
venes 26111 inst.
The Baptists are having a protracted meeting
in Thomasville.
They want a Bank in Thomasville.
The 4th quarterly meeting of the M. E
Church, tor the Albany Circuit, commenced
yesterday in Albany.
Miss Paige has been delivering public lectures
iu Atlanta, on “Female Advancement.” She
is said to he very talented, eloquent and pretty.
Mr. W. N. Mussey is making the final survey
of the Railroad route between Albany- arid
Americus.
B. P. Burnett has seceded from the Know
I Nothing Lodge at Lemon’s Court ground, in
Cobb county.
Rev. Mr. Steagall is announced to preach the
uneral sermon of Hon. Wm. B. W. Dent, in
Newnau, 18th inst.
Spencer Cmieil, Esq., dr-clines being a laud;
f late for Mayor of Savannah.
The Charleston & Savannah Railroad Compa
ny have arranged about their depot in Savannah
We are indebted to the columns of the Atlan
ta Examiner, of 16th inst., lor the following:
Income of the Western &• Atlantic Rail
road, October 1855.
From Freights 856 205 94
“ Passeugeis 16.760 65
Mail 1,895 83 I
Total $74 862 72
Income for October, 1854 43,071 54
831.791 18
E. B Walsh, Master Transp’n.
Speculation in Kansas—Lecompton the
capital of Kansas Territory, appears to be a I
great field of speculation. At the first public sale
of town lots there, on the 23d ult., the average I
price paid for lots, was three hundred dollars I
each,and a large number were sold. The Legis- j
lature granted a charter for a railway from Leav- |
enworth to Lecompton, and a company is sa:d j
to have been formed to build it.
Damages Against a Corporation.—At the
recent term of the Circuit Court of Knox coun
ty, W. A. Hoffer, obtainel a verdict against the
Mayor and Aldermen ol Knoxville, Tennessee,
for $3,000 damages received (a broken leg, which
has rendered him a cripple for life,) by failing
from the side-walk at a point where a deep cut
had been made in improving Gay street.
A Whole Family Swept Away—The j
Pittsburg Post tells of a family, consisting of a
husband, a wife, and three children, who left
Pittsburg last spring lor lowa. On Monday the
father returned, having in the brief time elapsed
buried his wife and all his children, whe had
died in the western home of typhoid fever.
Spiritualism at Fault.—There was a very
large meeting at the hall, in Cincinnati, Ohio,
last Friday evening, to witness an attempt to ;
move a table without touching it, by a spiritual j
medium, named Wilson, for the sum of one j
thousand dollars, offered, in case of success, by
Professor Spencer, who is delivering lect'irrs
against spiritualism. Ol course, it j?.
failure, the medium b ing unable the,
table in any way.
Railroad Meeting in Sparta,
The citizens of Hancock County, and others
favorable to the connection between Milledge
ville and Warrenton, by Railroad, aterequested I
to meet in Sparta on Friday next.
The shipping of the world is estimated at
145 500 vessels, and the aggregate tonnage 15,-
500,000. Hunt’s Magazine estimates that at
SSO a ton the shipping of the world is worth the
enormous amount of $775,000,000. Os this sis
teen and a halt millions of tonnage, more than
ten and a half millions belong to the Anglo-
Saxon race—United States, 40 500 vessels, and '
5,661.416 tonnage; Great 8ritain,35,960 vessels, ;
and 5,043,270 tonnage.
Tfie following are the localities where the I
principal prizes were drawn, in the Jasper Coun- !
ty Academy Lottery, Class G : $12,000, Macon, '
Georgia; $5,000, Mar etta, Georgia; 83,000,
Madison. Georgia; 82 00), Richmond, Virginia;
$1,500, Baltimore, Maryland ; $1,200, Burnt
Cera, Kentucky ; 81,100, Americus, Georgia.
The French Government is taking vigorous '
measures to prevent railroad accidents. Among |
other things every railroad company is ordered ;
to give in a list of their employees, a statement I
of their duties, and a detail of their salaries, in !
order that the Government may decide whether j
the yay is sufficient to secure men ol the needful j
responsibility.
The Delegate from Kassas.—The Nash
ville Union announces the arrival, in that city,
with his family, of Gen. J. W. Whitfield, the
Delegate elect from the Territory ot Kansas.
He receives, says the Union, a warm greeting
from his numerous friends in this, bis native
State. If the General is a fair specimen of the
“ border ruffians,” they are an excellent race,
Mr. Smith O’Biien, the Irish political exile,
has advertised a new book on political subjects,
the title being, “The Principles of Government,
or Meditations in Exile.”
The New York Mirror predicts that within
twenty-five years the United Stateswill not
only supply the American people with the pure
juice ol the grape, but will become the laigeet
wine-exporting nation in the world.
The Missouri Republican says neither Benton
nor Atchison can be elected to the Senate at
the present session of the Legislature.
Fall Fashions in Utah.—The ladies of
Utah have adopted a new costume, which seetr.s
to be gradually increasing in favor. It consists
ol a loose fitting dress, resembling in cut a man’s
sack coat, being buttoned in Iront, and reaching
a few inches below the knees, a pair of panta
lets adorning th * ankles, and a leghorn hat set
jauntily on the head, being, in fact, a modifica
tion of the Bloomer costume.
New York, Noy. 17—The United States
Store ship Relief arrived here to-day from Ru-
Janeiro, bringing liomeS. W. Spencer, late duet
mate ol the ship Sea Witch, charged with th.
murder ot Gapt. Frazier, ol the same vessel as
mentioned auuie time since.
(From the Federal Union, Nov. 20. 1
University of Georgia—Beport and Me
morial of tbs Trustees.
The Report and Me -'orial ot the Trustees of
the University of Georgia to the Genera! As
sembly of the State, which we find upon our
table, is a well prepared and very interesting
paper. It would give us pleasure to lay it be
fore our readers in extenso, but its great length
precludes its insertion. We shall, however,
make some extracts from the Report and Me
moiial, which will convey its purport and
object.
It appears that the donations to the State
University have been forty thousand acres of
land, donated by the Legislature, shortly after
the acknowledgement of our Independence by
GreatJßntain. This endowment of land has
been reduced down by the legislature to 8100 000
upon which the Univeisity has been chiefly sus
tained heretofore. Other appropriations have
been made by the State to erect buildings, but it
is contended that the State has been re-imburs
ed out ol the forty thousand acres of land. The
late Gov. Milledge made a donation to the Col
lege, of six hundred and forty acres of land—
the late John Marks, of Madison county, gave
81000 to the Library, and Dr. Terrell, of Han
cock county recently gave $20,000 to endow a
professorship ol Agriculture in the College;
these constitute the aid received by the College
from public and private sources. The report
proceeds at length to show the use made of the
means pu l at thedisposal of the Trustees. Tt e
college buildings, including President’s and Pro
f ssors houses, aie estimated to be wor’h 8100,-
000, an amount equal 11 the original capital. The
fucii ty is thus al ud d to.
11 I'b.e Faculty at this lime consists of a Presi
dent, six Professors, including the Professor of
Agriculture, and two Tutors. The salaries of
these officers have varied at different times,
being regulated by their income. The President
has never received less than 82 000; nor more
than 82,500 per annum. The Professors never
less than $1,400, nor more than $2 000, each,
per annum, and the salaries of the . Tutors have
varied from S7OO to 81,000 each, and we are at
this time, giving the highest rate of salaries
above named, the Tutors excepted, who are paid
SBOO.
Our resources for the payment of these sala- I
lies, for the increase of the Library and various 1
other incidental expenses, consist entirely of the I
interest on the endowment of 8100 000. guaran- I
tied by the State to bear 8 percent and the in- j
terest on about $20,000, proceeds of the -ale ot I
lots, and vested in 6 and 7 per cent, stocks, to- I
gather with tuition lees.
The number of students is now one hundred j
—a falling «fl within the last few years, which
is accounted for by the establishment of sectarian
Colleges in our midst, well endowed. The
Trustees, without disparaging these institutions,
ask for the establishment of a great institution
in our State, wh re all religious sects and men
of no professed religion, may meet on a common
ground.
The more important objects in view, are thus
indicated by the Trustees.
In this paper our limits will not suffer us to
specify all the objects which we have in view,
but allow us only to mention the more impor
’ant, viz: that of enlarging the Academical
Faculty, and of a: pending to the Institution such
schools as will convert it from a mere College
into a University.
There is confessedly needed at least one addi
tional Professorship: that of Modern Languages
and Literature There is also a public demand
for the establishment of a school ot law; a school
for the application of Science to the indu-trial
arts; and a scli'> -l for Agriculture
The Schoo! of Law should embrace the com
mon law, the statute law. constitutional law,
commercial law parliamentiary and internation
al law. together with equity and Admiralty ju
risprudence and proper references to trie civil j
law.
Connected wi’h this school, should be a course
of instruction for merchants arid other business
men, embracing the law of Agency,of Partner
ship, of Bailments, ot Bills ot Enchange ami
Promissory Notes, of Insurance, of Shipping
mid other maritime concerns, together with the
law <4 sales arid other contracts.
There should be taught also in this school, ‘
Me< i 'al Jurisprudence and so much of Anatomy i
<n l I’hys.ology as are necessary to a liberal .
COUtae ui legal a’ u lies. No a ■.O i.m r.himld ,
b<*r-q .;i d and no ( .irticu! ir cours • of previoui 1
sinly tor admission to the law school.
In lhe school for the applicati hi of Science to
the Industrial Arts, instruction should be given I
to you ig men, with a view to fit them Io the
varicui pursuits of life; such as Engineering
and the business of Artisans. Manuliicturers,
Agricul’uris's and Miners. In the department
ol Engineering, should be taught Suivey:ng in
all its branches.
Drawing—Topographical, Geotnefiical and
Architectural, with shading and tinting, the ap
plication ol Descriptive Geometry to Masonry
and S’one-cutting as well as to Civil arid Me
chanical Engineering.
The principles of Architecture.
The application of Mechanics to Machinery
and Engineering.
The science ot Constauction in all its branches,
together with the mode ol preparing build
ing materials.
The location of Roads.
Surveys for Excavations ami Embankments. I
Bridge-building and Piling.
The use of Astronomical In ’rumen’s : and i
the ascertaining of time, as well as latitude and |
longitude.
The Agricultural School only requires the en
largement of the Terrell Professorship of Agii
culture. In this school should be es’ablished an
analytical laboratory, in which the student could
daily receive ins’ru tion in Analytical Chem
istry and :ts application to the analysis ol soils
and rnanuies
The assaying of ores and minerals. The
quantitative and qualatative analysis of miner
al waters.
The testing of Drugs ind Medicines.
The art of Dyeing, and the preparation and
preservation ot food. A desirable appendage to
this department would be an experimental form,
where the princ files ot agiiculture could be il
lustrated by practice.
No one should be admitted to these schools
of applied science for a shorter period than one
month.
To accommodate the foregoing wants of the
University, additional buildings will be requir
ed. The Law School will require an independ
ent building with a library, and rooms must be j
provided for the schools of applied science. In I
support of this scheme of enlargement, the I
following considerations are lespectfuily pre, ;
sented, &e.
To carry out these objects, of course appropri
ations ar2 asked, commensurate with their im
portance and the necessities of the case to which
we cannot now refer. Most of these objects
are treated of at length—their necessity shown,
and then usefulness explained. This part of
the Report is carefully and ably prepared. That
portion in which the necessity for the establish
ment of a school ol law. is argued, is truly a
specimen of fine writing—its force, perspicuous
ness, polish and research indicating as its au
thor, the present distinguished Professor of law
in the University. But we must close this im
perfect sketch of a most important Report and
Memorial. It will be widely circulated, and
serve to correct many erroneous impressions in
reference to the College, and at the same time,
prove a strong appeal to the liberality ot the
State, in behalf 01 the objects specified therein.
Unanimity of Sentiment in the Democrat
ic Party —The D -mocraey of Kentucky pass
ed a series of resolutions at Lexington, on the
sth of October last. The Democracy of Illi
nois met. at Chicago the other day, and also pass
ed a series of resolutions. They aie identical
ih sentiment and almost in terms. Let the
Democracy of this S'ate read the response ot
Illinois to their resolutions. It is the response
ot the great Northwest,and expresses the politi
cal views ol the Democracy tot the Union. Go
East, West, North or South, and we have the
same political doctrines in the great Democratic
party of the country.— Louisville Democrat.
From the East.
The correspondent of the Boston Journal
writing from Constantinople. Sept. 8, gives John
Bull the following hard hit :
According to the latest accounts, the English
were piscatorially engaged in fishing up the
Twelve Apostles, bobbing for the smaller fry < f
the quandam Russian Navy, and seining the
harbor for submerged cannon. Returning empty
handed from the bombastic bombardment of
Sweaborg, with no laurels rom the spirited at
tack on evacuated Petiopaulcski, they feel bound
to carry home some trophies to re-assure that
querulous old gentleman, John Bull, that Br -
tannia still rules the waves. The English ap
pear to be peculiarly banpy in capturingdefence
less places. One of their own officers—an un
willing participant in the ridiculous farce—
assured me ten hours after the Redan was known
to have been evacuated, the absurd order was
given to storm the place. Bugles sounded the
assault; drums beat the charge; Generals gallant
ly fed their divisions; aids de camp hurried to
and fro; officers could with d fficulty restiain
the reckless impetuosity of their troops. “ With
a shout of defiance,” as an English paper hath
it, they rushed upon the works and captured
them in the most bloodless assault on record.
Fortunately a bombshell had divided the wires
of a battery which was to explode conceabd
mints, else few had escaped to tell the tale.
The Ruslans have shown much ingenuity in
their defences, and some of their ope: atious have
I puzzled John Bull. The same letter says :
I The capture of this place has solved a hitherto
| perplexing mystery to the Allied engineers,
i Injure' cannon wen* found converted into mor
tars, by being embedded in the ground upto the
muzzle. Thus protected from bursting, they
received a double charge, were fired off by trains,
and uuried balls to an incredible distance. Am
bulences. for removed from the theatre of action,
had mysteriously suffered. General Bentick’s
kitchen, equally distant, tumbled about the
manciple’s ears. In short, while Gen. Markham
was visiting hisstables to admire a charger be
longing to his aid-de-camp, a ball struck the
favorite, killing it before his eyes Where do
these balls come from? was the daily cry. They
I fell from the skies like cerolites, apparently me-
Iteoric. Now another lesson in gunnery has
I been taught by the dispised foe.
I Nicaragua.— lts Extent, Population, fyc.— Ti e
i following description of Nicaragua will, at the
I present time, be interesting.
I On the West it is wa-hed by the Pacific Ocean,
and partly on trie East by the waters of the
Caribbean Sea. the Mosquito Territory forming a
large share cl its Eastern boundary. Honduras
borders it on the North, and Costa Rica upon
the South. Its area is about forty.nine thousand
square miles; and the population is estimated at
two hundred and forty-seven thousand. The
females are said to greatly exceed the males in
number. Not more than twenty thousand ol
the people are whites, the test being negroes,
Indians and mixed races. Most of the popula
tion live in towns, many of them going several
miles daily to labor in the fields. The planta
tions rrre scattered pretty equa ly over the coun
try, and ate reached by paths so obscure as to
almost escape the notice of travellers, who are
thus liable to tall into the error of supposing that
the country is almost uninhabited. The dwel
lings o( the people are usually of canes, and
thatched with palm, although the better classes
construct their residences of adobes, and by the
help of fruit and shade trees planted in the
couity ir.l, render many ot ’hern exceedingly
pleasant.
A range of mountains extends along the Wes'
roast of the State, at a distance ot a few miles
from lhe sea, but attaining no great elevation
until they approach the confines of Costa Rica,
when they reach lhe height, of five to eleven
thousand feet. In t.be central part of the State
is an immense level that in known ax the plums
ol Nicaragua, comprising in its area the lake ol I
that name. Numerous volcanoes exist along
the Pacific coast. There are considerable ru n
bers of rivers, but none ol them, except the San
Juan, are rn vigabie in acornu ercial sense Veins
of copper and silver ore ot exceeding richness |
are found in many parts, but. they remain almost I
all of them either unexplored or only sopeificnil- I
ly worked. Gold, al»o. is said to exist. The i
riirruite .■ L'.-uitLj, lei'ij,, . v.u,.,... , j ~;,., ;
lor and mountainous p.ut> the tempemtuie is i
more dry and cool than on the coast, when- it I
is hot and approaching to humid The ('renter
portion ol the State Contis!.* of plains and gi'tr.le I
s'opes formed ol a rich black loam, ol which but
a small poiti ui is made available. The produc
tions aie indigo, sugar, coflee, cotton of supeiior
quality, corn. lice, wheat, At besides oranges, j
lemons, and fruits of various kinds. The great I
bane of the conntiy has been ns civil wars, arid i
it was one of those which enabler! Col. Walker I
to achieve his almost bloodless conquest
I From the ICashiniJon Union..
Department News,
INTERIOR DEPARTMENT.
A gentleman writing from Texas gives an
account of a pepper which grows in great abun
dance in South and West Texas, and which is
called the bird or Chili pepper. When domesti
cated. this pepper is said to improve in size and j
in quality. It commences to ripen in Ju y. and ;
continues to do so until the frost kills its foliage
The pods contain on an average twenty-four j
grains of seed apieee Specirni ..* of tf.e : <-e*', 1
and also of,the grow n plant, a-compaiiied the
letter.
Letter from XoF.ru Carolina—Mr.
Murdock, of Asheville, North Carolina, writes
io the effect that the Buncombe giant grata yield
ed this season four pounds of dry bay to the
square yard. At tnis rate it would produce
twenty thousand pounds of Lay to the acre I It is
said to be much relished by cattle. A neighbor
told our correspondent that bis horses pick it
out from other hay.
Mr. M. adds the following statement of the
amount of corn raised oa an acre of la..d by Mr.
Woodford, of the same locality, and the piofi'
realized from its sale :
149 bushels ol corn, at 50 cte. per bushel. .$74 50
Outlay lor cultivation, &c 23 25
Profit 51 25
BY TELEGRAPH.
New York, Nov, 2Q,
I Cottos.—The market is firm one thousand
i bales were sold to-'Jay. Flour is improving
I State $9 25: Ohio $9 37J. Wheat is also io
I moving. Coin is firm at SI.OO.
1 Washington, Nov. 16.—The State depart
ment has received by the Pacific a dispatch from
Mr. Buchanan, unequivocally denying that he
had made a tender of the sympathy of the Uni
ted States in favor of tne Allies. The Admin
istration is under no apprehension of a rupture
with England.
The Secretary of the Navy withheld the in
structions to Commodore Paulding, until the ar
rival of the Pacific, and in consequence of the
receipt of official intelligence trom England as
suring our Government that the dispatch ot a
British squadron to the West India station, has
no relerence to Central American matters, nor
any object hostile to the United States, only one
vessel of the home squadron will proceed to
Nicaragua, and that the flag ship Potomac, w ith
Commodore Paulding in charge of the general
interests of the United States.
New York, Nov. 17.—Cotton is firm and the
sales to day comprised 5500 bales. Business is
checked in consequence of the lightness of the
stock. Fair Sugar is worth from 6ja6Jc. per
p end.
New York. Nov. 16 —By an arrival here we
have later advices trom Rio—to the 10th ot Oc
tober.
Coffee was firm and selling at .">yooo to5)500
Vessels were leaving Rio in ballast on account
of high ptices. The stock of Coffee on hand
was reduced to 50,000 bags.
Flour nominal at 30). Large arrivals.
| ICorrespondcnce of the Cons'.Uutionalist ]
GEORGIA LEGISLATURE.
Milledgeville, Nov. 16, 1855.
SENATE.
The Senate met 10 o’clock, A. M. Upon
reading the journals, Mr. Fambro, of Upson
movtd to re-consider so much of the proceed
ings of yesterday as concerns the Dougherty
County Railroad bill, and supported his motion
id a speech against the bill. The motion met
the opposition of Messis. Peeples, of Clarke and
Baxter, of Hancock. The motion was lost.
Mr. Atkinson, ot Camden, moved the re-conJ
sideration of yesterday’s action relating to the
bill creating Brunswick (Judicial) Circuit. The
vote ol the Senate on the motion to re-consider
stood, ayes 67, r-avs 32.
Mr. Miller, of Richmond, moved to reconsid
er the action of the Senate making the consid
oration of the bill for the pardon of Boyd the
order ol the day for VZednesday next. Agreed
to.
The counties were called and the following
bi<ls introduced:
Mr. Bell, of Warren—A billtoallow the Jus
tices ot the Inferior Court of Warren county to
increase the county tax.
By Mr. Bloodworth, of Carroll—A bill to
amend the Ca Sa laws.
By Mr. Cone, of Greene—A hill to amend the
Penal Code, so as to accurately define the crime
of murder and provide for punishing the same
By Mr Dabney, o! Gordon—A bill local in
its nature and not distinctly understood.
By Mr. Fambro—A bill to allow the Ordina
ry of Upson county to pay tuition fees to teach
ers ol poor cl ililren without the ordinary lor
mall ties.
By Mr. Cone, of Greene—A bill for the relief
ot James H. Fannin, of f’roup county.
Mr Gibson of Pike—Chairman of the Judi
ciary Committee, reported in favor of tbe pas
sage rd a bill altering the statute of limitations
—Also a bill for extending the statute of Frauds
and Perjuries to sales and gilts of slaves:—Also
a bill to define the liability of Railroad Compa
nies; and against the bill for the execution of
tbe will of George M. Waters.
Mr Head of Macon—A bill allowing .Uptba
Mott to peddle without license;—Also a bill for
the relief of Sarah J. Compton.
By Mr. Hill of Harris—A bill to compel the
Ordinaries in this State to ke**pa record oi let
ters of administration, Testamentary and Guard
ianship by them issued.
By Mr. Jeter ol Marion—A bill to allow tbe
examination of Physicians by interiogatories
and Commissions.
Bv Mr. Lott, of Cuff'e— A Resolution requiring
the National Flag to be raised over the Capitol
during the Session of the Legislature.
By Mi. Mclntosh, of Elbert—A bill to incor
porate an Academy in Elbert County.
By Mr. McMillan, ot Habersham—A bill to
incorporate the North Eastern Railroad: Also
a bill to change tbe Ist Section of tbe 3rd Arti
cle of the Constitution
By Mr. Miller of Richmond—A bill to protect
married women in the use of their estates: a
bill to change the liabilities of Executors, Ad
mimatiators and Trustees: also a billtoallow
J ru'lees. Guardians, Administrators and Execu
tors to convey property held by them in n Fidu
ciary character: also a memorial from lhe citi
zens ol Richmond County.
By Mr Murphy, of DeKalb—A bill to alter
the J 9th Section ot tbe ht A’tide of the Consti
tution ol Georgia,
By Mr. Morris, of Murray—A bill to prevent
the diiviijj* of cnttle during the months of July,
Amzust, September and October, through the
Conrities of Mutiny arid Whitfield.
By Mr. Peepfox, of Clarke—A bill abolishing
imydisor.merit lor debt, except in certain cases.
Also, a bill to preserve i.nd dispose of the effects
id corporations idler their dissolution.
By Mr. Rudisill, of Washington—A bill to
incorporate the Sandersville Hotel Company.
By Mr. Shropshire, of Chattooga—A bill to
compel Executors, Administrators arid Guardians
who take notes with security Io Have them re
newed within twelve months after i bey fall due,
or to bring suit on the same in three mouths
lb* reaffer.
By .41. Smith, of Jones—A bill to reorganize
tbe CcngrexHional Districts'ril this State.
By Mr. Swinnev, of Kinchafootiee*—A local
bill relating Io ceitain election precinct*.
()n motion of Ml. Pope, rd Wilkr-, Messrs.
Chid..*, were added to tn« Judiciary <,*hi’huih««.
On motion ol Mr. Peeples, ol Clarite, Mr.
Long, of Glynn, wav «übr,'if uteri for Guery, of
Raudolpli, on the Committcn on Education, and
Mi. G m ry.jol Randolph, for Mr. Long,of Glynn,
<n. ’hi* Cornmi'tee on Printing.
The bill for ib<- pardon of John T. Boyd was
made the special order ol the day for to-morrow.
The Senate adjourned until 10 o’clock, a. m.,
to-morrow
HOUSE.
Novemrkk, 16th.—Mr. McConnell of Catoo
sa, moved to reconsider so much ol yesterday’*
action as related to the Bill prohibiting th- dri
ving of cattle through Cotoosa. Walger, Gilmer,
Pickens and other upper comities. The mo
tion was »eco..<!ed by Dr. Phillips ot Haber
sham, and a •bort »|>eecb follow <1 by Mr. Jones
of Muscogee. The question wa* put and the
motion sust-iined. The bill was taken up and
referred to a special Committee ol five.
Mr. Ward offered a resolution referring cer
■ i-.p r'ioi, <>f 11,n Executive message to ttso
Committee on Public Printing,
The refioita of various Committees to whom
private bill* bad been referred was presented.
Mr. Jones wa . added to tbe Judiciary Com
mittee on motion of Mi, Irwin ot Wilke*.
Committees were called, and bill* reported a*
follow's: By Mr Mobley, ol Appling—A bill
to incorporate Holmesville, Lodge No. 195, of
Free and accepted Masons.
By Mr. Lawton, of Chatham—A bill to re
duce the number ol Jurors to compose a Coro
ners Inquest in Chatham county.
By .Mr. Terhune, of Floyd—A hili to amend
f he laws of this State, in relation to imprisonment
for debt.
By Mr. Wood, of Fannin—A bill to change
the organization of the Inferior Court* of this
State, so as to vest its pawes it; one Judge, who
is to exercise the present duties of the Ordinary,
with a salary of two hundred dollars, and per
quisites.
By M.;_ Burnett, of Glynn—A private bill.
i«lr. Hanis, of Fulton—A bill to incorporate
I ,! .‘.e Atlanta Gas Light Company.
■ Mr. Dawson, ol Greece—A bill for the relief
I of Margarett Marchman.
I Mr. Smith, of Hancock—A bill to consolidate
j certain election precincts in the bill named.
| Mr. Hale, of Henry—A bill to provide for
making out and returning lists of poor children
to the Ordinary.
Mr. Mathews, of Houston—A bill to organ
ize a new county from Houston. Crasvford and
Macon counties.
Mr. Jones, of Lowndes—A bill to lay out a
new county, from the counties of Troup and
Heard.
Mr. Jones, of Muscogee—A bill to incorpo
rate the Columbus Fire Company, No. 4.
Also a bill to incorporate the Columbus Iron
Works Company.
Mr. Thornton, of Muscogee—A bill for the
sale of the Western and A’lantic Railroad.
Two hundred copies of the bill were ordered to
be printed.
Mr. Kirkpatrick, of Spaulding—A bill to
change the time of holding the Inferior Courts
of Spaulding county.
Mr. Smith, of Tatnall—A local bill re’erring
to Courts of Ordinary in Tatnall r uunty.
Mr. Irvin, of Wilkes—A Bill defining the La
bility ot husbands for the contracts of tl..*w ?e
made before marriage, to such amount as the
property possessed by the wife at the time ot
marriage, may be worth. Bill read a third time
A Bill appropriating eight hundred dollars to
each ot several counties in the bill named for
Academic purposes. Referred to the Commit
tee on Education a second time.
A Bill to define the county line between the
1 '.ountics of Mclntosh and Liberty. A substi-
