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THE FEDERAL UNION,
( Corne.rof Hancock and IVilkinsonstreets.)
OPPOSITE THBCOUBT HOl’SE,
tmCHTOI, IfISBET & CO., State Printers.
Taesday Morning, November 7, 18G5.
Bon, Charles J. Jeakin* for (■•Tcrnor,
It is generally understood that Judge Jenkins
will have no opposition as a candidate for Gover
nor of Georgia. It was not rite desire of Judge
Jenkins to leave the high and honorable position
be now holds, as a Judge of the Supreme Court
of the State, much less was it his preference to
exchange the comparatively quiet and peaceful
life of a Judge on the Bench, for the head of a
State just delivered from the throes of a Revolu
tion. But the unanimity with which the call was
made upon him, and the earnestness with which
the position was urged upon him by personal
friends, induced him to make a sacrifice of bis
own feelings and predilections, and accept the
proffered honor. We bespeak for him, in the dis
charge of the laborious, difficult and responsible
duties of the office, to which ho will, in all proba
bility, be called, that liberality, forbearance and
confidence, which a truly ju6t and honorable con
stituency shonld ever accord to the Executive of
the State in times of public and private calamity.
The Democratic Party will not chaugr its
name, or ita principles.
Our neighbors of the Recorder propose that all
of the old parties shall change their names, and
all who support President Johnson shonld rally
under the name of the Constitutional party. The
editors of the Recorder can speak for their owp
party: it has changed its name many times within
the last twenty years, and may change again as
often as they please, bet they have no right to
speak for the Democracy, and wo feel confident
of the truth of what we assert when we say, the
Democratic party will not change its name, or its
principles. The country has been shaken with a
great political eartbquakedt needs qnietand repose;
the Democracy see and know this, and they have
determined that the country shall not be disturb
ed with political contests at this time, even if they
have to let their old political opponents engross
all of the offices to keep them quist. But the
Democracy are not dead, nor do they sleep; they
are only resting from their labors, and cherishing
all of their favorite principles. It needs only the
rallying cry of their favorite chieftains to arouse
.viceliag if (he Lcgiilaisr*,
Tlie Legislature will assemble at Miiledgevilie
on tbe 1st Monday in December next, which is the
4th day of the mouth. While it was the opinion
of some that the time fixed for the elections in the
State, and for the meeting of the Legislature, was
too near at hand fur the people, in distant parts of
the State, to make a jndh-ious selection of Sena
tors and representatives, yet it was the opinion of
a large majority of the Convention that the State
had been delayed, unnecessarily, too long in the
return to the Union, and that it was very import
ant that the Legislature should be convened be
fore Christmas. These latter considerations out
weighed all othera in the judgment of the Con
vention, and determined its action. We do not
apprehend any unpleasant or injurious results
from the course pursued by the Convention. The
canvass will be short—so will the antagonism of
rival candidates. That as much intelligence, pa
triotism and public virtue will be secured as here
tofore, we have every reason to believe, because
the people .are not slow to make up their judg
ment on the qualifications of members who solicit
their suffrages, when tha subject is fairly present
ed to them.
Jefftruss Davis sal the ltaliaas.
We fiud in the Northern papers of late date, a
petition from Garabaldi, Tomageo, and three hun
dred other distinguished men of Italy, to Presi
dent Johnson, begging, in the name of humanity,
for clemency towards Jefferson Davis. The ap
peal is eloquently written, and will, we think,
touch the heart of the President, and help to bring
about the pardon of onr late distinguished chief
tain.
i> (he Ntgra’i friead t
We have the authority of two importanfpar-
sonages. President Johnson and Rev. Henry Ward
Beecher, on the subject of the Negro’s attitude
toward the white men of the South. President
Johnson in his interview, a few days ago with
Mr G eorge L Stearns, says,
‘•My position here is different from what it
would be if 1 was in Tennessee
There I should try to introduce negro suffrage
gradually; first those who had served in the army;
those who could read and write, and perhaps a
property qualification for the others, say $2u0 or
.$•250.
It will not do to let the negroes have universal
suffrage now; it would breed a war of races.
There was a time in the Southern States when
the slaves of large owners looked down upon non
slave owners because they did not own slav.s;—
the larger the number of slaves tbeir masters own
ed, the prouder they were, and this has produced
hostility between the mass of the whites and the
negroes The outrages are mostly from non-
slaveholdiug whites against the negro, and from
the negro upon the non slaveholding whites.
The negro will vote with the late master whom
he does not hate, rather than with the non-slave
holding white! whom he does hate. Universal
suffrage would create another war against us, but
a war of races.
Mr Beecher, in a sermon in Brooklyn on the
evening of the 22nd of Octoher, said-He believ
ed that every measure for the amelioration of the
black race must be done with the cordial consent
of the good people of tbe Sonth.
ing of laws by the government would never bet
ter their condition. The kindness of the white
Tbe Staee Debt.
A man must be a great fool if he believes that
by repudiating tbe State debt Georgia will be ad
mitted to all her rights as a State in the Union.—
It is not a question at all with the Chase and Wil
son party of the North. What do they care about
Georgia’s paying ber debt ? It is the negro suf
frage question that is going to keep out of
Congress, ana we may repudiate every dollar of
tbe State debt and yet be kept out in the cold--
What can President Johnson do for us, in that
eftse? He asks us to repudiate our debt—can he
give ns any assurance that by so doing we will
get our rights ? Not a bit of it. He is power
less—he is in a hopeless minority, as much so as
we would be if our memberes were admitted —
Why then sacrifice our honor, and bankrupt thou
sands of good and honest citizens for no equiva
lent whatever ? Don’t do it.
When tbe Convention first assembled, a large
majority were in favor of settling the debt in a
manner that would have been just to ersditors and
honorable to the State. The dispatches from
Washington have doubtless had an effect that is
gratifying to repudiators. But we presume no
one will pretend that the President requires that
that part of the debt which was created for peace
purposes should be repudiated.
Ha redaction *f tbe Legislature.
The Convention, by a very decided majority, on
Thursday refused to entertain the proposition to reduce
the House of Representatives. While many desire to
reduce the lower house of the General Assembly, no
plan could be fixed on that would satisfy a majority of
the Convention. The General Assembly, therefore,
stands as it did under the old constitution;—that is,
there are Forty-four Senatorial districts, arranged as
heretofore, and one hundred and sixty-nine members of
the House of Representatives. This was one of the
most important subjects which has been before the
Convention, and the discussion elicited, was able and
interesting.
The Cotton of the Stale.
A Resolution on the subject of the Cotton purchased
during the War, by the State, and appointing a com
mittee of seven to inquire into the whole matter, and
if necessary send for persons and papers, was adopted
by the Convention on Thursday last.
■■■♦—
Mb. ITartridge’s Card.—We invite attention to
the Card of A. S. Hartridge, Commission and For
warding Merchant, Savannah, Ga. Mr. Hartridge has
been engaged in the Cotton business since 1848, when
his Father, Chas. Hartridge, well known to the people
of Georgia, was the head of the house. Since 1853,
Mr. A. S Hartridge has done business on his own ac
count. Mr. H. has always done a heavy Planters’
business, and it is only necessary to inform our readers
that he continues the busiuess at 92 Bay street, Savan
nah.
Chas, L Coi.by &, Co.—Attention is called
to the Card of this large business House in Sa
vannah. Its advantage* are great, and its ac
commodations will be liberal.
Georgia Contention*
Fifth day.
Milledof.ville. Oct. 30,1865.
Tbe Convention met at 1H A M . and was open
ed with prayer by the Rev. Win. Flinn, pastor of
>be Presbyterian church in this city.
Mr. Seward, of Thpmas: Mr. President, I beg
leave to offer a resolution.
Resolved. That bis Excellency, the Provisional
Governor, be requested to communicate to the
Convention, at any time, any facts in his posses
sion that he may de»-m of public interest
The resolution wa» adopted
Mr. Anderson, of Chatham: I beg leave to
present from the committee of 5 appointed to
memorialze tbe President in reference to the par
don of political prisoners, the following report:
Mili.rdgkvil.LE. Oct. 30th, J865.
To His Excellency, Andrew Johnson,
President of the United States:
The delegates of the State of Georgia, in Con
vention assembled, do earnestly invoke the Exe
cutive clemency in behalf of Jefferson Davis and
Alexander H Stephens, and James A. Seddon of
Virginia, A. G. McGrath of South Carolina, Alli
son and Davk. Yulee of Florida, and H W. Mer
cer of Georgia, now confined as prisoners, simi
larly circumstanced.
Your Excellency has been pleased to restore Mr.
Stephens to his liberty. ' He returns to the grate
ful people of this State, as a solemn pledge of the
magnanimity which rules the public councils;
and his great name and influence will be potent
to revive the amity of the past, and to frnctity the
wise and generous policy which your Excellency
has inaugurated.. Emboldened by this example,
impelled by the purity of our motives, and stim
ulated by tbe prayers of a numerous people, we
appeal for clemency in behalf of tbe distinguish
ed persons we have named. Restore them to lib
erty and to the embraces of their families; trans
late them from captivity to the light of freedom
and hope, and the gratitude of the prisoners will
be mingled with the joyful acclamations which
shall ascend to Heaven from the hearts of this
people.
Jefferson Davis was elected to his high position
by oar suffrages, and in response to our wishes —
We imposed upon him a responsibility which he
did not seek. Originally opposed to the sectional
policy to which public opinion, with irresistible
power, finally drove him, be became the exponent
of our principl s and tbe leader of our cause. He
simply responded to the united voice or his sec
tion If he then, is guilty, so are we; we were
the principals, he was our ageut. Let not the
retribution of a mighty nation be visited upon bis
bead, while we, who urged him to his destiny, are
suffered to escape. The liberal clemency of the
government has been extended over us; we
breathe the air and experience the blessings of
freedom; we therefore ask that the leader, who,
in response to the democratic instincts of his na
ture the principles of hi* party, and the solitita-
tions of his section, became the head and front of
our offending, shall not now be bruised for our in
iquities or punished for our transgressions.
Mr. Davis was uot the leader of a feeble and
temporary insurrection: he was the representa
tive of great ideas and the exponent ot princi
ples which stirred arid consolidated a numerous
and intelligent people. This people was not his
dupe. They pursued the cause they adopted of
their own free will, and he did not draw them on,
but. followed after them. It is for these reasons
that we invoke the Executive clemency in his be
half. His frame is feeble; his bealth is delicate ;
all broken by the storms of State; he languishes
out in captivity a vicarious punishment for the
acts of his people. Thousands of hearts are
| people of the South toward the black is of more
them, from the mountains to the seaboard. And j th * n a » the laW8 of the n8tl0n P Ut t0ge,h '
whenever the Democracy arises in its might and I er -
puts forth all of its strength, it drives every mush This is strong language ° r r - ecer.an»
. . , is the truth. 3 he best friend the negro has in this izen the required time,
room party before it as dry leaves are driven by a i .... _,, •
xr a *1. a , • c I country. North or South, is bis late majter. It he
Under the delusive cry of no nar-1 ’
91st Nrnnj^rinl Diatriet.
It will be seen by reference to our advertising col
umns, that Col. E. S. Griffin of Twiggs county, is a
candidate to represent the vilst Restrict. He has been j touc hed with his distress, thousands of prayers
The mere pass- j a gallant soldier, and is an experienced Legislator. ■ ascend to Heaven for his relief We invoke in his
EF'Gen. Fhil Cook is a candidate for Congress ' ! '‘ htlt the generous exercise of the prerogative to! poW0 r of those parsons who made the attempt has
. .. ° pardon which the foiu> and principles of the Con | u;*en crashed, and now we want to reconstruct the
in the 2nd Congressional District. stitution offer as a beiofieent instrument toa mer- j State governments, and have the power to do it.—
cerl'u! Executive. We ask the continuance ot! I’iie State institutions are prostrated, laid out on the
uud, and they must be taken up and adapted to the
’ may direct. I now offer the report of the oommit-
tee eo the ardinanoe.
The ordinance was ‘hen taken np and adopted.
The ordinance suapends the levy and sale of pro
perty till the adjournment or the next session ot
the Legislature, unless sooner permitted by that
bodv.
— ■ —■
Interview with President '-Jahassa.
Hit Governmental Policy.
[The following letter and statement, from Major
Geo. L. Stearns, of Bostou, appeared in the New
York Tribune a few days since, it will be r ad with
interest, as the statement of President Jolieson’s po! : cy
is made after being received by himself and with his
approval.—Eds. Telegraph.]
Major Stearnet to the President.
Medfoud. Mass., Sunday Oct. 8th, 1865.
My Dear Sir : 1 waa so much impressed with our
conversation of last Tuesday, that I returned immedi
ately to iny room and wrote down such of the points
made as I oould- remember, and having pomlere 1 them
all the way borne, am to day, more than ever, con
vinced that, if corrected by you and returned to me for
either public or private use, it will go far to promote a
good understanding between you and our leading
men.
It will also unite the public mind in favor of your
plan, so far at least as you would carry it out without
modification.
You are aware that I do not associate much with
men in political life, but rather with those who, repre
sentiug the advanced moral sense of the country, ear
nestly labor for the good ot our people, without hope
of, or even desire for office, or oilier immediate re
ward. Tile latter class desire earnestly to understand
your plans, and, if possible support y oar administra
tion.
1 think the publication of yoor process of recon
struction, with tbe reasons lor your faith in it, will
commend itself to their cainlid judgment, and: as I
told you, inspire onr whole Northern people with con
fidence in your administration.
The report is meagre and unsatisfactory, but I think
it conveys, for the most part, the spirit of onr eonvor
sation. Therefore, although the whole tenor of your
words led me to believe it was not intended to be kept
private, I have restrained from answering the specific
inquiries of anxious friends, whom I met on my way
home, lest I might, in somu way, I save a wrong im
pression on their minds.
Truly, your friend,
George L. Stearns.
The President of the United State*
Washington, D C., Oct. 3,1865,
111-3 A. M.
I have just returned from an interview a ith Presi
dent Johnson, in which he talked for an hour on the
process ol reconstruction of rebel States.' His manner
was as cordial, and hie conversation as free, as in 1863,
when 1 met him in Nashville.
His countenance is healt.ij , et en more so than when
I first knew him.
I remarked that tbe people of the North were anx
ious that the process of reconstruction should be
thorough, aud they wished to support him in the ardu
ous work, but their ideas were confused by the con
flicting reports constantly circulated, and especially
by the present position of the democratic party. It
is industriously circulated in the democratic clubs that
he was going over to them. He laughingly replied —
“Major, have yon never known a man who for many
years had differed from your views because you were
in advance of him, claim them a3 his own wlaen he
came up to your stand-point 7”
I replied I have often. Hr said so have 1, and went
on : the democratic party fit. is its old position unten
able, and is coming to ours ; if it lias come up to our
position, 1 ain glad of it. You and I need no prepara
tion for this conversation ; we can talk freely on this
subject for the thoughts are familiar to us; we can be
perfectly frank with each other. He then commenced
with saying that the States are in the Union which is
whole aud indivisible.
Individuals tried to carry them out, but did not suc
ceed, as a rnuu may try to cut his throat and tie pre
vented by the bystanders; aud yon cannot say he cut
his throat because he tried to do it.
Individuals may commit treason, and be pnnished.
and a large number of individuals may constitute a
rebellion, and bo punished as traitors. Some States
tried to get out of the Union, and we opposed it hon
estly, because we believed it to be wrong; and we
have succeeded in putting down the rebellion. The
Th* CaafedsnM* Debt
Some vague talk has b'enhad
by the failed States of the on,!, nt '^1—- i
tiw been pnuh poohed at as anlabamrf®
absurd that is right aud has for Xy ■’ '
principle. T.«» theory of the Keder, ' i
party in the late war was that the fVnf’;‘ ,a j «. . I
ment never baa an existeuce-th at > Ovv
figment af a prurient secession fa DP ,! **' b m '.
in fat t was a civil war, and th.-u the nT'® 8 ' li 't »
were rebellious members of the U
Union. Had the rebe.hou been sui t -A. T '
eraey would have been recognized as C., •
nationality and would have been res ,
outside world tor its national obligation "o '
succeed. Who then is rerponrib;,, f . "«ti*ij;,:
of eleven States of the United State*v » -
or British Consul had been impra-,,/,. ** V.jj.
during the war, and the flag of eith. r ***<:*..
violated, where would their Governrw, ** imtj I
to for redress 1 Not the Confederacy,. 1,1 E ^|
recognised power, but to the United 8t»tL‘ t .* r(1 '' I
ed sovereignty over them. Why eoulj A* ’'-U f ,^1
ernments claim payment cf a loan to . ‘ 1
States by their citizeus upon the sain* °f i
atiswer to lie giv
these Southern
sovereigns and the United States Govern. •"' v, |
respoueible for their debts, hut the
s )
mighty wind. Under the delusive cry ot no par
ties, or new parties, tbe opponents of the Democ
racy always hope to get into power, and some
times succeed and hold it until the country be
comes tired ot their rule, and calls upon the D--
mocracy to turn them out. The name of the De
mocratic party is significant of its principles; it is
emphatically what its name implies, the paity of
the people. Every party North and South pro
fesses to be governed by the Constitution, so that
| does not befriend him, nobody will.
C^Some writer in the Atlanta Fra, suggests ‘ c i .. , ,, ,,
; that career of clemency which yonr Excellency
the name of Gen. John B. Gordon for Governor of, ^as begun and which alone, we earnestly believe.
Georgia. He is ineligible, not having been a cit- ] can secure the true unity and lasting greatness oi
! this nation. Dispensing that mercy, which is in
i ___ . , . ' culcated by the example of our great Master on
13^ A resolution, offered by Mr. Lloyd, W4S . high, your name will be transmitted to yourcoun
■ adopted by the Convention, praying the President {trymen as one of the benefactors of mankind.—
of the United States, to pardon Commodore Josiah • Yhe ^ Constitut on of our country renewed aud
The Dispatches of Governor Johnson «o j Tatnall, and restore to him the small amount of! by your measures, will once more extend
the ives.deni and Mr. (Seward. | property he possessed at the time he resigned his lounde d, a, it will be, upon consent and affection.
As much interest is felt in this matter, we pnb- commission in the U. S Navy. ; an .I “resting, like the great arch of the Heavens,
lish below the dispatches of Provisional Governor , ^ T , ifl e)ection for Sute offi2er9 , in the Stale 1 "P ou R, 1 1 "
Johnson, callin" for help in his scheme ot repu-1 f . . . . ,, , 1 he memorial was unanimously agreed to.
diatiou" ^ , of New ’iork, took place Monday, 7th of Novem-; Mr Jenkiafl . Mr Pre , identf i t0 sub-
I bcr. j mit the following report from the Committee of
EF* Fred Douglass is down on Ward Beecher ]
like a thousand brick,” for his liberal views to-
\
Executive Office,
. , ,, . Miiledgevilie, Oct. 31,1865. ) j„.T" timn7«nThrt<.k ” fnr hi. »„ The Committee of 16, to whom waa referred the
a constitutional party would have no particular Gen il„ n en of the Convention : j ,,k « * thousand brick, for his liberal views to- me , 9R g P of the Provisional Governor, enclosing
meaning. Every man who wishes to rally to the J have the honor herewith to transmit to yon | ward President Johnson and the people ol the * communication from Brig. Gen. Tillson, Assist
support of President Jobuson’s policy, need not copies of telegrams sent by me on Friday last, to j South ant Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, and
"'"Vr T ’ b T E,C '" enC? ' ““I W Hon.-J.me, L. Off. Ims bm electa* 0«. >
Democratic. He has always been a Democrat.] The telegrams, and the replies to them before | ernor of Sonth Carolina, by the popular vote. j ing resolution:
and as long at he acts upon Democratic princi-1 communicated, exhibit all the official intercourse I A TTr t ^ _. ' Resulted by the Convention, That the wise and
pies that party will support him. In a late speech ] I have had with the Government or any of its offi
in New York, Gen. Slocum well and truly remark-1 cers in_relat;<>u to the debt of Georgia
13*“ A Western paper says Gen. Grant's name
liberal proposition of Brig. Gen. Tills in, Ass is t-
(Signed)
J. JOHNSON,
Prov. Gov. Ga.
(COPY.)
To Hon. W. n. Seward, Secretary of State,
Washington, D.C.
We are pressed on the war debt. What should
the Convention do 7
J. JOHNSON,
Prov. Gov. of Ga.
[copy]
To His Excellency, Andiew Johnson, President,
U. S., Washington, D. C.
We need some aid to reject the war debt.-*-
Send me some word on the subject. What should
the Convention do 7
J. JOHNSON,
Prov. Gov. of Ga.
ed “that many of the Republicans professed to
support the President, but that they only acted
from interested motives, tbe only true and faithful
friends tbe President had were to be found in the
ranks of the Democratic party.” This is no doubt
true, so far as the North is concerned. We agree
with the Recorder in the opinion that there should
be but one party now at the South. The great
party at the North that is rallying around the
President and supporting his policy towards the
Sonth, is the Democratic party. If our neigh-!
bors of the Recorder wish to support President
Johnson they had better join the Democracy at
once; for they may rest assured that his patty
North and South wili eventually be called the De
mocratic party.
I EsPThe following resolution as amended be
Trial OF Mr. Davis.—Northern dispatches I lovv > passed tbe Convention on Monday. It was
say that it has been determined, finally, to bring ; recommended by the committee of sixteen ;
on the trial of Mr. Davis for “treason”, in a very ! Resolved by the Convention, That the wise and
short time. He will be tried in a civil court and liberal P ro P ositlon of Brigadier Gen. Tillson, As-
-r * i i A ™ . . sistant Commissioner of the Freed men s Bureau,
it is thought the trial wil. take place at Washing j t0 employ certain oftker8 of this State as agents
ton City, or at Richmond. Well, if it must come, j of said Bureau to adjust difficulties between the
the sooner the better, in order that public and pri- ! white and colored people of this State, and to
• maintain the poiiee of the country, be and the
same is hereby accepted, and it is hereby ordain
ed by this Convention, that the. Justices of the
Peace. Ordinaries and all other civil officers or
unofficial citizens of this State, are hereby author
ized to perform such services as may be designa
ted by said agent in adjusting difficulties between
the white and colored population cf this State, in
maintaining the police of the country, and other
similar matters, whenever requested so to act by
said superintendant.
Mr. Hook of Washington : Mr. President—I beg
leave to introduce the following amendment:
Provided that nothing in this ordinance con
tained. shall be understood iu any wise to in licate
the views of this Convention as to the character
of witnesses hereafter to be admitted in certain
cases. It being the judgment of this body that
this is a matter of Legislative cognizance only.
Cougrrw*.
Candidates are springing up by mRgio, a* it were.
Already we see the names of three gentlemen pro
posed in this District, the 4th ; Judge Cabauiss, Judge
Loclirane, and l’owliatnu It. Whittle Esq. We be
lieve Baldwin will have no candidate in' the field.—
Mr. Whittle has retired in favor of Judge Cabauiss.
Ilou A. II. 8lrpbraa.
The name of this distinguished son of Georgia has
been proposed by the Telegraph, as a candidate for
Governor of Georgia. We do not believe Mr. Ste
plians has yet given his consent to the uoe of his name,
in this connection; nor do we think he would be a can
didate against Judge Jenkins, whose nomination seem*
t<> be very acceptable to the people. At any rate, if
Mr. Stephens has not yet decided to be a candidate,
we feel very confident he wil! not bo a candidate under
anv circumstances.
is not Ulysses, but Hiram. Let the Geuer- nut Commissioner of the Freedinen's Bureau, to
vate anxiety may be relieved.
John Mitchell—The N. Y. Daily News con
gratulates tbe country on the release of Mr. Mitch
ell from confinement, and the restoration of all
his rights, as a citizen of the United States. This
announcement may be premature; but we have
no doubt that the President will pardon Mr. Mitch
ell, if he has not already done so.
Judge* of the Muprrior Courts.
The Convention, on Wednesday last, adopted a
clause in the new Constitution of the State, alter
ing tbe present mode of electing Judges of the Su
perior Courts of this State. They are, hereafter,
to be elected by the people, instead of being nom
inated by the Governor, and confirmed by the
Senate.
As it is too late to discuss the merits of this rad
ical change in the Constitution, we can only ex
press the hope that the results will meet the ex
pectations of its advocates and supporters. The
proposition met with very little opposition in the
Convention, which was a matter of great surprise
to us.
Til* Judge* *f the the (Supreme Court.
Under the new Constitution of the State of
Georgia, the Jadges of the Supreme Court are
elected by the Legislature. This, as in the case
of Jadges of tbe Superior Courts, is an innovation
on the system of nomination by tbe Governor,
and confirmation by the Senate. Tie have now
got back into tbe old objectionable plan of ma
king onr Judiciary dependent upon the popular
caprice. Instead of advancing, we have retro
graded ; and the lessons of the past, instead of
ral speak ont, and settle the mooted question.
0^ The editor of the Watchman, at Athens,
Mr. J H. Christy, announces himself a candidate
for Congress in the 6th Congressional District-
CF*F. W. Alexander, Esq , is a candidate for
Congress in the 4th Congressional District.
0* Judge Bigham is a candidate for Congress
in the 3rd Congressional District.
Term of office of the Governor —Un
der the new Constitution, framed by the Conven
tion, the term of office of the Governor, is two
years. Ho can be re-elected for another term of
two years; but cannot be eligible again, until the
expiration of four years from the close of his
second term.
Savannah Hocses.—We invite the attention of oar
throwing light on the pathway of tbe present, | refers here and elsewhere, to tbe Card of E. D.
have but served to blind and confuse us, and will I wholesale dealer in Crockery Ware. It is the
pitch .us, ultimately, into evils, from which the ' onl y 111,080 ln Savannah that deals exclusively In erock-
bittar experience of the next ten years will be ! ery
powerless to extricate us We deeply deplore the ' We als0 cal1 attention to tbe Cftrd of Me ** r * Tison
action of the Convention, touching theElection 1 Faotor ® “ d ColflDli8 * ioa ^Merchants, ^8avaa.
of our Judges, both of tbe Supreme Court,
be Superior Courts of this State.
HP’Hon. Solomon Cohen of Chatham
county it a candidate for Congreee, in the
First Congressional District of this State.
t The Tribune's special says the state-
lection j niki These gentlemen are long and favorably recently telegraphed to the Herald.
nf: known to the public, and will do to trust with any j about Jeff. Davis’trial is without foun-
Cholera at the North —The New York
papers announce the Cholera has made its appear
ance in Brooklyn, and that Seargant Stilwell of
the Police had been prostrated with the disease
IWnjor General Blair.
Major General Frank Blair recently made a speech
at ltolla. Mo. in which he denounced tiie Radicals and
Secretary Stanton. lie favors Colonization of the
Negroes, and is for the extension of the Amnesty. V.'e
will publish it next week.
—
C*agre**i*aal Diatriet*.
According to the recent ordinance passed by the
Convention dividing the State into Congressional Dis
tricts, the following are the number of counties and
representative population attached.
No. Counties. Rep Population
1st District. - - - 29 123,583
2nd “ - - 23 124,034
3rd “ - - 15 134 533
4th “ ... 15 123,127
5tb “ ... 15 125,539
fith ... 21 123,640
7th “ ... 14 124,856
—
The new Constitution.—We have
been unable to procure a copy of the Con
stitution of the State of Georgia, adopted
by the Convention, in time for our pres
ent issue. We have elsewhero noticed
many of its leading features. We wili
publish it in full, in our next issue. With
a few exceptions, it is the old Constitution
of the State, ante helium.
Mr. Stephens Declines.—We find in
the Constitutionalist, a correspondence
between Col. John Milledgo, and Hon.
A. H. Stephens, frem which we learn [
that Mr. Stephens declines the use of his | ““l.
name, as a candidate, to represent the 5th Advance to L H. Briscoe. Sec’y
K
employ certain officers of this State as agents of
said Bureau, to adjust difficulties between tbe
white nnd colored people of this State, and to
maintain the police of the country, be and tbe
same is hereby accepted, aud it is hereby ordain
ed by this Convetion, that the Justices of the
Peace. Ordinarins and all other civil officers or
unofficial citizens of this State, are hereby au
thorized to perform such services as may be de
signated by said agent in adjusting difficulties be
tween the white and colored population of this
State, in maintaining the police ot the country,
and other similar matters, whenever requested so
to act by said superintendent
Mr. Hook of Washington: Mr. President, I beg
leave to introduce the following amendment.
Provided that nothing in this ordinance contain
ed, shall be understood in any wise to indicate
tbe views of this Convention as to the character
of witnesses hereafter to be admitted in certain
cases. It being tbe judgment of this body that
this is a matter of Legislative cognizance only.
The amendment was adopted.
The ordinance was than passed.
Afternoon Session.
Milledueville, Oct. 30, 7865.
The Convention met at o’clock, P. M.
The following message from his Excellency,
Gov. Johnson, was received through bis Secreta
ry, L. H. Briscoe, Esq:
Executive Office,
Miiledgevilie, Oct. 30th, 1665
Gentlemen of the Convention :
I have the honor herewith to submit to yon,
showing the amount of the money r-ceived and
expended by me since entering upon tbe duties of
my office:
Borrowed of T. F. Metcalf, of Augusta, Ga , in
gold. $20,000 00
bearing interest at the rate of 7
per cent, per annutnn, and payable
in gold on the 6th day of Decem
ber. 1S56. or the 1st day of Decem
ber, 1867, at tbe election of the
Slate.
Borrowed of E. M. Bruce & Co.,
“ “ Augusta Manufactur
ing Company
Borrowed of J. M Newby,
•* “ <7. F McKay,
Cash of G. F. Cross, for cards sold,
Tl e gold received was so^d at a prem
ium of 46 12 per cent, making....
10,000 00
5‘000 00
2.500 00
5,000 00
2,00() 00
9,300 00
C ongressional District in tbe next Con- 1
gross of the United States.
Total $53,800 00
The last sums nsmed were received in cur
rency, and are to be paid in currency, and bear
interest at the rate of 7 per cent per annum from
the 6th of October, 1865, payable ont of-the first
available taxes collected.
The expenditures are as follows, to-wit:
Items in warrants iu Comptroller General’s Re
port $4,050 00
10 00
ser-
25 00
K r > 00
326 70
40 00
150 to
A. Caraker, work and material,
F. Williams, work on the State
House clock, •.
E. D. Btowu for lightwnod furnished
progress of events. This cannot be done in the mo
ment. We are making very rspid progress, so rapid
1 sometimes cannot realize it; it appears like a dream.
We must not be in too much of a hurry: it is better
to let them reconstruct themselves than to force them
to it; for if they go wrong, the power is in our hands
and we can check them at any stage, to the eml. aud
oblige them to cotrect their errors ; we must be pa
tient with them. I did not expect to keep oat all who
were excluded from the amucsty, or even a large num
ber of them, but I intended they should sue for pardon,
and so realize the enormity of the crime they had
committed.
You could have broached the snbject of equal suff
rage, at the North, seven years ago, and we must re
member that the changes ai the South have been
more rapid, and they have been obliged to accept more
unpalatable troth than the North has; we must give
them time to digest a part, for we caonot expect such
large nffair* will be comprehended ana digested at
once. We must give them time to understand their
new position.
1 have nothing to conceal in these matters, and have
no desire or willingness to take indirect course* to ob
tain what we want.
Our government is a grand nnd lofty structure ; in
searching for its foundations we find it rests 011 the
broad basis of popular rights. The elective franchise
is not a natural right, but a political right. lam op
posed to giving the States too much power, and also
too great consolidation of power in the central govern
meat.
If I tnterferred with the rote tn the rebel States to
dictate that the negro shall vote, / might do the tame
thing tor my own purposes in Pennsylvania. OUK
ONLY SAFETY LIES IN ALLOWING EACH
STATE TO CONTROL THE RIGHT OF VOTING
BY ITS OWX LAWS, and we have the power to con
trol the rebel States if they go wrong. If they rebel,
we have the army, and can control them by it, and, if
necessary, by legislation also. If the general govern
ment controls the right to vote, in the State it may
establish such rules as will restrict the vote to a small
number of persons, and thus create a central despot
ism.
My position here is different from what it would be
if I was in Tennessee.
There I should try to introduce negro suffrage gradu
ally; first, those who had served in the army; those
who could read and write, and perhaps a property
qualification for others, say $200 or $2d0.
It will do to let the negroes have universal suffrage
now, it would breed a war of race*.
There was a time in the Southern States when the
slaves ot large owners looked down upon non-slave
owners becanae they did not own slaves; the larger
the number of slaves their masters owned, the prouder
they were, and this has produced hostility between the
mass of the whites >md the negres. The outrages are
mostly from non-slaveholding whites against the ne
gro, and from the negro upon the non-slaveholding
whites.
The negro will vote with the late master, whom he
does not liate, rather than with the non-*laveholding
white, whom he does hate. Universal suffrage would
create another war, not against us, but a war of races.
Another thing. This government is the freest and
best on the earth, and I feel sure is destined to last,
but to secure this, we must elevate and purify the bal
lot. I for many years contended at the South that
slavery was a political weakness, but bthers said it
was political strength ; they thought we gained three-
fifths representation by it; I contended that we lost
two-fitths.
If we had no slaves, we should have had twelve
representatives more according to the then ratio of
representation by States, not districts, and the State
apportions of districts.
Many years ago I moved in the legislature that the
appointment of representatives to congress, in Ten
nessee, 'bould be qualified voters.
The appointment is now fixed until 1872; before
that time wo might change the basis of representation
from population to qualified voters, North as well as
Sonth, and in du« course of time the State, without
regard to color, might extend the elective franchise to
all who possess certain mental, moral, or such other
qualifications as might be determined by an enlighten
ed public judgment.
Boston, Oct. 18, 1865.—The above report was re
turned to me by President Johnson with the following
endorsement.
George L. Stearnes.
“I HAVE HEAR THE WRITTEN COMMUNICATION, AND
FIND IT RL OSTANTIALLr CORRECT.
I HAVE MADE SOME VERBAL ALTERATIONS.
(Signed; A. J.”
Heavy Gain in Ohio.—In Ohio the Black Repub
lican majority of 101,000 in 1863, of 60.000 in 1864, is
reduced to 20.000 now. A* the Cincinnati Enquirer
pays :—“It indicates the unconquerable vitality of the
Democracy that with such a load upon it, it should
have entered tbe campaign with energy and zeal. Any
other party would have abandoned the contest as
hopeless, and made a feeble and spiritless effort.”—
And it adds: “Had not the State Convention of the
Republicans dodged the issue of negro suffrage, and
th- Republican nominee for Governor taken an equivo
cal position on it—had they opeuly avowed their real
sentiments, they would, despite their previous majority
have been badly beaten
their citizeus upon the same .,1
be given t< > such a claim wou| u 1 * * ’ ] I
them States were separately i,r l ’ r *-T:.’*1
s and the United States Govem.„" ' ' I
.v* FW .'.-.ulo for their debts. Rut the ,».* I
United Slates has nullified both propt*j,jJ rfi > I
declared that the sole sovereignty reside*!tV' J
ton. Well, a sovereign is icsponsihL to . I
ereign for the money claims ot its f ttj/..,*’' T , 1
the origin of the French and Spanish in as 0I1 ".
now being finished by Napoleon alone. '
If the Government of the Unite.! State,,
knowledges theob igation as to foreign, i ° £l ' *0 I
reason is there in analogy and un.rg.h “Ui
its own citizens 7 Stranger thing* ha\- e ^ h ..
this assumption of tbe Confederate
to com or Federal money standard, p ;nav & d
through the workings of party interest* and 'o' 1 "’ U 1‘ I
HDCe of party powers. It may cmr.- up tli; v , Ut ? : &; -
viewed and enthusiastic American tint v u “ -I
ing n powerful impetus from the very violer.ee' '
lion, from fierce war to strenuous peace! ' l ' I
comes we aoprehend that the bad example cf A’ t? j
may leave Vier people “out in the .-old,' J
it may,and certainly it would do infinite h„ : „.
credit and sense of honor of the American Gov ert
and people abroad and dispose of the point eoi>
plaint at home, that while the South is mml,. iu
pay the Northern war debt, ner own is di-hnu,-.,
repudiated. That out of the way, another i,],*, .
magnet of attraction would fiiuily biud the r-
States together. We suppose that oiue hmuuv
ninety out of every thousand men in the count:
upon this idea as a preposterous and impossible',
bug. Yet we have seen the mustard-seed otn,
humbugs grow up in o realities —Mrbik Regu'tr*
Advertiser.
Trial ok Jetf. Davis.—New York, Oct.2r._TjJ
Herald’s Washington special says: General 11.... I
late Secretary to the President, is' ordered fc. 1
inand of his regiment.
General Grant has purchased and will refi:;
winter residence, a portion of the property know:
the Douglas Hospital.
The Herald states Jeff Davis is to be errairr-
simply oncharge of treason. Chas. Speed, fter H
scan, Juo. H. Clifford and Win Effrot, arc retain.-'.'
the Government as presecutingcounsel. Cims o (.
ner aud Chas. R. Gillett for the defence.
The Husband Seekers.—The nine iiutrired beau
fill nnd accomplished young ladies who were to
sailed for Washington Territory two weeks np.
Saturday are still piuing in the solitude of their V
England homes, and will probably continue to*
some weeks louger. Mr. Mercer the au,. llt 1
whom they are to seek homes and husbnims ,
glorious west expects to be ready to sail next N,
day, but it is just as likely that there will be a J I
protracted delay of a few weeks. It is iaiu that u*, : j I
all Hie young ladies (the oldest is only 23) ar,- ,,
educated, handsome, virtuous, energetic, in.instriuu*
and possessed of a sincere desire to improve their.
dition.” Many expect to become teachers when
reech their destination, but ns children are 1,1 1
to be very scaice in that region, it is probableU:I
several marriage ceremonies will take place bo ,
teaching begins. The agent has received vt-rai s- 1
plications for passage from women who lad 1
characteis at one time, but lost them; hut a,; i Jtl
have been rejected. The steamship fontiin'u.
which has been furnished by the Government to cv.
the “Surplus Massachusetts Virginity, ' as a V. - I
paper designates the female emigrants, is him I
.look preparing for the voyage, and the yo'unir Isdi-iI
are still at their home*. They will no: t.me to:.
city until the steamer is ready to sail.
Departure of Negro Troops from A;-1
lanta.—Several spicy incidents transpire: f
early yesterday morning as the train?I
were making ready 1o bear hence tliec i-1
ored treops who have been on duty he:-
Ouo “Dinah” believing that she had bee:
regularly mustered into the United Sts.- J
service, made every preparation to folb*
her liege lord iu his meanderings. To this 1
end she presented herself at the, train with
sevorel small “African tulips,” aval bag
gage of a character too varied for de
scription, and made anxious inquiries tor
her “Charles Agnstus !” We lost sigh:
of her in the excitement, and cannot say
if she found the object of her f earth; bu’.
an hour after the train bad gone she was
still lingering around the place We ar?
fearful that "Charles Augustus” has trilled
with her affections.
A gorgeously arrayed mulatto girl
18, with a “killing” balmoral and heavy j
display of jewelry, wanted to see “Ser
geant John Stephens,” and hurried frorr I
car to car in eager search, but the “ser
geant” was non est inventus. The whisnej
blew—the train started—and she
left for “concealment to feed on her dam
aged check!”—Atlanta Intelligencer.
: V-uiucM in their lina.
dfttion.
$4,636 70
JAB. JOHNSON,
Pro. Gov of Georgia.
Mr. Parrot: As one of the Committee appoint
ed to report on an ordinance which I had the
honor to introduce into the Convention, to sus
pend tbe sale of property levied on by sherifls un
der Mscntors- until suoh time as tbe Legislature
The Federal forces »'* the State.—A
Washington dispatch dated Oct. 24, says
that Governor Johnson, of Georgia, has
written to the President that he desires
the United States military forces in this
State to be retained. Whilst the State
is being organized, be wants the troops to
preserve order.
The Origin of the Fenians.—The Fenian
brotherhood has been in existence for the
past eight years. Its founders were t»o
of the Irish exiles of 1S4S Co 1. John
O’Mahoney and Mitcbel Doheny, both ot
whom are well known in the city. The
late General Corcoran was in conjunct^
with them. O’Mahoney was connected
with this movement in 1848, and though a
mere youth he influenced about kitten
thousand of tbe peasantry in the comity
of Tipperary, where be belonged, to en
camp upon the hills of that pbce. Ike
military surrounded and dispersed them
and O’Mahoney fled to France, where the
plans ol the future revolution.uy organic
tion were formed. After residing in I r8DCS
for a tew years, O’Mnborwy came ^
America, where, aided by Corcoran a--
Doheny, he started the Fenian Brotw-
hood organization. For live }’ ear ‘ s
brotherhood maintained a semi-secret f f
acter, spreading rapidly through"^
United States. Canada, and the
provinces, with a regular system • f
munication.
Three years ago a national conreu
was held in Chicago, and the P ur F 0 '^
the organization was boldly avo* et1 '
tbe spread of the movement was g re f_
then ever. The leaders of the | u-
are men who have taken downright re ^
’tion as the business of tbeir lives. ■ ,
honey, the Head Centre, is ackno^*^
even by his enemies, to be high .' c ^ j
ed, of a chivalrous nature, and 3 ® BtreS
great determination. The State g>
are nearly all wealthy
Many Catholic clergymen arein our .
and not very long ago a Genera*-“ c
ty, president of the Fenian mili' 3r .y. £ret ,
cil went arm in arm
the superior of the Jesuits, to k e V nj , r »l
nian procession in Washington. efg i
Meager is a member, and the late
a men
of
bis
Smith, of the Union anny. was
of the brotherhood at the ti® 8
Columbia, S. C., Oct. SO*-**
from all districts give Orr for t oit-
abont 500 majority over Wade ° t .r
Gov Perry was elected to-dsy -
for the long term. oO<4r »0c»
“Struck
ibflo- 1
„„ Ile.”—From the grea*y *PP^.
of many of the frsedmen about town. w»
judge they had reoantly “stniek Ue-