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THE MACON DAHA TELEGRAPH AND MESSENGER: WEDNESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER S, 1873. tylefiraph Ajgftssenfin \ I.. NKslIAT I * '■ ' l""' The President’s Message. The ■ thath my 1m ■Bydu I \ r r'UL bofjh** ng tli hxM it; been an eventful In tho iniiUt of grrn' a financial crisis ha brought low fortune* tioirn—political part ceased to exist, esp* tural regions. and finally, tl upon the high mm of ft our fl*g hf for a time threaten** »1 th** mo»t urious consequences, and a .' . tat*l the public rniml from one end of country to the other. But this happily jiow is in tho course of snU^fK-toiy a/1 j u^t* ment, honorable to both nations con- onal prosjM.,;* urred tli.it li. A'xnUc pr< p hip has aln o in tho agri .• u el 1ms , TIIK H\n>S ON 1K\A^ . ■' miiii--ionoraaj>j>oiiit.'l pursuant • a ti»»* autliontyof C<>ngr»*->s to examine • tli.* nature and extent of tho forays ' rv tiwpo.- • from that .-ountry upon the i r li of Texas have mado a r**i*ort whi h will !*♦* ^ ibmiUed for your consideration. « l.AIMs AGAIN." T \ I NK/.I F.LA. 'I”...- V. n. /';«*lan Government ha- b.*en inf : m ••i o f the -ense of Conu , r»*>s in re- :ar 1 t • th** awards of the Joint Couimis- ion mi i• r the Conr.-nti.m of tho 20th of A;• r ,1. ; t-xj.r.* •• 1 in th.- :*« t of th*- -.'•tiicf February lu-t. It i« apprrh*nd*.-d that '’.it Government does not realize the chsiacb r of it.^ obligation* under the Convention. A ~ there is reason to be- On the «th M (Vtolnt, 1^70, li am*; i*. i e»*iv.-d the certificate of h**r r- j. l-r in I the usual legal form, she sailed fo -.n the port <.f New Vo: k" an 1 ha- U * - • within the territoria 1 jurisdi Eon of the United State*. On the 3tet day of Octo ber last, while mailing under the flag of the United State-, on the high seas, she j was forcibly seized by the Spanish gun- lx»t Tornado an l wa^ . irri ^l into the port of Santiago de Cola, where many of iiL-r passenger! and crew were inhumanly and. far. it \ x ♦. a p lat- ’ , * who were citizens of the Lhout due pre United States, of law pyt to death. THE PRINCIPLE CONTRAVENED. It is a well established principle, 11 KOttKION RELATIONS. The relation* of tho Unit-a States, however, with DOit of the Ollier powers, continue to bo friendly and cordial. With France, Germany, Roada, It aly an<l the minor European power.—witJi I!null and mo»t of the South American. Republics— and with Japan, nothing has occurred during the year to demand lqccal notice. The correspondence between tho D.-part- ment of State and Tarious diplomatic rcproeentatiTC* in or from theao countries la transmitted herewith. Tin: Vienna Hxrosino*. In executing the will of Congress, as expr.s.od in its joint resolution of the Hth of Fehntary last, and in accordance with the provinious of the naolutions, a number of "practical artisan,," of “scion, tide men,” and of honorary commission, era win authorized to attend tho aition at Vicuna as < • .mmi-zioner-t Unit.il Staton. It is bellowed that w. have ohtainod tho objoct which Congress had in riew when it pMscd the joint resolution “in order to enable the ]i-cplo of the United States to participate in the advantages of the iiUcrnata>u..l exhihl* tion of the products of agriculture and manufacture*. at the fair which was to 1« held at Vienna.” I take phManx* in add ing tliat tho American exhibitors hare revived a gratifying number of diploma-, and medals. During the Kipoiition, a conference was held at Vienna for the purpose of consultation on tho systems providing in different coon trios for the protection of inventions. I authorised a representa tion from tho patent oflico to be pn . nt at Vionna at tho time when this confer ence was to toko place, in order to aid as fn its ho might, in securing any paniblo additional protection to American inven tors in Europe. Tho report of this agent will ho laid before Congress. CHINA. It la my pleasant duty to announce to Congress that the Euijicror of China, on attaining his majority, rcceiv.-d tho di plomatic representatives of the Western powers in person. An account of those ceremonies and of the interesting discus sions which preceded them, will bo found in the documents transmitted herewith. Tho accompanying papers show that some advance, although slight, has been made during tho past year towards the suppression of the infamous Chinese Coolie trade. I recommend C0n2re.fi to inquire whether additional legislation bo not needed on*those subjects. THE BRYriMI INDEMNITY MONEY. Tho ninnoy awarded to tho Unit 1 States by the tribunal of arbitration at Genera was paid by Her Majesty's Gov ernment a few days in advance of the timn when it would have become pay able according to tho terms of the treaty. In compliance with tho provisions of tho •etof Karoli s, 1871, it was aijoeoe paid into tho Treasury and used to redeem so far as it might, tho public debt of the United States; and the amount so doomed was invested in a fivo per cent, registered Imnd of the United States for $15,500,000, which is now held by the Secretary of State subject to tho future disposition of Congress. I renow my recommendation - moil e at tho opening of tho last session of Con- C ss, that a commission bo created for ptirposo of auditing and dotesrnintn the amounts of the ccveral direct loss, growing out of tho destruction of rot els and their cargoes by the Alabama, th Florida, or tho Shenandoah, after tearing htelKu.rne, for which the sufferers hare received ne .'.juivaleut or uumueruatinn nnd of ascertaining the names iff the per- sens entitled to rSOelro couijw’imation fi the taxnc, making tho compntationsupon tlio Uula imiiciitA.sl by tho tribunal of ar bitration at Gonova. nnd that payment of mxch 1 Oft AO* bo authorized to an extent not tooxooed.tho of tribunal a Gonova. IK! 1 l"ll \ N I * \MFUI» HOI NDAUV By an act approtod, 1th «1 tv of I\ hrn ary bmt CoogrMt mode provision for completinj; jointly with on officer or ■ mission, to l>e nauiotl by her Britanic Haiovty. tho doterolntm of so much of tho boundary line bi'tiroon thotorrl- tory of tho United State* and tho posso* •ions of Great Britain n* was loft iinconi- jdeted by tho commissioners appointed under tho not of Congress of August 11, 1S56. Under tho piovisionn of this act, the northwest boundary of tho United states has boon dotorminod and marked, in accordance with the award of tho Em peror of Germany. A probvol and ■, however, that it! hesitancy in rec- , r : l! . ■ • ginningif theirNatmaallndependonee- w ith its obligations toother ^Sod by Groat Britain and other maritime powers, and stated by the Sen ate in a resolution passed unanimou-ly on the lGtb day of Jane. 1858, that American vessels on the high sews, in time of peace, bearing the American flag, remain under the jurisdiction of the country to which they belong, and there fore any visitation,.molestation or deten tion of such vessel, by force, or by tho exhibition of force, on the part of a for. cign power, is in derogation of the rover eignty of tho United States. In accordance with this principle, the restoration of tho Virginias and tho re mainder of the survivors of her passen ger, and crew, and a due reparation to tho flag, and the punishment of the au thorities who had been guilty of the ille gal acts of violence, were demanded. SATISFACTION ACCORDED BY SPAIN. The Spanish government has recog- nixed the justice of the demand, and has arranged for the immediate delivery of the vessel and the surrender of the sur vivors of tho passengers and crow, and for a salute to the flag, and for proceed ings looking to tho punishment of those who may bo proved to have been guilty of illegal acts of violence towards citi zens of the United States, and also to wards indemnifying those who may bo shown to bo entitled to indemnity. A copy of a protocol of a conference be tween the Secretary of State and tho Spanish Minister, in which tho terms of this arrangement wore agreed to, is trans mitted herewith. Tho correspondence on this subject with tho legation of tho United States in Madrid was conducted in cypher and by cable, and needs the verification of the actual text of tho correspondence. It has seemed to me to be dne the import ance of the case not to submit this corre spondence until the accurate text could bo received by mail. It is expected shortly, and will be submitted when re- oeirod. ■ expediency of farther :ori>..,iran ■ on tmt part i< believed to bo worthy of your consideration. T1P.KKY AND EGYPT. The Ottoman government and that of L.'ypt have lately shown a disposition to relieve foreign consuls of the judicial powers, which heretofore they have excr- cised in tho Turkish dominions, by or gaairing oth.-rAribunals. As Congress, h > .'’ever, has by law provided for the dis ci. ... V of judicial functions by the con sills of the United States in that quarter, under the treaty of 1830, I have not fplt at liberty formally to accept the proposed change without tho assent of Congress, whose decision upon tho subject, at as early a period as may be - convenient, is earnestly requested. A DOMINICAN PROTECTORATE. I transmit herewith, for the considera tion and determination of Congress, an application of tho republic of Saint Do mingo to this Government to exercise a protectorate over that republic. RECENT TREATIES. Since the adjournment of Congress the | following treaties with foreign powers copy of tlie map upon which the lino i thus marked are contain,■,! in the papers uutnuitted herewith. I also transmit a copy of the report of the commissioner for marking tho bound ary between the United States and th, British possessions west of the Lake of the Woods, of the operations of tho com mission during tho past soaton. Surveys I s,, been ,,, ulc to a point w. 1 of the I. ike of the W,*•“!.'• le l'p 1 '.; alioiit 3(» miles to l*e surveyed. tBB field work of which can bo completed during the next season. THE MIXED COMMISSION. The Mixed Commission organised un der the provisions of the treaty of Wash ington for settling and dots nnining the claims of sititsca of cither power against tho other si i-iug out of acts committed against their pS . ,n. or property during the period between April J5!h, 1861, and April nth. 1868s made it-s final award on the Hath day of September last. It was awarded that the G vermueut of the Uni ted States should pay to the Government of hsr Britanie Majesty, within twelve months from tho da to of tho nward, the sum of $1,820,876 in goll. Tim Com mission disallow,vl or .lisiuisjrd all oilier claims of British subjects against tho Unitol States. The amount of tho claims presented bv the British ilovernment bat disallowed or dismissed is understood to bo iflout $‘.0,000,000. It also disal- lowed tho claims of eitisensof tho Unit,si States against Grant Britian which wwc referred to it. I reooaunend tho early passage of .in act appropriating tho amount necessary (o pay this award amriaattfce UnUeo 8M«a. , , . . I have caused to be eemmunicatod to the Government of tho Ring -f I Laly ihy thanks of this Government (''■ tho euu- l.ent M-rvivi-s r, a.ler.. 1 1-y Count , oiii ,- tlie third cunmis-iouer ,‘tt t ais e.. , .'.:iir.s. - ion. With dignitv. 1. arain : and impur- tiality he diechnrged duties requinug great’lalsjr mid constant patience, to the natisfactaaOi I believe, of both govern ments. a srih ;,.,,t ni >t : u v - I roeommend legislation t o’, il ,>,%•. to « ■ • of iml fhx'A 1-. ompowr: 1 , K> . I have been prorLrimed : A naturalization ■ 1 convention with Denmark—a convention with Mexico for reviewing tho Claims Commission—ro convention of friendship, oommercoand extradition with tha Orange Free State, and an naturalization con vention with Ecuador. APPOINTMENT OF TOSTMABTERS. I renew tho recommendation made in my measzage of December 18.1870, that Congress authorize the Postmaster Gen eral to issue all commissions to officials appointed through his department. LAWS OP EXPATRIATION. 1 invite tho earnest attention of Con gress to the existing laws of the United States respecting expatriation, and the election or nationaiity by individuals. Many citizens of the United States reside permanently abroad with their families, under the provisions of the act approved February 10,1B55. The children of such persons ore to be deemed and taken to be citizens of tho United States, but 'the rights of citizenship are not to descend to persons whoso fathers never resided in the United States. It thus happens that, persona who have never resided within the United States have been enabled to put forward a pre tension to tho protection of the United States against the claim to military ser vice of the Government under whose pro tection they wore born and reared. In sumo eases, even naturalized citizens of tho United Statos have rcturnod to the land of their birth with intent to remain thezo, and their children, tho issue of a marriage contracted then, after their re turn, and who have never been in tho United States, have laid claim to our protection, when tho lapse of many years had imposed upon them the duties of military service to the only government which had ever known them personally. Until tlie year 1SG8 it was left embar rassed by conflicting opinions of courts and of jurists to determino bow far tho doctrine of perpetual allegiance, derived from our farmer colonial relations with Great Britain, was applicable to Amer ican eitisens. Congrats then wisely swept these doubts away by onacting Oiat ” Any declaration, instruction, opin ion, order or decision of any officer of this Government which denies, restricts, im pairs or questions the right of expatria tion is inconsistent with the fundamental principles of this Government." But Congress did not imlicato in tliat slhliite.'nor lias it since done so, what acts are to be deemed to work uxpatria- For my own gnidonco in determining sudh questions, I required, undor the provisions of the Constitution, tho opin ion. in writing, of tho principal officer in each of the executive departments upon certain questions relating to this subject. Tho result satisfies mo that further leg islation has bocomo necessary. I there fore commend the subject to the careful comudoration of Congress, and I transmit herewith copies of tho rovcral opinions of tho principal officers of the executive de partments. togotner with other corre spondence on tho point, for information on the subject. The United States, who lod tho way in tho ovorthrow of the Federal doctrine of peVJritnal allegiance, arc among tho last to indiratc how their own citizens may elect another nationally. Tlie papers submitted herewith indi- osto wliat is necessary to place us on a par with other leading nations in liberal- tty of legislation on this international question. Wo have already, in our treaties, assented to tho principles which ould need to bo emlioiiied in laws in tended to accomplish such results. We have agreed that citizens of tho United States may cease to bo citizens and may voluntarily render allegianeo to other Evtlic A spo- and mine allclaiu alic powers. We have agreed that residence in a foreign land, without intent to re turn, shall of itself work expatriation. We Wo agreed, in some instances, upon the length of time necessary for such continual residence to work a presump tion of such intent. 1 invito Congress now to mark out and define when and how expatriation can be oooomplishcd—to regulate by law the condition of American women marrying foreigners—to fix tho status of children bom in a foreign country of American parents, residing more or less permanently abroad, and to make rules for determin ing such othor kindred points as may seem best to Congress- THE SPANISH REPUBLIC. In compliance with the request of Con gress, I nave submitted to the American Mini-t«r at Madrid, with instructions to present it to tha Spanish government, the joint resolution approved on the 3d of Mireh last, tendering to the people of Spain, in tho name and on behalf of the American people, tho congratulations of Congress upon the efforts to consolidate in Spain tho principles of universal lib- rty in a Kopuhli.nr. form of government. The extit. c, e of this pew republic was inaugurated by striking the fetters from tho tlares in 1'orto Rico. This beneficent measure was followed by the release of several thousand persons illegally held as slaves in Cuba. Next, toe Captain Gen eral of that oolony. was deprived of toe power to set o.iido tlie orders of his supe riors at 'Madrid, which had plained to the office since 1835. Tho sequestered estates of American -citizens, which had boon the cause of Jong and fruitless cor respondence, were ordered to bo restored to their owners. All these liberal steps were taken in the face of a violent oppo sition, directed by the reactionary slave holders of llavana, who are vainly striv. iug to stay the march of ideas which have doomed slavery in Christendom, Cuba excepted. SLAVERY IN CUBA. Unhappily, however, this baneful in fluence ha-- thus far succeeded in defeat ing the efforts of all liberal iginded men in Spain to abolish slavery in Cuba, and ting the promised reform in that ,:ag against their persons or jr peiryu r.n : the insurrection. The roviit refer.".:. - * under the Treaty ol Wa-hington ^ lined to claims of _ Br.t^h Mtirevre r during the p< treaty, b are olhe: underet. British claiure -• i.ing after t!i,'. m*--: April, is it si tter [U. JSC.:., and it is known* Amt other ,i . of » iike nature are advau --d or subjects .if other powers.—” ruble to have these claims also examinee and disposed Of. THEACHEKNjjW OK ial information being received from the Dutch Ckiv. rmneut f « of v.,r between fltajiiug - 10 *V lands usd too Julian of A.vv tnc " ; a- oarsof to>- Uaited States win-were nixtt tho seat of tho war were in-tr . t si too • serve an impartial nwiralitK It i- be hoved that tuey liare -base sis THE MEXICAN COMMIS'IOX. The joint e.mni.is.....ii, unb-r t': ■ n* veotion with Mexico, of 1 e,,s, haling again Ikvu legally prdengi-1, he- re sumed its business, which it is hup ,1 n. ,i v be brought t. an early conclusion. The distinguishol repr.--ent.iUvo ol !.■ r llritanic Majesty at Washington, ha. kindly ,-onscntwd, with th, appr. val of )us Government, to assume the arduous and responsible duties of umpire in ' h ■ - o. mmissiou, and to lend tie- Weight of hi - cliaraeter said name to such dortiaui- n- | may not reecivs the acquiescence .,f Doth th»* arbitrators appointed by the respect- J ivc Governmenti- i cy continues there. The pro-slavery BuMMMeSrifixCiita is sgtadnal- , h arraigning it <etf in more open hostility ! i di.■ of toe home government, while .•-: !! maintains a political con- Inaeqtf with the republic in the peuin- •„b'. i although, usurpiug aud itafyliil tabiatoority of the hoaae gewr—ifi •n njr«: *ueh usurp.tion or dofi.ra.-i t- r. is in tlie direction cf oppression, or of t/m mimtcaanoo of abuses, it is still a P ever in Madrid and is recognized by the 1 government. Thus n:» clement more dangerous to , -citinn -i ’colonial relations Isetween Cul ::! ¥;a:.i than that which inspired the in-urr< tioa at Vara—an element oi jKi-.sl t.i grantiagaMy re’i^f from mis rule and abuse—with no aspirations for fre. don—> raraanding no sympathies in nerous breasts—aiming to rivet still str er e: the shackles of slavery and op- P Jg!.. .. ’red many of the emblems i: J . :■ a 1 :!i under ] rofc si. ■ b valtT to the mother c.s.r.’.ry, is ei- *' . 'rj.. uret*-of the island and -.. : whi -1. -ro at variance with -of liberality, bility of char- le interest? of and of pro- those prin .p< THE TROUBLE DUE TO SLAVERY. In taking leave of this subject, for the present, I wish to renew tho expression of my conviction that tho existence of sla- very in Cuba is a powerful cause of the lamentable condition of the island. I do not doubt that Congress shares onto me the hope that it will soon be made tl dis appear. and that peace and prosperity may follow its abolition. The embargoing of American estates in Cuba—cruelty to American citizens detected in no act of hostility to toe Spanish government—the murdering of prisoners captured with arms in their hands, and finally, the capture on the high seas of a vessel sailing under the United States flag and bearing a United States registry, lias culminated in an out burst of indignation that has seemed for a time to threaten war. Fending negotiations between tho Uni ted States and the government of Spain on the subject of this capture. I have authorized too Secretary of the navy to put our navy on a war footing to toe ex tent at least of toe entire annual appro priation for that branch of tlie public ser vice, trusting to our Congress and the publie opinion of toe American people to justify my action. CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS. Assuming from the action of the last Congress in appointing a Committee on Privileges and Elections to prepare and report to this Congress a Constitutional amendment to provide a better method of electing the President and Vioo-Presi- dent of tho United States, and also from the necessity of such an amendment that there will bo submitted to the State legislatures for ratification such an im provement in our Constitution. I suggest two others for your consideration: First. To outhorizo too Executive to approve of so much of any measure passing the two houses of Congress as his judgment may dictate—without approving the whole— toe disapproved portion or portions to be subjected to tho same rules os now, to- wit: To bo referred bock to tho house in which the measure or measures origi nated, and if passed by a two-thirds vole of the two houses, then to become a law without the approval of tho Presi dent. I would odd to this a provision tliat there should be no legislation by Con gress during the last twenty hours of it , sitting, except upon vetoes, in order to give too Exocutive on opportunity to ex amine and approve or disapprove bills un derstandings. Second—To provide by amendment that when nn extra session of CebTress is convened by executive proclamation leg islation during the continuance of such extra session shall bo confined to such subjects as the executive may bring before it from time to timo in writing. Tho advantages to be gained by these two amendments are obvious. One ses sion in each year is provided for by toe Constitution, in whieh there are no re strictions as to tho snbjocts of legislation by Congress. If more are required it is always in the power of Congress, during their term of office, to provide for ses sions at any time. The first of theso amendments would protect too publie against tho many abuses and waste of public moneys which creep into appropriation bills and other important measures passing during the expiring hours of Congress, to which otherwise duo consideration cannot" bo given. TREASURY DEPARTMENT. Tho receipts of the Government from all sources for toe last fiscal year were $333,738,201. and tbe-expenditures on all accounts $200,315,215, thus showing an excess of receipts over expenditures of $ 13,392,930. But it is not probable that this favorable exhibit will bo shown for the present fiscal year. ECONOMY NECESSARY. Indeed it is very doubtful whether, ex cept with great economy on the part of Congress in making appropriations, and the same economy in administering the various departments .of government, the revenues will not fall short of meeting actual expenses, including interest on the publie debt. HOW T9 PRACTICE IT. I commend to Congress such economy, and point out two sources where it seems to me it might commence, to-wit: The appropriations for publie braidings in toe many cities where work has not yet been commence 1—in the appropriation for river and harbor improvement, in those localities where too improvements are of but little benefit to too general com merce, and for fortifications. There is a still more fruitful source ol expenditure, which I will point out later in this message. I refer to the easy method of manufacturing claims for losses incurred in suppressing the late rebel' lion. I would not bo understood here as op posing the erection of good, substantial, and even ornamental buildings by the Government wherever such braidings are needed. In fact, I approve of the Gov ernment owning its own buildings in all I ; I ■ laud of ],r--- v-'-tigrit cious metal in iatry from the vacation products of our mines. h The development of th ■ mines of pre cious ci-tals during th- past year un i the prospective develop::: -u; of them for years to come, are gratifying in their re sults. Coul.1 but one-half of the gold extracted from the mines be ret lined at home, onr advance towards specie pay ments would be rapid. To increase our exports, sa'Scient cur rency is required to keep all the indus tries of the • ■ .'intry employed. Without this, national as well os individual bank- I ruptey most ensue. Undue inflation, on the other hand. Vhile it might give tem porary relief, would only lead to inflation of prices—toe impossibility of competing in oqr own m irkets for the products of home skill and labor, and repeated re newals of present experiences, ELASTICITY IN THE CIRCULATING ME DIUM. Elasticity in our circulating medium, therefore, and juxt enough of it to trans act the legitimate business of the country and keep all industries employed is what is moat to be desired. The exact medium is specie—the recognized medium of ex change the world over. That obtained, we shall have a currency of an exact de gree of elasticity. If there be too much of it for toe legitimate purposes of trade and oommerce, it will flow out of the country: it too little, the reverse will re sult. To hold what we have and to ap preciate our currency to that standard is the problem deserving of toe most se rious consideration of Congress. THE CURRENCY SATISFACTORY. The experience of the present panic has C ven that toe currency of the country ed, as it is. upon the credit of the country, is the best that has ever been deviaed. Usually, in times of such trials, the currency has become worthless or so much depreciated in value as to inflate toe values of all tho necessaries of life as compared with the currency. Every one holding it has been anxious to dispose of it on any terms. Now, we witness tho reverse—holders of currency hoard it as they did gold in former experiences of a like nature. It is patent to toe most casual observer, that much more curren cy or money is required to transact the le gitimate trade of too country during tho fall and winter months when the vast crops are Wing removed than during tlie balance of the year. With onr present system tho amount in the country re mains the same throughout tho entiro year, resulting in an accumulation of all surplus capital of the country in a few centres. When most employed in toe moving of crops, tempted there by the offer of in terest on coll loans, interest being - paid, this surplus capiti must can: tics in terest paid, with a p r- Being subject to “call,” it cana t be loaned—only in part at best—to I .• merchant or zuanu- iu whole ■ ubj. - t .luring t.i ill report at thi? -ession. 1 ng to recommend until then r.'I-irt is made. ENCOURAGEMENT OF CANALS There is one work, however, of a ua- ointed ly to sethod of cornu eipt* of the ofi lode of fixing t! ..Id ! ■ ratio, th. extecdini incrqasin and cultivation. THE MBNONITKv The expressed desire of the of a large colony of eitiz of oo ..dually x-up: President, by toe -dons on the actual re- e in-thad of the present o .-alary in advance upon special returns, and especially, do I urge favorable action by Congress in the im portant recommendations of the Post- ' to emigrate to this country, as is im* i.ousi c ..a ic. i-.v b--~~ ] master General for the establishment of t deritood. with the consent of their gov- p-rtion of tue !-»« ’ml tae fnit - 1 State ]- tat F.. - 1’ ; .-toy .-rim; ■„!. if eortu n e. n in on: 1" ->orth ana D?e South are equally • Your attention i* also again called to a made to enable them to settle in a com* 1 Tv- m V- U k?i )lir ,1 consideration of the question of postal j pact colony, is of gr«B& interest, as going t:^»n. The S-ate o* . ew lork n:^ a I telegraphs and the arguments adduced to show the light in which our institu- conneotmg Lake Ene with tidewater on - n support in the hope that you the li'nhwn nver. The State of will take such action in connection toere- Iuj >nmilar wmkwacctingj ^ in _ TO!lr judgment will most con- tet.it. ■r lasi, <:iq tured on th ■ hisrli bv tl »* Spanish i ian-of-w&r T >rnudo, r.rita- ic.l tli" following eonclu ion: Si ain. n her part. stipulates to restore forti iwith the vessel referred to.: nd the arr i- vors of her pas.'* ngerg and civ w, and on t the ie *J. th uav of December to solute lag o the Unit. .1 States. I f, how- to navigable water on thelUmois ^i^lntereito of toe roun- nver—thus making water communication j . inland b«tw«n the Efct and the d\ est - DEpARTMENT op JUSTICE—UTAH, and t.ie soutn. I , m * . —— * * « . These great arterial water courses arc Affairs in Utah require your early at- the prop Tty of the States through which tent.on. The Supreme Court of the Um- they pass Li pay toll to these States, todMState. in thecase oi^Clinton vs En- Woul'J it not be wise statesmanship to [ glebrecht, decided that the United Stotts pledge the States, that if they wUl open marshal of that Territory could not law- toe canals for the passage of large ves- fully suninsn jurors for the District gels, tlie general Government will look Courts, and three courts hold that the .f. -71 - : v.i« I Termfcnnfil marshal cannot lawfully per- after and keep in navi-able condition toe Territorial marshal cannot lawfully per. great public highways with which they form that duty, because he is elected by connect, with the overslaugh on the Hud- the Legislative Assembly and not np- son—the Saint Clair flats and the Illi- pointed os provided for in tho act organ- nois and Mississippi rivers? This would «ing tho Territory, be a national work—one of great value to I All proceedings at law are practically the produce of the West and South is abolished by these decisions, and there givin" them cheap transportation for have been but few or no jury trials in the their produce to the seaboard and market District Courts of that territory since toe and the consumers in the East in giving last session of Congress. Property is them cheaper food, particularly of those left without protection by toe courts, and articles of food which do not find a for- crimes go unpunished, ei-n market and toe prices of which. To prevent anarchy there, it is abso- therefore, are not regulated by foreign lately necessary that Congress provide demand. The advantages of such a the courts with some mode of obtaining work are too obvious for argument. I jurors, and I recommend legislation to submit the subject to you. therefore, that effect; and nlso, that tho probable without further comment. courts of toe territory now assuming to SURVEY OF THE AMAZON. “sw> writs of injunction and habeas cor- UbSSofa?*, State, -,ith " ot PtateteSl ordiitanlj b, court, of ua, offering a field where much might I °‘ description, be accomplished to further this object. I REPEAL OP TIIE BANKRUPT LAW. I suggest that a small appropriation he j h ave bocomo impressed with tho be- made, accompanied with authority for lief thftfc the approval March 2,1SC7, tho Secretary of tho Nary to fit out a entitled “an act to establish a uniform naval vessel to ascend the Amazon river ETgfcom o( bankruptcy througUout the to toe mouth of toe Maderia—thence to Unitixl States,” is proiluctive of more explore that river and iti tributaries into er ;i jjjjm j-qo,] a t this time. Many eon- Bolivia and to report to Congress, at its considerations might be urged for its to- next session, or as soon as practicable, ta j ^jpeai. too accessibility of the country by water— But lfthis is not considered advisable, its resources, and the population reached. t t bj n k it will not be seriously questioned Such an exploration will cost but little. thoie portions of said act providing It can do no harm and miy result in es- for wliat is called involuntary bankruptcy, tablishing a trade of valuo to both na- operate to increase the financial embar- tions. I rassments of the country. Careful and REVISION OF THE TARIFF. ETC. I prudent men very often become involved In further connection with the Treasu- in debt in the transactions of their busi- ry Department I would recommend a re- ness, and though they may possess ample vision and codification of the tariff laws, property, if it could be made available for and the opening of more mints for coin- that purpose, to meet their liabilities, yet mg money, with authority to coin for on account of the extraordinary scarcity uoh nations as may apply. of money they may be unable to meet all WAR DEPARTMENT. I their pecuniary obligations as they be- Ti.e at: Titian of ‘ " -ress is invited to 1 come duo; in consequence of which they r — . w e recommendations contained in the I are liable to be prostrated in their busd- facturer for a fixes' time. Henoe no u:a‘ ■ : report of the Sec. - - ; of War, herewith ness by proceedings in bankruptcy, at the ter bow much cu:rency there might be j ...v’ lg. The : .parent <reat cost | instance of unrelenting creditors, in the country, it wan I be absorbed— ■ . .f L u .. r ' ’' . , . my is fullyexplainoil People are now so easily alarmed as to '"■ ‘' re;. : •' hope rill receive monetary matters that the mere filing of * utiou. .... le invitin'? your I a petition of bankruptcy by nn unfriendly attention to th. recommendations I creditor will necessarily embarrass and by ■ , - Secrets v of War, there are oftimes accomplish the financial ruin of two which 1 voald especially invite you a responsible business man. Those who First—toe impurUnoo of otherwise might make lawful and just tioiis are rogarvl. 1 by an in iustrious, m- ! ,rith tclligont an*I wealthy people, desirons of ... enjoying civil and religious liberty; aud toe acquisition of so large an immigra tion of citizens of a superior class, w. prices keeping pace wit' the rolnr ponies, stringenoy an over l>e recurring wi. tue , ' V Elasticity in our i - net. ryy therefore, is toe object to be a: first, and next to that, as far as po. __ a prevention of the use oi other people’s j preparing for war in of"peace by I arrangements to relieve themselves from ,, tt. .. .i in preventing the pronusoi reionn in tnat u Pf - ‘ ; bdaad. The struggle for political su-» sections of the country, and hope the day * 1 tri oomnmw -.j >n.- ■ - ii nftt. fflr blatant whun it will not Gnlr 1 •'* J tV—i»f tl th: v.-rtod. flupneo may so. n 1 Tin: V1RGINIUS. Xhi ltanifi' Virginias was, on tl. day <>. f September, 1S7«>. duly reg the jH.rt of N. w York a.? a ]>art of the couiuicr, ial mai iiie of tlie L uited States. is not far distant when it will not only possess them, but will erect in the capital suitable residences for all persons who now receive commutation for quarters, or rent at Government expense, and for the Cabinet, thus setting an example to the States, which may induce them to erect buildings for their Senators. But I would have this work conducted at a time when toe revenues of the country will abun dantly justify iti THE PANIC. The revenues have materially fallen off for the first five months of the pres ent fiscal year from what they were ex pected to produce, owing to the general lianic now prevailing, which commenced about the middle of September. The full extent of this disaster (if it should not prove a blessing in disguise) is yet to bo demonstrated. In cither event it is your duty to heed the lesson and to provide by wise and well considered leg islation, as far as it lies in toot power, against its recurrence, and to take ad vantage of all benefits that may have accrued. SPECIE PAYMENTS. My own judgment is that, however much individuals may have , ufierod, one long step has been taken towards specie 11 ,-n ' ! payments. That we can never have per- ; mxnent proiperity until a specie has;? is reached, and that a specie ba-H cannot th'.th be reachi-i and maintained until our I- u red ; ports, exclusive of gold, pay for our im- ' ports—interest due abroad and other spe cie obligations, or so n. uly so a.- to leave | sic money in stock and thcr > t ecula’ions. HOtV TO PREVENT SPECULATION. To prevent tho latter it seems to n - that ono groat stop would be taken by prohibiting the national banks from pay ing interest on deposits, by requiring them to hold their resources in their own vaults, and by forcing them into resump tion, though it would be only in legal tender notes. GOVERNMENT CLEARING HOUSES. For tliis purpose I would suggest the establishment of clearing houses for your consideration. To secure tho former many plans have been suggested, most if not oil of which look to me more like in flation, on tho ono hand, or compelling tho government, on the other, to pay in terest without corresponding benefits upon the surplus funds of too country during the seasons when otherwise nn- cmployod. INCREASED ISSUES TO THE NATIONAL BANKS. I submit for your consideration whether this difficulty might bo overcome by au thorizing tho Secretary of the Treasury to issue, at any time, to national banks of issue, any amount of their own notes below a fixed percentage of their issue, say 40 per cent., upon the banks’ deposi ting with toe Treasurer of the United States an amount of Government bonds equal to tho amount of notes demanded —the banks to forfeit to tho Government say 4 per cent, of the interest accruing on the bonds so pledged, during tho time they remain with the Treasurer, as secu rity for the increased circulation—the bonds so pledged to lie redeemable by too banks at their pleasure, cither in whole or ic part, by returning their own bills for cancellation to on amount equal to the face of the bonds withdrawn. I would further suggest for your con sideration tho propriety of authorizing toe national banks to diminish their standing issue at pleasure, by returning for cancellation their own bills and with drawing so many United States bonds as are pledged for the bills returned. FREE BANKING. In view of the great actual contraction tliat has taken place in the currency, and too comparative contraction continuously going on, duo to thfc inereaso of popula tion, increase of manufactures and all the industries, I do not believo there is too much of it now for too dullest period of toe year. Indeed, if clearing houses should be established, thus forcing re demption, it is a question for yonr con sideration whether banking should not bo made free—retaining all tho safeguards now required to secure bill-holders on any modification of tho present laws regulat ing national hanks. As a further step towards preparing for resumption of specie payments, I invito your attention to a consideration of the propriety of exacting from them toe re tention. as a port of their reserve, either the whole or a part of tho gold interest accruing upon tha bonds pledged as secu rity for their issue. I have not reflected enough on the bearing this might have in producing a scarcity of coin with which to pay duties on imports to give it iny positive recommendation, but your atten tion is invited to the subject. PROGRESS OF CONTRACTION. During the last fouryears tho currency has been contracted directly by too with drawal of three per cent, certificates, compound interest notes and seven-thirty bonds outstanding on toe 4th of March. 1869, all of which took the place of legal tenders in the bank reserves to the ex tent of $C3,000.000. Daring the samo period there has been a much larger com parative contraction of toe currency. The population of too country has largely increased. More than 25,000 miles of railroad have been built—requiring tho active use of capital to operate them. Millions of acres of land havo been opened to cultivation, requiring capital to move the products. Manufactures have multiplied beyond all precedent in toe same period of time, requiring cap ital weekly for the payment of wages and for toe purchase of material; and prob ably the hugest of all comparative con traction arises from tho organization of free labor in the South. Now eveiy la borer there receives his wages, and for want of savings banks it is earn ad in the pockets or hoarded until required for use. These suggestions are thrown out for your consideration without recommenda tion that they shall be adopted literally, but hoping toe best methol may be ar rived at to secure such an elasticity of the currency as will keep employed all toe industries of the countiyand prevent such an inflation as will put off indefi nitely the resumption of specie payments —an abject so devoutly to be wished for by all, and by none more earnestly than the class of people most directly inter ested—those who earn their bread by toe sweat of their brow. The decisions of Congress on this subject will have the hearty support of the Executive. AMBRICAX SHIP-BUILDING. In previous messages, I have called attention to the decline in American ship building, and recommended such legisla tion as would secure to us our proportion of the carrying trade. Stimulated by high rates and abundanoe of freight, the progress tor the last year in ship-batMing has been very satufaetaiy. There has been an inmrise of about three per cent, in toe amount transported in American vessels, over toe amount of last year. ■With tho reduced cost of material which has taken place, it may reasonably be hoped that th£f progress will be main tained and even increased. However, as pay about $~J)£OOflOO per i-nnum to foreign Teasels for the transportation of our surplus products to market—thus increasing the balance of trade against us to this amount—the snbjcct is one worthy of jour serious consideration. CHEAP TRANSPORTATION.. Cheap transportation is a subject that has attracted tan dftWME -'ail -jsadnsste: u. 1 :: v - -ar?. aud has contributed to. if :t has not 1*.- providing proper I.m .ment for our sea! difficulties produced by the present strin- eoast d. : ■• es. Pi\ ; r armament i3 of I geney in money, are prevented by their vastlv u.or.' importaaoo than fortifica- constant exposure to attack and disap- tions. Tho lacier can be supplied very pointment by proceedings against them speedily, for toinpoiaiy purposes, when j in bankruptcy. needed. The former cannot. And beside, tho law is made uso of in The second is tho necessity of reopen-1 many cases by obduralo creditors to ing promotion in tho staff corps of too frighten or force debtors into a coinpli- army. Particularly is this necessity felt I nnco with their wishes, and into acts of in the medical, pay and ordnance depart- I injustice to other creditors and to tbem- ments. At this time it is necessary to solves. I recommend that so much of employ contract surgeons to supply the I said act as provides for involuntary bank- necessaiy medical attendance required I ruptey, on account of tho suspension of by toe army. With the present force of payment, be repealed, tho pay department it is now difficult to CLAIMS AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT, make the payments to troops provided Your careful attention is invited to tho for by law. Longdelays inpayments are I subject of claims against the Government productive of desertions and other demor- aud tho unities afforded by existing abzations. and the lawprohibits the pay- ^ for their prevention. Each of the ment of troops by other than^regular departments of State, Treasury and War. paymasters. -There are now sixteen va- | j mve demands for many millions of dol- concuss in the ordnanco department, thus ^ upon their files and they are rapidly leaving that branch of the service ^‘to- accumulating. Tothesomay bo added ont sufficient officers to conduct tho W t, 1030 now pc ndin „ before Congross-the ness of too different arsenals on a Court of Claims aSd the Southern Claim scale, if ever required. I Commission—making in the aggregate, NAVY DEPARTMENT. an immense sum. During the past year our Navy lias Most of theso grew ont of the relxjlion, been depleted by tho sale of some vessels I and are intended to indemnify'persona no longer fit for naval service, and by the | on both sides for their losses during tho condemnation of others not yet disposed war, and not a few of them are fabricated of. This, however, has been more than and supported by false testimony. Pro- compensated for by the repair of six of jects are on foot, it is believed, to indnee tho old wooden ships, and tho building of Congress to provide for new classes of eight new sloops of war, authorized by claims, and to re vivo old ones, through too last Congress. The building of these the repeal or modification of toe statute latter has occurred at a doubly fortunate I of limitations, by which they are now time. They are about being completed barred. at a time when they may possibly be I presumo theso schemes, if proposed, much needed, and the work upon them will be received with little favor by Con- Iias not only given direct employment to gress, and I recommend that persons thousands of men, but lias, no doubt, I having claims against the United States, been toe means of keeping open e3tnb- cognizable by any tribunnl or depa'rt- lishments for other work at a time of ment thereof, bo required to present great financial distress. them at an early day and that legislation Since tho commencement of tho last I be directed as far as practicable to defeat month, however, tho distressing occur- unfounded and unjust demands upon tho rences which have taken place in the Government; and I would suggest as a waters of the Caribbean sea, almost on means of preventing fraud that witnesses our very sea board, while they illustrate I be called upon in person and testify most forcibly toe necessity always exist- before thoso tribunals having said claims ing, that a nation situated like ours before them for adjudication, should maintain in a state of possible cf- Probably too largest saving to too na fidency a navy adequate to its responsi- I tional Treasury can be secured by timely bilities, bos, at tho same time, demanded legislation on these subjects, of any of that all the effoctivo force wo really havo the economic measures that will be pro- shall be put in immediate readiness for posed. warlike service. _ I You will be advised of the operations This has been and is being done of the department of Justice by the re- promptly and effectively, and I am as* port of the Attorney General, and I in sured that' all tho available ships and vite your attention to the amendments every authorized man of the American of existing laws suggested by him, with navy will be ready for whatever action is tho view of reducing the expenses of that required for the safety of our citizens or department. the maintenance of our honor. DEPARTMENT OF TUE INTERIOR. This, of course, \riJl require the ex-1 .. . , , • T penditure. in a short time, of tome of the L policy inaugurated towards the appropriations which were aSculated to In . dj “ s ■* **“ beginning of the last ad- extend through too fiscal year, hut Con- nunwtrat.on has been steadily pursued, gress will, I doubt not, understand and j “? d ’.„ I ,. bc!ie I? - ^ beneficial results, appreciate toe emergency, and will pro- continued with only such mod' vide adequately, not only for the present * ficatl0 “ “ tlm8 and OI P?«cuco may preparation, but further and for too demonstrate f necessaiy. With the en- maintenanco of our naval forces. eroochment of civilization upon the In- The Secretary of the Navy has, during diaa reservation.and hunting ground dis- thopast year, been quietly putting some I'^o taken place between toe of orn m6st effective Monitors incoSdition Induul3 «£. whd f du " n ? J** J®"; for service, and thus too exigency finds “ d P«>uably will continue to do so until ns in a much better condition for work rr.ee appreciates that the other has K..TOT1CE DBriHUESI. M S ?SShS ^S2*35»*fc A complete exhibit is presented in the I knon . n ^ tha Indian territory, and to accompanying report of the Postmaster teach thcm ^ art3 o5 c!vi Uzation and General, of the operations of too Post- se tf support. When. found off their res- office Department during tho year. The ervations and ondan"erin<? the peace and ordinary postal revenues far the fiscal! safety of tho whites they havo l«ra pun- Xf* 20 ?’ 18 ' 3 - amonnt- i3hedj ^ wiu continue to be for like of- edtoSMJBW^ 51, and expenditures of I fences . The Indian territory south of aU kinds $29,03,,913 G7. The increase Kansas and west of Arkansas i3 sufficient of revenues over 1872, was $1.0SI£la ». in arca ^ a(rricu itural resources to sup- increa3 ° °‘ expenditures s-> *-o,-1 p 0r t all the Indians east of the Bocky <o3 36. ■ mountains. In time, no doubt, all of Independent of the payments made them, except a few who may elect to from special appropriations for mail mak( > their j, ome3 am0 ng white people, steamship lines, the amonnt drawn from w ;jj collected the general Tnmsury to meet toe defi- As a prop aratory sten for this oonsum- mency was $o °Go,4 ,o. The constant and motion, I f.m now satisfied that a territo- rhpid extension of our postal service, ria i form of g0Ternm cnt should be given particular^ upon railways, and the im- them> which will secure the treaty rights proved facilities for the collection, trans- of the ori?ala i settlers and protect their mission, distribution and delivery of the homesteads from alienation for a period mads, which are constantly being pro- of twentT yC ars. Tided, account for the increased expcndi- i tores of this popular branch of the public —. .. Tt " „ gerr j <;e l r Tho operations of toe Patent Oifico are The total number of post-offices fa op- growing to such magnitude, ami the ac cretion on toe 30th of Jane. 1873, wS cam ^, tjo ” of becoming so 32,21-1—a net increase of 1,381 over the ^ ^ {o /. m °J e T” number reported the preceding year, becoming more obvioiis day by day- I The number of Presidential offices ™ respectfuUy uivdo your attontion to toe 1.363—an increase of 1G3 during the year, reports of the Secretly of the Interior The total length of railroad mail routes I “ d Commissioner °f PatenUon tins sub- at the close of the year -vras G3,457 miles 4 • nvVTnr , —an increase of 5,546 miles fcrer the year I La^ D or FICE. 1872. _ Fifty-nine railway post-office lines The business of the General Land Office were in operation on the 30th June, 1823, exhibits a material inereaso in all its extending over 14.S66 miles of railroad branches during the last fiscal year, rentes and performing an aggregate aer- During that time there were disposed vice of 34.925 miles daily. of, out of the publie lands. 13,030,606 The number of letters exchanged with acres, being an amonnt greater by 1,165,- foreign countries was 274,509,185—an in- 631 acres than was disposed of during crease of 3,036.085 over the previous tho preceding year. Of the amount dis- year, and the postage thereon amounted I posed of 1.626,206 acres were sold ~tor to$2,021,31086. cash; 214,910 acres were located with _ The total weight of correspondence ex- military land warrants ; 3,793,612 acres changed in the mails with European were located with agricnl tural college countries exceeded 912 tons—an increase I scrip; 6,083,536 acres were certified by of 92 tons over the previous year. railroads ; 75,576 acres were granted to The total cost of the United Sates wagon roods; 230,548 acres were ap- ocean mail steamship service, including proved to states os swamp lands; 138,681 $723,000 paid from special appropriations acres were certified for for agricultural to subsidized line3 of mail steamere, wa3 I colleges, common schools, ' universities $1,047,271 33. and seminaries; 190,773 acres were ap- New or additional postal conventions proved to States for internal improve- have been concluded with Sweden, Nor- ments, and 14,222 acres were located with way, Belgium. Germany, Canada, New Indian scrip. Foundlan l and Japan, reducing postage The cash receipt; during the same rates on correspondence exchanged with time were $3,203,515 50; being $190,- these countries; and further efforts have 1 415 50 in excess of the receipts of been made to conclude a satisfactory ; the previous year. During the year 30,- .-i ’-v w. w I tss.132 acres’ of public land were sur veyed: an increase over toe amonnt postal convention with Franco, but with out success. X- M. GENERAL'S RECOMMENDATIONS. I invite the favorable consideration of Congress to the suggestions and rocom- mendations of the Postma-ter General for ua extension of the free delivery system :u all cities having a population of not les3 th-m ten thousand—for the prepay ment of postage on newspapers and other printed matter of the second class—for a 1 [ uniform pet-age and limit of weight on A- Cougrc at its last se3- miscellaneous inittcr—for adjusting the :t-d -i qrtviul committee to in- | compensation of all postmasters not ap- surveyed the previous year of 103,193 acres, and added to the area previously surveyed, aggregates 61G,554,893 acres whieh liave been surveyed, leaving 1,- 213,4-! 1,505 acres of tho public lands still unsurveyad. Tlie increased and steadily increasing facilities for reaching our unexplored public domain, and for the transportation of surplus products, enlarge? tile availa ble field for desirable Jjom.-st.-ud loca tions, thus stiuiuLiting settlement, and superior Cits, would, without doubt, bo of substantial benefit to this country. I invito attention to the suggestion of the Secretary of toe Inte rior in this behalf. PENSIONS. There was paid during the fiscal year for pensions, including the expense of dis bursement, $2:’.185,239 62, being an amount less by $784,050 98 than was ex pended for the same purpose the preced ing year. Although this statement of expenditures would indicate a material reduction in amount compared with the preceding year, it is believed that the changes in the pension laws, at the last session of Congress, will absorb that amount toe current year. At the close of the last fiscal year there were on toe pension rolls 99.804 invalid military pensioners, and 112,OSS widows and orphans, dependent relatives of de ceased soldiers, making a total of that class of 211,S92. 1S.2G6 survivors of the war of 1S12 and 3053 widows of soldiers of that war pensioned under tho act of Congress of February 14,1871—making a total of that class of 23,319. 1430 inva lid navy pensioners and 1770. widows, or- pliaiu and dependent relatives of de ceased officers and sailors and marines of tho navy—making a total of navy pen sioners of 3200, and a grand total of pen sioners of all classes of 23S.411—showing a net increase during toe last fiscal year of 6S12. During the Lost year, the names of 16,405 pensioners were added to the rolls, and 10,223 names were dropped therefrom for various causes. The system adopted for the detection of frauds against the Gov ernment in tho matter of pensions has been productive of satisfactory results, but legislation is needed to provide, if possible, against the perpetration of such frauds in future. PUBLIC EDUCATION. The evidently increasing interest in the cause of education is a most enconraging feature in the general progress and pros perity of the country, and the Bureau of Education is earnest in its efforts to give proper direction to the new appliances and the increased facilities which are be ing offered to aid the educators of the country in their great work. The ninth census has been completed and tho re port thereof published and distributed, and the working force of the Bureau dis banded. CENSUS IN IS73. Tho Secretary of the Interior renews his recommendation for a census to be taken in 1875, to which subject the at tention of Congress is invited. The orig inal suggestion in that behalf has met with the general approval of the country, and even if it he not deemed advisable at present to provide for a regular quin quennial census, a census taken in 1875, tho report of which could bo completed and published before the ono hundreth anniversary of our national independence, would be especially interesting and valu able as showing the progress of the coun try during the first century of our na tional existence. It is believed, hoyever, that a regular census every fivo years would be of sub stantial benefit to the country, inasmuch as our growth hitherto has been so rapid that tho results of the decennial census are necessarily unreliable as a basis of es timates for the latter years of a decennial period. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Under the very efficient management of the Governor and the Board of Public Works of this district, the city of Wash ington is rapidly assuming tho appear ance of a capital of which tho nation may well be proud. From being a most un sightly place tliroo years ago—disagreea ble to pass through in summer, in conse- qncnco of too dust arising from unpaved streets, and almost impassable in the winter from tho mud—it is now one of the mo3t sightly cities in the country, and can boast of being the best paved. The work has been done systematically. The plans, grades, location of sewers, water and gas mains being determined upon before tho work was commenced— thus securing permanency when com pleted. I question whether so mnch has ever been accomplished before in any Ameri can city for tho same expenditures. The Government having large reservations in the city and the nation at large having an interest in their capital, I recommend a liberal policy towards the District of Columbia, and that the Government should bear its just share of tho expense of these improvements. Every citizen visiting the capital feels a pride in its growing beauty and that ho too is part owner of tho investments here. I would suggest to Congress the pro priety of promoting the establishment in this District of an institution of learning, or university, of the highest doss, by the donation of lands. There is no place bet ter suited for such an institution than tho national capital. There is no place in which every citizen is so directly in terested. CIVIL SERVICE RF.FOUM. In three successive messages to Con gress I havo called attention to tho sub ject of Civil Service reform. Action has been taken so far as to authorize the ap pointment of a board to devise rules gov erning methods of making appointments and promotions, bnt there never has been any action making these rules, or any rules, binding or even entitled to ob servance, where persons desire the ap pointment of a friend or tho removal of an official who may bo disagreeable to them. To have any rules effective they must havo too acquiescence of Congress as well as of the Executive. I com- m ?nd, therefore, the subject to your at tention and suggest that a special com mittee of Congress might confer with the Civil Service Board during tho present session for too purpose of devising Buch rules as can be maintained, and which will secure the services of honest and ca pable officials,- and which will also protect them in a degree of independence whilo in office. Proper rules will protect Con gress as well a3 toe Executive from much needless persecution, and will prove of great value to the public at large. ADMISSION OF COLORADO. I would recommend for your favorable consideration the passage of an enabling act for the admittance of Colorado as a State in toe Union. It possesses all the elements of a prosperous State, agricul tural and mineral, and I believe has popu lation now to justify such admission. In connection with this I would also recommend the encouragement of a plan for purposes of irrigation, from the east ern slope of toe Bocky Mountains to the Missouri river. As a rule I am opposed to further donation of public lands for in ternal improvements owned and con trolled by private corporations; but in this instance I would make an excep tion. Between the Missouri river and tho Bocky Mountains there is an arid belt of public land from 300 to 500 miles in width, perfectly value less for the occupation of man for want of sufficient rain to secure the growth of any products. An irrigating canal would make productive a belt as wide as the supply of water could be made to spread over across this entire country, and would secure a cordon of settlements connecting tiio present population of the mountain and mining regions with that of the older States. All the land reclaimed would be clear gain. If alternate sections are re tained by tho Government, I would sug gest that the retained sections be thrown open to entry under the homestead laws, or sold to actual settlers for a very low pric ‘GENERAL AMNESTY. I renew my previous recommendation to Congress for a general amnesty. The number engaged in the late rebellion, yet laboring under disability, is very small, but enough to keep up a constant irrita tion. No possible (Linger can accrue to toe Government by restoring them to eligibility to hold office. I suggest for your consideration the enactment of a law to better secure the civil rights which freedom should secure, but has riot effectually secured, to the enfranchised slave. U. S. Geaxt, Executive. Executive Mansion, Dec. 1,1863. „ver. before that date, Spain should prove to toe satisfaction of the Government of the United States that the Virginias was titled to carry the flag of the United ■arrying it. at the time itliout right, aud im properly, the salute will lie spontaneously dispensed with, as in such case not being ihhv - ary or re;juiruble; bnt the United States will expect, in such case, a dis claimer of intent of indignity to its fla; ill the act which was committed. Furthermore, if, on or before the 25tli of December, 18?3, it shall be made to appear to the satisfaction of the United States that the Virginias did not right fully carry the American flag, was not en titled to American papers, tlie United States will institute inquiry and adopt legal proceedings against tho vessel, if it be' found tliat she lias violated any law of the United States, and against any of the persons who may appear to have been guilty of illegal acts iu connection there with ; it being understood that Spain ■will proceed according to the second proposition made to General Sickles and m it tee will be the Sen 0 to p , whi,-: i iuto tic Ho • iiliv this course he isli his claim to a seat in [lapse upon swear- communicated in his telelegram read to Admiral Polo on the 27th inst., to invest igate the conduct of those of her authorities who liave infringed on Span ish laws or treaty obligations, and will arraign {them before competent courts, and inflict punishment on tho36 who may have offended. Other reciprocal reclama tions to oo too subject of consideration and arrangement between the two gov ernments, aud in case of no agreement to bo the subject of abitratioa if the consti tutional assent of the Senate of the United States bo given thereto. It is further stipulated that tho time, manner and place for the surrenderor the Virginius and tho survivors of those who were on board her at tho time of capture, and also the time and manner and pbico for the salute to the flag of the United States, if there should bo occa sion for such salute, shall bo subject to arrangement between tho undersigned within the next two days. ■ Hamilton Fish. Josk Polo de Bakxabe. DAY DISPATCHES. Tho Villc da llnvro Catastrophe. London, December 2, 5 a. m.—Capt. Urquhart of the Tri-Mountain, reports that when he met the Locheam her bow sprit was gone and there was a largo hole in hor bow above tho water line. The boat continued searching around the phvee where the steamer went down for six hours. The rescued people do not blame the Lochearn for the collision. Her officers and crew did their utmost to save life. Only two of the survivors remained on. toe Locheam. ono of whom had gone mad and could not be removed. * Tlie first boat from tho ViUe dn Havre was sent to ascertain if tho Locheam could render any assistance. Tho Ville dn Havre was insured in London for 90,- 0001. Foreign Items. A special to toe Times says tho inac tivity of the Spanish fleet at Cartagena is owing to the doubts of tho artillery of toe crow of the iron-clad Saragossa. ff’he story of the duel between Gener als Mnnteuffel and Van Goeben, isnow said to be without foundation. The Next Pope. The newspaper Hour claims to have reliable information that Cardinal Pieci. Archbishop of Perugia, is tho favorite for tho next Pope. Congressional. Washington, November 2.—In the ; Senate, James K. Young was elected Ex ecutive Clerk. In the House, Bn tier's motion to seat Syphcr, Sheldon. Pinch- back, and the Devil, is up. Beck argues in opposition, and is allowed lialf an hour. Theso proceedings will delay the message indefinitely. The message text goes South to-night by courtesy of tho tele graph company. The noon report holds open till four o'clock for a brief of toe message. In the Senate, Snmner again pressed his civil rights bill. Ferry and Edmunds opposed it and it went on tho table with out division. This action postpones the bill indefinitely and probably defeats it. The text of the message is going North now. The South holds open for a synopsis. Bede made a powerful speech against the scats of the Louisiana delegates. The message is being read. Officer Killed. New Yobk, December 2.—An officer escorting prisoners to jail was killed with a brick. The murderer escaped. Failure of a Cotton House. The suspension of J. H. Herrick A Co., cotton and produce merchants, wa s an nounced late yesterday in the cotton ex change. Herrick declines to mak e a statement for publication. New Cuban Administration. A letter from Manzanilhi, Cuba, states that Ccspcdes has ceased to be President of the Cuban republic, on account of bad health, and liis successor is Salvador Cisneros. Tweed. The rumor that Wm. Tweed died sud denly is untrue. He has been appointed one of the hospital orderlies, and assumed his duties to-day. Washington, December 2.—No South ern names appear among tho passengers on the Villo dn Havre lost. Among the rescued were ten women. St. Lonis Social Evil Laws. St. Lovis, December 2.—The Supremo Court of the State decides that tho mu nicipal regulations of the social evil are constitutional. MIGHT DISPATCHES. THE VILLEDUHAVRE Horrible Details of the Catastrophe. How the Passengers Slot their Death. Whole Families go Down with their Staterooms. . Synopsis Weather Statement. War Dept.. Office Chief Sig. Offices, Washington, December 2. Probabilities: For tho Ohio valley and thence southward to the Gulf, light to fresh southwesterly to northwesterly winds, cloudy weather and light rain, followed by less «36ndinesJ on Wednes day: for tie South Atlantic States, less pressure, rising temperature, with in creasing cloudiness and possibly light rain for South Carolina and Georgia. McCool Held for Jlunlcr. St. Loins, December 2.—Mike McCool has been held in $10,000 bail for murder in the second degree. MIDNIGHT. DISPATCHES. Washinton, December 2. — Badical Louisiana is here in full force. Colonel Casey, Colonel Carter, Pinchback, ct omnes. Col. Lawrence is at Willard’s and Gen. Sheridan at the Elliott. The Litter has been quite sick. Kellogg’s chief captain, Dr. Kline, is also here, and Smith, who claims to rep resent the Shreveport district. There is also a heavy delegation of Cubans here. Their appearance indi cates a unification of ages, but the Louis iana Badical delegation tops them in con trast. An Archbishop Tabooed. Havana, December 2.—Tho ecclesias tical authorities of Havana have issued an edict ordering the priests to refuse I'odro Llorente, Archbishop of Santiago de Cuba, their assistance or countenance * if he celebrates any religious ceremony, and not to permit him to enter any church under their charge, because Llorente is in open rebellion against tho Holy See and lias liecn excommunicated. An order of the College of Cardinals re places as Viear, priest Obera, who was expelled by Llorente. Ceased Firing. Madrid, December 2.—The insurgents ceased firing from Cartagena yesterday afternoon. Havana, December 2.—The publica tion of the Proctocol, signed by Seeretaiy Fish and the Spanish minister, caused intense agitation and general indignation here; but the jiopular feeling is calm ing down, under the conviction that the Spanish Government will defend Spanish honor, and under confidence which is placed in the sense, justice and prudenco of the people of tho United States. There have been no vioient demonstra tions, and the peace of the city is undis turbed. People and authorities are in full accord, and reports of the resigna tions of higher officers of the Island are positively contradicted. The authorities are determined to save tho country and prevont foreign interference. Tho Captain General’s Proclamation. Captain General Jovellarlias issued the following proclamation to the inhabitants of Havana: It is my duty to prevont public opinion from going astray. I con sider it opportune to andress you, as a friend, recommending the utmost calm ness under the present cironmstainees. The Virginius question has given Spain’s enemies an opportunity to spread false rumors nnd alarming news. Certainly they would produce an effect on your ar dent and unimpeachable patriotism, while their only object was to promote tho rebel cause. It is true that treaties liave been made and that I liave received communications in relation to them, but if I havo managed to inspire you with any confidence. • give me proof of it by your reflective anil tranquil behavior. Bo assured that I will do anything possible in behalf of tlie interests of the province and‘dignity of of the nation, which, liko yourselves, I hold in higher esteem than life. (Signed.) Joveli.au. The proclamation was extensively dis tributed in theatres, cafc3, and other public places and the excitement is sub siding. Tho Virginius remains at the arsenal, afloat and in good condition. . The Remaining Prisoners. Santiago. November 26.—The U. S. steamer J uniat x arrivod on toe 26th, and her commander has visited the ono hun dred and one Virginius prisoners now re maining here. He has telegraphed to Consul General Hall, assuring him that no other executions except tho thirty- seven had occurred, and that if tho Amer ican Government demanded the surrender of the prisoners, no difficulty would be experienced in obtaining them. Socretarjr Elected. Paris, December 2.—Count Sognr, n member of the Bight Centre, has been elected Secretary to the Chamber. Cnmmins’ New Cnnrcli. New York, Deoemlier 2.—Certain par ties under the lead of Bishop Cummins, of Kentucky, have organized a new church. Cummins is Chief Dignitary. NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. RALSTON'S HALL I POSITIVELY LAST NIGHT! Benefit of the Queen Star of the South, ROSE WATKINS, And the At-conjjriishcd Child Actress, LITTJLE AMY X« 32 12 • n will l)e presented the Grand Serio-Comir Drama of TIIE HIDDEN HAND ; VIRGINIA AS IT WAS. CapitolAw (with sonars.) ROSE WATKINS’ J sons”. ne * sboy ’ <witI> ] LITTLE AMY LEE., W iwtcr ) <h “ orisin,ll ' :Imr ' '• HARRY WATKINS. In not third, *t)M Life on the Cotton Planta tion,” witfi Songs. Music and Dance. Secure your seats at Brown’s book store, decs It Tlie SttfTcrlns** of the Itcscucti. • Protocol of the conference held at the De partment of Slate, at Washington, cm the 29th of November, 1873, between Hamilton Fish, Secretary of Slate, and Hear-Admiral Don Jose Polo de Her- nabe, Envoy Extraordinary and 21 inis- ter Plenipotentiary of Spain. Tho undersigned* having met for the purpose of entering into definitive agree ment respecting the case of tho steamer Virginius, which, while under tho flag of tho United States, was, on the 31st day New York, December 2.—Special dis patches give the following, of interest about the loss of tho ViUe du Havre: Most of the passengers were too terrified to try to save themselves. Many prayed, and many laid down with the calmness of utter despair. Some hearing the water pouring into tho ship, never quitted their staterooms. Whole families thus went down together. The four boats lowered by the Loch earn found the passengers and crew float ing on the waves—holding on to plank3, buoys, spars and whatever could be seiz ed as the wreck went down. Many had thus prepared themselves from tho first. Many of the women saved were float ing in the water. The Captain of the ViUe Du Havre i3 reported to have been quite exhausted by his three days and night* of uninterrupt ed duty. Tho officer who was in com mand when the collision took place was lost. The sufferings of those who were res cued was intense—the cold being very severe. * ‘ Many persons were nearly insensible and would have utterly perished in a few minutes more. The rescued were nearly all escaped as a matter of haphazard—as want of time permitted no organized effort or attempt at choice. The purser of the steamer says in a few minutes the ship began to sink amidst great disorder and frantic terror.’ Tho scene was awful beyond all descrip tion. The air was rent with shrieks, but some were heard saying calmly: "As we must die let us die nobly.” The water rushed into the hold with incredible velocity. I undressed myzelf, and with a companion jumped overboard and swam toward the Lochearn, when half- a mile distant. A3 X left, I heard the ship cracking, and looking bock saw her go down with one plunge forward. For a moment shrieks were terrible. Then all was silent! Alas, it was the silence of death l The Atlantic and Great 'Western Canal. ■Washixoto!?, December 2.—Senate— General Gordon introduced a bill aiding the Atlantic and Great Western canal, providing that the United^ States shall guarantee tho payment of interest upon the bonis of tlie Canal Company to the extent of $S0,000 per mile. The House. Sheldon and Syphrr were seated. The House adjourned without voting upon Pinchback. Williams wa3 nominated for Chief Jus tice, and 13ri3tow for Attorney General. It is understood that Pinchback’s cre dentials as a member from Louisiana at large will bo allowed to go to the Com- Attention, Macon Volunteers! Y OU aro hereby ordered to appear nt your Armory THIS (Wednesday) EVENING at 71 o’clock, for tlie transaction of imjiortunt buai* 4 ness. IJy order a. S. JONES, explain Corn’de. G. C. Conxkr, (hS. d^lt MASONIC NOTICE. Mjgpah Lodge IXo. 47, F. & A. M. day) NIGHT. It is earnestly desired tint each and every member not providentially prevented will attend, a» n matter iu which all should feel an interest will be bronght to tbo attention of the Lorbcc. Members of Macon Lod^e and sojourn ing brethren are fraternally invited to attend. Hour for opening 71 o’clock. W. W. CARNES, W. M. Tl. J. Peter, fleereisry. doe.? n TO PRINTERS. TXTANTKD, 150 pounds each of Lonj? Frimer VV (or Small Pica^ and Bourgeois, 20 founts Display Typo, 4 six-inch Sticks, a small lot of Metal and Wood Job Type, lot of Loads and Rules, etc^ to complete an office. Second-hand material preferred. For ii pood short-time or cask purchaser, address “PRINTER,” Care Judge G. W. Wooten. «Jee3 It Americas, Gn. NOTICE. T IIE officers of the Mzron Harmonic Society are reaneeted t» meet nt th, office of Dr. <». E. Sumdorrf. So. 80 Oll-rrj s’re-'t. TII1S EVE NING .1 71 o'clock. Important busin'-vo T. U. CONNER. ilecXlt Scr'.v rm.l Tress. WANTED. A GOOD COOK at thu Geor-p-i Academy for the Blind. Apply imm ,li»t-ly. W. 2>. WILLIAMS. deeXXt Prineinnl. ESTRAYED. QTRAYED from my stable* in Crtwfog]1 <»un- U ty, on Saturday la*t. * OR.W HORsE, about eirht years old, and a DARK DAY MARB MCLB, twelve or thirteen years old. A liberal reward will be paid for their rworery. Ifcwlt* s. SLOCUM. Kno ilia P. NOTICE TO Contractors and Enilders. til FRIDAY, the 5th itistant. at JO o’clock, tor tho bu&jUnSof a SMALL POX HOSPITAL on the Hospital Ground*. Tho luiildiu- to be put up immediately. Plans and c;« > cilic&iions to be i-n at the Commissioners’ office. By order of the Board. dee* 3t KOTIOE IN BANKRUPTCY. rpms is ta cive notice that on the 22.1 day of A November. A. D.WS.:> warrant in Bank- ruptrv was hmi i^ntinst tha «jtate of Geoiw CurrJn. of Dublin, county of L«ur.ns, and State of Georjria, who has. l>een adjuil-rea :i Har.kruptonhi* own petition, and thafc the pny- ient of any debts, and delivery of any property •lonsinjr to said Bankrupt, to him, or for Ins s,-, mod the transfer of any pn>pertjr by .him, aro forbidden by law; that n meeting of tn.; creditors >S said bankrupt, to prove their debts, and boose one or -more a^signeca of his estate. be held at a Court of Bankruptcy, u> as hohleuut Sandersville.Gs^st the ot!f I>eycrly Ev;t , i,... . • . »- i* "• I' * "- »* * * • sq., lie.ri.Nter, on the 15th day of December, A. 1). ;;.i f -it l o’clock, r. M. A. W. West, Attorney. Savannah, G:i Gr U. S. Marsh EbRGIA. DIDli CO I V. Y. W. II. SMYTH. the 12th day of D. C.T. WARD, Ora