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WEEKLY intelligencer. ATLANTA, GEORGIA, Wednesday, September 20, 1865. I If '~TTli a* Wb call attention to the communication of R Q. M., in to-day’s paper, and particu larly invite consideration for it from those who are or may be in authority, and whose solemn duty it will be to devise measures for averting the evils to society resulting from the changed condition oi the negro population; if, indeed, it now be within the reach of human power to prevent such things. The letter referred to in the communica tion was written by one brother to another, without the slightest impression that it would ever find its way into a newspaper, and is a free and unrestrained communica tion of facts existing and of apprehensions felt for the future. It shews the state of feeling, and the action of the negro race in what is known as the “ low country ” of our State, where that population is very numerous. Its statements accord with those made in reference to this matter in almost every portion of our land ; and un less true wisdom, free from the cant of a sickly and foolish so-called philanthropy, and the senseless and heartless ravings of I wild fanaticism, shall interpose in the ad justment of the difficult problem, we fear that scenes will occur that will fill the heart of the true philanthropist with anguish.— None but those acquainted with the charac ter of the negro, and those brought into ac tual contact with|him, can realize the diffl culties connected with his management in his present surroundings. Vain, ignorant, superstitious, and generally prone to idle ness—inflated with his sudden freedom, of which he entertains very improper and in correct notions—unstable in bis habits and unreliable in his engagements, with a rest less desire for change, and suddenly invested with the control ot his own actions, he finds it almost impossible to realize the fact that still he must work if he would live. His employer, under these circumstances, as a general rule, finds it impossible to obtain from him continuous and regular labor, and hence results a very general inclination to employ white labor, and to dispense with that of the negro. The course that the negroes have pursued since their freedom was proclaimed, will inevitably lead to this result, and unless some means can be devised by which they will be kept in the cultivation of the soil, an occupation for which alone the great ma Jority of them are qualified, many of the fields W’ll be left to grow up in weeds, and a consequent scarcity of subsistence will prevail throughout the entire South, and the cotton manufactories of the North and Bast will be stopped for the want of that material without which they cannot prosper. All these evils may be averted if the proper steps be taken in the management of this difficult question. Common sense, however, and the experience of years must guide iq these matters or the result will be useless, 1 rofltless and pernicious. Southerners and the President.—In our yesterday’s edition we published the feeling and eloquent response made by President Johnson to the Southerners in Washington City who had called upon him for the pur pose of presenting an address in behalf of themselves and the people of the South. From one of our Northern exchanges, we learn that when admitted to the presence of the President, Mr. McFarland, of Virginia, who, it seems, acted as chairman of the body, delivered the following brief but ap propriate address: “Mr. President—The gentlemen accompa nying me, and whom I have the honor of introducing to you, constitute a number of the most respectable citizens of nine of the Southern States. They come, sir, for the purpose of manifesting the sincere respect and regard they entertain for you, and to express tbeir sincere determination to co operate with you in whatever shall tend to promote the interests and welfare of our common country, and to say that they are as earnest now and faithful to their allegU ance to the United States, and to the con stitution of the Union, as in the past, and that they have great confidence in your wis dom to heal the wounds that have been made, and in your disposition to exercise all the leniency which can be commanded by a sound and judicious policy. That they are assured, in doing this, of your desire and in tention to sustain and maintain Southern rights in the Union of the United States.” It is said that the President was deeply affected at the presence of the gentlemen, and during the delivery of this address. His reply, as our readers must have noticed, plainly indicated deep feeling. nounces the arrival of Gen. Beauregard at Vera Cruz, where he goes into voluntary exile.” We see it stated that Gen. Ma- gruder is paying a visit to his sister in Eng land, the wife of Lord Abinger, who was formerly stationed with his regiment in Canada, where he became enamored ot the robust charms of Miss Magruder, who will be remembered as formerly one of the most portly belles of Washington. As the wife of Lord Abinger, the lady has become the talk oi London society The Emperor Maximilian Las purchased and shipped from New York, for the Impe rial printing office in the city of Mexico, a set of Hoe’s celebrated'printing presses; has ordered two steam fire engines from the same place, and is about to contract with New York ship builders for several steam ships, plans for which are on the way to him. The citizens in San Antonio, Tex as, held a meeting on the 16th nit. to in augurate means to provide a homestead for Gen. J. B. Hood. It was proposed to open subscription fiats for the purpose in every county in the State. A dispatch to the New York Herald says, the tide of travel setting from this city toward Richmond, is beginning to be very considerable, and has already compelled the managers of the Orange and Alexandria Railroad to place an evening passenger train upon that route in addition to the train which has been leaving here at an early hour in the morn ing. On the first day this route was turned over to the company, its passenger receipts amounted to only twenty seven dollars.— Latterly, the receipts from travel have aver aged twenty-two hnndred dollars daily. LABOR AND PRODUCTION. The Nashville Gazette asks “what shall be our labor system ?’’ This is an important query—one that addresses itself with great force to every man in the South who has the manliness to resist that disposition to despair at the changed relation of “master and slave,” which, we regret to say, has overcome many; and of every man who is intelligent, patriotic, and benevolent; for to such must eventually be left the regula tion of labor in the South, that its former productiveness may continue to prevail.— How necessary it is that the labor of the former slave shall be properly directed, in order that this productiveness may follow, and he at the same time be saved from want, if not famine, as well as that the country may profit by it, as it does through the labor of the white man, is forcibly illustrated in the following which we copy from the same paper: Tennessee, says the Gazette, “produced 50,748,266 bushels of corn in the year I860; this year it is estimated that the yield will approximate 17,000,000 bushels. Here is a decrease in production that may well cause the most visionary of political economists to shudder. A similar ratio of decrease is ap plicable to nearly every product of the Sou thern States; and in view of this state of affaire, the question which heads this article becomes one of paramount importance to all classes of society.” This alarming decrease in production, is not to be ascribed alone to Tennessee. We have not before us now any statistics by which we could show that Tennessee, much as she has lost in her productiveness from tnent. The latter required a paternal mode of government, to watch over and take care ot them. The lormer required a strong government to keep them in service. The two, combined, constituted the ill-under stood system of Southern slavery. This system has now been np rooted. We are all at sea, without rudder or compass. The childish negro, not knowing the meaniog of a sudden freedom, which he cannot appre date, because it has not cost him any sacri flee —because he has not bought it, (and every truly tree people have,) despises labor, as the concomitant of a state of degradation from which he has been released. He hies to tne cities and large towns, and there os cillates between the improvised ball room and the miserable hovel, gaining a precari ous livelihood by doing small chores and stealing to “make both ends meet,” until rank disease demands the penalty of laziness and filthy habitation. The farmer—his best laborers gone beyond recall—those that remain more troublesome th&a profitable, in the absence of restraint; and no other system of farm labor available—with little ready cash to invest in labor saving ma chines, which, after all, are illy adapted to an undulating country like Tennessee—the farmer folds his arms, and waits for contin gencies, well satisfied if he can raise enough to support his household.” We agree with our Nashvill^cotempora ry, that “this cannot last long”-^.that “some thing must be done”—and like it, we desire to draw the’sttention of our people to it. It is a subject that should command the at tention ot our wisest and most practical men; not men,disheartened and discouraged, who are desponding in their nature, and ready to give way before misfortunes, but men who are fit to “battle with the world, men with enlarged views, enterprising men, statesmen and patriots, who understand the situation of the South, her present and fu ture responsibilities in all that pertains to the local interests ot their. States, the pros perity and happiness of their people, and what they owe, at the same time, to the freedmen in their midst, and to the great American Republic, of which their States are and must remain component parts. Such men as these, coming to the rescue, will be able, we predict, to give such directions to labor as will save the South from the dark future predicted as her fate by the hopeless and desponding; and in their great and good work they will be cheered on by every con servative man in the North and West, and what is more, will be sustained by the Government itself, though fanaticism may howl at them in their efforts. The Republicans Staggered—The New York World says that the action of the New York Democracy has fallen like a bomb in the camp of the enemy. “First, blank amazement; then explosion ; then commotion, scampering, groans, writhing, terror, horror; and forthwith, the summon ing of a genera] conncil of war to determine what to do.” The following dispatch, it says, to an evening paper portrays the trep idation, trouble, and dissensions that reign in the Republican camp: Special Dispatch to the Commercial Advertiser. Washington, September 11.—-The leading politicians of the Republican parly have gathered in this city to consider their policy in the fall elections and in the new Congress. The difference of opinion is toide, and excites angry controversy.. Thurlow Weed is playing a prominent part He has warned the radicals that they wifi be displaced from power if they press their extreme views upon the people. H is doubtful whether the conflicting elements causes to which we shall refer, has lost less {can be harmonized. Senator Wilson, on be General Meade's visit to South Carolina was to prevent the recurrence of conflict be tween the military and civil authorities of that State. He had an interview, at Co lumbia, with General Gillmore and Gover nor Ferry, at which a satisfactory adjustment was made.—Gen. Hooker paid a high compliment to the military genius of Gene ral Robert E. Lee. In his testimony before the committee on the conduct of the war, General Hooker testified, under oath, as fol lows : Our artillery had always been superi or to that of the rebels, as was also our ins fan try, except in discipline, and that, for reasons not necessary to mention, never did equal Lee’s army. With a rank and file in ferior to our own, intellectually and physi cally, it has by discipline alone, acquired a character fer steadiness and efficiency, nns surpassed, in my judgment, in ancient or modem times. We have not been able to rival it, nor has there been any near ap proximation to it in the other rebel armies. ———Gen. Beauregard.—A Brownsville, Texas, correspondent of the New Orleans limes, writing under date of August 26th, Bays: “The Monitor, of last week, an- than Georgia or any other Southern State; but these may easily be procured by any one desirous of pursuing the subject. Of course, much of this decrease in production, is to be ascribed to the withdrawal of white labor and the supervision oi the whites over negro labor, daring the war. Bat the actual de crease in the productiveness of negro labor is alarming in all the Southern States, and we look with much solicitude to that soon coming future which is to solve the prob lem now agitating the public mind—“ what shall be our labor system ?” What the Gazette says too in relation to the condition of Tennessee, is also applica ble to Georgia. It says—“ we are already drawing heavily upon other States, for our daily meat and bread. We are exporting next to nothing. The balance of exchange against us is daily becoming greater. Yet there is no fact more patent than that we have no surplus capital to squander. There’s not a bank in the State that will discount. There’s no money on the market; and we hear occasionally of most exorbitant rates of interest demanded and given, in private arrangements. And all this while millions of acres of fertile land fie uncultivated. In truth, we are fast becoming a poor people, although in possession of the richest boon- ties of Nature. This, perhaps, is not so ob vious to the denizens of a city where, as in Nashville, millions of Government green backs have been disbursed. Yet it is a fact painfully distinct to every thinking mind fa miliar with the State at large.’ 1 Is it not alarming that a State like Ten nessee is “drawing heavily upon other States” for its “daily meat and bread ? ” A State that once exported into South Caro lina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, its large surplus of grain, floor, and meat, now dependent upon others, and though “millions of greenbacks” have been disbarsed at its capital, it has no “capital to squander; ” “no money on the market; ” “exorbitant rates of interest demanded,” and, with all this, she has, wbat is more alarm ing still, “millions of acres ot fertile land” lying uncultivated—her people fast becom ing a poor people.” Here we see the true source of wealth—when those millions of acres of fertile land shall be cultivated, then will Tennessee become what she has been, a prosperous and wealthy State. The la bor she most have, else she, like Georgia and every Southern State, wifi become poor, “although in possession of the richest boun ties of Nature,” The causes the Gazette thinks, and proper ly, too, “which have induced this condition of affairs may be readily traced. The form er labor of the South consisted of negroes. They were men, as regards physical quali ties, they were children in mental develop- half of the Hew England Congressmen, seems to reject all compromise. His plan is to rely on the party majority in Congress to resist the admission of the Southern States, and virtually appeal to the people against President Johnson’s policy. The conservative Republicans propose to meet the difficulty of the Hew York Democratic nominations by nominating Generals Slocum and Patrick, and Lucius Robinson. The leading New York Republicans have had numerous interviews with Secretary Seward, with whom the project has been discussed. The Radicals have been reinforced by Gen eral Butler, and a decidedly lively t.me is ex pected . Ccmmenting upon tbe foregoing, the same paper says: “ The Republicans are checkmated. Ac cording to present appearances they are on the eve of a grand schism. Whether they split or hang together in an association ot mutual and suppressed hatred, it is all one to the Democratic party. If they divide, our victory wifi, perhaps, be more easy ; but if they hold together it will be not less cer tain. ” The foregoing is encouraging to the friends of the administration. From other sources too similar intelligence reaches ns. We at the South can be merely “lookers on ” now, at the great political struggle that is fast approaching in the North and in the West. The East we give up. We have no hope to cheer or animate us when we look to New England. Her conservative men are overpowered by fanatical numbers. Bat from the North and the great West, wc de rive consolation in the belief that they will stand by the Freside^t in his administra tion of the government, and in his efforts to restore the Southern States to the Union with all their constitutional privileges and rights. Some Cheese.—The Utica Herald, speak icg of the cheese Manufacturers’ Hall on the New York State Fair Grounds, says that is a tent capable of holding over one hundred thousand cheese; and adds: “ The cheese will be ranged aronnd on three tiers of shelves, sloping back like steps. Ia the centre will be a throne for the Queen cheese from Canada, a daughter of milk, weighing some four thousand pounds. The dame measures some twenty feet roand her waist, although she is but four feet high. We hope that no accident will happen to her on the cars, for we would like to see this British lady. Nothing New Under the Sun.—We have always regarded the waterfall as a heathenish invention, bat we were not aware until recently that it is a monstrosity of classic birth. Oar friend Colonel Jewett, of tbe Geological Hall, shows us a coin of Hiero I, Tyrant of Syracuse, who reigned from 47S to 466 before the Christian era, on the obverse side ot which is the head of the goddess Diana, wilh an txcresence precisely like that now worn under the dnbioos name of the waterfall.—Albany Journal. [COMMUNICATED. ] Mr. Editor: A great social problem is being worked out under our very eyes.— The sudden transition of three or lour mil lions of the African race from slavery to freedom. Everything connected with it must deeply interest those, who like our selves are so intimately and profoundly in volved in its solution. What the results of this measure will be; whether in the long run beneficial or disastrous to one or both the races, with which God in his Providence has peopled this country, largely depends upon the measures adopted by our rulers and legislators, national and State. Gov ernment in its largest sense, in this coun try, is tbe exponent of public opinion. It is all-important, then, that the Pres9, (of the South particularly,) without prejudice for or against either race, should in a calm and dispassionate spirit enlighten the public mind of both sections, by presenting tbe facts, connected with the practical workings of the free-labor system already developed and attested by perfectly reliable witnesses. As a slight contribution to this needful work, permit me to give your readers a few ex tracts from a letter, just received from my brother, who resides on the sea board in Liberty county, Georgia. Premising, that he is a Christian gentleman, cheerful in hie views, and all his life a sea-island cotton planter, proveibial, as 1 know from person al knowledge, even among the negroes, as a most humane, indulgent and conscientious master, I proceed to quote from his letter: “ We five in eventful and trying times — It is to be hoped we will not see worse days It may be necessary for us to pass through greater trials, but the Lord will certainly some day forgive us and cause|his face to shine upon us. My hope is that such regu lations will be made by Congress or State legitiation, as will make negro labor profit able to us. Things cannot remain as they they are. Every allowance ought to be made for those who from a state of slavery have become freemen. The negroes are full oi notions and are new wild in their calculations. The thought is hardly enter tained that they are still to work our lauds. Every one expects to have a farm of his own, and it is a current.opinion among them that these farms are to be given them.— What a state of thing9 there would be, ii the negro is to be under no control, working each his own farm ! There would not be cotton enough made to clothe the people of ihe United Sta es, and our country would not be worth a picayune. The fact of ihe matter is, unless some system ot apprentice ship or compulsory labor i established, in my juigment, the days of the prosperity of this country are at an end * * * * I am afraid the system of free lab ir with the negro race will prove a perfect failure —his aspirations are not high enough. I was told when in Philadelphia, that they were the worst class of citizens they had: It is to be hoped that the Northern and Western States will receive with open arms all that may go that way ; then the evil will be divided among us and life will become tolerable, Let it be a law of the land that every Slate shall be required to receive them. They are, without doubt, the most inert beings the world ever produced.— While the hope of reward will induce some to lead a life of industry, compulsion in some form is the only influence of any virtue with the multitude. R—, I have seen many of them this year without a morsel of food to eat from day to day, spending their time in idleness, trusting I suppose to the liberality of their friends, or expecting by foul means to reap a harvest from those who have la bored for their bread. It makes my heart sick to see so many on the verge of tempo ral ruin. Our land is to be filled with pau pers, and where poverty exists crime will abound. There certainly must be wisdom enough in the country to see the evils whi oh threaten us, and certainly something will be done to ward them off, if fanaticism does not prevail. A man may be so carried away by feeling, as to act without reason.— Yait issues are now before the country; the solution of which the future alone can re veal. I believe the Lord foreordains what soever come3 to pass. Nothing can happen but by His providence or permission. Here I rest my hope.” Speaking of the freedmen in his employ, wilh whom he wa9 I thiiik the very first in that section to make contracts, he says: “ Several of those who entered into a formal contract with me at the opening of the year, have broken their obligalione.” Speaking of a neighbor’s plantation he re marks : “ Mr. Q thinks it will be better to sell the corn at Arcadia, the moment it is harvested, as there is no security against the thefts now committed. The negroes are now illustrating to the full, that propensity to steal, which under the strictest discipline we could not control Taere will hardly be a cow left on the land. The military au thorities we have are powerless to stop the evil. Such are the facts and sentiments present ed by one who has not the remotest idea that whathe has written will find its way into a public print. What he writes is true. Let f cts be diffused abroad and let all who love our country; let all who truly love the human race and especially those who are in positions of influence or authority, ponder, deliberate and decide under the influence of a pure philanthropy and in the fear of God. Yi ura respectfully, R Q M. DEATH OF MADAMBBOLAND. At length, after an Imprisonment ot nearly six months, 6he was taken, in November, 1793, to that fatal Conciergerie,from whence, in those days, no prisoner issued but for the guillotine. Here she was placed in a wretched cell, next to that in which poor Marie Antoinette had been lodged. She who had rejoiced oyer the tall of that un happy queen, was now seen in private mo ments to weep bitterly. Yet her courage did not give way. In the cells were lodged many of the Girondins, who were yet to be executed, and when they were let out in the passage for exercise, she talked to them across Ihe grating of her door, and encour aged them to 1 jok on death as a martyrdom She rose now to the level of an From the Cincinnati Gazette. A RAILWAY TO TBE SOUTH. We invite the attention of Cincinnatians to a letter on the first page, on a railway connection between Cincinnati and the South, and to the following statement of distances in connection therewith : From Cincinnati to Charleston, by way o Knoxville, is 660 miles, and about the same to Savannah. From New York to Charles ton, by railway, is 813 miles, and to Savan nah 917 miles. Thus by railway Charleston is 153 miles nearer to Cincinnati than to New York. The South Carolina and Geor gia system of railways, whose lines are gen- marijruom. era ]jy f rom the interior to the coast, accord in her misery and despair poured out bitter t0 l ' ie g enera V eour!,e 0, Jhe>r rivers, Iron reproaches on the very men who, in th A Woman Overwhelmed with Grief.— The Utica Telegraph states that a lew months ago Dr. Horton, of this city, lost two of his three children. On Tuesday the Doctor himself died. On Thursday the re maining child, a bright girl ot ten, did not feel well, and her mother gave her, as she supposed, a dose of geranium; but, by a sad fatality, mistook for it yellow jessamine, which is a fatal poison given in such a dose. Tbe mother was unconscious of the fatal mistake she had committed nntil the daugh- ter suddenly exclaimed, “Oh, ma, I can’t breathe,” and sank down and died at once. The father and daughter were both buried together Friday afternoon, and a stricken one bowed alone over the graves, who was six months ago a happy wile and mother of three children. hall above, were holding the mock trial of her friends. One by one she saw them de part, never to return, and felt that her turn must be at hand. It cajne at last. Before David, the judge, and Fouquier-Tinville, tbe public prosecu tor, she was accused of being the wife of Roland and the friend of his accomplices She stood before them proudly. " She was dressed simply, in white, and her long rich hair flowed in curls over her shoulders — tier lace, while it had lost all its freshness from long confinement, was still beautiful in expression. This beauty had once melted a whole assembly before which she was ar raigned, but it served only to enrage her present accusers. That very morning, Brissot, the founder of her party, had been executed. She could not hope to escape, yet was resolved to speak out and defend herself to the country. The court was at that time open, and the trials were attended by the dregs of the populace, who interfered with them at plea sure, and mingled coarse invectives with the impertinent questions of the public pros ecutor. The interrogatory was at first ot little importance, consisting of questions about her early life and first connection with Roland. It then passed to questions about his colleagues, and lastly, to such gross imputations upon her character, that she burst into tears. After three hours of this public torture she was dismissed, and returned to her cell. Two days later she was again called up, and the interrogatory proceeded as before. When called upon to tell what she knew of Roland’s concealment, she steadfastly re fused to say a word. “There is no law,” she exclaimed, “in the name of which one can insist on the betrayal of the dearest feel ings in nature.” ‘,With such a talker we shall never have done,” cried Fouquier Tinville, furiously; “close the interrogatory.” She turned on him a look of withering pity. “How I pity you 1” she said; “you can send me to the scaffold, but cannot take from me the joy of a good conscience, and the conviction that posterity will acquit Ro land and me, and devote our prosecutors to infamy.” She was told to choose a pleader. She chose Chanveau, and retired, crying merrily as she went, “I only wish you, in return for the harm you wish me, peace of mind equal to what I leel, whatever price you attach to it.’’ She ran down the steps eagerly. Her friends were waiting to receive her in tne passage, and as she passed through them, she drew her fingers across her delicate throat, to show that she was condemned. The tumbril had come and gone inces santly on the fatal day. It was on its last journey for that day that it took up Mad ame Roland and an old trembling man named Lamarche. The mob, reveling in blood, shouted, “A ia guillotine!” “I ain going there,” ehfc answered: “but it will not be long before those who send me hith er will follow. I go innocent; but they, will come stained with blood, and you who applaud our execution, will then applaud theirs.” The mob answered her witb the vilest insults and grossest epithets. Youth and beauty could no more excite admiration in their ferocious hearts than the sight of trembling old age by her side could draw forth pity. Lamarche wept bitterly ; but Madame Roland, proud of her fate, was un naturally gay, and strove to encourage him When they arrived at the Place de la Gon corde, where beneath a huge clay statue of Liberty stood the guillotine, reeking still with the blood of her friends, she leaped lightly from the cart. The executioner pulled her by the arm toward the scaffold “Stay,” said she, feeling sympathy for her. companion even at this moment; “I have a favor to ask, though not for myself.” She then explained that the sight of her death would redouble the old man’s misery, and begged that he might be allowed to die first, She heard the knife fall on his neck without a shudder; then bowing to the great statute she cried, * O Liberty, Liberty 1 how many crimes are committed iu tby name 1’’ and mounted the scaffold firmly. In a few seconds her head, fair as it was,, rolled into the basket prepared to receive it. Thu?, at nine-and-tbirty, died this strange woman. There is more warning than of example in her story. Some days later, some shepherds trudging aloDg a Norman highway, with their flocks before them, spied in a ditch a body of a man. They raised it up, found it to be that of an old man, tall, thin—stern even in death. In his heart was yet the stiletto which belonged to yonder sword stick lying by; and on his breast was pinned a paper with these words on it: “Whoever thou art that findesf these remains, respect them as those of a virtuous man. After my wife’s death, I would cot remain another asy up on this earth, so stained with crimes.” This was Roland, who had thus destroyed himself. — The Queens of Beauty. northwest to southwest, utter advantages to tins connection with Cincinnati. beyond those described merely by distances. Y,.f in the maltarot distances alone we have ad vantages over New York, including even the coast towns, the points most remote from us. To the interior great producing regions of.these States, we present still nearer connections, which will take in West North Carolina. When we come to the gr« at cotton and sugar-growing regions ot the .southwest, the difference in < ur tnvor becomes much greater. From Cincinnati to Mobile, by way of Knoxville, i» 743 miles, and to New Orleans 843 From New York to Mobile, by the Virginia and East Tennessee Rail way is 1,201 miles, and to New Orleans is about 1,310 miles. Thus, the distance from Mobile to New Yoik is 458 tnihs greater than to Cincinnati, and fiom N w Orleans 458 miles greater, if wc view ihcsc comparative distances as hearing on the trade between the South and Cincinnati, they show an advantage that will insure 'o ua a great trade when ihe c muecting link is built. Or, if we view it. as a toute for the travel between the Bomhwest and the Eia , we shall find that the ihtf reuee in tV e dis tance between a route by way of Ciucinna: , and one E -at over the Virginia and E i»t Tennessee roads, will be more th in made up by the superiority of the Northern roads, their easier grades, stra'ghter lines, better equipment and higher speed. Cincinnati, however, will • ffer to tie South theb st marker, for the purchase ot her agricultural machinery an i implements and mvcbani' s’ tools, and of Midi agricul tural produc s as she may have to buy from the North, and < f furniture, iron and tin ware and all the principal articles ;of domestic manufacture. And it seems to us that, tak ing into the account the difference in favor of Cincinnati in the travel and trims portamn to and irom the S. mil, she can turnish to Smtii rn buyers imp >rtui goods and articles ot New England manu facture on as favorable terms as Ihe mrr chants of New York. Her c uion, ulso, in a wide extent, ol country, will find a cheap er transit by lira route than by the circuitous way of road, livers ami sea, with their va rious transhipmen s. The building of 138 miles of road will complete tltis connection. As a great through line of Hade and travel between the Erst anrT Southwest, this rouie lias ad Vantages that will, from the start, insure it a profitable business. It will make Cincin nati the center of the trade of a wide re gion, that, with her other advantages, will accelerate her growth, and established be yond all rivalry her position as Qneen of tbe West. Is Not Satisfied with It.—The Em peror of France is not satisfied with the re cent partition ot Schleswig and Holstien between Austria and Prussia, who went to war with the other German powers to libe rate the Duchies aud then treated them as provinces. Napoleon pretends to feel out raged that Prusoia should consult her con venience only, and the Paris Temps argues that in doing so she afforde justification for France to do the same thing, and it mildly hints that some point on the Rhinish fron tier might be convenient to France, who had the same right to appropriate it. This is the way these old powers talk and act. The people of a territory are nothing at all, if any Government wants the territory, and is able to bold it. When they w ml it they gene rally find a precious pretext for seizing it and then they gloss over (heir intentions by some appeal to national soirit or national traditions, which insures them the support of their own people in committing the re b- bery. Napoleon has been long desiring the extension of his empire to ! he Rhine. fle can lake advantage ot this diplomatic ar rangement of the Duchies ns a pretext for ex.ending it. I: he shou d proceed fur her in that policy, he will have the liberation of a p ople from oppressions as the or/ to jus tify his act3 and arouse the sp : r.t of Fiance to the work. » A Pretty Puzzle.-“Now, d.ar, I will bet yon anything that you can’t tell which is the front of my new bonnet.” AY EXPENSIVE MISTAKE. Yesterday one of the wealthy men of this metropolis visited Wall street on a little business with a banking firm doing busi ness not many doors above the corner of William, and Wall streets. The old gentle man like many another man of money, wore a poor suit of clothes, and a hat that had once been fashionable. Moreover, his coun tenance was not familiar to the men of Wall street, and his business habits were not suited to the locality. On entering the of fice of the firm, he very deliberately walked up to the first vacant aim c.-iir an I sat down in it, at the same time removing his hat and deliberately wiping the perspiration Irom his forehead. While engaged in this operation, Mr. C , the junior member of the firm, walked in. Espying a poorly-clad man sitting in his chair, the young banker’s temper was ruffled, and he rudely ordered the stranger to vacate his seat. Mr. L was in no hurry to obey the mandate, and mildly suggested that he had “a little busi ness to transact” first. “Well, I guess you can do that on your feet, as readily as in my chair,” said the banker, and at the same time, witb a gesture of impatience, taking hold of the piece of furniture. “But I am tired, and it is very warm, and I want to rest a little, besides my business will require some time,” persisted Mr. L—, who spoke slowly and acted deliberately. The manner and appearance of the poorly clad, but weal- thy man, annoyed the spruce banker, who vented his irate feelings by forcibly ejecting the occupant from his chair, and telling him that his business could not be ot sufficient importance to deprive a gentleman of his own seat. “May be not, sirl May be not!" said Mr. L , with an expression of anger.— “I came down town to see your firm about the investment of some two hundred thou sand dollars that will be paid to me in a few days, but as I dislike your way3 ot doing business, I shall cross the street to B V, where they treat people decently at all events.” Young C thought he might have made a mistake, but would not own it by apologizing, so he answered by saying that he had not the pleasure of the gentle man’s acquaintance, and asked who he might be. “My name, sir,” said the other. “is L , and now that you know me, and my business, I shall bid you good day. and go elsewhere to be treated civilly.” An ex pression of deep mortification overspread the countenance of young C , for he re cognized in tbe name of the min whom he had inuslted one of the “wealthy citizens" of New York, and realized that its firm had lost a valuable customer, whose present business alone would have brought much money into the coffers of the concern. Mr. L left the office, and young C af terwards told our reporter that he would be careful how he made such another expensive mistake.—iV. Y. Sun. Equalizing THE Two Worlds.—Some years ago a gentleman died. Hi3 widow in herited his property and collected the in surance on bis life, and very soon enlarged, repaired, and fitted up her residence in quite luxurious style. A friend calling, ex pressed some little surprise that she had made these alterations so soon after the de cease of Mr. . “Why shouldn’t I do it ?” replied the practical “relic” “My husband, good man as he was, is enjoying a glorious mansion in the skies, aud ot coun-e he wishes me to be as comfortable as possible here on earth ” W ho says that woman’s faith was not shown by ht-r works.—Boston Transcript. The beauty of women enticeth men to sin against the statute. Ridicule is a weak weapon when leveled at a strong mind. < He who scoffs at the crocked had need go very upright himself. Man never is, but always to be, blest.