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Sd-lUcckhi Cljroiikk&Sentind. WILLIAM E. JONES & Co. AUGUSTA, Ga. TUE-DAY MORNING, JANUARY 14,1840. Vol IY.~No. 5. THi CHiION * 1-K AM» SEVHN El.. IS PUDMSHF.D D ILY TRI-WEEKLY, ANU WEEKLY, At No. 200 lirond-flreet. terms: n,,i/ / paper, Ten Dollars per annum, in advance. I'ri ,Vee .7 y pnper, at Six Dollars in advanced S ‘vcn at the end of the year. Weekly,>ap r, Three Dollars inadvance,or l ourat p ihe end of year. ... Clliit'M' I.K AM) SI'.NTIMiI- Att< li S A. MONDAY MORNING, JANUARY 13. mail from the North last evening. The news from Washington city embraces the proceedings of Congress up to Monday last, in clusive. On that day nothing of importance transpired. An arrival ut New York brings ini lligence from Livorpool to December 7lh. 'The political news is not of much importance. Colton had declined a 1 itle. Toe tallowing is an extract liom a letter to a commercial House in this city, daicd LiVKUPoot, December G, 1839. The sales iiiia week b«ile*»»anu bacli h.ib been tue iiiixuii) Ij tcil since lire ar. ival t»t ue iirca. W estern, mat prices have declined to jjd, and ihe market closes as null as ut any nine Hus year. It is not very likely that we shall have a large import soon irom Die Atlantia Stales. Dot from me increasing stock and de clining prices in New O. leans, we shall doubtless have an ample supply Irom thence, ut least sulh cient to keep prices wlieie they are, it not to re duce Liiein to a lower standard, unless the manu facturing trade improves, ol which there is no im mediate p.osp.ct. l ilt) want ot the usual re mand, lor ..niiiaand the East as well as lor the United Btales, added to toe still advanced value > ol money, so severely felt in the home consump tion, all combine to cheek increased activity or speculation, however favorable the depressed prtce ol the raw material may he to it. Fair Uplands, or very nearly so, we are told, have been sold to-day, at the extreme no minal quotations we consider lo he from 5J lo 7| the lower qualities however arc alone saleable and bear a relative higher value, as the buyers appear determined to nave quantity rather than quality for men money. December 7th. The packet not having sailed, 1 open this let ter lo say, that ihe sales to-day are 30 0 hales, and the market made the same as lo price. The slock of American is computed at 229,500, about what it was tnc tame lime last year. I hear ot no sales in New Upland, hut from what I see do ing in New Orleans, 1 snould think 7J a very ex treme price for the former. At a meeting of the citizens of Burke County, at the Court House, on the llth ol January, 1840, for the purpose of adopting measures lo carry into effect the construction of the Augusta and Waynesboro Kadroad, Colonel A. J. Lawson was called to the Chair, and W. W. Hughes Esq. appointed Secretary. On motion of Col, Thomas M. Berrien, It was Resolved, That Edward Garlii k, James W. Jones, E .ward Palme , Jesse P. Green, Jo se,.|| S Reynolds, Ezekiel Lester CliaDes White head, William W. Hugo s, Pnilip K >bmson Jr. William Uyne, Alex.inner Carswell William ■>. Douglass, vVilham E. Evans, uideon Dowse, Wihiam Barron, Joseph A. Shew make, Robert Pullers >n. Henry Lewis, and Edward Hat’her, be a p allied a Committee lo ascertain the num ber ol persons willing lo subscribe loi siock in the Augusta and Waynesboro Rail Road i.'oinpa ny, payable in money or work, or in a portion ol each, an J in such manner as they may severally speciiy in writing in said Committee, or either of . tlicm Resolved further. That the Committee be re quested lo report lo a meeting of the citizens of Burke coumy, lo he couv. lied in Waynesboro, on me first i uesday in February next. Resolved, That the proceedings of this meet ing be. signed by the Chairman and Secretary, and mat a ci py ue fund lied for publication, and that the Editors in Savannah and Augusta be requsted to give it one mseition. Resolved, I hat this meeting adjourn to the first Tuesday in Feh.ua y next, A. J. LAWSON, Chairman. W. W. Hct.i ks, Sec’ry. From the National Intelligencer. National Medical Convention. The third decennial National Meilieal Con vention, mr the revision of the Pharmacopeia of the United Stales, assembled in the City Hull, Washington, on the Ist January, 1840. Toe following Medical Societies and Colleges were represented in the Convention, viz. The Knude Uland Medical Society ; the New Jersey Medical Society ; the College of Piiysiemns ot p.iihidelphni; me University of Pennsylvania; the Jefferson Medical College; the Delaware Medical Socie y ; me Washington University ol Ballimme; the Medical and Chirurgicul Faculty of Maryland ; ‘-he Med.cal Soaiely of the District of Columbia ; ihe Columbian Medical College; the Vincennes Medical Society ot Indiana, and the Georgia Medical Society. The credentials of the delegations from the White Mountains’ Medi cal Society of Vermont, from the Medical Society of New Hampshire, from the Albany Medical Society, ami from the College of I hysieians and ’ Surgeons of Lexington. Kentucky, were present ed by the President, hut the Delegates were pre vented from allending. The Convention elected Lewis Condict, M. D., of New Jersey, President; George B. Wood, M. D.. of Ph ladelphia, Vice Prcsid- nt; N. W. Worthington, M. D., of Georgetown, D. • ~ Secretary ; Haivey Lindsly, M. D., of Washing ton city. Assistant Secretary. The chief object of the Convention being the revision and emendation of the Phai maeopaia of 1830. this subject engaged it. attention primarily, and, after mature deliberation, and a tree inter change of opinion among the Delegates from different parts of the Union, the Convention re ferred to a committee of seven mcmliers all the documents in its possession, with instructions carefully to revise prepare, and publish the Phar macopeia of the United Slates for 1840, under the authority of this Convention. Arrangements were also made for the assem bling of the fourth decennial Convention in Washington, on the first Monday in May, 1850, Other business, of great interest lo the Medi- cal profession of the country, was transacted; and a zo d for the extension of Medical science, together with a spirit of generous cordiality, was manifested by the Delegates, which must con tribute greatly to secure the objects of the Con vention. Having passed votes of thanks to the officers of the onvenlion.and to the Board ot Aldermen for the use of their room the Convention, after a session of three days, adjourned. Annexed are the names of the Officers of the Police and Might Guards, to whom the Mayor has distributed the eight hundred dollars reward from toe Institutions of this city, for the faithful discharge of their duties during the last summer, namely : City Constables, L. T. Shopp, E. G. McGolrick, K. H. Watson, John Timmerman. Night Gu irds. Samuel Lindsey, Reuben Elbert, J. J. Brookshire, Dennis Collins, James Moore, Philip McDonald, John Bailey. James Powers Aaron Shaw, Win. H. Neyland, James Smith, John Bordoe, Elihu Gibbs, Thomas Russell, George N. t ook, Win. H. Wilson. Correspondm: eof the National Inle'ligencer. Mkw Yoiik, Jan. 5, 1840. The packet ships which were so long detained in the harbor by the ice, reached the city last night in tow of steamboats. The news by the England, which is to the 7th fr on London, and Sin, is not at all remarkable, and may bs staled in substance to lie— A decline in cotton of a farthing, caused by the report of the state of the crops carried out by the Great Western. A check, if not a defeat, of the French forces in Africa — A ante El Kaiikii having made sud den onsets upon toe French outposts, witli much success. Tne Paris press seems to be chiefly occupied with this mailer, and the Government is hastening forward large reinforcements, so that the na al and military districts in the south of Franco arc in a state of great activity. The Duke of Oiilkans goes out with the reinforce ments. Eastern affairs seem to be settled. The so called charter of the new Sultan, is said to have been promulgated in spite of Russia, and it at tracts great attention all over Europe. From Spain there is m thing worthy of com ment. It is believed that tt.e new Ministry will have a small majority in the new Cortes. The G.eat Western went out in thirteen days and a half. The impression seemed to be general in Eng land that the British Government intended the blockade the Chinese ports, and that Admiral Maitland had be n ordered from the East In dies to China, for such apm pose. The specu lation in leas in England was. in consequence, large, and there was a great advance in the mar ket. There had been (December 7) in London, as coruing to the Courier, a decided improvement in the prices o( American securities, and large in vestments were made in favorite descriptions.— Ohio six per cents, have buyers at 87 J ; New York five per cents, are 83 to j; Maryland 77, dividend off, being an advance of 4 per cent. — United States Bank Shares are 16/. 10». to 17/. per share. There is a rumor in the city that Mr. Jaudon has secured another large loan, l.ut. at the hour I write this, I have nut the means of as certaining the fact. The Eastern and Northern mails bring ns no thing new. Tne votes for Governor in Massa chusetts had not lieen counted. Correspondence if the New York Keening Star. Litkhpoul, December 1, 1839. Would you wish to know what we think of the money crush in Ameiica 1 >Sii iply, that the worst has come, and that, on the principle ex pressed in the old proverb, when things are as bad us they can be, there is a chance of their mending. This is pour consolation, but it is all we have. The crash will do comparatively little injury to this country, because the dilficulues of 1836-7 necessarily knocked up a considerable portion of the credit which our manu-acturars were in the hat.il of giving to their Trans-Atlantic customers. But it will do much injury to our tiadc. as orders will necessarily lie restricted for some lime. In France, from all public and private accounts the news has fallen heavily, a though certainly not unexpectedly. At Lyons, it m hantly caused a dead stop in most of the silk manuta tunes, and the workmen are thrown out ol employ. In France and England, the manner in which Mr. Juudun has borne himself has won the highest praise—l might say, the highe.-t sympathy. He has manfully borne up under ditli uhies of no oidinary kind, and even yet continues to maintain the credit of the United Stales Bank in Europe, by scrupulously meeting its extensive engagements as they full due. I have no personal acquaintance with the gentle man. aril only state what 1 am convinced is the general o, imon respecting him. Enough of this subject. I have now to tell* yon that popular minor reports (for the hnn dredlh time, th.it Lord Melbourne has acquainted a conservative nobleman with his intention of resigning the Freadership, before the opening of ttie Parliamentary Session in February. To give you my own opinion, 1 believe that the Premier, who very notoriously is a lover of his case, would have no disinclination to leave office, if his col leagues would permit him. The Queen has be come so accustomed to his society—lor he is just the pococurante fellow !o amuse a lively young woman with wit and scandal—that, were he to leave office to-morrow, the chanc s are two to one that he would be as constant a visiter to the Queen’s table as he is al present. He has made himself so successary to the Queen (us reta lerof scandel. satire, jests, and-so-forth.) that her little Majesty really could not dispense with his society. To be sure, be is but a dull relic of what he was thirty years ago, when (as plain William Lamb) he was a man of wit 4 upon town,” but he still is a most excellent table companion, a most livelv story-teller, an inimitable droll. The principal ladies and gentlemen of the Court, who are the Queen’s daily companions, are chiefly the rela tions. connexions, or intimate associates of the gay Premier, and he is sure of their good word in the Queen’s ear, .owever matters turn out. But, as I have hinted, however careless he may be as to continuing in office, they do not share that indifference. H s resignation might involve a change which would eventuate in their dis missal,—for there is no likelihood that the Queen I will again be so green as to make 44 the friends of the youth” an excuse for taking back a rnin’slry who have lieen compelled to resign by a polite vote in a House of Commons chosen under their i own especial auspices. i Again, Lord Vie bourne's colleagues would lie likely to resist his retirement,so iur as they could, because it might lead to a new Cabinet in which they would have no pi ire, and the nieinuers ot the Melbourne administration (with tew excep tions) cannot well utlord to do without the eniol uments ot ottiee. With t c exception ot Lords Holland and Landsdowne, and Sir John Hob house. (he ministry and the rest of the govern ment officials are compaialively poor men, and the salary of their situations is a matter of great moment to them. On the other hand, the bulk of the Tory Statesmen who would ta.,e office if a Conservative Government were formed, are very wealthy ; —such are Peel, Wellington, Stan ley, Lowther, de Grey. Ashburton, Aberdeen, Wharnelitfe, Herries. W.lton, and so on. To them the spoils of office are of no importance; but to the Whigs the matter is different; and such being the case, they would endeavor to per suade Lord Melbourne not to jeopardize them by giving in his resignation. There is an important point to be consider! d, namely, if he does resign, w.io would succeed him? If he does before the meeting of Parlia ment, Lords Durham or Normandy would proba bly be competitors for the Premiership, although 1 think that Lord John Russell would oh.ain it. But shou d Lord Melbourne remain in office un til the Parliamentary campaign, (during which he would find his majority of lw> reduced to a majority against him.) he n ns the chance of being eaten upon several questions, and this defeat would force him (as he was forced in May) to tender his resignation to the Queen. In such case, her Majesty, however reluctantly, would again lie compelled to apply to the Tories, whom she hates, to form an administration. But bitterly piqued as she is against Sir Robert Peel for having exposed her onstinacy on the subject of her bedchamber women, it is by no me ans likely that she would like to have recourse ioh » aid, and that she would even make this per sonal pique n direct plea for n>t having a Cun servalive Ministry at all. She would say, and with some plausibil.tv, ‘-Sir Robert Peel is a gen tleman towards whom I cannot entertain >cry kind feelings, and therefore I must decline hav mg him as my Prime Minister.” But. unless ru mor be much in error, the Conservatives have provided againt this. There is a very generally icceived report that the pros and com of the mat ter have all been duly weighed at the > urltun Club, and that a very sagaeiou- conclusion has been arrived at That, to humor the silly pre judice of the Queen, should the Melbourne Min istry break up, (and this is calculated on as cer tain, by persons of all politics.) the Conserva tives, to whom the Queen must apply, as the Radicals cannot make a Ministry, will not three Sir R. Peel upon her us Premier No, that plan, ns [ am informed on compeient authority, will be for the Duke of Wellington to advise her Majes ty to call upon Lord Stanley to form an ad mis tration. He is said to be rather a favorite than otherwise with her; he was not mixed up in the affair of the bedchamber women, and if he was called into the Upper House, there wou'd he Peel to carry on the Government in the Commons, as Home Secretary or Chancellor of the Exchequer. Should matters thus he arranged, a few months hence you will he able to appieciate tbe accuracy of my information and speculations. The reduction of postage, which commences on the sth December, is a great accommodation. It will send a letter from Cape Clear in Behind to John O’Groal’s house in Scotland, a istance ot nearly 1100 miles for four pence. It is prepara tory to the adoption of the postage of a penny for every letter of not more than half an ounce, no matter what distance it has to travel. The ministry having refused to grant any com pensation to the owners of the < piuin seized try the Chinese, it is now believed that a naval f ,rce will lie employed to obtain it from China. In deed the last accounts from India say that Sir F. Ma lland had been directed to proceed with a na val squadron from Trincomalee to Madras, to await orders to sail for Macao, preparatory to an attack upon Canton, The apprehension that the American trailers, who have preserved terms of amity with China, will engross the trade, pre vails in the commercial classes here, and is the cam e ot much jealousy The reprint ot American Tales, Sketches, I'oe t*y. &c. under the name ‘-The American Mis cellany,” bids fair to he very popular. Knowles has £GOO for "Love.” and Bulwer £7oo for the-Sea Captain,” besides what their booksellers give them for the copyright. The American minister and his lady remain in the north of England, paying a round of visits to the nobility, E ery thing leads to the belief that Russia is for war. Against what power I Augusta Maywood made her debut asarf/n.'t u*e. in Taglioni's style, at the Academic Royale. on the Illb inst., and has astonished the Paris ians; they look on herns inferior only to Tag lioni. The whole amount of bullion nowin the eof fers of the Bank of England is only 2$ millions. Its securities amount to nearly 24 millions sterl ing : its liabilities (circulation 17 millions and deposite G millions) to 2:t millions leaving about £3,000,000 on the credit side. jr From the Baltimore Sun. S Report ol the Secretary ol War. ' This document being rather long for our col umns, we present the substance of it to out rea ders. It appears, that the army has, during the past year, been kept on active duly, in Florida and on the northern, we-tern and maritime fron tiers. that benefits is derived from keeping them together in as large masses as the circumstance* of the country will permit, anil that the camp of instruction at Trenton has hail very salutary ef fects. Some legislative provision is staled to he necessary, to prevent the entrance intothe service, of improper recruits, such as minois, who either bring false certificates of parental consent, or com mit perju-y by swearing themselves to be of age. and afterwards claiming to he released for non age. It is also recommended to extend the law of March 2d, 1837, providing for the enlistment of boys for the naval service, so as to embrace the army and ordinance. Works of defence at the outlet of Lake ('ham plain, at old Fort Covington. Black Rock and near Detroit, are deemed so essential, that their construction or repair is urged upon the notice of Congress; and it is slated to he one of the prin cipal causes of desertion that while our soldiers are better cl ithed and fed than those of any other country, they are worse lodged. It js deemed es sential to their health and morals, that this evil 1 should lie remedied by the construction of go id barracks, where soldiers are to he permanently quartered. The conduct of Ross and his party towards the '• signers of the treaty of New Eehoia, the turbu-! lent conduct of the Semin.des and Cherobees. the j rnurlers <Src., and the unfriendly di.posilion of' some of them towards tl e whiles, render the spee- : dy completion of the < haiu of posts i n the wes- ! i tern frontier necessary. 1 The Secretary, from personal inspection, as j well its Irum the reports ot llic Chiel Engineer, ; pronounces our maritime defences lo l>c totally inadequate to the purpose of security against an invadingenemy. Boston and Newport arc near ly in a condition to repel invasion , hut Ports mouth, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Charleston, Savannah, Pensacola and all the pons in the gull, require farther protection lo ren der them sale irom attack. Duo regard for the eecunty and honor of the country require a per fection ot our maritime dclenccs. and as the good ol the army requires it lobe kept together in as large masses us possible, it is recommended lo garrison the forts with small detachments, aided by the neighboring unlit a in ease of need; it is also recommended to organize volunteer corps in the vicin ly ol the forts. In res|ieci to the organization of the mil'tia. he proposes to divide the United States into eight military disnicts, and lo organize the militia in each district, so us to Itavu a hotly of twelve thou sand li>c hundred man inactive service; and another of equal number as u reserve. This would gi»e an armed militia force ot two hundred thousand men, so drilled mid stationed, us lo be ready to take their places in the ranks in de enco ol tile country, whenever called upon lo oppose the enemy or repel the invader. The age ol the recruit to he from twenty to thirty-seven. The whole term of service to be eight y ears; four years in the first class, and four in the reserve. One fourth part, twenty-five thousand men, to leave the ser tee every year, passing, at the conclusion of the first term, into the reserve, and ex. mpted from ordinary mill! a duly altogether, at the cud ol the seoMid. In this manner twenty-live thou sand men will he discharge d from militia duly ■every year, ami twenty-five thousand fresh recruits he necoived into the service. It will he sufficient for all useful purposes, that the remainder of the militia, mder certain regulations provided for their government, be enrolled and be mustered ut long and stan d intervals; for in due process ol lime, nearly the whole mass of the militia will puss ■through t ic first and second classes, and he either mcmliers of the uclivc corps, or of the reserve, or ■counted among the exempts, who will he liahje to ibe celled upon only in periods of invasion minent peril,—'The manner of enrolment, the ■number ol' days of service, and tlic rale of com pensation, ought to he fixed by law, hut the details had better be left subject to regulation. The failure of General Macomb's treaty with the Indians in Florida, their faithlessness un\_ 'cruelty, as exhibited in nume ous murders, violation of that treaty, have destroyed all hope of a termination of .the war in that Territory in any other way than by extermination, which will re quire greater exertions, and probably other means than those hitherto tried. The military occupa tion of :he Territory, as provided for in a bill in troduced into the Senate at the last session is re commended, and nu horily is asked to raise one thousand men, to serve there during the war, lo receive the pay ol dragoons, aim a bounty in lanu at its termination. They arc to he trained with an especial view lo Indian warfare. This body nl men is asked for because ol the condition of the western and northern frontiers, when, c it is not deemed prudent lo withdraw any of the troops stationed there. Some apprehension is yet en tertained that Canadian refugees may possible en deavor to seduce some of our citizens into lawless acts, which the presence of troops may prevent. The small arms manufactured both at the nation sl armories and by private contractors, are highly ■eulogized; hut as the sinic cannot he said ol can non, the establishment of a national foundry is recommended, and also a national manufactory of .gunpowder, in which there should always he at least a yeat’ssupply of the materials for the man ufacture of this necessary article. The ordnance department has been actively engaged in manu facturing all kinds of ordnance stores, the con struction of war rockets, &c. ihe sale ot the mineral lands is recommend ed, as far pre crahle lo letting them on lease,.by which the mining operations are diminished. The duties of the Quartermaster’s depintment i have been performed with a highly creditable de gree of ability, integrity and prompitude, anil all connected with it are duly praised. The great western road is in a stale of forwardness; the surrey from Fort I eavenworlh to Fort Spelling has been completed ; the works at Fort Smith have been retarded for want of laborers; and de fences on the lllionois ri-er, west of the Arkan sas boundary, have been commenced. It is recommended, that two of the pn sent pay masters should he appointed assistant paymasters ■general, with the pay and emoluments td lieu tenant colonels, and lo perform additional duties. The medical stall'of the army has been active ly engaged, and is eulogized for its disposition lo ant the cause of science by collecting facts, that ■contribute to that end. The system of river and harbor improvements is thought to require revision. It is believed that such works are too frequently undertaken with out a sufficient previous knowledge of tha nec essary detail, and that much money has been spent, where the advantages to he gained were private rather than public, which lends to lire g the system into disrepute It i- objected against the practice of confining the department, in the execution of works ol internal improvement, lo certain plans, that ■ uch plans are often found lo he inapplicable, that in the progress of such works deviation front, or entire changes of the plans, become necessary, hut cannot he made, on ac eount of Ihe restriction, and hence large sunisare often thrown away, or the appropriations cannot be applied, as in lire case of. the light house pro jected on the Brandywine shoals. It is thought the department ought to he allowed more liberty in this respect. In reference to the Chief of the Topographical Engineers, the Secretary says, it is highly grati fying to him. to he able to speak from his own personal observation, ot the activity, order, and good management which reign throughout the works, both military and civil, which are con ducted hy the officers of this corps. Ihe condition of the Military Academy at. West Form is represented to bo satisfactory; but their accommodations are sa d to he miserable, and the erection ot a none spacious and commo dious building is recommended. It is also sug gcsled that the cadets bo instructed in field en gineering, and that a body of sappers and miners he erealed. The three dragoon officer* of the first regiment, who were sent to France, for improvement in military tactics, have been well rerebed hy (lie Frerudi Government and are hi lie followed nexi yepr by an equal number Irom the second regi ment. tT»v« more efficiency and fairness lo court martial, rr j H recommended that a written system for their direction be prepared, so framed ns to apply to the land and and sea service, and that h judge .'ul«o< ate be appointed. i he niimla'r of invalid pensioners lias increas ed during the last six y ars. owing principally the hardships and dangers of tlic Florida war; but the Revolutionary pensioners under al I , different acts, widows m inded, have dcreasi considerably. Tim whole amount paid during ilif last year, under Ihe several pension lows, is $3,690,664 69. Inrunvenienee is außereJ, on account, that corporations and individuals receive no compensation for transacting the business of paying pensions. Agents continue in office only on the hope of compensation front Congress; hut the Secretary thinks if the President’s plan for keeping the public money he adopted, the pensions ; may lie paid win.out any cast to the (tovei n meiit. It is reeonnm nded to continue the office of Commissioner ol pensions, which will expire in 1840, and toextend heyond he present period of eight months, the lime for returning to the Treasury unclaimed pensions. The appropriations tor Indian education have failed ol their object but it is suggasled that their instruction he not lost sight of. ll the Winneba go Indians do not consent to go to the country southwest ol the Missouri, they will he compelled next ■'Spring to march In the neutral ground, al ready occupied as hunting and battle ground, by lha hostile SSionx. Sacs and Foxes, In view of the proximity o. the time when all the Indians will he removed Irnm the Hiatt's, it is suggested as a plan for their government, that tribunals he established among them, in their new country, for the prompt trial and punishment 01 crimes, as es sential to the preser> ation of order, and the ame lioration of their condition. An exploring pa ly sent to the northwest, have extended their examinations in the lalley of the River Jaquea and Mayeunes, which discharge in to the Red River, to the Devil’s Lake between tne 48th and 4!lth degrees of north latitude.— I his lake is between 40 and 46 miles long, in some places about hall as wide, its waters us salt as those of the ocean, abounding in fish, its shores and mum runs islands well wooded. The description will,answer, except as to size for all the smaller lakes; and the whole region is de serilied as beautiful, fertile and healthy. A map will soon he forthcoming of the entire region be tween the 87th ond lOoth degrees of west longi tude, and the 40th and 49th degrees of north lati tude. It is-inUiiided to continue those researches until they shall have crossed the Rocky Moun tains, and readied the Pacific. The report concludes by asking an appropria tion for surveys uomiected with the military de fen, es of the country; one object of which is, to enable the Department to commence hydrograph ical survey of the lakes, which is much needed, on account of the increasing commerce of those L inland seas, of which no correct chart is in existj) ■C i_ JF Post Ofsice Law.—lt has been decided i.i the Supreme (v’ouitol Pennsyl ania. that a post master is not accountable liirlhe secret delinquen cies of Ins subordinates; and that an act on does not lie against him for the purloining of a letter by a sworn assistant upp.anted and retained by him in good faith. CUM il KiICIAL. Latest (litten from Liverpool, Die. 7 Lnlcxl dates from Havre JVoo. 30 Chakleston, .limitary 11. ( olton —ln the absence ol late authentic inior (nation from Kurope, respecting sales of i plands, a variety ol rumors are aarond respecting unfavor able private advices from that souice, and the gen eral impression is, that the article must shortly de e ine from its present standard, and a ready a re duction of about i cent on the genera range of asl rates has been established, tur navig ,ble rivets being at present in good boating order, utlon is ac cumulating gradual j ,and the slock on baud is arge The sales have been heavy this week, more so than we have noted in the same peiiud during the season. Transactions reached 9057 bags at the so lowing prices: 7at 7 (cuts; 9, 7A; 9,8; 98.84; 7,8/ji 322, 8$; 129, 8$; 618, Sjf; 80,8,1; 2160, 9; 416, 9j, 17.1a, hi; 18(1,9$, 1167, 94; 374, 9A; -9s, 9J; 60, 9s; 629, 1(1; 94, 10$; 87, 10$; 130, 10. ; and 280 ar lojc per lb. Long Cottons.ire du 1, and but 226 bags were sold since our iast,iit from 31 to 60 cents per lb. , Rice —f ast weeks prices on 1 ice have been gen erally sustained, anil we do nut note any alteration from former quotations; the sates were animated, and the rates looking tip. Amount slock on hand light, Ihe sales amounted to 2897 tierces at from 4)2; to $3 7-16 per i wt Flour —Little has been done in this article during the week—a few small sales of llii.fimorc for home use were effected at Lorn <6s to },(j 87 per hbl; 112 hhls “ffaxall” sfl dat $6 7-8 to >7i per hbl. drain —Severn cargoes Corn were received this week, amounting to about 16 000 bushels, which were taken by dealers at 63 a 66c per bushel. Fens —t here were no arrivals, we quote the ar ticle at 70 et« per bushel. (•raceries —The various commodities eumpiisrd in this branch of trade, are almost unsaleable; ope rations are completely at a stand mid prices no minal. Beveral of the ending aitioles were at dif ferent times put up at am tion, but withdrawn sot want of purchasers Spirits —2l,0 bids Northern W hiskey, sold at 33 cts per gallon. Sail —We heard of no operations since our last. The best Liverpool in sacks is wuilti $1 j. Huron Is veiy dull Hams me selling at 10 to 16 cents per lb; Mdis 8$ a 9; u.id sliou dcis 8 a HI. cents crib. Exchange —On Kngland. 8$ a 9> per cent prem France, 6i 16c a 5f 26c. New V ork and Hoston, Sight are taken at 2 per cent premium, 3bdays, time off. Richmond,6o days I percent. Rank of Charleston rales of Exchange, on the New Yoik, 3 per cent premium. Philadelphia, 2 per cent Columbia and Camden, 2 per ct dis. Savannah Rank notes, 6 per ct discount. Spanish Doubloons, $17., Mexican 4|« Sovereigns. $4 96; Specie, 1, per ct prem. STATEMENT or COTTON. 8. 1. fjplMs Stock on hand Ist Oct. 1973 2733 Received this week, 1301 6 <77 do. previously, 8680 5 .678 6854 91388 Kxported this week, do. previously, 2324 54494 On.sbip board, 4 ,0 12666 3308 74643 Stoc k on hand, 24^ _ „ , Nkw York, Jan. 4. Colton —1110 date of our last being ,*.ew VearN we have to review only the past two day S; dui in ’ this period the market has con tinned to present the ’••me Appearance of hue tivily previously nolic. <J, . i the* entue aniount ol I. .usai tiuu, compiisiug 0111. 1 I Oh ua es. In piiees however, there has been no ! farther variation 01 ini,.u.lance; Hie sales embrace I 360 bales 1 plan 1 at 9.1 1n.,;, 600 do New . rle ns 1 lb a I If; amt 160 F.urnia at 9. a Ip cents: forming .■total to, the week oi 19.1 bales, heaiiiv Is have been -from New cleans, 796 ba , es i tiforgu, 66 j So nh ) aroiuia, 7 b l t onh C'aiolt, a, Total, 2 7,. total import since I I inst, 2070 Export Lum Isltu.ilst ,c 7;to r.xp I IW»ol nice l»l 1 ill, 2CO.Hu ane t me la-t, e,l ,v„.,7 barne time yeai before, 19v,603 Fluur —The K.our mai ket since our last publica tion has continued to present the same appearance of extreme inactivity before noticed, the sales scarcely extending beyond small parcels as wanted to supply the usual demand for city use They in clude western Canal at $5 75 for the ordinary, and s■’> *7i for fancy brands; and 400 bbls-Ohio via ca nal, at $5 6 i, though at the c ose that price was refused. The sales of southern also were very limited, including Georgetown at $6; and Howard street at the same rate, witu some transient lots at about $5 87 J; a parcel of 200 bbls Petersburg, a choice brand, was taken for exportation at $6, 60 days. Sugars —The transactions since our last have been confined nlmosi entirely to ICO hhdsofnew crop New Orleans, at iij a cents, on the usual time, showing a further reduction in price of fully iof a cent per lb. In other deseripiions of Slus covadoes, the business has been insufficient to re-- quire notice fox Sugars have also experienced but a trilling demand, although the sales made were within the range of previous quotations. By auction yesterday, 80 hhds new ciop New Orleans at i>i a 6$ cents per lb., 3 and 4 rnos; sale stopped. Macon, January 9. The cotton market continues about yie same as last week. Principal sales from 7to 7} cents.— Inferior and stained cotton 6 to 7 cents. Savannah, January 10. Holton —Ar:'ved> since the 3d inst. 7465 bales Upland, and 425 bales S I cotton, and cleared at the same time 931)6 bales Upland, and 434 bales S 1 cotton; leaving a stock on hand, inclusive of all shipboard not cleared on the tilth Inst., of 14443 bales Up and and 631 bales Sea Island cotton. The supply of Up and continuing very light, prices have been fully supported, and in some instances an ad vance of 4 a j ct paid. The sa.es amount to 4423 bales, viz :14at7±;25at 7$ ;28 at ;72at 8; 21 at 84; 25 at Si; I. at > j : 141 at 8$; 55 atSj; 7S at S|; 206 at 9, 318 at 94; 4 Bat 94 ; 68S at 94 ; 710 at 94; 312 at 9f ; 871 at 9j ; 212 at 9j ; 236 at 10. The business in Sea Island has increas ed. but prices continue to recede ; the sales are 3 at 21; 16 at 22; 30 at 23; 13 at 24; 13 at 334 ; 7 at 24; 8 at'264 !10at26 J. STATEMENT OF COTTON. Upl’ds. S. I. Stock on band, Ist Oct. 1523 118 Received this week, 7466 425 do. previously 46429 886 56417 1438 Exported this week, 9396 434 Ho. previously, 31578 363 40974 797 I Stock on hand, including all on ship board not cleared on 10th inst. 14443 631 Receipts of < otton at the fol owing places since October Ist. 1839 1838 Georgia, January 10, 65.204 83443 South > atolina, January 3, 83602 67443 Vobile, I cvembcr 28, 25649 64497 New ' cleans, December3B, 303193 157338 Florida, December 9. 3337 4624 Noith Carolina, December 14, 1592 1243 Virginia, December 4, 6000 4250 478877 382838 The following is a statement of the stock of cot ton 011 hand ai the tespet live places named. Savannah, January 10, 15074 20741 South Caro inn. January 3, 21176 13565 Mobile, December 28, 17461 44232 New Orleans, I c ember 28, 131010 7tm Virginia, Deeembei 4 1500 1.506 North faro,inn, December 14, 1000 1100 Augusta & Hamburg, Dec. 1, 25000 26615 Macon, January 1, 30148 17000 Florida, I’e ember 9, 1500 3559 Philadelphia, December 2i, 333 2385 New York, December 18, 6000 8000 Sol 102 212868 Rice —Since our last there has been a fair de mand for this article; the sales amounting to 1300 c.is s, at rather lower prices, viz: 2 0 at 2/ ; 55 at 2jJ; 950 at ;40 at 2if. A very prime article would bring $.). Flour —ls dull and declining. Small sa'es of Ifoward-st at $7 ; t anal SS. 101 n— ls retailing from store at 70 aSO ets., ac cording to qua ily. lirui-eiut.— In ' office, Sugar, and Mo'asscs, a fair retail business doing at all prices within the rai gc ol our quotations. Hay —Sales 01 600 Lundies on the wharf at 75 ets. Spirits. —liWomcstic liquors sa cs of Gin at 45 a 55; N.E. Rum at 40; Whiskey 39 a 40 Exchange— On Kng.and, 9 a 10 per ct. prem. limits on New Yo k, at sight, nominal; 5 days sight, 4j percent premium. Freights.—To Liverpool, jd; Havre, IJ cent; New Vork, sl4 per bale Mobile, January 6. Cotton —Since our last report we have received 3,27Sbales;and shipped to Havre 1806, to Boston. 1,198, to Providence 440, and to New Orleans 15 making in a.I 3,409 bales; and .caving Ihe stock not. denied 18,041 bales. At the corresponding period last y car the total Receipts were 8 ,045 baies, the Export 30,688, and the stuck 54,410. A lively enquiry sprung up in the market early in, Ihe week, whu'h established an advance, maintain ed dining the wi ek, of , and sales are estimated to have ameu led to about 600ULa.es. The chief causes of (his imp ovement are lo be tound in the light stocks on sale, the existant stale of our river navigation, and the anxiety oi si uppers to complete their Height engagements—all of which have given sellers a decided advantage ; which, Horn the com plexion of the foreign advices received on Saturday; the,) will probably maintain during ihe coming week, although receipts may be freer. The ac counts from Liverpool were lo include the 2.d No vember, and represent the demand for Cotton in. that market lo In- bris,., toe article having sustain ed itself far hr tier than the most sanguine had an ticipated. Our stock on sale is reduced very low, estimated, not to exceed 1500 bales. The markct.is baicof a choice article, wind! might probably bring a shade above our quotations. Live, poo, Ciassilication.—Good and fine, lOiGood fair. a9J ; Middling Fair; SV a9 ; Middling, 8J a MARINE INTELLIGENCE Savannah, Jan. 9. C cared —Sloop Lark, Draper, Havana. Arrived— lliig Madison, bulkley, New York; brig Lau.el, Drinkwater, Turks Isl nd. rVent to sea —ship Coro anus, Wells, Liverpool-, brig Russell, Matthews, Philadelphia; schr Merry Gallant,Parker, Havana. 1 , . . January 10. Cleared—-tap Berwick, Harding, Liveipool; brig Oglethorpe, Sanne.s, Havana * blip sterling, Saunders, WiscasseU, Me; Hr barqe Mary, Godfrey, Bermuda; brig Pan dora, Shrpa.d, Bo,ton; steam,,oat Chatham Wrav Augusta. Below —S hrs Gen Wayne, and .Azores, from N Orleans. . . Charleston. Jan. 11. Arr l viayeaterd ly- —Ship 1 lellspunt, rations, Uos ton; rr oiig .Maine, io\, Guad,tlou;je; brig Esther, Newcombe, Barba.!o s via lur s Island; brig 1.i.- lov llu.ves, Boston; brig Oceanus, smith, Cadiz sclns Jlary, Hesse, Now .oik; Sarah Young, Wii smi, l* ymouth, N. C.; Ovuca, itromnall, Edent n, Cleared —ship..Vim.o I. Manning, liverdool; sh p Il.ouklyiu ieb rd.so do; si his Jos Man ey E mon-tun. I Mar.s; i.iiuiur, Willey, Jackson vilie. IV nt to set ye e'day. Brigs -.co I 'as S aples Has,III; u,i s .iuucv Hu-lun; ut-hgiUiot Am stcl, .c V I son ol Europe; sen, .imanda Oube« lia, rayfor, New Orleans.