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, ®tHDeehlt) Chronicle & Sfeti HncL
J. W. & W.S. JONES. AUGUST.!, 6a. TUESDAY MOBBING, FEBRUARY 4, 1840. v ._ „
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CHRONICLE AND SENTINEL.
AUGUSTA.
MONDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 3.
Our Reading Room,
Haa just been refitted and furnished with new
lights, and will shortly be supplied, in addition to
the newspapers, wkh the leading periodicals of
this country and Europe; which we trust will
render it worthy the patronage of our friends.—
To render it an agreeable resort, we shall enforce
strictly the rule of admitting none hut subscribers,
and those strangers whom they see fit to intro
duce. In endeavoring to afford a reading room
worthy of the city, wo are induced by no wish or
expectation to render it a profitable business, all
we wish is to defray the expenses. We therefore
hope, that those who desire to avail themselves of
its privileges will readily enter their names upon
our subscription book, which will be found on
the table in the room.
“H.” will find in our columns to-day abundant
excuse for the non-appearance of his reply to
“Anti-Humbugger,” in the space already given
to two communications on the same subject,
which were both or. tile before the reception of bis.
An interview is desired with “Anti-Humbug
ger.”
jy We are requested to call the attention of build
er* to the extensive sale of lumber belonging to
the estate of William Thompson, which takes
place to-morrow. The lumber is said to be well
selected and well seasoned.
Congress.—Abolition Petitions.---^
\ S Our dates from Washington are to the 28lh
/ ult. Nothing of absorbing interest has transpired
in either House, except the adoption of the reso
lution of the Hon. William Cost Johnson, furthe
rejection of Abolition Petitions, which was passed
on that day. We give below the resolution as
adopted, and the yeas and nays on its passage :
Yeas.— Messrs. Alford, Andrews, Atherton.
Banks, lieirne. Black, Blackwell, Bolts, Boyd,
Aaron V. Brown, A. G. Brown, Burke. W. O.
Butler, S. H. Butler, Bynum, J. Campbell, Wm.
B. Campbell, Carroll, Chapman, Coles, Colquitt,
y Connor, M. A. Cooper, Crabb, Ciaig, Crockett,
Cross, John Davis. J. W. Davis. Garret Davis,
D i wson,Deberry. Dennis. Dillet.Drorngoole, Earl,
Eastman, Pine, Fisher, Fornanro, Jas. Garland,
Rice Garland, Gerry, Gogging, Graham, Graves,
Green, GritKn, Habersham, Hawkins, Hill, of Va.
J. Hill, of N. C. Holleman, Holmes, Hopkins,
Hubbard, Jameson, Jenifer, Joseph Johnson, W.
C. Johnson, N. Jones, John W. Jones, Kemble,
Leadbetter, Lewis, Lucas, McCarty, McClellan,
McCulloch, McKay, Medill, Miller, Montanya,
Montgomery, Nisbct, Parish. Parris, Petiikin,
Pickens, Pope, Prentiss, Proffit, Ramsey, Rayner,
Reynolds, Rhelt, Rives, James Rogers. Samuels,
Shaw, Albert Smith, Stanly, Steenrod, Strong,
Sumter,Sweeny, Taliaferro,Taylor, Francis Tho
mas, P. F. Thomas, Waddy Thompson, Jacob
Thompson, Triplett. Turney, Warren, Watter
sop Weller, John White, Lewis Williams, Jo
f seph L. Williams, C.H. Williams, S. Williams,
| Wise, Wortlungton— 114.
Nats. —Messrs. Adams, Judson Allen, John
W. Allen, Hugh J. Anderson,Sim. H. Anderson,
Baker, Barnard, Beatty, Bell, Biddle, Bond,
Brewster, Briggs, Brockway. Anson Brown, Cal
houn, Carr, Casey, Chittenden, Clark, Clifford,
James Cooper, Cranston, Crary, Curtis, Cushing,
Dana, Davce, E. Davies, Doan, Doig, Duncan,
Edwards, Ely, Evans, Everett, Fillmore, Fletch
er, Floyd, Gates,Gentry, Giddings,Goode, Gran
ger, Grinned, Hall. Hand, W, S. Hastings, J.
Hastings, Henry, Hoffman, Hook, Howard, Hunt,
Jackson, James, Charles Johnston, Keim, Kernp
shall, Lawrence, Leet, Leonard, Lincoln, Lowell,
Mallory, Marchand, Marvin, Mason, Mitchell,
Monroe, Morgan, S. W. Morris, Calvary Morris,
Naylor, Newhard. Ogle, Osborne, Palen, Parmen
ter, Paynter. Peck. Randall, Randolph, Rariden,
Reed, Ridgway, Edward Rogers, Russell, Salton
stall. Sergeant, Simonlon, Slade, John Smith,
Tru. Smith. Starkweather, Storrs, Stuart, Tilling
hast, Toland, Trumbull, Underwood, Vander
poel, D. D. Wagener, P. J. Wagner, Wick, J.
W. Williams, T. W. Williams, H. Williams—
-108.
So the House
Resolved, That upon the presentation of any
memorial or petit'on praying for tie abolition of
slavery or slave trade in any District, Territory,
or State of the Union, and upon the presentation
of any resolution or other paper touching that
subject, the reception of such memorial, petition,
resolution, or paper shall be considered as objected
to, and the question of its reception shall be laid
on the table, without debate or further action
tbenon.
Resolved, That no petition, memorial, resolu
tion. or other paper, praying for the abolition of
slavery in the District of Columbia, or any State
or Territory, or the slave trade between the States
or Territories of the United States, in which it
now exists, shall be received by this House or en- <
' tertained in any way whatever.
k Correspondence of the National Intelligencer.
New Yona, Jan. 27.
No British Queen ! The steam-ships bother
the printers almost as much as (he President's
Message.
William Johnson, the so-called Pirate of the
Lakes, has been tried and convicted of a breach
of the neutrality laws of the U. S., and sentenced
by the U. S. Court held at Albany, to one year’s
confinemet in the Albany jail, and to pay a fine
of five dollars.
The Sound is closed. The New Haven boat (
attempting to get through on Saturday, was
caught in the ice,
In the case of the Amistad.the Spanish Minis
ter has made an appeal to the U. S. Circuit
Court, objecting to the decision of the District
Court which surrenders the Africans, and to the
allowance of salvage.
The subject ol a general bankrupt law con
tinues to attract the attention of our press. This
matter will soon be pressed upon Congress with
vigor.
A reform in our Chancery Courts is tslked of
in the Legislature. The New York Chancery
Court has substantially nullified the non-impris
onment act for debt, by allowing on a creditor’s
b;ll a ne exeat, in case a creditor swears he is
fearful the debtor intends to go out of the State.
The Message of the new Governor, Mohtoic,
of Massachusetts, has reached us. It is locofoco
ish in bank matters and corporations, and argues
for a repeal of the License Law. His candle is
short though, and wi'l soon burn out.
Trade is excessively dull. The asking price
for flour is $6 SO. Stocks have slightly advanc
ed to-day. U. 8. Bank declined.
For the Chronicle If Sentinel.
Messrs. Editors—As “ Anti-Humbuooer’’
has made a sweeping attack upon all Phrenolo
gists, and appears to be confident in the truth of
his positions, he would probably be willing lode
bate the subject before a popular assembly- If
so, a suitable room can be obtained, and I will
promise him an answer to each of his lectures, on
the same or succeeding evening.
I do not wish to be regarded m an advocate of
•iinerant caput feelers, but I am willing to de
fend the “science” of Phrenology against those
who attack its claims to be ranked as such.
If “ Arti-Hdmmugcier” will consent to the
debate, he can leave his name with you, after
which the necessary arrangements can be made.
I am, respectfully yours, dec.
A Phrenologist.
For the Chronicle \ Sentinel.
Phrenology, No. ll.— Continued.
One would think a priori that no anatomist
could ever become a believer in Phrenology, so
irrisistibie are the evidences of its fallacy which
the structure of the skull itself presents; espe
cially when taken in connection with the endless
variety in the thickness of the bones composing
it, and the universal dissimilarity between the in
ternal structure of those bones, in different heads,
by conformation, casualty, disease, and the artifi
cial means employed by many Pagan nations for
modifying the shape of the head. And yet it is
true that the founders and chief writers of the
science have excelled many of their fellows as
anatomists, and become believers in despite of the
palpable and insurmountable difficulties which
anatomy has been ever forcing upon their atten
tion.
It is worthy of remark, however, that they have
bestowed all their labor and ingenuity in search
ing within the brain itself, for analogies and
proofs of their theory, while most strangely and
inconsistently they have overlooked the infantile
separation of the several hones of the skull; their
gradual growth and bony union; their firm and
unyielding construction acquired by maturity;
and the physical impossibilities which these fea
tures of the skull itself present, as an argumen.
turn ad hominem, against all they have written.
For it must be obvious, that, after they have ex
hausted all their labor and ingenuity in the dis
section of the brain, and even on the absurd sup
position, that they could demonstrate each indi
vidual organ by its separate and distinct forma
tion, and prove incontestibly the specific capacity
of each ; still they would nut gain an advance of
a single step towards the establishment of the
pretensions of their science, since the particular
structure of the brain cannot be ascertained ip
any individual case until after death, when the
deductions of the system could in no wise in
crease our stock of practical knowledge, or, in the
least, benefit the living. It is plain, then, that
Phrenologists, while busying themselves in vain
ly searching fur evidences of their system in the
brain itself, have not only been fruitlessly em
ployed, but they have begun at the wrung end,
and built their pyramid upon the apex. They
have done nothing—they can do nothing which
can commend their system, or gain confidence
among the discerning, until the anatomy of the
head, apart from that of the brain, shall be shown
to favor their views, or at least, they must masse
the physical impossibilities which the structure of
the bony and soft parts constituting the covering
of the brain so palpably throw in their way.—
Let the uninitiated reader learn, that the human
brain is entirely covered within the skull by three
distinct tunics or coats, which are called the dura
mater, the pia-inater, and the arachnoid coat, and
which separately interpose between the brain il
sell and the interior of the cranium. Let such
then be informed, that the skull itself is composed
of two tables or layers of bone, separated by a
third or intermediate layer of cellular structure
called the diplom, and often by cavitives of great
er er less extent, utterly unascertainablc during
life; and that a membrane called the | ericranium
is superadded within and without; closely ad
hering to the several bone*. And let him stiil
further be instructed in the fact, that outside of
the skull, between the fingers of the Phrenologist
and the bumps he is | retending to examine, there
are muscles, or tendinous expansions of muscles,
with all their accompanying membranes, blood
vessels, and nerves, together with the cellular
structure, and different coats of the skin consti
tuting the hairy scalp, and they will have a
glimpse at the physical impossibilities which ex.
plode the dogmas of this humbug, however much
of ingenuity, learning, and eloquence may be em
ployed in its defence.
The conclusion of any rational man who will
consider these premises, will be irresistible and
irrefragable; that even on the suppositien of the
distinct and separate existence of the thirty-five
organs in the structure of the brain, being visible
and tangible on its surfaces, which is not pretend
ed ; and on the still further hypothesis that we
were acquainted with the precise size and capa
city of each of these organs with its appropriate
function; we should still be wholly in the dark in
relation to any judgment we might form, during
the life of the individual, because of the numer
ous intervening obstacles, and their ever varying
thickness in different beads. For, had we all this
knowledge, we must first scalp the individual, af
ter the fashion of our aboriginal neighbors, and
we should still find it necessary to remove the
upper part of the scull; nor even then could we
learn the size or location of the organs until the
intervening membranes were removed. And
should we thus operate upon a man, and expose
the entire cerebrum to the vision of the Phreno
logist, he would find, by comparing the elevations
on the surface of the brain, with the internal ta
ble of the skull which covered it, that there was
no evidence or impression of the prominent or
gans, however long they might have been culti
vated or exercised during life; and upon exam
ining the skull he would discover, that the bumps
on the external surface, would very often present
a convexity instead of a concavity within and
still farther, that the elevation and depressions
upon the surface of the brain itself, in no one in
stance correspond with ihose discoverable on the
external superficies of the cranium. And yet in
the face of such testimony ol the senses, there are
multitudes who adhere with the tenacity of a
death grasp, to every jot and title of the now phi"
losophy, and popular delusion to render it an at
tractive and profitable humbug.
Men and women ot reason and religion, who
eschew fortune-telling, witchcraft, and astrology,
will nevertheless, submit their own heads, and
those of their sons and daughters, to these for
tune-tellers, who itinerate through the country
like other strolling mountebanks, for the purpose
of living without labor, by practicing upon public
gullibility. But not only does the anatomy of
the skull thus present insuperable barriers to the
credibility of phrenology, but the structures of
the brain itself, affords not the slightest authority
for the arbitrary and ridiculous divisions into
which the sect have consented to dissect it. So
far from these hypothetical “organs” being found
to exist any where but in the prolific imagination
of these visionaries, there are natural and actual
divisions in the brain which, are,not only incon
sistant with the artificial ones, which wholly ov
erthrow the possibility of their existence. The
multiplied and beautiful convolutions of the brain,
and which are not only visible on its surface, but
discernnble throughout its entire structure by
careful dissection, completely overthrow the pos
sibility of the existence of the pretended separate
organ ; not only because each of these convolu
tions cross from one organ into another, of differ
ent and even opposite functions; but they are of
ten themselves divided, by the imaginary line
which separates the one organ from the other;
so that parts of the same convolution of the brain,
must not only perform these various and essen
tially different offices; but must be active in one
portion, and inactive in another. And as the or
gans are described to lie of inverted conical or
pyramidal form, the apex being at the medular
oblongata, or the inferior portion of the cerebrum,
aud radiating to the surface next the skull; it is
plain that every organ must lie formed, wholly
irrespective of these convolutions; the lines
which divided the one from the other passing
longitudinally, transversely and diagonally
through their successive layers.
Not only so, but these imaginary lines must
pass through the ventricles, the corpus callosum,
the fornix, the pulpy and the fibrous portions in
discriminately, so that each organ includes more
or less of these intricate and delicate structures,
and many of them are by the venticles cut asund
er in the middle.
And as these ventricles contain fluid, we must
suppose that there is an upper and lower part of
some organs, separted by water or serum, the
one from the other, so that they are not only
double, but quadruple!
Another conclusive fact in refutation of this
wild scheme is seen in the essential difference
there is in the convolutions of one hemisphere of
the brain, and those of the opposite side; al
though the organ is located by the sect in precise
ly the same relative position in each hemisphere.
If such organs really exist on each side of the
head, destined jointly to perform the same office, it
would be indeed an anomoly in the animal econ
omy, that they should be entirely dissimular in
structure; for the variations between the opposite
organs will exhibit such dissimilarity. In short
if Phrenology were in any sense entitled to be
lief, in accordance with the economy of nature
the organs should all be double or none, while
the science lays down s number of single organs,
and others double; and still worse, there is no
provision in nature, as in other cases, far one of
these to- perform the function of the other when
disabled ; and both have been removed by dis
ease, and the function remained unimpaired !
The natural divisions of the brains into the cere
brum, the cerebellum and the medulla oblonga
ta, and the equally palpable difference between
the cortical andmtdulUry portions, together with
the distinct variety of beautiful structures which
lie in the base of the cerebrum, and all well de
fined and cognizable by the anatomist. But the
most powerful microscope has never revealed the
existence of any one of the localities, or phreno
logical “organs" so called, although probably
millions of human brains have been dissected for
the purpose of finding and establishing them.—
And though such are the facts upon which alone
the pretended science could be logically bussed,
not one such lias ever been furnished, although
the party are even proclaiming that facts' facts!
facts! are the foundation of the science.
AxTi-HuMßveaxß,
Public Meeting,
In conformity with the notice given, a largo
and respectable assemblage of citizens took place
at the City Hall yesterday, for the purpose of
affording an opportunity to Mr. Henri Shultz.
the founder of Hamburg, to disclose the objects
he had in view in roqesting such a meeting.—
The Mayor was called to the chair, and presided
on the occasion, and, after Mr. Shultz had ad
dressed the meeting, which he did at considerable
length, shewing the necessity and importance of
vigorous action on rhe part of Charleston to re
tain the trade of Hamburg, on motion of Mr-
Htiehane, seconded by several other gentlemen, is
was ordered that a Committee of five be appoini
i “f whom the Chairman of the meeting should!
be one, and the other selected from the mercan
tile and bunking portions of the community, to*
i take the subject matters submitted by Mr. 8. into
consideration, and to report to an ndjournedi
meeting on Wednesday the 12th of February,
next. Under this resolution the following gen--
tlemen have been appointed by the chair, vi»: ;
i Hon. Thomas Bennett, Dr. Mendenhall, Hon. R
H. Elmore, James Rose and Tristram Tujipar;
Esqe. There being no further business, tile
meeting adjourned to the day above mentioned!
i when the report of the Committee will be sub
mitted.—Charleston Courier of Friday,
Ohio Lkoisiatuhk—ln the House of Rap,
resentatives of Ohio, a resolution has been adapt
ed instructing the Committee on Banks and the
Currency to report to the Houses bill making item
offence,punishable by confinement in the Peniten
tiary , for any length of time not exceeding seven
nor less than three years, for the directors or offi
cers of any Banking institution within the Stale,
to issue, for circula.ion within the State or ette
where, post notes or bills payable on time. The
same committee were at the same time directed
to inquire into the expediency of making all'post
notes previously issued, payable on demand, in;,
gold and silver, at the counters of the Banks is
suing them.
A resolution stating that slavery is am institu
tion recognized by the constitution, was passed
by a large majority—two only voting im the ne
gative. Another resolution on the same sub
ject declared that “the unlawful, unwise.and un
constitutional interference of the fanatical: aboli
tionists of the North with the domestic institu
tions of the Southern Slates,” was highly crimi
nal.—Baltimore American.
Virginia Senator.
From the Petersburg Statesman #f the 31st
ult., we extract the following item of newer.
No Senator. Yet.—On Wednesday last, after
an animated discussion of several hours, two un
successful ballottings were had for Senates to
succeed Mr. Hive*. Mr, Rives received 83'votes,
Mr. Mason 80—Scattering 3. Every member of
both Houses was present. Three gentlemen of
the Lower House, styled Impracticable, (Messrs.
Bayly of Accomac, Smith of Gloucester* and
Cra fiord of Elizabeth Gity,) have the-election in
their hands, and if they adhere to the position
they have taken, it is doubtful whclior. an,elec
tion will take place this winter.
Fire is Wilmington.—The Dclasvwr ; State
Journal of the 2t5 ult., announces tlu deztruo
lion by fire, of the St. Andrews (Episcopal)
Church, of that city, which was communicated
from heating (he furnace.
Sacred Chart.
Mr. Benjamin D.Gullick has laid on owr table
a Chart, which will shortly issue from, the press
of Messrs. Brown At McCaffcrty. of this city,
arranged chronologically, surveying a period of
6844 years; in which are noted the prominent
eras in Biblical history and the
To those who desire a work of this character,
condensing as it does, so much historical /infor
mation on a single sheet, we cheerfully recom
mend Mr. G.’s Chart.
Importations.—We perceive. in|th'e Bhglisb
papers, the expression of an opinion that thfc
abundant crops in this country, of cotton and
grain, will tend to induce large orders from the
manufacturing districts, and in Manchester the■
opinion appears to lie generally prevalent;
Without knowing, from direct inquiry; what
r the merchants of this country hone resolved on,
we think we may, with great safety, say. tha t the
orders, so far from increasing with the increase of
crops, and the shipment of bread stuffs and cot
ton, will diminish in almost an inverse ration.—
, We cannot say what the cupidity of the British
may result in—they may send 1 on their own ac
count large quantities of their goods, which have
in vain waited for orders, but American mer
chants have acquired from experience, the habit
of looking around them for the facts, in relation
to businessand population,upon which they must
found their expectation of demands.
The stock of last year is unconsu/nsd. and the
supplying merchants hence, look for > spring bu
siness much smaller than usual. But, in addi
tion to that, tlio consumption is greatly dimin
ished. The suspension of business on the public
works, the canals, railroads, and in the mining
distrets, c*ts off the demand for imported mer
chanizc of almost every kind.
Millions and millions of dollars were formerly
spent in the completion of railroads, turnpikes
and canals, where this year the old silence of sol
itude will reign, and the thousands of engineers,
assistants, overseers, contractors, laborers, and
their families, must content themselves with the
supplies ot raiment which former successful la
bor ensured. AH this, too, operates upon every
kind of, importation ulrno-t as exclusively, and
quite as directly at upon woollen and better fab
ric- of England. Building must cease m a great
measure, and labor be proportionally without de
mand. These and the numerous other reasons
which will not be overlooked by a merchant of
experience, must tend to limit, in a very impor
tant degree, the orders of the regular American
merchant; and the English manufacturer, or
merchant who shall altempt to throw his goods
into our market, with the causes to which we
have referred, will tend to make his shipment a
losing adventure. We do not. by this, mean that
there will be no husinessdnne in the approaching
spring; on the contrary, we believe that there
will lie a late, limited, but sound, wholesome bu
•ioess, ye* nothing to warrant shipments, to lbi g
country on. British account. Nor has the pros
pecl tnlucnl the Ateorinn merchant to lend for
ward under* of any considerable amount. Most
assuredly do wc helicvc that no o«d«r of any
consequence has been founded on» or ineneated,
by the amount of bread stuffs, which have been,
or which are likelyto ho, sent from this country
to •bieat Britain.— Phil. U. S'.'Oaz.
Kvcwtuckt I huh. MooNTiivj—lt appear*
Missouri i* not the only State-which.contains an
iron Mountain. Near Greenville. Kentucky,
about' thirteen miles from Green River, there is
saidi to lie a hill, the surface of'Which includes
about 60t)0i uures r almost entirely composed of
iron ore. A' letterrto tlis editors of the Louis
ville Journal gives some account of this great
mineral formation, thfeproperty of Messrs. Buck
nor and Churchill, who have-commenced mining
, operations and erected a funmoa on the apot.
llhe. writer eeys:
“ At the point where the enterprising owners
have commenced mining, the stratum wo* at first
about eight feet thick. It hrw rapidly increased
to upwards of eighteen feel. The lower surface
(UpponU the nptipr rises, the first about three
inohos,mid lire other over one inch to the hori
zontal.foot. Hence, alter penetrating the hill
' sixty feet farthpn, the stratum of ore will he more
than so ty feet in thickness; and near the sum
mit of the hill will exceed several hundred feel.
Prom the uniform dip of the lower and rise of the
upperswrface, there is every reason to believe that
itiincreases to a vast thickness: That the top of
the stratum preserves an angle oUrvation equal to
that of the hill.is, for a eonaid rahl - distance,
vary obvious. The entire mass, oftbr removing
a slight,cowering, not over two feet in depth, is
good and pure ore, the whole of which, without
rejecting any part, is fit for the furnace without
washing or.-cleansing, or separation; and every
100 lbs. ofiVby actual-test-, yields from 40 to 45
Ills, beautiful metal.”
Within a short distance ot this vast region, coal
is found in abundance. The navigation of the
lirfernriver-will soon hn opened hy means of
locks and darns, so as to afford free romrnunica
lion with the Ohio; so that great facilities arc
offered for the successful working of these mines.
—Baltimore American.
RttoDF.-fsLA.vn lan m IV-* vT. —ln a lecture
‘‘ recently delivered by the Hon. Tristram Burgess,
on the subject of the battles Iretwcen the Ameri
can and British fleets on Lake Erie, during the
last war. there are-some inlsicsling historical 1 de
tails, proving conclusively that the project of a
national fleet was first suggested to her sister
Stales bv Rhode Island.
It ap|icars that? in August 1775, the General
Assembly of Rhode Island adopted resolutions,
expressing their conviction that the building and
equipping of an Ameficait'flbet as soon aw possi
ble, would greatly and essentially eondace to the
preservation of the lives, liberty, and property of
the good people of these colonies, and instructing
their delegates in the .ensuing Congress loose
their influence for building, at the Continental
e*pense, -‘a fleet of sufficient force Tor the pro
tection of these colonies, amlifor employing them
in such a manner and phttefqas will most annoy
our enemies and contribute to the common de
fence of these I Colonies.”
Congress came together in the ensuing Sept.,
ami it appears from the journal, that on the 3d of
October, one of the delegates from Rhode Islahd
laid before the Notional Legislature a part of the
instructions. Acting upon the suggestion. Con
gress took the subject under consideration in
November, and on the 22d December, the Com
mittee,for engaging armed vessels reported that
they bad engaged four, viz; the Columbus, Abra
ham Whipple, Captain; the Alfred Dudley, Sal
tonstall, Captain; the Andrew Detrea, James
Diddle, Captain; the (Jabot, John Burroughs
Hopkinv, Captain: That they had appointed
Esek Hopkins; Commodore of the fleet. That
they hud, appointed John Paul Jones, Rhodes
Artiold. Hay sled Barker, Jonathan Pitcher, and
Stanshury,first Lieutenants; an 1 Benjamin
Seabury, Joseph Olney, Elisha Weaver, Thomas
Weaver, and M’Dougal, second Lieuts.
This, Mr. Burgess observes, in the first Ameri
can fleet which ever hoisted sail to .ho winds of
heaven. Rhode Island furnisbsn. two of the
ships ; —also the Commodore of Ihe fleet; two of
the Captains; three of the first, and four of the
second Lieutenants; and in all probability, most,
if not all the officers and ms n for at least two of
the ships.
This report was received and established; and
now Commodore Hopkins, with the fleet under
his command, was ordered to proceed to the Ba
hama Islands, and capture the warlike stores of
Great Britain deposited at New Providence, and
then to i fmsc on-the coast of the Carolina*, and
intercept the Biitish vessels found' in those wa- I
ters.
The first of these orders wu fulfilled to the I
letter. For I he-Commodore loaded his fleet with
those stores; and was obliged to impress one of
the colonial vessels to aid in bringing away the
captured cannon and munitions of war. It it be
lieved, hn sailed from the United Colonies early
in February, 1776; for on the 3d of March, of
that year, he captured the fort at New Providence.
After this success, his fleet being deeply laden
with stores so highly. important to the Colonies,
he, to secure thfese valuable stores, returned di
rectly, and unladed them at New London.
Such is the account given us of our earliest '
national maritime expedition. We have certain- ■
ly no reason to lie ashamed of it.
The ranks in this little Navy above Captain, I
were Admiral, Vice Admiral, Rear Admiral, and
Commodore. Ezek Hopkins, of North Provi
denee, was the first and only American who ever
wore the title, of Admiral in an American fleet.
Commodore Perry was a native of Rhode Inl
and.'. When, he departed fer Lake Erie, he took
with him from Newport, 149 men and 3 boys,
all of whom were volunteers, and in the incredi
bly short spaee.of ninety days after the first blow
was struck', there were conctructed six vessels—
the Lawrence of twenty guns—the Niagara of
two long twelves and eighteen fl-tipoand cerron- {
ades; the Ariel of four guns, 18V and 34V; the j
Scorpion of two guns, 32V; the Porcupine of
one gun, a 32 ; and the Tigress of one gun, a
32.
During.the same time, they repaired and mads
efficient, the I'aledonia, of three guns. 24V and >
32V ; the Somers of two guns r 32V, the Trippe {
of one gun.a 32, and the Ohio of like fi rce, but {
not in the battle.
Ou*fighting fleet moimted'in all 54 guns; the |
British, 64. U- was thte first fleet fight ever !
fought in battle line by the American navy, and :
resulted, as is well known, in the capture of the
enemy’s fleet.
For the notice from whence we derived the
foregoing details wc are indebted to the New
York Journal of Commerce.
A Rich Mav.,—RoberliLennox, who recently
dies! in New-York, it is said has left property
worth three millions of dullars.
The Second Be»ie»o«Oaplsra Marryatt’s Diary/
nas the following passages on ftli* WototooflfeU'
country :
1 hat the American women have-their peculiari
tie», and in some respect they might be improved
is certain. Their principelTault in society is, thet
they do not sufficiently modulate their voices.—
1 hose faults arising from association, and in which
both sexes arc equally prone, are a total indiffer
ence to or rather a love ofehaage, <• shifting right
_ without the leaati regret, from one portion :
ot the Union to another; a remarkable apathy, as
to the sufferings of others, as indifference to loss
of life, a fondness for politics, all of which are tin*
feminine. ant) lastly,, a passion for dress carried
to too great an extent';. but this latter is easily
accounted for, ami is inseparable frame society
where all would be equal. But. on tbs other
hand, the American women have a virtue-which
the men have not, which hr moral court ge, and
one also which is not common with the sex, phy--
sieal courage. The independence and spirit of
sn American woman,if Ifeft a widow without re
sources, is immediately shown; she does not
sit and lament, hut applies-hcrself to some em--
ployment, so that she may maintain herseif and'
her children, and selddm fails in so-doing. Here
arc faults and virtues, both proceeding from the
same origin.
1 have already in my Diary referred to another
great error in a portion of the American women.
Lady Blcssinglon, in one of her delightful works,
very truly observes: -I turn with disgust from,,
that affected prudery, arising, if not from- a par*
ticipatioii, at least Irom u knowledge of- evil,
which induces certain Indies to cast down- their
eyes, lAok- grave, aad-sbow the extent of their
knowledge or the pruriency of their imagine
lions, by diseovering in a harmless jest nothing to
alarm tl cir experienced feelings. I respect (bat
woman whose innate purity prevents thpse
around her from uttering aught that can arouse
it, much more than her whose sensitive prudery
continually reminds one, that she is audait iof
every possible interpretation which a word of
doubtful meaning admit*”
1 he remarks of Miss Martinenn upon the wo
men of America are all very ungracious, and
some of them very unj.ist. That she met with
affection and fully in America, is very probable
—where do you not? There i« no occasion to
go to the U. 8- to witness it. As for the charge
of carrying in their band seventy dollar pocket
hnndherchieffK fam afraid it is but too true; but
when there is little distinction, except by -i-Vy,
ladies will bo very expensive.
The number of steamboats now afloat on the
woatern waters is said to be 387. Os these 88
were built at Pittsburg, 61 at Cincinnati, IS at
Wheehng, Mat Jeffersonville, 13 at Loaiaville,
Iff at New Albany, and the residue in various.-
places—3 Bars owned in Cincinnati. The total ’
cost of them exceeds five millions of dollars, avtr
aging about $ 16,000 each— N. O.,Picayune.
Exhumation or Human the--
last few days much curiosity has been excited
in the neighborhood of Old Brentford, in conse- -
quence of the discovery of a large quantity of hu
man bones in an extraordinary state of preserva
tion, after having been interred, it is supposed, up
wards of two hundred years. The ground whe.e
the drscovery has been made is in the occ ipation -
ol Mr. Robison, a brick maker, and is situated at
the commencement of the town, just in the rear
of the Salutation public-house. The earth had
been removed some lime since to the depth of 4
feet, without any thingparticulnrbeing observed --
but at the commencement of last week, on the
workmen digging about five feet lower, making >
nine feet, they came to layers of hum.n hones,
consisting of skulls, arm and thigh hones, Ac., of
such extent as to fill several wheellrarnwnr. In
moet-ol the skulk the teeth were most perfect, and
in a high stage ®f preservation, as was also the
hatr. The spot, it is said by some of the oldest
of the inhabitants, used formerly to be called
Ueadmcn sGraves,”and there is a tradition extant
in the town that during the great plague in Lon
don. a female called “Moll Ramson” used to drive
a cart, on which she sat, through the streets, err
ing. “bnng out your dead;” that she brought'
ihiwn hundreds of bodies, which were Interred in
heaps in the ground in question. Informrtion of
the finding ol the bones bus been forwarded to Mr.
Wately, the Coroner, but it is not supposed ha
will consider it necessary to hold an inquest
London paper
Womek AND Houses.—Bam Slick contends
that women and horses resemble each other iq a
great many respects. Wi’hout endorsing his
opinions we give them in his own words: “ Any
man that understand* horses, has. a pretty const- -
derable fair knowledge of women; for they trs
juet alike in temper, and require the very sain*
identical treatment. Encourage the timid onesc
be gentle with the fractious, but lather the sulky
ones like blazes,”
Rubbing. —Two village editors meeting one
day, one observed to the other, that his •< rubs”
meant nothing, being professional—“all in tbs
way of business—no personal ill willpyou know,” *
and made the inquiry, “ why donT you rub me
once in a while?” To which the other replied,
“It is not my basiness to rubdowajackassss.”—
| New-Orleant .Sun.
A Town without a Doorrkt. —Atthe pre
sent time, If we can believe a statement made in
the Western Worlds there is not a single doggery
of grog shop, or any place where a glass of liquor
can be obtained for love or money. in Memphia
-Buch a sober sided set of fellows aa arc now daily
perambulating the streets of that town were never
seen before, and many loafers who have hereto
fore held every. I liing in the shape of labor in per
fect scorn, are now bard at work for mere.pastime.
—iV. O. Picayune.
MI/LIIKHUV AYU SILkTcL LTUHJt.
i WARD CHENEV tr BROTHERS.
Oywl * n d BASON SHAW, have now grow-. 1
«*"S> * n 'be most flourishing condition,! >,
Augusta, Georgia, adjoining the Ham)-.,
ton Race Course, about 80,000 Morns
Multicaul is Trees, which they offer for sale in lata.
I to suit purchasers. For further information enqui
ry may be made of Messrs. C heneys,at their cocaon
ery in Burlington, New Jersey, or of-Mason Shaw,,
at the Eagle and Phcenix hotel in Augusta.
Having had several years experience in cultiva
ting the morus inullicaulis from buds, cuttings, It*-,
they will furnish each purchaser with printed in
structions of the best anil most/approved manner of
planting and cultivating the trees, the kind of auil
most suitable for growing the same; and also fog
rearing ti e silk worms and reclhag<the silk. They,
will also have for sale, Side Wor/n Eggs of tits’
must esteemed varieties, from moths selected with
great rare for their health, strength and perfection,
aug 9 w&trwtf
JUST HE<' , KhVEJ>—6O bWs Boston Ruin "
2000 bushels Salt
-100 bbls Potatoes, of the yellow bnmr fiu;-
planting, for salwby ' j, MEIGS.
20 trwdt