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I J. W. & VV. S. JONES. AUGUST,?, Ga TUESDAY MORNING, MARCH 3,7840. ' Voi.. IV -No 7s~
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t CHRONICLE AM) SENTINEL,
rvr«u s r a .
h MONDAY MORNING, MARCH 2.
[ ; Revival of the Tariff.
I A large meeting was held in the incorporated
I ; Liberties of Philadelphia, at which a number of
I ■ resolutions wore passed.recommending mid urg-
I ing (he adoption of high Tariff duties for the
I benefit of Manufacturers,
I Consistency.
I I “ Never commit your opinions to paper, for
Ithey may he brought up in judgment against
I ; V ou” —is a motto, if adopted by many of the po
|i liticinns arid demagogues of the present day,
I would save them much mortification, and many
I i
uncharitable remarks.
j Change is written upon the face of all nature,
and man, ambitious, unstable man. submits to the
I ; unalterable decree, as certainly as any portion of
the vegetable or animal creation. Yesterday he
J ; asserted doctrines and principles, which in chari
.? ty vve must suppose were honestly cherished,
I ■■■: upon a mature and deliberate reflection on the
[ * subject of which he wrote and spoke. To-day
I place is offered, lo and behold ! his opinions
I “ U p on a sober second thought” hare changed.—
[ ■ What a commentary upon the degeneracy of the
' limes, and the office loving propensities of our
I? countrymen. Charity herself cannot offer any
I other apology for the unfortunate victims of am
liition than that which suggests itself to the mind
I of every honest man. They have sold them
selves and their principles for office !
; These rt flccticns have been suggested on rcad
ing the following letter from the Hon, 11. J. Wal
t kcr, now a Senator in Congress from Mississippi
i , —written soon after the removal of the deposiles
from the Bank of the United States by General
[I ’ Jackson. We invite the attention of our readers
i . to this extraordinary document, and ask them to
compare its principles with the recent support of
j the Sub-Treasury in the Senate by Mr. Walker.
A Verily, “ Times change and men change with
'I them.”
| Natchez. March Ist, 1834.
Dear Siii—As I promised at our parting to
■ give you my views on any subject which might
be “interesting to your common constituents, I
hasten to say that Mississippi will with great
unanimity sustain you on the Dcposite Question.
In fact the public voice loudly demands a resto
ration ot the Deposiles, and the creating a Bank
to supply a general currency. A State Bank can
no mare supply and govern the general currency
than a State Government can direct and control
the affairs of the Nation. Go on—your consti
tuents are with you—the Country must he reliev
ed from the frightful sconces of distrees which
have visited us.
In haste, as the boat is leaving,
Yours trulv.
it. j. walker.
Death of the Rev. John N. Majfit.—Ex
trac* of a letter received in Mobile, 23d ult., from
Louisville announces the decease of the Rev.
i John Newlaxh Maffit, the eminent and pop
ular Methodist preacher. He died at Maysville,
Kentucky, from apoplexy.
Late Ahuivai.s from Aokaxias, —By
Saturday nights mail wc receceived the Little
Rock, Arkansas Star, of the 15th November
last.
The New Orleans Bee says:—lt is currently
rumored in Aashvillc that the Van Buren electo
ral ticket in Tennessee is (o be headed Andrew
Jackson. The locofocos in that state, it is evi
dent, are terribly alarmed. They know that Mr.
Van Buren is powerless in Tennessee, but think
that Gen. Jackson tnav possibly sci urc the state
for him, a« he secured the Frcs d. ncy >n 1830.
The schooner Francis Amy, arrived at New
Orleans on the 22J ult. from Ve.a Cruz, bring
ing §49,477 jn specie.
Mr. J. Lloyd Vanhook claims the name of
"Lady Leg-Treasurer,” for a bay filly foaled
April lllh, 1839—Sire, Wild Bill; dam by
Clay’s Sir William. Among other reasons for
choosing this name, he gives the fact of no Lcg-
Trcasu.cr having ev. r been overtaken n any race
From Ike New Orleans Bee of the 21th.
Mexico.
By the arrival of the schooner Francis Aviv,
from Vera Cruz, which place she let* on the i 2th,
■a instant, we have received papers trom that city
* up lo the 10th, and from Mexico lo the sth in
stant.
Verbal intelligence reports that troops are
marching on the northern frontier; however, the
*** papers wo have received no not make any mention
of this fact.
An engagement took place on lhe22d January
at v adareylu Jomenez, near Monterey, between
300 Cu.nanche Indians and about 100 Mexican
dragoons, in winch the Mexicans lost 17 men
and a lieutenant wounded. From 25 militia men
who hud joined the dragoons, five were killed and
several wounded. The Mexicans repulsed the
Indians who were marching on Monterey with a
great loss.
A petition has been presented to the chamber
of Deputies, lo admit cotton yarns on the fron
tiers of Sanla-Fe. Refer cd to the committee on
finance.
A report from the judiciary committee was
read on the 2 till January, recommending the
adoption of a I iw to establish a court martial lor
the trill of robbers and murderer*.
For the Chronicle Sentinel.
Messrs. Editors: —Having lately passed
through the Eastern section of the Carolina*,
and in Georgia along the Savannah River, my at
tention was directed to some of the great miner
al resources of this section of country, which ap
pear to he entirely unappreciated by its inhabi
tants. 1 refer particularly to a great depo it of
limestone which I first observed in Jones coun
ty, N. C., near the Santee, and afterwards in the
western part of Charleston Disirict, S, C„ and
again on the Edisto, and in Georgia at Jaskson
horn, where there is now a small kiln, not at
present, however, in use. The purity of this
rock, which approaches that of chalk, renders it
admirably adapted for the production of lime, and
yet notwithstanding its abundance, the lacilily ot
procuring wood, it costing nothing, both the la
bor of cutting and hauling, and the groat ex
pense of lime, Charleston and Savanah and all
the Southern coasts continue to lie supplied with
Thomaston lime. Were men of capital and en
terprise once aware of the means they have at
hand, and of the relative cost at which this arti
cle may be produced in the two sections of coun
try, it seems hardly possible, that the South
should took much longer to the North for lime,
any more than, as was once the case, they did lo
Germany for brick!
Lime is hurried at Thomaston. Me., with wood
»
which never costs less than $3 a cord. Fine
Anthracite coal has lately been introduced, and
parti illy used as fuel, which may reduce the ex
pense a little ; hut from the lowest estimates, as
given in Dr. Jackson’s Geological Reports of the
surveys of that Slate, it cannot bo produced at a
less expense than §7 7 the hundred casks, which
include the juice of the casks. These should hold
by law, each fie bushels, hut they have been
found to rontain less than a common flour barrel
—three and a half bushels may he taken as their
average capacity. The expense of transporation,
&c. make them worth at Charleston about §2 per
cask, or more; and as it is carried into the inte
rior, its value rapidly incre ises, till on the very
spot, where the rock occurs in the greatest abun
dance, it has long been sold for $3 per cask !
In the Chester valley, Penn., lime is sold at the
kill s for 12 J cents per bushel. It is hurdl'd in
large kilns holding 1600 bushels, with only six
teen cords of good hard wood, which costs §2,50
per cord. Fine Anthracite coal is ihere used al
so to some extent, but the lime is not afforded any
cheaper than that made with wood. At Potts
ville whore coal is used altogether, lime costs
twenty cents; the rock, however,has t.o be trans
ported some twenty-five and some eighty miles.
From the slight opportunities I have had of
judging, I can see no reason why lime should not
be made as cheap and as abundantly in South
Carolina and Georgia, as in the Chester valley.
Suitable stone for making kilns may not always
be found conveniently at hand, but if granite can
be t ansported from'Qoincy to build churches and
houses, it, or a better material may also, to build
kilns, and substantial ones made, which should
last many drawings. Pine wood can every
where be obtained for little or nothing. Os the
relative cost of labor to effect the same end, 1
know nothing. But as to the quality of the
the Southern may well compete with the Northern
in purity and strength, though prejudiced work
men may for a lime refuse to adopt the change,
as is invariably the ease with any alteration in
troduced in their business, which they, naturally
enough, think they understand belter than any
one else. As an instance of this, lime made from
a particular rock in Rhode Island, a magnesian
carbonate of lime is prepared at double the price
in New York of Thomaston lime, while a pre
cisely similar quality of lime, made from a rock,
which is chemically the same at the latter place,
hut which happens to be an unusual variety
there, meets with no sale in Now York at a very
low price.
Some of those in South Carolina may not
make so while a lime as the Northern, but it will
be equally strong and similar for mortar, and far
ther in the quarry it may he found purer. Very
little of it, however, will he liable even to tins
objection. That from Jacksonboro’, is remarka
bly white.
By opening the same bed on the Savannah ri
ver, where, it must occur, with a few kilns there,
and also on the navigable parts of the Santee and
Edisto a company of enterprising men, or one
man with a capital might, I believe, supply a**
the lime required for Charleston, Beaufort, and
the w hole Southern coast, for half the present cost
of the Thomaston lime, and afford it to the
neighboring planters at a price, which would
make it an object to them to use it for renewing
worn out lands, and keeping up those under im
mediate cultivation, without their being compelled
continually to clear new land, and cultivate ex
tensive tracts for crops, whic i, with the aid of
lime, might be produced on half the .number
acres.
These observations, a traveller’s notes merely,
arc at your service, Messrs. Editors, and if they
may call attention to some of the neglected ad
vantages of this country, it will afford me much
pleasure, that I made them. J. T. H.
The Philadelphia North American of Wed
nesday stales that about 0000 barrels of Flour
were sold the day previous, at §5, for export, the
greater part to Liverpool. Vessels are in de
mand, anil 5s a barrel for freight to England is
freely paid
The Circus at Louisville, Ky., with all the
buildings attached to it. as stables, <&c., was burn
ed on the night of the ISdt insl. Loss estimated
at from 7 to 8000 dollar*.
Reduction on Freights.
By reference to an advertisement in this day’s
paper, it will ho seen that an important reduction
has been made on the transportation of Freights
on the Charleston and Hamburg Rail Road.
Correspondence of the National Intilligeneer.
New York, February 24, 1840.
The packet ship Sampson, January 4th from
London, came in last night. The dates are scarce
ly any later, hut there is an item of news re
specting “ the Amistad.” Lord Palmerston, it is
stated, has directed her Majesty’s Minister at
Washington to interpose his good offices in be
half of the Africans, on hoard of her, and also
certain directions have been given to the British
Representative at the Court of Madrid, The
Emperor of Russia was said to be sevctely indis
posed.
The losses of the Manhattan Bank are stated
to bo §7oo,ooo—one thitcl of its capital I The
Van Buren Directions of the hank are sustaining
the Cashier at all hazards, and he cannot he got
rid of jest now. There were no sides in the stock
to day. The government has, or had over half
a million deposited in this institution, which it
would be well to hr looked after.
The venerable James Maury, aged 95, the first
American Consul at Liverpool, appointed by
Washington, died last evening.
Stocks have ris n to-day. Within n few days
the North American Trust Company has gone
up from 40 to 49. Some of these operations are
said lo he the results of cornering —a Wall
slrej' phrase.
New Youk. February 25.
A packet ship in from Havre gives us dates
from Paris to Jan. 7lh or Sth. with later news
from Africa and the Erst. The French are re
covering the ground diey have lost in Africa, and
the Arabs have been worsted in several conflicts.
December SI, a French column at Bclida attack
ed the Arabs, and completely put them to route.
The Frencli in Africa are quite elated over their
victories.
The subject of a reply to the address of the
King has been for some time a matter of debate
in the French Chambers, hut one was about to
be agreed upon flattering to the King, and coin
ciding in hiscoufse of policy. His foreign poli
cy was approved, and the good feeling and unity
of action between France and England was ex
pressively dwelt upnn. M. Villemnin, in reply
to the attacks of the Duke do Nullifies, said that
the alliance of England was one of the basis of
the safety of Europe, and of universal liberty.
This is a new tongue in France.
There is no new feature in the Eastern ques
tion. Russia has declared war against Khiva or
Chiva, not China, as stated in some of the ac
counts. This is supposed, by the English papers
to he a movement towards checkmating the
British in Afghanistan.
It is stated now, positively, that the Queen was
to have been married February 16.
The cotton market at Havre, had been rather
unselled, but holders were showing more firm
ness. A decline, however; was anticipated on
account of the abundance of the American crop.
There is a story afloat, as having come to Eng
land in a letter from Calcutta, that the Englsh
and Portuguese residents at Macao had been ex
pello Iby tbu Chinese from the town. That the
English were expelled, wo have before heard, but
the statement as to tbe Portuguese is doubtful.
Our rivers are breaking up. The Connecticut
is open, and navigable to Hartford. The Hudson
is known to he >pen as tar as Poughkeepsie, anil
is presumed to bo open to Albany. Steam navi
gation will soon be resumed on all sides. Wc
have not had a Northern mail since Sunday.
Exchange on England may he quoted at 108.
Several packets arc yet duo. The Patrick Hen
ry, to sail 7th Proximo, is the only Liverpool
packet now in port.
The packets from England are bringing.in little
or nothing. The Samson had scarcely any thing
but ballast; hut the packets out are full, and over
full. The freight of the Garrick out will he, it is
said, three thousand pounds sterling ! She
takes tea, corn, flour, cotton, flax-seed, &c. Tea
is now going to England constantly in our ships.
The opening of nur river, with the accounts
from Europe, are quite unsettling our flour mar
ket. and it may be some time before prices will
be established. The opening of the river and ca
nal will let loose the interior upon stores, and on
ly an active foreign demand, such as wc arc not
likely to have, can keep up prices.
Slocks fell off to-day. There were no sales
in Manhattan. United States Bank is 76£.
From Texas,
The Colorado Gazeltee of the 13th states that
tile market was well supplied with goods suitable
to 'he Mexican trade.
One of theToxinn papers says the Courier, de
nies that there was any tiling more than mere
skirmishing between the Federalists and the Cen
t alists 'ii the vicinity of Monterey. The Fed
eral lender Canales, having received word from
his friends in Monterey, that the Centralists had
received a reinforcement of 1700 men, the order '
to retreat was given, and a complete disbanding ,
of the Federalists followed without fighting,
much to the disgust of their Anglo Saxon allies, j
—Large reinforcements were said to he on their '
way to join the government troops in the State of 1
Chihuahua and reports swelled lo 20,000 men,
the number of Mexican troops destined to invade
Texas.
“ Filisoia left the city of Mexico on the 23d of
December, at the head of 1500, infantry, lo act
against the Federalists in northern Mexico, and
with the avowed purpose of invading Texas.
His reinforcements were ordered as follows :
From Tampico 1900
“ Saltillo, 490
• “ Monterey, (Aristas’ division,) 1800
•• Apomea’s division, 1700
“ Canalizos’ division 2300
“ Troops fromßosa onChihuahua,7oo
8,850
From the New York Herald nfthe 2Gth.
France versus America,—The Commerce
contains a long and violent attack upon the
French Government for not protecting its agents
against insult in foreign states. Having alluded
to the “insults upon the French flag by the En- 1
glish,” the Commerce enquires what has been
done hi the all'uir of the French naval officer, ta
ken away by an American vessel, which was cap
tured during the blockade of Vera Cruz, and re- i
specting the French vice-consul at Newport, in 1
the United Stales, who was dragged from his
house, and put into prison, “ If,” adds this Jour- j
rial, “the representative* of France are to he in
sulted by the American authorities with impuni- i
ty, what strength will they have, what respeclcan
they inspire among the half barbarian govern
ment* of the new continent. The Ministry tuu»l i
give an account ip the first discussions of (ho
Chambers ot the steps which they have taken lo
demand Tor this insult a satisfaction, required alike
by the security due to our trade and the honor of
our flag.”
Sp.uv.— The head quarters of Espnrtero, are
still at Mas de las Matas; and General Leon, with
the first division, is in occupation of Aguaviva,
whence he has detached n brigade to Ginchrosn.
1 ho letups hints at a plan having been form
ed by the Spanish Cai lists for getting Don Car
los to abdicate in favor of his son, and then of
procuring the escape of the young Prim e from
Bourgos, and placing him with the army of Ca
brera.
From Mad. Tussaud's Memoirs of the French Her
oin t ion.
Last Ilnurs of Louis XVI.
At length the 11 111 of December, 1792, was the
day fixeu for the trial of Louis the Sixteenth,
and he was escorted from the Temple to the Na
tional Convention bv six hundred picked men,
who surrounded the carriage whi n contained
the monarch, three pieces of cannon preceding,
and three following the vehicle; the advanced
and roar guards were composed of bodies of cav
alry. An immense concourse of persons beheld
the sad procession; hut Madame Tuesuud ob
serves, that they did so, without, evincing any
symptoms of approbation or otherwise; u very
few s..outs were heard, and all passed on slowly,
having an nir of solemnity which seemed to awe
the spectators.
Mean time, in the Assembly, there was much
debating as to the manner in which the king
should be received. Legendre proposed to awe
him by a silence like that of the grave; whilst
Manuel suggested that they should discuss the
question on the order of the day ; that they
should not seem to be wholly occupied with the
monarch. Thus, then, did this numerous assem
bly feel mo.o embarrassed in receiving one man,
than did that individual in appearing before the
numbers who were preparing lo receive him ; and
when he entered, such was the dignity of his ap
pearance, that even the most ferocious amongst
them was forcibly struck with the firmness ami
self-possession which ho disnlayed. His replies
were ever clear and direct, never the least eva
sive, nor betraying the slightest hesitation, and lie
was so totally free from agitation that he pa'took
of some refreshment which was provided for him
in an ante-rsom with the utmost composure.
After many arguments on the subject the as
sembly decided, Ih .t Louis should he allowed
counsel, ami a deputation was sent to him to ac
quaint him to that effect. He immediately
named Target, and in case of failuie with him,
Tronehet. The latter accepted, hut the former
declined, stating that he had ceased to practice for
the last seven years ; hut as compensation for
this disappointment, Malcsherbes appeared ; for
which generous and courageous act his name
must, descend with eternal honor to posterity.—
The meeting between him and his royal master
was most affecting. The fallen monarch, charm
ed with such proof of fiidelily and devotion in
his former minister, sprang forward to receive
him ; hut, overw helmed with emotion, he fell at
the feet of the king, who raised his venerable and
prostrate friend, and they remained for some time
clasped in each other’s arms, and then immediate
ly proceeded to the ground work of the defence,
which many other persons offered to undertake
for Louis, hut lie knew that he could not place it
in more able hands than those of Mnlesherbes.—
Free access was granted by the convention to the
Temple, that the king and his counsel might con
stantly commune together. Although M.tleshcr
lies prov ii to be one of the most devoted adhei
ents of Louis yet, during the period that virtu
ous minister was in office. Madame Tussuud
states, that he was by no moans liked at the court,
by whom ho was designated, ‘i/uur/re vnleurs,’
which signifies a remarkably powerful vinegar,
alluding to the stern aspect which generally per
vaded In«countenance, and which many of the in
mates and frequenters of the palace chose to de
nominate ‘sour.’
As soon as the proceedings of the trial of the
king had commenced, lie was restricted from see
ing his family, and on consulting with his coun
sel, found the time allowed them tor drawing up
his defence was not sufficient, an I requested to
have the aid of another who was younger and
more active; whereupon M. Dcseze was chosen,
and by means of the closest application lie was
enabled to have all in readiness by the day stat
ed.
The mode of communication between the king
and has family, after they were sepaiated, was
managed with much ingenuity ; being furnished
with materials for writing his defence, lie was en
abled to inform the queen and her fellow--ufier
ers of ult that transpired, whilst theyprieked with
a pin the answers, which were conveyed by a
variety of ingeoioffs means; often by lowering
them, hod to a string, from one story lo another;
sometimes they were enveloped in halls ofthread
and dropped under the table by the servants, so
that tbe unforluna e prisoners bad the melancho
ly consolation of imparting their mutual thoughts
and wishes.
On the 26th of December, Louis was convey
ed lo the assembly in the carriage of the mayor,
being the appointed to hear the defence of the un
fortunate monarch. He was, as before, perfectly
composed, and even joked about Haiitcrre keep
ing liis hat in in the carriage. When arrived in
the midst of his judges and accusers, who were,
unfoi tunalely, one and the same person, he was
calm and collect das ever, Dcseze fully justifi
ed the choice which had Iren made in his favor,
by tie very judicious manner in which he ad
dressed the convention. Although his argu
ments repelled those adduced by the enemies of
royally, yet lie tempered them with so much
mildness, that ho avoided irritating the aecuscrs.
In fact, not any thing that could he said or done
was omitted, which might have been serviceable
to the devoted monarch ; but, as he was prejudg
ed by the majority of the members, all efforts to
save him proved unavailing. When his coun
sel had finished, Louis himself made a few re
marks, which were delivered with the same un
embarrassed air as upon a former occasion, when
hf replied to the interrogatories which were ad
dressed to him by bis judges.
As soon as he retired from the convention, a
most tumultuous discussion occurred. Lanjui
nais, in the most daring manner, condemned the
whole proceedings against the king, and calling
the instigators of the 10th of August conspira
tors, a furious uproar ensued, with cries of ‘Or
der!’ and‘To the Abbnye!’ St. Just next spoke,
and. abaough he had himself been somewhat
touched by the king's mild and dignified appear
ance, ho cautioned the asse rbly not to bo influ
e iced by such a feeling, and placed the conduct
of Louis in so treacherous a light, as to have a
most powerful effect in prejudicing tbe minds of
the assembly against tbe unhappv monarch. A
counter feeling was then produced by a speech of
Vergniaud’s, which was a master-piece of elo
quence; yet a reply by Barreie, although posses
sing no claim to a comparison with regard to the
rhetoric which it contained to tha. of Vergniaud,
appeared to cast the balance against the accused,
and the 14lh of January was appointed for the
decision nt the question by vote.
.Madame Tussaud had frequent opportunities
of seeing Barrere, as at her, uncle's house ho
was frequently a guest. She described him as a
good looking man, rather tall and stout; had
much the appearance of a gentleman : was very
polished in his manners, and his conversation was
particularly refined. He was born at Turlies, was
by profession a barrister, and was celebrated for
the elegance of his language, although ton fond
of antitheses. He was the editor of a journafcal
led The Break of Day." When Brissot pro
posed to defer the trial of the King, Barrere ex
claimed, “ that the tree of liberty would never
flourish until watered by royal blood,' He trans
lated Young's Night Thoughts; he was noticed
by Napoleon, who employed him in writing, but
declared that his abilities were not of a high class:
that he was too fond of metaphor and imagery,
whilst his argument generally lacked good sense.
At the restoration of the Bourbons he was exiled
as a regicide.
A popular fee’.ing appeared in some degree to
exist in lavor of Louis, which was fcqnently evin
ced at the theatres, partieulary at the performance
es I,' amides lois ; and where the phrase occured,
of “You cannot he accusers and pidges nt the
same time,” it was followed by shouts of ap
plause, and the actor was compelled by the au
dience to repeat the passage; but such men es
Rohespiere, Mural, and others, were very busy
in turning the feelings of the people against the
monarch, and persuading them that the existence
of the republic was identified with his death, un
til at last they so worked upon the public mind,
that the populace was r used to such a pitch of
frenzy against the members who defended the
king, that many who had intended to vole for
banishment or a more lenient penalty, at last de
clared in favor of It sexecution, fearing, tha: if he
were spared, there would he a civil war. and that
the sacrifice of one life would he heller than that
of thousands. This was hut betraying their con
viction of the weakness of the government, com
pared with the strength o' the people ; hut,
whatever may have been the motive of the dif
ferent members for giving the vole which they
did, the majority, after a silting of twenty-two
hours, were in favor of the death of Louis the
Sixteenth. On a second motion, as to whether
the execution should bo immediately or delayed
for a time, it was declared by three hundred and
eighty to three hundred and ten, that the sentence
should he enforced without delay.
On Gantt, the minister of justice, the melan
choly tusk devolved, of communicating the dread
ful tidings in the king, who received it with all
that calm philosophy which he had before so of
ten displayed in moments of dancer. Soon after
the fatal decree was read in his presence by Ornu
volle, Louis returned to his room, and, with his
usual composure, gave orders for his dinner, and
ate with his ordinary appetite. He was allowed
to have the Abbe Edgeworth do Pinnont, as the
minister to officiate in the performance of the last
duties.
The most severe trial which Louis had to un
dergo, was that of bidding his last farewell to his
family, which presented a scene which no words
can convey an adequate idea. Convulsive sobs,
and incessant weeping, deprived the females of
the power of utterance. The princess royal, fain
ted us the awful moment of final separation arri
ved. His family retiring, Louis was again left
to his reflections, and, rallying, he soon resumed
his wonted composure. Clery, his faithful valet
de chamhre, and the Ahhe Edgeworth, witnessed
the last interview between the monarch and his
family.
The next day, that of his < xecution, Madame
Tusenml describes as one of the most tneluncholy
and imposing ol any she ever remembers to have
witnessed. Every shop, and even every window
was closed, and people mostly retired to the hacks
of the houses, along the line by which thedreud
(ul csrtalcade had to pass. Incalculable were the
floods of tears which were on that day shed; and,
although, what with the national guards, and
other troops, the Boulevards, from the Rue du
Temple to the Place Louis Quin/,e, were occupied
by many thousands, yet a solemn silence reign
ed, ns the carriage, containing the royal victim,
passed between the lines of troops, which were
under arms; cannon was also planted so as to he
in readiness, in case any attempt at rescue should
occur.
Louis retained to the last all his [lowers, and
i.is resignation and fortitude were the theme of
admiration, even amongst his enemies. When
nil the seal!',dd, he quitted, for an instant, the ex
ecutioners, and advancing with a firm step, ad
dressed the people, by declaring that lie died in
nocent of the crimes which had been laid to his
charge, and that he forgave the authors of his
death, praying that his blood might not fall up
on France. What more he would have said it
is impossible to judge, as Santcrro ordered the
drums to heat, that they might drown the mon
arch's voice. He then submitted to his fate, as
the Ahhe Edgeworth ejaculated, ‘ Son of St. Lou
is, ascend to heaven!’
The Monks of Old.
This pathetic poem, by the author of “Richelieu,”
was wnltcoTin a melancholy occasion ; toe author
having visited an old monastic church on tire conti
nent, to bury a beloved infant.
1 envy them—those monks of old—
Their books they read, and their beads they told ;
To hum m soilness dead anil cold,
And all life s vanity.
They dwelt like shadows on the earth,
Free from the penalties of birth,
Nor let one feeling venture forth
Hut charity.
I envy them; their cloistered hearts
Knew not the bitter pang that parts
being that all Alfcctton 6 arts
Had linked in unity.
The tomb to them was not the place
To drown the best-loved of their race,
And blot out each sweet memory’s trace
In dull obscurity.
To them it was the calmest bed
That rests the aching human bead ;
They looked with envy on the dead,
And now with agony.
No bonds they felt, no ties they broke,
No music of tbebeait they woke,
When one brief moment ilhad spoke
To lose it suddenly.
Peaceful they kved—peaceful they died ;
And tboie that did their fate abide
Saw brothers wither by their side
In all tranquility.
They loved not, dreamed not—for their sphere
field not joy’s visions; but the tear
Os broken hope of anxious fear.
Was not their misery
f envy them—those monks of old
And when their statutes 1 behold.
Carved in the marble calm and cold,
How true an elfigy.
I wish my heart was calm and still
To beams that fleet and b asis that chill.
And pangs that pay joy’s spendthrift thrill
Rh bitter usury.
Gen. Harrison.
The present canvass has brought to light
through the columns es the National Intelligencer,
the subjoined speech of General Harrison, deliv
ered in the House of Representatives of thp
United Htatcs, on the following Resolution',
which was submitted by him :
“ Haolwd, That a committee l>e appointed
jointly with such committee as may be appointedi
on the part ot the Senate, to consider and report
what measures ii may be proper to adopt to man'
itest the public respect for the memory of Gener
al Tiniinki s Kosrivsso, formerly an officer in
the service of the United States, and the uniform
and distinguished fiicnd of Liberty and the Rights
of Man.”
In this proposition (he ruling passion of the
mover, his enthusiastic admiration of the princi
ples of tl e Revolution, and his zeal in behalf of
liberty i.i general, and of the rignts of man, are
plainly developed,
Out it is to the following speech, delivered on
that occasion, extracted from the file of the Na
tional Intelligencer, that we bespeak the purlieu-,
lar attention of our readers;
On presenting the above resolution, Gen. Har
rison addressed the House as follows:
“The public papers have announced an event
which is well calculated to excite the sympathy
every American bosom. Kosciusko, the martyr
of Liberty, is no more I VV'e are info, med that
he died at Soleure, in France, some lime in Oc
tober last.
In tracing the cvcnls of this great man’s life,.
we find in him that consistency of condui t which
is tlie to lie admired as it is so rarely to lie met'
with. Ho whs nolnt one time the friend of man
kind, and at another the instrument of their op
pression ; hut he preserved throughout his whole
career those, nohle principles which distinguished;
him in its commencement—which influenced him,
at an early period of his life, to leave his country
and his friends, am) in another hemisphere to fight
for the rights of humanity.
Kosciusko was horn and educated in Poland,
of a noble and distinguished family—u country
where the distinctions in society are perhaps car
ried to greater lengths than in any other. Hi*
Creator, had, hi wever, endowed him with a soul
capable ol rising above the narrow prejudices of
a caste, and breaking tiic shackles which a vicious
education had imposed on his mind.
When very young, he was informed by the
voice of Fame that the standard of liberty had
been erected in America—that an insulted and
oppressed people had determined to be free, or
perish in the attempt. His ardent and generous
mind caught, with enlhusiam, the holy flame, end
from that moment he became the devoted soldier
of liberty.
“ His rank in the American army afforded him
no opportunity greatly to distinguish himself.
But ho was remarked thioughout his service for
all the qualities which adorn the human charac
ter. His heroic valor in the field eould only be
equalled by his moderation and affdiilily in the
walks of private life. He was idolized by the
soldierk for his bravery, and beloved and respect
ed by the officers for the goodness of his heart,
and the great qualities of his mind.
“ Contributing greatly, by his exertions, to the
establishment of the independence of America,
he might have remained and shared the blessings
it dispensed, under the protection of a chief who
loved and honored him, and in the bosom of a
grateful iirnl tiff ctionale people.
“ Kosciusko hud. however, other' views. It is
not known that, until the period I am speaking
of, he had formed any distinet idea of what could
or indeed what cught to be done for his own.
Butin the Revolutionary war be drank deeply of,
the principles which pioduccd it. In hisconver--
sations with the intelligent men of our country,,
ho acquired new views of the science of govern--
rnent and the rights of man. He had seen, too,
that, to he free, it was only necessary that a na
tion should will it; and, to he happy, it was only
necessary that a nation should be free. And
was it not possible to procure these blessings for
Poland I—for Poland, the country of his birth,
which had a cla ; m to all his efforts, to all his ser
vices 1 That unhappy nation groaned under a
complication of evils which Imssraiccly a paral
lel in history. The mass of the people were the
abject slaves of the nobles ; the nobles torn into
fa -tions, were alternately the instruments and the
victims of their powerful and ambitious neigh
bors. By intrigue, corruption, and force, some > f
its fairest provinces had been separated from the
Republic, ami the people, like beasts, transferred i
to foreign despots, who were again watching for a
favorable moment for a second dismemberment.
To regenerate a people thus debased, to obtain
for a country thus circumstanced the biesdngs of
liberty and independence, was a work of as
much difficulty as danger. But. to a mind like
Kosciusko’s, thedilficulty and danger ofan enter
prise served as stimulants to undertake it.
“ The annuls of these limes gives us no detail
ed account of the progress of Kosciusko in ac
complishing his great work, from the period of
his return from America to the adoption of the
New Constitution of Poland, in 1791. This
inter al, however, of apparent inaction, was most
usefully employed to illumine the mental dark
ness which enveloped his countrymen. To stim
ulate the ignorant and bigotted peasantry with
the. hope of future emancipation—to teach a
proud hut gallant nobility that true glory is only
to be found in tbe paths of duty and patriotism—
interests the most opposed, prejudices the most
stubborn,and habits the most inveterate, were re
conciled, dissipated, and broken, by the ascendan
cy of his virtues and example. The storm which
lie hud foreseen, and for which he had been pre
paring, at length burst upon Poland. A feeble
and unpopular Government bent before its fury,
and submitted itself to the Russian yoke of the
invader. But the nation disdained to follow it*
example ; in their extremity every rye was turn
ed on the hero who had already fought their bat
tles, the sage who had enlightened them, and the
patriot who hud set the example of uersonal sa
crifice* to accomplish the emancipation of tbe
people.
■■ Kosciusko was unanimously appointed gen
erallissimo of Poland, with unlimited power*, un
til the enemy should be driven from the country.
On his virtue the nation reposed with the utmost
confidence; and it is some consolation to reflect,
amidst the general depravity of mankind, that two.
instances, in the same age, have occurred, where
powers of this kind were employed solely for tbe
purposes for which they were given.
“ It is not my intention, sii, to follow the Pol
ish Chief throughout the career of victory which,,
for a considerable time, crowned his efforts, Gui-.
ded by his talents, and led by his valor, his undis*
ciplined, ill-armed militia charged with effect the
veteran Russian and Prussian; tbe mailed cuiras
siers of the great Frederick, for the first time,
broke and fled before the lighter and more appro
priate cavalry of Poland. Hope filled the breast*
of the patriots. After a long night, the dawn of
an apparently glorious day broke upon Poland.
But. to the discerning eye of Kosciusko, the light
which it shed was of that sickly and portentous