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Cljromdc & Sentinel. .1 W. & W. S. JONES. AUGUSTA, GA.,THURSDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 4, 1845. VOLHX-NO. 105. WEDNESDAY MORNING, SEPT. 3. ‘‘ Nothing is more apparent than that the last hope ot England to defeat annexation is by ope rating upon popular opinion in this country, \V itn what success she may do this, we are not left entirely to conjecture. We behold here in our very midst, signs that this hope is not entire ly chimerical. Look at the “Augusta Chron icle,” the undisguised and bitter opponent of Texas, and the revilerof its people. Look at the “Columbus Enquirer,” another leading Whig print, not less uncompromising in its opposition to this great measure of national honor. At ready ace they playing into the hands of British sagacity, and seconding the wily schemes ol British diplomacy. Having sought in cveij r other imaginable way to prejudice the question, they are now seeking to foment this prejudice anew, by talking ol the cost ot the war with Mexico.” The above is an extract from the Constitu tionalist of Saturday morning, which escaped our notice, and we only notice it now to correct the assertion of the editor, who seems to have drawn largely upon his fancy in reference to ourselves. As to our opposition to the annexa tion of Texas, prior to the enactment of the law for that object, and the acceptance of its provi sions by the Texan government, it was open and undisguised, and based upon what we then and now regard the true interests of tiie two countries. If it was to that period of time to which the editor refers, he is correct in repre senting us as opposed ; but if to any subsequent period it is mere assertion, unsupported by the slightest evidence. But we are charged bv the Constitutionalist with “ reviling the people of Texas!" We are well aware that our neigh bor has quite a vivid imagination, one oltcn disposed to roam in the ethereal regions of fan yy, but we had not supposed tiiat even his fancy would have honored such a draft as that! We revile ike people of Texas!" —really, it is the wildest charge that even democracy in its most extravagant ravingsever madeagainst us. The editor doubtless desired to round off a period, and in the anxiety to accomplish the thing hand somely, his fancy suggested the thought that we iiad 11 reviled ike people o) Texas,” and forthwith he charge was penned, with less regard to its uuth, perhaps, than the structure of the sentence \ concludes. So far indeed from ever having entertained, much more expressed, any such sentiment in reference to the people of Texas, n i advocate ol annexation has spoken in kinder terms of them. 1 he fling ol the Editor, about "playing into ax hands of B r Uish sagacity, and seconding Ike di/ schemes of British diplomacy is obnoxiois to ihe charge of a want of good taste in more inspects than one. It is rather a more lit ema. from tl pot-house ” politicians and street demagogues, than a journal which aspires to be conducted upon elevated principles—and to our mind it comes With very bad grace, from one who is so zealous an advocate of British free trade theories as the Constitutionalist. The Editor complains of what he is pleased to term oar 11 gibe,” in reference to the grand democratic glorification in our paper of Thurs day last. In the very outset of the discussion of the question of annexation, we protested against its being made a party question, and besought the people to investigate it as a great national ques tion, paramount to the considerations of party. This we regarded as due to their own and the na tion’s honor. Entertaining suck feelings, we could not but regard the miserable effort of ihe De mocratic party, to drag it up again before the peo ple of Georgia, after having once sacrificed it at the shrine of party, in the shape of a glorification, as a species of demagogueism, which deserved just such a “ gibe” as we indulged. But yes terday, and even now, we are told by the organs that the question is not yet settled, and the peo ple are warned against the alleged efforts of the whigs to defeat its final consummation ; and yet in the lace of these repeated and oft reiterated declarations, the people are requested by the very same men, to assemble and rejoice over this great measure of “ deliverance and libertv ,” which has been accomplished by the democracy of the country! Can it be possible that the leaders of the party hope to delude the people by such s flimsy veil as that—do they expect to conceal their demagogueism by such a frail covering? If so, truly have thev great confi dence in the credulity of the people of Georgia 1 But let them make the most ot their jollifica don, say we, and then they will not be able to draw off the attention of the intelligent voters ol Georgia, from the true issues involved in the present canvass in Georgia. The people under stand the game w ich is attempted to be played, nnd the object of the players and bottle-holders, and unless we greatly overrate their intelligence and patriotism, the whole scheme will prove a miserable failure. Comparative Safety of Railway Travel ing.—The London Rail way Chronicle of Aug. 2, states a fact which illustrates the compara live safety of railway and post coach travel ling. “Mr. Wakley, the coroner, said, ‘it was a singular fact, that during the six years he had filled the office of coroner, although 15 miles ol the Great Western, and 14 miles oflhc London and Birmingham lines passed through his-dis * r 'ct, he had not held an inquest on a single passenger who had met his death on a railroad During the same time he had held several in quests on passengers by stage coaches.’ ” The conductors and managers of railroads in Eng land must lake greater precautions to preserve the ijyes of their passengers, than is done upon American railroads; for here there is scarcely '* x ‘ ee k that we do not hear of a death upon some one or other of the lines of railroads in this country. A Ew Cotton. Seventy-nine bales of the new £i ave b f en received in this city from the plantation of Col. T. Clanton in Columbia conn- “‘Pet Banks’—and his Fiscalency!—The people of Georgia could not have been other t wise than astounded, when they read in the Fi • nance Report, ( page Jive, of pamphlet copy,) pub . lished in the papers of the day, that our Sta-te t had grown so rich, as to be enabled to loan i money to others to speculate upon. I here copy - from the Report: ■ Deposit in Central Bank of Georgia,. $43,761 96 * “ Bank State of Georgia, at Savannah, 1086031_ ' “ Bank ot Augusta, 71,84101 ’ “ Marine and Insurance Bank, Savannah, 2.500 00 ; _ $l2B 976 28 “This large amount of the people's money has been taken front the Treasury ol our State, and 1 deposited among those banks—and for what?— 1 To be loam d out to speculators? Tnbeusedfor corrupting our elections? lam totally at a loss to know, lor what purpose this laige amount of money w; s placed on deposit in those Banks, And lam the more astonished at the matter, when I reflect that it was AN OPERATION DONE IN VIOLATION OF THE LA WS OF THE STATE. What authority of law, had the Governor to remove this money from the Treasury? None. An act of the legislature, (see section 6 and 7, ol Act of 1841, page 173) authorized the Governor to deposit in Banks, money received from the Federal Government on account of military claims, and all other funds paid into the’Treasu rv, EXCEPT such as maybe received from taxes. But Gov. Craw/ord deposited money received from taxes, for the people had but little other in the State Treasury,” The amount unde)'con trol ol the Executive, $26,51226, is not included in the above deposi's. “The construction of law which enabled Gov. Crawford to assume the high handed power ol taking the people’s money from the Treasury, and placing it in the vaults ol “ pet Banks,” to be discounted on, would be so ex ceedingly novel, suigeneris, that it ought, forth with, to he given to the public. I know of no rule for the construction of statutes which would confer upon Gov. Crawford the power, which he has thus arrogantly and wantonly assumed. Is it lor condr.ct like this, that the people of Georgia arc called upon to re-elect him ? If the Governor can exercise the privilege, without lav.*, of depositing the state’s money in Banks in Augusta or Savannah, why rqay he not in vest it in speculation in cotton or lands; or loan it out; or open a “shaving shop” in the Capttol, and buy up notes and sell bills of Exchanges? If the legislature had met, in 1814, and this matter been made known, Gov. Crawford would have been obnoxious to the high charge ol impeachment, for this outrage ous trampling upon the laws, and unprecedent ed assumption ol power.” The above is extracted Irom a commuuica lion in the Constitutionalist of Saturday last under the imposing signature ot “ Pincy Woods” a writer who has recently acquired some noto riety, it not for his truths, certainly lor some other characteristic trail. We shall not on this occasion attempt to define the difference between the moral of the thing of publishing to the world a communication, under the signa ture of another, containing a grave charge a.-aiasl a high functionary, unsupported and unsupportable by testimony, or of making the same charge Editorially. We leave this duty to our neighbor of the Constitutionalist, who, we apprehend, would not risk his reputation upon a charge that Governor Crawford had deposited money “ in violation of the laws of the S’ate," or that he “ was obnoxious to the high charge of impeachment ,” who nevertheless to a certain extent countenances these charges and aids in their dissemination, when he did know, or should have known, that the money was de posited under authority of law. The writer of the article, “ Pincy Woods,” if he had desired to publish the truth, could easily have been informed of the objects of those de posits, by either calling at the Bank of Angus-' I ta,or consulting the laws of the State ; but we presume it was no part ol his purpose togive the people the truth, for in that event, not even an insinuation of a charge would or could have rested against the Governor, The Legislature t of 1843 ordered th- payment in Augusta and I Savannah of the interest on the State bonds, if the Governor should deem such payment of ad vantage to the interest or credit of the State, provi , ded the holders of said bonds done certain things r therein specified. The interest was therelore . payable at Milledgeville, Savannah and Augus . ta, and as the Governor was particularly watch j fit! of the honor, faith and credit ot the State, he I very prudently and wisely deposited the money in advance, in the Banks mentioned, for the ex i press purpose ot paying the interest. This, then, . is a plain statementof facts, which shows that > so far from violating the law, Governor Craw ( lord has only carried out its provisions. . Reader, you have seen and read the charge, . which has been paraded with such an array of , italics and capitals, through the columns of the , Constitutionalist, and you have read the ex -3 planatio’’. What think you of a cause which a requires a resort to such means to sustain it be fore the country ? What think you oft he political morals of men who seek to attain success bv such a policy? Are you ready to unite inacru ’’ sade which seeks thus to defame a faithful and honest public servant for the legal discharge of his duties to the country ? Or will you not s rather spurn an association with fhose who have shown themselves capable of such deeds, I and unite your energies with those who are II seeking by all honorable means to elevate him who has so faithfully labored to maintain the e honor, dignity and faith of the Stale? These b are not unmeaning interrogatories—and, reader, it behooves you to reflect upon them, e March of Mind in Virginia.—The Post -3 master General, not long since, abolished one of the small offices in Virginia, and wrote a 11 tough draft ol'a letter, informing the country y postmaster that jn consequence of his proximi n ty to the other office, he had determined to dis continue his office. Very soon an answer was 1 received, in which the postmaster complained bitterly of the discontinuance of his office—not for the sake of the salary, tor that was not more v than 62i cents per quarter—but on account of e the cause ot the discontinuance— proximity; - “ for,” said he, “ I never was guilty of proximi ty in my life.” More Troops.— The N. Y. Tribune of the 30th ult. says;—The steamer Cleopatra brought 842 passengers yesterday morning from Nor wich. The train out of Boston numbered 27 passenger cars, the largest we believe ever drawn by one engine in this country, yet all the voyagers were made comfortable on the boat through the exerlions of the officers. Among the number were three companies of U. S. troops, two from Boston and one from Portsmouth; they are ordered to Texas, and will proceed thither in the U. S. storeship Laxington from this port. Mobile.— The Advertiser of the 28th ultimo t says: With occasional showers of rain we ; are enjoying in this vicinity wholesome, sea- ! sonable and pleasant weather. The city re- | mains perfectly healthy. The only long faced personages we see about the streets now-a-days are the doctors, who are seemingly in great dis tress, for want of employment. The same paper says We learn from pas sengers on the schooner Relief, arrived yester day morning from Pensacola, that the U. States sloop-01-war Falmouth sailed on Wednesday ; from that station on a cruise in the gulf, 'I he steamships Mississippi and Princeton, it was believed, were under sailing orders. Increase of Railway Business in England. —By returns recently published it appears that on 39 lines of railway in England, embracing about 1.900 miles, the business for the six months ending with June, amounted in round numbers to $13,000,000, being an increase of about $2,- 000,000 over the corresponding six months ol last year. The London and Birmirgham toad increased $250 000, or $9,000 a week: the Great Western, $200,000; the Grand Junc tion, $l5O 000; Midlands, 8250,000. Taking the value ot money at 4 per cent., wc have thus an aggregate increase of property of about 8200,000,000, if we make no allowance ffir in creased expenditures, of which no account is given. Lead.— The writer of a letter from Galena, (111.) says he learned from the Superintendant of the United States lead mines at that place, that the amount of lead shipped from that dis« tticl this year, will reach 60,000,000 pounds. The quantity shipped last year, was 43,000,000 pounds. “All Parties Pleased. —Facts area great deal belter than theories. Two facts exhibited by the statistical report of the commerce ot the United States we. trust will be set down and remembered, viz: Ist. A high tariff' does not prevent excessive importations. 2d. A high tariff does not prevent the expor tation of specie.” The above is from the N. Y. Journal of Com merce. We arc glad to see such statements in an out-and-out free trade paper. It the high tariff—that is the tariff of 1842 does not prevent excessive importation and the occasional exportation of specie, ot course the tree trade people cannot complain, as they have their way. Well, the protective tariff people, in.-lading the manufacturers, are con tent with the present tariff, notwithstandingthe excessive importations ot merchandise and the exportation of specie. Both parties can live, and so all are satisfied. It must be that the ta riff ot 1842 is tit e juste milieu so long sought. We shall, then, have no alteration in the tariff. U. S. Gazette. From the Phila. North American, N w York, Aug. 29—p. w. There is little of interest in the local news of to-day. No new criminal cases have been re ported, and the details of the old cases are retold. The Tea sde was largely attended, and the whole run off in a lew minutes. The lot was mostly low grade Young Hyson, which brought 33 rents for the same quality that sold in the J, G. Coster sale at 30 cents. Stocks are much firmer at an advance of k cent on Kentucky 6s, and \\ ® 1J on some lead ing fancies. The sales are larger than for some time. This being packet day for two steamers, the sales ot Produce have been quite moderate. The business in Sterling exchange has been large, at 110 for the chief part of the amount. Moderate sales ot Cotton at full prices. Over twelve hundred steerage passengers have arrived at this port from Europe this fore noon. From the Islands of the Pacific. Advices from the Sandwich Islands to the 16 h May have been received. The death ol Haalilio, one of the King’s envoys to the Go vernments of France, England and the United Slates, is announced. The following extracts are from the Poly nesian and the Friend of Temperance. A late gale at Lahaina produced a great commotion in the whaling fleet at anchor in the roadstead. Between 30 and 40 ships put to sea; only the Morea ol New Bedford rode out the gale, and she came near going upon the reef. We have heard the damage estimated at between 30 and SIO,OOO to the' whole fleet. At Honolulu the gale was severe, but no dam age of consequence. Twenty-six of the Van Dieman’s Land prisoners had arrived at Honolulu in the whale ship Steiglitz, seeking passage for the United States. There have been, up to April 30, more than 170 ships at Lahaina, of which 54 were at anchor at one lime. As many as 700 seamen have been ashore on liberty at once,among whom good order has prevailed. Tahiti.— ln Tahiti the state of public affairs i remained unsettled. The public mind seemed j to be in suspense, waiting the arrival of the English admiral. The French are carrying forward their public works and fortifications. By the arrival ot a store ship with 200 tons of heavy munitions of war, direct from France, to be followed shortly by another, it would appear that the French government designs to render their oceanic establishment permanent. Oregon.— By the anivalof the H. Bay Com pany’s barque Cowelitz, we have received ad vices from Oregon. The Legislative commit tee of Oregon had risen from the sitting, ad journed from June last. The town at the Wal la rae’te Falls is incorporated; and at the elec tion of city council much spirit was exhibited. The parlies in politics are now Hon. H. B. men and Americans. George Ab-rnethy, Esq. was elected mayor. The health of the country is remarkably good. The season thus far has been warm and exceedingly rainy. Much damage has been done by high water in the country. From the National Intelligencer. I CAPTAIX FREMONT’S REPORT. [CONTINUED.] On the 7th of July, we find the following anecdote curiously illustrative of the history and habits of the buflalo: | “In the course of the afternoon, dust rising among the hills at a particular place attracted our attention; and, riding up, we found a band i ot eighteen or twenty buffalo bulls egaged in a desperate fight. Though butting and gorin j were bestowed liberally and without distmc- I tion, yet their efforts were evidently directed J against one—a huge old bull, very lean, while : his adversaries were all fat and in good order He appeared very weak, and had already re ; ceived some wounds, and while we were look i mg on, was several times knocked down and | badly hurt, and a very few minutes would have j put an end to him. Os course we took the side j of the weaker party, and attacked the herd; j but they were so blind with rage that they fought on, utterly tegardless of our presence although on fool and on horseback we w ere firing in open view within twenty yards of them. But this did not last long. In a very r few se conds we created a commotion amon" them.— One or two which were knocked over by the balls jumped up and ran off into the hills-and they begun to retreat slowly along a broad ra vine to the river, fighting furiously as they went. By the lime they had reached the bottom we had pretty well dispersed them, and the old bull hobbled off to lie down somewhere.” The great beauty, prolusion, and variety of the flowers in the wilderness is often noted.— On the 12th July “ our road lay down the valley of the Platte, which resembled a garden in the splendor of fields of varied flowers, which fill ed the air with fragrance. The only timber I noticed consisted of popular, birch, cotton wood, and willow.” On the 13th, when in longitude 104 degrees 39 min. 37 sec. and latitude 41 deg. 8 min. 31 sec., and at an elevation of 5,440 feet above the sea, Captain Fremont says: “It will be seen, by occasional remarks on the geographical formation, that the constitu ents ot the soil in these regions are good, and every day served to stienglhen the impression in my mind, confirmed by subsequent observa tim, that the barren appearance oflhc country is due almost entirely to the extreme dryness of the climate.” On the 14th, the following curious geologi cal scene is noticed : “The winds and rains work this formation into a variety of singular forms. The pass into Goshen’s hole is about two miles wide, and the hill on the western side imitates, in an ex traordinary manner, a massive, fortified place, with a remarkable fullness of detail. The rock is marl and earthy limestone, white, with out the least appearance ot vegetation, and much resembles masonry at a little distance ; and here it sweeps around a level area two or three hundred yards in diameter, and in the form ot a half moon, terminating on either ex tremity in enormous bastions. Along the whole line of the parapets appear domes and slender minarets, forty or filly feet high, giving it every apoearance of an old fortified town. On the waters of White river, where this formation exists in great extent, it presents appearam es which excite the admiration of the solitary voyageur, and form a frequent theme of their conversation when speaking ul the wonders of the country. Sometimes it otters the perfect ly illusive appearance of a large city, with numerous streets and magnificent buildings, among which the Canadians never fail to sec their cabaret; and sometimes it takes the lorm of a solitary house, with many large chambers, into which they drive thfeir horses at night, and sleep in these natural defences perfectly secure from any attack of prowling savages. Before reaching our camp at Goshen’s hole, in cross ing the immense detritus at the loot of the Castle rock, we were involved amidst winding passages cut by the waters of the hill; and where, with a breadth scarcely large enough lor the passage ol a horse, the walls rise thir ty and forty feet perpendicularly. This forma tion sunplies the discoloration of the Platte, On the 15th of July, the party reached Fort John, or Laramie, a post of the American Fur Company, situated near the junction of the Laramie with the Platte. Respecting this' post Capt. F. says : “ It is hardly necessary to say that the object of the establishment is to trade with tne neigh boring tribes, who, in the course ol the year, ge nerally make two or three visits to the fort. In addition to this, traders, with a small outfit, are constantly kept amongst them. The articles of trade consist, on the one side, almost entirely of buflalo robes; and, on the other, ol blankets, calicoes, guns, powder and lead, with such cheap ornaments as glass-beads, looking-glasses, rings, Vermillion for painting, tobacco, and principal ly, and in spite of the prohibition, of spirits, brought into the country in the form of alcohol, and diluted with water before sold. While mentioning this fact, it is but justice to the American Fur Company to state, that, through out the country, 1 have always found them stren uously opposed to the introduction of spirituous liquors. But, in the present slate ol things, when the country is supplied withalcohol, wlTen a keg of it will purchase from an Indian every thing he possesses—his furs, his lodge, his hors es, and even his wife and children—and when any vagabond who has money enough to pur chase a mule can go into a village and trade against them successfully, without withdrawing entirely from the trade, it is impossible for them to discontinue its use, lu their opposition to this practice, the company is sustained, not only by (heir obligation to the laws of the country and the welfare of the Indians, but clearly, also, on grounds of policy; for, with heavy and ex pensive outfits, they contend at manifestly great disadvantage against the numerous independent and unlicensed traders, who enter the country from various avenues, from the United States and from Mexico, having no other stock in trade than some kegs of liquor, which they sell j at the modest price of thirty-six dollars per gal -1 lon. The difierenee between the regular trader j and the coureur dcs bois, (as the French call the itinerant or peddling traders,) with respect to the sale of spirits, is here, as it always has been, fixed and permanent, and growing out of the nature of their trade. The regular trader looks ahead, and has an interest in the preservation ot the Indians, and in the regular pursuit of their business, and the preservation of their arms, horses, and everything necessary to their future and permanent success in hunting: the coureur ties bois has no permanent interest, and gets what he can, and for what he can, from ev ery Indian he meets, even at the risk of disa bling him from doing anything more at hunting. “Thefort had a very cool and clean appear ance. The great entrance in which I found the gentlemen assembled, and which was floored, and abou' fifteen feet long, made a pleasant, shaded seat, through which the breeze swept constantly; for this country is famous for high winds.” The unfavorable information received from the gentlemen of the fort, respecting the temper and position of the Indians, led to much consul tation and deliberation ; “ ft appeared that the country was swarming with scattered war parties; and when I heard, during the day, the various confadictory and exaggerated rumors which were incessantly re peated to them, I was not surprised that so much alarm prevailed among my men. Carson, one of the best and most experienced mountaineers, lully supported the opinion given by Bridgerof the dangerous state of the country, and openly expressed his conviction that we could not es cape without some sharp encounters with the Indians, In addition to this, he made his will; and among the circumstances which were con stantly occurring to increase their alarm, this was the most unfortunate; and I found that a number of my party had become so much in timidated that they had requested to be dis charged at this place.” AH things, however, being prepared for con tinuing the route, on the evening of the 19th, Capt. F. says— “ 1 gathered my men around me, and told them that 1 1 had determined to proceed the next day. They were all well armed. I had en gaged the services of Mr. Bissonette as interpre ter, and had taken, in the circumstances, every possible means to ensure our safety. In the ru mors we had heard, I believed there was much exaggeration, and then they were men accus tomed to this kind of life and to the country; and that these were the dangers of every day occur rence, and to be expected in the ordinary course of their service. They had heard of the unset tled condition of the country before leaving St. Louis, and therefore could not make it a reason for breaking their engagements. Still, I was unwilling to take with me, on a service of some certain danger, men on whom 1 could not rely; and as 1 had understood that there were among them some who were disposed to cowardice, and anxious to return, they had but to come forward ( at once, and state their desire, and they would ' be discharged with the amount due lo them lor the time they had served.’ To their honor be it said, there was but one among them who had the face to come forward and avail himself of the permission. 1 asked him some lew ques tions, in order lo expose him to the ridicule of the men, and let him go. The day after our de parture, he engaged himself to one of the torts, and set off with a parly for the Upper Missouri. I did not think that the situation of the country justified me in taking our young companions, Messrs. Brant and Benton, along with us. In case of misfortune, it would have been thought, at the least, an act of great imprudence; and, therefore, though reluctantly, I determined lo leave them. Randolph had been the life of the camp, and the 1 petit garcon’ was much regretted by the m»?n, to whom his buoyant spirits had afforded great amusement. They all, however, agreed in the propriety of leaving him at the fort, because, as they said, he might cost the lives of some of the tnen in a fight with the In dians,” On the 22d July, the party had a “ hue view of the gorge where the Platte issues from the Black-hills, changing its character abruptly from a mountain stream into a river of the plains.” Captain F. thus describes this locality : “In the morning, while breakfast was being prepared, I visited this place with my favorite man, Basil Lajeunessee, Entering so far as there was footing for the mules, we dismounted, and, tyihg our animals, continued our way on foot. Like the whole country, the scenery of the river had undergone an entire change, and was in this piacc the most beautiful I have ever seen. The breadth of the stream, generally near that ol its valley, was Irom two to three hundred feet, with a swift current, occasionally broken by rapids, and the water perfectly clear. On either side, rose the red precipices, vertical, and sometimes overhanging, two to lour hundred feet in height, crowned with green summits, on which were scattered a few pines. At the foot of the rocks was the usual detritus, formed ot masses fallen from above. Among the pines that grew here, and on the occasional banks, were the cherry, (cerasus virginiana ,) currants, and grains de boeuf, (shepkerdia argentea .) — Viewed in the sunshine ot a pleasant morning, the scenery was of a most striking and roman tic beauty, which arose from the picturesque dispositions of the objects, and the vivid con rast of colors. I thought with much pleasure of our approaching descent in the canoe through such interesting places; and, in the expectation of being able at that time io give to them a full examination, did not now dwell so much as might have been desirable upon the geological formations along the line of the river, where they are developed with great clearness. The upper portion ol the red strata consists of very com pact clay, in which are occasionally seen im bedded large pebbles. Below was a stratum of compact red sandstone, changing a little above the river into a hatd siliceous limestone. There is a small but handsome open prairie immedi ately below this place, on the left bank of the river, which would be a good locality for a military post. There are some open groves o cotton-wood on the Platte. The small stream which comes in at this place is well timb-r-ed with pine, and good building rock is abundant. “ If it is in contemplation to keep open the communications with Oregon territory, a show of military force in this country is absolute'y necessary; and a combination of advantages renders the neighborhood of Fort Laramie the most suitable place, on the line of the- Platte, for the establishment of a military post. It is connected with the mouth of Ihe Platte and the Upper Missouri by excellent roads, which are in Irequent use, and would not in any way in terlere with the range of the buffalo, on which the neighboring Indians mainly depend for sup port. It would render any posts on the Lower Platte unnecessary; the ordinary communica tion between it and the Missouri being suffi cient to control the intermediate Indians. It would operate effectually to prevent any such coalitions as are now formed among the Gros Ventres, Sioux, Cheyennes, and other Indians, and would keep the Oregon road through the valley of the Sweet Water and the South Pass of the mountains constantly open. A glance at the map which accompanies this report will show that it lies at the foot of a broken and mountainous region, along which, by the estab lishment of small posts in the neighborhood of St. Vrain’s fort, on the south lork of the Platte, and Beni’s fort, on the Arkansas, a line of com munication would be formed, by good waggon roads, with our Southern military posts, which would entirely command the mountain passes, hold some of the most troublesome tribes in check, and protect and facilitate our intercourse with the neighboring Spanish settlements. The valleys of the rivers on which they would be situated are fertile; the country, which supports immense herds of buflalo, is admirably adapted to grazing; and herds of cattle might be main tained by the posts, or obtained from the Spanish country, which already supplies a portion of their provisions lo the trading posts mentioned above. “ With the change in the geological formation on leaving Port Laramie, the whole face of the country has entirely altered its appearance.— , Eastward ofthat meridian the principal objectsi r which strike the eye of a traveller are the ab . sence of timber, and the immense expanse of prairie, covered with the verdure of rich grasses, and highly adapted tor pasturage. Wherever 1 th;y are not disturbed by the vicinity of man, , large herds of buffalo give animation to this I country. Westward of Laramie river the re gion is sandy, and apparently sterile; and the i place of the grass is usurped by the artemisia ' and other odoriferous plants, to whose growth the sandy soil and dry air of this elevated re gion seem highly favorable. “ One of the prominent characteristics in the face ol the country is the extraordinary abun dance of the arlemisias. They grow every where—on the hills, and over the river bottoms, in tough, twisted, wiry clumps; and, wherever the beaten track was left, they rendered the pro gress ot the carts rough and slow. As the coun try increased in elevation on our advance to the west, they increased in size; and the whole air is strongly impregnated and saturated with the odor of camphor and spirits of turpentine which belongs to this plant. This climate has been found very favoiable to the restoration of health, particularly in cases of consumption; and pos sibly the respiration ol air so highly impregna ted by aromatic plants may have some influ ence.” [continued to-morrow.] The Delaware Dis turbauces—Requisi tlous for Troops. We learu, upon inquiry at the Adjutant General’s office, that the Governor has ordered into the service of the State, in Delaware county, a company of Light Infantry from Unadilla, Otsego county, and two companies of Light Infantry recently formed in Delaware county; that it is expected the companies will be filled up to 100 men each; and that the Bat talion thus composed is placed under the com mand of Major Thomas Marvin of Delaware county. Os this force, 100 men are to be mount ed at once, with orders to mount another hun dred in case the officer in command, and the Sheriff, shall think the service requires it. Two Regiments of Infantry are put under orders to be in instant readiness to march, in case their commanders shall receive notice that a further force is wanted. These steps, taken promptly upon the publi cation of the Governor’s Proclamation, we are assured will be followed by such others as shall prove to be necessary to ensure the exe cution of the law. and the service of legal pro cess, both civil and criminal, in that county. It is confidently believed, however, that the force now placed under the command of Major Marvin, will prove fully adequate to that ob ject.—Albany Argus. How to prevent an Ague.— The following incident we find related in an exchange paper without credit, and as it presents the most effi cacious remedy for the prevention of an ague that has met our observation we give it: “ Well, Mr. Green,” said the judge, "you know it is my duty to order you to be hanged.” “Yes,” languidly replied the culprit; “yes, judge, I ’spose so.” “ Well, Mr. Green, when would it be most convenient for you to be hanged!” “Well, you see, I don’t care a—straw my self, any time the court please.” The court then directed the clerk to look in the Almanac, and see if next Friday three weeks did not come on Sunday; and having ascertained that it did not, informed the offen der that he would be taken out and hanged on that day at one o’clock. “Stop, old ieller,” said this subject of the law, “ stop; I reckon the ager comes on about eleven that morning, and if its all the same to you, I’d like to be hanged afore it comes on,— ’Spose you have me strung up at ten in the morning. It would be a mighty great accom modation,” The* census of Cambridge, Mass., recently taken, exhibits a population of 12,490, which is an increase of more than 4000 over that of 1840. From China. —By the ship lanthe, arrived this day, we have accounts from China. By the overland mail we had later intelligence, in which wag briefly mentioned the occurrence of a serious disturbance at Amoy. By the polite ness of a passenger in the lanthe, we have the following particulars. On the 2d of April ac counts were received from Hong Kong that very serious riots had occurred at Amoy, and that during their continuance the British consu late had been demolished. The origin of the trouble was not known. The frigate Acasta and steamer Vixen had been ordered to Amoy to look into the affair.— Com. Adv. 129th nit. The Rahway Print Works. —We made a brief visit, a day or two since, to the printing, dveingand weaving establishment of the Messrs. Frantz, in Leesville, one of the enterprising proprietors of which politely showed us over the extensive works. We understand the build ing was commenced last fall, and is now in full operation with an immense amount of ma chinery and apparatus. The building was 115 feel by 34, and five stories high. The number ot hands employed is 80. In addition to the water power it derives from the Rahway river, it has a steam engine of 24 horse power, ard by means of pipes the steam is carried into every part of the building, where it is used for the various purposes of boiling the cloth, bleaching, printing, dyeing, polishing, etc. A large part of the business is printing and dyeing blue cotton goods, and those we saw ready for the market were certainly a very handsome article. An immense amount of ginghams are also turned out, which here go through all the processes, dyeing the yarn, weav ing and finishing ready lor the counter. Hand kerchiefs and coarse pantaloon stuffs are also manufactured, and what with coach linings, carpet yarn, and the dyeing of every variety ot silk and cotton goods, there are processes enough here to require one at least a day to examine. Although there is such a variety of business carried on under the same roof, the whole con cern is admirably systematised, and the enter prising owners seem to be driving a thriving business. The amount of business done is about SISOO per week. The concern turns out 65 pieces of ginghams per week, and of the blue prints SO pieces per day. Another build ing is to be added of the same size as the pre sent one.— Rahway Advocate. Steamboat Planter Snagged.-— The Clerk of the “ Meteor” arrived yesterday, reports that the steamboat Planter, on her way down to this city, struck a snag in Red River on Wednesday the 20tb inst., when about four and a half miles below Alexandria, and sunk instantly in seven feet water. She was loaded with Government stores, consisting of Hay, Corn and Oats, nearly the whole of which was Idst. Boat supposed to be a total lo«s. Most of her crew and passen gers came down on the Meteor from the mouth of Red River. — N. O. Tropic , August 28. DR. ANTHON’S new Class Book Latin Versification, in a scries of progres sive exercises, by Charles Anthon, L.L.D., and No. 51 and 52 Harper’s Illustrated Shakapeare I —just received by je9 T. RICHARDS.