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G a i-i iOij i-l* La-'* jL -iiN PUBLISHED DAILY, TRI-WEEKLY AND WEEKLY. TERMS. DAILY PAPER —Ten Dollars per annum, payable in advance. TRI WEEKLY PAPER— Five Dollars per annum, in ] advance. WEEKLY PAPER—(A mammoth sheet) Three Dollar's ‘ pel nnum, in advance; iwo copies one year or one copy two years for 85 ; 10 copies one year for Twenty Dollars. ' Cash Systbm.—ln no case will an order for the pa per be attended to, unless accompanied with the mo ney ; and in every instance when the time for which any subscription maybe paid, expire;* before the receipt, offunds to renew the same, the reaper will be disconti nued. Depreciated funds received at value inthiscity. RATES OF ADVERTISING.—In Daily Paper, Fif ty cents per sqnare (tw^,i» e lines or less) for the first in- j sertion, and Thirty eight cents for each continuance, j Advei lisements c, r d erec i ; n S emi or tn-weekly. will be charged Fifty 'cents for each insertion - once a week in ' daily, Sevenjy. fa e cents. Monthly orsemi-monthly in- ' sertions. One Dollar each per square in both papers. In 'Wbsklv Paper —Seventy-five cents per square for j first, and Fifty cents fer each subsequent insertion. BQ— The charge for announcing candidates for Os- 1 fleets #3. to be paid tnvariab'y in advance. ■ Longer advertisements charged in proportion, j New advertisements appear in Daily and Tri- Weekly, j CAPTAIN FREMONT’S REPORT. SECOND EXPEDITION. —Continued. The following brie! but significant observa tions occur on the 13th and I4ih September, when the expedition was in iatiiude 41 deg. 42 rain, 43 sec., and longitude 112 deg. 05 min. 12 sec,: “The people to-day were rather low-spirited, hunger making them very quiet and peaceable; and there was rarely an oath to be heard in the camp —not even a solitary enfant dc garce. It was time for the men with an expected supply of provisions from Fitzpatrick to he in the neighborhood : and ihe gun was fired at eve ning, to give them notice of’ our locality, but met with no response. “September 14 —The people this evening looked so forlorn that I gave them permission to kill a fat young horse which I had purchased with goods from the Snake Indians, and they were very soon restored to gayety and good humor. Mr. Preuss and myself could not yet overcome some remains ofcivilized prejudices, and preferred to starve a little longer; feeling as much saddened as if a crime had been com mitted.” Captain Fremont, when crossing the dividing ridge which separates the waters of Bear river, (which flows into the Great Salt Lake,) and those of the Snake river, or Lewis’s fork of the Columbia, says: “The bottom of this river, fßear,) and of some of the creeks which I saw, form a natural resting and rectuiting station for travellers, now, and in all time to come. The bottoms are extensive; water excellent; timber suffi cient; the soil good, and well adapted to the g-ains anil grasses suited to such an elevated region. A military post and a civilized settle ment would be of great value here; and cattle and horses would do well where grass and salt so much abound. The lake will furnish ex haustless supplies of salt. All the mountain sides here are covered with a valuable nutri tious grass, called bunch grass, from the form in which it grows, which has a second growth in the fall. The beasts of the Indians were fat upon it; our own found it a good subsistence; and its quantity will sustain any amount ot cat tle, and make this truly a bucolic region.” The expedition reached Fort Hall, in lat. 43 deg. 01 min. 30 sec., and long, 112 deg. 29 min. 54 sec. on the 19th September, where they ob tained a supply of provisions, but experienced much inconvenience from the frost and snow ol a very early winter. Respecting the propriety of establishing a military post in the neighbor hood of Fort Hall, Capt. Fremont says; “ Allowing fifty miles for the road from the Beer springs officer river to Fort Hall, its dis tance along the travelled road from the town of Westport, on the frontier of Missouri bv way of Port Laramie and the great South Pass, is 1,323 miles. this place, on the line of road along the barren valley of the Upper Columbia, there does not occur, for a distance of nearly three hundred miles to the westward a fertile spot «f ground sufficiently large to pro duce the necessary quantity of grain, or pastu rage enough to allow even a temporary repose to the emigrants. On their recent passage, thev had been able to obtain, at very high prices, and in insufficient quantity, only such assistance as could be afforded by a small and remote trading post—and that a foreign one—which, in the supply of its own wants, had necessarily drawn around it some of the resources ot civile zation, but which obtained nearly all its sup pli**s from the distant depot of Vancouver, bv a difficult water carriage of 250 miles up the Columbia river, and a land carriage by pack horses of 600 miles. An American military post sufficiently strong to give to their road a perfect security against the Indian tribes, who are unsettled in locality, and very uncertain in their disposition, and which, with the necessary facilities for the repair of their equipage, would be able to afford them relief in stock and grain from th** produce of the post, would f e of extra ordinary value to the emigration. Such a post (and all oth°rs which may he established on the line to Oregon) would naturally form the nucleus of a settlement, at which supplies and repose would be obtained by the emigrant, or trading caravans, which may hereafter traverse these elevated, and, in many places, desolate and inhospitable regions.” From Fort Hall the expedition travelled, principally along the banks of Lewis’s river, a distance of 612 miles, to “ Fort Sez Perce,” a trading establishment of the Hudson Bav Com pany, erected a few hundred yards above the junction of the Walahwala with the Columbia river, which they reached on October 25th. On the 17th of October, when deviating from the course of the river to avoid a detour to the north, which it makes at Port Boise, the travellers -reached the valley of the Grand Rond— “One of the few places,” says Capt. Fre mont, “we have seen in our journey so far, where a fanner would delight to establish him self, if he were content to live in the seclusion which it imposes. It is about 20 miles in diameter, and may in lime form a superb coun ty.” In this neighborhood the trees grow to an immense size; the party met “with pines ap parently 200 feet high, and 3 to 7 feet in diame ter.” “Some white spruce were 12 feet in cir cumference, and one ot the larches ten; eight feet being the average of those measured along Their height appeared to be from 100 to 180, or perhaps 200 feet, and the trunks of the larches were sometimes 100 feel without A limb, but the white spruces were generally covered with branches, nearly to the root. All these trees have their branches, particularly the lower ones, declining.” About nine miles above the Nez Perce fort is the junction of the two great forks of the Columbia; the expedition did not go up lo the junction, being pressed for time. “ From the South Pass lo this place is about 1,000 miles; and as it is about the same dis tance from that pass to the Missouri river at the mouth of the Kansas, it rnav be assumed that 2,000 miles is the necessary land travel in crossing from the United States to the Pacific Ocean on this line. Captain Fremont proceeded by the river in a arge canoe, from the Methodist Missionary •siablisbment below the falls of the Columbia, te Fori Vatuumvtr, which he reached about midnight on the 6>h of November. This was the furthest westward point of Ihe outward bound journey, being, by the route of the expe dition, 2,766 miles from Kansas, on the western frontier of the State of Missouri. “In the morning, (says Capt. F.) the first ob ject that attracted my attention was the barque 1 Columbia lying at anchor neat the landing.— She was about to start on her voyage lo Eng land, and was now ready lor sea, being detain ed only in waiting the arrival of the express battcaus, which descend the Columbia and its north tork with the overland mail from Canada and Hudson’s Bay, which had been delayed be yond their usual lime. 1 immediately waited upon Dr. McLaughlin, the executive officer of the Hudson Bay Company in the territory west i of the Rock Mountains, who received me with i the courtesy and hospitality for which he has been eminently distinguished, and which makes ! a forcible and delightful impression on a travel i ler from the long wilderness from which we had | issued. 1 was immediately supplied by him I with the necessary stores and provisions to refit | and support my party in our contemplated w n i ler journey to the States; and also with a Macki j naw boat and canoes, manned with Canadian and Iroquois voyageurs and Indians, for their transportatii n to the Dalles of the Colum bia. In addition to this efficient kindness in furnishing me with the necessary supplies, I received from him a warm and gratifying sym pathy in the suffering which hisgreatexperience led him to anticipate for us in our homeward journey, and a letter of recommendation and credit for any officers of the Hudson Bay Com pany into whose posts we might be driven by unexpected misfortune. “Ol course the future supplies for my party were paii lor, bills on the Government of "he United States being readily taken; but everv hospitable attention was extended to me, and 1 accepted an invitation to take a room in the fort, ‘ and to make myself at home while I staid? I found many American emigrants at the fort; others had already crossed the river into their land ol premise—the Walahmdte valley. Others were daily arriving, and all of them had been furnished with shelter, so far as it could he afforded by the buildings connected with ihe establishment. Necessary clothing and provi sions (the latter to be afterwards returned in k ; nd from the produce of their labor) were also furnished. This friendly assistance was of very great value to the emigrants, whose fami lies were otherwise exposed to much suffering In the winter rains, which had now commenced, at the sa‘i e time that they were in want of all the common necessaries of life. Tho«e who had taken a water conveyance at the Nez Perce fort continued to arrive safely, with no other ac cident than has been already mentioned. The party which had passed over the Cascade moun tains were reported to have lost a number of iheir animals, and those who had driven their stock down the Columbia had brought them safely in, and found for theta a ready and very profitable market, and vwre already proposing to return to the States in the spring for another supply. “In the space of two days our preparations had been completed, and we were ready to set out on our return. It would have been very gratifying to have gone down to the Pacific, and, solely in the interest and in the love of geography, to have »f-en the ocean on the wes tern as well as on the eastern side of the conti nent, so as to give a satislactory completeness to the geographical picture which had been formed in our minds; but the rainy season had now regularly set in, and the air was filled with fogs and rain, which left no beauty in any scene ry, and obstructed observations. The object of my instruct! ns had heenentirely fulfilled in hav ing connected our reennnoissanre with the sur veysofCapt. Wilkes; and, although it would have been agreeable and satislactory to term mate here also our ruder astronomical ohservations, I was not, for such a reason, jus'ified to make a delay in waiting for favorable weather.” Capt. F left Fort Vancouver, on his home ward journey, on the 10th of November, and arrived at the Dalles of the Columbia, a dis tance of ninety miles, on the 18th. “The camp was now occupied (continue the narrative) in making the necessary prepa ratior s for our homeward journey, which, though homeward contemplated a new route, and a great circuit to the south and southeast and the exploration of the Go-a> Basin between he Rockv Mountains and the Sierra Nevada. Three principal objects were indicated, by re port or bv maps, as being on this route; the character or existence of which I assumed as landmarks, or leading points, on the projected line of return. The first of these lines was the T/amath lake, on the table land between the head of Fall river, which comes to the Colum bia, and the S icramento, w Inch goes to the bay of San Francisco; and from which lake a river of the same name makes its way westwardly direct to the ocean. This lake and river are often called Klomet, but I have chosen to write its name according to the Indian pronunciation. “ The position of this lake, on the line of in land communication between Oregon and Cali fornia ; its proximity to the demarcation bound ary ot latitude 42° ; its imputed double charac 'er of lake or meadow, according to the season of the year; and the hostile and warlike cha raeier attributed to the Indians about it—all made it a desirable object to visit and examine. Prom this lake our course was intended to be about southeast, toa reported lake called Mary’« at some days journey in the Great Ba«in; and thence, still on southeast, to the reouted Buena ventura river, which has had a place in so many maps, and countenanced the belief of the existence of a great river flowing from the Rockv Mountains to the bav of San Francisco. From the Buenaventura the next point was in tended to be in that section of the Rockv Moun tains which includes the heads of Arkansas river, and of the opposite waters of the Califor nian Gulf; and thence down the Arkansas to Bent’s Fort, and home. “This was our projected line of return—a great part of it absolutely new to geographical botanical, and geological science— and the sub ject of reports in relation to lakes, rivers, deserts and savages hardly above the condition of mere wild animals, which inflamed desire to know wffiat this terra, incognita really contained. It was a serious enterprise at the commencement of winter, lo undertake the traverse of such a region, and with a party consisting only of twenty five persons, and they of many nations American, French, German, Canadian, In dian, and colored—and most of them young, severs! being under twenty one years of age! All knew that a strange country was to be ex plored, and dangers and hardships to be encoun tered; but no one blenched at the prospect. On the contrary, courage and confidence animated the whole party. Cheerfulness, readiness, su bordination, prompt obedience, charac'erized all; nor did any extremity of peril ami privation to which we were afterwards exposed ever belie, or derogate from, the fine spirit of this brave and generous commencement.” With this high, and, from the result, most truly deserved compliment to the character of the brave men who formed the body of the expe dition, and this development of the objects con templated by their commander on their return journey, we must close litis present article—re serving the striking incidents of that homeward 'mt devious route, and some general comments ’non the entire expedition and its results, for a future day. Alabama Crop.—The Mobile Register of the 6th inst. says: The accounts received in ■he city respecting the crop are this week gene rally of the same tenor as previous advices We have seen several letters from the eastern counties and along the Alabama river, in winch there is a large deficiency on last year amicipa led. From the Bigbee region the prospect is leos gloom}'. In the neighborhood of Colum 'ons. Miss., they had fine rains week belbre last. mijrouidc anh Sentinel. AUGUST tro t. THURSDAY MORNING. SEPT 11. FOil GOVERNOR; GEORGE W. CRAWFORD. Whig Nominations for the Senate- Bryan and Liberty counties-Charlton Hines. Mclntosh and Glynn H. Giqnilliatt. Camden and Wayne Joseph Hull, Sen. Ware and Lowndes Levi J. Knight. Montgomery and Appling-- Jacob Moody. Bulloch and Tatnall Benja’n Brewton. Scriven and Effingham W. McGahagan. Burke and Emanuel Jas. M. Reynolds. Wilkinson and Laurens Wesley King. Thomas and Decatur R. Mitchill. Rand >lph and Stewart W r . Boynton. Lee and Sumter Wm. H. Crawford. Muscogee and Harris J. S. Calhoun. Houston and Macon John Bryan. Talbot and Marion Dr. H. P. Smead. Washington and Jefferson•• David Curry. Richmond and Columbia-- Andrew J. Miller. Taliaferro and Warren John H rris. Baldwin and Hancock A. H. Kenan Jones and Putnam R. V. Hardeman. Monroe and Pike C. McDowell. Crawford and Upson William Vl. Brown. Coweta and Meriwe'her-• •• J. E. Robinson. Troup and Heard Dr. R. A T Ridley, Henry and Fayette W t m. Moseley. Newton and Walton P. G. Morrow. Morgan and Greene Thomas Stocks, Li coin and Wiikes Dr.W.Q, 'nderson. Egbert and Franklin S. W. Allen. Oglethorpe and Madison- • ■ - James Long. Clarke and Jackson Middleton Witt. DeKalb and Gwinnett William Nesbit. Cass and Pau'ding John J. Word. Cobb and Cherokee James Branon. Floyd and Chattooga William Smith. Our Mammoth Weekly. Incur weekly paper of this morning will be found a continuation, embracing nine or ten columns, of the synopsis of Captain Fremont’s able, instructive and deeply interesting report ot his expeditions to the Rocky Mountains and the Far West—the foreign news per the Gale donia, together with the political and general news ol the week, and a variety of miscellany, &c. Single copies lor sale at the office. Completion of the Georgia Rail Road. It is a source ofunfeigned pleasure to us to announce that a train of passenger cars departs this morning lor Atlanta, the terminus of the Georgia Railroad. We congratulate the stock holders, and all parties interested, upon this important result, achieved through numerous dfficnlties and under circumstances, at times, during its progress, peculiarly trying. But they have triumphed over every obstacle, and now we trust will begin to reap the reward of their labors, and their capital, which has been so liberally and freely expended. Where all have manifested so much ener gy and indomitable perseverance in the attain ment of a great work, it might be invidious to distinguish, yet we cannot omit the opportunity to do simple and even handed just ice to the Pre sident, John P. King, and the able and efficient corps of Engineer’s, whose energies have known no flagging during the progress of the work. We have now a Railroad, not inferior to any in the Southern States, exrending 172 miles into the interior of the State, which will in a few months be extended eighty miles farther to the Oostenaula river, making an en tire line of two hundred and fifty-two miles of 'he great line of Railroad which is designed to connect the Atlantic coast with the lertile val ley ol the Mississippi. As tve have much more to say in reference to the extension of this g'and work, we defer tor the present any farther remarks. Mr. McAllister in the Up-country.— But a year ago the democracy were quile shock ed that Mr Clay, then not a candidate, in pass ing from one section of the Union to another, should stop in the principal cities to receive the cordial greetings of theircitizens. How changed that tone now! Not a word escapes their lips about an “ itinerant candidate /” Mr. Clay did not go from village to village, hunting oui and seeking for public gatherings! visiting low grogshops!! treating and calling on those around HIM to drink !!! Yet he was traduced by the democracy, and the vials of the wrath of their organs emptied on his devoted head, for even venturing to stop anywhere on his route to receive the greeting of a friend and acquain tance. Where now sleeps so quietly this high' ly wrought indignation of a people who mourn ed so lugubriously over the political morals of the age? Have they no mutterings to send forth against their candidate for Governor, whose movements are thus chronicled in the last Rome “Journal “Mathew H. McAllister, Esq., arrived in this place, in company with Mr. Bullock, on the evening of the s'h, and left next morning’ for Hardin’s Mills, there being at that place re gimental muster, and a large number of the citizens of the county will be gathered together. Mr. McAllister’s appearance indicates a state of excellent health, and we are glad to perceive that travel and good water, have operated so beneficially unon him. We hope he runs no risk at Hardin’s Mills. Mr. Bullock, however, (the same we believe who was so indignant at Mr. Clay’s visit to Georgia, just prior to the Presidential election) is his adviser, and will doubtless be prudent with him. We under stand that he has lost his taste for good liquors, and can go the whiskey, corn, shucks and all’ which is very fortunate, considering the neigh borhood to which he has gone.” People of Georgia, yon who desire to see those who aspire to the most elevated posi tions within your gift, demeaning themselves with a dignity and self respect befitting theirsta lions, look upon this picture. We address all classes and parties, and we invite your consi deration ol it, however revolting the subject U •very right-minded, patriotic voter among you. Comment would indeed be superfluous upon 'he conduct of one, who thus seeks to obtain 'he first office in the State; for if your own self respect does not suggest the proper course for you to pursue, no arguments or reasonings of ours could influence you to occupy that elevated position which your duty as freemen requires at your hands. No man can degrade yon, un less you are the willing instrument ol his dema gngueisrn; in that event, it is but a step from the pan to the sewer, and it is your duty, as you would preserve your own self-respect, and com mand the admiration ol the world, to spurn him who thus seeks to cover you with indignity. What are the Issues?—Who spent the i Money? Perhaps there is nothing which tells more | strongly against our political opponents, than | their urgency to draw off the mind of the people ; from attention to their own home and Stale at- j ! fairs, and to engross it with Federal party poli- j tics. It is not simply (says the Southern Re corder} that they seem to fear a close and strict scrutiny of the affairs of onr own State, but the press of our opponents would almost impress one, by its violence against those who will not follow it in : o the field of Federal party politics, I with the belief that it was unbecoming and un- | patriotic—nav, almost criminal, for the people, : in a, State election, to turn aside, for the moment, j from general politics to the con-{deration of: their more immediate home concerns and inter- j ests. Without now particularly assigning the rea- | sons for this great anxiety of the opposition | press to draw off the public mind from that j which so seriously concerns it, (as we believe j this has already been done sufficiently well) we would appeal, once for all, to our fellow-citizens of Georgia, and respectfully and earnestly' in quire of them, whether they do not think they have long enough neglected their own interests, the well being of their own Slate, and the wel fare of themselves, their children, and their children’s children, in wasting their energies upon federal party politics, and upon questions 1 most generally got up, not k o much for the sup posed welfare of the country as for the promo tion and political aggrandizement of individuals. Had the attention and interest of our people been heretofore concentrated on the welfare ot our own State, what a country' might she not have been now! Opulent, beymnd any of her sisters, in lands and other wealth, with a mos 1 genial climate, a lertile soil, and with a popula tion abounding in all the qualities necessary for greatness —energy, intelligence, and a love of order, what might we not have been as a people, if instead of the waste of the public energies on the political hobbies of the hour, the offspring fur the most part ot mere selfish aspirations for office and preferment on the part of demagogues, the people had bent their powers and concentra ted them on their own home affairs, the special interests of their own State, the country with whose dust is mingled the dust of their fathers, and in whose bosom they hope themselves at last to repose! Where now is all our w'ealth ? What remains to Georgia of her magnificent public domain? What of all her treasure? Has she retained enough to free our people from taxation? Enough to make our market roads and rivers convenient to the people? Enough to educate every son and daughter of the republic, and to destroy by this means, essentially and forever, all invidious and aristocratic distinctions among ourpeople? Has she retained enough, as she might easily have done, to place her people even beyond the reach of misfortune, and to give as surance to the stricken children of undeserved poverty, to the forlorn ones of orphanage, that their own Georgia would be to them instead of father and mother, and from her ample stores, supply their wants, and rear them up (or her de fence and glory, and for their own well being? All this, ay, and far beyond all this, might she have done; for her revolutionary patrimony was ample for this, and far more than this. But has she d -ne it? Who hut must feel his cheeks to tingle as lie answers the question ? And what is the answer? What of all the ample resour ces of Georgia remains ? A debt of nearly two millions of dollars, the interest to be paid by taxes now, and the principal in a few years to be paid by taxes on ourselves and on our child ren !! Tell it not in Gath ! publish it not in the streets ol Askelon ! At the door of demagogue politicians, do we chiefly lay the odium of all this havoc of the in terests of our State and people- this Vanda! de struction of the sources of what might have been our own prosperity and greatness. The effort to turn the attention of our people to these inter ests, their own and their children’s welfare, and to rescue the public energies from the grasp of political aspirants, who have used them, hereto lore, and desire still only to use them, for their • wn selfish aggrandizement, receives but scanty courtesy at the hands of some portion at least of the press opposed to us. Our efforts in this be- < halt have been as vinegar, in the months of at ■ least some ol our opponents; and they have made wry fices and spit accordingly. We trust , they will have good reason for yet sourer faces, by witnessing the utter rout of humbnggery in , Georgia, from this time forth and forever. The ( people have suffered already enough, in all con- , science, in all that concerns their social pros- , perity and happiness, hv the prevalence ot hum- | bug politics. They have been faithfully and . truthfully informed of the condition to which themselves and their State has been brought bv . j such false and ruinous devices, and wc believe ( that they will sternly and significantly rebuke the past, which has so grievously injured 'heir f prospects and their hopes, hv adopting the line of conduct so essential for their future hopes— that of chieflv attending to their own home gov ernment, although so virulently assailed by the old and selfish humbug dealers. ~ ~ d What amount has the Democratic party spent p of the people’s money since they have had the l control of the State government? Answer, 11 Capital of Central Rank $4 991,708 93 S'atedebt,rep. Finance Committee.l,(s33,2lo 73 ( Deficit nfCentral Bank, accord-) a ing to late examination. \ 350 000 00 } $6 274 919 06 f ‘ Grand total ol the people’s money spent by the j Democratic party, when in power, (except one y year,) about six millions of dollars!! u Summary of the “ F'iscaW //” of the Democratic party for the time they emit rolled the affairs of the State.— Spent all they had, besides leaving one (• hundred and twenty thousand dollars a year as n taxes to be paid, simply tor the interest of the debt they leave on the State ; and which debt has ! ultimately to bo paid in lull by the taxes ol the people, amounting to a little under two millions • of dollars! What signifies a State debt ol two millions, and yearly taxes to pay its interest of one hun dred and twenty thousand dollars?—whalsigni j lies all this to the people of Georgia, provided j they will only listen to the democracy twattle i about the miseries of a tariff, which, with a ma- ! joritv of sixty members, they will not repeal nor ! ! modify, in their own } fouseof Representatives!! j - ‘ ! The Difference between Democratic and ; Whig Expenditures. Penitentiary. Spent annually by the Democrats. .$lB G 25 00 Saved annually bv Gov. Crawford.. 25,365 52 Prin'ing Fund. Spent annually by the Democrats... 17 215 90 do do by Gov. Crawford... 9.25 G 57 Contingent Fund. | Spent annually by the Democrats. .$25 638 | do do by Gov. Crawford... 9,180 | Military Fund. ; Spent annually by the Democrats.. .$2,682 58 do do by Gov. Crawlord... 1,980 54 Legislature. | Spent annually by the Democrats. .$93 347 97 do do by the Whigs 76 978 8G j Showing a saving to the State, in one year, of | the sum of sixty-six thousand eight hundred, and forty-eight dollars and seventeen cents!! Crops tn Southwestern Georgia. —From this, decidedly the most productive cotton-grow ing section ot the State, says the Southern Re corder of the 9th inst., we have renewed account of the most discouraging kind, relative to the effect of the drought upon the growing crop of i cotton—of all other crops best calculated to withstand it. A friend from Baker, whose judgment we consider altogether reliable, in forms ns that the crop cannot, under the best stale of weather vet to occur, exceed one-half a full crop—that fields who e first picking last year amounted to 200 and 250 lbs. per acre, do not now', at the first picking, yield over 100 lbs. This he thinks the general falling off through the whole of that productive region. Land Granting.—The Geoigia Journal of the 9th inst. says:—The last week at the Capi tol has been one of great excitement. To the astonishment ot our citizens at least four orfiv hundred persons, from everv section ot the State, on Tuesday last, presented themselves to apply for reverted lands. About four thousand appli cations were made, and it took the Treasurer, with the assistance of four clerks, near two days to receive the money and the applications When this was over, the lists lor the drawing had to he made, and upon them ten clerks im mediately went to work, and by working nigh and day finished them, so that the Lottery com menced on Friday afternoon, wasconfinued tin til near midnight on Saturday night; and u closed on yesterday about 12 o’clock, M. Ne ver before, in the same length ot time, wa !her° so large an amount of business disposed of in the State House. The grants are now passing with great rapidity, and will all, in ten or twelve days, he recorded and ready tor de livery to the fortunate drawers or their agents. Highly Important Disc -very.—The Cin cinnatti Commercial says:—A discovery of vast importance has been made by a mechanic in this city—it is a new kind ot cannon ball, the destructiveness of which cannot be questioned W hen it was shown to the Commandant at New port Barracks, that gentleman immediately ad vised the in venter to lav his invention -which has cost him five years labour, before the Presi dent of the United States and the Cabinet, and before any stir was made, proceed to Europe and secure the patent there. The inventor, we are told, sailed in the las* steamer. We have , the full particulars of this discovery and do as sert with perfect confidence that one war vessel ■ loaded with these balls, and two or three cannon to fire them, could sink a British fleet often sail in as many minutes! It is terrific to think ol 1 The Paixhan guns are nothing by the sideof this invention. ( ’ , Harvard College.—The recent commence- i ment Exercises at this venerable institution’ ' says the N. Y. Express, “were of a peculiarly , pleasant character. The Phi Beta Kappa Alpha f had a merry dinner, over which Judge Warren, ' of Boston, presided. John duincy Adams was '' present, and it was the sixtieth anniversary v since he joined the societv. Near him was W. r I C Rives, of Virginia. The Regent of the University of Virginia, the President ot the c College of South Carolina, and distinguished t gentlemen from North Carolina, Georgia, and Ohio were present, who. with their States, were (- duly honored, and who replied in the most ad- l mirable manner. Mr. Gales, the senior edi or a of the Intelligencer, was also present, and re ceived the well deserved compliments of the as- § semblage, through the Hon. Robert C. Win- n throp, of Boston. The oration was delivered a ' by Rev, Andrew Peabody, a Unitarian, of Portsmouth, New Hampshire. His aim, in 'I the oration, was to prove that a spiritual mind is necessary to discovery in science. Rev. Charles T. Brooks, ot Newport, delivered a dt graceful poem. te A correspondent of the New York Coramer- V cial gives the following interesting facts con- i( nected with the graduates at Harvard: N “ The first class was graduated in 1642, two hundred and three years ago. The whole number of graduates is five thousand nine hun dred and forty-two, of whom three thousand f T eight hundred and ninety-seven are dead, an i M two thousand and forty-five are living. The n1 number who have died since the last triennial catalogue is one hundred and thirty. The jh oiliest graduate is Dr. Ezra Green, of Dover, r, (N. LI.) of the class of 1705, a soldier ol the j\ armvofthe Revolution, a surgeon on board the st Ranger of IS guns, common cd by John Pan! w T mi’s. 1 retain a vivid recollection of his tall, |j erect, military form, as he was, a few years j n since, dressed in the costume of times gone by. ;11 In a few months he will attain his hundreth , TI year. Ci “ In 1783 Hon Harrison Grey Otis was grad uated, and was a classmate of Hon. Ambrose 'hi Spencer. Judge of the Supreme Court of the State of New York. In 1787. four years af'er, Hon. John duincy Adams, with whom Judge CJrane, of Washington, was a classmate. The an lext year we meet the name of the venerable m . Benjamin Abbott, L.L. D., who fifty years over the Phillips Academy ai Ex'* ‘ New Hampshire, and had the unexampled • memorable felicity of beholding at on e ‘ an ,. a P l1 same time one of the boys whom he had tr n , in their youth Secretary of State of the Slates, one Minister to England, and one ter to France; and to feel, as ail men 7eh "h’’’ we never hadatonce in those high placesolh ' ' at three men more worthy thar Daniel Wel°* lor Edward Everett, and Lewis Cass. j n i~Z Hon Sam uel Crafts, Governor and" Senator Verm-mt, was graduated; and the same ■■ 01 ! Hon. Josiah duincy, who, on this commem^* : ment-dav, lays aside with honor his pre-i, I robes. With him 1 close thi< list of " Ual j file yet living objects of the University.” ‘ From the N. O Picayune , 4 >h my Later from Texas* ; The steamer Creole arrived at Mobile n morning of the 3d inst from Aransa* Pai \v received by her our own c< rresp,indent m Corpus Christi, and are indebted to some in" tlemen who came passengers unon h™ / " verbal items of information. l ' p0 “ hrr lor The dales f rom Corpus Christi are , . i evening of the 3M 01.., and Uou aZS | fTvi' Mle I ° , G Win -| (la . y ’ When !he Creole left Ju, Mohtle. G-n laylor still remained in S camp, awaiting funner developetnenis 0 ,h I designs of the Mexicans, and orders from i own Government. The 2d Regiment m n« goon-, under Col. Twiggs, arrived at r„7 Cbri«l.«,b.S6.h .1,. • Ail and spirits. Every thing about the camp wa perfectly quiet. " vvas At about the same time as the Dragoons three compan.es of Mexican traders arrSi Gen. lavlni scamp with a goodly number of X? te n ,h wMch ' ittJe re,Kince 2 ptaced. One of these reports was that a regi m-n L of Mexican troops, about 700 strung £r t Tampico six weeks previous tor Matau.oro* but their numbers had been reduced to 300 bv sickness and desertion m the march, induced by toe want of food and water. At almost ever! military post in the Northeastern part ol Mexi co desertions were extretneiv frequent Arista '■ad been seriously ill at Matamorm, but had so far recovered as to resume the duties of his command. Gen. Paredes was reported to be still at Monterey, bm with less than 1500 troop, who were continually deserting. The reader must receive these reports strictly as reports- Mexican news, received through Mexican tra ders, is proverbially uncertain. The Creole left, outside the bar at Aransas the U. S. brig Lawrence ;—all well on board She also left, at anchor inside the bar, the schi o ners Mary Wilkes, Enterprise, and E L. Lain tin. On'the 2d inst., at 3 o’clock, P. M., site met the steam propeller Augusta bound,as was supposed, for Aransas, loaded with horses, The Creole made the passage from Aransas Bay to the S. W. Pass in 47 hours. We add a letter from a triend at Corpus Christi, which will give our readers a pretty distinct idea of Gen, Taylor's camp, the occu nation of the troops, and the character and dis position of the officers under his command. Corpus Christi, August 30,1845, The position taken by Gen. Taylor is one of extreme beauty; and when the eye first rests upon his Camp, clustered with a thousaud spotless white tents, alang the shelly margin of ’he shore of Corpus Christi Bay, irresistible burls of admiration follow! It is a position of security as well as beauty. His tents are pitched on a piece of table land that reaches about a quarter of a mile to a range of hills; at a distance of hall a mile from the crest ot these, he has stationed, as an out-guard, a force of one hundred and twemy hardy and well tried Texans, to whose fidelity is intrusted • his otherwise assailable point. Maj. Gaily, commanding the volunteers from New Orleans, is entrusted with guarding the extreme iett, whilst ll e extreme right is safelv guarded by Colonel Twiggs, commanding the2<l Dragoons. The centre is composed of the 3d, 4th and 7ih Regiments of Infantry. The Commanding General has thrown up a field work, a wall of shells and sand, six feet hick and three hundred yards in length on his r ight. In case of an overpowering attack from this quarter, the troops stationed outside of this wall are to retreat behind it. The whole length f the line along the shore occupied, appears to he about one mite and a bait'- ll is probably one of the healthiest and plea santest snots in the world. From the earliest lawn refreshing breez s invigorate the body, tissipate the intensity nt the heat, and nerve the -vstem to a healthful action. The cool nights Ttvites wearness to repose, disturbed neither • v the promenading flea, nor the buzzing mus quito. The only drawback to continuing this en ■ampraent is the scarcity of wood and water— 'he former, the troops haul about three miles, he latter is quite brackish —though I believe here is one or two small wells in camp which supply a very fair beverage. The officers appeartn enjoy themselves ama zingly—considering they were supposed to be all cut up! They purchase Mexican ponies at ■mm $lO to S3O, and excellent nags they are to ride, too. The wafers abound with fi-h and oysters, both of a superior kind, and the prairies adjacent with rich flavored vension. Large and fat beeves are slaughtered daily tor the use of the troops, all of which, with the liberal sup plies of Uncle Sam, these occupiers of an inde pendent nation’s soil can get along mighty welt with. There is a rumor in camp, to which the ut most credit is given, that fifteen hundred Mexi cans have recently marched to Matamoros lor its additional sec urity. This is all ihe news about the movements of the enemy known here. It is supposed Gen. Taylor will act in this way. viz: Wait for two months in his present position, to know what the Mexicans will do. If they do nothing, our government will send a Commissioner to Mexico to laydown the boun dary of the two com tries. If Mexico refuses to receive the Commissioner, and blindly turns away from a peaceable settlement, then our forces will immediately occupy the mouth and borders ofthe Rio Grand, and establish that as the boundary, whether or no. The army is now ready for action. It is well appointed in every respect—l9oo strong—every man n’ ' fr > do duty, and every heart a tower o. strength ! Under the broad folds of the Stats and Strips, that loveliest of flags, this little army will become Hotspurs all. They are prepared and eager for the fray. I send you this by the Creole. Light blow he winds, smooth be the seas, on her home ward track. Adieu. The following, which we find in the Alexan dria Gazette, is thought, says the National In elligencer, to be the best joke of the season We hope that its wit will excuse the irre'. e ence of copying if: The newspapers will have their jokes, rite V Y Commercial says that “ Oen. Gaines is egarded in a military point of view much as Mr. Ritchie is in an editorial. I hey are I ■nergetic voun fellows of seventy, with nmr .ravmv than discretion, more zeal than juag nent!” Fracas in Court.—A fracas took place m he Circuit Court room, at Hudson between ■ ■ Jordan, and John Van Bnren, Esqs., & \ttorney, while conducting a cause. ’-J trong language ensued between fbe p r ’ rhen Mr'Jordan called Mr. Van Boren J iar,” upon which the latter struck the torn a the face Three or four rounds occur , nd the affair was put an end to bv • ,Ullpe f o{ Kinds committing both parties for contemp hum. for twenty-four hours. The_p« r ‘j fished to be released on payment of a ; ie Court refused the application. — N. Y rj* Joseph S. n inter & Co.’s nd Collection Office, Montgomery, AD ia mh!3 lyw