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About Tri-weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1838-1877 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 20, 1845)
CHRONICLE &SEN TIN EL* PUBLISHED DAILY. TRI-WEEKLY AND WEEKLY. TERMS. DAILY PAPER— Ten Dollars per annnm, payable in advance. TRIWEEKLY PAPER— Five Dollars per annum, in advance. WEEKLY PAPER—(A mammoth sheet) Three Dollars per -mnum, in advance; two copies one year or one copy two years for $5 ; 10 copies one year for Twenty Dollars. Cash System.—ln no case will an order for the pa per be attended to, unless accompanied with the mo ney ; and in every instance when the time for which any subscription may be paid, expires before the receipt of funds to renew the same, the paper will be disconti nued. Depreciated funds received at value in thiscity. RATES OF ADVERTISING.—In Daily Paper, Fif ty cents per square (twelve lines or less) for the first in sertion, and Thirty eight cents for each continuance. r Advertisements ordered in semi or tn-weekly, will be charged Fifty cents for each insertion ; once a week in daily, Seventy-five cents. Monthly or semi-monthly in sertions, One Dollar each per square in both papers. In Weekly Paper— Seventy-five cents per square for the first, and Fifty cents fer each subsequent insertion. The charge for announcing candidates for Of fice iss3. to be paid invariably in advance. Longer advertisements charged in proportion. New advertisements appear in Daily and Tri-Weekly. CAPTAIN FREMONT’S REPORT. S SECOND EXPEDITION-Concluded. After an interesting visit to the “New and Old Parks,” which are described as being fer tile and well wooded and watered valleys, and “a paradise to all grazing animals,” the party arrived on the 22d June at the summit of the di viding ridge , to which Capt. F. gives an estima ted height of 11,200 feet. “ On the 22d we were met by a party of Utah women, who told us that on the other side of the ridge their village was fighting with the Arapa hoes. As soon as they had given us the infor mation, they filled the air with cries and lamen tations, which made us understand that some of their chiefs had been killed. “Extending along the river directly ahead of us was a low piney ridge, leaving between it and the stream a small open bottom on which the Utabs had very injudiciously placed their village, which, according to the women, num bered about 300 warriors. Advancing in the cover of the pines, the Arapahoes, about day light, charged into the village, driving off a great number of their horses and killing four men ; among them the principal chief of the village. They drove the horses perhaps a mile beyond the village to the end ol a hollow, where they had previously sorted at the edge of the pines. Here the Utahs had instantly attacked them in turn, and, according to the report of the women, were rather getting the best of the day. The women pressed us eagerly to join with their people, and would immediately have provided us with the best hoises at the village; hut it was not for us to interfere in such a conflict.— Neither party were our friends nor under our protection; and each was ready to prey upon us that could. But we could not help feeling an unusual excitement at being within a few hundred yards of a fight, in which 500 men were closely engaged and hearing the sharp crack of their rifles. We were in a bad posi tion, and subject to be attacked in it. Either party which we might meet, victorious or de feated, was certain to fall upon us; and, gear ing up immediately, we kept close along the pines of the ridge, having it between us and the village, which was immediately below us, horsemen were galloping to and fro, and groups of people were gathered around those who were wounded and dead, and who were being brought in from the field. We continued to press on, and crossing another fork which came in from the right, after having made fifteen miles from the village, fortified ourselves strong ly in the pines a short distance from the river?” The party arrived at Bent’s Fort on the Ist of July, where they were received— “ With a cordial and friendly hospitality, in the enjoyment of which we spent several agreea . bledays. We were now in the region where our mountaineers were accustomed to live, and all the dangers and difficulties of the road being considered past, four of them, including Carson and Walker, remained at the Fort.” The expedition reached the little town of Kansas on the hanks of the Missouri river on the 31st of July, having made a journey of 3.702 miles from the Dalles of the Columbia, and of 2,560 from Capt. Sutler’s settlement at New Helvetia. “During our protracted absence of fourteen months, in the course of which we had necessa rily been exposed to great varieties of weather and climate, no one case of sickness had ever occurred among us. “Here ended our land journey; and the day following our arrival, we found ourselves on board a steamboat rapidly gliding down the broad Missouri, Our travel-worn animals had not been sold and dispersed over the country to renewed labor, but were placed at good pastu rage on the frontier, and are now ready to do their part in the coming expedition.” The narrative concludes with the arrival at St. Louis on the 6th of August, where the party disbanded. “Andreas Fuentes also remained here, hav ing readily found employment for the winter, and is one of the men engaged to accompany me the present year. “Pablo Hernandez remains in the family of Senator Benton, where he is well taken care of, and conciliates good will by his docility, intel ligence, and amiability. General Almonte, the Mexican Minister at Mfashington, to whom he was of course made known, kindly offered to take charge of him, and to carry him back to Mexico; but the boy preferred to remain where he was until he got an education, for which he shows equal ardor and aptitude. “ Our Chinook Indian had his wish to see the whites fully gratified, He accompanied me to Washington, and, after remaining several months at the Columbia college, was sent by the Indian department to Philadelphia, where among other things, he learned to read and write well, and speak the English language with some fluency. “ He will accompany me in a few days to the frontier of Missouri, whence he will be sent with some one of the emigrant companies to the vil lage at the Dalles of Columbia.” We have thus endeavored to furnish our rea ders with such an analysis of Capt. Fremont’s two expeditions as may, with the copious ex tracts which we have made from the narrative, enaole them not only to trace his adventurous course, but also to estimate what he has accom plished. and the great value of the information which he has collected, in a geographical, a commercial, and a scientific point of view. We will not attempt a recapitulation; lor where so much has been done,{and so well done, it would be only to repeat, in another form, the substance of all which we have already said In geographical discovery Captain Fremont has’ done much: he has shown that the transit across the Rocky Mountains, particularly at the Southern Pass, is comparatively easy; that the proportion of absolutely barren country is small; that, from within one hundred and fitly miles of the Missouri frontier to the longitude of Fort Laramie, (105° 40',) there is in general great plenty of the short curley grass called buffalo grass. Westward of Laramie, for a considera ble distance, the region is sandy and apparently •terile, and the place of the grass is usurped by Wertieia > ether lesaliUee, where there is m de- ficiency of pasturage, are found on both sides of the mountains. These expeditions, however, will furnish to trading caravans, or to emigra ting parties, a knowledge of the most practica ble routes, where they may most generally find sustenance for their animals and water and fuel lor themselves. The road to Oregon will be made comparatively easy: and although the emigrant who contemplates taking up his line of march to that distant region ought to be ap prized of and guarded against the dangers, the difficulties, and the privations he will have to en counter, yet he may be cheered by the certainly that he will meet with nothing but what fore sight and prudence may in great measure pro tect him from, and courage, firmness, and perse verance overcome. He will be called upon to exercise all these qualities; and the most dan gerous error into which he can fall is to ima gine that the journey is an easy one, and the toil and suffering which he will have to undergo tri fling and unimportant. The Great Salt Lake, the Bear River Valley, and the rivers, the valleys, and the mountains of Upper California may be said to be now first brought to the knowledge of civilized man by these expeditions. The correction of our for mer geographical errors whith respect to the river Buenaventura we owe to Captain F.; the existence of a great central point or basin in California is established by him, as is also the important fact (hat there is no river of any na vigable size which has its outlet directly into the Pacific, and communicates with the western slope of our continent, except the Columbia, be tween fifty degrees of north latitude and the Gulfol California. In a military point of view these expeditions point out where torts and posts may be most advantageously established, with a view to the safe ocupancy of the country and the protection of the inhabitants and the trader from Indian outrage, or from aggressions or interferences of any kind. This, we believe, was the professedly authorized object of Capt. Fremont’s expeditions; but his ardent and ac tive temperament, and his love of science and knowledge, con'd not rest satisfied with a bare performance of prescribed duties. He has sub mitted to his countrymen and the world, in his unpretending and modest narrative, a vast bo dy of botanical, geological, and meteorological information. The soil and the mineral waters have been subjected to analysis. More than four hundred and thirty astronomical observa tions are recorded, the latitude and longitude of important points accurately determined, and the elevation of mountains ascertained. The sur vey of Captain Fremont from the eastward meets that of Captain Wilkes from the west ward, and, so far as is requisite for all imme diate practical purposes, the map of Oregon is complete. The appendix to Captain Fremont’s narrative contains Dr. James Hall’s (of New York) report upon the nature of the geological formations occupying the portions of Oregon and California traversed by Captain Fremont, as deduced from his observations, and the spe cimens of minerals and vegetables, and animal organic remains which he collected. Professor Torrey makes the following state ment with respect to the botanical collection of the expedition: “When Captain Fremont set out on his se cond expedition he was well provided with pa per and other means lor making extensive bo tanical collections; and it was understood that, on his return, we should conjointly prepare a full account of his plants, to be appended to his report. About fourteen hundred species were collected, many of them in regions not before explored by any botanist. In consequence, however, of the great length of the journey, and the numerous accidents to which the party were exposed, but especially owing to the dreadful flood of the Kansas, which deluged the borders of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers, more than half of his specimens were ruined be fore he reached the borders of civilization. Even the portion saved was greatly damaged, so that, in many instances, it has been extreme ly difficult to determine the plants. As there was not sufficient time before the publication of Captain Fremont’s report for the proper study of the remains of his collection, it has been deemed advisable to reserve the greater part of them to incorporate with the plants which we expect he will bring with him on returningfrom his third expedition, upon which he has just set out. “The loss sustained bv Captain Fremont, and 1 may say by the botanical world, will, we trust, be partly made up the present and next seasons, as much of the same country will be passed over again, and some new regions ex plored. Arrangements have also been made by which the botanical collections will be pre served, at least from the destructive effects of water, and a person accompanies the expe dition who is to make drawings ol all the most interesting plants. Particular attention will be given to the lorest trees and the vegetable productions that are useful in the ails or that are employed for lood or medicine.” Professor Torrey furnishes in the appendix descriptions ol about thirty new genera and species of plants collected by Captain Fremont. The objects of Captain Fremont’s third ex ploratory tour are, we believe, correctly detailed in the following paragraphs, which we extract from a late number of the Western (Missouri) Expositor: “The expedition to the Rocky Mountains, under command of Captain J. (J. Fremont, of the U. S. Army, being the third exploring tour of that officer, left Westport on the 2Gth June. Captain Fremont is assisted by two junior officers of the Topographical Corps, and employs eighty men. The design of this expedition is to complete the surveys of the plains and moun tains intervening between the western boundaiy of the Pacific, heretofore partially accomplished by the exploring squadron and the two former expeditions of Captain Fremont. As far as we can learn, this party will proceed to survey the Arkansas river to its source, alter completing which the party will be divided. One division will then return byway ol the head of the Rio del None, through the country of the Camanche Indians, on the sources of the Red river, and by the low waters of the Arkansas. The main division, under Captain Fremont, will cross the Colorado, complete the survey of the Great Salt Lake, and penetrate by the waters of Mary’s river, which flows weslwardly *<ough Upper California, in the vicinity of the , “ degree parallel of latitude, and is lost in a lake at the eastern base of the California Moun- ST. 11 , is believed that from a point on some (Ja y s ’ journey from its mouth, the head ol the Sacramento may be reached m two days’ travel. The route then by which Captain Fremont proposes to penetrate to the Pacific is ,ie shortest and most directfrom the lower Missouri: of this the portion from the Arkansas to the head of the Sacramentos. about six hundred and fifty miles in distance is as yet unexplored by the white man, and generally designated as “the Great California Desert” None of its waters except the Colorado reach the ocean; they are absorbed or disappear bv evaporation, J “ After passing the winter among the settle ««» of Upper California, the exploring party will, if the country be found practicable, pass round by the lower route from California, cross ing the Colorado below the great ‘Kennion,’ and return to the Arkansas by the waters of the Gila and Juan, large tributaries of the lower Colorado, which have their sources west of the mountains of New Mexico. This sketch con templates a route of five or six thousand miles. It will probably eventuate in the discovery of a new and straight road to both Oregon and Cali fornia, passing for the most part through our own territory, diminishing the distance some three or four hundred miles, and the time two months. The country to the right and left will be examined, and its geography, at present a blank, somewhat understood. The importance of these contemplated explorations is very great —every confidence is reposed in the energy and ability of the commanding officer.” We cannot lake leave of this most interesting and valuable document without expressing the j great pleasure and instruction which its perusal | has afforded us, and the conviction, which every additional page increased, that the important objects of the expeditions could not have been entrusted to better hands. The journals of the three expeditions will, together, furnish one of the most important productions of the age, and constitute a most suitable and valuable present to science and literature, made by our young and vigorous country, through the hands of one of her most amiable, talented, and enterprising sons. €l)ronidc nnh Sentinel. AUGUSTA , GA . SATURDAY MORNING, SEPT. 20. WHIG NOMINATIONS. FOR GOVERNOR: GEORGE W. CRAWFORD. FOR SENATOR: ANDREW J . MILLER. FOR REPRESENTATIVES FROM RICHMOND CO: CHARLES J. JENKINS. WILLIAM J. RHODES. FOR REPRESENTATIVES FROM COLUMBIA CO.; C . H. SHOCKLEY. JAMES FLEMING. mail of Tuesday morning from New York, due last evening, failed. We have, how ever, accounts up to Monday afternoon, which will be found in our columns. The mail from Baltimore was regularly through. The Late Judge Story—Mr. Webster. Ai a meeting of the bar of Boston,called to do honor to the Judge Story, Chief Justice Lemuel Shaw of the Supreme Court presided, who announced in a brief and feeling address, the cause of the assemblage. Mr. Webster in troduced a series of resolutions, which he pre faced in substance with the following chaste and eloquent eulogium upon the distinguished dead. The Boston Post, in alluding to this impres. sive and touching tribute of the distinguished Orator, says: “he spoke of the character, ability and services of the deceased, in a strain of im pressive and unqualified eulogy, for the space of halt an hour. But much of what he said was not generally heard, for he was so deeply affected by the solemn event of which he had been called to speak, that his utterance was re peatedly impeded by his emotions, and occasion ally his profound grief sought relief in tears.” “We have just heard from you, sir, (said Mr. Webster,) a confirmation of the solemn tact, which we had previously heard through other channels of intelligence, and which has drawn together (he whole Suffolk Bar, and all connected with the Courts of this Cointv, to testily their sense of the loss which thev have sustained. It has drawn from his retirement that venerable man (Judge Davis) whom we all respect and honor, who was for thirty years the associate of the deceased upon the Bench. It has called here another Judge, (Judge Putnam,) who has retired from a seat upon that Bench on which you preside, and who was himself once the instructor in the law, of him whose loss we mourn. The members of the school, over which he lately presided, the friends with whom he was associated in public or in private life, have come here to-day. One sentiment only prevails among all, a sense of profound grief. But all of him is not dead. With all our sense of the irreparable loss, we feel that he still lives among us, in his spirit, in his recorded wis dom, and in the decisions of authority which he has pronounced. “ Vivil, envm, vivetque, sem per; alque eham latius in memoria hominum, cl sermone, vcrsabiiur , posfquantab oculis recessit.” “Mr. Chief Justice, —The loss is not felt alone among this bar, or in the courts of this Commonwealth, but is felt in every bar and every court in the Union. It is not confined to this country, nor to this continent. He had a wider range of reputation. In the High Court of Parliament, in every Court in Westminster Hall, in every distinguished judicature in Europe, in the Courts of Paris, of Berlin, of Stockholm, and of St. Petersburg, in the Uni versities of Germany, Italy, and Spain, his au thority was received, and’all, when they hear of his death, will agree, that a great luminary has fallen. He has in some measure repaid the debt which America owes to England, and the mother can receive from the daughter, with out humiliation, and without envy, the reversed hereditary transmission from the child to the parent. By the comprehensiveness of his mind, and by his vast and varied attainments, he was most fitted to compare the codes of different na tions, and comprehend the results of such re search. “His love of country was pure, and he re garded justice as the great interest of man, and the only foundation of civilization. On this foundation he lias built his fame, and united his own name with that of his country. It was to constitutional law that much of his attention was directed, and in the elucidation of which he was pre-eminent. “Ad rempublicunJinnandam, el ad, stabiliendas vires, el sanaudum populum, omnis ejus pcrgebal inslilulio .” “ But it is unnecessary for us this flay to speak in detail of his public or judical services. That duty will remain for us to perform, and it will, no doubt, be executed in a manner worthy of the occasion. Still, in the homage that will be paid to him, there is one tribute which may well come from us. We have seen him, and known him in private life. We can bear witness to his strict uprightness and purity ol character; his simplicity and unostentatious habits; the ease and affability of his intercourse; his great vivacity amidst the severest labors; the cheer ing and animating lone of his conversation, and his fidelity to his friends;—and some of us can testify to his large and systematic charities, not dispensed in a public manner, but gladden ing the hearls of those whom he assisted in pri vate, distilling happiness like the dew of heaven. “ His labors were all subservient to his great object, judicature. "Cesl vain que Von cherche a disl nguer en lui le personne privee cl la personne pubhque; un meme esprit les anime, un menu objet, les reunit Vhomme , le pere tie fannlle, le ci loyen, lout etl en Lui consacre a la gloire du Magistral .” “ Mr. Chief Justice, —One may live as a con queror, a king, or a magistrate, but he must die i* ft nun. The bed of death brings svsry man to his pure individuality; to the intense contem plation ol the deepest of all relations, the relation between the creature and his Creator. “ This relation the deceased always acknow • ledged. Ht reverenced the Scriptures of Truth, he received from them this lesson, and sub mitted himself, in all things, to the will of Provi dence. His career on earth was well sustained. To the last hour ol his life his faculties remain ed unimpaired, and the lamp went out at the close, undimned, and without flickering or ob scurity. His last words, which were heard by mortal ears, were a fervent supplication to his Maker, to take him to himself” Mr, Webster then offered a series of eulogis tic resolutions, one of which was, that “ a com mittee of twelve be appointed by the chair to consider and determine the proper tribute of re spect to the deceased, and to make the necessa ry arrangements for carrying the same into ex ecution.” Judge Davis also spoke eloquently and ap propriately. The resolutions were adopted. A resolution was then passed, “that Mr. Webster be requested to pronounce a Discourse on the life and judicial character of the late Mr, Jus tice Story, at such time and place as shall be designated by the Committee of the Bar.” At a meeting of the Trustees of the Cemetery of Mount Auburn, it was voted “that the Trus tees offer to the friends and fellow-citizens of the deceased, a place in the new chapel now in the progress of erection at Mount Auburn, for the reception of a marble statue of the late Jo seph Story, when such a work, worthy of the character of its original, shall have been com pleted through the contributions of the public.” Tennessee. —ln the late election for Govern or, Foster received 51,583 votes and Brown 53,- 447; majority for Brown 1864. At the late Presidential election, Clay received 60,030 and Polk 59,917; majority for Clay 113. The ag gregate number of votes for President was 119,- 947 and for Governor 105,030. a falling oft' in the aggregate vote, since last November, of 14,- 917. Yellow Fever in N. Orleans. —The Pica yune of Sunday morning the 14th says:—After diligent inquiry yesterday evening at the diffe rent hospitals andof quite a number of medical gentlemen of our acquaintance, we could not hear of any case of yellow fever. At a meet ing of the Board of Health on Friday evening, two cases ol mild character were reported, in addition to the three cases first reported. At their last meeting, the board deemed “it proper to slate that the disease cannot at present be con sidered malignant or epidemic.” This opinion ol the Board is confirmed by every medical gen tleman with whom we have conversed. Most of them go further, and express their conviction that no case ol yellow fever has yet occurred, and that the health of New Orleans was never better. Latest from Tobasco. —The brig Joseph Atkins, Capt. Higgins, arrived at New York on Sunday, bringing news from Tobasco to the 20th ult. Ten days previous (says the N. Y. Tribune) a revolution broke out in Tobasco, ihe people having declared themselves indepen dent of Mexico. There was a force daily ex pected from Vera Cruz to attack the leader of the people of Tobasco—Don Miguel Bruno. All commercial intercourse between Tobasco and Vera Cruz had been suspended. The New-York State Comptroller has issued a circular offering to redeem the Slate fives be coming due on the Ist January next, with inte rest from last payment, immediately, He also gives notice that said bonds will cease to draw interest after the Ist of January. Mr. Aldrich of New-York, has invented a '‘submerged wheel,” which has been applied to thenew steamboat Virginia, recently built at New-York and intended to ply between that city and Richmond. In an experimental trip a few days ago this boat made about nine miles per hour with ease. The new principle consists in this:—that the floats are attached to a drum, which revolves within an air-tight chamber, within the apparent sides or walls of the vessel, leavingan even nr smooth surface next to Ihe water. Present to Mr. Clay. —We saw yesterday, says the Baltimore American of the 16th iast., at the residence ofMr. Romulus R. Griffith, in this city, a counterpane made by Mrs. Ann Warner, of Harford county, Md., a lady now in her94th year. It is a beautiful article both as a specimen of fine needle work, and in respect to the taste displayed in the arrangement of the numberless pieces ol which it is composed. In the centre of it is the following inscription : TO THE HONORABLE HENRY CLAY ; THE ORATOR, PATRIOT AND PHILANTHROPIST, In token of admiration of his genius and his virtues, Is presented this piece of needle work, by Mrs. Ann Warner. Executed by her own hand in the 03d year of tier age. Baltimore, 1845. While lingers still mv setting sun. And life’s last sands in silence fall, Ere death’s rude hand the glass shall break, And o’er its ruins spread the pall— -1 lift the voice which ’mid the storm Os war our early patiiot blest. And with its dying accents hail The patriot hero of the West. Oh hallowed be thy matchless worth By a whole nation’s love and prayers; And thy eventful being close Lamented by a nation’s tears. The old lady completed the counterpane in about six weeks, without assistance from any one. The spirit which animated her whilst en gaged in rendering this handsome tribute from age to the great American statesman may he inferred from the inscription. The article will be taken in charge by James H. Meriwether, Esq., of Cincinnati, and be by him despatched to Mr. Clay’s residence. The weather in Canada has been unusually cold and stormy for the season. On (he 4th inst,, during a gale, a large and ancient elm tree, which was standing in 1608, when Ciuebeo was first settled, was broken off near the ground. Fire at South Boston. —The Suffolk white lead manufactory at South Boston, belonging to Messrs. Hensbaw, Ward & Co., took fire yes terday morning about two o’clock, and the ma chinery and wood work were entirely destroyed. The mam building was very large, and of brick. A cooper’s shop connected with the manufacto ry was partly burnt. Loss estimated at $50,000 —530,000 covered by insurance. The factory was situated on Fifth and Golden streets. Six wooden dwelling houses in the immediate vicinity were also destroyed, but were all insured. The furniture of most of the occupants was sftv«d.— Barton Courier, Maine Railroad.— The annual report of the Maine Railroad Company shows that lor the year ending June Ist, 1845, the receipts from passengers were $103,944; freight, $80,092; mai and rents, $7064 —total $351,101. The expendi tures in the same time were 5143,231, including $43,279 lolls paid to Lowell Railroad, $13,261 paid to Portland road, and $5407 taxes in New Hampshire. A net balance of earnings to amour: tot SI 07,870 sufficed to pay two dividends of 3£ each—s93,s2o, and leave $14,350 in hand as reserved profits. The Cotton Crop. —The following cairn and dispassionate view of the cotton crop, says the Mobile Advertiser, is from one of the most intelligent planters of Alabama; and as his means of information are at least equal to liio.se possessed by any other writer on tins subject, we consider his opinions entitled to more than ordinary respect. Marengo, Co., Sept, 8, 1845. Editor of trie Advertiser; —As many partial and exaggerated statements concerning the pre sent crop are making their appearance in the newspapers Irom different sections of the cotton country, from which no definite idea can be ob tained of the probable production, the under signed requests a srnali space in your valuable paper, lor a short but general view of the crop anil the prospects of the planter, predicated in part upon his own observation, and partly on the most reliable statements which have come to his knowledge. It is prejudicial to the inte rests of the cotton grower, that some o! our peo ple should, every year, crowd the newspapers with statements ol drouth, heavy rains, the rust, the worms, or some other calamity, and con clude with declamations that “there will not be half a crop’’—“there cannot be two-thirds ol a crop,” &c. Peisons at a distance, and cotton buyers particularly, have so often seen the falsity of such predictions, that no regard is paid to anything we may say concerning a forth coming crop, believing that all such announce ments in advance are made either through in terested motives or want ol judgment. So that the planter, when there is really a diminished production, would not reap any benefit from an advance in the price, being compelled in most cases to pare with his crop early in the season. Now, there is a certainly that the present crop will fall short of that of the last year, but not in the proportion that most persons affect to belie ve. Let us examinetheaccount. All thestatements from Georgia and the Carolina.? concur in re presenting the crop as not more than one-half ol the last year’s. But this is an unheard of falling off over so large a surface, and for an approximation to correctness we will assume that the deficiency will be one-third—say 200,- 000 bales. In Alabama and Mississippi the crops will not be equal, or will not reach a full average. Having seen the crops in several counties in eastern Mississippi and western and middle Alabama, I am satisfied that the black or lime lands and the creek and river bot tom plantations will yield well, but the light sandy-land crops have suffered very severely from long drouth, until it is now too late to re cover. This class of plantations cannot make more than two-thirds, and in many cases not more than one-half the usual production. A large portion of the middle and eastern counties of Alabama and much of interior and northern Mississippi come under this head; but as the bulk of the crop from these two States does not depend on this quality of soil, it would be lair to assume that the deficiency in these two States cannot be more than one-sixth part—say 150,000 bales. Thus far deduct the above amounts from the last year’s crop of 2,400,000 bales and we shall have 2,050,000 bales. But Louisi ana, Arkansas and Texas will undoubtedly send to market an increase of 100,000 bales, which will give us for the crop of the present year in the United Slates 2,150,000 bales, or 250,000 bales less than the last crop. lam, respectfully, your ob’t serv’t, A. J. K. “ tie has managed financial maltersunder in structions of the two last Legislatures, faithful ly and honestly. Any other honest man of good plain sense would have done the same and with the same results.” This testimony of the editor of the “ Augusta Constitutionalist”conflicts with statements of the editor’s correspondent, “ Piney Woods,” who has endeavored to defame Gov. Crawlbrd, by a perseverance and industry worthy of a bet ter cause. Bui we thank the editor, at any rate, for his fairness, in giving the Governor that credit for having “ faithfully and honestly” per formed his duty, which is so justly his due. — Courant. Correspondence of the Baltimore Patriot. New-York, Monday, P. M. The ship Southport, Griffiths, hence for Charleston with a full cargo of dry goods, gro ceries, &c., went ashore at Barnegat on Srffnr day night, and has 6 feet water in her hold. She is fully insured in this city, and will be a heavy loss to the underwriters. The under writers’ agent, Cant. Sturges, went to the assis tance of the ship, with steam pump, &c., and would probably be able to save most of the car go, which is a valuable one. The S. was bound from New York to Charleston, and is one of Bnlkley’s line of packets. The passengers and crew saved. The Cotton market is quiet to-day, as our merchants are busy with their foreign corres pondence. Genesee Flour is in demand, and the bulk of the sales to-day have been at 54,87 i ; Ohio and Michigan brings $4,75 rn 4,87*. The sales at the Stock Exchange this morn ing were to fair extent, with but little variation from Saturday’s prices—the market is decided ly heavy. Foreign Exchange has been in de mand at 109 J am 110 on London, and 5,23* on Paris. The Frankfort (Ky.) Commonwealth of Tuesday last, says: The Governor of Kentucky has been notified by the Secretary of War, that General Taylor Commandant of the army of occupation in’ Texas, is authorised, in case he should need them, to call on Kentucky lor auxiliary troops for that service to repel the apprehended Mexi can invasion. -The number and description of troops, should they be required, are to be desig nated by General Taylor. Governor Owsley h. s replied to the Secretary of War, assuring him that the citizens of Ken tucky have lost none of that patriotic zeal which has ever distinguished them, and which has al ways led them to be among the foremost in de fending our common country against, foreign aggression. He holds himself in readiness, as he has signified to the Secretary, to comply with all constitutional and legal requisitions of the Federal Government, made by the President or bis authorised agents; and he assures the Gov ernment at Washington, that any requisition upon the militia of Kentucky will be promptly and gallantly responded to by them, Anti-Renters.—Thus. Deray, 2nd, a chief of Dry Brook, Ulster county, was committed on Wednesday evening. When taken, he was armed with a rifle, dirk and pistols. The Grand Jury came into Court this morning, having found sixty-six indictments against as many persons, for various offences committed prior to the murder of Steele. Eleven of these indictments are for robbery in the first degree, appearing disguised and armed, and for riot at Middletown, last February. The remaining fiffy-five indictments are for assembling dis guised and armed, conspiracy and riot, at the Stewart sale last spring in the town of Delhi. Four of the Sheriff’s posse have just returned With three ptistmer*.— Albany Afgui, 18 th mt, Prom the Lexington(Ey.) Observer. Counterfeiting Establishment broke,, ami Counterfeiters Arrested. Ul '' Lexington, (Ky.) Sept. 3 The most extensive counterfeitin'’ csi ,| merit, perhaps, in the United Slates ii 'J been discovered in oui State, within Vi...w' J f ! Ot this place, which has doubles, K' u,les been in existence a great length oftime n upon the farm formerly owned and ocem.L n the father of the present occupants _V y Banion—who was lor years before hi leu 0 ?" 1 exas, suspected ol carrying < n ieit lor ieitingof coin at this ""indeed .{ we remember i.gnUy, he was once or tS arrested many yeais ag (l; unon this charge b being a very astute man with considers hi!’ 1 Petty, he was always enabled to escaneihl Pm ‘ isbment to which he was justly entitled T nally, however, he was compelled m leaved btate, and at the last accounts was m that S, he .0 and relnsee (elons-Texa. and effects he left in the possession of his Z sons one of whom is since dead, where time have been since residing. • It seems that some two months ago a man calling himself G. W. Robinson, was arrested m Columbus, ((.a.) fur passing counteile, pi’“r V ' . , ~h e ! mmey , '’ onsiMe d ot notes cm the Bank of Charleston, and the South Wp«i<.r Rail Road Bank, and such was tl’e sSIS which they were executed, that he succeeded] passing one hundred and ninety dollars, in notes of various denominations from $5 to 100 n nn . a keen sighted broker of that place, reed v in* in 1 elu 1 n gold at but 2 per cent, discount bnortly alter the exchange was made, one a the notes was upon examination thought to l hot genuine, which led to a more critical em inaiion ol the whole ol them, when they were all found to be counteifcit. One hall of th business men of Columbia, however protested that they were genuine, until subsequent even 1 - forced upon them the conviction of their ness. Robinson was thereupon arrested, but n fc tested vehemently his innocence, statin® that he wasa Kentucky drover, and bad receive! this money lor stock he had sold. His mom however, was searched, and in the lining ot a fellow lodger’s cloak, it was discovered that he had concealed near a thousand dollars ol t e same money, and also a bunch of skeleton hm which he had with him to answer certain nir poses when his counterfeit money failed him He was tried before an examination court and the evidence being as we have stated, there’wa no hesitation as to his guilt, and he was sent on tor trial before the Criminal Court. Short ly after his imprisonment he was taken sick, and was so ill that the physician supposed he must die. Under this belief himself, he sent lor several gentlemen, and made a fall confes sion and detailed all the circumstances about the counterfeit money which had been found upon him. He told them he procured the money, as an agent for its disposal, from the Banton’s (John and William) in Lincoln county, in 'liis State, where there was an exten sive manufacturing establishment, tor notesas well as coin, and that it was in constant opeta tion. He accurately described to them every portion of the buildings as well as (lie appara tus, and gave them the names ol many of their agents for the disposal of the money throughout the United States. Upon this information being furnished, Mr. A. K. Ayer, a merchant of Columbus, and a gentleman of the highest respectability, start ed for Kentucky, and reached Stanford on Fri day last. The establishment of the Banton’s is about 5 miles from that place. A warrant for their arrest, upon tire information of Mr. Ayer, having been issued, that gentleman with the Sheriffanda number of (he citizens pro ceeded to the farm of the Ramon’s. They were not at home when they arrived, but belli? in the neighborhood, were found and arresied They then proceeded to the establishment of the Banton’s, which they searched, and found the most complete and extensive establishment for counterfeiting, that is to be found, perhaps, in the United States—presses, one of which will weigh fully five thousand pounds stamps, dyes, crucibles, with a large quantity of metals, and in fact every thing necessary for the busi ness. The Bantons were taken to Stanford, tried on Saturday, and sent on lor further trial the Court at the same time ordering the She riff to take into possession all of the a hove de scribed articles. The above facts we have from Mr. Ayer himself, to whom the people of Kentucky, and indeed ol the whole Union, are under heavy obligations, for his exertions in ferreting out and breaking up this establishment and in brirgin? the counteroffers to the justice they will un doubtedly receive at the hands of a jury. India Cotton—lmportant Fact. A late London paper furnishes a statemcci, republished in the National Intelligencer, el the active measures now in progiess through out India fur supplying that great peninsular with facilities for inter-communication by rail road upon a magnificent scale. Both die Brit ish Government and the East India Compam have sent out engineers for the purpose. The London paper says that “one of the gigatm projects is to run a line Irom Bombay, BIX miles long, ascending the Western Ghanc sweeping over an immense snrlaee of land to the Eastern Ghauts and Gadavey, air terminating- on the coast at Coringo, beside throwing off lateral lines or feeders, north an south, into the centre of the great towns, ciun mercial marts and cotton plantations, r lls magnificent scheme is said to be praclicaWW the total cost being estimated at £5,000,01 , 01 an average less than £4 000 per mile,—ani | el lain to be executed. The aiea ol theennre■ n contains a population of nine or ten mil lu -■ who will be accommodated by the prop* railroad. One town, Hyderabad. hasaMM’ 800,000 inhabitants. The commerce of ■ m; bay warrants the completion of this. l ie l ' ports of that city for the last official J^r' .£12,192,133, while the exports were 471. The imports and exports have excc. those of the average of the five previous) by upwards of £3,000,000— being Irom 41 W’ per ceni. in pursuing this foreign cowmen -37S ves-els arrived, and 407 departed during l year :be na'ive coasting crall rcacii'd more than 20,000 vessels, of 358,000 tons, "' riving, and 407 of 404,990 tons, departing- ‘ total tonnage which arrived and departed upwards of one million tons. We have considered the above facts, - • the Tropic, from the very interesting state" in the Intelligencer, for the sole «. urging 1 he Cotton growing States torelte ly Upon the following prediction ot the l writer: , , . in “ It is a singular fact, and one that s| 1 refragablv in favor of the introduction ways into India, that the very impel feci; r the roads and means of transit m ' pro has prevented the best cotton districts filing by the increased English lleniaa -’ ot b(r the ready conveyance by sea has, on ‘. lff as band, favored those districts from w cte j actually supplied. By railway ff 15 .^1 that the cost of transporting cotton 10 Y being will be diminished one penny per po" ’ er , 0 t one-ha If of its present cost, so that Lnortan' of India might soon become a mote jgtjtes source of supply for cotton than even of America.” . ... <r r opi f i One thing is certain, continues tt a((e r England only buys ourgfeat siaple as j D he s of necessity. The moment she can tbi s supplies from India, she will do s - Tba 1 end, is her magnificent railway effected, and cotton growing in CPm as it Mill he, by every means wjtn 0 j in pass of her scientific minds, an -.half, terior transportation diminished Unite® will say to the cotton growers 1 build States: Sell your staple whfrv v- •'*>' up a home market, if you ted manufacturing est. ' will to Havre and World, but hr* lift* lb"
