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CAPTAIN FREMONT’S REPORT.
S SECOND EXPEDITION-Concluded.
After an interesting visit to the “New and
Old Parks,” which are described as being fer
tile and well wooded and watered valleys, and
“a paradise to all grazing animals,” the party
arrived on the 22d June at the summit of the di
viding ridge , to which Capt. F. gives an estima
ted height of 11,200 feet.
“ On the 22d we were met by a party of Utah
women, who told us that on the other side of the
ridge their village was fighting with the Arapa
hoes. As soon as they had given us the infor
mation, they filled the air with cries and lamen
tations, which made us understand that some of
their chiefs had been killed.
“Extending along the river directly ahead of
us was a low piney ridge, leaving between it
and the stream a small open bottom on which
the Utabs had very injudiciously placed their
village, which, according to the women, num
bered about 300 warriors. Advancing in the
cover of the pines, the Arapahoes, about day
light, charged into the village, driving off a great
number of their horses and killing four men ;
among them the principal chief of the village.
They drove the horses perhaps a mile beyond
the village to the end ol a hollow, where they
had previously sorted at the edge of the pines.
Here the Utahs had instantly attacked them in
turn, and, according to the report of the women,
were rather getting the best of the day. The
women pressed us eagerly to join with their
people, and would immediately have provided
us with the best hoises at the village; hut it
was not for us to interfere in such a conflict.—
Neither party were our friends nor under our
protection; and each was ready to prey upon
us that could. But we could not help feeling
an unusual excitement at being within a few
hundred yards of a fight, in which 500 men
were closely engaged and hearing the sharp
crack of their rifles. We were in a bad posi
tion, and subject to be attacked in it. Either
party which we might meet, victorious or de
feated, was certain to fall upon us; and, gear
ing up immediately, we kept close along the
pines of the ridge, having it between us and
the village, which was immediately below us,
horsemen were galloping to and fro, and groups
of people were gathered around those who
were wounded and dead, and who were being
brought in from the field. We continued to
press on, and crossing another fork which came
in from the right, after having made fifteen
miles from the village, fortified ourselves strong
ly in the pines a short distance from the river?”
The party arrived at Bent’s Fort on the Ist of
July, where they were received—
“ With a cordial and friendly hospitality, in
the enjoyment of which we spent several agreea
. bledays. We were now in the region where
our mountaineers were accustomed to live,
and all the dangers and difficulties of the road
being considered past, four of them, including
Carson and Walker, remained at the Fort.”
The expedition reached the little town of
Kansas on the hanks of the Missouri river on
the 31st of July, having made a journey of 3.702
miles from the Dalles of the Columbia, and of
2,560 from Capt. Sutler’s settlement at New
Helvetia.
“During our protracted absence of fourteen
months, in the course of which we had necessa
rily been exposed to great varieties of weather
and climate, no one case of sickness had ever
occurred among us.
“Here ended our land journey; and the day
following our arrival, we found ourselves on
board a steamboat rapidly gliding down the
broad Missouri, Our travel-worn animals had
not been sold and dispersed over the country to
renewed labor, but were placed at good pastu
rage on the frontier, and are now ready to
do their part in the coming expedition.”
The narrative concludes with the arrival at
St. Louis on the 6th of August, where the party
disbanded.
“Andreas Fuentes also remained here, hav
ing readily found employment for the winter,
and is one of the men engaged to accompany me
the present year.
“Pablo Hernandez remains in the family of
Senator Benton, where he is well taken care of,
and conciliates good will by his docility, intel
ligence, and amiability. General Almonte, the
Mexican Minister at Mfashington, to whom he
was of course made known, kindly offered to
take charge of him, and to carry him back to
Mexico; but the boy preferred to remain where
he was until he got an education, for which he
shows equal ardor and aptitude.
“ Our Chinook Indian had his wish to see the
whites fully gratified, He accompanied me
to Washington, and, after remaining several
months at the Columbia college, was sent by
the Indian department to Philadelphia, where
among other things, he learned to read and write
well, and speak the English language with some
fluency.
“ He will accompany me in a few days to the
frontier of Missouri, whence he will be sent with
some one of the emigrant companies to the vil
lage at the Dalles of Columbia.”
We have thus endeavored to furnish our rea
ders with such an analysis of Capt. Fremont’s
two expeditions as may, with the copious ex
tracts which we have made from the narrative,
enaole them not only to trace his adventurous
course, but also to estimate what he has accom
plished. and the great value of the information
which he has collected, in a geographical, a
commercial, and a scientific point of view.
We will not attempt a recapitulation; lor
where so much has been done,{and so well done,
it would be only to repeat, in another form, the
substance of all which we have already said
In geographical discovery Captain Fremont has’
done much: he has shown that the transit
across the Rocky Mountains, particularly at the
Southern Pass, is comparatively easy; that the
proportion of absolutely barren country is small;
that, from within one hundred and fitly miles of
the Missouri frontier to the longitude of Fort
Laramie, (105° 40',) there is in general great
plenty of the short curley grass called buffalo
grass. Westward of Laramie, for a considera
ble distance, the region is sandy and apparently
•terile, and the place of the grass is usurped by
Wertieia > ether lesaliUee, where there is m de-
ficiency of pasturage, are found on both sides
of the mountains. These expeditions, however,
will furnish to trading caravans, or to emigra
ting parties, a knowledge of the most practica
ble routes, where they may most generally find
sustenance for their animals and water and fuel
lor themselves. The road to Oregon will be
made comparatively easy: and although the
emigrant who contemplates taking up his line
of march to that distant region ought to be ap
prized of and guarded against the dangers, the
difficulties, and the privations he will have to en
counter, yet he may be cheered by the certainly
that he will meet with nothing but what fore
sight and prudence may in great measure pro
tect him from, and courage, firmness, and perse
verance overcome. He will be called upon to
exercise all these qualities; and the most dan
gerous error into which he can fall is to ima
gine that the journey is an easy one, and the toil
and suffering which he will have to undergo tri
fling and unimportant.
The Great Salt Lake, the Bear River Valley,
and the rivers, the valleys, and the mountains
of Upper California may be said to be now first
brought to the knowledge of civilized man by
these expeditions. The correction of our for
mer geographical errors whith respect to the
river Buenaventura we owe to Captain F.; the
existence of a great central point or basin in
California is established by him, as is also the
important fact (hat there is no river of any na
vigable size which has its outlet directly into
the Pacific, and communicates with the western
slope of our continent, except the Columbia, be
tween fifty degrees of north latitude and the
Gulfol California. In a military point of view
these expeditions point out where torts and
posts may be most advantageously established,
with a view to the safe ocupancy of the country
and the protection of the inhabitants and the
trader from Indian outrage, or from aggressions
or interferences of any kind. This, we believe,
was the professedly authorized object of Capt.
Fremont’s expeditions; but his ardent and ac
tive temperament, and his love of science and
knowledge, con'd not rest satisfied with a bare
performance of prescribed duties. He has sub
mitted to his countrymen and the world, in his
unpretending and modest narrative, a vast bo
dy of botanical, geological, and meteorological
information. The soil and the mineral waters
have been subjected to analysis. More than
four hundred and thirty astronomical observa
tions are recorded, the latitude and longitude of
important points accurately determined, and the
elevation of mountains ascertained. The sur
vey of Captain Fremont from the eastward
meets that of Captain Wilkes from the west
ward, and, so far as is requisite for all imme
diate practical purposes, the map of Oregon is
complete. The appendix to Captain Fremont’s
narrative contains Dr. James Hall’s (of New
York) report upon the nature of the geological
formations occupying the portions of Oregon
and California traversed by Captain Fremont,
as deduced from his observations, and the spe
cimens of minerals and vegetables, and animal
organic remains which he collected.
Professor Torrey makes the following state
ment with respect to the botanical collection of
the expedition:
“When Captain Fremont set out on his se
cond expedition he was well provided with pa
per and other means lor making extensive bo
tanical collections; and it was understood that,
on his return, we should conjointly prepare a
full account of his plants, to be appended to his
report. About fourteen hundred species were
collected, many of them in regions not before
explored by any botanist. In consequence,
however, of the great length of the journey, and
the numerous accidents to which the party
were exposed, but especially owing to the
dreadful flood of the Kansas, which deluged the
borders of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers,
more than half of his specimens were ruined be
fore he reached the borders of civilization.
Even the portion saved was greatly damaged,
so that, in many instances, it has been extreme
ly difficult to determine the plants. As there
was not sufficient time before the publication
of Captain Fremont’s report for the proper study
of the remains of his collection, it has been
deemed advisable to reserve the greater part of
them to incorporate with the plants which we
expect he will bring with him on returningfrom
his third expedition, upon which he has just
set out.
“The loss sustained bv Captain Fremont,
and 1 may say by the botanical world, will, we
trust, be partly made up the present and next
seasons, as much of the same country will be
passed over again, and some new regions ex
plored. Arrangements have also been made
by which the botanical collections will be pre
served, at least from the destructive effects
of water, and a person accompanies the expe
dition who is to make drawings ol all the most
interesting plants. Particular attention will
be given to the lorest trees and the vegetable
productions that are useful in the ails or that
are employed for lood or medicine.”
Professor Torrey furnishes in the appendix
descriptions ol about thirty new genera and
species of plants collected by Captain Fremont.
The objects of Captain Fremont’s third ex
ploratory tour are, we believe, correctly detailed
in the following paragraphs, which we extract
from a late number of the Western (Missouri)
Expositor:
“The expedition to the Rocky Mountains,
under command of Captain J. (J. Fremont, of
the U. S. Army, being the third exploring tour
of that officer, left Westport on the 2Gth June.
Captain Fremont is assisted by two junior officers
of the Topographical Corps, and employs
eighty men. The design of this expedition is
to complete the surveys of the plains and moun
tains intervening between the western boundaiy
of the Pacific, heretofore partially accomplished
by the exploring squadron and the two former
expeditions of Captain Fremont. As far as we
can learn, this party will proceed to survey the
Arkansas river to its source, alter completing
which the party will be divided. One division
will then return byway ol the head of the
Rio del None, through the country of the
Camanche Indians, on the sources of the Red
river, and by the low waters of the Arkansas.
The main division, under Captain Fremont,
will cross the Colorado, complete the survey of
the Great Salt Lake, and penetrate by the
waters of Mary’s river, which flows weslwardly
*<ough Upper California, in the vicinity of the
, “ degree parallel of latitude, and is lost in a
lake at the eastern base of the California Moun-
ST. 11 , is believed that from a point on
some (Ja y s ’ journey from its
mouth, the head ol the Sacramento may be
reached m two days’ travel. The route then by
which Captain Fremont proposes to penetrate
to the Pacific is ,ie shortest and most directfrom
the lower Missouri: of this the portion from the
Arkansas to the head of the Sacramentos. about
six hundred and fifty miles in distance is as
yet unexplored by the white man, and generally
designated as “the Great California Desert”
None of its waters except the Colorado reach
the ocean; they are absorbed or disappear bv
evaporation, J
“ After passing the winter among the settle
««» of Upper California, the exploring party
will, if the country be found practicable, pass
round by the lower route from California, cross
ing the Colorado below the great ‘Kennion,’
and return to the Arkansas by the waters of the
Gila and Juan, large tributaries of the lower
Colorado, which have their sources west of the
mountains of New Mexico. This sketch con
templates a route of five or six thousand miles.
It will probably eventuate in the discovery of a
new and straight road to both Oregon and Cali
fornia, passing for the most part through our
own territory, diminishing the distance some
three or four hundred miles, and the time two
months. The country to the right and left will
be examined, and its geography, at present a
blank, somewhat understood. The importance
of these contemplated explorations is very great
—every confidence is reposed in the energy and
ability of the commanding officer.”
We cannot lake leave of this most interesting
and valuable document without expressing the
j great pleasure and instruction which its perusal
| has afforded us, and the conviction, which every
additional page increased, that the important
objects of the expeditions could not have been
entrusted to better hands. The journals of the
three expeditions will, together, furnish one of
the most important productions of the age, and
constitute a most suitable and valuable present
to science and literature, made by our young
and vigorous country, through the hands of one
of her most amiable, talented, and enterprising
sons.
€l)ronidc nnh Sentinel.
AUGUSTA , GA .
SATURDAY MORNING, SEPT. 20.
WHIG NOMINATIONS.
FOR GOVERNOR:
GEORGE W. CRAWFORD.
FOR SENATOR:
ANDREW J . MILLER.
FOR REPRESENTATIVES FROM RICHMOND CO:
CHARLES J. JENKINS.
WILLIAM J. RHODES.
FOR REPRESENTATIVES FROM COLUMBIA CO.;
C . H. SHOCKLEY.
JAMES FLEMING.
mail of Tuesday morning from New
York, due last evening, failed. We have, how
ever, accounts up to Monday afternoon, which
will be found in our columns. The mail from
Baltimore was regularly through.
The Late Judge Story—Mr. Webster.
Ai a meeting of the bar of Boston,called to do
honor to the Judge Story, Chief Justice
Lemuel Shaw of the Supreme Court presided,
who announced in a brief and feeling address,
the cause of the assemblage. Mr. Webster in
troduced a series of resolutions, which he pre
faced in substance with the following chaste
and eloquent eulogium upon the distinguished
dead.
The Boston Post, in alluding to this impres.
sive and touching tribute of the distinguished
Orator, says: “he spoke of the character, ability
and services of the deceased, in a strain of im
pressive and unqualified eulogy, for the space
of halt an hour. But much of what he said
was not generally heard, for he was so deeply
affected by the solemn event of which he had
been called to speak, that his utterance was re
peatedly impeded by his emotions, and occasion
ally his profound grief sought relief in tears.”
“We have just heard from you, sir, (said
Mr. Webster,) a confirmation of the solemn
tact, which we had previously heard through
other channels of intelligence, and which has
drawn together (he whole Suffolk Bar, and all
connected with the Courts of this Cointv, to
testily their sense of the loss which thev have
sustained. It has drawn from his retirement
that venerable man (Judge Davis) whom we all
respect and honor, who was for thirty years the
associate of the deceased upon the Bench. It
has called here another Judge, (Judge Putnam,)
who has retired from a seat upon that Bench on
which you preside, and who was himself once
the instructor in the law, of him whose loss we
mourn. The members of the school, over
which he lately presided, the friends with whom
he was associated in public or in private life,
have come here to-day. One sentiment only
prevails among all, a sense of profound grief.
But all of him is not dead. With all our sense
of the irreparable loss, we feel that he still lives
among us, in his spirit, in his recorded wis
dom, and in the decisions of authority which
he has pronounced. “ Vivil, envm, vivetque, sem
per; alque eham latius in memoria hominum, cl
sermone, vcrsabiiur , posfquantab oculis recessit.”
“Mr. Chief Justice, —The loss is not felt
alone among this bar, or in the courts of this
Commonwealth, but is felt in every bar and
every court in the Union. It is not confined to
this country, nor to this continent. He had a
wider range of reputation. In the High Court
of Parliament, in every Court in Westminster
Hall, in every distinguished judicature in
Europe, in the Courts of Paris, of Berlin, of
Stockholm, and of St. Petersburg, in the Uni
versities of Germany, Italy, and Spain, his au
thority was received, and’all, when they hear
of his death, will agree, that a great luminary
has fallen. He has in some measure repaid
the debt which America owes to England, and
the mother can receive from the daughter, with
out humiliation, and without envy, the reversed
hereditary transmission from the child to the
parent. By the comprehensiveness of his mind,
and by his vast and varied attainments, he was
most fitted to compare the codes of different na
tions, and comprehend the results of such re
search.
“His love of country was pure, and he re
garded justice as the great interest of man, and
the only foundation of civilization. On this
foundation he lias built his fame, and united
his own name with that of his country. It was
to constitutional law that much of his attention
was directed, and in the elucidation of which he
was pre-eminent. “Ad rempublicunJinnandam,
el ad, stabiliendas vires, el sanaudum populum,
omnis ejus pcrgebal inslilulio .”
“ But it is unnecessary for us this flay to speak
in detail of his public or judical services. That
duty will remain for us to perform, and it will,
no doubt, be executed in a manner worthy of
the occasion. Still, in the homage that will be
paid to him, there is one tribute which may well
come from us. We have seen him, and known
him in private life. We can bear witness to
his strict uprightness and purity ol character;
his simplicity and unostentatious habits; the
ease and affability of his intercourse; his great
vivacity amidst the severest labors; the cheer
ing and animating lone of his conversation,
and his fidelity to his friends;—and some of us
can testify to his large and systematic charities,
not dispensed in a public manner, but gladden
ing the hearls of those whom he assisted in pri
vate, distilling happiness like the dew of
heaven.
“ His labors were all subservient to his great
object, judicature. "Cesl vain que Von cherche
a disl nguer en lui le personne privee cl la personne
pubhque; un meme esprit les anime, un menu
objet, les reunit Vhomme , le pere tie fannlle, le ci
loyen, lout etl en Lui consacre a la gloire du
Magistral .”
“ Mr. Chief Justice, —One may live as a con
queror, a king, or a magistrate, but he must die
i* ft nun. The bed of death brings svsry man
to his pure individuality; to the intense contem
plation ol the deepest of all relations, the relation
between the creature and his Creator.
“ This relation the deceased always acknow •
ledged. Ht reverenced the Scriptures of Truth,
he received from them this lesson, and sub
mitted himself, in all things, to the will of Provi
dence. His career on earth was well sustained.
To the last hour ol his life his faculties remain
ed unimpaired, and the lamp went out at the
close, undimned, and without flickering or ob
scurity. His last words, which were heard by
mortal ears, were a fervent supplication to his
Maker, to take him to himself”
Mr, Webster then offered a series of eulogis
tic resolutions, one of which was, that “ a com
mittee of twelve be appointed by the chair to
consider and determine the proper tribute of re
spect to the deceased, and to make the necessa
ry arrangements for carrying the same into ex
ecution.”
Judge Davis also spoke eloquently and ap
propriately. The resolutions were adopted. A
resolution was then passed, “that Mr. Webster
be requested to pronounce a Discourse on the
life and judicial character of the late Mr, Jus
tice Story, at such time and place as shall be
designated by the Committee of the Bar.”
At a meeting of the Trustees of the Cemetery
of Mount Auburn, it was voted “that the Trus
tees offer to the friends and fellow-citizens of
the deceased, a place in the new chapel now in
the progress of erection at Mount Auburn, for
the reception of a marble statue of the late Jo
seph Story, when such a work, worthy of the
character of its original, shall have been com
pleted through the contributions of the public.”
Tennessee. —ln the late election for Govern
or, Foster received 51,583 votes and Brown 53,-
447; majority for Brown 1864. At the late
Presidential election, Clay received 60,030 and
Polk 59,917; majority for Clay 113. The ag
gregate number of votes for President was 119,-
947 and for Governor 105,030. a falling oft' in
the aggregate vote, since last November, of 14,-
917.
Yellow Fever in N. Orleans. —The Pica
yune of Sunday morning the 14th says:—After
diligent inquiry yesterday evening at the diffe
rent hospitals andof quite a number of medical
gentlemen of our acquaintance, we could not
hear of any case of yellow fever. At a meet
ing of the Board of Health on Friday evening,
two cases ol mild character were reported, in
addition to the three cases first reported. At
their last meeting, the board deemed “it proper
to slate that the disease cannot at present be con
sidered malignant or epidemic.” This opinion
ol the Board is confirmed by every medical gen
tleman with whom we have conversed. Most
of them go further, and express their conviction
that no case ol yellow fever has yet occurred,
and that the health of New Orleans was never
better.
Latest from Tobasco. —The brig Joseph
Atkins, Capt. Higgins, arrived at New York
on Sunday, bringing news from Tobasco to the
20th ult. Ten days previous (says the N. Y.
Tribune) a revolution broke out in Tobasco,
ihe people having declared themselves indepen
dent of Mexico. There was a force daily ex
pected from Vera Cruz to attack the leader of
the people of Tobasco—Don Miguel Bruno.
All commercial intercourse between Tobasco
and Vera Cruz had been suspended.
The New-York State Comptroller has issued
a circular offering to redeem the Slate fives be
coming due on the Ist January next, with inte
rest from last payment, immediately, He also
gives notice that said bonds will cease to draw
interest after the Ist of January.
Mr. Aldrich of New-York, has invented a
'‘submerged wheel,” which has been applied to
thenew steamboat Virginia, recently built at
New-York and intended to ply between that city
and Richmond. In an experimental trip a few
days ago this boat made about nine miles per
hour with ease. The new principle consists
in this:—that the floats are attached to a drum,
which revolves within an air-tight chamber,
within the apparent sides or walls of the vessel,
leavingan even nr smooth surface next to Ihe
water.
Present to Mr. Clay. —We saw yesterday,
says the Baltimore American of the 16th iast.,
at the residence ofMr. Romulus R. Griffith, in
this city, a counterpane made by Mrs. Ann
Warner, of Harford county, Md., a lady now in
her94th year. It is a beautiful article both as
a specimen of fine needle work, and in respect
to the taste displayed in the arrangement of the
numberless pieces ol which it is composed. In
the centre of it is the following inscription :
TO THE HONORABLE HENRY CLAY ;
THE ORATOR, PATRIOT AND PHILANTHROPIST,
In token of admiration of his genius and his virtues,
Is presented this piece of needle work,
by Mrs. Ann Warner.
Executed by her own hand in the 03d year of tier age.
Baltimore, 1845.
While lingers still mv setting sun.
And life’s last sands in silence fall,
Ere death’s rude hand the glass shall break,
And o’er its ruins spread the pall—
-1 lift the voice which ’mid the storm
Os war our early patiiot blest.
And with its dying accents hail
The patriot hero of the West.
Oh hallowed be thy matchless worth
By a whole nation’s love and prayers;
And thy eventful being close
Lamented by a nation’s tears.
The old lady completed the counterpane in
about six weeks, without assistance from any
one. The spirit which animated her whilst en
gaged in rendering this handsome tribute from
age to the great American statesman may he
inferred from the inscription. The article will
be taken in charge by James H. Meriwether,
Esq., of Cincinnati, and be by him despatched
to Mr. Clay’s residence.
The weather in Canada has been unusually
cold and stormy for the season. On (he 4th inst,,
during a gale, a large and ancient elm tree,
which was standing in 1608, when Ciuebeo was
first settled, was broken off near the ground.
Fire at South Boston. —The Suffolk white
lead manufactory at South Boston, belonging to
Messrs. Hensbaw, Ward & Co., took fire yes
terday morning about two o’clock, and the ma
chinery and wood work were entirely destroyed.
The mam building was very large, and of brick.
A cooper’s shop connected with the manufacto
ry was partly burnt. Loss estimated at $50,000
—530,000 covered by insurance.
The factory was situated on Fifth and Golden
streets. Six wooden dwelling houses in the
immediate vicinity were also destroyed, but
were all insured. The furniture of most of the
occupants was sftv«d.— Barton Courier,
Maine Railroad.— The annual report of
the Maine Railroad Company shows that lor
the year ending June Ist, 1845, the receipts from
passengers were $103,944; freight, $80,092; mai
and rents, $7064 —total $351,101. The expendi
tures in the same time were 5143,231, including
$43,279 lolls paid to Lowell Railroad, $13,261
paid to Portland road, and $5407 taxes in New
Hampshire. A net balance of earnings to
amour: tot SI 07,870 sufficed to pay two dividends
of 3£ each—s93,s2o, and leave $14,350 in hand
as reserved profits.
The Cotton Crop. —The following cairn
and dispassionate view of the cotton crop, says
the Mobile Advertiser, is from one of the most
intelligent planters of Alabama; and as his
means of information are at least equal to liio.se
possessed by any other writer on tins subject,
we consider his opinions entitled to more than
ordinary respect.
Marengo, Co., Sept, 8, 1845.
Editor of trie Advertiser; —As many partial
and exaggerated statements concerning the pre
sent crop are making their appearance in the
newspapers Irom different sections of the cotton
country, from which no definite idea can be ob
tained of the probable production, the under
signed requests a srnali space in your valuable
paper, lor a short but general view of the crop
anil the prospects of the planter, predicated in
part upon his own observation, and partly on
the most reliable statements which have come
to his knowledge. It is prejudicial to the inte
rests of the cotton grower, that some o! our peo
ple should, every year, crowd the newspapers
with statements ol drouth, heavy rains, the rust,
the worms, or some other calamity, and con
clude with declamations that “there will not be
half a crop’’—“there cannot be two-thirds ol a
crop,” &c. Peisons at a distance, and cotton
buyers particularly, have so often seen the
falsity of such predictions, that no regard is
paid to anything we may say concerning a forth
coming crop, believing that all such announce
ments in advance are made either through in
terested motives or want ol judgment. So that
the planter, when there is really a diminished
production, would not reap any benefit from an
advance in the price, being compelled in most
cases to pare with his crop early in the season.
Now, there is a certainly that the present crop
will fall short of that of the last year, but not in
the proportion that most persons affect to belie ve.
Let us examinetheaccount. All thestatements
from Georgia and the Carolina.? concur in re
presenting the crop as not more than one-half
ol the last year’s. But this is an unheard of
falling off over so large a surface, and for an
approximation to correctness we will assume
that the deficiency will be one-third—say 200,-
000 bales. In Alabama and Mississippi the
crops will not be equal, or will not reach a full
average. Having seen the crops in several
counties in eastern Mississippi and western
and middle Alabama, I am satisfied that the
black or lime lands and the creek and river bot
tom plantations will yield well, but the light
sandy-land crops have suffered very severely
from long drouth, until it is now too late to re
cover. This class of plantations cannot make
more than two-thirds, and in many cases not
more than one-half the usual production. A
large portion of the middle and eastern counties
of Alabama and much of interior and northern
Mississippi come under this head; but as the
bulk of the crop from these two States does not
depend on this quality of soil, it would be lair
to assume that the deficiency in these two States
cannot be more than one-sixth part—say 150,000
bales. Thus far deduct the above amounts
from the last year’s crop of 2,400,000 bales and
we shall have 2,050,000 bales. But Louisi
ana, Arkansas and Texas will undoubtedly
send to market an increase of 100,000 bales,
which will give us for the crop of the present
year in the United Slates 2,150,000 bales, or
250,000 bales less than the last crop.
lam, respectfully, your ob’t serv’t,
A. J. K.
“ tie has managed financial maltersunder in
structions of the two last Legislatures, faithful
ly and honestly. Any other honest man of good
plain sense would have done the same and with
the same results.”
This testimony of the editor of the “ Augusta
Constitutionalist”conflicts with statements of
the editor’s correspondent, “ Piney Woods,”
who has endeavored to defame Gov. Crawlbrd,
by a perseverance and industry worthy of a bet
ter cause. Bui we thank the editor, at any rate,
for his fairness, in giving the Governor that
credit for having “ faithfully and honestly” per
formed his duty, which is so justly his due. —
Courant.
Correspondence of the Baltimore Patriot.
New-York, Monday, P. M.
The ship Southport, Griffiths, hence for
Charleston with a full cargo of dry goods, gro
ceries, &c., went ashore at Barnegat on Srffnr
day night, and has 6 feet water in her hold.
She is fully insured in this city, and will be a
heavy loss to the underwriters. The under
writers’ agent, Cant. Sturges, went to the assis
tance of the ship, with steam pump, &c., and
would probably be able to save most of the car
go, which is a valuable one. The S. was
bound from New York to Charleston, and is one
of Bnlkley’s line of packets. The passengers
and crew saved.
The Cotton market is quiet to-day, as our
merchants are busy with their foreign corres
pondence.
Genesee Flour is in demand, and the bulk of
the sales to-day have been at 54,87 i ; Ohio and
Michigan brings $4,75 rn 4,87*.
The sales at the Stock Exchange this morn
ing were to fair extent, with but little variation
from Saturday’s prices—the market is decided
ly heavy. Foreign Exchange has been in de
mand at 109 J am 110 on London, and 5,23* on
Paris.
The Frankfort (Ky.) Commonwealth of
Tuesday last, says:
The Governor of Kentucky has been notified
by the Secretary of War, that General Taylor
Commandant of the army of occupation in’
Texas, is authorised, in case he should need
them, to call on Kentucky lor auxiliary troops
for that service to repel the apprehended Mexi
can invasion. -The number and description of
troops, should they be required, are to be desig
nated by General Taylor.
Governor Owsley h. s replied to the Secretary
of War, assuring him that the citizens of Ken
tucky have lost none of that patriotic zeal which
has ever distinguished them, and which has al
ways led them to be among the foremost in de
fending our common country against, foreign
aggression. He holds himself in readiness, as
he has signified to the Secretary, to comply with
all constitutional and legal requisitions of the
Federal Government, made by the President or
bis authorised agents; and he assures the Gov
ernment at Washington, that any requisition
upon the militia of Kentucky will be promptly
and gallantly responded to by them,
Anti-Renters.—Thus. Deray, 2nd, a chief
of Dry Brook, Ulster county, was committed
on Wednesday evening. When taken, he was
armed with a rifle, dirk and pistols. The
Grand Jury came into Court this morning,
having found sixty-six indictments against as
many persons, for various offences committed
prior to the murder of Steele. Eleven of these
indictments are for robbery in the first degree,
appearing disguised and armed, and for riot at
Middletown, last February. The remaining
fiffy-five indictments are for assembling dis
guised and armed, conspiracy and riot, at the
Stewart sale last spring in the town of Delhi.
Four of the Sheriff’s posse have just returned
With three ptistmer*.— Albany Afgui, 18 th mt,
Prom the Lexington(Ey.) Observer.
Counterfeiting Establishment broke,,
ami Counterfeiters Arrested. Ul ''
Lexington, (Ky.) Sept. 3
The most extensive counterfeitin'’ csi ,|
merit, perhaps, in the United Slates ii 'J
been discovered in oui State, within Vi...w' J f !
Ot this place, which has doubles, K' u,les
been in existence a great length oftime n
upon the farm formerly owned and ocem.L n
the father of the present occupants _V y
Banion—who was lor years before hi leu 0 ?"
1 exas, suspected ol carrying < n ieit lor
ieitingof coin at this ""indeed
.{ we remember i.gnUy, he was once or tS
arrested many yeais ag (l; unon this charge b
being a very astute man with considers hi!’ 1
Petty, he was always enabled to escaneihl Pm ‘
isbment to which he was justly entitled T
nally, however, he was compelled m leaved
btate, and at the last accounts was m that S, he
.0 and relnsee (elons-Texa.
and effects he left in the possession of his Z
sons one of whom is since dead, where time
have been since residing. •
It seems that some two months ago a man
calling himself G. W. Robinson, was arrested
m Columbus, ((.a.) fur passing counteile,
pi’“r V ' . , ~h e ! mmey , '’ onsiMe d ot notes cm the
Bank of Charleston, and the South Wp«i<.r
Rail Road Bank, and such was tl’e sSIS
which they were executed, that he succeeded]
passing one hundred and ninety dollars, in notes
of various denominations from $5 to 100 n nn .
a keen sighted broker of that place, reed v in*
in 1 elu 1 n gold at but 2 per cent, discount
bnortly alter the exchange was made, one a
the notes was upon examination thought to l
hot genuine, which led to a more critical em
inaiion ol the whole ol them, when they were
all found to be counteifcit. One hall of th
business men of Columbia, however protested
that they were genuine, until subsequent even 1 -
forced upon them the conviction of their
ness.
Robinson was thereupon arrested, but n fc
tested vehemently his innocence, statin® that
he wasa Kentucky drover, and bad receive!
this money lor stock he had sold. His mom
however, was searched, and in the lining ot a
fellow lodger’s cloak, it was discovered that he
had concealed near a thousand dollars ol t e
same money, and also a bunch of skeleton hm
which he had with him to answer certain nir
poses when his counterfeit money failed him
He was tried before an examination court and
the evidence being as we have stated, there’wa
no hesitation as to his guilt, and he was sent
on tor trial before the Criminal Court. Short
ly after his imprisonment he was taken sick,
and was so ill that the physician supposed he
must die. Under this belief himself, he sent
lor several gentlemen, and made a fall confes
sion and detailed all the circumstances about
the counterfeit money which had been found
upon him. He told them he procured the
money, as an agent for its disposal, from the
Banton’s (John and William) in Lincoln
county, in 'liis State, where there was an exten
sive manufacturing establishment, tor notesas
well as coin, and that it was in constant opeta
tion. He accurately described to them every
portion of the buildings as well as (lie appara
tus, and gave them the names ol many of their
agents for the disposal of the money throughout
the United States.
Upon this information being furnished, Mr.
A. K. Ayer, a merchant of Columbus, and a
gentleman of the highest respectability, start
ed for Kentucky, and reached Stanford on Fri
day last. The establishment of the Banton’s
is about 5 miles from that place. A warrant
for their arrest, upon tire information of Mr.
Ayer, having been issued, that gentleman with
the Sheriffanda number of (he citizens pro
ceeded to the farm of the Ramon’s. They
were not at home when they arrived, but belli?
in the neighborhood, were found and arresied
They then proceeded to the establishment of
the Banton’s, which they searched, and found
the most complete and extensive establishment
for counterfeiting, that is to be found, perhaps,
in the United States—presses, one of which
will weigh fully five thousand pounds stamps,
dyes, crucibles, with a large quantity of metals,
and in fact every thing necessary for the busi
ness. The Bantons were taken to Stanford,
tried on Saturday, and sent on lor further trial
the Court at the same time ordering the She
riff to take into possession all of the a hove de
scribed articles.
The above facts we have from Mr. Ayer
himself, to whom the people of Kentucky, and
indeed ol the whole Union, are under heavy
obligations, for his exertions in ferreting out and
breaking up this establishment and in brirgin?
the counteroffers to the justice they will un
doubtedly receive at the hands of a jury.
India Cotton—lmportant Fact.
A late London paper furnishes a statemcci,
republished in the National Intelligencer, el
the active measures now in progiess through
out India fur supplying that great peninsular
with facilities for inter-communication by rail
road upon a magnificent scale. Both die Brit
ish Government and the East India Compam
have sent out engineers for the purpose. The
London paper says that “one of the gigatm
projects is to run a line Irom Bombay, BIX
miles long, ascending the Western Ghanc
sweeping over an immense snrlaee of
land to the Eastern Ghauts and Gadavey, air
terminating- on the coast at Coringo, beside
throwing off lateral lines or feeders, north an
south, into the centre of the great towns, ciun
mercial marts and cotton plantations, r lls
magnificent scheme is said to be praclicaWW
the total cost being estimated at £5,000,01 , 01
an average less than £4 000 per mile,—ani | el
lain to be executed. The aiea ol theennre■ n
contains a population of nine or ten mil lu -■
who will be accommodated by the prop*
railroad. One town, Hyderabad. hasaMM’
800,000 inhabitants. The commerce of ■ m;
bay warrants the completion of this. l ie l '
ports of that city for the last official J^r'
.£12,192,133, while the exports were
471. The imports and exports have excc.
those of the average of the five previous)
by upwards of £3,000,000— being Irom 41 W’
per ceni. in pursuing this foreign cowmen
-37S ves-els arrived, and 407 departed during l
year :be na'ive coasting crall rcacii'd
more than 20,000 vessels, of 358,000 tons, "'
riving, and 407 of 404,990 tons, departing- ‘
total tonnage which arrived and departed
upwards of one million tons.
We have considered the above facts, - •
the Tropic, from the very interesting state"
in the Intelligencer, for the sole «.
urging 1 he Cotton growing States torelte
ly Upon the following prediction ot the l
writer: , , . in
“ It is a singular fact, and one that s| 1
refragablv in favor of the introduction
ways into India, that the very impel feci; r
the roads and means of transit m ' pro
has prevented the best cotton districts
filing by the increased English lleniaa -’ ot b(r
the ready conveyance by sea has, on ‘. lff as
band, favored those districts from w cte j
actually supplied. By railway ff 15 .^1
that the cost of transporting cotton 10 Y being
will be diminished one penny per po" ’ er , 0 t
one-ha If of its present cost, so that Lnortan'
of India might soon become a mote jgtjtes
source of supply for cotton than even
of America.” . ... <r r opi f i
One thing is certain, continues tt a((e r
England only buys ourgfeat siaple as j D he s
of necessity. The moment she can tbi s
supplies from India, she will do s - Tba 1
end, is her magnificent railway
effected, and cotton growing in CPm
as it Mill he, by every means wjtn 0 j in
pass of her scientific minds, an -.half,
terior transportation diminished Unite®
will say to the cotton growers 1 build
States: Sell your staple whfrv v- •'*>'
up a home market, if you
ted manufacturing est. '
will to Havre and
World, but hr*
lift* lb"