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iilu wiu yipnwmnMiaMHan
CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
BT WILLUM 3. JOKES,
omoi II KAIL ROAD BARK BOU.DIRG
DAILY, TRI.WEEKLY & WiIBKLY.
TERMS- Djily Papa r, to oif / subscribers, per
Muram, inadvaiKS,* #6
Daily Paper .to .iied to the country,** ••• 7
Week' / (a mammoth sheet) *
C A SYSTEM.—In no case will an order lor
lie paper be attended to, nnlesa accompanied wi*
the money, and in every instance when the lime jot
whiob the subscription may be paid, expires Before
the receipt of funds to renew the same, tbe paper
will be discontinued.
Green Barley a Substitute for Indian
Corn.
The following communication appeared in
the Southern Cultivator, for 1845, a year not
less distinguished for its excessive drought than
the present:
“Having noticed in the May No. of the
Cultivator, an inquiry from one of your South
Carolinian correspondents in regard to barley,
and not having noticed in any of the succeed*
ing numbers a response to that inquiry, I hope
you will consider it in good place, as tbe
season for sowing is fast approaching, to sug
gest a few particulars, the result of experienoe
and observation, touching the cultivation and
ase of this important and much neglected
grain. 1 say important, because it is the de
liberate opinion of the writer that there is no
small grain of more importance to the farmer,
or that will make so profitable a yield to the
same quantity of ground. That it is neglected
needs no demonstration, as perhaps there ia
net one dozen farmers in every fifty in the
Sooth who make any sort of advantageous
successful use of this almost perfect substitute
for Indian corn.
Having been a peculiar subject of the un
precedented drought of 1845, which fora
time hung like an incubus upon the energy
and industry of the agrioultuict, paralyzing
in some sectiona, his best direoted efforts, I
immediately set about taxing my managing
and economical powers, to see if anything
could be done to make np for a deficiency of
corn, where not more than one fifth of a crop
was realized. Among the moat successful of
these efforts was that made in the cultivation
of barley.
After hauling a considerable quantity of sta
ble manure, ashes, rotten straw, &c., upon a
little more than one acre of thin land, suffi
cient I would say, not to be more particular,
to give the entire surface a tolerably good coat
—the lot was tolerably we 1 broken up, having
previously spread tbe manure es regularly
over the surface as could conveniently be
done. The barley was then sown, about a
bushel and a half to the acre, and well plow
ed in. This was about the Khh of October.
The whole was then turned loose to t v e sea
sons until some time in February, having kept
fat during this time a large gang of pigs, with
out a grain of corn. The winter being unusu
ally severe, thinned the stand very much, per
haps one sixth the quantity which stood upon
the lot having perished by cold.
At the above specified time, February, my
mules and horses were growing quite thin
and under hard service upon twenty four ears
of corn, with cut oats, fodder, straw, &c., per
day in sufficient quantity. A resort was now
made to the green barley, it having grown
sufficiently high to grasp ia the hand and cut
with a reap hook. It was soon ascertained that
it was preferred by the stock to all ether kinds,
corn not excepted. A reduction was therefore
made in the quan'ity of corn, from twenty
four ears to only five, to each horse or mule
at night, and the other food considerably les
sened. Under this latter course of feeding
my mules and horses improved and did better
than upon the original plan above stated.
This small lot co ntinued an abundant supply
for six head of workiug animals for nearly
two months, filling three large troughs each
day at neon and night during the whole time.
The result was a net saving of at least fifty
bushels of corn, and a considerable amount of
oats, fodder, &c. In addition to all this,
there was a great improvement in the appear
ance and health of the stock.
These animals were kept hard at work dur
ing the whole time they were fed on this green
food, notwithstanding which fact they did cot
sweat or scour more than ordinarily. This is
a remarkable fact, not understood by the
writer, as all other kinds of green food fed to
the same extent to working animals, will pro
duce these effects more or less. These facts
have suggested the belief, that green barley is
Bui generis, possessing peculiarly fibrous, escu
lent, and nutritious qualities not contained in
any other species of green food.
Green wheat and oats were also nsed, of
which the former is best, but neither can be
fed to working animals for any great time with
out the ordinary quantity of corn and fodder
at the same time, as they will weaken the
animal by sweating and soonring. I have also
been iuformed that green rye will not answer
alone, it not being sufficiently nutritious to
sustain them during hard labor, and is liable to
weaken by sweating and purging.
It is believed, from the writers experience
and observation, (and this opinion has been
abundantly confirmed by some of the best
farmers in this portion of Georgia) that green
barley in the spring of the year is the best food
for horses known in this country, when com
bined with a small quantity of corn and fodder
or cut oats. Horses kept stabled and well
attended to otherwise, will fatten faster on an
abundance of green barley, a little meal and
cut oats, than upon any other combination of
food knewn in this country. This is a matter
of experience alone, independent of ch smical
analysis.. Whether the elementary principles
which exist in fat are superabundant in green
barley, the writer has had no means of deter
mining, not being prepared to analyze the
article.
The rule to be observed in feeding working
animals, or those to be fattened, is to keep
them well salted, give a little dry food, and
then give them as much barley as they can
consu te, which is no small quantity, as they
are exceedingly fond of it, preferring it to all
other kinds of food.
Green barley is also an excellent food for
mileh cows, sheep and hogs, fattening the lat
ter also equal to corn. There ia very little
doubt that a luxuriant pasturage of barley
will keep bogs in better health and order than
all the corn that is commonly spared by far
mers for hog feeding. As barley is of a very
exuberant growth, small fields from five to
ten acres of it could be cultivated with but
little expense for this purpose, and thereby
save the trouble and expense of feeding hogs
on corn during the winter and spring : up to
the first of April; they may then be taken
off and the barley will seed, and make a fine
yield if the ground i« well manured. Aftei
savi ig sufficiency for seed the hogs may again
be turned on the pasture; aud the writer af
firms, without, jest, that of all the grain that
be has yet tried, barley seed will make a poor
hog cnrl his tail the soonest. But bo careful
to keep other stock from the pasture, ai.er the ,
•n to * et dry, as the long beards
will make the mouth sore, and v leo lodje in the
throat and produce a bad cough. This does
not occur with the hog, he masticates the dry
heads with impunity. It may be understood
then, that dry barley, before it is threshed out,
does not answer for the horse or cow. But
after the heads are well beaten and broken with
the tail, so that the mouth and throat will not
sustain injurv by the beards, a bushel of barley
is said to be superior to the same quantity of
corn lor any kind of stock.
To every farmer at the south who has net
yet cultivated barley, I would say, fail not to
make the following experiment the ooming fall
Lay off a lot one acre and a fourth in extent,
haul out a sufficient quantity of stable manure,
ashes, rotten cotton seed, either or all com
bined, to cover the whole surface, so that there
will be no mistake about its being rich, for if it
i« not rich it will not answer for barley. Then
use a subsoil plough, long coulter, or some
long plough if neither of the first are at band.
After breaking op once or twice thoroughly
when the ground is in good order, sow from 1
to 3 bushels of barley, as regularly as possible
and plow or barrow in, and without a remark
able accident, the writer vouches, that there
will be no acre on tbe farm that will make so
profitable a yield.
Nothing larger than small pigs should be al
lowed to run on the lot, as treading will pre
vent the luxuriant growth of barley. Assoon
after Christmas as it gets high enough to cat
with a reaping hook or mowing scythe, it is
ready to commence upon, and by the time
you have out over yonr lot it is ready to cut
over again, and so on for several times. After
it gets high it may be cut with the cradle. It
should be cut regolarly at each time, as any
that may be left will go to seed, and probably
be gathered at the next cutting and injure the
horses’ mouths. One fifth of the lot should be
reserved without cutting for seed.
If farmers who have from len to twenty
work animals would prepare and sow three
lots of this soit, successively on the first of
September, October and November, theyoould
have a continued supply of the best and
healthiest food for their stock throughout the
spring. But let me repeat to any farmer who
may chance to come short in corn, that barley
cultivated successfully is a perfect substitute
for this staff of life, so far as specified in the
remarks.
I forgot to mention at the proper place that
cow-penning is an excellent way of preparing
these lots, if thoroughly done.
Respectfully, A. C. Rogers.
Woodlawn, Crawford Co., Ga., Aug 1,1846.
From the N. O. Picayune.
Tlx* New York Slave Decision.
The decision of Judge Conkling, in the fugi
five slave case at Buffalo, is much discussed in
the papers, and very generally with an errone
ousstatemsnt of 'he conclusions of the argu
ment and the effect of the dacision With
some it is pronounced to be a positive nullifies
tion of the law as to all fugitives who escaped
from their masters before the date of its passage,
Sept. 18, 1850; and out of that statement a
great sensation hns very naturally been produ
ced at the South. That construction is so
variant from the universal understanding of
the intent of the law, and the manner in wh ch
it has heretofore been received and administer
ed, that it would be impossible for Southern
men to remain quiet, and not to demand declar
atory acts or positive amendments to fix the
construction upon the right basis. We should
thus have this most agitating of questions re
opened for debate in the next Congress, by
the action of the South itself; and it is impos
sible to foresee to what excitements this might
not lead, from the attempts of the Free Soiiers
to improve the opportunity of mischief, by in
troducing other amendments to make the law
less effective. We do not apprehend that any
action can be had in the next Congress by
which the law will be weakened; and we are
confident that any defect of form which mav
have led to a construc.ion different from the
acknowledged intent with which it was passed,
will be repaired; but the revival of debate on
such an exciting subject must necessarily have
an irritating effect, and quicken into activity
again passions and controversies which had
nearly subsided into quiet.
It is fortunate, therefore, that there is no such
case of necessity made by Judge Conkling for
congressional interference and that the decision
which he did make, falling very far short of
what is represented, is not final; and that
sound lawyers contend that it will not be sus
tained as law by the Supreme Court of the
United States. It is not definitely law until
fully sustained there, and the Northern press
affirms that the decision will be taken up for
review in that august tribunal. We are not
told how the case is to be made—seeing that the
negro has already been < ischarged, and has
taken his flight to Canada ; but the interest of
the point is so grave, that we doubt not some
means can be found for obtaining a judgment
from the court of last resort.
It is important, however, to understand the
rest point of the decison, and the real conse
quences of the construction, if established.
The effect of the decision is not to defeat the
retrospective effect of the act of 1850, or to
discharge the fugitives who escaped before that
date from liability to recapture. Every fugi
tive, no matter at what date he may have esca
ped, whether before or after its passage, is
made by the express letter of the law liable to
be reclaimed and surrendered, on proof of his
condition and the title of the claimant. But
there are in the law two forms of proceediog
to make these proofs. We have already stated
in this paper the difference between them.
The first mode is prescribed in the sixth sec
tion, and Judge Conkling says of it. it is mani
fest that Congress “intended to provide for
cases of prior as well as subsequent escape.”
It provides for the arrest of a fugitive, and the
taking of proof at the place of arrest, to show
the title of the claimant and the identity of the
fugitive. Another section, which is the one
Judge Conkling reviewed, authorizes the
proofs of title and escape to be made in the
Slate from which the slave fled, and the record
to be nsed as testimony in the State in which he
was arrested ; but as there are no words in the
law creating a retrospective effect, the judge says
that the privilege of making these proofs in
this form belongs only to claimants in cases
arising alter the act was passed.
The law then, as expounded by Judge
Conkling, is this: Fugitives may bo recaptured
and must be surrendered, no matter what the
date of their escape may be, proof being made
pursuant to the act. before the tribunal where
the slave is arrested.
If the slave escaped after the passage of the
law, the claimant instead of bringing his papers
and witnesses into court, may produce certain
record proofs taken in the slave Sia'e, which
shall be received as conclusive.
The effect of his decision is to exclude, in
oases arising before the act, the benefit of the
record proofs allowed by the tenth section, and
campe 1 the claimant to establish his titles as di
rected in the sixth section.
This, it is evident, is by no means a denial of
the retrospective character of the act as ieso,
or a discharge of fugitives of any date from
liability to recapture It has a muen narrower
scope, denying the retrospective effect of the
privilege granted in the new law, of making
proofs in a special and summary way.
There is no c institutional point raised upon
the character of the clause as ex post facto.
Judge Conkling does not pretend that Con
gress could not make the effect of this ciause
retrospective—only that it did not. The
sixth section expressly regulates the proofs as to
fagitives who havo “heretofore” escaped—that
is, before the passage of the act. The
tenth section defines as to those who “shall
escape,” omitting the mention of those that may
have “heretofore” escaped. Tne first is recog
nized to be valid as to the older cases because
it contains a retrospective clause; the second is
decided to be not valid as to these cases, because
1 the words are omitted. It is not the compe
tency of Congress to gives retrospective effect
that is disputed, but their intent not to give It,
which is asserted as deducib'e from the text.
No argument is therefore necessary in this case
to show that the ex post facto prohibition relates
only to penal and criminal proceedings, and
not to civil proceedings affecting rights of
property, or political rights. No such point
was raised. Indeed, the only point raised is
on the intent of Congress in the framing of this
section. The absence of tbe words giving a
retrospective action in one section, with their
presence in another, is oonstrued as signifying
B purpose to make the distinction.
The soundness of this conclusion is disputed
*g mimi r?
by many; and the confident opinion ia ex
pressed by many that the tenth section is the
true legal construction—being in the nature of
a remedial act for the enforcement of an ac
knowledged right—to be administered so as to
advance the legal end, on the equitable principle
that remedies for acknowledged wrongs are not
subject to the limitations of penal statutes. If
this be true, the Supreme Court will rectify
error of principle, although it cannot repair
the wrong done to the individual, who has
in this case been deprived of his property
by a mistaken judge. If it be not so, there is
an evident defect in the law, which Congress
ought to hasten to correct according to the
well understood meaning with which it was
passed ; and we will not doubt that the remedy
will be applied.
Chronicle anil Smtmel.
AUGUSTA, GA
WEDNESDAY MORMHIG,;.... OCT. 1.
SAMUEL, BARNETT, Associate Editor*
Constitutional Union Nomination*
FOR GOVERNOR.
HON. HOWELL COBB.
For Representative from Bth District t
HON. ROBERT TOOMBS.
CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION.
Fibsv Dist —CHARLES H. HOPKINS,
of Mclntosh..
Second District.— J AM E S JOHNSON,
of Muscogee.
Third Dist. —ABSALOM H. CHAPPELL,
of Bibb.
Fourth District.— CHAßLES MURPHY,
of DeKalb.
Fifth District.— E. W. CHASTAIN,
of Gilmer.
Sixth District.— J UNIUS HIL LYER,
of Walton.
Seventh District.—A. H. STEPHENS,
of Taliaferro.
Eighth District.— RO B E RT TOOMBS,
of Wilkes.
For Senator from Riehmond and Co
lumbia.
ANDREW J. MILLER.
For Rei resentatives from Richmond:
JOHN MILLEDGE,
ALEXANDER C. WALKER.
To the Polls.-To the Polls,
As wo shall not again h&ve au opportunity
to speak to the great mass of oar readers prior
to the election on Monday next, we avail our
selves of the occasion to address to our friend#
a few words to urge them to the discharge of
their highsnd responsible duties as Georgians,
Americans and Freemen, who desire to per
petuate Liberty, the Constitution, and ihe
Union.
The time for argument and the discussion of
the great principles involved in the contes. have
now passed, and nothing remains to be per
formed but to exercise the highest and noblest
privilege of a Freeman—the elective franchise.
That should be performed with an eye single
to the great interests of the country, the j
whole country, and the preservation of the
sacred institutions of our fathers. No per- j
sonai considerations, however high, no ties :
however close, whether of personal friendship
or consanguinity, should influence any utan’e
vote in a contest like this. Every man who
is influenced by principle should so cast his
vote as to carry out his principles, and under
no circumstances vote for one opposed to him
If you are a friend of the Union support
the Union candidates, and repudiate the stan
dard bearers of the disuniouists. This is your
duty to yourselves, your principles, and your
country, and if you fail to discharge it, you
are culpable—you trifle with your privileges,
your liberties and the great principles involv
ed in this contest. No man is fit to represent
you, if you are influenced by principles, who
will not carry oat those principles, and you
should not vote for him whatever your rela
tions or ties.
Thus much in reference to your duty ia this
particular. Let us now invoke you not to neg
lect to cast your votes. You are contending
with a vigilant wily adversary, whose studious. •
ly concealed purpose is the dissolution of the
Union of these States, and the establishment
of a petty Southern Confederacy, and you
should not only vote yourselves, but see that
your neighbors and friends also discharge
their duties.
Go then to the polls—urge your friends to
do likewise, and unite in a common effort not
only to preserve your Liberties, the Constitu
tion and the Union, but to put down the agita*
tors and Disuniouists, whose highest ambition
and secret purpose are to destroy all,
Unusual Phenomenon, —List evening there vraji
a display of the Aurora Borealis, of a brilliancy and
duration very unusual, if not unprecedented, in th s
1 titude. A rich flush of light of various shades
from a pale green at the horizon to a glowing crim*
son at its upper edge, covered more than half the
Northern sky, and was so vivid as to produce a gene -
ral impression that it was produced bv a condign
tion in the neighborhood. This extraordinary visit
of the Aurora was continued until a late hoar of the
night, and if the exhibition was of a cerre spindifljr
brilliancy in regions further North, i: will afford a. 1
rich theme for scientific discussion, — Ch. Mercury^
The phenomena was witueased in this cit y,
and was the most brilliant overseen.
[communicated.]
The Constitutionalist is very particular in de
nying that Governor McDonald ever charged '
Judge Berrien with being bribed, to vote for any
bill in the Senate, &c. Will the Constitutional
ist deny, that Governor McDonald in his letter
of the 26th July, 1851, to the Charleston Com
mittee denounced the Texas cession act as the
“biibery act l" And will the Constitutionalist
deny that J udge Berrien voted for that act 1
That is the question. Let the Constitutionalist
answer, it. No dodging. Bubke
Balanced Account,— The deficit in the
account of the late Cashier of the Philadel
phia Bank has been adjusted by parties inter
ested in the Trevorton estate, paving to th«
Bank $89,000 in cash, and by the’ Bank’s ac
ceptance of Trevorton bon ‘s to cover the re
maining SIOO,OOO of the abstracted sum-
Marking Newspapers.— The Post Master
General has decided that it is lawful for pub
lishers of newspapers, or others, “to draw 11
mam over an advertisement for the puroosei
directing attention to it.” This decision h is
been given in reply t 0 a communication f ro m
the Chamber of Commerce, informing t he
Post Master General that some postmast! ,re
had so construed the existing law as to subii jet
newspapers containing advertisements tfe
marked to letter postage.—Utica Gazette.
Death of Gen. McCLURE.-This offi, Ber
distinguished during 1843 by his conflagratf ,on
of the towns of Niagara, of Lewiston, Bl aok
Rock and Buffalo, aud who commandei 1 a
brigade of the American army on the Niagara
rentier, last war, died recently in Illinois '
“State Rights In 183*.*'
There is no ambiguity in the resolutions of
the State Rights party, passed ia Milledgeviile
in Nov. 1833. As that meeting denied a par* i
ticular proposition of the proclamation of
Gen. Jackson, it affirmed the convene to be
true. We gave in our former article the pro
per and logical converse. To deny this, is to
make an attack not upon us, but upon the
principles of logic and common sense. *
The denial in the proclamation of the right
of secession “an der any cironmstances what
ever”—is equivalent to the affirmation that i
“there are circumstances in which the State
would have the light to secede.” We admit
it. We believe there an circumstances which
wooldjustify it—and that, notwithstanding the
unity of the nation would ba thereby destroy
ed. The Constitutionalist does not state the
logical converse of the proposition. Omitting
the words “there are circumttancet under
which the State would have the right”—it as
serts the broad, general, and unqualified pro
position, that “ttie State has a right to secede,
notwithstanding it will destroy the unity of the
nation,”
If it meant the State hud this right always
and under all circumstances whatever, no
principle of correct reasoning will sustain the
deduction. If it meant only what wo admit
ted, why did it attack our admission ? The
truth is, it meant the former, and has run a
tilt against well established rules of reasoning.
That the right to secede at all would not
exist, unless the States were sovereign, is very
obvious Tha naked assertion of “the right
to secede by virtue of sovereignty,” however,
is intended to mislead, by inducing the belief
that nothing else besides “sovereignty” is
necessary to confer the right. A sovereign
State has, under proper circumstances, the
right to secede—while a county, because it
lacks sovereignty has not ths right. Sovereign*
ty is necessary to secession, but does not, of
itself aioue, c infer the right of secession. His
office confers on an officer of the law, the
right to hang r.. human being—under certain
circumstance:, however, and not at his own
discretion, liis office is necessary to protect
him from guilt—but he may not by virme of
his office hang whom he pleases, aud when he
pleases. The proposition is true when pro
perly qualified—-untrue in the sense in which
the Constitutionalist would have it under
stood.
From our denial of its 9th and 10th propo
sitions, the Constitutionalist infers that we
hold secession not to be a peaceable right.
YVe will take the pains to explain with some
precision, the correct view of this subject.
YVe stated ia a former article that we would
comment on any attempt to mystify it.
Secession for just cause is, (or at least
ought to be,) & peaceable right. It gives the re.
maining States no right to make war. If they
do make wa', notwithstanding this, their pro
cedure is unjust and tyrannical.
Secession without just cause, is not a ptacea
| ble right, in other words, it is an act furnishing
; to the remaining States the legal right to make
: war. Still they are not under obligations to
make war—considerations of policy—of kind
feeling—of respect to honest error in the
opinions of the people of the seceding Slate—
many considerations may restrain them from
the exercise of a clear political right.
Wherein then do we differ from the Consti
tutionalist?
Ist. In our opinion, as to the occasion au
thorizing secession. It believes that a State
can secede ‘ by virtue of its sovereignty”—
and adds no condition. We believe that there
are circumstances in which the State has the
right to secede—and that there are others in
which it his not the right, and subjects itself
by secsssion to war. Mr. Calhoun, Gov.
Troup, the most distinguished State Rights
men, believed the seceding State responsible
for secession.
i 2d. It is possible it may hold the same
opinion with Gov. McDonald, as to the right
of the other States to judge of their course in
- the controversy, i. e , it may deny them any
such right. We hold this denial to ba simply
absurd. It denies to the Constitution even
. the effect of an ordinary treaty. The beliet of
such a doctrine arises from the most inade
quate and puerile notions of the most ordina
ry laws which regulate the intercourse of na
tions.
Tne party which censured the proclamation
and force bill, held them unconstitutional and
void. Violations of the constitution we iao
bold to famish just ground of secession—and
opposition to secession on such ground to be
“a glaring infraction of State Rights, and a
gross outrage upon the liberties of the people.”
Suppose a citizen of the Sandwich Islands,
in a controversy with France, to hold not
merely that France was unjust in making war
upon an insufficient ground—but to go farther
and assert that France had no right to judge of
occasions of war. Such an Islander might say
that the equal right of France being admitted,
tiiere was no longer any safe guard for the
liberties of the Sandwioh Islands. The equal
right to judge on the part of France, would
not thereby be destroyed, however.
In reply to the epithets, “muddy and ob
, scure” applied to our reasoning by the Con
stitutionalist, we had perhaps, better say noth
ing. The subject is an abstract and abstrue
one. There may have been reasons for its
failing to soe to the bottom of it, other than the
muddiness and obscurity of the medium
through which it looked.
The handsome allusion to its own monumeu
tal position—a standing rebuke to apostates
has in it but too much truth (of a Pickwickian
sort.) Judging from the specimens our co
lumns have recently afforded of its total and
final apostacy from its former favorite doc
trines, it does stand a melancholy rebuke to
political apostates—detected, ezposod, and on
most points, Speechless.
Correspondence of the Chronicle Sentinel.
Things in Philadelphia.
Philadelphia, Sept. 27th, 1851.
This morning the Court of Common Pleas
| refused to grant an injunction to prevent the
re-interment of the remaias of Girard. Mr.
i Dallas, in behalf of the heirs, made a most
able argument, but the eourt said that oireum
■tancea did not warrant the granting of a
special injunction— “a strong arm of the law,
t to be used only when demanded by an impor
t tant exigency to prevent the perpetration of a
i wrong.” This decision will not, however,
prevent farther proceedings in the matter.
when the right tonJ|> osafehjlhta# t ra a?W
will be called in question. The case is a novel
one, and has no precedent in the anna's of
common law. The principal objection ufgsd
by the heirs to the place selected by the citv
for a final resting place, is, that it ia not conse
cratedground The whole family being cath
olics, this ia a matter of religions belief with
them, and cannot well bo compromisad as
regards the college grounds, for Girard, by his
will, forbade the entrance of a clergyman. Os
coarse this would prevent the pro ence of a
Bishop were it proposed to make the new
grave a fit resting place for a catholic
For the benefit of those whom it may con
cern in your region, I may say that the style of
wearing mumcnios has recently been altered.
Now the ends are made >o point upwards like
the herns of a cow. Formerly they pointed
the other way, giving a most lugubrious ex
pression to the countenance. You are assur
ed that this change has the sanction of the
highest authority.
The Rev. Dr. Creighton was yesterday
elected provisional Bishop ofNew York. The
revenues of the convention beyond $2500, are
appropriated to the payment of his salary.
He has not yet accepted the office but there is
very little prospect o' a refusal. From his
speech after the ballot which elected him, one
would suppose him to be a man who has
“honors thrust upon him.”
The Pacific sailed to-day with $500,000;
less than was expected. The Baltic will arrive
to day or to-morrow.
The Rev. >lr. Corsuch has written anolhar
letter, in which he says ho has no reason to
retract anything said in the first, except the
remark in regard to the District Attorney of
Lancaster county. His duty he supposed to :
be similar to that of the same officer in Md.
As far Gov. Johnston, he has nothing to re
tract. On the contrary, he believes the worst
was not told. He repels the charge of having
written for political effect since his father was
a Whig, aua he himself is inclined to the same
party. Spxotatok.
The Canvass In Greene
Near Pknfisld, Sept. 27, 1851.
Messrs. Editors Hero I am near Pen"
field, in a pleasant grove around the sprim- , ui.
lam informed of Prof. Crawford, and have
spent an agreeable day. 1 came here to hear
the most remarkable man of the age, in my
judgment, “a. least in all these par s,” speak
on public matters. Well, 1 have heard him.
His opponent was present, a worthy gentle
men, who was unable to enter in person into
the discussion, but substituted W. J. Vason,
Esqr., who said he was a native ol “Old
Green” —had resided in New Orleans—had
been a citizen of California, &c. He is a
gentleman of considerable acquirements and a
public speaker. 1 bad not seen Mr, Stephens for
sometime. He and bis opponent have been speak
ing throughout the District, almost daily. His op
ponent has to engage a substitute, being “worn
down and really when I reached the ground and
saw Mr. Stephens, I thought he certainly could not
engage in the discussion, but the hour arrived, the
anangements announced, and Alexander H. Ste
phens opened the discussion in a speech of one hour,
in which, he condensed with a power and an elo
quence which few men 1 ever heard or saw could
equal. Although pale and apparently scarcely able:
to rise, his eye was bright, and his voice was heard
throughout the respectful and respectable assembly
of several hundred gentlemen and la lies. He
stated his propositions with the utmost clearness,
called on his opponent to meet to expose
them if they were wrong ; told him tie JSfied him to
successfully controvert them. I could state his
every point, and sure I am, that numbers of his
hearers could do so, for he was as clear as a sun
beam, and no voter left the discussion who did not
fully understand him. He satisfied every one who
was not prejudiced, of the duty of every Georgian
to acquiesce in the Compromise and
maintained with irresistable power, that the people
of the South could not only honorably ecquie e, but
justly.
Mr. Stephens’ hour having aspired, Mr. Vason
rose, and spoke two hours and a quarter, overtiming
his time three quarters of an hour. Mr. Vason’s
voice and manner are good, but he was not argu
mentative He did not meet the issues—the propo
sitions to fairly, so fully and so unmistakably pre
sented by Mr. Stephens. Every body saw it, and
observed it, and the people of “Old Greene,” who
were present were satisfied that neither Mr. Vason,
nor any other man, could have successfully met Mr,
Stephens’ arguments; tbit was the reason Mr.
Vason avoided it. I like to hear such a man as
Mr. Stephens speak, he is bold, honest and meets
every argument. Mr. Vason employed himself
in giving a diecriptionof California, its latitude and
longitude, extent of sea coast, gold mines, popula
tion, condition and its character, the price of labor,
the description of the various laces and nations
found there, the influence of T. Butler King, &c.
Closed on the right of secession ; maintaining that
right to the exieni claimed by South Carolina, and
called upon the ladies to oppose Howell Cobb be
cause he denied the right, and if they should unfor
tunately find their happiness diminished by the con
duct of their husbands, Mr, Cobb would not allow
them to seperate, but Mr. McDonald would. Make
your husbands, your brothers and your beaux, vote
lor McDonald.
Mr. Stephens rose, evidently excited by some per
sonal remaks of Mr. Vason, and he looked as if he
was six feet six inches high, his eyes flashing, and
bis voice as distinct and keen as a rifle ; and I
assure you that Mr. Vason’s declarations and reply,
were eoon riddled, tattered and thrown to the winds.
And the powers of Mr. Stephens and his replies to
the remarks of Mr. Vason, were so withering and
keen, the crowd thought Mr. Vason would have been
much more comfortable even in California. He
handled Mr. Vason so handsomely, that I saw seve
ral cf Mr. Stephens’ political opponents unite in the
involuntary applause that burst from the people. It
was a scene not to be forgotten by those who saw and
heard it. Mr. S. told the ladies to examine Mr. V’s.
illustration of secession by the marriage contract.
He said Mr. V. said McDonald was in favor of
secession without a cause —Cobb was in favor of
secession when there was a goed cause. And says
Mr. Stephens, suppose your husband, without
cause desires to seperate from you, thinking he
could make himself more comfortable by leaving
ycu and your children and forming another connec
tion, dj you think it would bo right for him to do
so 1 and that you would have to submit and have
not u word to say 1 My opinion was, he should at
least be “tied up and talked to.” But Mr. Stephens
turned this illustration on its author so admirably
as to excite the whole meeting, male and female, into
the most rapturous applause, and some one asked if
Mr. V. was a married man. Tho reply was no.
Many voices cried out, Never marry, if that is your
sentiment. Huzza for Howell Cobb, and if you can
find no greater objection than that every body ought
to vote lor him.
I shall not pretend to repeat after Mr. Stephens,
it cannot be done —his powers—his manner—and
his peculiar intonations, produce ihe most remark
able effect?. I declare to you, the zeal and feeling
displayed for him to-day, seemed to be the result of
a sincere conviction on the part of the people, that no
man was truer, honester or greater, than Alexander
H. Stephens. I could but admire and respect the
deep affection the people have for the man, and it
was delightful to see the kind and pleasant feelings
which exist between him and Mr. Lewis, his oppo
nent and intimate friend. Mr. Vason, 1 understand,
after battling with Mr. S. all day, goes home with
Mr Stephens to-night, notwithstanding the severity
ot his remarks and replies, and withering sarcasm.
Mr. Vascn, like all generous men, can but admire
talent, genius, firmness, manliness, and said in
his speech to-day, if one of his partv oould not be
elected Senator in Congress, he would prefer Mr.
Stephens to any man in tho State. To which Mr.
Stephens replied i 1 shall never be a Senator in Con
gress, the only offices I look upon as worthy of my
aspirations are those which are given direotly by the
people. I have no idea that I will ever be even a
candidate for Senaior. I amsure I never shall be.
Yon have hesrd that Old Groene was going with
the Southern Rights perty as they call themselves—
bye the bye, a name badly applied-this is a mistake.
She will go for the Constitution the Union, and the
rights of the South, by sustaining the candidates of
tho Constitutional Union party by an overwhelming
majonty and no mistake. Both the old parties,
Whig and. Democratic, are there acting—yea there
are old political opponents patriotically moving aide
by side. Ilia pleasant to see, especially the oldest,
safest and wisest of both parties leading in this con
troversy—the young men reepeotfuily aiding. I
have been in eorne sections of the State since 1 saw
you, and have made a general inquiry as to the re
ion is, the majority will exceed ten thousand. MM
belief ia from all the information 1 have obtained,
it will be neare-twenty thousand. Mark the pre
diction I will be in Augusta in a few days. Res
pectfully, A.
Louisiana. —The editor of the Alexandria
(Rapides) Democrat is informed by the resi
dent physician on the plantations ot Meredith
Calhoun, that the number of deaths by the re
cent visitation of the cholera on those planta
tions were whites (Dr. Martin and John
W. Mulkey) and sixty seven slaves.
Mr. Thrasher, owner of the ‘Faro Indus,
trial,’ tbejmost sucoessfulinewspaper in Havana,
which was suppressed lately by a police officer,
backed hy fivo men wiih muskets, is an Amer
ican who has mastered the Sj. snish language
completely. Tho paper never published any
thing against the Government; in fact it could
not publish any thing, for the censorship is so
rigid that ail articles are seen in print before
the puper appears. No reason was assigned
tor stopping the press, nor was the proprietor
allowed even a copy of tho order of the Go
vernor General. Mr. Thrasher was instantly
and suddenly deprived of his property without
a why or wherefore. So says the Baltimore
Sus .
From tho New Orleans Picayune.
Later from Texas.
By the arrival last evening of the steamship
Mexico, Capt. Place, we have received Gal
veston papers to the 19th instant, with corres
ponding late nates from other portions of the
State.
The Western Texan s ates that Captain
Wallace’s company of Rangers is to bo mua
: tered out of service on the 23d inst.
The Chief Justice of Bexar county has post
ed up notices in San Antonio, says ihe Ledger,
giving notice that tho laws of the State relative
to free negroes and slaves shall bo rigorously
enforced. These laws forbid free negroes re
maining in the State, and prescribe tbe penal
ties for a violation of the same, and also forbid
slaves hiring their own rime, or irs any way to
act and deal as a free person.
The Galveston Journal of the 19th inst. has
the following in relation to the crops:
The accounts given of the Texas crops have been
often contradictory. The truth appears to be that
the long drought this year has operated very capri
ciously ani unequally upon our planters. In the
same neighborhood, and within a distance of a few
mi es, we often hear of some very fair crops, and of
others that have been nearly ruined. As a general
rule, the corn crop of the country is exceedingly
short, though we trust very few of our farmers will
have to buy 5 but it is quite certain that, very few
will have to sell. There can now bo no doubt that
the cotton crop is also generally quite short; some
say it will average very little ever half a fair crop.
However, there has been a much larger amount
planted in cotton this year than ever before, and a
well informed merchant, who has just returned from
the country, thinks a larger amount will be shipped
this year than any previous year.
The election returns fr >m 76 counties, re
ported at Austin, exhibit the following as the
result of the elections for State officers:
For Governor—Bell, 11,364; Johnson, 5,168;
Greer 3,788; Chambers 1,983; Epperson 1,960.
For Lieut. Governor—Henderson 7,516; Ward
6,483; Keenan 4,723; Gillett 1,575.
Associate Justices—Wheeler 14,190; Lipscomn
10,378; Webb 8,063.
Commissioner—Crosby 14,292; Ward 6,073.
The vote for Congress in Galveston District,
so far as rotnrns have been received at Austin
by the last accounts, stand as follows: Howard
5,334; McLeod 2,346; Lewis 2,127; Potter
1,112 —twelve counties to be heard from,
i The Galveston News says that the men re
cently assembled at St. Joseph’s Island and
other points west, to join the Cuba expedition,
had not dispersed at the last accounts There
are many old Rangers among them, to whom
the prospect ol entire peace presents few
attractions and it is to be apprehended that
they may seek in Mexico the ocoupation from
which they have been cat off in Cuba.
The Huntsville Presbyterian has a short
correspondence between Gen. Sam Houston
and a number of citizens of Huntsvi'le, the
purport of which is an invitation of the former
to address the people of Huntsville on the
question of the perpetuity of the Union. Gen.
Houston accepts the invitation, naming Mon
day, the first day of the District Court in
Huntsville, as the time he would deliver the
address.
The editor of the Western Star, published in
Lamar county, says he has seen a few ears of
corn raised in that county, one of which
measured 13 inches in length, and 8| inches in
circumference, containing 1,063 grains. He
says that Col. Holman, by whom the corn was
raised, has a field of ten acres, of which the
above is a fair sample.
The strong easterly winds which have pre
vailed at Galveston, has raised the water in the
bay and caused a partial overflow. No damage
has, however, been done, and as yet the only
evil is the temporary inconvenience.
Fins!—About 10 o’clock Wednesday night,
we were aroused from sleep by the ringing of
bells; and soon the startling ory of “ fire,”
was proclaimed in every direction. It proved
to be the large old wooden Warehouses, on
the bank of the river, and the amount of com
bustible material, connected with floors satu
rated with grease, from the storing of bacon
for years, produced a terrific blaze. Fortu
nately, the wind was blowing in a favorable
direction, or other buildings would have been
fired.
There was in the Warehouse about one
hundred barrels of Salt, belonging to Thos. L.
Preaton, in care of Capt. Long. Mr C. O.
Boyles, also, lost about one hundred dollars
worth of goods. It is not known how the fire
originated, but it is supposed to have been the
work of an incendiary.— Chattanooga Gazette.
rmv ■' 11 “Jg
Special -Notices.
|3= Dr. W. W. Broadhurst respectfully
tenders his Professional Services to the citizens of
Augusta. His office is at Dr. Paul F. Eve’s house,
where he may be found day or night. 01-dly
JjySymmes’a Seminary will be re-opened
on Monday , ‘etober 6. e3O-4t
Oglethorpe Infantry Loan Asso
ciation.
s3* The first regular monthly Meeting of the
Association will be held at the Drill Room TO
MORROW (Wednesday) EVENING, at7 o’clock.
Members will come prepared to pay their monthly
Instalment. L. L. ANTONY, Sec.
Augusta, ?ept29,1851. s3O-2t
NOTICE.
YJr Lioensed Retailers of Spirituous Liquors,
and Owners of Drays, will tako notice that their
Licenses expire on tho first day of October next.
They are required to renew tbe sumo, under the
penalties ol the Ordinances regulating the Retailing
of Spirituous Liquors, and Running of Drays.
a'23-twtOl I . L. ANTONY, (Jl’g. Council.
GEORGIA HOME GAZETTE.
£3r Subscriptions to this new Literary and
Family Journal, published weekly io this city, will
be received at any of our Book Stores. The regu
lar publication day will be Monday.
The “Gazbttr” will be a paper of tho larger
class, printed on the finest paper, and containing
more reading matter than tho Horae Journal of New
York. The first number will be issued during the
present|month. sl9-d«fetw2w
HATS, HATS. HATS.
FALL STYLE FOR 1851.
■ J3r IT you wish to look at some of the «
finest HATS in the United States, just oall <■»
n at J. TAYLOR. J*., & CO.’S, and examine thair
Fall Styleß for 1860. Near the Poet Ofltoe corner,
•alfi