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(Tri-tUcchln Chronicle & Sentinel r»Y WILLIAM S. JONES (jUironicU and Sentinel. AUGUSTA, GA t THURSDAY MORNING, OCT. 23. Comments Extraordinary, The Conetitutionalist Sf Republic, of the 10th inst., in commenting npon the defeat of the Southern Rights party in Georgia, uses language, which we doubt not, has excited the astonishment of its readers of all political parties. The startling assertions and insinu ation? made in that article will awaken many minds to the character of that devotion to Southern Rights, possessed by many who glory in the name, and arouse the indignation of thousands of true sons of the South who possess no slaves, bat would hazard their lives in defence of the institution of slavery. The extraordinary and startling assertion is made by the editor that there exists in Gsor gia “every considerable anti slavery party.” This is not a hasty statement made in his wrath, and the mere effervescence of disappointment at the result of the election. The election of Mr. Cobb by a majority of 18,000 votes, (about one-fifth of the entire number of votes is coolly cited as furnishing “decisive titxdtnec" of the existence of soch a party-” The extent and power of that element (the “anti-slavery party'’ in our midst) we believe, saye, the Constitutionalist 8f Republic, “has been generally underrated. We have never fallen into that error, and therefore, giving it dm consideration. were prepared to see Mr. Co** triumphing by its aid overtnvevmbera Rights cause and the principles of State sovereignty.” This is a most deliberate accusation of a very large number of the citizens of Georgia. It is made as an accusation founded on “de cisive evidence,” and merely confirmatory of the previous views of the edi.or upon the ex'ent and power of that an.i slavery element in Georgia, which by others was generally un derrated. The extraordinary assertion thus deliberate ly put forth, is supported by an argument which does no less injustice to thousands of the good citizens of Georgia. The cause of Mr. Cobb’s triumphant eleetion is not distantly hinted at. but plainly attributed to “the jeal ousies of the poor, who owned no slaves, against the rich slaveholder.” “ The interests of slavery on the one side and the “ourious Unkn” on the ether, though the Union was in fact in oo drrger, have been artfully arrayed before the eyes ol the masses i cho own no slaves , end they have beea appealed to, ti choose the one witn the attendant horrors of disunion and civil war, or adhere to the other with its concomitant of peace and prosperity. When it is considered that out of One Hundred Thousand voters in Georgia, there are but about Twenty Thousand slavehold ers, the result will create less turprixt We are at a lo s to conceive of the motive which could have led to these insinuations. An indefinite number—certainly large, for the majority of Mr. Cobb is large—of the voters of Georgia, embraced within the number of the Union men who are not slavehol iers, are charged with being elements of an anti slavery party. To show the groundwork in fact of the charge, we may mention that of the 30 Counties containing the largest slave popula tion in Georgia, 25 gave majorities to Mr. Cobb. Is not this comment enough on the justice of thß charge ? But is there in reality any disloyalty to our own institutions in that large class of our population who own no slaves f Far, far from it. When there is such disloyalty, then is slavery indeed a “ doomed institution.” The assertion that such disloyalty exists, does more to strengthen the hands,and enliven the hopes of the abolitionists, than ail the aid they might hope to obtain outside of our own limits. The entire prevalence of the “higher law” at the North, the abolition of the Consti tution, the coalition of Christendom in a crusade against slavery, would give less cheer to their hearts, than the truth so confidently proclaimed by the Constitutionalist Sf Repub lic. Nor it it less true that the non-slaveholders in Georgia have a deep, actual and abiding inter in upholding the institution of slavery, than (hat they feel awake to that interest. Whether they own slaves or not, all of their feelings and sympathies are with the South* and their interest too, as indissolubly connec ted with it as those of slaveholders themselves. Have they no interest in the horrors which abolitionism would introduce into their own families ? If the South be indeed endangered by the prospect of insurrection, have they no interest in that f If slavery be restrained and cramped within two narrow limits, do they and theirs escape its convulsions 1 Do not most of them anticipate the holding of slaves as their own property, as the consummation of their hopes of prosperity ? Is not the pros perity of the South, their prosperity! its adver* sity, their adversity f Away with the idea that the interests of slaveholders and non-slaveholders in thd South are not identical. They are so in fact, and in the feeling of all classes. The assertion of the Constitutionalist, that the disproportion in the numbers of slaveholders and non-slaveholders, in Georgia, furnishes a consideration which will diminish surprise at Mr. Cobb’s election, involves the assertion that there is e felt diife renee in interest between them. We suppose the extraordinary assertion will be backed by no paptr or papers in Georgia. Convince the abolition party of this, and tbeir zeal will be renewed by hope. “The Hon. W«. H Seward will plume himself” upon this new and more efficient mode of attack upon slave ry. If ths editorial of the Constitutionalist it Republic serves not the purpose of strengthening Jreesoil, and giving it aid and comfort, it is Ut be simply'because freesoil distrusts its correct ness. If made and reiterated by the press of the State, until the fact was considered estab. lished, it woald furnish a hope which no fact in all its horizon new bolds forth to the abolition party. “ A very considerable anti slavery party in our midst 1” In the heart of Georgia, one of the leading Southern States ■. A divided interest, or, what is much the same, an interest, whether divided or identical, felt to be divided. This also in Georgia—in the very midst of slavery. Give these two facte—these mighty weapons —to abolition, and the flame will not burn down for want of fuel. A living hope, a great practical field of operation, a cheering expec tation of auccess, will have become its own. Proclaim to it next, that Georgia holds the doctrine of consolidation that the election of Mr. Cobb is the triumph of consolidation, (which Georgia does not hold, nor the election of Mr. Cobb prove) and then remove all barriers from their path, and you will have completed all the work for abolition which the Constitutionalist has wrought for it. Theeidand comfort it needs, will have bsen furnished, and its heart made ghd. Far be it from us to aid in producing such a conviction in such a quarter. Were it even true, we should at least, in melancholy silence regard the ruin we could not avert. We should not call the attention of our foes to our weak points, and invite aggression by showing the certainty of its success. We should not cry out, “our barriers are ail beaten down, come, and take us." But the charge is no less unfounded tlftkn shocking. In no such attitude as this dees CSworgiw cUud —Tin* (aot bwfwvw- rn»fm mm m J ■ that 25 of the 30 largest slaveho'ding Counties in the State, gave majorities for Mr. Cobb shows in whose bauds the slaveholding por tions of the people considered their institu tions safest. The hearty co operation of those who hold no slaves, shows whether there is a division of interes*, in fact, or feeling. Nor do we charge on those who v ttd tor Gov. McDonald, any disloyalty to slavery. We beliove the missis of th 9 people of Georgia, ot both parties,are and wets united in their object, though divideo in the means of obtain ing it. When they are divided in their attach ment to their own institution, it cannot with stand the assaults of its enemies. Slavery is indeed a“d joined institution” when an anti slavery party exists in the heart of its territory. But no such party exists. The Union par y of Georgia has shown its relation to the insti tution of slavery in its resolutions. On these it triumphed. The result of the triumph is not to show a division in Georgia on the end to be accomplished, the protection of Sou them Rights, but to show extraordinary unanimity on the means of pursuing those rights. It proclaims to all men of all parties at the North the necessity of the purgation of old parties. It proclaims a very different view from ag gression. It is the voice of warning, given not in bravado, but still in earnest. Some of the leal sons of Georgia proclaim ed her degradation in their Convention of May last. They now proclaim her division against herself, what they esteem her weak points, and join in the croakings of the Se wards of tho North. Slavery is stronger than Ci* Union, for all that, if for no other reason, because it cau only be reached by tramplir.g npon the Constitution, which is the bond of the Union. Madam Viztti.— The lovers of 6ong will be pleased to learn that Madam V ietti, the great Prima Donna Contralto of the New York and Havana Opera, assisted by Signors Sanquirico and Avigsone, will visit Augusta to-morrow (Friday) with a view to give one or more Concerts. Madam V. and Signor S are too favorably known, and too highly ap preciated by this community, to require any special commendation at our hands—having so recently and so successfully, while here with the Itallian Opera Troupe last season, ingratiated themselves into public favor. The Havana Consulship.— lt is announced “That Charles C. Lungdou, Esq. of Mobile, has been appointed United States Consul, at Ha vana, vice A. F. Owen, removed. Mr. Langdon contradicts this etatement through the Mobile Advertiser. Soother!) Made Cassimeres. —We take great pleasure in calling the attention of the publio and dealers, to the advertisement of Messrs. Jeffers, Cothran & Co., offering for sale a lot of Cassimeres or Erminetts, made at Rock Island Factory, Mecklenburg county, North Carolina. We have examined these goods and hesitate not to say that, in beauty of finish, softness of texture and brightness and evenness of colors, they equal any similar goods made in this country. We hope oar merchants will call and examine for themselves, the quality and prioee. Messrs. J., C. & Co. are also Agents for the Graniteviile, South Carolina Manufacturing Company. See advertisement. Fine Harness.— Those of our readers who take pleasure in looking at a splendid piece of workmanship in this department of meohanics, should stop in fct the store of Mr. Albert Hatch, and examine a set wh:ch has just been completed, which is designed for exhibi tion at the Macon Fair. Viroinia.— The election for Members of Congress in Virginia, takes place to-day. In some of the Districts the canvass has been animated, especially in Richmond, in which Jno. M. Botts and Judge Caseie are the. Can didates. The Pioneer.— The New steam propeller ship left New York at noon on Saturday for Liverpool, with 24 first cabin passengers, and 136 in the second cabin. This is the first of a new and independent line of Propeller steamships started by Spoffokd, Tilestob A Co., to run between New York and Liver pool. AUGUSTA, GA. FRIDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 24, 1851. t, From the Baltimore rgus. Letar from one or Lopez’s Commanders. The following litter from Captain Robert El is, of Washington, D. C., one of Lopez’s principal officers, to Cap:. J. C. Marriott, of this city, will be read with interest: Havana, Hospital, Sept, ? (I forget the date.) ) My Dear Marriott: I have not much time to writs yon anything by this mail; have only to s<y that we fought one bsttle at the village of"L.s Posas,” with 300 men upon onr side and 800 Spaniards, in which we gave them “a de\il of a thrashing.” They carried off their wounded, but. left 132 dead upon the field. This you will say was a pret y good day’s work for ur.drtlled mad undisciplined men. Our loss was 45 killed and wounded. I got two wounds—one in my hand and one in ths groin: the latter has healed up, and the first is getting much belter. I, being senior cap tain, had “tie right of the bst alion and a pretty hot place it was. Our brave old colo ne 1 , R. L. Downman, was killed while charg ing the enemy; Lieut. Labazan, of my com pany, was killed in the tame charge-* Two captains and two lientenants were left at “Las Posas.” as we bad no transportation for them* The Ilengarian general, Pragsy, was also mor tally wounded and had to be left. We waited at Las Posas twelve hours after tho battle for Col. Crittenden to come up with the baggage and ammunition ; but only 35 got through, bringing the disastrous intelligence of Crittenden’s defeat at Palmyro, about nine miles from Las Posas. On the 17th ws were again attacked at Friez by 100 lancers and 1,000 infantry. We repulsed them with great loss on their pair, and only two men on our side. In a few days came one of thoee hard rains coui moo in the mountains in this country, which continued several days, wailing our w-mu tion guns and everything else. This was a pretty bad position to be in—in the mountains -i5.... u— »«g, <rf procuring it t On the 20th a large body of the enemy, with artillery,attacked ns. We had some thirty or forty guns which would yet “go off,” and a few Spanish cartridges; with these we upset 25 Span ards before their artillery came up. Gen Lopez then ordered a retreat, which be came a total routa. They made many prisoners of oar poor bare footed soldiers, who were immediately shot- Os all swlftrogs ever—ever endured by mortal man, for the nsxt ti ree days, 1 think onrs exceeded. Just think of it! —only one meal of horse flesh daring the whole time. On the 23th I was made a prisoner, and treated very kindly until 1 reached Havana, when we wore chained (sick.and wounded) to gether. Upon an examination being made, 1 and some others were sent to this hospital, where we have every atten'ion, and are treated in the kindest and most gentlemanly manner by the surgeons and students. Os our consul hero I have nothing to say; he came one t to the prison, for some ten min utes, and insultingly told one hundred and tify men, who were in chains, that the pro clamation of the President prevented him from doing any thing for ns. In the hour of need came a friend, like a ministering angel from Heaven Mr. W. Sydney Smith visi.od us every day; he is secretary to the British consul general What a rebuke to our con sul was his conduct! He never came empty handed, nor with mere words of comfort; but clothes, cigars, money, and many other arti cles were brought in abundance. Our consul had refused us Looks or papers: Mr Smith furnished both—American papers at that; so that we could, read with pleasure, the accounts of the meetings, Ac., hold iu the States. God bless that young man, Marriot. The American people should rise upon masse and thank him ! I could fill a dozen sheets in tell iug you of bis generous acts to myself; he has been particularly kind; and if the rules of the hospital would permit it, everything in Ha vana would be at my service. Through his nfluence many American gentlemen, who had before applied in vain, gained admittance to see us. They, with Mr. Smith, raised $1,700 for the relief of those sent to Spain. Otir counsel here is a scoundrel! Mr. J. 8. Thrasher, an American gentleman of this place, next to Mr. Smith, has done most for us Answer this with one of your longest kind of letters. Direct under cover to the British consul general, Joseph T. Crawfoid, esq., Havana. * * * * The captain general permits us to write as much as we please ; but be reserves the right to himself of overlooking our letters. This goes privately in tho British mail box. As ever, yours, Ellis. Cept. James C. Marriott, Baltimore, Md. . Currents or the Ocean —The currents of the ocean has, of late years, a'traeted much attention; and, as it is again to science when a series of correct observations are persevered in with a view to come to the elucidation of that interesting phenomenon, it is with p'ea sure that we learn that Mr. Balestier, in his late diplomatic mission to Southeastern Asia, in 1849, gave his personal attention to the tem perature of tho atmosphere and of the sea, at the depth of ten to twelve feet below the sur face, three times daily, during bis voyage from this country via England, to Alexandria, in Egypt, and from Suez to Hong Kong, and from that port to New Yorh, pursuing the same route, in the present year. These observations, we understand, disclose several facts apparently unrecorded before, showing a higher temperature of the sea than of the air for thousands of miles continuously, and increasing with the depth. This condition of the sea, Mr. Balvstier thinks may give an easy solution to the cause of the great currents on oar coast, as well as to that off the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Balestier, we also understand, has made observations on the waters of the Mediterrane an of a very interesting kind, which may per haps readily account for the upper current from the Atlantio, and the lower one from the Me diterranean. It is to be hoped be wiil make public his long and interesting series of observations, accompanied with un account of his recent mission to those Oriental regions, which pre sent new fields for American commercial en terprise. Mobile and Ohio Railroad.— The Mobile Advertiser of the 17th inst. says: We are in formed by some friends who were on the track a day or two ainco that the contractors are pro (Fresslng rapidly in laying the track, and that the ew hundred yards of grading on the second section will be shortly completed. By that timo the contractors will have several miles of the track down, and ready for the engine and cars the arrival of which we hope soon to have the pleasure of chronicling The track is one of the firmest and most substantial wo have ever ssen, and looks as if it would resist tho attacks ol old time himeclf. The day when tho locomo tive and cars shall make their first trip to Citron elle Is not far distant, and when it arrives it will be welcomed with such manifestations of ioy as will, if we are not greatly mistaken, render Mobile a little famous (or her first railroad cele bration. Prom the Next York Timet. Cotton Planters’ Convention• The Convention of cotton planters to be held in this city during the sitting of the Agri cultural Fair, on the 29th, 30ih and 31st inst., have some important projects in comtemplation. Among other tilings of importance that will be proposed, we understand that a plan * ill be sub mitted to the consideration oi the Convention, for forming a mammoth combination of cotton Planters, under charters from the different Stateq to guarantee to the planter not less than a fair price—say ten cents for his cotton— under any and all circumstances, and without regard to the the ruling rates in Europe. Its ac ■ ;nn will have an important influence upon the ot tion interests of the South, and we trust the Representatives from the different States will be full, and cnosen from tha most experienced and intelligent cotton planters in the whole cottou region.— Macon Tele. A Convention this, if the statements of the Telegraph be conclusive as to its objects, to se cure the exemption of the cotton crop from the usual vicissitudes of climate, trade and the laws regulating supply and demand. The aeasons wrli have to be adjusted so that due proportions of wet and dry weather shall alternate at proper intervals ; a treaty must be made with the army end ball worm and other entomological specula tors in cotton ; the fluctuations of money val ues will have to be act forever at rest, and a fixed rate of consumption dictated to and forced upon the world. Can the Cotton Convention manage this 1 Can it regulate the tide 1 or lay down laws for the winds! or oblige the Gulf Stream to run the other way 7 Unless it can, the price of cotton is likely, we fear, to continue its old fashioned mutability. • *•*** The regulation of prices is a chimera, of course ; but tne project of a direct intercourse between the South and Europe, which is a prin cipal object of the Macon gathering, is not at all chimerical. The trade of the Southern States is large, and susceptible of any amount of exten sion. The progrese of manufactures in their midst naturally suggests a corresponding devel opment of commerce. The commodities are ample, the shipping procurable, and the econ omy of saving the cost of coastwise trans portation to a northern port obvious. The only wonder is, the movement was not mado long ago. Pennsylvania Election. The following re i.arl's.whtch we copy from the Baltimore Clipper, in relation to the defeat of Governor Johnston, are well timed and proper. The South can uo longer rely, says the Savannah Republican, upon either the whig* or democrats of the Norh, under their old party organizations or denominations, and we of the South must support and cherish our friends whether whig* or democrats. Hence we rejoice in the election of Bigler, the demo cratic candidate over Johnston the whig canii* date, and we shall always rejoice at the tri umpb of every democrat, who may be true to the South and the country, over any and every whig, who is opposed to the compro mise and faithless to the constitution ana the laws of the Government. We shall also urge Übccasicg opposition to any and all democrats are opposed to the compromise and the faithful observance and oxrcation of it# pro visions. Hence we regret the defeat of Vin ton of Ohio, a whig, by Wood, a democrat, because Vinton is a compromise man and Wocd is a freesoiler, and was elected by the fieesuilers of that State, who held the balance of power. The great danger to the Govern ment is not at the South, as our elections have fully shown. We have done our duty, and done it nobly. The danger is at the North, There, both the old parties have succombed to the spirit of abolitionism and fanaticism, and in many of the Northern Sutes, the power of the free Boilers controls the elections. The true polioy of the South, therefore, is to bus tain the good and true men of the North, who will purge themselves of this dangerous ele ment, and who will stand by the conslituti n and at ail hazard maintain the authority, peace and permanency of the Government. The Clipper say#: “The result of the election for Governor of Pennsylvania, so far as known, shows, that Governor Johnston is defeated oy e large ma jority. This result is neither unexpeeted nor undasired by us. 'Che convention which no minated Gov. Johnson for re-election, dec'incd to recognize the compromise measures of Congress, embracing the fugitive slave law, as obligatory in the several States; and thus left the subject of slavery open for future egitation. Gov. Johnston himself had pocketed a bill which had passed both houses of :he Pennsylva nia Legislature, granting the use o f the State prisons forthe confinement of fugitive slaves, and thus prevented it from becoming a law; and in other respects exhibited an abolition feeling hostile 'o the permanency of the Union, and to the best interests of the country—and we therefore expected that he would be repu diated by the people of Pennsylvania, and re joice that by rejecting him as Governor, they have stamped his principles with their disap probation, and thus proved, that their attach ment to their oountry is paramount to their de votion to party. Tha decis on gives the South assurance, that Pepnsylvania will maintain the Constitution as it is,and respect Southern rights os guarantied by that instrument. “Col. Bigler, the democratic candidate, t <ok manly ground, fie openly proclaimed his de termination, if elected, to carry into effect the fugitive slave law, aad to afford every facility to owners to recover their property. The issue was fairly made before the people, whether the Uoiou should or should not be preserved— (for the non execution of the fugitive slave law would produce dissolution#—and the de cision is such as we anticipated and hoped—in favor of the Union. This will be gratifying to the South, and is a rebuke to the ultra aboli tionists of the North. Had the contest be. n totally divested ofparty influences and consid erations, we believe that the majority for Col. Bigler, large as it is, would have been greatly increased.” A CcmoaiTY.—We paid a visit yesterday to a specimen of the human race before whom Tom Thumb and all hie brethren must sink into obscurity. The object of our visit was a little woman from Merida, Yueatan, whence sne arrived here yesterday. She is apparently about thirty years of age, with black hair and light brown complexion, a regular Mecataoa of the poorer class, born and raised in Merida She is abont three feet high (her precise height has cot yet besn ascertained) with the head, face and body of a full grown woman. Her lower I mbs are preposterously short, and ap parently crooked. Her feet are remarkably small; one has three toes, the other four. She is without entire arras. An inch or two of what was to be a iimo, is seen at the led shoul derj at the right there is about six inches of an arm. The extremity is round aud smooth, and near it ou the upper side of the limb is a small excrescence of flesh, white colored, look ing like the end of a finger and about the sise of a rifle ballet. This appears to serve the woman in lieu of a finger. We saw her hold a oigarrito with it and smoke; and by its aid and that of her toes, in the use of which she is Very dexterous, thread a fine oeedle, make various kinds of sticbes use scissors, open the paper of a oigarrito, put the tobaoeo on the floor, pick it op and replace it, refold the pa- per, bend the ends, tie the cigarrito round with thread, &c. Sbe sews all her own clothes, and very neatly, too. All these operations are slowly gone through with, exhibiting much pa tience oh her part, and considerable inteili fenee, as she has never been taught anything. he speaks Spanish fluently, appears to be timorous and retiring, but amiable and spright ly. She is under the care of two Spaniards, who have brought her over with the intention of exhibiting her here and in the interior.— Pie., 15 tA inet. Prom (he N. O. Picayune 15fA inet. From Yucatan. We have before us a file of the Merida Siglo Die* y Huevc oy\o October 3d. Thiels the of ficial paper of Yucatan, and though the numbers wo have in our possession are rather bare ol news, we have endeavored to glean from them something of interest relative to the present condition of the Peninsula. In the Siglo of August 22d, we find a letter dated at Peto, which gives a sad account of the ravages which have been committed by the in surgent Indians in that district. The town of Peto, like all those which had fallen into the power of the Indians is almost ruined. Every where the disastrouj effects of the war are seen. Families which had once been wealthy are now reduced to poverty, the fields are deserted, crops are scarcely raised, and in fact there are not per sons enough to till the soil. However, it ap pears that the tide of war has now turned in fa vor of the whites. Gen. La Vega is conducting the campaign with energy, and has rescued a large district from the power of the insurgents. Another letter dated August 22d, gives an ac count of a serious revolt which had broken out among the soldiers at Tibosuco. It appears that Col. Kosade had ordered two soldiers to be pun ished. Some of the others tried to prevent tho execution of the sentence, and thus a serious difficulty arose, which was not easily suppressed Gen. La Vega marched to the scene of distur bance with a hundred men and succeded in re storing tranquility. He then issued an order de claring that all persons who might revolt, or cause a revolt in the army would instantly bo hung. We learn from still another letter of tha came corrrcspondent that D. JoseCaruto Vela, cura of Isamal, was about to proceed to the lines ol the rebels in order to endeavor to negotiate a peace with them. M uch good is expected from his mission, as it is thought that his holy office will carry great influence with it. This does not look as though the whites were having everything thei- own way. Vela was to bo accompanied on his embassy by a commission composod of seven members be sides himself. A fight had taken place between the Indians and Government troops in the canton of Kam pochc. In which the latter claimed a decided vic tory. Gen. La Vega has given orders for all the pris oners taken by tho troops to be immediately set at liberty. Further nows from the seat of war is contain ed in a letter from Peto, (which appears to be La Vegas head quarters) dated Sept. 3d. This asserts that frequent skirmishes take placo be tween the whites snd Indians, in which the lat ter always come ofi second best One of the principal difficulties in the way of a successful prosecution of the war was the want of a good map of the scene of operations. It appears that the only one they had was one pub lished in this city in 1848. They are now getting up a new one on an extensive scalo. To the Mayor and other Members of the City Council of Auguela. Gemtlshhm : As the period for the meeting of the General Assembly of the State of Georgia is near at hand, may it not be worthy the consideration of your Honorable body, to whtin is confided the advance ment and protestion of the general interests of Au gusta, to seek pecuniary aid through the Legislature, for tha purpose of removing the obstructions which are impeding the navigation of the river, directly in front ol our city. The bar, which is rapidly extend ing itself, has been created within the recollection, no doubt, of some of your preeent members, who sat at your Board anterior to the existence of the obstruc lions referred to, and which, unless counteracted, threaten, before very long, to render valueless the wharves of the corporation. In such event, inde pendently of the loss of so much revenue to the city, the navigation, in ordinary stages of the liver, in much shorter time than has elap*ed since the bar began to form, will entirely be impeded in front of our wharves. The removal of the obstructions in the river, now brought to your notice, may, with much propriety, be considered a legitimate subject of enlightened le gislation by the General Assembly of the State. Though these obstructions may be considered local in one point of view, the removal of them is a desid eratum, affecting, generally, directly or indirectly, the interests of all persons residing within the State, not only by furnishing facilities of Commerce, but ealculated to swell the revenue accruing to the State, in the shape of taxation, proportioned always to tho growth and extent of towns and cities located on nav igable streams. The improved navigation of our riv ets is a subject so vital in its effects on commercial enterprise, as ever requires to be guarded against sinister legislation for its accomplishment. Thou sands of dollars have been expended in endeavoring to improve the navigation of our watets, the resalt of wh’ch has often been to leave thsm in a worse con dition. The natural meandering of our rivers, which a wise Providence has directed, for the purpose of re tarding the velocity of the current, and thereby to keep up a more uniform depth of water, hat some times boon injudiciously straightened—the obvious effect of which has been, to lessen the depth of water in proportion to the rapidity with which it peases along its banks, thus accelerated by its more diiect course. So, in the removal of bars and other obstruc tions in our rivers, projeet after project has often been eerried out, resulting in no other effeot than the expenditure of the appropriation, in requital far the valuable services of the undertaker, for seeing his own hired slaves well and promptly paid, and that the provision bills for their support, (perchance from his own grocery store or that of some near relative or friend) were faithfully and justly cancelled. All this might have been done, and yet resulting from igno rance and inexperience of the undertaker, more than from any fraudulent intent on his part in the firet in stance. To guard against casualties of this kind in granting aj propriatious, it becomes the duty of the corporate body so acting, while looking for an honest and responsible undertaker, to become well assured that the individual selected to carry out the work, has aso oapaeity and experience in the business for which he is employed. To proeure the services of such at individual, the intelligence of the Legislature would require no dic tation. A liberal salary accompanying advertise ments in some of our Noithern as well as Southern papers, together with correspondence opened with Mayors or presiding oflfioers of corporations, in some of the principal citirs in the Union, asking co-opera tion in furtherance of the object desired, are some of the fkoilities which might be availed of, to effect our wisheß in this matter. No further suggestion is considered necessary to awaken the attention of the guardians of the welfare and prosperity of our eity, and to impress the impor tance of early and efficient action in the premises, (ban to point them to the naked bars at the present moment, extending more than half the distance across the river, opposite our city. One suggestion more addressed to you, gentlemen, the editors of the Con stitutionalist & Republic, and I have done not for the purpose of offering an apology frr occupying a portion cf your valuable paper, which I have ever found open to any suggestion calculated to advance the prosperity, or whioh might tend to ornament and boautify our city, bat to invito something from yoar own pene, in lieu of »bi* communication—eonseioua of your ability to render more ample justice to the above subjeot, than eap be found in the erode re inaiks, with diffidence offered and respectfully sub mltted by A OITisXH. t Augutla , Oct. 16, 1851, VOLUME XV.—RO. 128- TELEGRAPHIC NEWS. * /Mimltted for the Chronicle Sl Sentinel New York Market. Wbdnbsday, Oct. 22.— Cotton.— The market to-day is firm. Coffee is advancing, and sales of Rio have been made at 7| a 8 cents. The steamer Asia sailed to-day, and carried out $403,000 in specie. Charleston Market* Wednesday, Oct. 22.—Colton.—The market to-day was active, and sales of 1665 bales were made at 5| a 8 5-16 cents. Boston, Oct. 18.—The supply of money ie increa ing and the rates are tending to deoliue, with a more confident feeling. Stocks are bet ter, and Canton sold to day at 64. The mar ket is very firm, and there is more disposition to speculate. Auburn, Oet. 19.—The evidence on the part of the Government against the Syracuse slave rescuers was closed yesterday. The prisoners offered no defence, and the Judges intimated that they would deliver their decision to mor rowmorning. Little doubt is entertained bat that they will be held to bail for trial. More arrests are expected to be made as soon as the decision in these cases is known. New York, Oct. 19 —A block of four new three story brick dwellings on Pacific street, Brooklyn, tumbled down last night. No one was hart. There was a heavy northeast storm last night, which has continued nearly all to-day. But little damage was done (o the shipping, but trees and sigus were blown down in ml parts of the city. None of the Eastern boats due this morning have arr ved. They hare probably been de tained by fog. Thomas Davis, a rigger, living in Charter street, just returned from California, murder, ed his sister to day, because she bad married contrary to his wishes. He cut her throat and then tore out her wiudpipe, in a fit of delirium tremens. Site was a beautiful woman of 23 years of age, and her cruel murderer bai caus ed great excitement. The murder has been arrested. A man named Owen Sullivan, living in At kinson street, beat his wife to death last night, and has fled. Philudelphia, Oct. 19 —The following will be the state of parties in the Legislature. Tne House stands Whigs 46, Democrats 64 j Sen ate, Whigs 16, Decmocrats 16, Native 1, who will doubtloss act with the Whigs. A row es twelve unfinished brick dwellings on Front street, in the lower part of South wark, were set on fire in three places this mor. niog by an iucendiary, and burnt to the ground. Pittsburgh, Oct. 19.—The German Patri ot Kinkel, arrived here to day, and was receiv ed by a large Committee of Germans and Americans To night, in honor of the occa sion, one of the largest torch-light prooassions ever witnessed in this city took place. Circiynati, Oat. 17.— We have bad six hours rain to day, but it has not been sufficient to effect the river. Business is prostrated and money scarce, though more rßin is confidently looked for. Two hundred and forty hhda of Bacon have been shipped East by railroad du ring the paftt three days. The Ohio Senate stands 8 Whigs and 24 Democrats, two districts being yet to hear from, one of which will probably elect a free soiler, and the other a Democrat. The House stands 21 Whigs, 59 Demorals, and 2 free soilers, eleven districts yet from. The oificial returns for Governor are a'l in but 13 counties, acd Wood, the Democra'ic candi date, will have a majority of about 20,000. Commercial. AUGUSTA MARKET. ~~ Wednssdat, P. M. COTTON. —The market to-day has been quiet, with a moderate demand at about yesterday’s prices. NEW ORLEANS, Oct. 16, P. M .—Cotton.— Stock on hand Sept. 1, 1851.- bales. 16,103 Arrived since 126,823 Arrived to day • 9,638 152,669 Exported to date* 59,082 Exported to-day 1,481 60,563 Stock on hand and on shipboard not cleared. 92,006 Molatsca. —Some tew bbla. new were sold at 26 cts.; 25c. was refused for a lot of 40 bble. Flour. —We could not l<ear of any other sale of moment besides a lot of 370 bbls. St. Louis, light weight, sold on priva'e terms. Com. —Sales 2000 sacks, including 10C0 mixed at 331 c.; 150 Yellow at 45c.; 470 White and mixed U 46 cents, and 250 White, re-sale at 52 and 54e. Bacon. —B tierces plain Hams were sold at 10c. Lard. —350 kegs prime were sold at 10|c. Freights. —Two ships and a barque taken for Lir erpool at fJ. and a ship for Havre at if o. SAVANNAH, Oct. 22.- - Cotton. —There was a fair demand for cotton, yesterday. The transactions amounted to6lo bales, at the following particulars; 55 at 6|; 16 at 7; 11 at 7}; 17 at 7|; 63 at 7ft; 92 at 7|; 146 at 71; 183 at 8, and ?9 at 8| cents. Pri oes Arm and in favor of holders. EXPORTS. SAVANNAH, October 21.—For New York, 61S bales Upland and 33 do. Sea Island Cotton. CHARLESTON, October 21. —For Boston, brig Lucy H. Chase —417 bales Upland Cotton. For New York, U. L. brig Moses—6oo bales Up land Cotton. For Baltimore, S. L. brig Calrort—6o bales Up land Cotton.— Schr. Sami, Butler—l 72 bales Up -1 in J Cotton. IMPORTS. CHARLESTON, Oct. 21.-From Rio do Ja neiro, Hanoverian sohr. Oste—l,9Bo bags Coffee. , - t —i —TT gripping intelligent*. CHARLESTON, Oct. 22.—Arrived, steamship Marion, Berry, Now York j Br. ship Grasmere, Vale, Calcutta j Hanoverian schr. Oste, Steffens, Rio Janeiro. Cleared, steamship Isabel, Rollins, Key West and Havana | Brig Lucy H. Chase, Knight, Boston; U. L. brig Moses, Wioks, Now York 5 S. L brig Calvert, Riley, Baltimore » schr. Sami. Butler, Boose, Baltimore. SAVANNAH, Oat. 22.—Arr., steamship Ala bams, Ludlow, New York. Cleared, barque Exact Stevens, New York 5 brig Alfred Exalt, Golder, do. sohr. H. N, Gambriti, Wh rt, Baltimore. ADMINISTRATOR'S SALE.—By virtue of an order of the Inferior Court of Lincoln county, when sitting for ordinary purposes, will be sold, at the Court House door of said county, be tween the lawful hours of sale, on tho first Tuesday in DECEMBER next, tracts of LAND, lying in said county, on the waters of Gray’s Creek, and adjoining lands of Weathers, Gartledge, and others, containing One Hundred Acres, more cr less, well improved, and in good repair. Sold as the property of John Reid, deceased, for the benefit of the hein and creditora of said deceased. Terms of eale made known on the day. JOHN T. REID, Adot’r, Ootober 23, 1851.