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Daily Chronicle & Sentinel BY W. S. JONES. Annual Report of the Postmaster General. The annual report of the Hon. N. K. Hall, Postmaster General, occupies nearly eleven columns of the National intelligencer, and pre sents a voluminous exposition ot the nature and extent of the postal arrangements of the country, the changes that have resulted from the law enacted last session, and the additions and im provements that are yet needed to meet the exi gencies of our extended territory, and the con tinuous enlargement of our political and com mercial relations. We avail ourselves of the fol lowing abstract of this interesting document which we find in the Republic. It appears that at the close of the fiscal year— the 30th of June last—six thousand one hundred and seventy mail routes were in operation in the U. States, forming an aggregate length of 196,290 miles, and involving an annual cost for the trans portation of mails of $3,422,754. The total an nual transportation amounts to 53,272,252 miles, of which 8,560,707 miles are performed upon railroads, at an average cost of about eleven cents five mills per mile; 5,453,982 miles in steamboats, at a cost of about eight cents three mills per mile; 19,726,58 S miles in coaches, at about five cents three mills per mile; 19,521,975 miles in inodes not specified, at about four cents eight mills per mile. As compared with the previous year, this statement exhibits an increase of 13,354 miles, in the length of inland mail routes, and of $547,110 in the annual cost of transporta tion; but this comparison is irrespective of the routes in California and Oregon. In the former State the annual transportation amounts to 537,- 476 miles and the annual cost to $130,270; in the latter to 66,969 miles, at an annual cost of $40.441. There are six foreign mail routes—three of which are under contract with the Post Office Depart ment at a cost of about $2,09 9-10 per mile; ant three under contract with the Navy Department at a cost of about $2,42 6-10 per mile. During the year 5,339 postmasters were ap pointed, nearly half of them to fill vacancies oc casioned by resignations; 187 to fill vacancies oc casioned by death; 206 in consequence of change of site; 299 on the removal of prior incumbents; and 1,698 on the establishment of new offices. The entire number of post offices in operation is 19,796; nearly 1,700 were established and 256 were discontinued during the year. The gross receipts of the Department for the year described in this report were $6,786,493 22; of which $5,369,242 76 were derived from letter (including foreign) postage and stamps sold, and $1,035,130 89 from postage on newspapers, pam phlets, &c. To form a true idea of the revenue, however, allowance must be made for the sum payable to the British post office, and for the sum of additional appropriations. With these deduc tions, the ordinary revenues of the year stand at $6,551,977 89; being an increase of $999,006 41 over the proper revenues of the preceding year. The expenditures during the same period were $6,278,401 68; but this includes a payment to Britain and a payment under an award. The ordinary expenditure was $6,024,566 79, show ing a balance of receipts of $703,299 09. The report glances at the position of the post office in this country half a century since, and intimates the probable presentation to Congress of the materials of an interesting history of our postal system. In 1790 the number of post offices was 75, the extent of post routes 1,875 miles, and the revenue $37,935. Within the last two years, the cost of trans portation has been much increased; and the ever m-creasing mail facilities, by railway and on our rivers, will continue to add largely to the ex penses of the Department. Under the terms of the act of March last, the expenditure for the transportation of mails must be increased from ten to fifteen per cent, per year, if the wants of the country require it; and, unless some change be made by Congress in the rule laid down lor the government of the Department, other expen «« will necessarily increase at nearly tnc »«mc rate. In regard to commissions paid to postmasters, the Postmaster General expresses a belief that the allowance provided for under the order made on the 29th of October, will be found incommen surate with the increase of labor required under the new law. The total estimated expenditures for the cur rent year amounts to $7,123,448 63, which aie to be met by the balances now standing to the credit of the Department, the receipts from pos tages, and the appropriations made by the acts of March. 1847, and March, 1851. The succeed ing year will necessitate further aid from the treasury. At present no reliable estimate of the revenues of the current year can be made, in con sequence of the non-settlement of the postmas ters’ accounts for the first two quarters. An idea of the amount of free matter sent and received at Ihe Washington office may be formed from the fact, that for the two years ending in J uly last, this branch of business would have yielded $4,240,820 at the rates then in force, or $1,795,920 at th.i present reduced rates. This does not include the free circulation of newspa pers, &c. It is thought that the reduced rates of postage on printed matter, and the extension of priviiiges to publishers, will diminish that branch of revenue at least $500,000 per annum. The results of the experiment now in operation satis fy the Postmaster General that there should not be more than two, or at most three, different rates of inland postage on newspapers sent to actual subscribers; and that those on periodicals, and other printed matter, including transient newspapers, should be reduced in number, and more nearly assimilated to the ordinary news paper rates. This change, he thinks, can be adopted without materially diminishing the re venue. * The Postmaster General disapproves of the disposition manifested in some quarters to urge a further reduction in our inland rates of letter postage, before the results of the last reduction are properly ascertained. He points out the dis similarity in the circumstances of this country and Great Britain, and maintains that the result ofthe system now in operation in Britain, ad monish us not to attempt a further reduction until justified by our revenues. Looking at our entire circumstances, the sparse population of immense sections, and the extent and expense of the area traversed by our mail routes, he concludes that we have, beyond all question, the cheapest pos tage in the world. The new contracts for the supply of innumera ble articles required for use in the department are described as more favoreble tha i former ones; and an intimation is made that an improvement in the adhesive qualities of postage stamps will hereafter be observable. An opinionis expressed--founded upon informa tion obtained by agents of the department—that if the contractors be favorably disposed, the mail between Washington city and New Orleans can be expedited twenty-four hours; that the time re quired between Washington and New York c^n • be reduced to eleven hours; and that the mails from the South, leaving Washington in the after noon, may be delivered in New York in time to be forwarded to Boston, Albany, and West, along the Erie railroad, by the morning trains from New York. An effort will also be made to preserve at New York a close connexion of the trains carrying the mails which leave Wash ington in the morning with the evening trains which take such mails beyond New York. If the negotiations now in progress to effect these arrangements fail, the attention of Congress will be called to other legible modes of expediting the great mails between the Eastern ana the South ern States. An appropriation is recommended to meet the deficiency of salary allowable to the special agents of the department, find also to pay the salaries of supernumeraries who have been em ployed in the dead letter office. More than 4,000 pounds of dead letters were received from California the last summer. Congress is asked to legalize contracts tha «- have been entered into for mail service in Cali fornia and Oregon; and mention is made of other contracts which have been formed with .the Pacific Steamship Company, and with the mail steamers from New York to Havana. The President of the Panama Railroad Company had given notice that, on and after the first instant, the company would be ready to transport the mail across the Isthmus, and the Postmaster General has agreed to avail himself of the ar rangement—leaving Congress to authorise the payment therefor. The contract with the Collins line of mail steamers, between New York and Liverpool, requires the performance of but twenty trips out and back during the year. As the English gov ernment had made new arrangements by which the weekly trips of the Cunard steamers were to be continued throughout the year, it was deemed highly important to continue the weekly trips of the American steamers also. Under these circumstances, Mr. Collins was requested by the Post-office Department to continue his trips, with an assurance of a recommendation of ade quate compensation. If, therefore, the extra trips are confirmed, it is earnestly recommended that a pro rata compensation, with such addi tion, if any, as may be necessary to give to the contractors a fair and liberal compensation for the extra service, be authorised by Congress. The Postmaster General remarks that “the uu rivalled qualities and speed of the ships of this line, and the very satisfactory, manner in which the serivce has been performed, establishing the superiority of American skill and enterprise in the construction of ocean steamers, and in ocean steam navigation, entitle the proprietors of this line to the most favorable consideration, and I cannot doubt that Congress will make the ap propriations recommended/’ It is hinted that satisfactory propositions can probably be obtained fora line of mail steamers from New Orleans, byway of Tampico, to Vera Cruz; and the importance of such an arrange ment is described, in its commercial and political aspects. Offers have been made to contract for mail ser vice from New York to Antwerp, from New York to Genoa, from New York to San Francisco by the Nicaragua route, from New York to Gal way, lrom New York to Venezuela, from Phila delphia to Havana, from Philadelphia to Ant werp, and from New York to New Orleans, by steamers, in connexion with a contemplated rail road across Florida. These applications are to be laid before Congress. Particular stress is laid upon the proposition for a line of steamers from New' York to Galway; and a hope is entertained that the subject of the establishment of a line to Antwerp will be found to deserve con sideration, more especially as the Belgian gov ernment is ready to co-operate in the project. The renewed determination of Britain to in sist upon an excessive transit rate on letters passing through England is alluded to as a sub ject of regret. The liberal spirit manifested by the United States in 1848, has not been recipro cated; and as our convention with Great Britian can be annulled by either of the two govern ments, after one year’s notice to the other, it is suggested that if satisfactory transit rates be not soon agreed to, this Government should seriously consider whether the notice provided for in the treaty shall not be given. Attention is called to the extent to which the revenues of the Department are prejudiced by the operations of express companies; and the revi sion of the laws applicable to the subject is pro posed. with the view of making it highly penal for persons or companies to carry letters on cer tain specified routes ouside of the mails. Other penal enactments are sought to protect the pro perty and operations of the department. The increasing abuses of the franking privi lege are noticed as another matter requiring legis lative action. Severe penalties are suggested to prevent the franking as public documents things which are not such, the distribution of franked envelopes to persons not entitled to the frank ing privilege, and various similar practices. Authority is requested to increase the com pensation of special agents of the Department in California and Oregon, and to facilitate the busi of the Department in those States. Tiie concluding paragraphs of the Report re late to the necessity of increased post office ac commodations for Washington city, to a revision of the laws for the government of the Depart ment, the need of placing the Assistant Post masters General upon the same footing in respect to salary as the heads of Bureaus in other Depart ments, and to the zeal and assiduity with which the officers and clerks of the Department have discharged their duties. (From the N. O. True Delta,'Ath inst.) Gleanings from Texas Papers. The steamship Mexico, Capt. Place, arrived yes terday, brought Galveston papers, but none of so late a date as those by the Meteor. Back mails have come by her, however, containing several items of interest, and we proceed to glean. We learn from the Red Land Herald, published at San Augustine, that Larry Long, who resided on this side ofthe Sabine, was shot on the 15th ult., by Kenly Johnson, his brother-in-law, who lives on the Texas side of the river, in Shelby county. The facts are thus stated by the Herald : Mr. Long, in company with Joseph Branon, was hunting some hogs in the Sabine bottom, when they were fired on by Mr. Johnson, who was accompanied by Capt. M. H. Mosely and Wm. Grant, another brother-in-law of Long’s. Long fell, being shot through the face and head with buckshot. Branon was overshot and succeeded in escaping through the cane. Johnson was armed with a double-barrel gun only—and yet three reports were heard. It is not ascertained who fired the other shot. There was an old grudge existing between the parties, and report says that Long had threatened Johnson's life, and had grossly slan dered his family. Long left a family of five or six small children. No arrests have as yet been at tempted. The Port Lavaca Commercial says : One of the negro thieves, named Gibson, who was arrested in company with Everett, at San Antonio, on the charge of abducting Gen. Gordon’s negroes from Wharton county, was sentenced to ten years imprisonment in the penitentiary, at the last term ofthe District Court for Wharton county. Everett was also convicted, but made his cscapo the night after his conviction, and is still at large. Hu handcuffs were not well secured by the black smith and he slipped his hands through them, and then broke open the doors of the jail. The same paper rocords the following : A fatal affray took place in Richmond, Port Bond county, on the 30th ult., between Mr. W inston, of Spring Creek, and a Mr. Koper, which resulted in the death of the latter. Mr. Winston was at tacked by Koper, who was of greatly superior weight and size, and after receiving several severe blows in the face, drew his knife and stabbed Koper, causing his immediate death. Winston immediate ly left town and at last accounts had not been heard from. Colonel Rogers, Indian Agent; Liout. Walkcr, and John S. McClellan, arrived at San Antonio, on the 10th ult., from the Treaty ground. The San Antonio Ledger learns that the treaty, which was closed on tho 4th, was satisfactory to the Indians, and honorable to our government. The Camanches, Lipans, and Muscaleros, are tho tribes with whom Col. R. effected tho treaty. It is stated that tho Indians were in almost a starving condition when they congregated at tho treaty ground. Col. Rogers recovered from the Indians twenty-soven Mexican prisoners, twenty-five boys and. two women. We have had a vory brief notice ot the killing of Francis Waldeman, by James F. Martin, Sheriff of Colorado Co. Tho Matagorda Tribuno gives tho following account of tho aftair : They had gone with a party to Peyton’s creek, about twelve miles from Matagorda, to brand cattle. A dispute arose about cuttle claims, during which Martin accused Waldeman es cattle stealing, and manifested a disposition to urge on a quarrel. Wal deman picked up a stick and advanced towards Martin, and demanded a retraction of tho charge. Tho latter refused. A scutflo ensued, andWalao man was heard to fall. On examination, it was found that ho had been wounded in tho back of tho head with a knifo, which caused his death in a few hours, lie is spokon of as an industrious, respecta ble citizen, which is not said of the other. Martin was held to bail in tho amount of $5,000, which ho had boon unable to securo at last accounts. Tho dwelling of Capt. Mitchell, on Lavaca Bay, Had all his furniture have beon destroyed by fire. AUGUSTA, GA. WEDNESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 10. JOB PRINTING. Having saved our Job Printing Press, and a portion of our Job Type, to which considerable additions have already been made, by accessions from the New York and Philadel phia Foundries, we beg leave to an nounce to our friends, that we are prepared to execute their Jobs with neatness and despatch. In a few weeks, however, we shall receive our new Presses, with a large supply of Job Type and other material, making our Job Establish ment one of the most complete, in all its appointments, in the Southern States. A New Political Leaffue. The following resolutions, adopted by the Ger man Political Club of Cleveland, Ohio, on the 23rd November, 1821, are published in the Plain Dealer , of that city. This is certainly a novel league, and affords an instructive lesson on the progress of radicalism and red-republicanism in this country—both of which are likely to be fos tered by the extraordinary reception given to foreign radicals and revolutionists, on their arri val in this country, by our own citizens. That this spirit is on the increase is very apparent to the most casual observer, and that a new impe tus will be given to it by the presence of Kos suth and his followers, we entertain not a doubt. For it cannot have escaped the observation of the intelligent and reflecting, that our people, in their admiration of the chivalry and distinguish ed talents of the brave Magyar, have entirely lost sight of his principles; those principles upon which he based his opposition to Austrian rule in Hungary. This is the most charitable con struction to be placed upon their conduct; for upon no other ground can such conduct, in men who claim to be republican, be excused. Let us not be misunderstood. It is not our pur pose to represent Kossuth as a Radical, or Red Republican, or as even the advocate of libera doctrines, unless by the force of circumstances, and the disastrous reveses to w'hich he has been subjected, in his efforts to revolutionize Hunga ry, he has been driven from one extreme to the other, and has therefore recently undergone a thorough and complete change. For the fact is well established, in the mind of every well i nformed man on the subject, that Kossuth and his followers, engaged in that revo lution not to establish a republican form of gov ernment, but to restore the ancient monarchy of Hungary —to re-establish the privileges of the nobility and to perpetuate forever the serfdom of Sclavonians and Croatians, who are said to constitute two thirds of the Hungarian popula tion. So determined was he in his purpose to establish such a government as we have that he positively declined the proffered aid ot the Croatians and Sclavonians in the struggle tendered to him on condition that if successful he would establish a liberal government, which should recognise no privileged classes, —but, on the contrary, lay the foundation of a broad and universal equality among all classess. He there fore utterly repudiated, at that time, Republican ism in all its forms, by rejecting the great prin ciple upon which it is based, as obnoxious to his views of good government. Being a man of rank himself, a position attained by his eminent ability, he looked only to the preservation or re establisement of a privileged class—and utterly repudiated all purpose of giving liberty to the masses who have existed in serfdom for a thou sand years, Such was Kossuth, such the man, i n blind admiration of whom thousands of Amer ican citizens, who affect to admire republican in stitutions, seem to be running quite beside them selves. But we have digressed, our purpose was to in troduce the following resolutions, the contempla tion ot which naturally led to some reflections upon the rapid tendency to radicalism in this country. Whereas the colored people, in thoir meeting held on the 17th instant, have expressed their sympathy with the German nation, by a resolu tion. to actually aid the German national loan, the German Political Club resolves : Ist. To express i!s hearty thanks,and avails itself of this opportunity to declare the conviction that the German people , as soon as they shall have obtain ed the Democratic Republic in the coming struggle , will use all means which arc adapted to abolish slavery , on institution whichjisso wholly repug nant to tiie principles of true Democracy. 2d That this resolution shall be published in all the newspapers of this city. This (says the Cincinnati Gazette) is indeed a very singular and surprising compact or agree ment to be entered into by the German and African population of this country, and should engage the attention of those very patriotic and liberty-loving politicians of this and other cities who are so ardent in their advocacy of the Kinkle fund, and at the same time so full of re gard for “ the Union,” the rights of the South ” and “the Liberators of Cuba.” We suppose these politicians will say that, in the event medi tated in the resolution above quoted, they would oppose with ferce of arms, if necessary, the interference of the “ Republic of Germany” with our domestic institutions. But. we ask, with what consistency could they offer such re sistance after so boldly advocating, as they now do the active inteference of the United States Government in the struggles which are expec ted to occur ju Europe during the next year? Surely they must forsake their cherished doctrine upon this point, or allow in its turn the interfer ence of the proposed German Republic for tne extinction of slavery in this country ! Which horn of the dilemma will they take?— Cincinnati Gizette. New Orleans and Nashville Railroad- New Orleans has recently been waked up from her dreamy visions, in which she had so long indulged, that the great ‘’Father of Wa ters” would certainly, spite of all the improve ments of art, waft into her bosom the vast pro ductions of the fertile valleys of the Mississippi and its tributaries. The rapid diversion of trade from her, which she had so long considered ex clusively her own, into other marts, by the pro gress of railroads, has served to sound the alarm among her people, who, feeling the necessity of a great and powerful effort, are beginning to di rect their energies to the accomplishment of some gigantic enterprises. Amoug others, is a railroad to Nashville; and with a view to en list the co-operation of the Tennesseeans in this great work, they have sent a delegation to Nashville, headed by that eminent banker, enterprising citizen, James Robb, to visit the Legislature of that state, now in session. “ This mission,” says the Banner, “ has been made the subject of a special message from his Excellency, Governor Campbell, to the Legisla ture, which was promptly considered by that body, and an invitation extended to the mem bers of the delegation to make an address ex plaining its object. Mr. James Robb, the chair man, on behalf of the delegation, responded to this invitation ; and. on Tuesday evening, deliv ered in the Hall of Representatives, an address that was characterized by good taste and very enlarged views on the subject ol Internal Im provements, Agriculture, and Manufactures, — which we are glad to perceive awakening a wide spread spirit of interest and enthusiasm in all the States of the Southwest.” The delusive conviction that her natural facil ities for transportation would overcome all the appliances of art, has for a long period, kept New Orleans inactive—a mere looker-on upon the great works of internal improvement, which have so rapidly developed the vast resources of the country. Now, however, seeing how ut terly salacious that idea, she enters the field with an energy and spirit which command as well for boldness of conception, as gigantic designs. We welcome her most cordially upon this new theatre, in which we are sure she will find ample scope for the employment of all her vast resources, and the display of the highest en ergies of her enterprising citizens. Wi ssissippi Convention. Although we have already announced that the action of the Convention of the State of Missis sippi, was substantially the same as that of Geor gia, we deem it proper to place on record the res olutions adopted by them by a very large major ity. They have thus taken their position upon the Georgia platform, on which we feel confident every Southern State, even South Carolina, will sooner or later rally : The people of Mississippi in Convention assembled as expressive of their deliberate judgment on the great question involved in the sectional contro versy, between the slaveholding and non-slave holding States of the American Union, adopt the following resolutions : Resolved Ist, That in tho opinion of this Con vention, the people of Mississippi, in a spirit of conciliation and compromise, have maturely con sidered the action es Congress, embracing a series of measures for the admission of California as a State into tho Union, the organization of territo rial governments for Utah and New Mexico, the establishment of a boundary between the latter and the State of Texas, tho suppression of the slave trade in the District of Columbia, and the extradition of Fugitive slaves, and connected with them, the rejection of tho proposition to exclude slavery from the territories of the United States and to abolish it in tho District of Columbia, and whilst they do not entirely approve, will abide by it as a permanent adjustment of this fcctional con troversy, so long as the same, in all features, shall be faithfully adhered to and enforced. Resolved, 2d, That we perceive nothing in the above recited legislation of tho Congress of the United States, which should be permitted to dis turb tho friendly and peaceful “ existing relations between tho Government of the United States and tho Government and people of tho State of Missis sippi.” Therefore resolved, 3d, That in the opinion of this Convention, the people of the State of Mississippi will abide by the Union as it is, and by the Consti tution of the United States without amendment; that they hold tho Union secondary in importance only to tho rights and principles it was designed to porpetuato. tua past associations, present fruition and future prospects, will bind them to it so long as it continues to be the safeguard of those rights and principles. Resolved further, 4th, That, in the opinion of this Convention, the asserted rights of secession from tho Union, on tho part of a State or States, is utterly unsanctioncd by tho Federal Constitution, which was framed to “ establish,” and not to de stroy the union of the States ; and that no secession can in fact take place, without a subversion of the Union established, and which will not virtually amount in its effects and consequences to a civil revolution. Resolved further, sth, That, whilst in the opinion of this Convention such are the opinions and senti ments of the people of the State of Mississippi, still violations of the right of the people of tho State may occur, which would amount to intolera ble oppression, and would justify a resort to meas ures of resistance, amongst which, in tho opinion of tho Convention, tho people of tho State liave desig nated the following : Ist. Tho interference by congressional legislation with the institution of slavery in the States. 2d. Interference with the trade in slaves between tho States. 3d. Any action of Congress on tho subject of slavery in"tho District of Columbia, or in places subject to the jurisdiction of Congress incompatible with tho safety and domestic tranquility, tho rights and honor of the slaveholding States. 4th. The refusal by Congress to admit a new State into tho Union, on tho ground of her tolera ting slavery within her limits. sth. The passage of any law by Congress prohib iting slavery in any of the territories. 6th. The repeal of tho Fugitive Slave Law and tho neglect or refusal by tho General Government to enforce tho constitutional provisions for the recla mation of fugitive slaves. Resolved further, 6th. That in the opinion of this Convention, the people in the recent elections have been governed by an abiding confidence that tho said adjustment measures of Congress would bo in forced in good faith in every section of the land. Resolved, further, 7th. That as the people of the State of Mississippi, in tho opinion of this Conven tion, desiro all further agitation of the slavery question to cease, and have acted upon and decided all tho foregoing questions, thereby making it tho duty of this Convention to pass no acts; within tho purview and spirit of tho law under which it was called, this Convention deems it unnecessary to ro fer to tho people for their approval or disapproval at the ballot box, its action in the premises. Resolved, Bth. That in tho opinion of this Con vention, without intending to call in quostion the motives of the members of the Legislature, tho call of this convention by tho Legislature at its lato extraordinary session, was unauthorized by tho people, and that said aot, in peremtorily ordering a convention of the people of the State with out first submitting to them tho question whether there should be a convention or no conven tion, was an unwarranted assumption of power by the Legislature, at war with the spirit of republican institutions; an encroachment upon the rights) of the people, and can never bo rightfully invoked as a precedent. Tho Mississippian, tho organ of tho ultra South ern Rights party, in publishing tho resolutions, sig nificantly romarks ; “It is hardly necessary to say here, in dismissing tho subject, that thoy do not meet the views of the State Rights party.” Poit Offices. —The following new Post offi ces have been established in Georgia : Lalfing Gal, Cherokee county, Samuel Hunt P. M.; Round Hill, Lumpkin co., Dennis Hide, P. M.; Bay Creek, Laurens co., Michael Liv ingston, P. M.; Camp Ground, Appling co., Benien Hall, P. M.; Piney Head, Appling co., Neil Wilkinson, P. M.; Hall Appling co., H. J. Smith P. M.; Cobbsville Telfair co., Edward J. McDuffie P. M. “ Havenders ," in Lumpkin county and “ Warwick ,” in Dooly have been dis continued. James Hackney, charged with robbing the mail,which he confessed on the steamer Atlanta between Whitesburg and Guntersville, on the Tennessee river, has been committed to jail in Huntsville, Ala. About $2,500 in bank notes and checks were found in his possession, he had spent about S6O. He is a young man and was a laborer on the boat. Correspondence of the Chronicle <V Sentinel. Washington, Dec. 5, 1861. The Union newspaper of this morning, has taken into fall communion with the so called National Democracy, both the fire-eaters of the South, and the abolitionists of the North, who follow the lead of Giddings, Itantoul and company. Disunionists ir both quarters of the country have agreed to agi tate the slavery question ad libitum, as a political right, and a geographical advantage. Major Jack son and Preston King, Sumner and Meade, Cleve land, of Connecticut, and Harris, of Alabama, are the loaders of the new coalition between free-soilers and seceders. Some of your readers would be shocked at the cordiality that subsists among the opponents of the Compromise who attack tho measure, the one becauso it concedes too much to the South, and the other becauso it concedes too little. Fancy Giddings confidentially pledging all the anti-slavery voters in Ohio, to stand by tho most rabid agitators in South Carolina and Missis sippi, to carry out the policy p of both sections ! If these men have any feeling in common, it is one of hostility to the Government as its framers organ ized it. Extremes have mot and coalesced, not to preserve, but to destroy tho existing confederacy. I regard such a result as not improbable, unless the conservative elements of tho whole United States can be brought to bear against the progress of revo lutionary notions and feelings. The malady is too deep seated and wide-spread in the body-politic to bo cured by any political quackery. The greatest danger lies in the unwillingness of conservative Democrats to unite with Whigs of similar views, and form a National Union party, cutting off all Red Republicans and agitators, whether in the slave holding or non-slaveholding States. Radicalism and freesoilism promise so much in future, that such aspirants as Buchanan, Dallas, Douglass, Cass, Marcy and Houston, throw cold water on every proposition to form a Union party. Their policy is fairly indicated by the doings of the recent caucus which laid tho Compromise resolution of Mr. Polk, on or under tho table. The truth doubtless is, that the freesoilers and Southern Democrats who oppose tho adjustment, constitute a clear majority of the party, and of course rule its destiny. All cling to the name “Democrat” as a passport to popular favor, place and power. Giddings makes an ostentatious parade of his free Democracy ; and Mr. Seward is a ‘ Democrat ic Whig.” All factions of every shade of opinion, and from every quarter of the Union, which seek office, agree in assailing tho President. No othors, however, are so bitter and vindictive as tho aboli tion Whigs. What is to be the upshot of the wholo matter, time alone can disclose. Little will be done till after New Year's frollic is over. Perhaps Mr. Foote may obtain a decisive vote on his Com promise resolution, which substantially is the same as tho one adopted in the Whig caucus, and re jected in the Democratic caucus. It will be acted on next week, and may foim the nueclous of a Na tional Union party on the Georgia Platfoim. Three fourths of the New York Wnigs sincerely desire associations more congenial than such as they now have. Unt 1 the Fugitive Slave Law is allowed to stand without opposit ion, there can be no peace in States where slavery agitation is systematically pursued. So ftr as this operates against the Adminis tration, even the Compromise Democrats encourage it. The Union newspaper is greatly to blame for not standmg by the settlement and its friends, in good faith. In the end, when the whole Compro mise account is settled, that pri vt will find that its double dealmg on this vital question, has been a losing game. The adjustment was never a party measure ; and as nearly or quite half of the Whigs were opposed to it, and fought the President in op position to it. it was hardly fair in its friends to join their political opponents in attacks of an execu tive, who did so much, and patrioticly repudiated all selfish and party considerations, to settle a dange rous controversy. From tho enemies of tho Com promise both North or South, tho Administration expected hostility, but from its friends, it had a light to suppos ethat a different course would bo pursued. , L. [Telegraphed for the Charleston Courier.] Further per Steamer Pacific. England.— The firms of Messrs. Vice, Pride & Jones, and Hampden & Co., two houses in Liv erpool engaged in the American trade, have failed. The liabilities are large. Franck. —The popular excitement continues, and the leaders of the party of order, are charged with having conspired against Louis Napoleon. A Bill has also been introduced into the Assem bly, which defines the duties of the President of the Republic, and allows ten members to move for his impeachment should he fail to perform them or transcend their limits. New-Orlf.ans, Dec. 7. 8.45 P. M. There was no quotable change in the prices of Cotton on Saturday, and 2000 bales were sold. Pork had declined during the week one dollar. Bacon two cents, and Whisky likewise two cents—it being quoted at 18 cents per gallon. New Orleans, Dec. S. 7.55 P. M. The advices brought by the Pacific were re ceived here about noon to-day, and gave an ac tive impulse to our Cotton market, twelve thous and bales having been sold. Prices closed firm without a decided advance. Strict Middling was quoted at 7fc. The receipts to-day were 18,490 bales, the largest this season. Whisky has declined one cent, and 1400 ban els were sold at from 17 to 17. J cents per gallon. Molasses has declined, but is active, and 3000 barrels were disposed of at 23c. for prime. Rio Coffee was dull at Bto 8 & cents, and the stock was fully 90,000 bags. The Steam Ship Winfield Scott, sailed, for N. York this morning. Columbia, Dec. 8, 9 P. M. Legislative Proceedings. —The bill to repeal a portion of the bill of 1850, which called the Con vention, was discussed in the House of Repre sentatives to-day, in Cummiltee of the Whole.— The report was, however, unfavorable, and adop ted by the House by a vote of 72 to 38. The bill to re-charter the Bank of the State was also discussed in Committee of the Whole, and the debate was ultimately adjourned to one o’clock to-morrow. The House will positively adjourn sine die on Tuesday, the 16th inst. In the Senate, the North Eastern Railroad Bill passed by a majority of three. Columbia, Dec. 8, 8.15 P. M. The advices by the Pacific had no other effect on our market than to sustain the prices current at the close of last week. The transactions of the day comprised 280 bales at 61 to 8 cents. False packing of Cotton.— We mentioned some time since the Manchester Chamber of Commerce and Commercial Association, and the American Chamber of Commerce of Liverpool had appointed Committees to draw up regulations relative to the return of falsely packed Cotton. We perceive from the advices brought by the Humboldt, that the followiug rules in reference thereto have been adopted. 1. That cotton returned as falsely or irreguvrly packed be paid for at the price which the cotton i fregularly packed would be worth on the day on which it would be received back at Liverpool. 2. That no allowances for expenses to trans mit beyond the limits of Great Britain be made on returned cotton. 3. That all claims for falsely or irregularly pack ed cotton be accompanied by the declaration of the planter’s mark or certificate, where there is any such mark, and, if required, the entire can vass in which the cotton was packed to be re turned. A fourth proposal by the Liverpool Commit tee, to reduce the time within which Cotton could be returned as falsely packed from twelve to six months, was rejected by the Manchester deputation. Later, from Havana. —By the arrival of the brig R. B. Lawton, Capt. Gardner, at this port on Sunday evening, we have advices from Ha vana to the Ist inst. There were but few American vessels in port at the time R. B. L. left. The crop of Sugar, it was believed, would be a fair average one. Molasses was very scarce. Judge Sharkey, who has been appointed Con sul, vice Mr. Owen, removed, had not arrived at Havana. Mr. Thrasher had been sent to Spain on board a transport, on the 26th ult. The city was quiet and generally healthy.— Savannah Republican , S th imt % In JMflflitrtif frlrgmiil). Virginia Election. We are indebted to a friend for the following returns of the recent election in Virginia for Governor, &c., (the first ever given to the peo ple,) at the Petersburg precinct: Petersburg, Dec. 8. The Democratic majority for Johnson (for Governor) is 121; Leake, Dem. (Lieut. Gov.) 12n ; Bocock, Dem. (Attorney General) 122; for the House of Delegates, Thomas Wallace (Dem.) has 126 majority over Robfc. B. Boling (Whig.) Loss of the Steamer St. Matthews. We regret to announce the total loss, probably, of the steamer St. Matthews, of this place, on Saturday night last, at the mouth of what is known to sailors as the “Three Mile Cut, : ’ near Darien. She got aground in passing the “Cut," and instead of floating off when the tide rose, she sank, the water flowing over her deck--. She is represented as lying badly, and as having been very much strained. The clerk of the boat writes that he fears she is a total loss. The pas sengers and baggage were transferred to the schooner Altamaha, Capt. Keen, which happened to be nearby when the accident occurred. Capt. Keen as well as Capt. Blankenship, of the Wela ka, rendered every assistance in their power, and the passengers, as will be seen by reference to their card, express themselves as under many obligations to them. We learn that the freight had been stowed as far forward as possible before the rising of the tide, and that the crew were busy in getting it off to the schooner, some three hundred yards dis tant. It was hoped the cargo would be saved.— The mail had been carried to Darien, and a fiat was to have been sent down to take up the pas sengers and baggage, with such freight as had been saved, to the same place. The furniture had also been saved. Captains Blankenship and Keen suggested to the agent here the propriety of sending down an hundred empty casks from the city, with the view of attempting to float the St. Matthews off.— Savannah Republican, Bth inst. _ Girard and Mobile Road.— We are pleased to be able to state that an arrangement has been made by which the first twenty miles of this great work will be commenced immediately and completed the next year.—The in work, grading and superstructure, on the route from Girard to Chunnenuggee, have agreed to concentrate their efforts and obligations on the first twenty miles, commencing at once. This is the right spirit and the right policy. The way to do a thing, is to begin it.— Columbus Times. MARRIED, In Eatonton. on the 28th ult., by the Rev. M. If. Heb bard, Dr. Price S. Gaither, of Oxford, Ga., and Miss Klizaheth Jarratt, of the former place. On the 4th inst., by the Rev. S. G. Hambleton, Mr D- A. Crawford and Miss Sarah E., daughter of Mr. Sam uel McDow, all of Cass county, Georgia. Special lloticcs. Portrait Painting. —The undersigned begs leave to call the attention of the public to his speci mens of PORTRAITS, at Messrs. Clarke & Racket’s Jewelry store. Also, at his rooms, over Mr. Vol ger's Sigar store, next to J. P. Setzo corner, where he will be found ready to execute all ordors con nected with the above named art, to entire satisfac tion. dec 10 dl2 «T J. MAIER. Franklin Building and Loan A ssociation —The Third Regular Meeting of this Association will bo held at the City Hall, on WEDNESDAY, EVENING next, at 7 o'clock. Members are re quested to come prepared to pay their monthly in stalments. The Treasurer will be at my office, at the City Ilall, Monday and Tuesday evenings, (Bth and 9th) from 7to 8 o’clock, to receive payments. DAVID L. ROATH, Sec. F. B. L. A. dec 7 Y s&w H7* Ol'iice Clerk Inferior Court, lticUmoint, County, Dec. 15, 1851. —Tho Justices of the Infe rior Court of Richmond County, will, on Monday, the lothinst, elect a keeper ‘of the Poor House for said county. Applications will be received by tho Clerk until the election, dec 6 T DAVID L. ROATH, d. c. I. C, EG?” Dr. VVni. S. Jones tenders his Professional Services to the citizens of Augusta and vicinity Ho may be found, when not professionally engaged at the Office of the Chronicle & Sentinel, or his residence on Greene Street, known as the Peck House. d 6 • c&s |TF“ Ten or Fifteen MASONS wanted. Apply to d3-dtf c&s G. H. CRUMP. * LAUD 01L. —300 gallons No. 1 Bleached; for sale by (dec 6) WM. H. TUTT, Druggist. D. B. PLUMB & CO. ARE constantly receiving fresh and pure Medi cines, Chemicals, Choieo Perfumery, Toilet Articles &c., at their establishment between U. S. Hotel and Post Officer corner. Medicines carefully dispensed at all hours, by calling at Mr. Barnes, corner Greene and Mclntosh streets. nov 23 ° FOR THE LADIES^ Fine ENGLISH and Fronch Hair Brushes, Best English Tooth Brushes, Horn, Buffalo and Ivory Dressing Combs, Shell, Buffalo and Ivory Fine Combs. Just received by nov 10 D. B. PLUMB & CO. FOR THE SEASON. PINK and Whito Clarified Gelatine, Extract Lemon, Rose, Orange and Vanilla, Real Dis tilled Rose, Peach and Orange-flower Waters. Corn Starch, Arrow Root and Farina, for Puddings, AcJ Just rccoived by D. B. PLUMB A CO. nov 23 DR AVION—A Story of American Life; tw.-ale at GEO. A. OATES & CO S., Joe 4 Broad street . FISH. JUST received by LAMBACK A COOPER, Cod Fish in Boxes. Mackerel No. 1, Whole, Half and Quarter Bbls. Mackerel No. 2, Whole Bbls. Mackerel No. 3, Whole Bbls, Salmon No. 1, in Kits. decjl CIDER. ~ Qpr IRON BOUND barrels Extra Champaign AO Cider. Just received by dec 6 f LAMBACK & COOPER. LUMBER YARD. THE SUBSCRIBER has established, nonr hD residcnco at the lower part of Telfair street, a LUMBER YARD, at which he wi 1 keep constant ly a full assortment of Planks, Scantling, Fence Posts, Ac., for salo on consign « &nt. Consignments ofLumbor, as well as orders for the same, will moot with prompt attention. All the Lumbor nocossary for complete buildings may bo had at short notico. rep" Liberal advances mndo on consignments, dec 3 Übnosll L. CHARLES DU GAS. POMADE 1)K FAMRAIDES, ft superior pre paration for beautifying tho Hair and prevent ing it Horn falling out or turning grey. This is a Fronoh article, highly prepared. For salo by doo 9 PHILIP A. MOISE, Druggist. _ FOR SALE. A FINE MILCH COW, and HE IF- Ell CALF, of the Kerry stock, from R. Pctorß, Atlanta. Apply to E. —a**"* Parsons, Express Oflioo. dec 7 CHOICE FRUIT TREES. WITH a view to oncourago a tnsto for By fruit and habits of industry , I taught my sons to bud and graft. They now offer for sale a few thousand PEACH TREES of tho most choice varieties. Orders will bo promptly fillod at 26 cent* each. JAMES L. COLEMAN, doe 4 dAe ts