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BY WILLIAM S. JONES. GA. SATURDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 13. Tlie Compromise--Gov. Wriglkt. Governor Wright, of Indiana, in his late annual message to the legislature, which is prin cipally devoted to affairs of the State, makes the following patriotic reference to the Compromise Measures, in conclusion: ‘ Throughout the past year,peace and harmony between the various sections of the Union have been gradually and firmly established. The great disturbing questions which for a time threatened results, the ultimate issue of which no man could toresee, have been put to rest, and with it the heart-burnings and sectional recriminations which it brought in its train. Our present tran quality is the hest evidence of the wisdom and prudence ot the measures of adjustment adopted by the last Congress. “The high conservative ground maintained by our State is shown in the fact that we support no man who favors agitation. Our people want peace, and they esteem no sacrifice, short of that of principle, too great to secure it. “Indiana holds him an enemy to the well being of this republic, who pursues any course tending to widen the breach between the North and the South. Minor questions sink into in significance compared to the great paramount duty of every American citizen, the preserva tion of the integrity of the Union. “Each and ail of the laws constituting that compromise, which has been as oil cast upon the troubled waters, are assented to, and have been out, so tar as they apply to us, in word anu letter, according to the strictest judicial con struction, by the citizens ot our State. This has been done cordially, and wife 1 as near an ap proach to hearty unanimity as any measure en acted to reconcile similar sectional differences can ever be expected to receive. “Indiana desires to see the compromises, made under the Constitution, and expressly framed to carry into effect its provisions, remain undisturb ed. She says to the South .as well as to the North, that these measures must stand; that this sectional controversy must not again be opened up; that time, as an element which enters into every thing that is valuable, must test the r wisdom and efficiency; that from whatever quarter of th: Union efforts shall be made to re vive this sectional agitation, Indiana is against it. “She favors not, nor will she by her votes countenance those who favor, the opening afresh, in any manner, under any pretence, the ques tions so recently and-so happily disposed of, let us hope for ever. Our duty ij plain : abide by the past , sustain th - m asures faithfully , cease agitation ‘ and trust, for the future to the intelligence and pa triotism of the people, under the guidance of Provi dence. This is the language of a patriot, whose highest ambition seems to be to promote the prosperity and accelerate the greatness of his country, by perpetuating unimpaired the institutions--of our fathers. We commend it to the careful consid eration of those purturbed spirits, North and South, who so much desire agitation. Tha Case cf the Promettiec«. The letter of Capt. Churchill, which we published some days ago, giving an account of the firing into the Prometheus, has elicited the following comments from the New York Com mercial Advertiser • The Prometheus Fired at. —The captain of the steamer Prometheus seems to have very unne cessarily involved himself in difficulty, and his vessel and passengers in peril, by an unjustifia ble attempt to leave Grey town without paying port dues. According to his own statement, the authorities made a charge of $123 for anchorage and port dues, which Captain Churchill assumed to be illegally demanded, and refused to pay. Accordingly, as he was about to leave port, an attachment was served on the vessel by the civil power. This he set at defianee—thinking prob ably that the authorities had not power to en force their laws—hove anchor, and dropped down the harb° r with the current. An English brig-01-war lying near intercepted the Prome theus, firing a shot each over her bow and stern, whereupon Captain Churchill prudently lay to, sent a boat on board the brig to ask an explana tion, and was told that the brig would protect the authorities of Greytown in their lawful de mands, that he must return and pay up, which he did under protest;—the very thing he ought to have done before he sailed, instead of trying to get away from the responsibility and defying the civil authority of the place, whom his gov ernment would have held responsible for any wrong. The Baltimore American copies the above, and very justly and pertinently remarks: The conduct of Capt. Churchill, whether right or wrong, whether imprudent or not, is not brought into the ieal issue in this matter. The true question relates to the assumption of author ty by a British naval officer to fire upon an Ame rican vessel, and to the inference that in so do ing he was asserting the sovereignty of England to the Musquito country and to the town of Ni 'Sg*agua, called by the English designation Grey town. The case will bring that question to a definite issue, and it is high time, we think, that it was so brought. This country is very desirous to know how it is that the British occupation of the San Juan still continues, notwithstanding the express stipulations of the Clayton and Bul wer treaty to the contrary. That such occupa tion will not be permitted, when the canal by that route is completed, may be taken for grant ed. The treaty we are sure will be enforced to the letter; and indeed if'the treaty itself did not contain a provision for the cessation of British sway in that quarter, this country, in justice to her own rights, interests and dignity, could not allow such sway to continue. But the treaty is explicit on the point in question. The State iioad. The Joint Committee appointed by tho Legisla- 1 ture have through a sub-committee, Blade the fo’l- ; lowing report on the affairs and condition of the State Road, which, strangely enough, rubs off not a little of tho whitewashing applied by Gov. Towns to his distinguished Chief Engineer, W. L. Miciieli,. Tho Report is accompanied by nu merous tables which we omit: REPROT of Sub-Committee on Internal Im provements, on the Western and Atlantic Hail \ Road. To Mr. Anderson, Chairman of tho Committee ' of Internal Improvements:—ln accordance with a joint resolution to authorize tho k Committeo on Iter nal Improvements of the Senate and House of Representatives, to appoint n sub-committeo from each of their bodies respectively, to form a joint committee to examine into the nffai rs of tho Wes tern and Atlantic Railroad, Mossrs. Farris and Tum lin wuref from tho Senate, and Messrs. Fan nin, Perkins and Tift from tho Houso. After tho organization of tho joint committee, by the selection of Mr. Fannin as Chairman, Mr. Tift having declined to serve', the balance of tho com mitteo proceeded without delay to tho Western and Atlantic Railroad, and entered upon the discharge pf their duties. We wore fortunato in securing IHHMKU I HMVMLE A SIMM the sendees of Mr. L. E. Bleckley, the former Book keeper, whose clerical ability and intimate acquain tance with the business aided us as much in onr labors. It. could not bo expected that the committee, in the limited time allowed, could make an investiga tion so full and complete as might be desired, but after a laborious and searching examination into the mnnagement and business operations of that important work, ask leave to submit the following report: The gross profits of the Road, for the last year, were from— Freights $183,371 59 Passengers 89,656 85 Mails 12,000 00 Total. $285,028 44 Expenditures (settled) 204,022 25 Leaving. ff $81,006 19 Available for settlement of unadjusted claims and profits. For tho purpose of understanding the causes of tho great expense of conducting the business of the Road, we have collected the details for a period of months, and classed each item of expendi ture under its proper head. This will be seen by reference to tables No. 1 and 2. Table No. 4 ex hibits the linaneial condition of the Road on the 31st Oct., 1851. Other tables of interest aro appen od to this report The Committee was unable, on account ,of the unsettled condition of the business of tho road, to determine tho exact amount of net earnings, but after u scrutinizing investigation, wo are forced to tho conclusion that tho expenditures duo to the last fiscal year, will lessen Mr. Mitchell's estimate of the amount of nett profits. This unfortunate result is mainly duo to tho in efficient management of the work, Wo have no evidence of fraud or corruption. On tho contrary, we boliovo that there has been none, but our inves tigation has developed that tho management has boen loose and inefficient, and that the road is with out a proper equipment, either of cars or engines. The management has been loose in pcrmittii. agency accounts to run without prompt settlement (see Tablo 3,) in delaying orders lor spikes, cross ties, Ac., which has compelled tho Engineers and Supervisors to use inferior materials, greatly to the detriment of the work. By the absence of tho offi cers from their posts ; by the want of a correct ticket system, without which conductor is re sponsible only for the amount of passage money he chooses to return ; other parties must share tho re sponsibility of this result, with the officers of the road. No sufficient excuse can be offered for delay in settlement of the agency accounts, or lor neglec ting to]provido materials, tho necessity for which was foreseen. The salaries of some of tho officers are too low to secure the proper business qualifica tions, or to onablo tho incumbents to devote their time exclusively to tho business of tho iioad. We should not bo too hasty, however, in con demning tho policy of the past administration,for it is a mooted question whether any direction could havo conducted tho affairs, of this Road profitably, with the acknowledged inadequacy of tho equipment. Tho legislature neglected to furnish the proper aj - pliances for tho successful prosecution of tho busi ness, and upon thorn should be fixed a large share of the responsibility. Taking into consideration all the causes which combined, tended to produce th • unsatisfactory result of last years operations, we earnestly rcoommend an appropriation sufficient to ofover tho estimates of the Engineer’s and “a new system of management, fouuded in a wise and severe economy, and looking to an increaeo of rev enue, and diminution of oxpense as tho only solid basis of a substantial and enduring prosperity.” Tho Committee concur with the Engineers, whoso advice they had, in tho pressing necessity of repla cing the bridges and trestle work named below, with embankments, and also in tho additional in vestment for Cars and Locomotives. Mr. Hull, the resident engineer, and Mr. L. P. Grant, whoso namio is so well known as a successful practical engineer, assisted tho Committee in pre paring tho following estimates : BRIDGES AND CULVERTS. Length. Hull. Grant. Whetstone... .440 feet $16;000 $17,550 Arms 320 do 20,000 17,000 Vinings 484 do 47,000 47.500 Et’wah (part) 1,200 do 43,000 49,500 Alatoona.... 24,700 24,700 Chattahoochee, bal. 5,000 5,000 Trestle work above Dalton. 600 do 20,000 20,000 Totals about 3,500 feet 175,700 181,200-*181,20C Relaying 50 miles track, Iron, spikes ; Clamps, Cross Tics and labor. 254,650 Add for balancing, and improved* fastenings. 25,009 279,650 Deduct value of old flat bar, 31,250 248,400 —1248,400 Chief Engineers esti mate for Cars and Engines 204,400 Machine shop and Ma chinery 25,000 Car shop, Ac 10,000 New Passenger and Freight Dopots..' 20,000 *689,000 BRIDGES. After chaining the condition of every bridge, wo report them safe for the present, but the estimates above are calculated to decrease the length of un necessary bridging about 3,500 feet, which must bo replaced again if not embanked, in five years at far thest at a cost of about 90,000 dollars. The embankment would add materially to the security of travel, and increase the nett profi its of the road, as they are under the constant su pervision of watchmen, and are coutinually needing extensive repairs. Mr. E. Denmead, the worthy contractor, deserves great credit for his unremitting attention to this portion of the work. Some of the piers of the bridges across the Chicamauga, were founded on “Rip Rap,” and have been undermined by the current ; those should receive immediate at tention, boforc they sustain farthor damage; the work at Chattahooche amounts to 53,010 dollars, of which $48,000 have been paid The amount #lßl,- 200, stated above as necessary for embanking the bridges, might not be provided for by immediate legislative action, but may remain a charge upon the revenue of the road, as the work is necessarily fradual: The result, however, is the same, as the tate pays in either case. The condition of the road is not so bad as wc expected to find. Active exertions have been made by Mr. Hull, the resident engineer, to prepare the track for the winter’s business, but not having tho E roper force and machinery at his command, he as still much to do. With tho exceptions of tho forty miles of flat bar, tho track is in fair order. 1 The iron for relaying this portion of Road is ] now in Savannah, and should be laid down as soon ' as practicable. The cross tics in use and on deliy-J ery, are very inferior, and only those of full sidgt and post oak or chcsnut timber, should be used JP ho new track. Tho estimate for replacing 50 miles of flat bar, including the 10 miles already down, after deduc ting the value of old iron, is/-48,400 dollars. Gov. Towns and Mr. Mitchell ordered tho iron for this portion of tho road. Some of it is already laid, and tho balance will be received as rapidly as it can bo used. * To keep the track in proper order, it is positively essential to kcop tho road bod well ditched : a good force with a ditching train, would bo the most effec tual means, as this forco and train, could bo made to subserve many other valuablo purposes ; such as ballasting wet cuts, transporting wood and materi als for repair of track Ac. Tho Road should by all moans, be provided with necessary shops to repair its own Engines and Cars, and be prepared when thero were no repairs on hand, to build cars for their own use. EQUIPMENT. By reference to tho report of Mr. Mitohell, it will AUGUSTA, GA-, SUNDAY MORNING DECEMBER 14, 1851. be seen that he supposes the sum of $204,400 nec ■ essary to equip the Road with Engines and Cars sufficient to perform its business. He has contraced D o mber 0f J C4r8 ‘ and for Bix Engines. Some of the Cars are delivered, and others in pro construction. Some of the Locomotives are finished, and two are on the route. The iron mentioned above, and this portion of the equipment, may be considered as already a charge upon the State. The committee are aware of the danger of a precedont which allows an agent with limited powers, to transcend these powers: but, in the present instance, fully recognizing the imperative necessity which prompted the invest ment, we recommend the ratification of the pur chases made by the administration, lor the iron and the equipment. DEPOT BUILDINGS Are needed at Cartersville, Kingston, Calhoun, and probably Chattanooga, when the rights of the Road are permanently defined, and the best location as certained. Some of the buildings above named are 03 depositories for goods or produce, and as the State is liable for loss or damage, tho Agent should bo furnished with good and secure Depot room for all merchandize in his charge. The committee in the close of their labors cannot refrain from calling the attention of tho Legislature, to the importance of the Western & Atlantic Rail Road, its position and its prospects. Its northern terminus is in the city of Chattanooga from which point diverges a system of Rail Roads which pene trate every portion of the eastern Mississippi Val ley. The East Tennessee Rail Road, leaving our Road at Dalton, extends into tho fertile vallics of East Tennessee, its continuation forms the Virginia Rail Road, which tunneling the Alleghany Moun tains, joins the extensive system of Rail Roads re cently planned by the State of Virginia. When this work is finished, there will bo an unbroken Rail Road track from Washington City to Montgomery Alabama. Our Road wi.l form an important link in this great thoroughfare of trade and travel. On the west, the Nashville and Chattanooga Rail Road Company are overcoming obstacles once considered insurmountable, and are rapidly pushing their work to completion: from some point on this line, the Memphis and Charleston Road diverges, and in a distance little less than 300 miles, reaches its west ern terminus on the banks of the Mississippi. Two lines are spoken of from Nashville, ono to Louisville, Kentucky, another to some point on the Mississippi River. From undoubted inlormation, we learn that theso great enterprises will be com pleted. All these improvements will necessarily be come valuable feeders to our State work. The 1500 miles of navigation furnished by the Tennessee river and its tributaries, concentrate upon Chattanooga an important steam and flat boat trade. The fertilo bottoms drainod by theso streams produce, in pro fusion, the staple articles of food so much needed by the planters of Georgia, South Carolina and Alaba ma. The other terminus of our Road is in the city of Atlanta, from which point radiate three great lines of Rail-ways which embrace in their continu ations and branches the whole of Georgia, most of South Carolina, and a portion of Alabama; they also connect the navigable waters of the Gulf with tho Atlantic ocean, dispensing the benefits of cheap and sudden communication lor trade and travel, to nearly two millions of people. Our State Road / forms tho only connecting link between these great Rail Road centres—Chattanooga and Atlanta- and no other line can ever bo built which will so riously interfere with our monopoly, for the confor mation of the country forbids it. Between Norfolk Va.. on the Atlantic, and Mobile on the Gulf, there is no seaport, which will not be reached or controled by the lines diverging from Atlanta. This secures tho concentration of tho Miss.ssippi Valley trade at that point, over ourgßoad to bo distributed by its connecting roads over this oxtended section. Tholes put business, mostly local, amounts to noarly a thousand dollars per day. This local trade and travel will undoubtedly increase for some years to come, at the rate of 20 per cent, per annum, as the resources of the Cherokee country, have hardly begun to be developed. Tbu Committee nattc'- themselves that the receipts for tho next fiscal year will amount to 350,000 dollars of which 50 per cent, should be net profits. When all tho connecting roads shall have been finished and tho immense resources of the country developed, wo believe that tho receipts will ulti mately fall not much short of a million of dollars per annum. Other roads conduct their business with an expenditure of less than 50 per cent, upon their gross receipts. If the Committee should bo sustained in their calculations by future results and our rates of nett profits be the same as on other road 3, our State would receive an annual income of 500,000 dollars, and thus at length be repaid for those sacrifices to a work which has contributed so much to givo her character at home and abroad. With these bright prospects in tho future, let us not desert this enterprise in its hour of need, let us not falter in this stupendous work, for tho pride of our State is involved, but go boldly on and perfect the pledge practically made to the States of the Mississippi Valley. They have depended upon our Road as an outlet for their trade, let us not deceive them. Wat. F. Fannin, 1 Samuel Faris, „ Lewis Tumlin, f Committcc - B. H. Perkins, J destructive Conflagration. A recent fire in Portland, Maine, destroyed twenty-seven stores, damaged nine vessels, and consumed over one hundred thousand dollars worth of merchandise. There was an insurance on goods and buildings for $7,000 in the Insu rance and Banking Company ot this city. The London Times, in an article deprecating the interference of England with the affairs of the Continent, states, on good authority, that the national defences, which have been mainly and substantially international interference, have cost the ountry during the present century alone, more than 1,200,000.000£., rather more than half of which was spent the fourteen years of actual war. The average annual expenditure of the British navy, army, and ordnance in these fourteen years was 45,259,615£. In the six years from 1809 to 1814, it was 58,092,906£, the aggregate being 343,558,438£. In the year 1814 alone, the expenditure under these three heads was 71,- 686,707£. and if to this sum be added the inter est of the debt, all of which had been incurred in the prosecution of w T ars, it will be seen that these branches of the expenditure amounted, in that one year, to 101,738,072£, a large part of which was expended in foreign countries, and conse quently was abstracted from the capital of the nation. The aggregate expenditure from 1793 to 1818, amounted to 46,289,4 59£, of which about two-thirds (30,582,258£,) were expended in the ten years that preceded 1814. All the nations of Europe, except Turkey, Italy, and France, figure in this list, of which it is sufficient to give the year 1814:—Spain, 450,000£j; Por tugal, 1,500,000£; Sicily, 316,667£; Sweden, 800,000£; Russia. 2,169,982£; Prussia, i;319,- 129£ ; Austria, 1,664,882£; advanced to Louis XVIII, 200,000£; Hanover, 500,000£; Den mark, 121,918£; total for the year 1814. 8,442,- 578£; in addition to the above mentioned sum of 101,738,072£, w'ar expenses in the same year. A Crystal Palace in New York.— A peti tion is about to be presented to the Common Council of New York for the use of Madison square for the erection of a Crystal Palace to ac commodate the second Great World’s Fair in 1852. Mr. Paxton has made the design—soo by 200 feet, two stories; and the contractors agree to have the structure completed in three montlis. Mr. Riddle, Unithd States commissioner to the World’s Fair, has the pledge of some seven hun dred contributors of rtaicles. , Legislative Proceedings. . Milledgeville, Dec. 10,1851. I feel called upon, if you will permit me, in justice to Col. Walker, one of the Representa tives from Richmond county, to set him right before the country, in regard to the ground he took in opposition to the visit of the members of the Legislature to Savannah. The Savannah Republican has fallen into the error of publishing to the world, that Col. W. was impelled, in his course, by motives of jeal ousy for the growing prosperity of the city of Savannah. I am certain the liberal and un biased editors of that journal, as soon as they shall have been satisfied that they have been wrongly informed, or drawn improper conclu sions from the reported action of the Legisla ture on that topic, will relieve Col. W. from the imputation of having taken a hostile attitude to the interests of our sister city, and withdraw a charge prematurely made. I was present, during the entire discussion of the matter in question, and know that Col. W’s opposition was predicated upon what he consid ered the interests and legislation of the State demanded. He was careful to disclaim hostility to Savannah, and he avowed hostility to any interruption to the business of the State, only and exclusively. Col. W. is the friend of our principal, nay, our only seaport. His recorded votes in favor of measures touching her interests, attest it. And I feel authorised in saying, that when other measures, now in progress, in which she has a heavy stake, Col. W. will be found “armed and equipped,” to do battle for her. He, as well as other Georgians, know, that if he has to contend with any rival of Augusta, that rival is up the coast, and notdow r n the Savannah. I have had the good fortune to obtain one of a few copies of a memorial from the Legislature of Tennessee, to that of our State. It has been re ferred to the Committee on Internal Improve ments, to consider and report upon. If the doc ument did not contain matter bearing upon the rights and interests of your city, I would have i remained silent till the committee had made their report. As it is, my intention is to furnish you with the facts w’ithout delay, that you might examine them, and make such comments as you might think the truth of the case demands. The entire forenoon was taken up in the House, in debating motions to re-consider the substitute of the Judiciary Committee, and the original bill to prohibit the importation of ne groes into this State. Those who spoke in favor of the motions, Messrs. Hill, Bartow, Stephens, Sgward. and Tift, did so on the ground, mainly that the bill contains many objections and im perfections which ought to be removed and cor ro<?tod. TnoSe -wix» objected to the motions. Messrs. McDougald, Russell, and Floyd, were satisfied with the bill as passed. From the temper of the debate, which was rather warm, and somewhat seasoned with personalities, it is not possible to say how long it would have been protracted, had it not been arrested by a sustain ed call for the previous question. The House refused to re-consider the substitute by a vote ot 49 to 69, and agreed to re-consider the passed bill by a vote of 82 to 36. In the Senate, Mr. Slaughter made a long and well written report on the condition, prospects) and wants of the Lunatic Asylum. It speaks in highly favorable terms of that institution, re commending several improvements, which, if carried out by the Legislature, will contribute largely to its usefulness. The document is to be printed, hence I forbear making any further remarks upon it. Mr. Harman laid a resolution on the table tendering seats, within the bar of the Senate, to Mr. Kerr Boyce, from Charleston, and Mr. Jas. E. Whitesides, from Tennessee. I have no right to suspect the object of these gentlemen’s mis sion ; yet, I have no fears that their influence will be any greater on the floor of the Senate than on the benches of the gallery. Mr. McCune introduced a bill to change the penalty for the offence of Larceny from the House, in certain cases. A resolution was agreed to, requiring the Gov ernor to inquire iftto the causes of the recent runs off upon the State Road, and if practicable, not to prevent.the engines lately ordered, to be placed upon the track, till a new organization is effected. The remainder of the afternoon was taken up in discussihg the bill to incorporate the Bank of j Atlanta. ! Mr. Calhoun made a long and able speech in favor ol the bill, and Mr. Fuller an equally strong one against it. The Senate adjourned to 3 o’clock without ta king a vote on the bill. Thr EE o’ctOCK, P. M. Ihe following bills were introduced : By Mr. \as worthy—To authorise Aug. H Anderson and Moses P. Greene to erect a toll bridge across Ogeechee River, on their own land. By Mr. Shewmake—To regulate the retailing of spirituous liquors in the county of Burke. This bill forbids Clerks of the Inferior Court to issue licenses to any one unless on the recom mendation of a majority of the Justices. Mr. Moreland submitted the report on the Lunatic Asylum, accompanied by a bill to make appropriations for useful and necessary impro vements. It recommends $50,000 for enclos ing the premises with a suitable an substantial wall, &c. It also recommends and increase of the Superintendant’s salary from $1,500 to sl,- 800, founded, very justly too, upon the increased duties of that officer. It should be borne in mind, that when the Asylum first went into effect, and for a few years afterwards, the number of pa tients was small, and hence required, compara tively, but a small portion of the time and at tention of that officer. Now, the number has so far increased as to demand every minute of his attention, even to an encroachment upon those hours which nature demands for relief from ar dous labors. Mr. Stephens presented the memorial of the Southern Agricultural and Mechanical Institute, which was, without being read, referred to the Committee on Internal Improvements. Mr. Bartow, from the Committee on Internal Improvements, reported a bill to provide means for equipping, repairing and paying off the lia bilities of the Western & Atlantic Railroad.— The bill provides for the issuing of State Bunds to the amount of $750,000, bearing interest at 6 per cent, per annum, —redeemable 20 years after date—interest payable semi-annually, with in the United States. Mr. Harper introduced a memorial and bill for a new county from Newton, Jasper and Mor gan, to be called “ Marshall.” The bill giving the election of Judges to the people, was made the special order for next Tuesday, and the bill for the government of the State Road, for Wednesday next. The Senate has rejected the bill to incorporate a Bank at Atlanta, by a vote of 17 to 23. (Cotrcspondence of the Baltimore Sun.) Thirty Second Congress—First Session. Washington, Dec. 9,1851. Mr. Houston appeared to-day. After the presentation of a large number of petitions and memorials. Mr»Stockton presented a petition from citi zens of New Jersey, asking the interposition of this government in behalf of Mr. John S. Thrasher, lately condetnend and imprisoned after a mock trial by the authorities of Cuba. Mr. Stockton said that he would, at present, wait for information before making any move ment in the matter, and with that view sub mitted a resolution calling upon the President to communicate all the information in his posses sion, touching the imprisonment of Mr. Thrasher which was adopted. Mr. Hale introduced a joint resolution author izing the President to interpose friendly ' offices with the French ’-Republic in behalf of Abdel Kader. Mr. Bright introduced his resolution to lein state the 49th rule, so as to have Senate officers elected. A large number ot bills were introduced and referred. Mr. Shields moved to postpone the resolution concerning the compromise acts; and to take up the resolution extending a welcome to Kossuth. Mr. Seward addressed the Senate at length in support of the resolution. Mr. Berrien opposed the resolution in a speech of an hour, the bearing of which can be best con densed by giving an amendment he proposed to be added to the resolution, which was as fallows: “Jlnd be it further resolved , That the welcome thus offered to Louis Kossuth be extended to his associate Hungarian exiles who have landed on our shores; but while welcoming these Hunga rian patriots to an asylum in our country, and to the protection which our laws will afford to them, it is due to candor to declare, that it is not the purpose of Congress to depart from the set tled policy of this Government, which forbids all interference with the domestic concerns of other nations.” Mr. Hale and Mr. Foote replied, and in sup port of the resolution. Mr. Miller advocated the resolution, but dis claimed any idga of going beyond a welcome to Kossuth, the exile. Mr. Sumner got the floor, and then the Senate adjourned. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. After the reading of the journals, several mem bers attended and were sworn in. The Clerk then read the list of Standing Com mittees, which had been appointed by the Spea ker. A message was received from the Senate, in forming the House that they had passed a joint resolution authorzing the appointment of a Chap lain by each House, who should interchange weekly. Mr. Jones, of Tenn., said he would not make a speech on the occasion, but should oppose the passage of the resolution for two reasons—first, because they have no power, and secondly, be cause he considered it a burrlesque upon the Christian religion. He therefore moved that the resolution be laid on the table. The ayes and nays being demanded, the ques tion was negatived by a vote of 22 in the affir mative and 159 in the negative. Mr. Henn, of lowa, then moved an amend ment, that the Chaplain should receive no com pensation from the Treasury of the United States; and Mr. Evans, of Maryland, called for the pre vious question, which was sustained, and a call for the ayes and nays was negatived. The resolution, as originally proposed, was then put and carried; and the House proceeded to the choice of a Chaplain, the following Reverend gentlemen having been nominated:—Messrs. Cushman, Westbrook, Beaman, Gurley, Wishart, Wisner, Morgan, Emerson, Freeman, Finney, Gallagher, Jaley, Jenkins, and Dorsey. The Rev. Mr. Gurley received 70 votes, but 97 being necessary for a choice, the list was again called, when Mr. Gurley had 87 votes, and Mr. Mor gan, who, at the first ballot, had 35, increased the number to 40. There not being suffisient for a choice, there was a third ballot, during which a number of the members changed their minds, and it ultimately settled down at eighty tour for Gurley and eighty two for Morgan. This number also being insuf ficient for a choice, a fourth and last ballot took place, when Mr. Morgan had one hundred and three votes, and Mr. Gurley eighty three. The former gentleman is elected Chaplain of the House ol Representatives. Mr. Hawes, of New York, gave notice that he would, at some future day, ask leave to introduce a bill to amend an act entitled an act to regulate the carriage of passengers in merchant vessels. The House adjourned. [Telegraphed for the Charleston Courier. ] New Orleans, Dec. 11, 9.20 P. M. Eight thousand bales of Cotton were sold to day, at steady prices. Strict Middling was worth 7|c. Molasses has declined—prime is quoted at 22 cents. Rio Coffee has also declined, —two thous and bags of the new crop were sold at 81 cents. Sterling Exchange was quoted at from 8 to 10 prem. Freights have advanced, and Cotton to Liverpool is quoted at 15-32 d. Arrived to-day ships River Dale, Mount Ver non, Caroline & Mary from New York, Sheffield and brig Toledo from Boston. Columbia, Dec. 11, 6.25 P. M. The Cotton market continues active at full prices, and a fraction higher than the current rates oi yesterday was obtained in several instan ces. The sales comprise 1009 bales. Columbia, Dec. 11, 9,50 P. M. The Bill to renew the Charters of the “Com mercial” Bank in this town, and of the “Plan ters’ and Mechanics’ ” and “Union” Banks in Charleston, was discussed to-day and the debate resulted in the extension of their Charters to De cember, 1854. A Strange Coincidence. —Mr. Webster, Mr. Calhoun, Mr. Cass, Mr. Benton, and Mr. Van Buren were all born in thejyear 1782. VOL. XV.—NO. M 6 (From tfie IV. O. '■Picayune.) From the Rio Grande. By tho arrival last night of the steamship Fanny, Capt. Pennoek, we have received copies of the Brownsville Rio Bravo of the 19th and 20th ult. ■ '"°r^ avo n . ot hing definite in regard to the posi tion of Carvajal. VVe presume that ho is encamped ai a place called Las Palmas, some distance up the river. r arr ‘ a* Matamoras on the 19th ult. with 500 mon and five pioces of artillery. HU ior-es consisted of a fair proportion of infantry, cavalry, and artillory, Gen. Jauregui had arrived from Monterey and encampci near Carvajal. A letter from the camp ot the latter, dated November 23d, says: , V.;<* are all anxiously expecting the news of a oattle of a desperate character, and by the time you receive this, there is very little doubt but the arms of Carvajal will have gained a victory com mensurate with the exigences of the g'oat occasion. His force is now about five hundred of the best fighting monos the country. He has »een, for the last ten days, purging his ahny of the men who havo been so famous for giving a reputation of a disreputable character, and now probably boasts of a sot of men second to nono in point of honor and respectability which tho country has ever seen. He is getting every day more and more qualified to meet tho emergencies of his great and growing cause. By strict attention to bis men, and persevering endeavors to enforce discipline amongst all hu troops, ho has a force combining tho strength of the regular army, together with the zeal and enthu siasm of the volunteer service. We hear every day of largo bodies of men preparing themselves to join him early in the coming month. Another letter contains the following : Carvajal is hourly receiving reimorcoments of the most desirable character, and beioro this timo, we doubt not, ho has assaulted and carried Jauregui’s camp. Iho general has about 800 mon and seven pioces of artillery. Ho cannot withstand Carvty al’s attack for a singlo hour. His defuat will open the road to Monterey for the liberators, and the seizure of goods referred to, will afford a most timely aid in this critical emergency. Gen. Uraga, on arriving afir Matamoros, issued a proclamation, calling on the people to rally to the standard of tho Government, and assist in repelling the invaders. Gen. Avalos has issued and order declaring that Matamoros is tho only port] rocognized in that vi cinity, and that tho goods introduced into Camargo and Reynosa are illegally imported. The ltio Bravo loans that ordors have been received from the Gov ernment at Mexico, that goods not contraband, en tered under tho late tariff of the ex-officio Govern, raent, Gen. Avalos, have permission to be taken into tho interior, bonds boing required for the difference between the rates fixed by Ia& and tho amounts alroady paid under the rovolutionarly tariff afore said. Tho prohibited goods to remain in store at Matamoros. A fatal affray with pistols occurred at Edinburgh, San Patricio county, a few days since, between a Dr. Kvwarto and a Capt. Ross, which resulted in the death of Ross From accounts of tho affair, the Rio Bravo says that Ross seems to havo boeu in fault and the other perfectly justifiable, as j-1 was proven that he was acting in self-defence. Richmond, Dec. 9. Virginia Election. —At the close of the polls to-day, in this city, Summers, Whig, tor Gover nor had 823 majority, being a whig gain of 104 since the last Presidential election. In Albe marle county, Summers majority is 100. Tay lor’s majority 218. Staunton, in Augusta coun ty, gives Summers 400 majority: Taylor’s was about 200. Johnson is probably elected Governor. The returns of the Legislature are too meagre to jus tify an opinion. Norfolk, Dec. 9. The democrats made are at nmrtinna tvwlay and succeeded in slightly reducing the whig majority. Johnson’s (dem.) majority in Nor folk county is 228, in Princess Anne 27, and in Isle of Wight 400. Summers (whig) has 76 majority in Nansemond. K \D words IN THE Family. —There are few families, we imagine, any where, in which love is not abused as furnishing a license for impolite ness. A husband, father, or brother, will speak harsh words to those whom he loves the best simply because the security of love and family pride keeps him from getting his head broken. It is a shame that a man will speak more impo litely, at times, to his wife or his sister, than he would dare to any female, except a low vicious one. It is thus that the holiest affections of man’s nature prove to be a weaker protection to woman in the family circle, than the restraint* of society: and that a woman, usually, is in debted for the kindest politeness of |life to those not belonging to her household. Things ought not so to be. The man who, be cause it will not be resented, inflicts his spleen and bad temper upon those of his hearthstone, is a small coward and a very mean man. Kind words are the circulating medium between tme gentlemen and true ladies, at home, and no polish exhibited in society can atone for the hard and disrespectful treatment too often indulged in between those bound together by God’s own ties of blood, and the still more sacred bonds of con jugal love. Noble Sentiments. —This is an agreeable world after all. If we would only bring ourselves [ to look at the subjects that surround us in their r true light, we should see beauty where we be held deformity, and listen to harmony where we | h.. ird nothing but discord. To be sure there is a , great deal of vexation and anxiety to meet; we cannot sail upon a summer coast forever; yet if we preserve a calm eye and a steady hand, we can so trim our sails and manage our helm, as to avoid the quicksands, and weather the storms that threaten shipwreck. We are members of one great family; we are traveling the same road, and shall arrive at the same goal.— We breathe the same air, are subject to the same bounty, and we shall lie down upon the bosom of our common mother. It is not becoming, then, that brother should hate brother; it is not proper that friend should deceive friend; it is not right that neighbor should deceive neighbor. We pity that man who can harbor enmity against his fellow; he loses half the enjoy ment of life; he embitters his own existence. Let us tear from our eyes the colored medium that invests every object with the green hue of jealousy and suspicion; turn a deaf ear to scandal; breathe the spirit of charity from our hearts; let the rich gushings of hi.man kindness swell up as a foun tain, so that the “golden age’’ will become no Action, and islands of the blessed bloom in more than “Hypernian beauty.” Where is the Dictionary. —The following is an exact copy of a note handed a few days since by a little French boy to his school-mia tress, as an excuse for absence from school: “Adolph he coulden com becos he diden fiel vel.” A lady’s name is signed at the bottom. W ■ have not the pleasure of knowing the parties, but we would beg leave respectfully to repeat the question, “where is the dictionary I — N, 0. Pic. TO PHYSICIANS & MEDICAL STUDENTS, THE SUBSCRIBER, has now oh hand a full and oomplete assortment of fresh and gen uine MEDICINES, Belocted by himself, suitable to the medical practice of the South, and as such, are fully recommended to the profession generally— Catalogues of the noccssary articles fora pr&otition er just sitting out, furnishod gratis. All order* at tended to with promptness and desj atch. A liberal allowance made, whon are for cash. WM. HAINES, deo'l3 City Drug Store, 217 Broad-*,