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TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. Daily—one year $lO 00 " six months ' 500 “ three months 250 Tki-Weekly—one year . 5 00 “ six months 250 Weekly—one year 2 00 six months {OO Single copies, 5 cts. To news dealers, i'A cts. Subscriptions must in all cases be paid in advance. The j>aper will bo discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. JAB. G. BAILIE, ) IRANCIS COGIlli, Proprietors GEO. T. JACKSON J Address all Letters to H. C. STEVENSON, Manager. Wednesday Morning, Sept. 1, 1875. Sergeant Bates has declared his inten tion to offer his services to the Sultan to aid in suppressing the insurrection in Her zegovina. Let 11s hope that his offer will be accepted and that he will be set to car rying the crescent instead of the starry banner. A flag with even a part of a moon on it is the proper thing for such a lunatic to tote.- [Philadelphia Times. By our special from Sandersville it will bo seen tint the Grand Jury yesterday found true bills against Cordy Harris, Prince Rivers, Joe Morris and other leaders in the late effort to incite insurrec tion. The balance of the day was taken up by Akekuan, who entered a demurer and made a speech, and Attorney General Ham mond in answer. Judge Johnson over ruled the motion, and the trial proceeds to day. The suicide of a quiet farmer is some thing remarkable and rarely h ard of; yet we publish the details of one this morning in the Georgia news column. It takes, we thought, the glittering, false, fickle and gay life of a city, with its hopes and mis fortunes, its deceit and realization, to craze the human brain and uplift the hand of the suicide. In the country the mind should be too much at rest to be disturbed to the extent of derangement. In tho case in question it was caused by disease. Turkey claims that she is about to de tach Montenegro from the rebellion by making concessions of territory. If this is true it will be regretted by the Christian world, for with the assistance of that pro vince Herzegovinia had a good chance to drive out the Mahommedan and achieve independence. It may whip the Turks sin gle handed, however. Montenegro is los ing a line opportunity to rid herself of the most worthless set of vagabonds on earth, who have loided it over that country for hundreds of years. The financial news this morning is bad enough. Four or five additional failures for great and small amounts are reported, it is difficult indeed to tell when this crisis widen!. The people of the South are no more interested than spectators. Their c >tton crop is just beginning to move to market, and as it is controlled and paid for by England, they are independent of the North. Tho situation of that people is simply desperate, and getting worse and worse every day. We refer the reader to almost the whole body of the paper for the details, for the events transpiring are so momentous we give them in full. The direct cable has caused a deal of, trouble; more, indeed, than any one ever attempted to be laid, except the first. The Farraday, which was laying it. several months ago, and lost it, has again grappled the eastern end, and was yesterday tele graphing to London from on board ship and in mid ocean. We hope it will soon successfully bring the line ashore. This will make the fourth line under the ocean from shore to shore between Europe and America. It is hard, even now, to realize that our readers can this morning peruse trie events which took place up to twelve o’clock last night in Constantinople. But such is the fact. J edge Hersuhel V. Johnson’s charge to the Washington county grand jury, which we printed yesterday, was just such a mas terly and conservative legal document as might have been expected from that great man. He told the jurors that they must divest themselves of all passion and prejudice and look alone at the law and the facts. It is evident—it is all over the face of this grand document—that this good man has naught but pity for the deluded creatures who have been seduced into this foolish businesShe first idea of a man of sense, who understands the position of the two races in Georgia, upon reading the details of this fiasco, would be that the ne gro who attempted is was more fool than knave. We take it that Judge Johnson, 1 ike almost every other good man in Geor gia, only wishes to punish them to the ex tent of driving insurrectionary measures out of their thick head sand nothing more. Our Cotton Year closed yesterday. As will be seen by statements on our fourth page, Augusta received 179,291 bales, against 200,017 bales last year, a falling off in our receipts of 20,716. This, how ever, must not be attributed to any decline of the commerce of our city, but as will be seen, so soon as tiie statistics are made up, to the falling off of the general crop We have received our full quota from every section ever covered by our trade. We have handled almost one-twentieth of the entire crop of the United States. We have on hand 90S bales, having sold 178,383. Estimating the wortli of each bale at $57.20, wo have disbursed here to tho planters during the year $10,608,000. This is indeed a sum of money sufficient within itself to defray the expenses of an Empire of one hundred and fifty years ago. In view of this mag nificent sum of money set afloat here every year, it is incomprehensible that wo should know or feel hard times. But cotton is only one, though of course, the main item of our exports. We manufacture and send away at least $500,000 worth of cotton goods per annum from the mills in and ad jacent to the city, and in Hour, fruit, to bacco, cigars, etc., at least that much more. The gross revenue of the city may be stated at at least $12,000,000 for the year ending iast night. Our ligures are nastily nude an l without reference to ac curate data. WtNDELL Phillips’ letter ou the cur rency question, which we publish this morning, is a regular bomb charg ed into the Republican camp. He fairly riddles the hard money men and demon strates, as Gov. Allen lias pithily declared, that anything like immediate specie re sumpiiou is a “ barren ideality.” He shows tiie fallacy of the specie basis, and draws proof from many sources that a contraction of tiie currency at this or any approximate time, would whelm the country in ruin. When Mr. Phillips breaks loose from his craze on the subject of negro equality, he is aluminous and powerful thinker. Ho has the sagacity to perceive that the Ohio Democracy are sounding the true key note of the political situation, and his effort, like that of Benj. F. Butler, is to, if possible, take the wind out of their sails. Of Mr. Phillips and his letter, the New York Herald says: “It is very plain that Mr. Phillips has taken the trouble to read, and had, of course, the ability to understand, the best writers on finance. The skill with which he evades the general ly accepted conclusions of these writers is something as amusing as it is wonderful; and the ability with which he touches the weak and blundering parts of our present financial system shows that the advocacy of sound currency have in him an antago nist who will force them to do what very many of them have not yet done—under stand thoroughly their own side of the question.” Of course the Heratl, being a hard-money organ, has to say something to break the force of Mr. Phillips’ argu ment, but it utterly fails to controvert a single point he maintains, with all the force of hi i extraordinary acumen and jnastery of language. Slje 2tttC|Msta Constitufioniilist. Established 1799. THE INSURRECTION. True Bills Against Corday Harris, Prince Rivers, Joe Morris and Others—A Formal Arraignment— Akermau Demurs and is Overruled. [Special to tho Constitutionalist.l Sandersville, Ga., via Tenniij.e, j August 31, 1875. ) The grand jury found a true bill against Cordy Harris,'Prince Rivers, Joseph Morris, Jerry Walters, Asa Gil more aud Neil Houston, for attempt to incite insurrection. Judge Johnson re quired a formal arraignment, aud the full requirements of law in this respect were observed. Amos T. Akermau, who said he appeared for Corday Har ris, demurred to the indictment in a long speech, in which ho saicl the ne groes had a full right to form military organizations, even if oath bound, if they desired. Attorney General Ham mond replied, and the demurrer was overruled. Trials open to-merrow. Tyrone. A NEGRO RIOT IN LAURENS COUNTY. The Sheriff Resisted, an Attempt upon liis Life, and two Negroes Killed—A Mob of One Hundred Negroes Massed in the Vicinity—More Trouble Antici pated. [Special-to the Constitutionalist.] Cochran, Ga., August 31, 1875. Yesterday morning a squad of ne groes resisted the Sheriff’s posse of Laurens county, about eighteen miles from this place, known as the Rocky Creek Section. The negroes would not listen to the reasoning of tho Sheriff, and when he went in reach of one to arrest him, tho negro placed a gun against the Sheriff’s breast and bursted two caps which cost him his life and one of his comrades and the wounding of another. This morning by nine o'clock the negroes had massed in the vicinity in arms to the number of one hundred and upwards with consider able threats what would be done to night. So reported here by one of the Sheriff’s posse who came here for am munition. FROM WASHINGTON. The Columbia Typographical Union Washington, August 31. —The Colum bia Typographical Union have sus pended at their request down-town printers for six mouths, to form a Union of their own, and in the mean time make any arrangements they please with their employers. By this action the Government printers cease to have a voice in the affairs of private workmen. Capital Notes. Washington, August 31.—Thacher, Commissioner of Patents, lias resigned. R. H. Duell, of New York, will probably succeed. The authority for tie em ploymeut of special clerks to revenue supervisors is revoked. The Treasury Department reconsidered its determina tion regarding the transfer of gold to the Pacific coast. Fifty thousand is transferred to San Francisco for the benefit of the bank in Oregon. Treas urer New says no further transfers can be made. Hereafter guagers’ fees will be computed upon each day’s work : First ten gallons, 10 cents; next, 25 cents; next, 101 cents ; next 200)4 cents; next, 500 1-5 cents; all over 1,030 gallons per day, one-twelfth of a cent. On all spirits withdrawn from warehouse, fees to be ono-fifth of one per cent per gallon. DECISION OF TIIE POSTMASTER GENERAL. Democratic Papers as Dirty Dump Carts. Washington, August 31.—The Post master General has addressed the fol lowing letter to the proprietors of the Maine Standard, in answer to their complaint that the paper had been tampered with in the mails : Gentlemen :—Your favor of the 28th inst. is at hand, and noted. You state that tiie Maine Standard, addressed to regular subscribers, has been opened in Post Offices and Republican cam paign documents folded inside and de livered to subscribers, and ask if such conduct is to be tolerated by this Department. In reply, I have to say that such action is in direct viola tion of the rules of the department of decency and of the proprieties of offi cial position. If you will present to this department tho proof that any of ficer or employe has been guilty of the offense charged, he shall be at once dismissed the service ; and I hereby request you to do so in order that im mediate action may be taken. (Signed) Very respectfully yours, Marshall Jewell. Minor Telegrams. Chicago, August 31. — The stone cut ters struck for three dollars a day. A few small firms that have contracts ac ceded. Troy, August 31. — The attendance at the amateur regatta was very large. Tho four-oared crews were between the Atalantas aud Mutuals, of Albany, and the Friendships, of New York. Dis tance, one mile aud a half. Atalantas won by a length; Mutuals second, and Friendships five lengths iu the rear. Time, 8:22)4- New York, August 31.—Among the passengers for Europe by Cu nard steamer Scythia to-day were Drs. J. A. Adrian, of Indiana, aud E. C. Howard, of this city. They were chosen by the United States National Medical Association which met in Lou isville in May last as delegates to the International Medical Congress, wiiich meets in Brussels, Belgium, September 19. THE COTTON SITUATION. Review of the Week. New York, August 31. —To-day is the last cf the cotton year. The following is a comparative cotton statement for the four days ending to-day: Net re ceipts at all United States ports, 4,315; same week last year, 3,230; total to date, 3,473,034; to same date last year, 3,763,814; exports, 3,010; same week last year, 5,380; total to date, 2,060,201; to same date last year, 2,811,424; 3tock at all United States ports, 71,722; same time last year, 106,789. THE'TURF. Boston Races. Boston, August 31.—Sleepy George won the 85,000 purse aud pacing cham pionship. Fastest heat, 2:21. AUGUSTA. C4A.., |VED]SrESDA.Y, SEPTEMBER 1, 1870. THE HARD MONEY CRISIS. More Canadian Failures. Montreal, August 31.—D. P. Brown, broker, has assigned. M. H. Seymour has suspended. * Liabilities, 8200,000. Funeral of fm. C. Ralston. San Francisco, August 31.—Ralston’s funeral was most imposing. Calvary Church was surrounded by twenty thousand persons, who were unable to gain admittance. The ceremonies at the cemetery were conducted according to Odd Fellows’ rites. Failure of Lee & Slieplierd. New York, August 31. —The liabilities of Lee & Shepherd, of Boston, are 8350,000. They are expected to pay 50 cents on the dollar. Lee, Shepherd & Dillingham, of New York, is a sepa rate concern, except that Lee & Shep herd own two-thirds interest. Dilling ham has made an assignment. The liabilities of the New York house are 8150,000. Failure of the Market Company, of Paterson, N. J. Washington, August 31.—The Mar ket Company, of Paterson, N. J., has been enjoined from doing further busi ness. Liabilities, 8250,000. The Cala Bank in Trouble. Judge Brady granted an attachment agaiust the property of tho Cala Bank in this State. The suit of James D. Harper and James H. Goldby brought on the bill of exchange drawn by the defendants on the Oriental Bank, of London, for 815,000, which was pro tested. Failure of Another Canadian Firm. Toronto, Ont., August 31.—Robert Griffith & Cos., wholesale grocers, have made an assignment. Failure of the American Note Trust Company of New Haven. Norwich, Conn., August 31. —Insur- ance Commissioner Stedmau appeared before Chief Justice Park to give bonds before taking the assets of the Ameri can Note Trust Company of New Haven into his hands to-morrow, but was served with a temporary injunctiou from Judge Beardsley, of the Superior Court, prohibiting him from further proceedings, and no hearing was had. Sharon “Moving Heaven and Earth” to Resume. San Francisco, August 31. —Mr. Sha ron says of tiie California Bauk : “We are moving heaven and earth to re open.” It is possible, and not improb able, that the bank will resume. The California Financial Situation. San Francisco, August 31.—The financial situation developed no new features this morning. The National Gold Bank and Trust Company and Merchants Exchange Bank remain closed. The election to-morrow be gins to engross a large share of public attention, which is heightened by con tradictory reports believed to have political significance as to the condition of the Bank of California aud the prospects of its resuming. An English Failure. London, August 31.—Henry Druitt & Cos. failed for 8100,000. Failure of A. Castle & Cos. New York, August 31.—Leopold Baumbirger, assignee of Samuel A. Cistle & Cos., filed a schedule of tiie company’s affairs to-day, showing debts 8197,954; assets 829,817. Three to Three and a Half Million of Assets Missing. San Francisco, August 31.—1n con nection with recent rumors concerning the affairs of tiie Bank of California respecting over issue stock, the disap pearance of securities aud other fraud ulent proceedings. This much is known positively—that from three to three and a half millions of the assets of the bank have been very recently ab stracted without the knowledge of the Directors. How this has been done is not known at present. The Directors are still busy examining the state of affairs, but it, is not known when their report will be ready. No new facts developed concerning the resumption of the bank. California by same statement is regarded as an elec tioneering job, though among business men there seems to be considerable dis position to believe it, and some more hopeful express confidence that it will reopen in a few days. No intimation of the condition of the bank is given by the directors. It is impossible at present to speculate with any assurance of correctness. Rumored Failure of Burling Bros, for Two Millions. A rumor has prevailed during this p. m., which may have gone east, that Burling Bros., one of the most promi nent firms of stock brokers, have fail ed for two million dollars. Inquiry fails to confirm the report. It is true that the firm is affected to the amount of about half a million by the suspen sion of the Bank of California, but it is believed they are able to stand it. It is stated on good authority that Mr. Sharon will back them up if any aid is needed. THE DIRECT CABLE. The Faraday Picks Up One End. London, August 31.—The steamer Faraday has recovered tho end of the Eastern portion of the direct cable, and is now in telegraphic communica tion with London, but she has not yet succeeded in finding the western sec tion of the cable, and reports that un favorable weather retards operations. FROM CHINA. Assault ou an American Engineer. Shanghai, August 31.—Mr. Hender son, Chief Engineer in the maritime custom service, and a lighthouse keep er on Chautung promontory, with their Chinese employees, have been attacked and beaten by neighboring villagers. It is alleged that the outrage was insti gated by a mandarin whom Mr. Hen derson visited. ARMY OF THE CUMBERLAND. Reunion at Utica. Utica, N. Y., August 31.— The Com mittee of Arrangements for the Army of the Cumberland Reunion, at Utica, has received word that Generals Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, Hooker, Custer, Coburn, Murry of Kentucky, and many others will be present. LARGE FIRE IN BROOKLYN. Baxter, Bell & Cos. Burned Out. New York, August 31.—Baxter, Bell & Co.’s white lead works, Brooklyn, and several adjoining buildings, burned. Baxter & Bell lose 8143,000, with 862,- 000 insurance; other losses 8100,000. State officers in Nebraska have no fees and it takes them an' hour and a half to answer a civil question. THE WAR [IN TURKEY j Rumored Neutrality of Montenegro. — 4 — London, August ;|1. — It is stated that Turkey has sect:r-<| Montenegro’s neu trality by certain territorial considera tions. Twenty-one* thousand Bosnian Christians have refuged into Austria. It is rumored tlu|t Prince Milan, of Servia abdicated. I Ragusa, August 3J. —The Turks have thrown one thousand men into Tre biguo. A New Serv-an Ministry. Belgrade, Augus 31.—A new minis try has been formed. There is reason to believe it is mfjoly composed of members of the Y|ung Servia party, which aims at Serbian independence. Names to be annout ced to-night. Tiie War Alar mi in Egypt. Paris, August 33 — A private letter from Egypt repor [a great confusion and excitement theiL in consequence of military preparatioi? Troops are being dispatched to the Abyssinian frontier. At same time the ivhedive expects a call from the Porte aid in suppress ing the Herzegovinian rebellion. All officers on furlough] and among them Col. Long, have beet recalled. Synod of IrislijArclibisliops. Dublin, August EJU —The Synod of Irish Archbishops aid Bishops of the Romon Catholic CLufrch summoned by Cardinal Cullen, on |ie express author ity of the Pope, met at Maynooth to day. Cardinal Cullen presided. The proceedings were afield witli closed doors. It is understood that the edu cation question will be the principal subject of the delibeßations before the Synod. J —- Six Men t?> Hang. Little Rock, August 31.—Six men will be hanged Friday next. They were sentenced at the last- term of the Fede ral Court for murdei) Seizure of a California Whiskey Home. San Francisco, August 31. —The li quor house of Charles Jost & Cos. was seized with 15,000 gjllons of whiskey. A RESULT Of|tHE WAR. The “Equali U” Blight. [New York lliy Book.] Nigger equality l]as blighted this nation to the verge pT death, and we now see the most stiirtling cases of in dividual withering fJom touching the foul thing. Every? nigger-equality scheme on the eais.h, all over the planet, from a date |>aek so far as the movements of the \hnis des Noirs of France in 1780, wliicLj ended in tho hor rible St. Domingo mjtssacre in 1798, to the Abolition move oK England in 1820, which ended in the rdin of the beauti ful and prosperous Island of Jamaica, on and down to the Infamous nigger equality war in this country, which, at its opeuing in 1800, liouud the nation rich, prospering and kiappy, and left it a political, social anil financial wreck in 1805—all have proved the blighting influence of that falsej-ientiment. In the past decade we have roue down, down, down, till we find our|elves at this mo ment at a depth of adversity, which, considering tho condition we were in when tiie curse of niuger Republican ism fastened upon u| in 1800, has no parallel in tho historyjpf nations on this great globe. We havL fallen deeper in national woe in the Jpast fifteen years than any people call|ug themselves a sovereignty of intellilence, wealth aud political power, werefever before hurl ed; aud how we are Jo extricate our selves, is a which ordinary human wisdom seenjs hardly compe tent to answer. We lire reminded of the terrible infiuence of nig ger equality, in the |base of H. W. Beecher’s publishing louse of Ford & Cos., who have just fared; there is liter ally nothing left of |hem. They are withered as if by a cu'se from Heaven. They have published ;|ll Beecher’s nig ger equality issues i:g their miscella neous garbs, novels, sermons, essays, his journal, the Christian Union, and last, but not lei'3t, his “Life of Christ.” The result If a ten years’ business is thus sumlned up : Liabili ties, 8240,000 ; asset!*; , (estimated at 880,000, which would? uot bring ten cents on the dollar), pay 88,000; loss (through fhe blightingieurse of nigger ism), 8232,000. If Fjrd & Cos. had wasted their own capital only in this wretched business, it Evould not seem quite so hard, but the flosses fall upon the outside public, footings of liabilities and assets Is how so huge a gulf between them th:i, the blight must have struck the unfortunate, but blind house, with tiie sudde mess of a light ning stroke. So much*for the fruits of attempted nigger political and social equality. Beecher ant all liis tribe, high and low, ricli and* poor, who have been howling “niggei* equality,” are now paying the pemlty. The nation has been ruined by t|ie cry, but most unfortunately the pemuity is visited on the just as well as the|uujust. — Mr. Ilalstou and tie Directors. The New York Stal is inclined to think that Mr. Ratetoufruled the Bank of California and directed its enor mous speculations witl| the knowledge of the directors. Srfys the editor: They knew, and no dclibt encouraged, his social extravagance, his stock gambling temperameiii, his grasping and ill-regulated fimlncial ambition. Tho whole Bank of California clique, t herefore, must share In the downfall of the bank. Mr. Ralsfon was permit ted by this party to invest, nominally in his own name, but n/t at the exclu sive risk of his private! fortune, what ever that may have be|n, a million and three-quarters of mo>ey in the new Palace Hotel. * The St. Louis Times lives the follow ing specimen of the stj/lo of wedding notices which G. Washington Childs, A. M., would furnish : | Take away his little lrftcli-key, He will need cigars Jo more; Life is real, life iseanfast, Fiona this sad ami f jtal hour. Gone to meet his ifiother-in-law. “Heat generates molten.” Illustra tion : A small boy sitting down on a hot coal. l He who uses a th|ee-cent stamp where a two would suilice, does some thing toward wipiDg ojt the national debt, and is entitled tj liis country’s gratitude. I We are told nothin;? was made in vain ; but how about] a fashionable girl ? Is she not maideL vain ? A contemporary sayslhat fishing in the Tennessee River |s pretty good just now. The other day a fisherman hauled up his wife, whoihad been mis sing for two weeks, audf be saved tho 8200 reward he had offered for her re covery. | A Wisconsin farmer Gills his mules Facts, they are such stubborn things. Queen Victoria has 22jgranchildren, LETTER FROM MARIETTA. A First Glimpse of the North Geor gia Town Since 1864—A Prosperous Community Kenesaw Mountain War Reminiscences Gallantry of the Oglethorpes—Major Allen, Geo. P. Pournelle and Alexander Wilz lieim—The Days That are No More- Disgraceful Contrast—A Member of Congress in the Pulpit. [Correspondence of the Constitutionalist.] Marietta, Ga., August 30, 1875. I arrived in this beautiful little city on Saturday morning after an all-night ride from Augusta. This is the first time that I have seen Marietta since the Spring of 1864, when I passed through it on my way to Johnson’s army at Dalton. There are several visitors from Augusta here spending the Summer. Marietta is very prettily laid off and many of the residences are quite handsome. The business houses are mostly ai ranged on four sides of a square, iu the centre of which is a pleas ant little park much frequented by all classes of the citizens. The educational and religious advantages of the town are excellent, there being three good scjhools, and Methodist, Presbyterian, Baptist and Episcopal Churches. Ma rietta has two flour mills, a sash and blind factory aud also one for chairs and barrels. Tiie new Court House is a haudsome building and would reflect credit on even a larger city than Mari etta. The portions of the town that were destroyed by Sherman’s army hs,ve been almost entirely rebuilt. The general appearance of Marietta is at tractive, aud I imagine that it is a pleas ant place in which to spend the Sum mer. The inhabitants claim for it a population of nearly ten thousand. On Saturday afternoon I walked out to Kenesaw Mountain, three miles from Marietta. I ascended the moun tain and walked along the summit of that portion of it called Little Kene saw until I reached the line of works occupied by Mercer’s brigade of Walk er’s division during the greater part of June, 1864. I cannot describe the feel ing which came on me as I stood once more in the trenches and gazed upon the valley below, which, when I last be held it from this same position, was filled with hostile forces, to the right and left, as far as the eye could see. From my point of observation I could see far in the distance the Allatoona hills, and between them and Kenesaw the ridge along which our lines had ex tended from Dallas and New Hope Church, in the direction of the railroad. Before me lay spread out, like a grand panorama, the country over which, for nearly two months, the armies of John ston and Sherman marched and coun ter-marched and bitterly fought and struggled with each other, never once losing their grapple, all their move ments being attended by bloody en gagements between parties of eaeli army and by constant daily skir mishes,in which the roar of musketry ou the skirmish line, often accompanied by the thunder of artillery, would scarcely be distinguished from the sound of a general engagement. Now h,ov changed the scene! On the hill sides and in the valleys are fields of corn and cotton, and here and there may be seen a negro cabin or a farm er’s house. To my ear are borne the distant voices of the workmen in the fields as they halloo to each other, the shouts of children and the barkitfg of dogs in pursuit of some timorous hare. The last time that I stood in these trenches on Kenesaw Mountain was the evening of the 26th of June, 1864. The company of which I was a member was the largest in our regiment, hav ing more than sixty men present for duty—almost double the number of any other command in the regiment. That company was the Oglethorpe In fantry, Cos. A, at that time known as tho Oglethorpe Artillery, though serv ing as 'nfautry. On the evening of the 26th of Juno thirty of us were detailed to go out upon the skirmish line. When we reached the line of rifle pita wo found that they were already filled wit h the skirmishers of our brigade. We were accordingly posted as a reserve picket in a little ravine, and told to make ourselves comfortable for the night. Early on the morn ing of the 27th, tho Federal artillery opened on our lines on the right and ou the left, and from the batteries on Kenesaw our cannon replied. Over our heads, as we lay between the two armies, passed for two hours the shrieking shells. Suddenly, from tho Federal side, the bugles were heard sounding the charge, and the rattle of musketry was added to the roar of ar tillery. Soon the advanced pickets came running iu, and reported that the Federal army was advancing iu line of battle. Tho thirty Oglethorpes lying in reserve were, in consequence of this intelligence, ordered back to tlie main line of battle, and were just about to move iu that direction when a messen ger from an officer on the picket lino reported that the pickets who had come in had retired before the skirmishers of tiie Federal line. We were then or dered to charge and fill up the gap left in the line of rifle pits. We realized our danger, but with a shout we rushed forward, cheered on by the thrilling “rebel yell” which rose from our lines on Kenesaw ; and though the rifles of tiie enemy were dealing destruction in our ranks, we reached tho pits and poured in a volley upon tho advancing roe. Then it was that we saw our perilous condition. The report made by the pickets was proven to be correct, for the Federal army was advancing in dense array. For several minutes we fought desper ately hoping for assistance from our line of battle. Finally the skirmishers to the right and left of us were over powered, some of them being bayonet ed where they stood. Realizing the situation some of us attempted to es cape. About a third of our little baiid succeeded in reaching the brow of the hill, where they were met by reinforce ments from the regiment, and, under the command of their gallant Major J. Y. H. Allen, completely checked the ad vance of the Federate on that part of tfie line. I was myself headed off and captured with six others of our com pany. The remainder of the thirty who had made the charge were either killed or wounded. Among the killed was my friend George P. Pournelle, as noble a young man as ever offered up his life in defence of the rights of the South. Four years afterward to the very day his wife died in Augusta, Ga., and I was one of the pall-bearers at her funeral. One of the mortally wounded was a young man named Alexander Wilz heim, who had just two days before come up from Augusta and joined the army. That evening when the battle was over a friend of mine, who hap pened to be in that part of the com pany which had not gone out upon the skirmish line, when informed that George Pournelle and I were among the missing, hurled his face in his hands and wept, mourning us as dead. That friend was George G. Leonhardt, who was test on the ill-fated Schiller. As I sat iu the trenches on Kenesaw last Saturday, the recollection of all these events camo thronging to my mind, and filled my heart with sadness. The last time that I had gazed on these heights was on the morning of the 28th of June. I was marched off a prisoner of war. As I gazed upon them then, it gave me satisfaction to see that they were still lined by our troops, and that Sherman’s grand assault had proved a complete failure. Yesterday afternoon I visited the Federal cemetery in Marietta, iu which lie buried ten thousand Federal sol diers, who lost their lives south of the Etowah. Tiie cemetery is well kept, and is in striking contrast to the Con federate cemetery, which, I am sorry to say, is neglected and overgrown with weeds. I attended tfie Methodist Church in Marietta both in the morning and at night, and ou each occasion heard a sermon from Dr. Felton, member of Congress elect from ibis District. I leave on- the 8 o’clock train this morn ing for Cartersville. If I have not worried your patience, you will hear from mo again. J. T. Derry. ’ LETTER FROM RUTLEDGE. Crop Improvement—A Magnificent Outlook—New Buildiugs—Enterpris ing Men—Dots. Rutledge, August 30th, 1875. Since my last, tho improvement iu the growing crops has been immense. The cotton crop in this section is better than it has been in the recollection of the oldest inhabitant. It is opening very fast, and picking will commence generally in a few days. The corn crop is heavy. The farmers are generally done gathering fodder. For tho last ten days wo have had fine weather for saving that article. The splendid crop prospect has put new lifo into business and other improvements. Mr. R. B. Ethridge is adding largely to liis dwel ling, and will build anew storehouse soon. Mauy other improvements are going on. Capt. D. M. Yiniug, one of the livest business men iu Middle Georgia, has erected a first-rate grist mill attached to the engine of his steam gins. It has been put in operation in such a short time it seems that it sprang up almost by some magic power. The first order for lumber, castings, &c., was made on July 22, and, with the help of one work man, in connection with Capt. Vining’s own services, the mill commenced grind ing corn on the 15tli of August, making only twenty-three days in accomplish ing the whole work. Capt. V. is going to attach self-feed ers to his already fine needle gins, which wiil make his establishment the most novel and best of its kind in this portion of the State. Capt. Yiuing is a natural genius, and whatever he puts his hands to proves a success. His fifteen years’ connection with the rail road did not unfit him for other busi ness, as it does many, but rather proved a good field for cultivating his supe rior natural talents for the mechanical and brightening his general busi ness ideas. There is a move on foot to establish a first-class weekly paper at Rutledge iu a short time. There was a very large rattlesnake killed near here a few days ago. LETTER FROM RICHMOND COUN TY. Picking Cotton in Earnest—Saving Fodder—The People in the Country Still Alarmed Ahout the Insurrec tion. [Correspondence of the Constitutionalist.l Richmond County, Aug. 26,1875. Tho weather has undergone quite a change since my last. The rain has ceased to fall so incessantly, and far mers have gone to work in earnest— saving fodder. Cotton is opening fast, and the fields present a pretty appearance, aud hands busily engaged picking the snow-like flakes. The excitement incident to the trou bles in Burke have well nigh subsided. Only occasionally do we hear of dis satisfied parties. A report reached us this evening that a band was in exist ence in the upper portion of the county bordering on Sandy Run. It is hoped the arrest of so many in Burke will have the desired effect, aud cause the disbanding of all such organizations, for a persistence in such a course will bring inevitable doom upon tiie heads of the leaders and their misguided fol lowers. Will endeavor to keep you posted. Occasionally. WIT AND WISDOM. A Kansas preacher puts it ia this way : “ Will you let a dollar breast-pin drag you down to perdition ?” The boy who loves castor oil lives in lowa. He drinks it by the pint as a sort of beverage, and liis example is worth thousands of dollars to the pa rents of that State. “Sixteen brothers in a bar-room, all stepping up to the counter at once and calling for whiskey straight,” was one of the notable incidents of the day of the hanging at Tazewell, Tenu. The cotton mills at Lowell shut down for just six minutes when an operator gets killed, but the stoppage is to oil up the machinery. An English woman who sat up as a clairvoyant iu Japan was lifted into a cart and galloped around until she was glad to agree to leave the country. Bank burglars have had such a poor show of late that they are downcast and discouraged, and some of them talk of studying law in order to get a living. Mobile people j udge of a man’s wealth by the size of the cigar stub he throws away. If he smokes it down close he is looked upon as a fellow of no ac count. Just at the present time not a single city in the country is pitching into its gas company, but long evenings are not far away. There’s every reason to be hopeful. There is a woman living in Lenox township, 111., the wife of Bailey Blue, who can outwalk Weston or any other man. Last week she walked from Lenox to Swan creek, a distance of ten miles, in two hours time; carried a baby seventeen months old, and drove a cow all the way. If she ain’t a worth having, then there is no use getting a walkist. A chunk of plaster came down during services in a church at Westfield, New York, recently. The occurrence was a subject of general among the worshipers. New Series —Vol. 28, No. 24. THE FINANCIAL CRASH. NOTES ON THE SITUATION. Reminiscences of Ralston—The Bank and the Bonanza—From the Palace to the Grave—Lessons of the Hour— The Baltimore Bankrupts. The Temple and the Genius. [Cincinnati Gazette. 1 Those who visited San Francisco formed a lasting impression of the magnificence of the establishment, and tlio munificence of its managers. The banking-house was the finest in the world. It was built and fitted up with out regard to cost. JlaFd wood, solid silver, and marble were used in finish ing the rooms devoted to banking, and the furniture corresponded. There was no veneering, no sham. Everything was real, and calculated to impress the beholder with the solidity of the con cern, its great wealth, and to indicate inexhaustible resources. Paper money was not passed over these counters, ex cept as merchandise. Gold and silver were the exclusive currency, except where depositors deposited coin and re ceived bank drafts in return. The_cler ical force in the bank was large] well drilled and well paid. The capital stock was four millions gold, “all paid up,” and the deposits eight millions. The President of this bank of great splendor and wonderful pretensions, is Mr. Ralston, an Ohio man. He was formerly second clerk on an Ohio river steamboat, and lived, when at home, at or near Steubenville, Ohio. He em igrated to California and was one of the few adventurers who prospered. He walked up the ladder of wealth and fame rapidly, and was supposed, re cently, to be worth fifteen million dol lars. He considered himself equal to any undertaking. For a time every thing he touched paid, and he was bold and grand as he was lucky. The bank paid him, in addition to a large salary, twenty-five thousand a year for entertaining, and he did enter tain in a style that was more than princely. He maintained a magnifi cent residence twenty-six miles from San Francisco. Here was a park of many acres laid off in magnificent style, lighted with gas manufactured on the adjacent grounds. The house corresponded. The Czar of Russia ©r the Emperor of France in his best days would hardly have desired anything better. Then thei’e was an army of servants, every man in his place-, and every guest was waited upon from the time he stepped from his carriage un-. til he retired, and from his rising in the morning until he was assisted into his carriage. The 'stable contained thirty-six blood ed horses. The carriage was drawn by four horses, and the time between the residence and San Francisco was two hours. Half way there was a re lay of horses, and up hill and down the highest possible speed was maintained. The living expenses of Mr. Ralston were supposed to be $150,000 yearly. The bank, soon after its organization, invested $150,000 in lands. It also possessed itself of the California Wagon Company, so that wagon mak ing was part of its banking business. It was in the mining business, of course, extensively, and besides it speculated largely in mining stocks. The President did a great deal, too, on his own account. It is said that he was lately cornered at a cost of near two million dollars. Mr. Ralston haviug a great bank, a magnificent residence, several gold mines, and being one of the great men of the Pacific Slope, he must also have a great hotel—so he undertook, in con nection with Mr. Sharon, the erection of the Palace Hotel. This was intended to be the grandest public house in the world, and it will probably so prove, as there are more fools in the United States than there are to be found in all Europe. Rut before this monument was completed Mr. Ralston’s troubles began, and he sold his interest in the Palace Hotel to Mr. Sharon for $1,700,- 000. This was swallowed up by recent losses in speculative ventures in min ing stocks. A Personal Sketch. [New York Herald.l Mr. Ralston was of medium height, compactly built, with a good breadth of shoulder, a high, capacious fore head; thin, firmly-set lips; an oval, well-shaped face, good features, a steel grey eye and a great expression of con centration and an extreme mental ac tivity. In manner he was curt, gener ally brief of speech and to the point, but able upon occasion to state his views in their fulness with felicity, strength and nervous vigor of lan guage. In habit Mr. Ralston exhibited intense application te business and an excessive industry. Ho was a brief sleeper, and during most of his work ing hours devoted himself to the de tails of his vast official business—be sides his considerable private affairs, which should suffice alone to keep most men busy—with all his tremen dous energy. His dispatch of bu siness was somewhat marvellous, and the proper belief iu his infallibility amounted to a superstition. His opin ion of men, business projects and in financial matters generally was consid ered conclusive. His personal power in the States and Territories of the Pa cific was great. The influence of the corporation of which he was chief offi cer was felt everywhere. Mr. Ralston in 1858 married a brilliant and accom plished niece of J. D. Fry, by whom he had several children. The country residence of Mr. Ralston was situated about twenty-two miles south of the city, in a charming valley known as “Diablo Canyon.” Much has been said, from time to time, of the magnificence, luxury and beauty of Mr. Ralston’s pri vate residence, located at Diablo Can yon, which is one of the most beautiful valleys in California, and as a location for a country residence is certainly un equalled on the Continent. The Coroner’s Inquest. At the inquest held over the remains of Ralston, Joseph Dunking, proprietor of the Neptune Bath House, testified that Ralston came to take a bath at half past three ; usually came early in the morning. My son-in-law served him ; did not see him enter the water ; had no conversation with him ; two young men went with him; shortly ran in and said something was the matter with that man; they and my son-in law went out in a boat, watched for Ralston to appear at the Piles, but saw nothing of him; was perspiring freely when he came to the bath house; my soD-in-law checked him, but ho said he would dry himself and take a powder before going. Clarence Richardson, son-in-law of witness, testified that Ralston was smiling and cheerful when he came to the bath house; waited op took charge of his clothes; warned him against going in when heated; said he would dry himself and take a powder; To Advertisers and Subscribers. ON AND after this date (April 21, 1875.) all editions of the Constitutionalist will be sent free of postage. Advertisements must be paid for when han ded in, unless otherwise stipulated. Announcing or suggesting Candidates for office, 20 cents per lino each insertion. Money may be remitted at our risk by Express or Postal Order. Correspondence invited from all sources aud valuable special news paid for if used. Rejected Communications will not be re turned, and no notice taken of anonymous letters, or articles written on'both sides. about fifteen minutes after he went iu a young man told mo something was wrong; pushed out in a boat; met an other boat with the body of Ralston; Ralston was in the habit of swimming some distance when he bathed; did not see him in the water. Theo. C. Bee testified: Watchman on the wharf told him a man was drown ing; body was two or three hundred feet from the wharf in the water, face down; head appeared under water; got Clark, the engineer of the steamer Bul lion, lying near, to recover the body; he brought him ashore; did not see him breathe; used means of restoration; saw sign of life: sent for Dr. Newmark, who cpme. Michael J. Clark, engineer of the steamer Bullion, testified: Saw the man in the water squirming as if in a fit; acted unnaturally; was 200 or 300 feet distant; went in boat; got him; thought he was alive when I reached him; fear ed he would die before reaching the shore; laid him on his stomach; pulled for the shore as quick as possible; noticed no signs of life when I got him ashore; when I first saw him iu the water he was struggling and making for the shore. Dr. Newmark sworn: Whon he arrived he found the body on the sand, appar ently lifeless; could not feel the boating of the pulse; kept up artificial respira tion for an hour; appearance of the body was that of a man who had died of apoplexy; face livid, eyes glassy, pupils dilated; a sudden plunge when overheated would be apt to produce apoplexy. A Set Back to California’s Prosperity. The New York Bulletin says the panic is simply the result of extravagant mining speculation by the California banks, aud adds : At present, wo see little hope for any other result of this crisis than a serious set back for the business of San Francisco and Califor nia ; for when the banking system is rotten, what has trade to repose upon? As to the vast speculative interest that has been built up there, it is good for tune for California that it has come to its death. There will be a fearful de bris of broken fortunes left behind the explosion of big bonanzas and the like fictions ; but those fortunes were rnero paper creations, or they could not be so easily ruined ; and there need be no great concern about losses of that kind. But the danger is that much sound trade may suffer from its connection with the banks ; and more explicit in formation about the length and breadth of the panic is therefore anxiously awaited. Legitimate Banking. The New York Herald makes the California failure an apportunity to descant upon the carelessness and ig norance of banking that so frequently occur now-a-days, and adds: “ Le gitimate banking is the safest business in the world, aud the capital of well managed banks is a security to deposi tors which hardly ever needs to he called into active use. Credits given on legitimate commercial paper can never involve a cautious bank in loss, nor can notes of short date with two responsible signatures. The theory of sound banking implies that, within pe riods of GO or 00 days, a bauk can call in all its loans and meet all its obliga tions, and when this is really the case, and depositors can be assured it is the case, there is no temptation for a sud den withdrawal of their deposits. But if a bank locks up its resources in venturesome speculations the safety or the depositors depends on the success of those speculations, and they are im pelled to make a run on the bank and unsettle general confidence at the ris ing of every adverse wind. A Heavy Blow at Baltimore’s Shipping Trade. [Philadelphia Times] The suspension of the firm of Stir ling, Ahrens & Cos. was, according to the dispatches and our Baltimore ex changes, entirely unexpected, but cau tious houses in Philadelphia who were acquainted with its daring operations were not surprised. One of them yes terday informed the writer, when he inquired as to the character of the sus pended firm, “ Flighty, very flighty.” The information vouchsafed by the firm concerning the causes of its'failure is of the most meagre character, being confined to the simple statement that it is the result of a shrinkage of values iu the imported products. The assets are locked up in real estate and stock, while the liabilities were largely iu loans. None of the Baltimore banks, however, are heavy losers, aud it is probable that Brown & Sons are the only banking houso largely in volved. The liabilities of tho firm, as stated by the prominent creditors, are about $2,500,000, while the assets, it is believed, will be $300,000 greater. Stir ling, Ahrens & Cos. are tho owners of two refineries in Baltimore, one-fourth owners of the Gallego Mills, in liioh mond, Va., and likewise owners of val uable mill property in Baltimore and at Fell’s Point. The exact condition of the firm will not be ascertained until the full meeting of the creditors, who are in Baltimore, other cities of this country, and In Cuba and Europe. Its history is an interesting one, showing, as it does, the extension of its business from small beginnings until it reached enormous proportions. The firm was formed about 25 years ago, when it tra ded under the name of Stirling & Ah rens, and was engaged in shipping and importing only. Afterward it engaged in the sugar refining business on a com paratively limited scale. Next it ab sorbed the Merchants’ refinery; then the Maryland, and, lastly, operated tho Calvert as agents for its owners. Du ring the same period it also largely en gaged in the importation of coffee, al though this branch of its trade had latterly greatly declined. Its capital is estimated to have been one million dol lars, upon which ita aggregate annual transactions are set down at twenty million dollars. Its suspension will, of course, prove a heavy blow to the ship ping interests of Baltimore. In the year 1874 it is said to have received the average of one vessel a day for every day in the year, the cargoes consisting of sugar from Cuba and Porto Rico and other West Indies, aud coffee from Brazil. In one month of the same year the firm fitted out twen ty vessels for the West Indies vvith co operage stuff, provisions, eto., receiv ing in return cargoes of saccharine matter. In all, it employed about one thousand, and owned eight vessels. Since the beginning of the year it had, in round numbers, imported into Balti more 40,000 hogsheads of molasses and 50,000 hogsheads of sugar. So great is the sympathy for the Messrs. Stirling, Ahrens & Cos. that one ship ping merchant of Baltimore expresses his readiness to strike off all the in debtedness against them on his books, and calls upon the creditors in his trade to do tho samo in bohalf of thq commercial interests of the city.