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TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. Daily—one year $lO oo “ six months 500 “ three morths 2 60 Tei-Weekly—one year 500 “ six months 2 60 Weekly—one year 2 00 six months 100 Single copies, 5 cts. To news dealers, 2J4 cts. Subscriptions must in all eases be paid in advance. The paper will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. JAS. G, BAILIE, ) FRANCIS COGIN. ! Proprietors GEO. T. JACKSON,) Address all Letters to H. C. STEVENSON, Manager. “Pbobs” gives us some hope of rain to day. We shall believe in it when we see it. The cotton report of the Agricultural Department, at Washington, for Septem ber, is more favorable than many persons expected. With a late frost, the crop bids fair to touch, if it does not exceed, 4,000,000 bales. From newspaper reports it would seem that every prominent ex-offlcer of the Cion federate army has been the recipient of an offer of service from the Khedive of Egypt. This Ls getting as bad as the Charlie Ross mystery. The death of Joe Crews will relieve the people of Laurens, S. C., of a great incu bus; but the manner of his taking off should be condemned. Assassination is to be frowned down everywhere. It is the weapon of the coward, and violates the great maxim of Christianity which leaves to Goo the vindication of human wrong. <>► While Servia complains of the massing of Turkish forces on her frontier, she is threatened with invasion by a pretender to the throne, who has an unpronounceable name. Turkey or somebody has raised the devil of the Eastern question and it does not down at the bidding even pf the Great Powers. Sohuchap.dt A Sous, the New York bankers who failed recently, were of long and reputable stan< iug, the original foun der of the house, Mr. Gebhardt, having commenced the business more than 50 years ago. The Times says the firm had a branch house in Savannah and correspon dence all over the world. They were the agents and consignees in America for the bulk of the Holland gin Imported into this country, but they gave up that branch of their business last March, the clerk who had charge of it for them making a sepa rate business of it on his own account. The ‘'shrinkage of securities,” especially Western and Southern railway bonds did the job for thorn. Our Atlanta correspondence, always very entertaining and racy, is specially so this morning. We are shown how much a celebration the Gate City got up in honor of the water works, and how whiskey was not “ the last man in the precession.” We are shown, too, how palace rum mills are inaugurated and ladies invited to assist at their cor secration. It is also hinted that the Herald anil Constitution are about to consolidate ; the ancient f, es to fall into ono another’s embrace and swear they will “ never, never do so any more ” a dream of the Centennial indeed, with < 01. Alston burning sulphur for colored lights, and chorus by the whole establish ment: “The day of jubilee has come.” Our corre-pondent also states that one of the effects of this alleged consolidation would be the immediate starting of another pa per. A monopoly of the journalistic tie and will never long continue in any place of importance, especially when politics and the press are intimately combined. A writer in the Greenville News, con demning the assassination of Joe Crews, which was on ap ar with the killing of bosses in Pennsylvania coal regions, with not one thousandth part of the provoca tion, calls attention to the fact that Gov. Chamberlain offers a reward of SI,OOO for the murderer, but did not take the same in terest in bringing other criminals to jus tice. He says: “Last fall, winter and spring there was a band of desperadoes in the up-country, robbing, beating and shoot ing unoffending citizens, and in some in stances killing them. Alarm, consterna tion and dread filled the minds of the peo ple, yet if any reward was offered by.the Executive of the State for the apprehen sion of these banditti, I never saw or heard of it. Must I infer from the Governor’s conduct that he means to ignore the claims to protection of the quiet, peaceable citi zens who have done no offending against the laws, and will only take cognizance of tne claims of those who, by a life of vice and infamy, have made themselves con spicuous and detestable ?” Our Charleston correspondence reveals a hideous condition of affairs in the “City by the Sea.” By politic il amalgamation be tween whites and blacks, Charleston has been made a plague-spot, an Ashantee. It seems to us that the “Conservatives" and other “reformers” havjng had such poor success in South Carolina, some straight out Democratic leaders had better come to the front and try, in this auspicious time of Democratic triumph elsewhere, the virtue of a different course from that pursued by men who have so signally failed In State-craft. We know not whether it is too late, or whether, as Gen. Preston thinks, the people have been too thorough ly demoralized; but it seems to us that some good old Simon pure Democratic new papers and leaders in the Palmetto State would do more good in six months than anything else. One thing is certain: expediency, trimming and attempts at po litical amalgamation have been most hu miliating failures. Any further experi ments on that line will only drag the white people into a deeper abyss, and the sooner a square issue is made with the scoundrels, the sooner will honest men get their own again. The cows in this city have been so much in the habit of invading people’s premises, that they violently resent any such thing as a barrier to their entrance. Just now our city gardens are green with turnip plants. This crop the educated and bur glarious Augusta cow looks upon as the property of chartered libertines like herself. In some instances nothing short of bolts and liars can keep the predacious animals aloof. Night before last, a neighborhood was aroused by the persistent as sault of a milky mother upon the gate of a gentleman who has a ruta baga crop coming on. When the beast found that heavy weights on the gate baffled her endeavors to open it or keep it open, she made a furious assault upon the faithful portal with her horns, and startled families from their slumber, who supposed robbers were trying to break in upon them. We sympathize with owners of cows; we be lieve it to be a glorious privilege to own such stock. We are glad the city of Au gusta has such wide and bountiful pastures free of charge. But somebody’s cows might get hurt if they are not taught bet ter manners. THE INDIAN COUNCIL. Immense (fathering of Red Men. Bed Cloud Agency, September 14. The place for the council has been finally fixed six miles from this point. Indians are coming in large numbers. The” 1 are becoming impatient at the <leiay. Tnere will be about 25,000 Indians in council. Their camps ex tend about forty miles along White Earth Biver. The bluffs in this vicini ty are covered with their ponies. Each head of a family owns an average of 50 ponies. These are in an excellent con dition, and the Indians themselves are tvell clothed. tH)£ Constitutionalist Established 1799. KING COTTON. Report of the Department of Agricul ture—A Rather Favorable Outlook. Washington, September 15. —The De partment of Agriculture reports the condition of cotton better in September than in August in Mississippi, Louis iana and Arkansas, and worse 01 the Atlantic coast in Alabama and in Texas. The prevalent drouths of July were succeeded by rains in August too co pious for the best results in the Mis sissippi Valley, and quite injurious in heavy soils of the Eastern belt, caus ing rust, shedding of leaves and fruit, and to some extent rotting of the lower bolls. There is a rank recent grr wth, which will yield largely with a favora ble and long autumn season, or {rove a disappointment in case of an early killing frost. In some parts of the State of Texas the drouth continued for nine weeks, but the sea sonable rains since the middle of Au gust, have placed the lields in high condition in all except the most severely parched localities. Losses from the prevalence of insects will scarcely be a fraction in calculating the product of the present year. A few counties in Florida and lower Georgia report the caterpillar. The boll worm is more nu merous in Lowndes county, Miss., and heard from in a few other counties. Lice are mentioned by some corres pondents, and in Covington, Alabama, the correspondent reports anew er.erny which he calls a minute gnat, which harbors on the leaves like lice, producing widespread and serious injury. As compared with Sep tember, 1874, the only States now reporting lower condition are South Carolina, Georgia and Florida, and in the Mississippi the improve ment is very marked, particularly in Tennessee and Arkansas, in which the averages were very low in 1874. A large proportion of the cotton area of the country is represented in the Septem ber returns, which include no less than 60 cotton counties in Texas and 76 in Georgia. The State averages of condi tion are as follows: North Carolina, 90; South Carolina, 80; Georgia, 76; Florida, 75; Alabama, 81; Mississippi, 98; Louisi ana, 88; Texas, 94; Arkansas, 99; Ten nessee, 96. FROM WASHINGTON. Postal News—A Mississippi Delegation Visit Pierrepont, but Get No Conso lation. Washington, September 15.—The Post Office Department will dispatch mails to-morrow morning by the fast trains which have been lately put on. The Department loses 25 cents a pound on newspapers and 10 cents a pound on merchandise between New York and San Francisco. A railway mail is or dered from Little Rock to Altus, 120 miles, commencing # October Ist. It is claimed that the fast mail will give 12 hours advantage to Southern mai Is at Louisville and St. Louis. A delegation from Mississippi is here consisting of Senator Bruce, Sheriff Buchanan, of Marshall county, ex-Con gressman Howe, Secretary of State, Hill, Chairman of the Republican State Committee, Warner, and John B. War ner, editor of the Mississippi Pilot. The interview with the Attorney Gen eral lasted until after 2 o’clock. Pier repont questioned each severally. They agree that Warren county is quiet and the emergency which demanded Fed eral interference for the present is passed. They represent that there is no military organization in the State except the White League. They are of the opinion that no fui tlier trouble in Mississippi will occur until the Republicans attempt to hold meet ing, then they apprehend such gaßer ings will be broken up>. Judge Pmrre pont asked why the Republicans did not organize and defend themselves. They replied that they had no organ ization, and when they came in contact with the organized White Leagues they fled before them. They stated that the sovereignty of Mississippi was unable to protect itself without the aid of the Government. If troops were not sent before the election many Re publicans would be interfered with at the polls. Pierrepont said he had ad vised Ames to perfect some military organization to protect the people of the State in political rights. He ad vised the delegation to return borne, consult with Ames about organizing for protection, and should they fail to do this and further trouble occurred to let him know. Pierrepont is of opinion that no further action will be taken upon Ames’ requisition for troops. FROM NEI\" YORK. Army Reunion—Fever on a Vessel — AErial Ladders Discussed. Utica, September 15.—The reunion of the Army of the Cumberland held meetings at the Opera House. Grant and Sherman were present, Grant goes hence to St. Louis. The President simply bowed to calls for a speech. Gen. Hooker presides. New York, September 15.—The Nor wegian bark Falkner is here in distress. All but a man and boy are down with fever. She left Wilmington. N. C., ten days ago for Rotterdam. When two days out fever appeared. At a meeting of Fire Commissioners a resolution condemning the use of aerial fire ladders as useless and dan gerous was laid over until investiga tion of the late accident. FROM NEW ORLEANS. A Long Trip by a Palace Car—Super intendent Appointed. New York, September 15.—The Pull man Palace Car Paoli, which left New Orleans on the 12th, arrived on time, without change, via the Kennesaw and Midland and Virginia routes, the long est continuous trip ever made by a sleeper. The Paoli carries delegates to the General Ticket Agents’ Coaven tion, at Saratoga, on the 17th. The delegates were feasted by the Balti more and Ohio Company at Viaduct Hotel, Relay Station. Col. Chas. P. Ball, formerly Superin tendent of the Western Railroad of Alabama, has been appointed Superin tendent of the Southern Division of the Pullman Palace Car Company. THE MISSISSIPPI FUSS. Quiet Restored and an Agitator Jug ged. Memphis, September 15.—Persons here from Tallahatchie county, Miss., state that all is quiet. Armed bodies, both black and white, have dispersed. Johnson, a negro, who is charged with having instigated negroes to arm and go to Friarson’s store in a body, is in jail at Charleston. No more trouble is apprehended. Barnum pays his balloonist §,200 a day. ATJGTJSTA. GA., THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 1875. FOREIGN DISPATCHES. Servian Complications—A Pretender with, a Terrible Name Threatens Prince Milan’s Throne. Vienna, September 15. — A reply of the committee of the Servian Scuptachina to Prince Milan’s address will make no demand for war, but contain strong censures on Turkish rule. London, September 15. —Dispatches to the Morning Standard contain the following • “ Servia complains to the Powers of the concentration of a Turk ish army atNissa. The report that the siege of Trebigne had been renew T ed is unfounded. Insurgents infest the neighboring roads, but are not able to blockade the town. Peter Karogeargiewitch, a pretender to the Servian throne, is about to march into Servia with a corps of vol unteers. His adherents there contem plate a revolution in his favor. Herzegovina’s Comb Cut—The English Turf. Constantinople, September 15.—The Herzegovinians now appear willing to negotiate with the consuls. Latest encounters terminated in favor of the Turks. Emigrating families are re turning. London, September 15. —Craig Millar won the St. Leger stakes, Raffle second, Earl Dartry third. All English View of the Turkish Troubles. London, September 15.—The Times publishes a telegram from- Vienna which contains the following: “How ever contradictory accounts may be of recent skiimishes, two facts are in dubitable. The Turks traverse the country in every direction. Their object is to open communications and relieve and strengthen more exposed military positions on the southwest. This has been thoroughly done. The road to Bilek and Trebigne, and from the latter to the Austrian frontier and down to the Suttorina has been opened and the block houses repaired and garrisoned, Of course the difficult work remains of dislodging insurgents from their mountain strong-holds, but approaching Winter will soon make those positions untenable. As for hopes of assistance they become daily fainter. Circumstances seem to favor the mission of peace of the Consular Commission.” CRIMES AND CASUALTIES. Explosion and Conflagration—Marine Disasters. Georgetown, Ky., September 15. — Yesterday the clerk in Barlow’s store, while loading a pistol exploded it. The ball lodged in a can of powder, which exploded, blowing out the front of the store, setting fire to the building, which was consumed. Four other buildings were wholly or partially consumed.— Loss, $50,000. The clerk and another young man were dangerously injured. Key West, September 15.—The steamer Zodiac, which left Nassau on the 6th, was burned with her cargo. All hands were saved by boats, which were afloat twenty-four hours when picked up. The fire is supposed to have been caused by the spontaneous combustion of old oakum. Chicago, September 15. —The schoon er Pamlico, from Queenstown, Ireland for Chicago, is supposed to have been lost on Lake Michigan. Crooked Whiskey Men A Colored Husband Gets Tilton-Mad and Com mits Murder and Suicide. San Francisco, September 15. —Dis- closures made by revenue officers indi cate extensive whiskey frauds, partici pated in by dealers, distillers and reve nue officers. St. Louis, September 15.—Fineman & Cos., of Kansas City, and Jno. Shee han, of St. Joseph, plead guilty to crooked whiskey, throwing themselves on the mercy of the Government. Clarence A. Wood, colored, shot his wife and himself. Jealousy. He left a letter wishing his father, who lives in Macon, Ga., to be informed. FROM CHICAGO. A Blast Episcopal in Favor of Dr. De Koven. Chicago, September 15.—1n the Epis copal Diocese Convention to-day the committee appointed to take action on the letter of Dr. De Koveu, explaining his position and declining the nomina tion of the Convention, brought in a series of resolutions recording their solemn disapproval of any Constitutions or Canon or any construction of a Constitution or Canon that puts it in the power of standing committees, composed of clergymen and laymen, to sit in judg ment upon its doctrinal views or upon the life and manners of a Bishop-elect, deeming such constitution and canon inconsistent with the laws of the church- Catholio and in contradiction of that principle of the common law that a man cun only be judged by his peers; also declaring unchanged confidence in the faith, unshaken loyalty to the church and eminent fitness for the episcopate of the Rev. Jas. DeKoven, D. D., Warden of Racine College, who was at the special convention in Febru ary last elected to the vacant episco pate of this Diocese. FROM SAN FRANCISCO. Sale of Refining Works —Transfer of Coin —A Better Financial Feeling Prevalent. San Francisco, September 15. — The sale of the San Francisco assaying and refining works, and also the acid works under the same management, was to day consummated, the purchasers be ing Flood and O’Brien. These works have been largely under the control of the Bank of California for some time, and have been supplying the Mint with fine bullion for several years. The National Gold Bank and Trust Company had $150,000 in coin trans ferred through the office of thesub- Treasurer. Considerable amounts are reported to have arrived, or are close at hand, from New York to the Bank of California and the Hibernia Bank. There is a marked improvement in mining stocks to-day, both in volume of business and prices realized. Only one Board is in session, but the in creased business of the California Board will hurry up the opening of other Boards which now expect to re sume in two weeks. A clergyman, meeting a little boy of his acquaintance, said : “ This is quite a stormy day, my son.” “ Yes, sir,” answered the boy, “ this is quite a wet rain.” The clergyman, thinking to re buke such hyperbole, asked if he ever knew of any other than a wet rain. “I never knew personally of any other,” returned the boy ; “ but I have read in a certain book of a time when it rained fire and brimstone, and I guess that was not a very wet rain.” LETTER FROM C J UtLESTON. A Reign of Terror—VSlat “Breaking the Color Line” Mea-The Fright ful Results of —A Specimen “Consu%cative” Negro -How Bowen Manipf ates Affairs— Joe Crews—Dots. | I [From Our Regular ( respi_.ident ] Charleston, i 1 ptember 14. Things have come tc this pass now that decent citizens cij not walk the principal streets of Cha jstou without running the risk of be Ig insulted in the day or clubbed in t night-time. Particularly is this the ,se in Meeting and Broad streets, am in the imme diate vicinity of the ' lourt . House. There are gathered i ally all the worst roughs of th> Bowen gang of negroes, now * led colored “ Conservatives ” am an occasion al riot makes things ceedingly un pleasant not to say dangerous for sufch gentlemen who i not affiliate with the “Conservaties’ it whose busi ness calls them in tha locality. Let me relate a case which lappened this afternoon and which L repeated with slight variations 2 or 3 ? lies daily. One Ben Mills, a negro, who vas convicted of leading the negro rio ■ rs in Charles ton at the time the Sav >nali base ball club visited this city, .nd who was sentenced to 12 month* mprisonment in jail, but was pardoi : I out by that prince of jail deliverers; j ’*ob*j. K. Scott, has lately developed (to a staunch supporter of General Wagener for the Mayoralty anil < c :ssquently a full-fledged colored Coe, , rvative. This ruffian, who is i eof Bowen’s most pliant tools, was 1 -cted a dele gate to the Conservali; ' Nominating Convention which indi. Id some white Conservative to air his j |-viouß history in the public prints. £ ;|ce the expos ure of his jail record fills has been mere intensely Conserv fve than ever. In plain terms, he has 1 3-n on a drunk. This afternoon he was ifiore intensely drunk than ever, ands.ibout 3 or 4 o’clock stationed himsel*|mderthe pro tecting shadow of th<*vOurt House, where his master, Bowe | always keeps a dozen or two of his and iS ky roughs on guard, and deliberately let to work to assault and Insult all pi £.ers-by whom he knew to be not Con Irvatives. An old gray-headed gentl< i tan who was passing with his little f! i indchild, and who this black beast t >ught was not a Couserative, was t; ; upon and most outrageously insu nd. This col ored “ Conservative ” d< I gate next pa raded up and down the reet flourish ing a bludgeon and cun g and swear ing to an extent which 1 ould scarcely be tolerated in Asha| se. Ho then tackled a white Trial Jr : ice, whom he also cursed and insultei , and was final ly arrested and taken o the station house, whence he was >ailed in the sum of ten dollars. I t : >uld add that the entire performance nk place with in sight and hearing of he police sta tion, but no arrest was ade until the Trial Justice called up i a policeman for protection. This i the way the municipal canvass is b ig conducted here, and I am at a lossi > imag aeany remedy for it out a Vkl jance Commit tee. It is § | Impossible to I’jjinish One of these ruffian-? through the courts. Bowen, their r fster, has the manipulation of almost lie entire ma chinery of the court, ai 1 when the ju ries are organized the; lire generally found to consist of i |i pimps and henchmen. It is true that since the election of Judge Reed Some reforms in these abuses have hi fi effected, but the Sheriff still manip | tes things in such a inaner as to etffie the court and pack the jury boxe l It is done in this way : Say forty gjurymeu are drawn from the jury I lx to serve for the ensuing term of fie court. In Charleston, out of the. I forty names there are generally abo ten or fifteen decent white men. No $ then, Bowen, the Sheriff, has the |immoning of them. His deputies s !*:ct the ten or 15 summons referred i put them in their pockets and when f e court meets return them non est mventus. The Judge then says: Mr. f Jeriff, make up the panel from the bysi liders. Where upon 15 pimps and tool Iff the mighty Sheriff, who have been lept ready for the occasion, are trotte< Jnto court and the jury panel is con, £ete. This is about the way things a: jj conducted in this city, and it will ’ | readily seen that, under such a systr |, there can be no protection for life I property for those who do not tak | any stock in Bowen and his pilfering fang. The Killing of .1 | Crews. The readers of the Ci Ititutionalist have doubtless been al *ady informed of the death of Joe ( !>ws from the wounds received in t * recent cow ardly assassination, 'j re act is uni versally condemned in ibvery part of the State; for, althoug Crews was a bad man, an uuscrupt Sus politician, and an unscrupulous frislator, there must always be somet! I g repugnant in the act of waylayi | a man and shooting him in the ba I, be ho never so wicked and deservin |ff death. The Centen £al. A project is on foot |oking to the formation of aregimenf be composed of the white companii |in the State, for the purpose of att Ming the Cen tennial at Philadelphia * ext year. It is to be called the Pain -| to Centennial Regiment, and it is i fought that a steamer can be charter* *at such a rate as will enable a largo Amber of our people to attend. \ Charleston J lites. The cautionary signa ilare flying at the signal bureau and t | usual equi noctial gale is expected liily. All the fire companie* |i the city are to be furnished with a Apply of new hose. I The aggregate numb' sof deaths in the city for the weekeu ijjug September 11, was 42—17 whites a £ 25 negroes. | Qui Vive. A TWIN-MOUNTA If MOUSE. Mr. Beecher Inclines t | ‘ Grace, Mer cy and Pei | " f Twin-Mount: in I Use, ) Eugi j 30, 1875. f District Attorney Britto f Dear Sir : Your let commending to my attention certaii Considerations which incline you to lolinquish the criminal suit against IV | Moulton and Mr.-Tilton, was duly r fdved and con sidered. I think that views which you present are soun Sand wise. It would seem to be a'- fuatic that no suit should be carric ]j; on in which neither individuals nor sbiety can hope for benefit. Should y f, la your fur ther discretion, enter a l>lie prosequi, I believe all right think c|s citizens will regard your act with af iobation when made aware of the reas >|s. (Signed) Yours If cerely, Hi V . Beecher. LETTER FROM ATLANTA. The Water Works—That Great “Cele bration ” —A Sad Spectacle—The Finest Whiskey Palace in the South —Ladies Invited to Inspect It —Unan- imous Gambling—Jack Brown Mad —Newspaper Consolidation—A Spi der in the Padding. [From Our Regular Correspondent ] Atlanta, September 14,1875. It is with pain and bitter anguish that I again allude to our prevailing water works in these hastily written letters. My very bowels gripe me at the dose ; but with the assurance that this is the last time my pen unbends, its anger soothed, and I may manage to worry through with it this time. It was the tiual test, you know. Six streams of mineral water were thrown through au inch nozzle to the height of 153 feet. Other tests were made, and all proved satisfactory, which demonstrated that Atlanta has water works that will do her immense good. The town is too young and hardly out of the woods enough to know the use fulness and utility of water works yet, but she is growing wonderfully. The day was not without its usual modicum of incidents. You remember the metropolitan press predicted that the town would be as full of strangers and guests as it was on the 4th of July. Now, I’ll tell You who were here. That vast multitude of strangers comprised in Mo the Mayor of Chattanooga and a few of her Aldermen, and two of them insurrectionists; Mayor of Covington and Jennings Clay, of Macon. Even Cousin John Thrasher, of Norcross, didn’t come down. But the Atlanta progressive celebrated the day on his own hook, and about as much whiskey went down that crooked way as there was water thrown from the works. The station house was full of the bloods and the metropolitan police were kept busy all night carting the respectable citizens home. The water works are a success ; success to the water works. A Palace Bar Room. It is said of a lady well known throughout the world as a member of the demi-monde that one day, while on the banks of a purling stream, a glass of the pure crystal water was given her to drink. As she held up the glass abrim with purity itself, admiring it as if it was a tankard of Bacchus’ oldest vintage, she said: “Ah ! how nice this would be if there was only a little sin in it.” What a world of meaning was there in that remark ! Saturday was the opening day of the ilnest whiskey shop iii the South. Whiskey was free, and the dead-beats reveled and quaffed their bacchanalian nectar with a gusto truly charming. Just below the Kimball House this gran4 saloon juts out into the street in a moidest sort of way. The vestibule is fretted with costly fresco work, and floored with a monster foot-mat bear ing the name of the gilded den. Paus ing to marvel at its cost, you shoot into the bar-room, and then you are dazzled. Think of a mirror costing $2,500, of lace curtains that cost SIOO each, of lamps that cost $790, of frescoing that cost is9oo, and carpets that cost S7O0 — and Ujll for a barroom ! It is indeed a palace affair—rich, costly and inviting— a monument to enterprise, a funeral pyre of ruined households. In the up per story the parlors are equally as well and richly furnished. These rooms are said to be for the use of clubs and for social reunion. A day has been set apart for the ladies to visit and inspect the establishment. Think of that, will you ? Ladies in vited and urged to go and visit this bar room and faro bank by a city press. Ye gods and little fishes ! The press want the ladies to see where their husbands and sons spend their after supper hours, and inspect the magnificence of the establishment. We know 7 very well where our hus bands and sons go. We know too that those parlors fitted up so elegantly are not for social reunion but for nightly fights with the tiger. It is there that the clerk parts company with his em ployer’s money; it is there that the son forgets his good mother’s teachings and steeps his soul in sin ; it is there that the husband robs his wife and children and himself; it is there that the sinning man throws off his mask and feels at ease with his fellows for no peut up utica limits his words to respectable conversation or bridles his passions. There is the pride of a mother’s life —her heart’s idol—staking money not his own upon the card a a fickle devil whispers to him to risk. Dollar after dollar slips through his fingers—now in the full flush of luck, now penniless. Here is the old man whose hair is as white as that of grand father in the Old Cusiosity Shop, and gambling, as that foolish old man did, to retrieve a fortune and lay up for a rainy day. Here is the mechanic, with his pocket swelling with his month’s wages. After working like a slave all the month, his money runs into the faro bank in a few short minutes, leav ing little ones at home to wonder if papa lost his money on the street, and why the finder don’t feturn it. Yes, yes ; it is here you fiud all grades and classes of men intent on one common purpose—to beat the tiger. But how seldom is the tiger vanquished ? Considering the severity with which Judge Hopkins treats this class of offenders, the number of gambling houses here is truly appalling. Along Marietta street and about the Kimball House are quite a number of them, and they are crowded with patrons of the game nightly. One reason, perhaps, for the large number here is that the United States Court draws scores of countrymen into the city for witnesses, &c., in illicit distillery cases, to say nothing of the other attractions to the rural gent; and gamblers look for these verdants with as much earnestness as hotel drlimmers look for a lodger. Usually, however, their best and most paying victims are the small farmers who bring in their load of a few bales of cotton and apply the proceeds to whiskey and faro. When a thorough bred strikes this kind of a victim he runs afoul of a “Big Bonanza.” Jack Brown. They say Jack was mad when ho discovered that my little bird let the cat out of the bag. Well, Jack should remember that so long as a man does the clean thing in any phase of life, there’s no danger of his being held up to the public as a fraud. 1 didn’t tell half that I was told, only enough to show how appointments are obtained at Washington. Amalgamation. I think I can with safety say that the two newspapers here will soon con solidate, after the fashion of the Nash ville papers. From a private but re liable source, I learn that negotiations are pending looking to that object. In case they should, in less time than 60 days a little independent paper will shoot out from strong hands and be come the people’s paper. Parties are at work now figuring up for this event. Martha, GEORGIA. THE NEGRO EMIGRATION MOVE MENT EXPLAINED. The State Finances —The School Sys tem and its Local Importance—ln dustrial Condition of the Blacks. Alpine, N. J., Sept. 11,1875. To the Editor of the Herald: Among the latest news from Geor gia I notice a report of an emigration movement among the colored people of the counties v iu which the rumor of an insurrection recently excited alarm. I think it probable that the excitement in those counties will alarm some of the blacks and lead them to think of removing to other States ; but it would be a mistake to suppose that the west ward movement took its rise thus. I mentioned in a previous communication that at least 25,000 colored people had left the State in the last five or six years. In Atlanta I had some conver sation with a negro who had been one of the leaders in this movement, and he gave me a number of in stances where colored farmers had re moved to Mississippi or Arkan sas, taking with them mules and farm tools, in some cases enough to fill tw T o or three cars. This man remarked to me that when he was younger and during slavery times, he had noticed that many white people, even planter’s sons, removed from the State, and when any of them returned for a visit home they proved usually to have prospered by the change. “I thought if it was good for the whites it would be good for our folks, too,” he said, “and so I always encouraged all that wanted to try it?’ He had started a son-in-law to Louisiana, where after two years he found him prospering. He had visited Aikansas and Missis sippi also, and confirmed to me my own observations that in these States the colored people thrive, and are generally secure in their rights. He thought Arkansas the best of all the States for his people, but showed me also pamph lets recommending certain parts of Mississippi, which he was distributing among his people. I do not know, by the way, what bet ter evidence one can have than this of the generally satisfactory condition of the colored people in those States. The testimony of a colored man—a suffi ciently shrewd fellow, I judged him, who had traveled through the regions he spoke of, and whom I saw from his conversation to be a stickler for the “rights” of his people—ought to go very far to satisfy Northern people. Such disorders as are now happening in Mississippi will injure that State, but they are strictly local and sporadic. He told me, what I knew otherwise also, that emigration agents come into Georgia from different counties in the three States I have named in search of laborers. I know myself a single county in Northern Louisiana which has drawn in the last seven years not less than 4,000 colored people from Georgia and Alabama. • These agents make known the fact the' rich lands lie open in the sections they represent, and not infre quently they are ready to pay the ex pense of a l'amily’h removal. The late fall and winter, after the crops are made, is the season of removal; and the man I speak of thought, from what he knew, that not less than 5,000 would leave the State next winter. This, bear in mind, was long before the so-called insurrection. I confess that to me this readiness to better their fortunes by emigration seemed one of the best signs I saw in the South of the real independence of the negro, and I found it most fully de veloped in the very State where, ac cording to the commonly received re ports of Republican politicians, the negro is still in a condition little better than slavery. If this were true, of course, he would not be moving away, for he would be tied to the soil. Nor do I believe Georgia will sustain a se rious loss by this emigration. It will make room for white emigrants, and Georgia is peculiarly fitted to receive and utilize a white farming and manu facturing population. It is not proper ly a planting, but a manufacturing State, as I have before said. Negro Property Owners. I recur for a moment to the remark able return of over six millions of pro perty owned by the negroes of Geor gia, to say that it is the only official report of the kind I have found in any Southern State. Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, long under Re publican rulers, yielded me no such in formation. Only in democratic Geor gia had the rulers sufficient intelligent curiosity to ascertain what practical progress the negro had made under freedom. The result is, of course, very gratifying and surprising. It speaks well for the negro’s industry and his growing power of accumulation, and it speaks well for the justice and fair dealing of the whites toward the blacks. Georgia has at this moment but one Republican journal, and that is a week ly—the National Republican— printed in Atlanta. From that I take the follow ing editorial comment on the condition of the colored people. It seems to me a little harsh, but it comes from a Re publican : What is the record of ten years of free dom? In the matter of temperance has there been progress? Nay; in this respect the freedmen are a thousand per cent, worse off than they were in slavery. Rare ly do we find a strictly temperate man. Very nearly all drink, in town and out, young men and old, and the women, too. Thousands spend a dollar for whiskey through the week, and on the Sabbath put a, nickle or nothing in the contribution box. The freedmen of Georgia spend in a half year for liquor as much as they have paid for schools since emancipation. Is this a matter of which they should be proud? To whom is the infliction of this wrong due? What has been done for schools? A little money has been raised, but not a hun dredth, ir a thousandth, part of what has been spent for tobacco, and shows, and shot-guns, and finest One show hero last winter is said to have carried away $3,000 of the colored people’s money, more than their voluntary contributions to schools in this city since the year 1865. In ten years not more than one in nine or ten has learned to read in the State, or out of 550,000 not more than 60,000 or 70,000, and these very largely through the aid of Northern missions. This year taxes will be paid on an aggregate of $7,- 000,000 of property, or less than sl3 a he id. This is the showing of a decade of freedom and lii ir opportunity. For it in some mea sure the whites may be responsible, but the responsibility lies chiefly with the peo, Je themselves. They have probably ecrnwt from $35,000,000 to $45,000,000 a year and out of it should have saved a large percentage. But there has been improvidence and waste on every hand. Not quite, but ver y nearly, as poor and ignorant are the freedmen to day as when emancipated, and their ignor ance and their poverty, quite as much as the “ prejudice and hate ” of the whites, serve to keep them where they are and what they are—hewers of wood and draw ers of water. If a Democratic journal had said these things it would have been called prejudice, and I should not have thought of quoting it. -They are the words of the Republican and colored organ. * The State Finances and Public Schools While I am speaking of the DemO' New Series —Vol. 28, No. 37 cratic management of the State, I think it right to call attention to the satis factory financial statement, which com pares remarkably with the condition of Louisiana, Arkansas and other South ern States which have been under Re publican control. The State debt is but $8,000,000, and the credit of the State stands high in New York and abroad. In January of this year there was a surplus in the Treasury of over $1,000,- 000. The cost of the State Govern ment for 1874 was but $776,000. The counties have no debt of any conse quence. The cities have some, but not a very heavy indebtedness. It is alto gether such a showing as these Demo crats need not be ashamed of. It has one weak spot only —the expenditure for schools. Goorgia had no free schools before the war; and the system makes but slow headway in the State. The present Superintendent of Public Instruction (a Democrat) is a zealous and efficient officer, and he looks for ward to better days. There was appor tioned by him for the support of schools in 1874 only $265,000; and the schools are open, in general, less than three months in the year. For the present year the school tax will yield only $270,- 000. Last year there were 135,000 children iu the public schools, an in crease of 50,000 over 1873. In 1873 there were actually attending school only 63,922 white and 19,755 colored children; in 1874 the numbers stood 93,167 white and 42,374 colored children. This was out of a total of 218,733 white and 175,- 304 colored children within the school ages. There is still in many coun ties some prejudice against colored schools, but it constantly decreases ; and you will notice that more than twice as many colored children at tended schools in 1874 as in 1873. At lanta has a colored university, and the Legislature appropriates yearly to wards its support SB,OOO, the same amount which is given to the old State University, The Governor and Super intendent of schools both desire that this appropriation shall be diverted to a colored normal school; and there is some ignorant prejudice in Atlanta against the teachers iu the University, on the ground of their sitting at table with colored students, which is thought to promote <r social equality.” It is not denied, however, that the school does good work; and I imagine the teachers' can best instruct the pupils iu the minor morals by eatiug at the same table with them. One cannot help feeling a little contempt for the people who here in the South make themselves needlessly unhappy about “social equality.” I was amused at a sensible planter—a Democrat and na tive Georgian—who said to me: “It is absurd in us to make such a fuss; there is scarcely a man of us whose children are not suckled by negro nurses; our playmates were negro boys; all our re lations in the old times were of the most intimate; and for my part I would as soon ride in a car with a cleanly dressed negro as with a white man. It is all stupid nonsense, and makes us absurd in the eyes of sensible people.” The feeling takes the most ridiculous forms, too. For instance; iu Atlanta and Augusta colored people are allowed to ride in street cars; in Savannah they are forbidden. Why the difference? Is a Savannah negro less clean, or is a Savannah white man a more noble being, than those in the other two cities? As showing the relations of the two races, I found on a wall iu Au gusta a poster giving notice of a col ored railroad excursion to Port Royal, stating price of passage and time re quired, and at the end a notice that a special car would be provided for such of the white citizens as would like to take advantage of this opportunity to see Port Royal, and special accommo dations for their comfort would be at hand. The whole affair was under the conduct of colored men. The Superin tendent of Schools told me that there was less prejudice against colored schools in the sourtliern counties where the negroes are the most numerous, than iu the northern part of the State. Condition of the Blacks—Wages. The negroes in and near the cities and towns are usually prosperous. There are many colored mechanics, and they receive full wages where they are skillful. Near Atlanta and other places they own small “truck farms,” and supply the market with vegetables. There are fewer black than white beg gars in the cities; and a missionary clergyman surprised me by the remark that the blackberry crop, which was ripening, was “a blessing to dozens of poor white families of whom he knew,” who lived half the year in a condition of semi-starvation. He explained that these people would not only sell black berries, but that in the season they largely lived on this fruit. These are the kind of people to whom factories would be a blessing. In the cotton country the planter usually pays his hands $lO a month, by the year, with a house and ration. The ration consists of three pounds of ba con, a peck of meal and a pint of mo lasses per week. The laborer has also a “patch” of land for a garden, and Saturday afternoon for himself, with the use of the planter’s mules and tools to work the garden. They work from sunrise to sunset, and in the summer have two and a half hours for dinner. The cotton pickers receive fifty cents per 100 pounds in the seed and are fed, or sixty.five cents per 100 pounds, if they feed themselves. The ration costs about fifteen cents a day. Most plan ters keep a small store, and sell their laborers meat, bread and tobacco on credit, the general settlement being made once a year. The women receive for field work $6 a month and a ration, and I was told that they insist on receiving their own wages and will not let their husbands use their money. They form an im portant extra force for pressing work. One of the most intelligent planters I met in the State told me that his la bores cost him about sls a month— wages and ration. He added (what surprised me) that the best planters prefer to pay wages rather than let their land on shares, and that the wages system was growing in favor al so with the negroes. I found this con firmed by other testimony. It is very different in the other States I have seen —except, indeed, North Carolina— and I imagine the poverty of the soil is a main reason for it. In Mississip pi, Louisiana and Arkansas the plant ers told ‘me it would be poor policy to pay wages. Certainly it is the poorest system for the negro. Planting on Shares. Where the negroes plant on shares the planter furnishes the land and mules and feeds the mules. The negro furnishes labor and feeds it and gets one-third the crop. He pays for one third of the feitilizers. The planter gins the whole crop. Wtmre negroes rent land they pay “50 pounds of lint or ginned ootton for thirty-five or forty acres of land —as much as they can cultivate with one mule—and they keep up the fences and pay for the fertiliz ers. “In this way,” said a planter to To Advertisers and Subscribers. On and after this date (April 21, 1875,) all editions of the Constitutionalist will be sent free of postage. Advertisements must be paid for when han ded in, unless otherwise stipulated. Announcing or suggesting Candidates for office, 20 cents perline each insertion. Money may be remitted at our risk by Express or Postal Order. Correspondence invited from all sources, and valuable special news paid for if used. Rejected Communications will not be re turned, and no notice taken of anonymous letters, or articles written on both sides. me, “ I know one man who made $250 clear in a year over and above his sup port, and another who lost $150.” He added that the negroes, ou the whole, preferred the wages system ; and this is mainly, I imagine, because the arti ficial manures are costly and an uncer tain element iu making a crop. This means really, of- course, that it costs more money to make cotton in Georgia than in the other States I have named. A third of a bale to the acre is the aver age crop in Georgia, but in Mississippi they expect to get from three-quarters to a bale per acre without manure. A planter from one of the “back counties,” where the negroes are most numerous, told me they were a most quiet and docile population. “I live in the midst of several hundred,” he said, “with no white faraily within several miles of mo, and my people are never in the least alarmed. I have not a fire arm in the house half the time. Treat them honestly,” he said, “and they are all right.” This man amused me with some stories of how the blacks were de ceived by a set of white rascals for some years after the war. Among other things, these fellows brought red and blue sticks, which they sold for $1 each to the negroes, wherewith to “stake off” the land whioh the Government was to give them. Tbo blacks used also, when they went to the polls to vote, to bring halters with them, for the mule which Gen. Grant was to give them, I would like to know what gracious wretch it was who spread all over the South, among the blacks, the story of “forty acres and a mule,” which has caused bitter disappoint ment to many thousands of credulous negroes, and appears to have been used mainly to induce them to vote the Re publican ticket. In Louisiana several negroes told me that Gen. Sutler, they understood, would make them this gift; but usually it is from Gen. Grant that they expect it, and they are very ready to vote for him. The planter of whom I speak told mo that the young negroes who had grown up since the war worked less steadily than the old hands. He added that in his county some blacks owned as much as 250 acres of land, and many were doing well on their own farms. “If it were not for the petit larceny they would all do well.” He kept a colored school on his own plantation. The black people liked it, he said. They are fond of hoarding coin, especially since the Freedtnen’s Bank failed, which caused loss to many of them, and they are quite ready to buy gold and silver coin at a premium. Charles Nordhoff. Minor Telegrams. Louisville, Ky., September 15.—The track of the Elizabethtown, Lexington and Big Saudy Railroad, lying in Fay ette county, Ky., was sold to General Leslie Coombs for $5. He held judg ment against the company for damage to his house. lie bought the track at sheriff’s sale. Washington, September 15.—Senator Bruce, of Mississippi, with a delegation from that State, had a long interview with the Attorney*General this morn ing. Indianapolis, September 15— Rev. Alex. Martin, of Virginia, has been elected President of Ashbury Univer sity. Savannah. September 15. —The schoon er Sarali E. Douglass, from Nassau to Norfolk, arrived at Tybee this morning with the crew and passengers, and the British and United States mails and specie from the steamship Zodiac. The mails will be forwarded this eve ning. Cincinnati, 0., September 13.—Dr. W. S. Chipley, for 20 years Medical Superintendent of the Kentucky Insane Asylum, takes charge of College Hill Asylum, in this city. “The Banking Business.” [New York Herald.] In reading the report of the trial of Theodore W. Brown in connection with the larceny of the public treasury, we are impressed with an obseivation made by Ottman,, one of the accused party, to a detective. Ottman, as our readers will remember, is charged with having taken from the Treasury $47,000. For this robbery he is now under ar rest. When Ottman took the money he scarcely knew what to do with it, and iu his anxiety to have it suddenly out af his hands*he led to his own cap ture. Detective McDevitt says that “Ottman was anxious to invest the in the banking business, and employed witness for that purpose.” This resolution of Ott man to become a great banker only shows the condition into which our busiue3s has fallen. We have no doubt that if Ottman had come to New York, established a banking house and gone into business, he might have made a great deal of money; that he might have, like Jay Gould, made res titution to the Treasury of the $47,000 he took from it, and might have become a “great power” in the street, a “king” among railroad brokers, his name a “terror” to the market. Ottman de sired to enter into the banking busi ness, but he was too precipitate. Ho did not make haste slowly. He got into the hands of the police and was arrested. Instead of becoming the Jay Gould of Washington and making “res titution” to the Treasury, he will prob ably go to jail and think over the op portunities he has lost. An Argument for Religious I'olerance. [Church Union.] The following is a characteristic in cident in the life of Deacon Bolles, who was an eminent type of the age in which he lived, for personal and pri vate worth, both as a man and Chris tian. When the Baptists of Hartford be gan to hold public services, an over zealous member of Df. Strong’s society called upon him and asked him if he knew that John Bolles had started an opposition meeting. “ No,” said he ; “ when—where ?” “ Why, at the old Court House.” “ Oh yes, I know it,” the Doctor care lessly replied, “ but it is not an opposi tion meeting. They are Baptists, to be sure, but they preach the same doc trine that I do. You had better go and hear them.” “No,” said the man, “I am a Presby terian.” “So am I,” rejoined Dr. Strong, “but that need not prevent us from wishing them well. You had better go.” “No,” said the man with energy, “I shan’t go near them. Dr. Strong, ain’t you going to do something about it?” “What?” “Stop it, can’t you?” “My friend,” said the Doctor serious ly, “John Bolles is a good man, and will surely go to heaven. If you and I get there, we shall meet him. and wo had better, therefore, cultivate a pleas aqd acquaintance with him here.” No female ever wrote an opera. Very particular persons have small ears,