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TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. Daily—one year SIOO “ six months 5 ch “ three months 2 5i Tbi- Weekly—one year sw “ six months 2 5< Weekly— one year 2 <x six months 1 Single copies. 5 cts. To news dealers, 2 X A cts. Subscriptions must in all cases be paid in advance. The paper will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. JAB. G. BAILIE. ) FRANCIS COGIN. ! Proprietors GEO. T. JACKSON. ) Address all Letters to H. C. STEVENSON, Manager. The Bank of California resumes to day. Now for champagne and birds on toast. Boston comes in for a heavy failure, which involves her banks for a round million of money. The Athens Daily Georgian is one of the brightest and most attractive pa pers published in this State. The Carlists have gained s :*me suc cesses, and the date of their final col lapse has been again indefinitely post poned. The Red Cloud Indian Council has come to some sort of a conclu sion. The United States Government has determined to get the savages out of the Black Hills, and all dark races, sooner or later, must give way before the advance of the “pale faces.” Col. Christy, editor and proprietor of that sterling weekly, the Athens Watchman, is in the city. Any of our merchants wishing to extend their bus iness in the upper part of the State should consider favorably the excellent opportunities afforded them by Col. Christy. We had the pleasure last evening of a visit from Mr. Wm. Weaver, editor of the Greensboro’ Herald. Mr. Weaver conducts one of the best and truest of our country exchanges. It has been a devoted adherent of genuine Demo cratic principles, and we shall always hear with gratification of the success of the able and high-minded editor. According to our Paris dispatches, the telegraph lines have been manipu lated on the Eastern question to suit speculators and propagate lies. With a fraud at the head of the European estabiishinent and Jay Gould in charge of affairs in this country, there will be the devil to pay sure enough. That pious young man, Louis Rehm, who stole some money from the Plan ters’ Bank of Louisville, Ky., which was afterward recovered, is now found to have been a habitual defaulter during the last five years. His stealings have amounted to $105,000, and the bank has accordingly “gone where the woodbine twinetb.” Alluding to the statement of this paper that all Northern tramps had better avoid this city, if they did not want to be “moved on,” the Constitu tion says: “This means to Atlanta, and as Atlanta is not in the habit of shoving paupers on her sister cities, it also means that she must feed and lodge them. If she does, we give notice that the city of Augusta or the Georgia Railroad Company will—in some way not exactly defiued as yet—foot the bill.” Pass them on to Okefenokee swamp, brother Hemphill, and say no more about it. Georgia Railroad Stock has been in demand, with no sellers, this week. The expenditures last year, on the Bth day of September, were $39,634 in excess of the gross receipts. This year, Sep tember 7th, the gross receipts were in excess of outlay $99,319. This is a won derful exhibit, during these hard times, showing admirable management throughout. Can'any Southern road make a better demonstration of sol vency and prosperity ? And we may add that few or no Northern roads, comparatively speaking, are in as good a condition. We believe the Georgia Railroad Company {is as sound as Gibraltar and, under an administration like the present, its securities must be among the best now on the market. We see no good reason why the stock should not vapidly go to its par value. When bad securities shrink, good ones whould be on the ascending scale. THE BUSINESS WORLD. Big Failure in Boston and a Small One in New York—Fighting an In surance Company—Debt Statement of the United States. Boston, October I.—Shepard, Haines & Cos., extensive lumber dealers, have failed for $1,500,000. The Boston banks held nearly a million dollars of their jiaper. Montreal banks hold $500,000- New York, October I.—Firth & Kinchman, iu the brick building mate rial line, failed. Loss, $79,000. They will probably pay 75 cents. Louisville, October I.—The Courier- JournaVs Nashville special says fifty policy holders of the St. Louis Mutual Life Insurance Company, living in Mid dle Tennessee, have filed suits to re cover back annual premiums amount ing to $40,000, on the grounds that the company has failed to comply with contracts. Bonds to the amount of $20,000 have been attached. Washington. Washington, October I.—The debt statement shows a decrease during the month of $3,342,5G2. In the Treasury—coin, $67,833,316; currency, $4,790,352. Treasury disbursements for the month, exclusive of interest or principal of the public debt, $10,750,- 4)00. Five million bonds of June 30th, 1864, have been called. Interest ceases on January Ist, 1876. Legal Battle Between a Trust Compa ny and a Commissioner. New Haven, October I.— lnsurance Commissioner Steadman appeared at the office of the American Life and Trust Company this p. m., and formal ly demanded possession of the effects of the company. Benjamin Noyes, President, gave an answer in 4 wrlting, stating he had been advised by counsel that the law under which the Commis sioner claimed to act was unconstitu tional and void, and that the Commis sioner’s bond was illegal and insuffi cient. He added he did not intend to resist the law, but would hold the as sets subject to orders of courts having jurisdiction of legal questions involved. The Commissioner’s counsel then fm formed Mr. Noyes that he should ap ply to New London Superior Court to morrow for writ of mandamus, and that he should hold him liable under criminal law. President Noyes remains jn possession. @ie August® Constitutionalist, i Established 1799. THE BLACK HILLS. Closing Scenes in the Council. Red Cloud Agency, September 29, via Fort Laramie, W. TANARUS., September 30. After council yesterday, when enor mous prices were put on the Black Hills by the Sioux, the Commissioners became desirous not to submit any proposition for purchase of the Hills. At to-day’s council a protocol, drawn by Messrs. Ashby and Lawrence, was presented to the Chiefs therefore, which after reciting a desire for peace, offered to buy the right to mine in Black Hills for $4,000,000 per annum, this right to terminate at any time on a year’s no tice oy the United States. Second, To purchase the Black Hills from the Sioux nation and pay them for their interests there the sum of $6,250,000 in fifteen annual installments, said sums to be annually appropriated for their subsistence and civilization, not less than $1,000,000 of which shall be annually expended for purposes of civilization. Third, That the President of the United States shall, under proper restrictions and regulations, designate three routes to the Black Hills country. It was next proposed to purchase the Big Horn country for $50,000, paid annually for ten years, the money to be expended in food and stock. It was furthermore proposed that if the protocol be ac cepted, $50,000 be expended iu pres ents, to be distributed among the bands. This protocol was left with the Indians to discuss this winter. Lone Horn, of the Minneconjous, disturbed the council by riding up and deliver ing from his saddle a violent speech against the Brules and Ogallallas for trying to sell his country (the Black Hills.) Little Wound and Spotted Tail spoke, dwelling principally on their wants and about the agents. The coun cil closed with “Hows” and- hand shakes. The Indians felt insulted by Lone Horn’s conduct, and after the council attempted to kill him. He is hid in the bush along White river. The Commissioners expect Messrs. Ashby, Lawrence and Swalm to leave on Thursday afternoon for Fort Lara mie. The Crow-Butte council for the sale of the Black Hills is ended and nothing accomplished. SEA SPORTS. Contest of the New York Yacht Club— A Chapter of Accidents. New York, October I.—The Yacht Club Regatta, for cups presented by Rear Commodore Kane, was yesterday participated iu by Madcap, Sadie, Es telle, Addie, Comet, Vision, Atalauta, Peerless, Clio, Viudex, Active, Resolute. Idler, Mohawk and Palmer. The course was from off the Club House to the Lightship and return, rounding Buoy No. 10 on the Southwest Spit going and returning, the yachts to keep to south ward of Buoy No. 8)4 and outside <>f Buoy No. 5)4 both ways. The yachts were divided into two classes for schooners and for sloops. There was a silver cup for each class, and iu addition Madcap had a side contest with Vision for the Bennett challenge cup for sloops. The wind was light, the tide ebb. As Estelle crossed the line her foreshrouds caught in the mainboomof Dreadnough which was not iu the race and snapped it off. Her own rigging was a little damaged but she continued on to sea. Outside the Hook it was very rough. Estelle lost a man over board but he was recovered. A little sloop accompanying the yachts also lost a man overboard. Efforts to save him were fruitless. Peerless took a header into a heavy sea and came out a wreck, both masts and bowsprit gone. Madcap broke her chain plates three miles from the lightship. Several other yachts suffered damage. Only four yachts were able to sail the entire course, the Comet, Atalanta, Estelle and Sadie, coming home in the order named. The rest were becalmed inside the Hook, while outside it blew a storm. The Atalanta won the prize for first class schooners, the Comet for second class schooners, the Sadie for second class sloops. None iu the first class going over the course, the Bennett challenge cup between the Madcap and Vision remains undecided. CRIMES AND CASUALTIES. Re-arrest of an Escaped Felon—Sus pected Foul Dealing—A Bank Broken by a Defaulting Teller. Baltimore, October I—The negro, Thomas Oscar, who escaped from Mid dlesex county while under sentence of death for outraging a white woman, has been arrested and held for requi sition from the Yiiginia authorities. San Francisco, October 1. —Formal notice has been given that the Bank of California will open on Saturday. New York, October 1. —There are sus picions that the Rev. Dr. Porteous was foully dealt with. His watch is gone, and marks of blue are on his head. Louisville, October I.—lt has been discovered that Louis Rhem, who re cently robbed the Planters’ National Bank, is a defaulter, and that $105,000 were taken during the past five years. The bank will go into liquidation. Marine Disaster—Fatal Explosion— Railway Disaster —Conviction of Mu tineers. Washington, October I.—The signal service observer at Tybee Island, Ga., reports an American bark ashore on Stone Horse, two miles southeast of Tybee. The wind is fresh off the shore and the sea smooth. Tow boats and pilots have gone to her assistance. Louisville, October 1 —An explosion of alcohol vapors iu the Louisville coffin works burned four persons, two fatally. Fair Haven, Vt., October 1. —A rail way collision here. Two persons were killed. The engines and several freight cars were completely demolished. Boston, October 1. —The jury in the Jefferson Borden mutiny case convic ted Miller and Smith for murder, and acquitted Glow. Minor Telegrams. Desmoines, October I.—The Presi dential party have gone to Denver. Norfolk, October I.—Put iu distress here the brig Jas. Crosbj’, from New York for Georgia. Her mainmast was sprung. Halifax, October I.—The first case under the pew law authorizing the con finement of Jipbitual drunkards, on complaint of friends, is progressing. The prosecutor is father-in-law of the defendant. All are well to do citizens. Atlanta, October I.—Colonel John M. Calhoun, Mayor when Atlanta was en tered by Sherman, and of whom the demand for the surrender of the city was made, is dead. Brooklyn, October I.—Dr. Porteous was buried to-day, His friends give no credence to the story that he was the victim of foul play. FOREIGN DISPATCHES Turkey Puts on War-Paint—Collision Between Servians and Oi tomans Im minent —Red Tape in a Flutter—Suc cess of the Carlists—A Well-Dosed Band of Hclavonians. London, October I.—The Times’ spe cial dispatch from Berlin states that Turkey has informed the Powers that the time may come when the Turks will be obliged to repel Servian and Montenegrin inroads. Roumanian re serves are being gradually called in. Affairs are regarded here as verging on a collision. The Daily News telegram from Vienna announces that consuls at Mostar have been instructed by the Powers to send the Porte a memorial embodying the result 1 of their investiga tions, with proposals for thorough re form iu Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Times Paris dispatch says special information received there confirms the impression that the Carlists gained considerable success near San Sebastian on Tuesday. L’Univers reports one hundred Alfonsists killed and 1,000 wounded. A special telegram to the Morning Standard from Vienna says a baud of 500 Sclavonians, who invaded Bosnia, have returned to their homes in south ern Hungary and dispersed. .They were decimated by fighting and disease. Great Britain Bullies China—A Par liamentary Election. Shanghai, October I.—Mr. Wade, British Minister, has intimated to the Chinese Government that if his de mands are not complied with by to-day he will leave Pekin. London, October 1. —The election for a Member of Parliament at Blackburn, to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Henry M. Feilden, occurred yesterday. The candidates were Wm. Coddingtou, Mayor of Blackburn, and M. G. Thwaite, a well known brewer, both Conserva tives. Mr. Thwaite was^lected. Server Pasha’s Instructions— Great Britain Complains of Spain—Eccle siastical Troubles in Germany—Bo gus Telegrams from Turkey. Constantinople, October I.—lnstruc tions have been sent to Server Pasha to receive reports of foreign consuls, but not negotiate with them. A tele gram from the Governor of Bosnia says, in consequence of advantages re cently gained over the insurgents, tele graphic communication has been re established between Navesingi *and Gatchko. London, October I.—The Globe says the British naval commandant at Gib raltar makes formal complaint to his Government of aggressions by Spanish guard coasters in British waters. The Pall Mall Gazette’s Berlin special says the Powers have agreed upon the acceptableuess of proposals made by Herzegovinian insurgents as a basis of further negotiations. The Bishop of Breslau has notified the Ecclesiastical Court that he will not attend, on the ground that the court is not competent to try him. A Bres lau paper says priests have announced their submission to ecclesiastical law. Copenhagen, October I.—Count Moltke Bregentuede, who was appointed Fur eign Minister on the 11th of June last, is dead. London, October 1. —Revenue returns show an increase of £995,000 for the past half year. The Morning Standard publishes a special from Paris containing the fol lowing: At a regular semi-monthly meeting of the Permanent Committee yesterday, the Marquis of Ploeuc called attention to the sham telegrams about the Herzegovinian insurrection, which he said were manufactured in the in terest of uuscrupglous stock jobbers. M. Scherer thought they were concoct ed at Belgrade and Constantinople as well by sympathizers of either party. The subject was referred to the Gov ernment for investigation. Another Fandango—Riot iu Stock holm. Madrid, October 1. —Martinez Cam pos has left Barcelona to resume the direction of operations in Catalonia. London, October I.—The Fall Mall Gazette contains a special from Copen hagen stating that sanguinary riots occurred at Stockholm between the militia and police. The militia stormed the police station, wounding a number. Some of the militia were also wounded. The life guards and horse guards were summoned from the castle before or der was restored. The cause of the trouble is not stated. Chatterinjr Over a French Speech—A Turkish Pot-Pie. Paris, October I.—Public attention at present is much occupied with the fact that the official journal has not yet published the speech delivered by the Minister of Finance at the banquet on the 27th of September. It is stated that M. Buffet prohibited the publica tion of the speech on account of the following sentence: “The eoalition of the 24th of May is happily dissolved.” M. Buffet thinks Ministers should ex amine the matter in a special Cabinet Council to be held to-day. Should the speech not ultimately be published by the official journal, M. Leon Say, the Minister of Finance, is expected to re sign. Paris, October 1. —A Cabinet Councii was heid to-day on the question of Minister Say’s speech. After explana tions the incident was settled; conse quently there will be no ministerial changes. The Journal Offieiel will pub lish the speech to-morrow, together with a letter from Mr. Say, explaining the objectionable passage. The letter was read in the Cabinet meeting anti approved. Vienna, October I.— Evening papers publish telegrams, dated Ragusa to day, stating that several sanguinary engagements had taken place in Herze govina between a body of 1,200 insur gents and 4,000 Turks. The first was fought ftn the 28th ult. near Ivlepavitza. Two engagements followed on the 29th and 30th near Praptrizza. The insur gents lost 50 men, and estimate the loss of the Turks at 500. On account of their inferior numbers, the insur gents were obliged to retreat. Madrid, October I.—A royal decree orders the organization of fourteen new battalions of infantry. Constantinople, October I.—Defini tive arrangments Lave been concluded between the Porte and Austria relative to the junction of Turkish and Austrian railway systems, fixing a period when the necessary works shall be com menced and terminated. London, October 1.-The Times has a special dispatch, dated Ragusa, Sep tember 30, m., in which the correspon dent says be has just returned from Trebigne. No troops had passed for five days. The roads are in the hands of insurgents. Austrian official tele grams state that Turkish troops were repulsed near Kleck yesterday. Fight ing was renewed to-day. The result is unknown. AUGUSTA, GA., SATURDAY, OCTOBER 2. 1875. LETTER FKfM LINCOLN. _ The Weather and: )the Crops—Health of the County—C ■nvict Labor and Its Abuses—Reform speeded. [From Our Regui !r Correspondent.! Goshen, Lincoln O h Ga., Sept. 28,1875. I wrote you nix ‘it ten days since a brief note, makiLp mention of the ex ceeding dry weath \ and the difficulty of persons getting jtieir grain grouud on account of the ;ant of water in the streams. Since the ' we have had some rain, enough at tin ! time to do a great deal of good, and £ ’em present indica tions it is hardly pj risible we will suffer in like manner ag -in this year. The clouds have been'Rooking as if they were ready all day b pour out water, though we have ha | nothing more than a misty rain. The past Summer has been the dullest p : have had in this section for some y jirs. This exceeding ;y weather has not only had the effect! 1 stopping the grist mills or puttiug t em on half time, and also of shorter, igvthe crops, but has produced a grei t deal of sickness throughout Lincoij county. Numer ous cases of chills ;! id fever are found in many sections, w iie not unfrequent ly bilious fever sh ws itself. A phy sician stated not kwg since that there had been more “ olA'ashioned ” bilious fever recently in LiScoln than in seve ral years past. T* most sickly lo calities are in the il ighborhood of the Savannah river, tlowgii it extends ali oyer the county, jrhere have, how ever, been no deajis resulting from these causes. * I failed in my lasmo mention the re cent death of Mrs.aLucindn Carleton, an aged lady, who r 'sided in this coun ty for years, leavin' several children and many grand i tiidren. She died quite suddenly of (3 hat was supposed to be a congestive <•? ill. Mrs. C. had a very aged negro \! nnan living with her at the time of j j?r death, who had been in the family f ; mauy years, and who was said to be iver 100 years of age, who has since iKied. She went by the name or “ Old wmnt Sylvia,” and was found lying unconscious on the fl' >or by someone, life' ving been stricken with paralysis. ■ . The weather, thou [h unfortunate in many respects, has >een very Hue for picking cotton. Ttb > fields are “white unto the harvest” v -lerever you look, and as I wrote you! last, every availa ble hand has been p ced in the cotton patch. Many of tje children of the farmers have been sli ipped from school, and the schools at p esent writing pre sent a thin appea inee of scholars. Hands can get lift cents a hundred and rations, or six! cents a hundred and furnish themsel cs. Can you not send us up a few hoice hands from your thickly popul, ed city, many of whose inhabitants t e out of employ ment? Plenty of v irk to do iu the country, and wanted to doit. All the cotton has l> , opened yet, but it is opening very : ipidly, and if we have no very bad!' eather, it will be picked out some!': aat earlier than usual. As I wrote yb . some time since, very good cotton cr<; :ts will be made in some parts of the minty, especially in the section aroiL 1 Goshen, but in the lower sectious ! if the county the crop has been cousin rably shortened, and down there they will soon have all their cotton picked , it. The prospect for the future is veii) blue to some of the farmers, on a<j >unt of this “cut off” in the cotton, U; n which crop so many depend for till ■ bread and meat. Those who have w eat and oats in their garners, and lenty of corn in prospect to fill their irns, do not have much fear of starvifi; ; though the cot ton crop is short and he price low. As fast as Uie cot) n is picked out the planters get it gb led and {lacked, in order to get it it > market, to pay their guano and sup! y bills, and to lay in some further supp ;>s. We have working, Pur miles above here, some of the pei „entiary convicts, about forty iu nun: er. They are a portion of the lot hir 1 from the State by Mr. Grant, of G, nt & Alexander fame. They have be aat work up to a recent period, grading the Elbertou Air Liue Railroad, which vill connect El berton with the Rich ond and Atlanta Air-Line at Toeooa Jity, but having finished that part f the work, and having run out of a job, they have branched out into ti j country seeking work, in order to cle; expenses. This gang branched out p. this direction, and have been clear ; g land, digging ditches and picking < >tton for the far mers in the upper pa of Lincoln. It costs $1 per day p hand, they feed ing themselves, and i; is said they do as much work in one! veek as ordinary hands will do in two. festerday thirty six of them picked ov |r 6,000 pounds of cotton. If this is tru !it is cheaper la bor than the hire of t eedmeu. In this lot there are five why ?s aid thirty-five negroes—one of the f* jutes a Yankee. As in all gangs of th! ] kind they have “trusties,” so in this' fte there are sev eral—one of whom is i ; negro sentenced to imprisonment for lib. He, however, expects by good behavior to be releas ed some time soonjgi I am informed that their treatment m several particu lars is not what it sln *ld be. They are quartered in a small jfpom, the exact dimensions of which ft do not know, but I am told far too Jjnall to be either comfortable or health! for thirty-five or forty human bcjgs to lodge in. Their quarters are v<:- filthy—enough to sicken any one. Afll in this room are two of the white Jfmvicts, disabled —one of them sick, ami the other se verely injured by the filling of a tree, and u :able to turn hj jjself over. There they are with negroegland in filth, and in a crowded room, ai|| if they recover it will be almost aimjjkcle. Added to this, they itiave not the op portunity to wash tl ftiselves as often as health requires, at’fe® { resent a dirty personal appearancM I hear it ru mored that they ardf{punished unne cessarily, but of this; jUI have no direct information. I havc'Lio doubt they would excite the pity|rad sympathy of any man of stnsibilit rl-who would visit them. Ido not writ; ji from personal observation, but got my information from a gentleman oft: js neighborhood who is truthful in all aspects, and his statements can be relic lon. He visited them this evening, an >• gave me these particulars. If thing.- are as bad as he represents them, a ~l I have no rea son to doubt it, these [pnvicts ought to be looked after by s: e proper State official. Up to a rece | time, I was in favor of the present ystern of hiring out the convicts, but f 3 >m what I have heard of this lot, tog ; her with infor mation of others, I ti lk it won’t be long before I am a o averted man to the old Penitentiary s -stem. Men, al though they are ec ivicts, are not brutes, but human bei gs, and deserve good treatment, and Le Government should be strict to s \ that they are treated humanely, i|fve good food, cleanly quarters,' pleijfcy of water to keep themselves clean i?md a physician to attend them whener they are in any way needed. I mention these things to give infor mation to the people, so that they may know how the convicts are treated, and will take occasion to say I think it would do no great harm for a State of ficial to make a visit and inspect this gang. C. Port Royal—Hilton Head. [Washington (D. C ) Chronicle.] Who has not heard of Port Royal? Yet, how many of the people of this country understand where it is and what its surroundings? Port Royal is one of the finest harbors along the At lantic coast, and since the close of the war, has been steadily gaining in im portance. It is simply a deep indenta tion of the general line of the coast, oc curring below Charleston, and above Savannah, but being rather nearer the latter place. It has no large rivers pouring their waters into it. In that particular, it is similar to Brunswick, in Georgia, Broad river is merely an arm of the bay reaching off northwest a short distance into South Carolina. Beaufort river is only an inside chan nel, through which, to the northeast, Charleston can be reached by still water, causing large islands to inter vene between the ocean and the bay, or port, thereby effectually protecting the latter. The island at the mouth of Port Royal harbor is Hilton Head. Behind tnis is a channel, affording still-water intercourse with Savannah. At the northeast end of this island and front ing the harbor was the town of Hilton Head, during the war, a purely military station, the name of which became in terchangeable with that of Port Royal. These cognomens mean exactly the same thing. From Hilton Head signal station there was thrown forward into the bay, until deep water was reached, a long wharf of about 2,000 feet. At this, iu times of military activ ity, would be found heavy draught transports from New York, the Arago and Fulton, and smaller steamers, and other craft for coasting purposes, while out in the bay, lying safely at anchor, above the line of the Hunting Islands was the huge frigate New Hampshire, half a dozen wicked look ing, low browed monitors, and per chance a ship or two. Below the wharf, along the beach, the surf soon begins to break, and half a mile, or a mile down, on the front of the island, the roar of the advancing and receding ocean waves is as regular as at Cape May; and, iu spots, is as delightful to drive upon. Port Royal then, is a noble sheet of salt water, with an excellent and well defiued entrance, admitting vessels drawing twenty-five or thirty feet, almost completely protected, although not land-locked, and having a fine, soft bottom anchorage. Its value as a point of distribution was so marked while the war lasted, that it has been growing in favor with the Government, and the people as well, ever since. Hilton Head has been abandoned, but another place above, further away from the ocean, "and nearer Beaufort, has been estab lished. This is at the end of a railroad, which connects with the interior net work of roads at Augusta, Georgia, and crosses at right angles the Charleston and Savannah road, about half way be tween the two cities. Those who are interested in Port Royal—who have firm faith in its eventual development as the greatest of Southern ports—expect to see it the Atlantic terminus of the great trans contineutai route from San Diego, Cal ifornia, by way of Marshall, Texas, Vicksburg and Jackson, Mississippi, Montgomery, Alabama, and Atlanta and Augusta, Georgia. Already a line of weekly steamers from New York to Fernaudiua makes Port Royal the principal stopping point, and soon semi-weekly trips will be made. A line of first-class steamers to Europe is iu contemplation. The United Stati s fleet was ordered from Key West to this port for the summer and be cause of its healthfulness, strong assurances are given that it will be se lected as a naval station. Beaufort, near by, has always been noted for the salubrity of its climate, and conse quently was the summer resort of many of the old South Carolina fami lies. " There is a dock at Port Royal of half a mile in length, in immediate prox imity to the shipping, and upon this are cotton presses and warehouses, making the handling of freight exceedingly easy. During the past year the shipping at the port numbered twelve hundred vessels —ships, steamers, barges, etc. Of cot ton, 30.000 bales have gone through; gu ano, 5,000 tons ; phosphate rock, 55,000 tons; and lumber, 40,000,000 feet. Also, many hundred tons of cotton ties, bag ging, and other small freight. The lumber trade is increasing rapidly. Two first-class saw mills are running at Port Royal, a number along the line of the railroad, and a still larger one is being erected near Beaufort, by wealthy English capitalists. These will have almost inexhaustible pine forests to tap, and will ship millions of feet of lumber annually to the North, the West Indies and direct to Europe. Any one who has lingered around Hilton Head and Beaufort, and given a little study to the topography of the country, cannot fail to see that a dozen or twenty active men, with plenty of capital at command, can develop the harbor of Port Royal into just what they please. There is not a single ele ment wanting, necessary to make it one of the great seaports of the world. And should it start ahead. Charleston and Savannah must look to their laurels. Important Decision as to National Banks. Washington, October I.—The Comp troller, some days ago, transmitted letters from the First National Bank of Florida and the Citizens’ National Bank of Raleigh, N. C., to the Solicitor of the Treasury, for his opinion as to the right of a State to impose a license tax upon the capital of National banks, and also the rights of State officers to examine National banks, or to require reports of their affairs to be made to them. The Solicitor had given an elaborate opinion that a license tax upon the capital of a national bank cannot be inforced, and that State officers have no right either to examine or to exact reports from national banks. He says this entire legislation is at variance with the law as adjudicated, and sub versive and destructive of the princi ples governing the relations of the Federal and State governments. A lady leaving one of the summer resort hotels last week was charged with an entire china toilet set, only one piece of which she had broken. She paid the bill, and, pleading the excuse of having forgotten something, re turned to the room and broke each and every article of the set for which she bad paid.—[New York Mail. FALL RIVER. How the Massachusetts Lords Neg lect and Maltreat their Serfs —The Way the Latter Live and What They Live On. [Fall River Letter, 25th, to the New York Herald.] Evidently the manufacturers here have raised up a nest of hornets by their new “ agreement,” or by what may rather be called the new declara tion of principles. It is not difficult to deal with the operative when he is at work and in good humor, but he is a difficult being to drive when he is hard up and hungry. For two or three years past he has not been well treated in Fall River. He has suffered from the fluctuations of the markets, more so than the employer, because, pro rata, every reduction has fallen more heavi ly upon him. His house rent and his provisions cost him as much when he earns $lO a week as when he can make sl2. He must wear the same quality of clothing, poor though it may be, in bad or prosperous times. He has for the most part a family averaging from three to eight, so that at the best, as J have previously shown, lie has but a poor chance to save much even when his wages reach sl2 or sl3 a week. Life at the Corporation Tenements. It occurred to me yesterday to call upon some of these male and female spinners, weavers and carders at their tenements. I was desirous of ascer taming how far the statements for aud against their mode of life were true. The manufacturers have prided them selves on the assumption that the oper atives were better off here than in other mill districts; that the providing of separate tenements for each family tended to create a home feeling; that while the crowding system at Lowell has a tendency to lead young persons to immorality, here the fact of a man having his family in a house with the boarders induced him to maintain a certain respectability. They also claim that under their system single women could board and lodge for $3.50 per week, young men for $5.50, with com fortable families, cheaper and better than they could possibly obtain else where. But they do not say that young men and young women live together in tenements where there are no such re straining influences as the respectable heads of families exert, and herein they are, to a certain extent, either deceived or deceivers. A Specimen. I entered a tenement on Sixth-and-a half street, belonging, I believe, to the Troy Mills. There were six rooms in the house, three on the first, three on the second floor, so arranged that the two rear rooms were as though origi nally there had been but two rooms of the same width as the front room. The frame of the place was so cracked that you could see through it in two places, one in front and one on the left hand side as you enter. As I entered, the stench was sickening. The front room was twelve feet by fourteen; the two rear rooms slightly over half these di mensions, as the staircase that led to the second floor took off some three feet of the lower front room. The ceiling was but six feet from the floor, and as dirty as the floor on which I stood. There was a large stove in the room, exceedingly rusty in some parts and greasy iu others. No carpet on the floor. A low, wooden kitchen table was standing beneath the front window, covered with dirty cups and dishes and a few scraps of black bread. On two chairs, at the side of the stair case, stood a huge washtub, half filled with linen. In the bedroom, by the right, was a low, wooden settle-bed, part of the bed clothes being draggled on the bare floor. A piece of looking glass, iu the shape of a triangle, was standing on a black mantel piece. This constituted the furniture of the apart ment. In the bedroom, to the left, an old oaken, square bedstead, about three-quarter size, was the ouly luxury observable. A stout-looking Irish wo man sat in front of the uucleaned breakfast table in the act of nursing a well grown child. With her sat a young woman. Three ragged little children ran into the room to show the mother some pieces of cake which had been given to them by some kind neighbor. “Oh, and it’s a poor place you’ve come to,” said the woman, as she has tily put the child into the iap of her companion. “ The man is away now. as you see. I have to live here as best I can by washing. ’Tis a poor life, but I manage to keep my four babies from the overseers.” At this she carefully divided the pieces of cake to the dirty-faced boy aud two girls, who had neither shoes nor garments that even the Arabs ol the Five Points would care to don. “ What is your name?” I asked. “Kitty Shannon,” said sh*?, after some hesitation. “ How much do you pay a month for your, apartments?” “We pay seven dollars.” “Do you all sleep in those two rooms ?” “ Yes, certainly ; we have no other place,” said she, as though I had im agined she was luxurious enough to expect anything better. “ What can your husband earn a month?” “ When he is working he can earn from thirty-five to thirty-eight dollars.” “ What do you get now?” “Faith, it is a difficult thing to say. But for some kind creatures that help us with food I think we’d often get nothing. You see, when I take home my washing I get little dishes for the children.” “I mean how much money do you earn now,” I repeated. “None at all since the mill stopped except the few dollars I make by my washing.” “How then do you pay your rent?” “With the money I make, of course. If I didn’t pay I’d be put into the street mighty quick.” Seeing that I could the financial condition, I said to her, “I suppose you saved a little during good times, eh ?” “The devil a cent, sir, I assure you. It took ali we made to live de cently.” “What do you think it costs for you to live now?” “It can’t cost more than $4 a week, for that’s all I get, and have paid a month’s rent out of this.” Here was a case of a woman capable of paying $7 a month and sustaining a family of four in her husband’s absence (who was looking for work elsewhere) on an income of sl6. Specimen No. 2. I next went to the Union tenements on Seventh and Eighth streets, and some of the upper floors were simply wretched. In many of these the stair cases leading to the second story are on the outside, and so made that a small connecting gallery or lauding is constructed to make the one staircase do for two houses. Beneath this stair- New Series —Vol. 28, No. 60 case of the house I entered was a pile of putrid garbage. A dark-visaged woman, with thick matted hair, resem bling an Indian, stopped me on the landing and demanded to know my business. “You’ll find my mon there,” said she, pointing to a dirty pine door. The man, a queer looking, dark haired individual, was sitting on the floor with a boot on his knees, which he was endeavoring to mend with all the science of a Crispin. “I have called to see if you are ready to go to work on Monday,” I said, as I put a small notebook into my pocket. At this he rose and said, with all the keenness of Silas Wegg : “I suppose you’ve no objecshuns to rny seeins the docimunt?” His dialect was more pleasant than his general manner, for he scowled threateningly as I closed my coat. “Noa ! if I can see un I’ll never sign un, that’s sure.” I explained that I had no document; but had merely called to ask the ques tion. He then sat down again and took a grim looking cat on his knees, which he patted gently as he inquired suspi ciously : “Wudyer goto work onder sooch condishuns ? ’ I told him I could not well make up my mind about that; “but how are you living now?” I inquired. “Livin’? Me an’ the ole woman live on oor leetle cosh in the savins bank, but ave oonly S3O left, and when that’s gone we mun go and beg. Ave never doone a wrong in my loife. When they get Ben Wilkins to creenge an’ bow for a livin’ it’ll be on the hoighvvay and not in a mill. But ae tell yer what ae wud do; ae’d loike to poet a few o’ them dommed buildin’s to the torch,” and he pointed significantly in the direction of the City Hail. “Four an’ twenty years ago ae left Burnley, in Englaud, an’ coome to this country. Ave worked with me hands ever since (and he held up his long, sinewy fingers.) Am fifty year old, an’ ave brought oop a fam ily. Noo am worse off than many a convict who has been twenty years in prison. If they’ll let me earn $lO a week I’ll go to work; if they doan’t Ben’ll beg his bread, that’s what he’ll do;” and as he said this he slapped the cat violently on the back, much to the terror of the animal. As Mrs. Ben now made her appearance, I did not feel like pursuing the question further, and so we talked of the weather and the price of butchers’ meat until I saw a favorable opportunity to withdraw. I might give a dozen other instances; of the young people who are improvi dent and who huddle together five or six in a tenement; of the aged who cannot keep themselves clean; of the disgusting sanitary arrangements, of the harshness of the overseers of the poor, who dispense only with grunts. But I think I have shown sufficient to convince any reasonable mind that as a rule the operatives here work hard, live extremely plain, are orderly and economical as far as they can be, and that the claims of the corporations now made are only additional abuses heap ed upon an industrious and useful class of citizens. CAlili SCHUIIZ. A German Opinion of Him. [Cincinnati Volksfreund.] “Carl Schurz did not deliver a speech last night; he read a long essay on the evils of inflation, that is to say, an un bounded, senseless increase of the cur rency. The Democratic party is not in favor of such an increase, but Mr. Schurz needed a theme to do a service for his patrons and admirers, the mo nopolists, so he raised a man of straw that he might quietly knock it down. If we say that Mr. Schurz did not ad duce a single new thing, and when we add that anybody could compile and read an essay such as Mr. Schurz read from a number of articles which have lately appeared in papers in the pay of the National banks, this is in every re peat true. “Schurz asserts that he has not gone over to tiie Republicans, although he advocates the defeat of Allen. This is so thin that any simpleton can see through it. ‘He that is not for Me is against Me.’ Whoever is not lu favor of the Democrats is against them, and consequently on the side of the Repub licans. There are only two candidates in the field; Allen, the Democrat, and Hayes, the Republican. Whoever votes for Allen is consided by all a Democrat, and vice versa. The election of Allen is a triumph of the Democratic party; the election of Hayes a triumph of the Republican party. Schurz can not vote for Hayes because he has no vote in Ohio, but at heart in reality he is a Re publican, for if he had a -vote here he would cast it for Hayes. He may turn and twist as he will, he is working now in the interest of the Puritanic, tem perance, and mucker party; the same party which gave us the crusade pesti lence; the same party which presented us with the accursed Adair law; the same party which stubbornly refused to modify in any manner the stringent temperance laws—in short, the party which represents narrow-mindedness, bigotry, and coercive rule. “And Schurz presto address him self specially to the Democrats. This alone was wanting. He comes to Ohio for the purpose of attempring to wring the neck of the Democratic party, and he asks that the Democrats shall listen to him before he begins the work of execution. But the Democrats decline with thanks. Like the Democrats of Missouri, who had no votes for him when he wished to return to the Sen ate, the Ohio Democrats have no ears for him who has come to assist the corrupt Republican party in regaining its legs. Schurz has been weighed and found wanting. He has outlived his fame.” FROM NEW YORK. Still Harping on the Faraday—The Bank of California Paying Up. New York, October I.— The Faraday leaves London Wednesday upon direct cable business. Messers, Laidlaw & Cos., agents of the Bank of California, in this city, state they will pay all outstanding drafts of that bank on and after Satur day the 2d inst. FALL RIVER. Matters Getting Better, Fall River, October I.—Twenty-eight mills were visited this morning and show a large increase of hands. Hands are arriving from other States to early application on the part of many. The difficulty is now virtually ended. Mili tary and police are still on duty, bqt no disturbances are reported, ■—■ A dispatch from Simlah, dated yes terday, says the Ameer of Afghanistan, is sending troops to coerce his feuda tory, t he Emir of Malmund, who of late has been refractory, To Advertisers and Subscribers. On and after this date (April 21, 1875,) all editions of the Constitutionalist will be sent free of postage. Advertisements must be paid for when han ded in, unless otherwise stipulated. Announcing or suggesting Candidates for office, 20 cents per line each insertion. Money may be remitted at our risk by Express or Postal Order. Correspondence invited from all sources, and valuable special news paid for if used. Rejected Communications will not be re turned, and no notice taken of anonymous letters, or articles written on both sides. RACE-DISTINCTIOm. How the Man and Brother Fares in Radical Philadelphia. {Philadelphia Times.l At the funeral of Henry Jones, the well known colored caterer of this city, who died the other day, a very unus ual and painful scene was presented to the attendant friends and to the be reaved family. It had been arranged that the body should be laid in the ground in a lot which had been pur chased by Mrs. Jones in May last from an agent of the Mount Moriah Ceme tery Association. All the frfends were gathered at the house of mourning, and the funeral was about to proceed to the grave yard, when the following note was handed to a member of the family: Mount Moriah Cemetery, j % September 27, 1875. ) Mrs. Elizabeth Jones: Madam: I am in receipt of a note from you requesting a grave to be dug in lot No. 48, E%, Section 56, in Mount Mo riah Cemetery. lam unable to comply with your request, because the lot in question is registered as belonging to William H. Boileau, and the rules of the cemetery require me to act only under the order of the registered owner. Very respectfully yours, &c., H. P. Connell, Superintendent. The letter is endorsed on its back as follows: Philadelphia, Sept. 27, 1875. Lear Sir: Please to Let the Bearer Bury in the within Lot. W. H. Boileau. After the receipt of this startliug let ter and the obtaining of the required endorsement, and the mourners were all seated in their carriages ready to be taken to the grave, a messenger, and some say messengers, purporting to come from the cemetery authorities, passing along the funeral cortege and told the occupauts of the carriages that the body could not be interred in Mount Moriah Cemetery. A messenger was immediately dispatched by the family to the cemetery with the deeds of the lot and the above order of Boi leau, the registered owner, but he was informed by the officer in charge that objection having been made by some of the lot holders to the interment of colored persons in the cemetery, he was instructed by the managers not to allow the bodies of such to be brought within the grounds. This flat denial caused a divergence of the funeral pro cession to Lebanon Cemetery, where the body was temporarily placed in the receiving vault. A Times reporter sought and found Mr. Horatioj Connell, the Superinten dent of the Mount Moriah Cemetery, at his farm house “down the road,” near Darby, last night. His statement, in answer to questions, is substantially this, viz: The lot in question belonged to Boileau, who is aspeculator in burial lots. He sold it to Mrs. Jones. At 8 p. m. on last Friday I received a note from that lady asdiug me to have a grave dug. As she did not own the lot I declined to accede to her request, but I notified the President of the cemetery association, and visited his homo on Sunday. He was away at Wilmington, however, and I consequently missed meeting him. I saw him on Monday morning, and he then instructed me to refuse the corpse admission. I simply act uuder the orders of Mr. Smyth. The Board of,Managers having control of the cemetery instructed me by a vote to refuse to receive Jones’ body. lam not aware of any of the renre sentations made by Boileau when he sold the lot. I will honestly admit that there is a very strong prejudice on the part of the lot owners against the granting of permission of burial to colored persons. I do not care to ex press my private feelings on the sub ject.” The statement of Mrs. Jones through her counsel. Wm. H. Browne, Esq., is that she bought the lot from Boileau in May last, but that the mu niment of title is defective in not show ing the approval of the company to the transfer by the signature of the secre tary or its registry ; that Mrs. Jones’ sister’s body was permitted to be buried there and is still there; that her husband, shortly previous to his death, improved the lot in question by put ting a rail around it and erecting mar ble posts with his name on them. Pennsylvania Politics—Letter from Judge Pershing. Judge Pershing’s letter accepting the Democratic nomination fos Gov ernor of Pennsylvania has been made public. Concering the financial ques tion he sajs: “New issues are presented to the consideration of the people. The ques tion of the currency is attracting the attention of thoughtful men of all par ties. Its final settlement rests with Congress and the President. The legal tender issue has beeopie incorporated into the business of the country, and its constitutionality has been ’ af firmed by the Supreme Court of the United States. I am opposed to inflation in its true sense, and inflation is not demanded by the Erie platform. That platform opposes any further contraction of the currency at this time of financial distress, when our workshops, mills, and many facto ries are closed and thousands of men willing to work are out of employment, lo expand the volume of the currencv when the people are incurring debts, and to rapidly oontract it when the time for payment has come, will prove ruinous to every business enterprise “The attempt to force the country to resumption of specie payments under the provisions or the act passed by the last Congress will only intensify the distress which now everywhere prevails. We must cease exporting gold to pay interest on our indebted ness abroad before specie payments can safely be resumed. I favor such a volume of currency as the legitimate demands of business and the revival of the industries of the country may re quire. Experience will best determine this, and it is to be hoped that an ade quate standard or test for regulating the amount of currency may be estab lished by our representatives in Con gress. I adhere to the doctrine always held by the Democratic party, that gold and silver constitute the true basis for bank note circulation. “The question as to this is not the same as that of a paper currency, that is itself made by the sovereign power a legal tender, and therefore is money. He concludes by saying : ‘The nomi nation has come to me unsought. It found me busily engaged in the dis charge of my judicial duties. Ido not propose to tender my resignation to the Governor and solicit votes from the stump. I will leave to the people the decision of the contest, believing that He who rules over the destinies of States will guide to that conclusion which in the end will be for the best,’ ’*