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TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. Daily—one year $lO oo " six months 5 00 “ thcee months 2 50 Tbi-Weekly—one year 5 oo “ six months 2 60 Weekly— one year 2 oo “ six months 1 00 Single copies, 5 eta. To news dealers, 2H ct. Subscriptions must in all cases be paid in advauee. The paper will be discontinued at the expiration of the time paid for. JAS. G. BAILIE, ) FRANCIS COGiN. Proprietors GEO. T. JACKSON,) Address all Letters to the Constitu tionalist office, AUGUSTA, GA. FOREIGN DISPATCHES. News from Various Quarters of the Globe. A Chinese Riot. London, December 21.—A dispatch from Governor Jervois reports a Chinese riot in Melasca. He has sent troops there. The French Assembly. Paris, December 21.—The Senatorial balloting yesterday was fruitless. A Radical leader introduced a motion that amnesty be granted to Commun ists, and requested that it be declared urgent. An indescribable tumult fol lowed. The previous question was j almost unanimously carried, the Left ! considering the motion, which cannot pass, an electioneering trick. The affair causes a complete rupture between the extreme Radicals and the Left. Members Elected, to the French As sembly. Paris, December 21. —The following were elected members of the French Senate to-day: Admiral De Montaig nac, Minister of Marine, and M. Leon Marleville, member for Tarn et Ga ronne, of the Left Centre. This com pletes the list of Senators so far as the national Assembly is concerned, seven ty-flve members having been elected by that body. The other members, , two hundred and twenty-five in num- | her, are to be elected indirectly by the j people of the several departments. A Collision. Bordeaux, December 21. —The Trans- j Atlantic Steamship Company’s steamer j Louisiana, from the West ludies, sunk in the Girouda river from a collision. Sixteen persons, including the captain, were lost. Later. —The steamer Gironda, bound ; to Brazil, collided with the steamer Louisiana. Jovellar’s Successor. Madrid, Dec 'inber 21. —Gen. Caballos, instead of going to Cuba, will succeed Joveliar as Minister of War. The Dynamite Exploder Again. London, December 21. — A letter to the Times from Berlin says that Fuchs, the mechanician, had not delivered to Thompson any of the twenty additional machines ordered by him. The Daily News is informed that Thompson posi- | lively denied that he had any aceom- j plice in his plot. Wainwright Executed. Henry Wainwright, recently convict- | e<l of the murder of Harriet Lane in White Chapel road, in this city, was ; hanged at Newgate prison, Old Bailey, j to-day. Just before he was pinioned, he handed the Governor of the prison a written statement which ho said he desired to make public. In this paper he acknowledges the justiee of his sen tence, and says he deserves bis fate, though he does not explicitly admit that he murdered the young woman. A Thorn in the Side—The Madrid Government in a Quandary. Madrid, December 21.—Valmaseda’s resignation as Captain-General of Cuba j greatly embarrasses the Government. General Joveliar will undoubtedly re- : turn to Cuba as Captain-General,but his j appointment is not yet officially an nounced. This will leave Gen. Campos at the head of the army. The situa tion is regarded as inopportune. Generals Quesada and Campos have j arrived at Saragossa and left for Na- j varre. Cadiz, December 21.—Papers assert I that Count Marfoni has been arraigned, j Madrid, December 21.—General Jov eliar, Minister of War, has been ap pointed Captain-General of Cuba, in the | place of Valrnaseda. General Joveliar and General Ceballos, will shortly leave for Cuba. General Quesada will be ap poiuted Commander-in-Chief of the Armies of the North. Vesuvius Erupting. Naples, December 21.—Mount Vesu- ! vius is in an eruptive condition. The j instruments in the observatory are in | motion,and Professor Palmieri predicts 1 a long period of eruption. Cuban News. Havana, December 21.—Juan Itur ralde, a Spaniard and a merchant of Villa Clara, owning a plantation in the neighborhood, convicted of corre sponding wi£h the insurgents and fur nishing them with money, provisions .and other articles, was executed at j Villa Clara on the 18th inst, with a view to putting a stop, if possible, to the continued burnings of farms and plun der of farmers by the insurgent bands and, as a proclamation says, the dis- | honoring of the daughters of the coun try people by insurgents. The Governor of Sagua has issued the following order, approved by Captain General Valrnaseda: All countrymen bringing in one of these bandits called insurgents, dead or alive, to headquarters, will receive ten gold doubloons, and eleven if bringing also Lis musket. A recompense of from three to ten' doubloons will be paid to all countrymen bringing in formation enabling troops to destroy or surprise insurgent camps. Farmers killing a rebel prefect or sub-prefect, or ; giving information producing that re- I Suit will be paid fifteen doubloons.* He ; also announces that any person prov- ; ing that any party furnishes the insurgents anything receives six or more doubloons, according to the im portance of the case. Captain-General Valrnaseda says the orders of insur gent chiefs to their subordinates are to risk no encounter with the troops, but always to scatter and divide into par ties of less than ten, and to commit all possible depredations. Public opinion is strong that the de parture of Valrnaseda at the present time is not a good thing for the Island, especially regarding military matters, and the advantages expected to be gained by the troops. The 3*teamer City of New York, which arrived here to-day from New York, made the passage in four days and five hours, which is claimed to be the fastest time on record. CHICAGO. Babcock off for Waslii ngton—A Sus pension. Chicago, Dec. 21.—C01. Babcock left here for Washington last night. Judge Kri m, of St. Louis, his counsel, had a consultation with the Colonel yester day evening, and went with him to Washington. The trial will begin in St. Louis on the 11th of January next, in the United States Circuit Court, before Judges Treat, of St. Louis, and Dillon, ot lowa. The Directors of the Commercial Loan Company, decided to wind up. The cause is understood to be personal disagreement, not financial embarrass ment. The Directors state that the indebtedness, including the capital stock, is 8550,000 and assets of all kinds the same. The suspension caused no excitement. <il)c Stijpsttt Ccmstihdionnlist Established 1799. FROM WASHINGTON. — Echoes from the Capital. Washington, December 21.—The name of Jefferson Barracks Post Office has been changed to St. Louis Arsenal. The Traders National Bank of Char lotte, N. C. is authorized to commence business. Capital, one hundred thous and dollars. Cabinet—Routine business. A plea of insanity was made for Cbas. G. Fisher, Assistant District At torney, indicted for abstracting court papers and other rascalities while in office. The following are the Southern ap pointments in the Clerk’s office: J. B. Dalton, Miss.; Engrossing Clerk, Jos. H. Francis, Ala.; Fjle Clerk, ex-Represen tative Rice, Ky.; Librarian, Washing ton M. Hardy, N. C.; Assistant Libra rians, P. H. Winston, N. C., M. T. Dove, Maryland. - SOUTH CAROLINA. The Obnoxious Judges—The Gover nor will Not Issue Commissions to Whipper and Moses. Charleston, December 21.—Gov. Chamberlain has refused to issue the commissions of Whipper and ex-Gov. Moses—the obnoxious judges elect— filing the following statements of his reasons: I decline to sign the commissions of W. J. Whipper and F. J. Moses. Jr., elected as Judges of the Circuit Court of this State by the General Assembly on the 16th inst., for terms to begin August 26th, 1876. By the constitution of the State the Judges of the Circuit Court are to be elected for terms of four years. By a series of adjudicated cases in the highest court of the State, extend ing from 1821 to 1872, it has, in my judgment, been determined that offi cers elected under the provisions of the law similar to this provision of the present Constitution are entitled to hold their offices for the full term pre scribed by the Constitution or laws un der which the election is held. It fol lows that as the terms of the present incumbents of the offices to which the above named persons claim to have been elected on the sixteenth instant, will not expire until after another gen eral election of members of the Gen eral Assembly, the present General As sembly has not the right to elect their successors. While, iu some cases pre senting similar legal questions it may not be required of the Governor to de cline to issue commissions, the circum stances of the present case compel me to take this course. (Signed) D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carelina. THE INDIANS. Trouble Apprehended in the South west—A Horrible Massacre. Galveston. December 21.—Advices from Eagle Pass state that 300 Coman che ladians warriors are reported by Mexican traders at the Canon of San Rodgers, forty miles above Rimalo. It is thought that the object of the gather ing is to make raids into Texas. Dis patches from Fort Clarke state that a party of Mexicans crossed the river twelve miles below San Felipe, sur prised Pond’s Ranche, killing three men and capturing ail the army horses aud six hundred head of cattle. Companies of citizens are organizing to follow them. Much trouble is apprehended. A borrible massacre is reported near Atokis, Indian Nation. The bodies of four persons were found burned on the prarie, two being females, burned be yond recognition. The others were whites. A pony with a lady’s side sad dle, a dog and a gun were found near by. Three men, who were seen riding nine miles from the spot are supposed to have done the shooting. The prarie was fired to destroy the trail. RELIGIOUS. Presbyterian Ministerial Association at Philadelphia. Philadelphia, December 21.—At a meeting of the Presbyterian Ministerial Association resolutions were adopted instructing the pastors of the Presby terian Church to prepare a history of their churches, to carry out the de sire of the General Assembly, which appointed a committee to consider the propriety of the church taking part in the Centennial anniversary. The Assem bly has designated the first Sunday in July, 1fi.76, as a day of praise and thanksgiving. Minor Telegrams. Annapolis, Md., December 21.—The Court of Appeals issues a mandamus against the Governor to compel him to issue a commission to Governor Bowen as Attorney General; aud also decides that the Governor has no authority to examine into the allegod election frauds. Worcester, Mass., December 21. —A fire at Spencer burned Bush & Graut’s boot factory, with five other buildings on Main street. Loss 875,000. Ellsworth, Me., December 21.—Geo. A. Dyer, Register of Probate iu this county has been arrested for forgery. He was committed to jail. Philadelphia, December 21.—The President of the Centennial Board of Finance publishes a card that no part of the expense of the recent excursion and entertainment fell upon the Cen tennial Board of Finance. Milwaukie, December 21.—1n the United States Circuit Court yesterday, Burbach was convicted of conspiriag to defraud the revenue and sentenced to eight months imprisonment, a flue of 82,000 and one half costs of the trial. Sentence was suspended iu the case of Reynolds, his partner. Salt Lake City, December 21. — Geo. I Reynolds, a polygamist, sentenced by Chief Justice White to two years im prisonment and 8500 fine, has been re leased on 810,000 bail, pending an ap peal to the Supreme Court. —’ Sinking of the Louisiana. Bordeaux, December 21.—The Louis iana sunk in ten minutes after she was struck. The Gironde received one hundred of her passengers and crew. All the persons drowned were passen gers except the Captain. The Hon. Mrs. Norton, whose beauty all men used rave about when George j the Fourth was King, and whose tal ! ents have shown her a worthy descend ed of Sheridan, the dramatist and ora tor, is about to be married to Sir W. Sterling Maxwell. She is sixty-seven j years old, her firct marriage to Hon. George Chappel Norton having taken place in 1821, nearly half a century ago. She was a precocious rhymer, and a vol ume of her juvenile verses was pub | lished in 1820. J AUGUSTA. GA., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 22,1875. FROM NEW YORK. The Kansas State Treasurer Forced to Resign—A Small Failure—Advance of Rates by the Erie Railway. New York, December 21.—A special dispatch says Samuel Lappin, State Treasurer of Kansas, was forced to re sign by order of Gov. Osborn. Lappin is implicated in forgeries, whereby the State loses 830.000, The Republicans elected Lappin at the last election. The failure of the Commercial Loan Company, of Chicago, is reported small. The officers of the Erie Railway de cided, and so notified other trunk lines, that if positive information is not re ceived to-day from the Grand Trunk Railway, that this r<fute will advance its rates from Boston to the same as from New York, and maintain them. It will reduce its through tariff from New York, to take effect to-morrow morn ing, so that the merchants of New York will be able to compete with those of Boston for the Western trade. New York, December 21.—Ruben stein, the alleged murderer of Sarah Alexander, was indicted by the Grand Jury. The Postal Card System. [Detroit Free Press.) Useful aud convenient as the postal card system has proven in many re spects, it has, during the short period it has been in operation, shown itself liable to many and grave abuses.— Scarcely a day passes that there does not come from some quarter or another a report of litigation or prosecution growing out of an improper use of the cards. In Detroit it is claimed by a reputable citizen that the cards have been made articles of slander, scurril ity and indecency. In Brooklyn an eminent but unfortunate clergyman is subjected to daily annoyance and in sults by similar means ; and in all the large cities advantage is taken, more or less frequently, of the publicity which the cards have iu their transit through the mails to persecute and mortify unhappy debtors by exposing their laxity iu the matter of liquidation. 1 The amount of litigation which has al- i ready grown out of the system must be something immense, while the bit- i teruess and ill-feeling to which it has j given rise is simply incalculable. These evils aud abuses are all due to the exposure of the writing on the ! cards; and in view of this fact it be- 1 comes a very pertinent question wheth er all the real advantages of the sys tem cannot be secured without such exposure. It is certainly of no advant age to the Government to be able to read the communications of the peo ple with each other. The law, in fact, expressly prohibits the reading of these postal cards by the Government offi cials and clerks, though it would seem, also, to expect such reading from the provision which it makes forexeluding the cards under certain circumstances from the mails. Aud even if the read ing could be deemed advantageous aud were not prohibited, it would double the expense of carrying on the Post Office Department to provide for doing it systematically and thoroughly. As the matter now stands, the curious clerk or inquisitive carrier is able to catch an occasional glimpse of the writing on a postal card, aud on dull days, perhaps, may find time to read one or two in full. But if they are all to be read, the present force in the de partment must be more than doubled, to which we do not believe the people would consent. But if the opportunity of reading the postals is of no value to the govern ment, to whom is it of value ? Clearly not to the recipient under any circum stances, for he is always at liberty to give to such communications as he re ceives all the publicity he desires. Nor does the sender gaiu anything by ex posing the communication except in those cases where it is in the nature of au advertisement and in these other cases, before referred to, where he de sires to expose the recipient to annoy- \ ance or ridicule; and as the advertiser enjoyed, even before the advent of the postal card system, the same privilege of sending open communications by mail, it requires no special discernment to see that the system, so far as its publicity is concerned, benefits those only who abuse it. We have uot lost sight of the as sumption upon which tho system is in part founded, that tho government derives some benefit from the publicity to which tho cards are exposed in the unwillingness of the many to subject their communications thereto and the increased revenue derived from the consequent use of the sealed letters with their higher rate of postage. But aside from the fact that ffte system is thus made a practical .discrimination between those who are and those who are not able to afford the luxury of privacy in their correspondence, there is no reason why the Government can not reap substantially the same benefit without exposing the writing on the cheap communication. If there were substituted for the card a single sheet to be folded aud signed with the ends unclosed, or some similar device, there would still be large numbers who would prefer the tightly closed enveloys at the high rate of postage, and the evils of the card system would be entirely done away with, except so far as an effort should be made wilfully to per petuate them. That the people, once having enjoyed the convenience of the card system, will readily abandon it or change it we by no moans expect. But if those abuses of the system to which we have referred increase and multiply in the future as they have in the past? it will become abso utely necessary either to modify the ystem or aban don it. The Duke of Edinburgh is gifted with a wonderful memory. When his wife throws hot water over him for playing the flute on Sunday, he never forgets it, and always waits until she goes away before doing it again. If a man is found drunk in Vermont he is committed to jail and kept there until he reveals who supplied the liquor. Several are now lying in jail at Rutland because they refuse to tell. It is thought that they prefer to remain until after the cold snap. “ JeDnie, you’re my sweetheart,” said a nine year old suitor, as he sat alone with his heart’s idol the other evening. “How can I be your sweet heart,” asked the little miss, “when I am thirteen years old, and you only nine?” “Are you thirteen?” “Of course lam.” “Well,” answered the juvenile beau, after reflecting a little, “I’d a been thirteen, too, if I hadn’t been sick ; so much when I was little.” An Erie canal boat captain, who had been reading of Moody and Sankey, determined to live a better life, and, calling his crew around him, he said : “ See here, you lying, skulking, wicked, disgraceful set, you’ve got to ’tend prayers every morning or I’ll lick the whole pile of you in a heap !” A. T. STEWART. THE TRUE STGRY OF A MERCHANT URINCE. How a Poor Boy Rose from Poverty to Opulence—llarly Struggle and Fi nal Triumph--Secrets of his Suc cess Characteristic Anecdotes A Man of Honor Devoted to tie Truth. In the year 18}9, a European vessel anchored in the harbor of New York, after a long and weary voyage from the Old World. She brought many passen gers to the young metropolis, the most of whom came with the intention of seeking their fortune in this land of promise. Among them was a young Irishman, who had left his humble home iu his native county of Antrim, in Ireland, to seek in America the means of bettering bis condition. He was iu his twenty fourth year, having been born in 1795, and was possessed of a good education, backed by sound health, and an indom itable determination to succeed. He was poor, however, and when he lauded in New York ho was without friends. He was of Irish birth and parentage, but descended from a Scottish ances try. He had inherited with his blood the spirit and latent power of that Seotch-lrish race which has been dom inant in the North of Ireland since the days of Cromwell, and which has given to this country, as well as to England, so many men eminent in all the walks of life. His letters of introduction Irom members of the Society of Friends in Ireland, to prominent merchants of that Society in New York, gave him access to the best social circles, and where he was soon distinguished both for his pleasing address as a gentleman and his attainments as a fine classical scholar. It was the flist visit of Alex ander T. Stewart to the city which for more than forty years has been his home, and where lie has risen to wealtli aud prominence as a merchant, and the extent of whose business in that pur suit has probably never been excelled, and rarely, if ever, equalled iu this or any other country. He was born not far from the city of Belfast. Before he was eight years of age au older sister and both parents died, and he was left au orphan, with out any relatives except his maternal grandfather. Thi* good old man, a member of the Methodist Society, and of great piety, took the orpnan boy to his home, aud his heart yearned to ward the youth, his only descendant. It was his earnest wish and hope that the grandson should become a minister of the Gospel; aud with this purpose in view the boy was at once put upon a course of academical studies to pre pare for the University. At au early day, aud while at school, the coming man began to appear. Whether iu tae sports of boyhood or the studies of the school, he resolved to be first. With a frame not robust, bat yet lithe aud ac tive, he was foremost in the race; and with a tenacity of purpose never re laxed, by diligent study, united with good natural abilities, bo reached ana maintained the position of “Dtu’,” os leader of his class, during both his academical aud collegiate life. He took his degree at Trinity College, Dublin. But, alas! before he completed his course of study the pious old grand father had followed the parents to the grave. The young, ambitious student was alone in the world. And he might have repeated the lament in the words of Outalissi: “All perished. I alone:am left on earth, To whom nor relative nor blood remains; No, not a kindred drop that runs in human veins.” s His first effort ai'ter reaching New York was to procure a school. He was successful to a certam extent, and for nearly three years taught a small num ber of pupils at Np. 59 Rose street. School teaching, however, did not suit him, although he managed to save some money from the proceeds of his labor, with which he determined to en ter into business for himself; and in 1822, soon after the terrible epidemic of yellow fever in that year, he establish ed himself as a retail dry goods mer chant, in a frame building on Broad way, just opposite where his present wholesale house stands. His entire cash capital was between twelve and fifteen hundred dollars, and the pros pect before him was not inviting. His store was small, being twenty-two feet wide by twenty deep, and was situated next door to the then famous Bona fauti, who kept the most popular aud best variety store of the day. About this time Mr. Stewart married Miss Cornelia Clinch, an estimable lady of New York, who is still living, and who proved a noble helpmate to him iu his early struggles. The young couple lived iu one small room over the store, and the wife took car’s of the domestic arrangements while the husband at tended to the business below. Without mercantile experience, and possessing no advantage but bis own unaided determination to succeed, Mr. Stewart started boldly on what proved the road to fortune; No j’oung mer chant ever worked harder than he. From fourteen to eighteen hours each day were given to his business. He was his own book-keeper, salesman and potter. He could not afford to employ any help. Ci edit was hard to obtain in those days, and young mer chants were not favorites with those who had such favors to bestow ; and Mr. Stewart was one of the least fa vored, inasmuch as he was almost a total stranger to the business commu nity in which he lived. He kept a small stock of goods on hand, which he purchased for cash, chiefly at the auction sales. He was a regular at tendant at these sales, and his pur chases were invariably “sample lots”— that is, collections of small quantities of various articles thi own together in confusion, and sold iu heaps for what they would bring. He had these pur chases conveyed to his store, and after the business of the day was over he and his wife would take these “sample lots,” and by carefully assorting them bring order out of confusion. Every article was patiently gone over. Gloves were redressed and smoothed out, laces pressed free from the creases which careless bidders had twisted into them, and hose made to look as fresh as if they had never been handled. Each article, being good in itself, was thus restored to its original excellence. The goods were then arranged in their proper places ofi the shelves of the store, and by being offered at a lower price than that charged by retail dealers elsewhere in the city, met with a ready sale. Even ai this low price the profit was great, \ since they had been purchased for a mere trifle. For six years Mr. Stewart continued to con duct his business in thss way,acquiring every day a larger and- more profitable trade. It is said that when fie entered upon his business he knew so little of the de tails of it that he was sometimes sorely embarrassed by occuxrences insignifi- cant in themselves. Upon one occasion he is said to have accosted the late William Beecher (from whom he bought many goods,) as follows: “Mr. Beecher, a lady came into my store to-day and asked me to show her some hose. I did not know what the goods were, and told her I did not keep the article. What did she want?” Mr. Beecher quietly held up a pair of stockings be fore him, and Stewart, bursting into a laugh at his own simplicity, went back to his store a wiser man. While still engaged in his first strug gles in his little store, Mr. Stewart found himself called on to make ar rangements to pay a note which would soon become due. It was for a con siderable sum, aud he had neither the money nor the means oi borrowing it. It was a time when the mercantile community of New York regarded a failure to pay a note as a crime, and when such a failure was sure to bring ruin to anew man. Mr. Stewart knew this, and felt that he must act with greater resolu tion and daring than he had ever be fore exhibited, if he would save himself from dishonor. To meet tlxe crisis he adopted a bold and skilful manoeuvre. He marked down every article in his store far below the wholesale price. This done, he had a number of hand bills printed, announcing that he would sell off his entire stock of goods below cost, within a given time. He scattered these bills broadcast through the city, and it was not long before purchasers j began to flock to his store to secure the , great bargains which his advertise ments offered them. His terms were “cash,” aud he had little difficulty in selling. Purchasers found that they thus secured the best goods in the market at a lower figure than they had ever been offered before in New York, ; and each one was prompt to advise re- ■ latives and friends to avail themselves : of tiie favorable opportunity. Cus tomers were plentiful, the little Broad- j way store was thronged all day, aud long before the expiration of the period he had fixed for the duration of his sales Mr. Stewart found his shelves empty aud his treasury full. He paid his note with a part of the money ho had thus received, and with the rest laid in a fresh stock of goods. He was fortunate in his purchases at this time, for, as the market was extremely dull and ready money scarce, he, by paying cash, bought his goods at very low prices. The energy, industry, patience aud business tact displayed by Mr. Stewart these first years of his commercial life brought him their sure reward, and in 1828, just six years after commencing business, he found his little store too small and humble for the large and fashionable trade which had come to him. Three new stores had just been erected on Broadway, between Cham bers and Warren streets, and he leas ed the smallest of these and moved into it. It was a modest building, only three stories high and thirty feet deep, but it was a great improvement on his original place. He was enabled to fill it with a larger and more attractive stock of goods, and his business was greatly benefited by the change. He j remained in this store for four years, i and in 1832 removed to a two-story building, located on Broadway between ; Murray and Warren streets. Soon ' after occupying it he was compelled by the growth of his business to add twen- : ty feet to the depth of the store, and j to add a third story to the building, j A year or two later a fourth story was j added, and iu 1837 a fifth story, so | rapidly did he prosper. His trade was now with the wealthy and fashionable class of the city, and he had surmounted all his early diffi culties and laid the foundations of that splendid fortune which he has since won. Tfie majority of his customers were ladies, and he now resolved upon an expedient for increasing their num ber. He had noticed that ladies in “shopping” were much given to the habit of gossiping with the clerks, and he adopted the expedient of employing as his salemen the handsomest men he could procure—a practice which has since become common. The plan was successful from the first. Women came to his store in greater numbers than before, and “Stewart’s nice young men,” were the talk of the town. The great crisis of 1837 found Mr. Stewart a prosperous aud rising man, and that terrible financial storm which wrecked so many of the best of the city firms did not so much as leave its mark on him. Indeed, while other men were failing all around him, he was coiuing money. It had always been his habit to watch the market closely, in order to profit by any sudden change in it, and his keen sagacity enabled him to see the approach of the storm long before it burst, and to prepare for it. He at once marked dowu all his goods as low as possible, aud began to “ sell for cost,” originating the system which is now so populai. The prices were very low, and the goods of the best quality. Everybody complained of the hard times, and all were glad to save money by availing themselves of “ Stewart’s bargains.” In this way he carried on a retail cash trade of five thousand dollars per day in the midst of the most terrible crisis the country had ever seen. Other merchants were reduced to every possible expedient, and were compelled to send their goods to auction to be sold for what they would bring, so great was their need for ready money. Stewart attended all these auctions regularly, aud pur chased the goods thus offered. These he sold rapidly, by means of his “ cost system,” realizing an average of forty per cent. It is said that he purchased fifty thousand dollars worth of silks iu this way, aud sold the whole lot iu a few days, making a profit of twenty thousand dollars on the transaction. In this way he not only passed through the “crisis,” but made a fortune in the midst of it. From that time to the present day his course has been “onward and up ward” to fortune. Nearly a quarter of a century ago he purchased the pro perty which is now the site of his wholesale store, and commenced to erect the splendid marble warehouse which he still occupies. His friends were surprised at his temerity. They told him it was too far up town, and on the wrong side of Broadway ; but he quietly informed them that a few years would vindicate his wisdom and see his store the centre of the most flour ishing business neighborhood of New York. His predictions have been more than realized. He moved into his new store in 1848, and continued to expand and enlarge his business every year. Some years ago he purchased the old Ninth street Dutch Church and the lots adjacent to it, comprising the entire block lying between Ninth and Tenth streets, Broadway and Fourth Avenue. When he found the retail trade going up town, and deserting its old haunts below Canal street, he erected a fine iron building at the corner of Broad way and Tenth street, to which he re- moved the retail department of his business, continuing his wholesale trade at bis old store on Chambers street. This new “upper store” has in creased with the business. The build ing covers the entire block upon which it is erected, and is now the largest, most complete, and magnificent estab lishment of its kind in the world. Though he took no active part iu politics, he was too much interested iu public affairs, by reason of his immense wealth, not to watch them closely. He was satisfied, some time before hostili ties began during the rebellion, that war must come, aud quietly set to work and made contracts with all the manu facturers for all their productions for a considerable period of time. Accord ingly, when the war <lid come, it was found that nearly ail tho clothing, blankets, etc., needed for the army had been monopolized by him, because the same goods could not be purchased elsewhere. His profits on these trans actions amounted to many millions of dollars, though it should be remarked that his dealings with the Government were characterized by an unusual de gree of liberality. The gains thus real ized by him more than counterbalanced his losses by the sudden cessation of his Southern trade. Fifty years have now passed away since the poor young school teacher landed in New York, aud to-day he stands at the head of the mercantile in terests of the New World. In the fifty years which have elapsed since then, he has won a fortune which is various ly estimated at from twenty-five to forty millions of dollars. He has won all the wealth fairly—not by trickery, deceit, or even by questionable honesty, but by a series of mercantile transac tions, the minutest of which is open to the most rigid scrutiny, and by a pa tience, energy, tact, industry and ge nius, of which few men are Surely it must be a proud thought to him that he lias done all this himself, by his own unaided efforts, and that amidst all his wonderful success there does not rest one stain upon his good name as a man or a merchant. He is one of the hardest workers in his establishment. He has partners to assist him in carrying on his immense business, but they are merely head clerks iu the various departments, aud divide only the profits with him. He assumes the entile responsibility, and manages tho entire trade of his firm, his partners acting merely as he di rects. He goes to his business between nine and ten o’clock in the morning, stop ping first at his upper store. He makes a brief but thorough inspection of this establishment, ascertaining its wants, aud satisfying himself that all is going on properly, and then repairs to his lower store, where he remains until business hours are over, and returns home between five and Six o’clock in the afternoon. He works hard, aud is never absent from his post, unless de tained by sickness. We may here mention the following incident: A lady, whose acquaintance he had made, said to him on the day preceding the opening of his store: “You must not sell anything on the morrow till I come and make the first purchase; for I will bring luck.” True to her promise, she drove up in her carriage early in the day, and purchased goods to nearly two hundred dollars in value, principally of Irish laces. Long years passed; the lady married and removed with her husband to a European city. Mr. Stewart was in that city on busi ness, and there learned that his first customer was still living, but reduced circumstances. Her husband was dead, but before his death had squandered her fortune. Procuring good apartments, he caused them to be furnished in a style corresponding with her former position in life. Then calling upon her, and renewing his ac quaintance, and after conversing on old times and former friends, asked her to take a drive with him around the city in his carriage, which stood at the door. After looking at some objects of interest, be took her to the new resi dence, saying, “This, if it meets your approbation, is your future home.” He settled an annuity upon her, and during the residue of her life she lived, not only in comfort, but in comparative affluence, supported entirely by his bounty. Truly, if she brought hick to the young merchant, that first morn ing’s purchase was a lucky one for her. But there was another incident con nected with the sales of merchandise on that first day of far more import ance in its results, though apparently trifling in its character. One of the clerks stated to a purchaser that a piece of calico was of a certain quality, that the colors were “fast” aud would not wash out, and if not so, the article would be taken back and the money returned. The remarks were over heard by Mr. Stewart, and he called the clerk to him and spoke with indig nation : “ What do you mean by thus saying what you know to be untrue?” The clerk, perhaps astonished at thus being called to account, replied that tho woman would not return the goods, and if she did she coukl easily be put off by stating that shs must ba mis taken, and the purchase must have been made at some other store. But no ; that was not the point. A lie had been told to induce a purchase, and no goods must be sold in his store or in his name under any misrepresentation whatever. The clerk, could conform to that rule or at once vacate his place. This intervie >v between him aud one or his first clerks was narrated to the writer a few years since, when in a familiar conversation the direct ques tion was asked : “To what do you at tribute your great success as a mer chant ?” “ That I have conducted my business from the first ou the basis of truth. Truth, truth,” he added, with great emphasis, “is the talismanic word ; and if I have any one earthly wish or desire greater than another, it is that in this respect my example may be commended and followed by young men entering into business, and especi ally by young merchants.” There is in his business one price for all. From this fixed price no person employed is permitted to depart; and every purchaser of merchandise, whether of the value of shillings or of tens of thousands of dollars, gets the precise article sold. No deceit or mis representation as to the condition or quality of the goods is tolerated, and henco the unbounded confidence which he has obtained in every State and al most every village iu our country. To carry out sucli a system requires a rigid discipline, and it sometimes oc curs that a young man of an easy con science finds the restraint too severe. The exceptions are rare, and when found out, as they are, sooner or later, never pass without rebuke; and gen erally the offending party is dismissed. There is a military precision required and exacted, and it is thus that the whole vast machinery works, fis it were, by electric touches. New Series —Vol. 28, No. 119 AFTER SEVEN CENTURIES. The Time-Blackened Temple of Jug gernaut Tumbling to Pieces. [lndia Cor. of the London Times.] An event of some importance recent ly occurred in connection with the Tem ple of Juggernaut. Throughout the whole of the Empire there is no shrine so sacred as Pooreo, and no spot where a devout Hindoo would rather die than beneath this great fane. The temple, which cost half a million sterling of the money of our times, is literally black with age. The storms of nearly seven centuries, which are often so violent in the Bay of Bengal, have produced little impression upon it, and until a few weeks ago it seemed as likely to remain as many centuries more. Many of the large temples in the province are now iu ruins, but they have not fallen through the wear and tear of time. A silent but effectual power has been the cause of this destruction. The seeds of the peepul and banyan trees have got into the foundations. These have taken root; the sapling has forced its way through the Assures of the stones, and in process of years tho whole fabric has been loosened and eventually brought down, and it seems probable that the Temple of Jugger naut will share the same fate. At the late car festivals, as soon as the idols had been taken from their thrones for their annual excursion, several large stones from the inner roof fell on the platform. Had they fallen a few min utes earlier the idols would have been shattered to atoms, and in all proba bility there would have been a great loss of life. The resident magistrate applied to the Governor for an en gineer to inspect the damages. This was found to be a very difficult task, as the temple is so dark. There are no apertures for the light; live or six lights are kept burning in the daytime, and even with these uothiug is visible but the idols. It is but very rarely that temples are repaired, and the sound of the chisel and the hammer on the top of this great temple will do more to weak en the faith of the Hindoo iu Jugger naut than anything that has occurred iu the present generation. There will be no lack of money for any estimate, as the priests are very wealthy, and the annual income of the temple is said to amount to £68,000. The question which is agitating all priests is what is to be done with the idols while the re pairs are being made ? The officers of the temple are most anxious to have the idols restored to their thrones. They propose that an inner ceiling of wood shall be made to protect the idols and the worshipers; but there would be so much danger should there be another fall of stones that the Rajah will not consent. The Use of Paint and Powder. [Home Journal.[ No one has the courage to tell the women who paint and make up how visible it is and what a fearful mistake they commit. The most beautiful woman in society loses part of her beauty when she tries to add to it by art, and she who is not beautiful gains even an added ugliness. But no one speaks, and silence is taken to mean ignorance and non-perception of the facts which every one reads as plainly as printed words, and all with one ac cord condemn. The made up, too, see for themselves how great a failure all the other make-ups are; but no one has the wit to turn the knowledge inward and say, “As she is, so am I.” The judicial blindness that always accom panies vanity falls like Egyptian dark ness on every eye, and women sneer and condemn in unmeasured lan guage the very acts of which they themselves are guilty. We ex empt from this censure the manifest make which some women have adopted iu foregone times for reasons that might have been perfectly allowable, and continue after all chance of dis guise is over, and with no attempt even at disguise. They are circumstances continued for convenience, habit, what not, but scarcely in vanity, and in uo wise with the desire or design of decep tion. The old lady’s “top knot” of the last generation, and the modern old lady’s chignon of streaky white or more uncompromising brown, match ing but poorly with the front of snow or grizzled bands—in these there is only conformity with the outlines of fashion, no attempt to assume the con ditions of youth. We may not think such things pretty, but they are not contemptible, nor to be condemned. Lace and ribbon would do the work of hair and padding more according to our ideas of what is becoming; but the padding are so manifestly to All up, not to simulate —to supply a deAciency which some thing must supply, but which it is not intended should be supplied by a trick of make believe—that no one can ob ject to them save in the light of an im perfect taste, is no wise iu that of an untrue assumption. Still, while it is the duty of every woman to make her self beatiful to the last, it is a danger ous method to go to artiAcial aids for this—those aids which affect to be nat ural, and which are not manifestly veils, additions, substitutes. For, as we have said before, those who employ them never know where to stop, nor when, and the chances are that the paint and powder which pass detection in the quite early days, which they so daintily simulated was possible and natural, become by time and use a monstrosity, hideous to the sight and impossible'to the epoch, degrading to the person and offensive iu every sense. A largo number of gentlemen assem bled at the residence of William Meg gat, iu WcthorsAeld, Ct., yesterday afternoon, to attend tho funeral ser vices of his three children, who were all taken away within twenty hours. It was an impressive scene. The ser vices were conducted by Rev. Howard Clapp. The three little ones lay side by side, in rosewood caskets, covered with Aowers. They were borne from the house in one hearse, taken to Ce dar Hill Cemetery, where they were all deposited in the receiving tomb. Nei ther father or mother was able to attend the service. They, with three children and a nephew—six in all—were conAned to their beds by the same ter rible disease (diphtheria) which robbed them of their children.— Hartford Times. There are three hundred million of paper collars made in the United States every year, but let a man And that he has worn his last one, when he is dress ing for a party, and he’ll dance round and swear like a double-barrelled pi rate. ! The dental colleges are wrestling I with the problem of why women’s teeth | give way so much sooner, as a rule i than the men’s. But when you stop to ! realize the immense amount of linguis tic friction they have to go through, it I Is no longer a mystery. To Advertisers and Subscribers. °Lm D AF TS? l £ l9 date (April 21. 1875.) all editions of the Constitutionalist will be sent iree or postage. Advertisements must be paid for when han ded in, unless otherwise stipulated. Announcing or suggesting Candidates fot office, 20 cents per line each insj&ion, M or N plßUlo b rder mitt6d at ° Ur rlßk by E *l> ro3B Correspondence invited from all sources and valuable special news paid for if used. * Rejected Communications will not be ra an< °i n °h e ®taken of anonymous letters, or articles written on both sides. ALL THE WORLD’S A GAME. Some Shrewd Observations by an Old Sport. (St. Louis Globe-Deiuocrat. 1 Ihe “sport” who, conscious of his superior skill in manipulating Che deck beats his victim, shocks the moral sen sibilities of the community, and is de nounced as little better than a robber Certainly, he has a “sure thing,” and takes advantage of it; but wherein is the operation one particle more repre honsible tliau that of tho business “sharp,” who, falliug in with a sucker, and detecting his greenness, drains his purse by the sale to him of inferior or even worthless wares? Ruin may re sult to tho victimized in either case. Society and the law, however, take cognizance of the one while they ut terly ignore tho other. THIS “TRICKS OF TRADE,” as they are mildly denominated, would, in most instances, bear exposure quite as little as the wiles of the voriest sport. A few instances will supply an. illustration : We will suppose A to be a drummor for a wholesale grocery establishment or the highest commercial standing. His transactions are thoroughly en dorsed by his employers. He offers to a customer in the interior the staple of tea, for instance, at really less than cost price. Generous fellow! But— and here is the little game that A is playing—whatever he is “out” on tea is made up three and perhaps fourfold by over charges on the other lines of goods which are not staples, and the market price of which his friend may bo entirely ignorant of. Now, what is the difference, really, between this case of A and that of the gambler who allows his victim to “get away with him,” in the first game of their sitting, in order that he may beat him out of a larger stake in the game that follows* 1 What, really, is A, but a “capper” for a grocery game ? B is iu Aie commission business, and a large operator in “puts” and “calls.” Finding a customer with cash and a disposition to speculate, he induces him to put up a margin on wheat or corn, “buying long” or “selling short,” as the ca,se may be. After ho has got his frieud and perhaps a dozen athers iu, he helps to get up a “corner” on wheat or curu, by which they, or rather their pockets, are thoroughly squeezed. Now, what has B. done but to “rope” his friend against a “brace” in grain? But these are terms that only apply where the gambler is the operator. C. is the originator of a grand joint stock association for the development of mines of precious ore, lociMST re motely or, if near by, well “salted.” By plausible representations he induces his neighbors to invest in the scheme until the last share of stock is taken. Then C. calls “keno” and pockets the “pet.” That is to say, he lets it out that the miues are a failure, or rather a fraud, and the certiAcates of stock held by his friends are worth just as much as a last week’s keno card, and nc mom But in this case, at least, “keno is correct.” Those whom he has duped may “kick,” as the gamblers would put it, but to what avail ? They have not been “roped” into a game which the law recognizes as illicit, but were “induced into an unfortunate speculation,” and no authority inter poses to demand a restitution of their losses. That every trade has its tricks is ad mitted, and why should gambling be deprived of the same privilege ? That the tricks of the gambler are more foul than those we have enumerated, and which are every day being practiced by a class recognized as eminently re spectable the writer is not prepared to admit. If gambling is a human pas sion that must and will be gratiAed, why should it be restricted, or why should the party who bets that wheat will be worth more in February than it is to-day be regarded as a whit more moral than another man who bets that a certain card will come out of the box before another certain card ? The re cent vote on the abolition of the “ Call Board,” on our own Exchange, mani fests, conclusively, a sentiment on tho part of the business men of St. Louis favorable to gambling— at least, to one species of gambling. Why the distinc tion ? A clerk who has riAed his employer’s till, and loses it against faro, is pub lished as one who has been RUINED AT CARDS, and the indignation of the community is directed against the gambler, rather than against the embezzler and thief. But how is it when a banking house or a real estate agency has taken tho hard earnings of others, intrusted to them for safe keeping, and by specula tion “go upon the rocks?” In both cases gambling has been done on the money of others. An Ulster gentleman sought an au dience with us this morning, saying that he was an “advance agent” for tho sale of somebody’s steer pens. We bade him “advance!” The time when a man fully realizes that woman’s sphere should be en larged, is when he Ands that his wash woman has mistaken his stockings for his shirt bosom, and starched them ac cordingly.— Norwich Bulletin. If you were a Washington clerk now you’d get down awful early in the morning, work like fun and endeavor to prove to your superior that the Gov ernment w’ould loose a thousand dol lars a minute by getting rid of you.— Deli oil Free Press. This is the kind of weather when a man sees his wife coming imte v ihe room with a scuttle of coal, and afterahe had poured every bit of it into the tall stove says, “Darn it, Hanner, you ought to ’have asked me to do that. But it’s too late now.” When newspapers steal from the Cin cinnati Times the gentle Perkins re marks with the utmost cheerfulness, “All night. Take ’em and welcome.— Plenty more where they come from.”. And it seems to us that that’s the true Christian disposition. “Mrs. Busbee says you needn’t send the paper to him any more,” said a lit tle urchin who stuck his head into the sanctum, “All right.” “An’ he said to tell you ho wouldn’t a stopped it, only you didn’t say nothin’ about the big hog he killed last week,” continued the youth; and then he slid down the ban ister into the street. A Detroit boy paid his first visit to one of the Union schools the other day as a scholar, and when he came home at night his mother inquired : “Well, Henry, how do you like going to school ?” “Bully !” he replied in an ex cited voice. “I saw four boys licked, one girl got her ear pulled, and a big scholar burned his elbow on the stove, I. don’t want to miss a day,”