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[From the Southern Quarterly Review ] The Character oi the Gentleman. ******* And yet we know that the world abounds in gentlemen. YY e meet them at corners of streets. They fill the cars of railroads, and are as plenty as blackberries at musters and barbecues, hotels and watering places. In Europe they are created by the word of a prince. They hand a king his shirt or hold his towel while he dresses, and are secure of the distinction, if they have the privi lege of standing near the table at which he eats. It would seem from this, that the popular ac ceptations of the term differ widely from that of our author, and it mav not be without amuse ment to inquire what those acceptations are. Having examined the refined standard of Dr. Lieber, we may inquire what tiiose are by which men ordinarily estimate others, and are estimat ed themselves. /The most popular standard of tiie character of the gentleman, seems to be expressed in the old couplet, which, with a large part of tiie world, has lost no part of its authority : ‘■“When Adam delved, and Eve span, Where was then the gentleman?” It would seem from this pithy* question, that delving is altogether at vatiance with the char acter, no matter what may bo the virtues and excellencies of the party. Milton tells us that Adam was tiie “goodliest man of men since born, his sons,” as Eve was “the fairest of Iter daughters”—a mode of commendation, by the way, which has subjected the poet to the charge of committing a bull. Adam was pre-eminent in personal beauty, in mental energy, in manly grace and dignity. Angels were his companions, and he engaged in colloquies divine with seraph ic natures. Hut these advantages, according to the popular estimate, are not decisive. Ex emption from labor, from the spade, the symbol of all labor, makes the great point of distinction. It is the standard measure, the very spear of Ithuriel, by which we may at once detect and expose the counterfeit. Wo must look at a man’s hands, and not at his heart or his head. If his palm be hardened by work, he is exclud ed from the class of gentlemen, whatever his virtues may be. He is secure of admission, on the other hand, if ho enjoys the gentlemanly freedom from labor, though he may rival the courtiers of Louis XV .or Charles 11., in every kind of gentle nanl v excess. He must bo able to live witho -i working, to consume without producing, to enjoy will out acquiring. The marks and |brands of labor, bodily or mental, are a disqualification. The gentleman, then, is one who can afford to do nothing, and who lias nothing to do. As it follows, that to do nothing, and to have nothing to do, renders a man incap able of doing anything, it may be added, as the crowning grace of the character, that the true gentleman is tit for nothing. This is so true that the mere suspicion of a man’s retaining, as an incurable malady, the ca pacity to do something, - o .stitutes an insur mountable obstacle to his at.aining the true gen tlemanly character. It is for this reason, solely, that the architects of their own fortunes, as Lord Bacon terms them, are not pe v rnitted to be free of the corpora."on of gentlemen. They maybe very highly esteemed, and regarded as useful and worthy men, good citizens, estimable friends virtuous, intelligent, accomplished, hut there is still an objection. The having made their for tunes by taeir own labor, mental or physical, proves conclusively that they are tit for some thing. It is in vain that the party shows, by the abandonment of all employment, that lie posses ses the genuine gentlemanly freedom from work; he may s ‘ll work, iffjlie chooses, and therefore he is not altogether and absolutely a brother of the craft. He is a parvenu. It is only after a generation or two, when the delving ability is gone, that the claimant’s character is established When the induration of the hand or intellect, from mental or bodily labor, shall have passed away, the descerdasit’s claims are appreciated and universally ai nitted. In Europe, the oldest and best established right to the position of the gentleman is lost, if the possessor should en gage in trade-in the ungentlemanly occupation of earning his living. A stain on the escutcheon is the consequence, and its delicate polish is not easily regained. Sterne tells tiie story of a French gentleman who had been compelled to betake himself to business, and who, in resum ing his station and sword, drops a tear on the stain that had deformed its blade, and which tho tear, unhappily, was unable to remove. It will be seen, from all this, that tiie use ot the old English verse, as a test ot character, is not confined to the common people, but is tound among the most refined and elevated portions of society. YVe can exhibit very little of the gentlemanly : character, according to this estimate of it, in any portions ot our country. Property is too Hue- ! tuating, and passes too easily from hand to huml to furnish tho successive generations of idlers ; necessary to make the grand distinctive quali fication of the gentleman, easy, gracelul, and natural. YVe are all parvenus, pretenders, or : snobs, to use the current word ot the day. The i few attempts made to attain to the character, are feeble and clumsy, and therefore ridiculous. Thev show the disposition, but not the ability, j If we fail, however, it is our poverty, and not our will, consents, and we are so tar worthy of commendation. Under .happier circumstances, we also may have our class of gentlemen, able to do uothingand fit for nothing, wiio may hes- i tow on our men of genius and learning the bene fit and honor of their patronage and their din ners. From the Georgia Telegraph. Mr. Grown, or the new Itecuit. A FAHCE —IX ONE ACT. YVe do not know that our readers will consider the upostaey of Mr. Edwin If. Brown, worth a notice in the Telegraph. But as the recent let ter of this gentleman tias in various quarters ex cited the question—who the devil is this Mi- Brown ?—we have concluded to embalm him in a paragraph. Mr. Brown, then is a lawyer, living we believe in Sumter county ; though it we happen to locate him incorrectly, our read ers, we feel sure, will excuse Urn error,—for it is hardly possible for 11s to lurnish minute biogia phies of such candidates for otlice, as are never known to tiie public till the papers announce their defeat. YVe gather from this Mr. Brown’s letter, that he at one time pretended to he a Democrat—that he had no great objection to he made a Democratic Judge—that he agreed to abide by the nomination of a Convention—that the Convention was so lost to patriotism as to pass over the name of Mr. Brown—that Mr. Brown, like his illustious namesake, “would not give it up so”—that he entered himself against the field—that lie was soundly beaten—and that he then with praisewonh alacrity went over to tiie whigs whoabout this time are certain to sympath ise with any body who has been defeated. Now we arc not about to insinuate that Mr. Brown, being chargrilled with disappointment, and stung by defeat, has done a very foolish thing, 011 the contrary, when in addition to the above facts, we remember that Sumter is decidedly whig in its politics. Cod forbid that we should be so unjust as to suppose Mr. Brown any thing more than a most disinterested patriot, who has selected a very unlucky time to give wav to his feelings. Brown says that lie has thought there was something wrong about the Demo cratic party for a long time—he lias seen indi cations of wildness about them which would have shocked his grandmother—hut then the amiable man did not fancy the name oi turn coat, and held ou, hoping, no doubt, that the party would finally listen to Brown, and “do the thing that was light.” However, lie Ims been disappointed. The party has at last com mitted one of those terrible agrarian excesses, which Brown has so long anticipated. The Democrats of the south west have—yes, people of Georgia, restrain your indignation, if you can they have actually refused to make a Judge ol Brown ! This was the one drop too much. Ed win Brown rose in his wrath, threw off the shack les of party, and in an excess of patriotic devo tion—ratted to the Whigs ! % Now, had Brown seen fit to desert quietly, we should have had nothing to say, but since he has chosen to stultify himself by a public letter we have concluded to second ltis efforts in this way. No man could have written a letter so thor oughly asinine, except with the desire ot being laughed at; and as we have thus presented the ludicrous spectacle to over three thousand sub scribers, we have no doubt that Mr. Brown will send us a letter of thanks by the very next mail. el]crimes mu) Sentinel COLUMBUS, GEORGIA TUESDAY MORNING, MARCH 22, 1853., TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE. ARRIVAL OK Tll E ST U AMUR AFR IC A . ANOTHER DECLINE IN COTTON. The steamer Africa lias arrived, bringing advices from Liverpool up to the 2Gth uit. The Bales for the week preceding the departure of the steamer, amounted to 34,000 bales of cotton at 1-S penny decline. The Mails. Wc have received no mails from the East since Thurs day evening. If there is any deficiency of interest in this issue, our kind readers yvill attribute it to this cause, and not to a want of diligence on the pari of the Editors- Mrs. Emma G. Host wick. We are gratified to announce that this eminent Ameri can vocalist will shortly visit our city, and favor us with one of her superb concerts. Mrs. Bostwick lias won a deservedly high rank as a singer ; and her late con certs at New Orleans were quite as successful as Ole Hull’s. We hope that the fact that she is a native yvill not detract from her merits. Kase’s Patent Pumps. We have had one of these pumps placed in our yard for the purpose of supplying our steam engine with water, and take great pleasure in bearing testimony to its excellence. Our well is 31 foot deep, and yet we can throw water easily over the adjoining buildings. Our supply of water is obtained with but little labor and in a very short time. The cost of the pump erected by us was 45 dollars. By reference to our advertising columns, our readers Yvill see that Mr, McQueen is still in the city and will at short notice and small expense furnish all who Yvish them with these invaluable labor saving machines. They combine the advantages of a fire engine with the pumps. The Kail Road. We call the attention of the President and Directors j of the Museogeo Rail Road to the communication of our correspondent “More Anon,” in reference to j the times of arrival and departure of the cars from Columbus. It certainly is a very great inconveniance to the | public to be roused from their beds at 4 o’clock in the j morning to take the cars at f>, when they could be al j lowed to sleep till the sun is high in the heavens, and j yet reach Ft. Valley in time to meet the ears from j Oglethorpe. Our interest is confined to the time of ar rival of the cars. The mail duo here at 5 o'clock can not be got from the Post Office until 6 ; and the result j is that yvg are compelled to go to press without oven ! a glance at it, or delay tho issue of our paper until all j the mails are closed. : If these inconveniences can be remedied we are sure | the public spirited President of the Muscogee Road will see I that it is done, even though it may incommode the stage j contractors on tho route; and we hope he will give the j subject immediate attention. O* M e refer our readers to the communication of Mr. 1). J. Barber, which we publish, with pleasure, in another column. He explains his course in the late meeting of the Pierce and King Club. The Small Pox. Our community has so far escaped from this loath some disease ; but we fear that this impunity will pro duce indifference, it is all round us, in Macon, in Ma rion and in Taylor counties, Georgia, and in Russell county, Ala. We are in danger daily of the infection, by the successive stream of travel which pours through our city. Yet wo have heard of the adoption of no effi cient sanitary regulations to protect the community against the contagion. We learn from tho City Physi cian, Dr, Brooks, that he has been ordered by the Council to keep constantly on hand a supply of vaccine matter, and to vaccinate all persons who apply to him; but that the applications are very few and far between. We think more effective measures ought to be adopted; and would suggest that a committee, consisting of all the Medical Faculty in the city, be appointed, with instructions to apportion the city amongst them ; and that they visit every family and vaccinate every resi dent in the city, who will submit to it, at the expense of the corporation. Tiie immediate danger, perhaps, would not justify so energetic a measure, in the minds of very sanguine persons, but if the disease should break out in our com munity and destroy our trade as it has done in Ogle thorpe, every person interested in the community would regret that the precaution suggested had not been adop ted. In ease this proposition is not adopted, we urge all persons to apply at once to their physicians, and have all members of their families vaccinated. The Faculty could do much towards the accomplishment of this de sirable object by urging its importance upon the heads of families in which they practice. More Kaiu—Railroad Collision—Loss of Life. On Thursday night last the windows of Heaven were opened, and a great ilood of rain fell in this section. The llume of the Eagle Factory was washed away and a portion of the wall of the canal lately rebuilt was thrown down by the violence of the waters. But the most melancholy accident occurred on the Railroad which it has been our duty to record since our connection y\ ith the press. The cars left the depot at 5 o’clock yesterday morning, and had hardly gone 10 S miles before the trestle work across a ravine gave way and precipitated them into the depths below and destroy ed the lives of two esteemed citizens, and severely in jured another. The engine passed over the trestle work safely, but the weight of the tender crushed through it and dragged the engine and car after it, causing the collision between them which was so fatal. The engineer Mr. Charles D, Schoonmaker and a fireman named Newton Gillmore were killed instant ly. Mr, Benjamin Gray, another fireman, had his leg and arm broken, and great apprehensions were at one time felt as to his recovery, but his physician assured us yesterday morning that lie was out of all danger. We are informed that Mr. Schoonmaker was a very careful engineer, and that on the morning in question he used the greatest precaution to prevent the possi bility of accidents; and that when the accident did oc cur there was no cause foi fear. The cars had passed over much worse looking places with safety. No blame therefore will be attached to him. It was one of those unforeseen providences which human foresight could not guard against. There were passengers in the cars ; but none of them were dangerously injured. The seats in the passenger car were torn up and the car otherwise damaged. All communication with Savannah is now interrupted, but wc hope it will be opened by our next issue. Liberal Legislation. The Missouri Legislature lias made the following ap propriations ; for the erection of a Deaf and Dumb Asylum, $36,400 ; Lunatic Asylum, $57,000; Blind Asylum, $20,000; to forward products to World’s Fair,>s4,ooo ; to State Agricultural Fairs, $4,000 ; to Geological Survey of the State (about) SIO,OOO. Pierce Xr King Club* We give our readers to-day the reply of the Pierce and King Club and a good many oilier persons to the statement of Messrs. Pitts, Ciierrv and Jones, in reference to the meeting of the Till inst., and our edito rial comments thereon. There are several tilings about this document which arc worthy of note. It is not signed by the President ‘ of the club. Why is Col. John Quin s name omitted Did he too disapprove of the action of the meeting ? I here are 65 names signed to the Reply. Not; 12 of them were present at the meeting referred to. j and are therefore as incompetent to throw light upon j it-< proceedings as yvc arc. A great many questions are answered which nobody j asked. We certainly never enquired into the history j of the Pierce and King club. Tho public were quite ; familiar with that. It did good service in the late can- j vass, and so long as it confined itself to its legitimate j duties it commanded the respect cf the party. But ; when thirteen of its members, chose to pervert it, from j its proper objects, and make it an engine to subserve j private interests, it forfeited the confidence of the com- j inanity. We never objected to Michael N. Clarke as Post j Master. If he was a soldier in 1812 and in 1536, we i honor him for his patriotism. Certainly the Times and j Sentinel office can appreciate his sacrifices. We do not j see, however, that the fact that he has in the language j of the reply, “been enabled to move in what so many ! deem “more genteel circles,” gives him ariv claims to j office in a Republican Government where virtu,*, ca pacity and patriotism are the only passports to distinc- I lion. The only objection we made to the proceedings ol j the meeting was that the party were not informed of j the objects of the meeting , This is the only .question, j The objection is not met bv saying that public no- j tiee was given of the meeting. Only the friends of one j of the candidates were present. I low did that happen ? Have Forsyth. Jones, Torrance, Ragan, no friends in ; Columbus ? Why, 7-Sths of the town have signed the j petitions of one or the other of these gentlemen, and | yvc venture the assertion that if the notice referred to j had been given and the object approved, instead of a meeting of thirteen persons, the Court House could not have held the Democratic host which would have as sembled there. The party would have been represented and not a clique. There seems to be ns energetic a desire on the part of some men to become the aristocracy of the “lower ten” as there is on the part of others to be the aristoc racy of the “upper t< n.” Such men are always mak in in society. This man is a “trace man ;” that one is a ‘‘silk stocking man ;” if a man wears a dirty shirt he is inure respec table in llieir eyes than one yylio wears a clean one; to ride in a carriage is a mortal bin; Arc., fce. Now we have no respect lor either “a hover ten aristocrat,” nor J “an upper ten aristocrat.” They am neither of them 1 Republicans nor Democrats. The French Revolution was prolific of such fellows ; but as soon as they got the power, they assumed the airs and vices of the old arist | ocraey and trampled on the rights and liberties of the j people. We find the names of a good many gentlemen to the Reply who were never members of the Fierce and | King club, and who have too much character to sanction an underhand movement to overreach honorable com petitors. We have found one of them who indignant ly struck his name from the reply. There maybe olhers whose names were obtained in the same way. We think this manner of bolstering up a bad cause even more roprehensnble than the Course of the meeting. A Sul* Rejoinder. In two short articles which appeared in oar j as the true principles of taxation in a republican gov i eminent, and very freely denounced the agrarian doc trine that capital should bear the whole burthen of tax ation. These articles have been made “a text for commentary” by the Corner Stone. We have no I earthly objection to this, but we must insist that the j issue shall not be changed ; and that the position of this paper shall not be even unintentiona’ly misrepre ! Rented, both of which was done in the last article of our j neighbor on this interesting subject. In a statement of the issue, tho Corner Stone says; “The mechanics of New Orleans coin plained of a ; tax of tea dollars imposed upon them indiscriminately | |as mechanics— hey did not complain that they were | | taxed either in person or property as other citizens, but 1 j that they were taxed as mechanics. Our neighbor de- ] I nouneed the whole proceedings in very strong terms.” ! | Now it is true that the Mechanics of Noyv Orleans j j did complain that “they were taxed as mechanics,” but j they did more. They asserted that a man without I capital ought not to be taxed , and that this was a recog- ‘ i nized principle in every free State. This was denied j jas false in theory and false in fact. And, by the way, j ! this is the real and only issue between us and the Cor j tier Stone, Why does that paper dodge it, and give j us instead a deluge of common place about poor men ? Is the Editor of that interesting sheet about to take the ! stump in search of an office next summer ? We notice j the same signs of some unknown gentleman who writes j • for the Enquirer. We hope the poor man will get j | his dues from one or the other of them. | They will excuse us if yvo add that the wants of the ! poor, will sooner be relieved by kindly sympathy and 1 an open hand, than by all the long winded editorials j either of them may write about their misfortunes. ! The Corner Stone is mistaken in saying that yvc j j ‘‘denounced the ichole proceedings in very strong terms.” j I We expressly reserved our judgment as to the amount j j of the tax; and acknowledged our inability to decide j ! that point. Our denunciation was directed at the prin- i i ciples contained in the Resolutions, already alluded to, j I which wc pronounced “agrarian if not Fourieritish.” | Nor did yvc justify the tax —we justified the principle | j upon which yvc supposed it yvus levied—to wit, that j every citizen should be taxed in proportion to his ability ! I to pay. We are surprised that there should be any difference | of opinion between us and the Corner Stone upon this j I subject. An income tax has ever been regarded as one eminently favorable to the poor man; and in long- j and the whole weight of the Government under Peel’s j administration was scarcely great enough to retain this j kind of tax on the statute book, so violent was the op position of the aristocracy. As the Corner Stone gives j assent to both the principles which lie at the foundation ( of this controversy, there is, of course, no necessity for j its continuance. Our only object in alluding to the New j Orleans meeting was to uproot the false principles j which designing demagogues were attempting to sow j in the minds of the mechanics, who, possibly, justly } outraged at the excessive taxation imposed upon them, | were giving attentive ears to the deceitful counsels of \ scoundrel politicians, who are ever watching the ebb and j How of popular excitement in the hope of floating to j honors and offices upon the tide. Ca! • * #n22is u In tell igeace. The murderers of Lt. Col. Craig were hanged in j San Diego, California, on the last day iu January, in the presence of nearly one hundred Indian Chiefs and j head men, by Col. Magrudvr and the soldiers of his ; command, in accordance with the decision of the court j martial. They died bravely, but confessed the enormi- j ty of their crime, and warned their associates not t<* j follow their bad example. The remains of Col. Craig arrived at San Diego on j the Ist Feb. from the Desert, and were buried on the vd by the side of the gallant officers who fell at San Pasqucl. The steamer Daniel Webster brings intelligence from California up to the loth ult. Miss Catherine Hays was giving concerts in Sacra mento city. The celebrated Miska Hauser was giving concerts in San Francisco* The Lemantour claim which has lately turned up. covers several leagues of land within the limits of San Francisco on which improvements arc already made to the value of a million of dollars or more. The claim dates back to IS i3 and rests upon n grant from Michel toreno in consideration of moneys and supplies furnish ed the Governor. It is said to be one of the best claims ever urged before the commissioners. Preliminary steps have been taken to build a plank road from Auburn to Sacramento city. The cost will be $400,000, and Placer county agrees to pay $: 00,000 of the expense. The people of Nevada are discussing the preferability of building a plank road to Marysville or Sacramento— the cost of either road will be near half a million of dollars. The Courtier and Demagogue* In a monarchy, a man who would be a demagogue in a Republic, is a courtier—he dresses like the king, talks like the king, walks like the king, thinks like the king, prays like the king. In a Republic, a man who would be a courtier in a monarchy, is a demagogue—he dresses like the people, talks like the people, thinks like the people, is of the same politics with the people, belongs to the same church and party of the people—that is, a majority of the people. He has no respect, no charity, no sympa- ; thy with the people who are in the minority. The peo- j pleas individuals, he will cheat, curse, and maltreat — j hence, he is never seen by the side of the dying—he j nev r gives alms to the widow and orphan— they have no votes, lt is only the majority of the people who are honest, patriotic and virtuous. God forbid that we should say anything that will cause a leaf to wither in the chaplet that crowns the brow of the friend of the people. We love and reverence such men—Washington was the friend of the people. But he was no demagogue. lie never did anything that j would corrupt the people— he never traded in votes— he never brutalized the unfortunate to rise to |ower on j their ruin—he never excited one class of the people j against another class because they were rich or educated, j or rode in carriages. We fear ho would hardly have been regarded as a man worthy to shake the hands of “trace men”—he rode in a carriage with four horses to the polls and voted, and went home again without ever saying one word to a voter ou one side or the other, lie was familiar with “bugle blasts,” but he sounded them in the battle field, not at the polls. lie thought every free man had as perfect a right as him self, to think as he pleased, t vote as he pleased, to j ride on horseback or iifcamages, or to walk on foot, if j he pleased, and that no other man had any right to ; force him to do otherwise. This is freedom—nothing i else is ; and anv man who pursues a different course, is j at heart a tyrant, and would be the tool of a tyrant if j he could find a master to buy him. A man is no friend of the people because lie frequents grog shops, and bru talises himself and his admirers by swinish indulgence; neither is he the friend of the poor man who talks most against the rich. By their fruit ye shall know them. The friend of the people is that man Yvho does most to make them happy, virtuous and contented. The friend ofthe poor man is lie who does most to relieve their wants in proportion to their means. A good many of the so called “friends of the people” are the most ar rant hypocrites in the world. Like Alexander the cop persmith, they cry out “great is Diana of the Ephesians,” simply because they make shrines for her temple. When they get off from home, they can’t see a poor man ; and are perfectly miserable if they cannot lick the boots of a rich man and eat the crumbs that fall from his table. We heartily despise all such miserable pup pies and feel contaminated by the touch of their hands. Perhaps we might find specimens of this creature in our own community if wc searched it carefully with a can die, They are the worst enemies of the people, though they profess to be their best friends. Misrepresentation Corrected. In our desire to find out the opinions of the coun- ! try upon the merits of Mr. Pierce’s Inaugural and the j | Cabinet, we have turned over to the editorial comments ■ i of most of our exchanges, and among the rest to those I of the Ligrange Reporter. Hero is a sample: I “Mr. Marey was one of Mr. Van Buren's Cabinet, ( | and has long been an aspirant for the Presidency* He | is, ho\v< ver, a man that has a good deal of political j’ knowledge, and knew very well-in 1838 and ’3O howto ! make out his bill against Uncle Sam for re-seating his ’ “trotisaloons,” and other charges. His notions in sla very Agree with those of Martin and John Van Daren.'’ \ It is hardly necessary to say that Mr. Marey never ■ was a member of Mr. Ya:i Buren’s Cabinet; and that ; he lias been conspicuous as an opponent of the Wilmot Proviso. There may be some persons who take no j other paper than the Reporter and rely upon it for ; political information. Would it not be well for these | misrepresentations to be corrected in the next issue? There is an error even as to the “patch.” Now York | footed that bill. Here is another sample “Mr. Guthrie is a wealthy lawyer of Louisville, who i Yvas once a Senator in Congress.” This is a bran new piece of news which has escaped the notice of every body but the Reporter. It. is gene rally known that the office of Senator was tendered to .Mr. Guthrie, and declined on the death of Mr. Clay. ] I ere is another sample : > “Mr. Davis is known to be a rank Disunionist and [ favoring the Filibustering gentry. He went teeth and j toe-nail against the compromise measures of* 1850—so I much so that he resigned his seat on account of them, to run as a disunion candidate in Mississippi, and was j triumphantly defeated by Henry S. Foote to the tune of about 1000 majority.” Now it is well known that John A. Quitman was the candidate of the Southern Rights Party, and that when it was ascertained that the election of Foote was certain upon the issues made by them, that Quitman came down the issues were abandoned, and Jefferson Da vis was run as the candidate of the Democratic Party. Os course the a Editor of the Reporter believes all that he has written above, and misrepresents unin tentionally. If he had been better informed he Yvould have been restrained by respect for the intelli gence of his readers from such gross blunders as to j facts. We desire to throw no imputation upon his ; honesty. Will lie pardon us if yvc* beg him, for the ; credit of the craft, to post himself in his facts, before j he ventures such bravo comments upon subjects so fa- ‘ miliar to the whole reading public? Periodical Literature—llippolytus and his age. W c have not had space lately to notice Periodical j literature. We will atone for this neglect in part in this j The Ddinburg Review.—Of all the British Reviews j yvo think this the best. It is free from the intolerant | bigotry and conservative narrowness of the London j Quarterly ou the one hand, and of the fanatical de- j struotivencss of the Westminister on the other. Tiie j January number contains several articles of general i interest—to wit, Brunsens, Ilippolytns and his age, Saul ! of Tarsus, Hungarian Revolutions, <&c. Wo have time only to notice “llippolytus and his ! ags,” In 1812, M. Yjllemain, at that time Minister of j Public Instruction, sent Mynoides Mynas, at the public j expense, to search among the Monasteries of Greece, I for such inedited classical, or other interesting works i ns lie could obtain. This mission was attended with considerable success. J Among the rest of the manuscripts thus obtained was a Volume, which fur some time was supposed to be a j production of Oregon, the most learned and philosophi- j cal among all the early writers of the Christian church, j It is now ascertained to be an authentic work of much j interest apd importance by a Christian writer of the first quarter of the third century, named llippolytus. This father of the church was Bishop of Pprtus, the then new harbor of the Tiber, opposite to Ostia. There is a statue of him in the Vatican Library, found in the year 1551 in the ancient cemetery near Rome, described, about tiie year 400, by Prndentius as the place of bu rial of llippolytus. lie is represented sitting on the episcopal chair or cathedra, and the Paschal cycle in scribed on the chair is a Western Roman one. That llippolytus wrote such a work as the one just discovered is established by Euseins, Jerome and Pho tius. Tiie proof upon this point is very conclusive, but is too long for our columns. Who then is llippolytus ? lie was a disciple of Ire naeus, who was a disciple of Polycarp, who was a disl ciple of John. The title of the work is “Against al the Heresies and the learned comments of Bunsen, as well us the work itself, will be read with great interest by the Christian public. Ole Hull. It is stated in the True Delta that Ole Bull’s four concerts in New Orleans, netted over ten thousand dollars, and were the most successful ever given in that city except Jenny Linds. Sale of Lots in Savannah. At a late sale of the city lots in Crawford, Troup, Calhoun, Wesley and Forsyth wards, in the city of Sa vannah, prices ranged $725 to $3750. The lowest price paid for a lot in Forsyth ward was SISOO. Thir ty-four lots were sold for $58,525, which were apprais ed at $41,770. We are gratified to observe the con fidence of the public in the future prosperity of our principal sea port which this sale indicates. Appointments ly the President —Washington Rumors. Mr. Peter G. Washington lias received the appoint ment of Assistant Secretary of the Treasury in place ot Mr. Dodge. Mr. Charles 11. Peaslee has been appointed Collec tor at Boston. He is a hard shell hunker and personal friend of Mr. Pierce. He reluctantly, it is said, accep ted the office. Virginia, it is said ,is putting on her claims to two full foreign missions—Chili for Meade and France for Wise. It is concetded hat Mr. Buchanan will go to England, and Dickinson to Russia. General Pierce, it is said, is not at all satisfied with the position taken by the members of Congress who are holding caucuses, farming out the patronage of the whole country, and presenting him with appointments cut and dried, to save him the trouble of exercising his own judgment, and he is not going to submit to it. The N! Y. Herald gives a list of ninety New Yor kers who are seekers of Federal office ; and who are uoyv. or have been, or may soon be, awaiting at the cap ital the moving of the waters. The Soil of the South. The March number of this valuable Agricultural and Horticultural periodical has been for some time on oar table ; but we have had no roOni to notice it here tofore. The failure of the mails gives us a favorable opportunity of bringing this periodical to the notice of our readers. The most striking feature in this work is that it is filled almost entirely with original articles from the pens of Southern Agriculturists and Horticul turist, who are practically engaged in the culture ot the soil of the South. All the contributors seem studiously to avoid the jargon of a learned nomenclature, preferring to enlighten their readers with plain statements j of facts, rather than confound them with a vain show of learning. The Soil of the South has reached the third number of the third volume of its existence and may now be regarded as a fixed fact in the history of Southern Ag riculture. Its power to do good is only circumscribed by the extent of its circulation, and we hope our readers will pardon us if we recommend to every one ot them who works a farm or cultivates a garden and plants a tree or flower to patronise the work; it will prove to you an invaluable companion. The following large and in teresting table of contents will show that our praise is Yvorthily bestoYved : AGRICULTURAL COMMUNICATIONS. Page. Bernese Cattle, 451 How to Stop Gullies, 45*2 Bermuda Grass, 453 Cotton Culture, 4;>l Prize Crushing Mill, 455 Scarlet Fever—Treatment, 455 Premium List of the Meriwether Ag. Society,... 456 AGRICULTURAL EDITORIAL. Work for the Month, 460 Corn Planting, 460 Preparations lor Cotton Planting, 460 Manuring in the Hill or Drill, 461 Potatoes, 461 The Ground Pea, 461 The Annual Address, 461 j Errata in the February No 461 j Enquiries about the Scraper, 462 The Southern Agriculturist, .. 462 j Our New Volume, 462 SOUTHERN CENTRAL AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIATION. j Letter from George F. Pie.ce • 458 Premium Essay on the Treatment of Slaves,.... 158 | The Proposed Agricultural Convention of the Slave-holding States, 450 HORTICULTURAL COMMUNICATIONS. Insects Prejudicial to Fruits, by Iverson L. Harris, 461 Culture of the Pear Tree, by J. D. L., 465 Black Spanish Grape, bv Wm. DeForest Hollv . 467 Plants of .Muscogee and Russell, by H. M. Neisler, 468 HORTICULTURAL EDITORIAL. Garden Work for March, 470 The Fruit Orchard, 470 The Flower Garden, 470 The Nursery, 471 Vegetable Portraits of Character, 471 Gleanings of Horticultural Travel, 471 Mammoth Fruits and Vegetables, 472 Southern Agricultural Association, 472 To Correspondents, 472 Acknowledgments, 473 Erratum, 473 MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES. The Principles ol Manuring Crops, 449 Poultry Raising, 450 Broom Corn,, 451 ! A Small Horse, 451 The Proper Period to Apply Liquid Manure,..*. 462 Cultivation of the Osier Willow, 463 The Acacia Deal hat a—Hardy in France, 473 Introduction of New Plants, 475 The Bourbon Rose, 475 DOMESTIC ECONOMY. I Vinegar from Beets, 475 ! To Preserve Apples, 475 | Butter Making, 476 Frozen Potatoes, 476 i To Cure Hams, 47G Sweet Potato Pone, 476 To Make Nice Je11y...... 476 Light Bread, 477 Soda Biscuit 477 Walnuts a Family Medicine, 477 Potato Rot, 477 How to Preserve Pumpkins, 477 The School Journal. We have received the March number of this excel lent periodical, and like its predecessor, it is filled with good things. Every parent who has children to educate ought to, every teacher Yvho is worthy of the high trust reposed in him will have, if opportunity offers, a i copy, of this Yvork. The following is the table of con \ tents for this number : | Importance of Education,.. page 33 Common School Education, “ 34 } Education of the Heart, “ 35 | Look Up, “ 36 How to Finish a Daughter, “ 36 j Education and Temperance, “ 37 j Means of General Education, “ 37 Primary Instruction, “ 39 County Associations “ 43 Letter from Mr. Scruggs, “ 43 ; Our Exchanges—The Press, “ 44 Teachers’ Associations, “ 45 Influence of a Newspaper, “ 47 ! Our readers will see that many of the subjects dis -1 cussed are of vital importance to the well-being of j community , and we assure them that they are wisely ’ handled by the accomplished Editor, Rev. Thos. F. ! Scott, whose public spirit and genial philanthropy en | title him to the liberal support of a generous public. Published monthly at Columbus, Georgia, and Edited ! by Rev. Tiios. F. Scott, at SIOO per annum. lion. Itobt. .McClelland—“Give the Devil his i Due.” We published a sketch of the life of this Cabinet of ficer from the Herald , in our last issue, in which he was charged with being a Wilmot Proviso man. There is no question, we presume, but that he did vote for the Wilmot Proviso up to the time the compromise mea sures were offered in the Senate, and that since then, lie has given those measures a steady and consistent support. The following is the proof: In 1850 lie presided as president of a Suite Democrat ic Convention, at Jackson, at which the following resolu tion was unanimously adopted; Resolved, That this Convention tender to the people of the United States, an expression of earnest congratula tion on the passage by Congress, and their approval by the I'resident of the United States, of the series of mea sures by which California has been received into the fami ly of States, territorial governmentsj.*stablished for New Mexico, Utah,aud the boundary line of Texas adjusted. That we hail the adoption of these measures, alikejustand equitable to all, by which the country has been restored to harmony, as a triumph of wisdom over sectional strife in our common country. Immediately after the nomination of General Pierce for President, Mr. McClelland was, as before stated, renomi nated lor Governor, and his name placed at the head of a ticket, adopted at the State Convention, which alsoadop ted the following, among other resolutions : Resolved, That in the division of public sentiment among the States of the Union, and the temporary es>* traugement of members ot the same brotherhood, we recognize a national calamity, demanding forbearance and a patriotic and self-sacrificing spirit, which, discharg ing its first duties to the constitution as of first necessity shall seek by proper means to allay excitement, and to’ bring back that unity of sentiment and harmonious action which once characterized the States of the Republic. Resolved , That the recent measures of compromise, embracing a settlement of the distracting questions which have disturbed, and almost interrupted the business of Congress, seriously threatening the integrity of the Union itself, were demanded by a fair consideration of the con stitutional rights of the various members of the confede racy. Resolved , That the Democracy of Michigan pander ing to isms, rejecting all alliances with sectional factions, having in view the irrepealable claims of each State in the Union, and yielding only to the demands of the con* stitution, declare emphatically, that the compromise mea sures stand justified in the eyes of every well-wisher of his country, and should be sustained and executed in all their parts faithfully, fully and impartially. With such resolutions and sustaining such political views, Governor McClelland accepted his nomination, and traversed the greater part ol the Stan*. licm*. r he made his appearance before tiie people, lie was hail and with acclamation. He boldly proclaimed himself a com promise man, and, as such, was elected by the largest ma jority ever given in Michigan. The Fruits oi'Abolition. The effects of emancipation, if it ever is accomplish ed iu this country, are foreshadowed in Jamaica, where, however, they are, as yet, but partially developed. The following facts are full of instruction, and ought to be treasured in the memory of every southern man. “Sugar estates totally abandoned, 128; sugar estates partially abandoned, 71; coffee properties totally abandon ed, 96; coffee properties partially alwndoned, 66; “pens” totally abandoned, 30; “pens” partially abandoned, 22; total number of acres of cultivated land thus abandoned, 391,187 ; assessed annual value on the Ist day of Janua ry, 1848, £98,439 19s. 6d.; assessed annual value on the 28th of March, 1852, £53,221 19s. 61.; average amount of taxes paid annually for lour years prior to the Ist of January, 1848, £13,715 8 Is. 6d.; amount of taxes assessed for 1852, £72ls 11. 7d.” And these thousands of acres of land fertile beyond our conceptions, have been abandoned during the last four years in the face of the most strenuous endeavors on the part of the British Government to favor their cultivation, simply because the freed negro is too lazy to work. And what has become of the sturdy laborers who once occupied them ? They have congregated in masses about the larger cities of the island, and have buried their strength and virtue in the sinks of vice and corruption, ard either starve in their degra dation or drag out a loathed life by stealing, robbery and prostitution. UOM M UMCATIONS. Meeting of the Pierce and King Club. ELECTION OF POST MASTER. To the Editor of the Times and Sentinel : In your paper of Friday, and again on the 12th inst., you have editorial notices which seem to question the propriety of the meeting of the Club held on the 7th inst., and its action. As you ask for further light upon the subject, we give it to you, although we will be al lowed to deem that your position as a public journalist, and as a Democratic Editor, should keep you informed, by your oyvh exertions, of the wuricings of the party. Shortly after the return of Mr. Morton, the delegate to the Baltimore Convention,„a meeting was called iu Columbus, and a Fierce and King Club established for the county. It was at a time when but little harmony existed between tho tYvo wings of the democracy of this section, and the club was formed to accomplish that de sirable object. For a meeting or two it struggled on with but few members, a smaller number even than at tended its dissolution, and formed the Democratic As sociation for Muscogee. But that number consisted, as the meeting the other night was composed, of the “trace men ” of the party, not. of those who on an election day, ride in their carriage to the polls to deposit their voles, but of that energetic number who marshal the j clans, who select the ammunition, and are upon the field with the earliest blast of the bugle, leaving it only when victory is perched upon our banner, or obeying the recall note, which takes them defeated but not dis heartened from the conflict, and prepared to enter upon the strife of to-morrow. Butin a short time its members swelled, until as the election approached and victory was anticipated, but few could be found but who were ambitious of membership, even the timid and the time serving gladly gathering to the fold. The results of the club proved the perfect establish ment of harmony in the party, and a democratic majori ty of sweeping numbers, if you ask why the club met on tho 7th inst., yvc tell you that by its constitution, it was to be dissolved after the inauguration, and it should have been the pride of every member, that this disso lution should be formal. Do you ask why the Demo cratic Association was formed ? We tell you it was to preserve the safety of the party in view of an election for Governor, a member of Congress, .Judge of the Su perior Court, Ac., which a few short moons will herald. The meeting was an open and public one; notice of Yvliieh had been given in your widely extended Tri- Weekly, and Hand Bills announcing it, printed by your “Steam Press ” But it seems the crime has been eommhted of selecting a man who served iu the war of 1812, and again in 1836, as a suitable candidate for a public office, who went to laying brick to support an in teresting family after his return, and who but within a foYv years, have been enabled to move in what so many deem “more genteel circles .” And your jury of three men, but one of whom, however, was recognized as supporting our candidates, say that Mr. R. C. Forsyth, W. E. Jones and Mansfield Torrance were nominated by an individual known to be unfriendly to the claims of these gentlemen ; probably they were, but if so, it was because no friendly voice was lifted in their favor, and they were not present to represent their own inter ests, having forestalled every action, and gone as sup pliants in person to the Capitol, for that office to which we recommend Mr. Clarke. But, Mr. Editor, it is useless to multiply words. We who have formed this Association, have done so with the best intentions, and solely for the benefit of the party. Neither of us are, or shall yvo be, seekers for office either from the County,tate or Federal Govern ment; we will have no share in the “flesh pots.” The banner of the Association will not be furled. We invito all good men and true to its standard ; hut if there are those who oppose our action, while they still desire to act with the party, we say to them, that there is ample field for all our exertions in the contests be fore us. Form your own Associations , if you do not choose to rally to ours ; the county is large enough and there is doubtless material for more than one. John Durken, S Hoffman, Malcolm Persons, John E Ryckely, Jesse Goodwin, F Burrus, Wm Moulton, John Kelly, 11. S. Duffee, Chas G Bize, Edward Finn, B Thomas, E. Holand, J Croshaw, Wm H. Booth, John Bowen, J N Sherden, Fed Wilhelm, John Whiteside, M McCahey, E. C. Bandy, T A Edgar Hugh Dolan, John McCarty, John Ligon, M J Westmoreland, W. Horwitz, Jas McCartio. F. M. Brooks, * John N. Tilly, J T Thompson, Thomas Harrison, J F Miller P Biehler, L Miller, G W Jones, F M Lawrence, Jacob Parker, G Robinett, James Cook, John II Hood, John Sealy, C L Newberry, G S Faison, Thos o Shepherd, Pryor Dozier, I) Wallbhom, II J Williams, Owen McArtle, Hiram Fuller, A Hal lee, H J Devon, J Boulter, A C Morton, J Schwed, T Markham, F Rumrri, J B Hicks, W Casuar, J .T Burrus, G Fisher, W E Sandeford, H M B Harris, M Terobe, R W Coleman, * Alax. J. Robison, came into our office and sMuck his name off of this paper, and stated that M. N. Clarke represented that it was only a petition in his favor for Post Master ; that he never read it and was not informed of its true character; and further more, that he had signed the petitions of all other ap plicants for the Post Office who had applied to him* TENNENT LOMAX. FOR THE TIMES AND SENTINEL. The Muscogee Railroad. On and after the 15th inst., the passenger train will leave Columbus at 5 A. M. and arrive at 5 P. M.” Why are we so imposed upon ? Why not leave at 7 A. M., or at 6 the soonest 1 We would have full time then to get to Fort Valley by 1 1-2 o’clock, P. M.,at Yvliieh hour the train from Oglethorpe is due. Even if the cars left Columbus at 7 A. M. they could reach But ler at 10 o’clock A. M. and Fort Valley by 1 1-2 P. M. with ease. Why then start at 5 A, M.* before break fast. Is it true, as has been suggested, that it is done for the benefit or conveuieneejof the stage contractors, so that they may send the passengers from Butler at 8 1-2 A, M. to Flint River, and bring back the Macon passengers in the same stage to Bailer ? The South-Western ears leave Macon at 6 1-2 A. M. and can get to the river, 36 miles, by 9 o’clock, A. M. If stages were there to bring passengers from tho river as soon as they arrive, they could reach this place by 2 o’clock P. M. instead of 5 P. M. Mo:t k Anon. TOR THE TIMES &. SENTINEL. Washington, D. C., March 10th, 1853. Dear Sir.: —Being detained here yesterday waiting for a friend, I went to hear Young America on the Clay ton and BuUver treaty. He was pretty hard on Clay ton. Clayton had spoken on Tuesday and Wednesday in his defence. Not hearing him, I could not so fully understand Douglas, but one thing I understood very well—that he was in favor of the Monroe doctrine, as understood by those who ale determined to keep all we have and get all we can, and utterly opposed to anv colonization on this continent by any European power, and last of all, by England. Mr. D. is a clever debater, but I do not think him a very great man, nor do I be lieve in the Monroe doctrine as construed by him, I would fight Sea Rugs’ battle sooner than see the British acquire Cuba or Yucatan, but if the Governments of South America or the Esquimau j choose to per mit Europeans to colonize their territory, it is no busi ness of ours. I do not believe I have a right to say to a man owning lands near me, that he shall sell to no one but me, for fear some other purchaser’s hogs or cattle might some day get in my field. I think it is going sufficiently far to say, no European power shall acquire Cuba or Yucatan, or that portion of Central \ tnerica that we have to pass through to get to Cali fornia, There is no State in the Union whose laws would pievent a mail from buying a tract of land lying between two tracts owned by someone else. Wo are, however, a great people to provide for contingencies. Although there is not the remotest probability of our wanting to send troops or arms and munitions across front the Mississippi to California for the next 50 years, it is urged that we shall build a Rail road across to California for that purpose. The advocates of the mea sure say that the government is bound to protect its people, and it can only be done by Rail roads. It is truly fortunate for the dear people, that Kail roads were invented, otherwise they would have been without pro tection, except by them and calorie tiets ; very few are found bold enough to ask for money , for these utopian schemes, hut they ask for, (and generally obtain,) as : much land as will raise the money. They will not j give away money, hut give its equivalent. This is drawing a distinction between twcedle dee and tweedle dum—the sound is a little different. To hear some of these new light expounders of the constitution, yon would think they had been educated in a college of Jesuits, where they were taught that the end sanctifies the means. Some of them are very ingenious ; others again re mind me of the old Dutchman who was opening his barn very early one morning, and being asked by some one passing by, if he was letting in the light, said, “No, I ish letting the tarkness out.” There are occasionally southern w higs enough acting j with the body ol the democrats to stop some of these cra zy schemes, but not often. The body of the whigs and tiie north-western democrats are loose constructionists. When land or appropriation hills are up, they are most ly general welfare politicians. The limitations of the constitution are never in the way of this class, Y\ lien they cannot lend the constitution they break it. Tlte great and fundamental principle of government shou’d be “protect all , help none.” The correct interpretation of the constitution is easily arrived at, by reading the history of the country under tho old articles of confederation and the journals of tiie convention that formed the constitution. We find there what were tiie defects of the confederation auc the remedies proposed. It was simply to give the Federa Government more power to manage our external re lations. What would Franklin have thought of a man who in tile convention s.'ould have proposed to give Congress power to appropriate millions for the support of Lunatic Asylums, as if every State could not lake care cf her own luunatics; yet 1 have seen a proposition to give ten millions of acres of the public domain for this purpose. As we increase in wealth and numbers, we decrease in honesty, and republican simplicity, and the constitution is scarcely worth the parchment on which it is written. There is still a crowd oi patriotic people here, oflering their servi :es to the President to enable him to carry ou tiie government. If lie finds any difficulty iu pro curing persons to accept, office f believe I would accept a foreign mission, provided it was not to England. At any other court I should have to have an interpreter, and I would take special care to have one that was capable of playing minister himself, whilst I stood by and looked wise. I have been a fortnight, and we have no two days alike j no boarding school girl #r watering place belie was ever so fickle as the climate here. I leave fin tiie bunny South to-night; our Senators expect to leave also. Health and happiness attend you ‘ is the prayer of Tustenuggee, FOR THE TIMES ifc SENTINEL. Columbus Geo., March 14th, 1853. Messrs. Editors:— A communication in your paper of Saturday evening signed by Messrs. Pitts, Cher ry and Jones, does me great injustice. lam the ‘-in dividual” who announced the names of Messrs. R. C. hoRSYTit, \\ . E. Jones and M- Torrence as applicants for the 1 ost Office, I did so because no person appeared to take any interest in their behalf; and the meeting had determined to go into an election. I voted for Mr. Jones, preforing him to any of the ushers in nomination. 1 have no unkind or unfriendly feelings toward the other gentlemen aud have been heretofore upon terms of intimacy with them. True, j l had no authority to announce their Harness but, (and lso stated to the meeting) I thought it an act justice j to them, to do so. 1 have thought proper to say this much, that your rea ders at home and abroad may see and understand my true position ; and hope they will not censure mo for doing in act ot justice to absent brother democrats, by whoso side I fought in the late canvass, under the banner of Pierce and King. Respeetfuelly yours &c. D. J. BARBER. The New Vork Aldermen. Alderman Sturtevant has been imprisoned in the city l-iisou for 15 days and lined $250 and costs $lO2. All ‘he other Aldermen were fined $250 aud oosts 101 51 ! except Dougherty, who voted against the resolution, and Smith, who confessed his error and apologized to the Court. These cases originated in a contempt of an or der of Court in relation to the Broadway railway. The Savannah Republican. Mr. Cornish lias become connected with this old and high !y respectable paper as Assistant Editor. Mr. C. has been employed for several years in tbo Commercial Depart ment of the New Vork Express, and has been for some time employed as a commercial correspondent of the Republican. n w Orleans, March 11, ] Accounts re c -dved from Fon Arbuckle, situated on the head wa ters of Red River state thatan attack had been tnadc on that fort by the Camunche Indians. Paine, the spiritual bankerat Chicago, has been liberated, and bis bank, it is stated, is redeeming its notes. Santa Anna at Vep.a Cruz—The brig Roller son, Capt Crewell, which arrived at Mobile on Tues day. 7t h in seven days from Vera Cruz, reports that in leaving that harbor, she met an English steamer going in, with Santa Anna on board, and living his colors at her foremast. New Post Offices—Tito following new Post Offices have been established in Georgia t-Ches nut Gap, Gilmer Cos„ Reace J. McClure, P. M. : Montezuma, Macon Cos., Ellis W. Jenkins, P. M,: 1 icrceville. Gilmer Cos., Jeptba Patterson, P, M. ; Farmhouse, Cherokee Cos„ Ishatn Teasley, P, M. ; Box Spring, Talbot Cos., B. J. King, P. M, ; Proc tor’s Store, Monroe Cos., 1). F. Ponder, P. M. Massachusetts Constitutional Convention. Springfield, March 9,1853. The Republican has returns from 312 towns, of the Convention election. They foot up as follows: Whigs 159 Opposition 249 Independent 6 No choice 19 There are now only nine towns to be heard from.