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(times xml) Snttincl. COLUMBUS, GEORGIA. TUESDAY MORNING, JULY 26, 1853. I'OR GOVERNOR : lIERSCHEIi V. JOHNSON, J Or BALDWIN. FOR CONGRESS: Ist. DISTRICT JAMES L. SEWARD. lid. DISTRICT A. H. COLQUITT. Hid. DISTRICT DAVID J. HAILEY. IVth. DISTRICT W. H. W. DENT. Vtfa. DISTRICT E. IV. CHASTAIN. Democratic Convention. There will be a meeting of the Democratic Tarty at the Court House on Wednesday next, July 27th, at 12 unlock, M., for the purpose of selecting delegates to a county convention to be held in this city on the first Tuesday in August next, for the purpose of nominating Democratic candidates for the Legislature. A full meeting is expected. Democratic Convention in Muscogee. The Democracy of Muscogee aro to hold a oonven- i tion in Columbus on the first Tuesday in August. Iu the Halloca district, a meeting was held on the Ist ■ Saturday in July, and Messrs. Robert C. Patterson, i Henry H. Eelbeck aud Josuua McCook were appointed delegates. Wo have not heard of any action in any other district. No time ought to be lost in appoint ing delegates ; the success of our candidates for Gover nor and representative in Congress depends upon the selection of our county candidates. We want good, strong and popular men on our county ticket. There will be no difficulty in carrying the State if every true Democrat will put his shoulder to the wheel. Pierce's Administration is triumphant in every part of the Union ; his popularity is a tower of strength to the party, and if prudent selections are made for minor offices we can carry the State of Georgia triumphantly for the De mocracy. Democratic Meeting iu Stewart. The friends of Mr. Pierce’s Administration aud the Democratic Party generally of Stewart County, arc re quested to meet in Lumpkin on the first Tuesday in August next. J • • To the Teachers ol Georgia. On Wednesday, the 10th August, the Teachers’con vention of Georgia will assemble at Griffin. We in vite the attention of Teachers to the “Call,” which will be found in another column. The Appointment ot Ei Hi busters to Office. The blindness of the South to her true aud highest interests is a subject of profound astonishment as well as of deep regret aud apprehension. An agricultural community, she has had among her population a large party which for years contended for high protective duties on imports, by which she taxed her own Indus ! try to build up the North. In a minority in the Un ion, a majority of her people deny the right of State : interposition to arrest Federal aggression upon the rights of the States and thereby confer an omnipotent j power of coercion upon the Northern majority and force j her own sons to aid in the degradation of the South at the risk of being hung for traitors. But the most la- i mentable instance of blindness on the part of her peo- j pie to the true interests of the South is afforded by the , history of the Slavery agitation. We have in the South : four million of Africans, who are rendered useful mem- • hers of society only by the institution of slavery. This j institution can only be preserved where lands are cheap j and the returns of labor aro very great, it has given . way in every State in the Union where the population ; i dense and competition is consequently great in all the branches of manual labor. Iu the States in which it now exists, it is strongest where population is spar- ! seat, and weakest where population is densest. In • Virginia, Maryland, Kentucky and Missouri, a propo- { sition to emancipate the blacks would command a large • vote, while in the moro Southern States, the man who should breathe such a thought would bo lynched as an incendiary. It is moreover a well settled fact, that the institution has been preserved in the border states only j by the acquisition of new territory ; and that so soon a the demand for their surplus slave labor shall cease in j the South west, the institution will cease to exist iu Virginia, Maryland and Kentucky. It is therefore ap- ; parent that the extension of slave holding territory is an absolute necessity to the continuance of slaveiv. As soon as the institution is circumscribed, it must iu a few years die. This will result from increase c-f population alone, without reference to the thousand oth er causes which will undermine it under such circum stances. It is therefuro the imperative duty of every Southern patriot to watch with an anxious eye every opportunity to increase tho area cm which the inetitu- j tion can be planted. That this is true, the Abolitionists of the North and i the far seeing statesmen of Europe a fiord the stron- I gest proof, by the untiring zeal with which they strive ; tocircnmscribo slavery within its present limits. In the United States their efforts have beou directed to tho enfortement of the Wihnot Proviso, by which slavery was sought to be excluded from the New Territories and a cordon of free States established round the insti tution, so that its extension would bo forever prevented, and its final destruction rendered certain. In Europe, { the enemies of our count! y have watched with a jealous eye every advance of our eagles, and threatened us with the horrors of war if we dare to hug to our bosoms tho Queen of the Antilles; such threats we can afford to I despise. But there is a policy more insidious and fatal which threatens us. England lias abolished slavery in the West Indies ; St. Domingo is secured to tho ne gro King, Solouquc ; and no pains will be spared to raise up a powerful negro Kingdom in the Island of Cuba. Tbo object of this policy is to excite insurrec tion among our slave population by establishing ne gro Kiugdoms upon our borders, and to prevent the ; extension of slave territory. This policy is seen by Mr. Pikucc. Mr. Dams and Mr. Soule, and, like far seeing statesmen and true pat- | riots, they are bending the whole energies of their great * ininds, and the whole power of this Government, to pre vent it, by the acquisition of Cuba aud other territory j adjacent to our Southern border, before England and 1 the Abolitionists shall have converted them into Pandc- Wipniutns by the liberation of the blacks. And because ’ they are engaged in this good work they are denounc ed as Filibusters ; and the whole vocabulary of abuse is exhausted to blacken the character of tho incompara- j hi© Soule. He is represented as a Red Republican i Frenchman, who respects neither God nor man, and Spain is advised to reject him as the Minister of the United States to her imbecile and corrupt court. This denunciation is not confined to the North—its loudest roar peels from the extreme .South. We verily believe, that Dix and Van Ki rks are greater favorites with the Conservative party of Geor gia than are Soule, Quitman and Davis—meu whose only sin is a capacity to perceive the true interests of the South, and tho nerve to insist upon them at aoy per sonal hazard. And this is the great sin of the Whig party. It depreciates our greatest and truest meu ; it eulogises our most iusidious enemies. During the , long and eventful career of Mr. Calhoun, it pursued j him with the ferocity of the blood hound; undervalued j his talents, impugned his motives, opposed bis policy, j and brought his grey hairs with sorrow to the grave: | and no sooner had the green grass waved over his head, i than they discovered that his work ou Government, i iu which is embodied ail his peculiar political doctrines I was the greatest production of tbo human mind, from \ Aristotle to Locke—(see Mr. Stephens’ speech at j Oxford last year)—while on the other hand, such men as W ebstkr and Fillmore, who aro little better than Abolitionists, are held up as spotless patriots and the only true expounders of the Constitution. Will the South never learn wisdom ? will she always distrust her true friends, and offer fulsome adulation to her bit . terest enemies? will she doubt the soundness of Pierce, because he gives office to her truest eons; aud trust Fillmore, because Webster aud Corwin were in his cabinet, and -Joeerfi R. I.ngurboll was bis Minister to England ? U” The Hon. Lott Warren has taken charge of the fditorial department of the Albany Georgia Courier, Georgia Politics aad Politicians. There is a facility of change peculiar to Georgia poli ticians. Brown went into a Dcnrocrntic convention as a professed Democrat and submitted his claims for the nomination for the high and responsible office of Judge ; was defeated by Lyon, and straight way discovers that the Democracy aro a set of destructives, and that his old enemies, the Whigs, cherish conservative principles j which alone can save the Union of the States and the lib- ; erties of the people. Murphy, a mail who had been hon ored by the people of Georgia with a seat in Congress, = submits his claims to a Democratic convention, after ; llersciif.l V. Johnson was nominated for Governor i and the platform of the party was erected, is defeated hy Dent, and he follows the lead of his illustrious predo cessor, Brown, and huzzahs for Jenkins and the Con servative party, and comes out as their candidate for Congress. And just the other day Gen. A. K. Pat ton, a fire-eating Democrat from South Carolina and a stump orator for Pierce, in consequence of a similar ds- i feat by Chastain, renounces his allegiance to the Demo- j cratic party and pots himself up as a candidate for Con gresa under the Jenkins banner. Now all these men must have either been W bigs or Democrats at the time they went before the conven tions as candidates for responsible office at their hands. ! If they were Whigs they were guilty of the grossest j hypocrisy iu attempting to secure nominations as Demo j crate, if they wero Democrats, then they arc Demo j crata now, for there is nothing in a defeat before a nom -1 inating convention, which changes the principles of j | parties, and they are now guilty of the mast shameless | j deception in tryiug to get the votes of the opposition by | ! pretending to have embraced their political creed, i We are absolutely amazed at their effrontery. They j | seem to think politics is a mere game at which every j act is lawful which ensures victory. It cannot be possi ble that the freemen of Georgia will give their votes to j these political hucksters. Yet the fault is evidently j with the people. These politicians arc certainly con vinced that the people will not eondetuu their tergiver- J eations, or they would not perpetrate them in the face j of high heaven, and then go before their fellow citizens j and eolicit their votes. The people, therefore, owe it to • their own dignity to place the mark of their eondemna- ! tion upon their foreheads for this wicked attempt to j trifle with their intelligence and insult their moral sense, j | There is a public virtue not lew dear to a true man than 1 : private character; and a public faith not less sacred ; ; than private confidence. How, indeed, can our Gov- j ’ eminent be conducted if public men are allowed to put . | on end take off their political principles like charlatans j | do their disguises? When a man presents himself before i j the people as a Democrat he is bound in honor to be- . | lieve the creed of the Democratic party ; and so bo- < j lioving it is impossible for hirn to change his principles ] j and associations merely because he is defeated for a ; | nomination. The idea is preposterous. If politicians j ! are allowed to change their principles ut will, the pro- 1 fefision of statesmanship will become a farce and no j j honest man can take part in it—aud the government j ! will devolve on knaves and rascals—and the dearest j | rights of freemen be bartered for place or tjolti. If this language its harsh it is justified the ocea i sion. Endowed by nature with kimlly affections, we | J much prefer eulogy to condemnation. But where poli* j i ticians ruthlessly shock our sensibilities by their greed I ; for station we must either keep silence or scathe them | with denunciation. Evidently the times are out of j | joint. Money, siatiou, revenge— these are the mov- j ing motives of our politicians. How different from j i the preceding age, when self was lost in love of country, 1 ; a good name and a useful life were preferred to popular , ■ applause, and men sought after wisdom more than hidden j treasure! Will this golden age never return ? We ■ fear not. In seeking for candidates for office men do ! not euqutre for attainments, virtues and public services. | | Is he popular, has he got money, will ho spend it free- ; ! ly ! If he has, he is chosen, though he may boa dolt and ; a vagaboud. So long ns the higher moral qualities • constitute a disqualification for office, so long will parties •bo cursed with incompetent and unfaithful men. Let it J never be forgotten that the election of afoul ora knave j ; is a defeat, no matter how great his majority. True, I i your destructive party principles may be carried out by j such creatures, but the great principles w hich lie at tho j • foundation of all good government and refined society j : arc trampled in the dust. You achieve a political vie- ’ j tory at the price of a moral defeat. If we can’t hare i both victorious, wo prefer to be conquered. The Canvass m the Second District, j The convention which met at Americus unanimous ly nominated Hon. James Johnson, of this city, as tbo ; candidate of the Conservative party for Congress in this 1 district. Mr. Johnson, we believe, commenced life as a : 1 NuHifier; came with Mr. Calhoun into our party ; was for a long time an ardent Democrat, and once or twice whs run hy the party, unsuccessfully, for high office. In the late divisions upon the compromise, lie attached himself to the Union party, and was triumphantly elected to Congress upon those issues, lie found the pay bet- , ter in his new associations than with tho Democra cy, and has continued to act with the Union organi zation, now composed almost entirely < f old Whigs 1 and Federalists. It is true that Mr. Johnson has steadi- I ly adhered to Democratic principles, and advocated \ Democratic measures, during his sboit and uneventful ‘ Congressional career, except upon the issues involved I in the compromise; and is, therefore, bound as aeon- : sistent man to give bis support to Fierce’s Admin- \ istration, and reject a nomination tendered to hirn hy ! Lis aud our ol 1 enemies ; but we have no hope that ‘ he will pursue such a course. In the Lite Prcsi- ! deuti:*.l election, ho threw the whole weight < f his in- j flueuce agi.inst the Democratic candidates, and indif- i | ferently advocated boil: Scott and Wf.bsts-r, in I preference to Pierce and King*. Ile prefers personal victory and office with Whigs and Federalists, ton prr- { vate station alongside of the men who advocate, have ; ! advocated and Bucceesful’y maintained the great and i conservative principles of Democracy which aro now ! being carried out in all tho departments of the Gov- j ; eminent by the purest and most Republican Prcsi- I dent that has ever filled the executive chair since the ; palmy days of Jefferson. I*. is idle, nay, I for Mr. Johnson to profess Democratic principle — he is • the tool of tbo Whig party, and allows himself to bo • used lv the Wb’gs to r.i-e up an opposite at party t j • tho Democracy, which, when triumphant, will again j revive the odious measures which have made the very | j name of Whig a bye-word and a hissing at the South, j ■ W e know it is pretended that the Whigs of Georgia have i ; abandoned the Whig party and repudiated Whig princi | pies. This pretension was made in 1810, but no sooner ! i was Harrison installed iu the high office of President, j than the Bank of the United States and all the other fea | lures of the American system of Mr. Clay, were j urged with a perseverance which would have command- ; j e d success if they had not been mot and defeated by ; | rite iron Republicanism of .John Tyler. Nor can it ! : be disguised that Mr. Fillmore newr abandoned a • • solitary Whig principle; and yet he and his Adminis tration received the enthusiastic support of the>e very men who nominated Mr. Johnson, and with w hom he is co operating in an insane war upon Mr. Pif.ru; te Ad- i ministration and the Democracy. The fact te, the j Whig party is an opposition party at present; it seeks f only success, while in this position ; and will use nnv j man or faction which will aid in overturning the j . Administration. j Such is Mr. Johnson’s position and associations; j aud tho man who votes for him will aid in build- I ing up the Whig party and overthrowing the Do- < l utoeracy. Another Canifidale. j i John R. Stanford or Sanford, we do not know* j | whi h, as his name is spelt both ways in the Chronicle ? j Sentinel, is a candidate for Congress in the 6iU } 1 Congressional District in opposition to Hillyer and I j WoifORD. Who is he, do you ask ? Let him answer, [ : He says: i In the first place, lam a Democrat of the good old Johm ; ; Clark school of 18*5, and supported that party until ltO*L j I when l assisted, as far as my humble abilities and limited ft | mflueuce enabled me, in forming the Union Democratic 1 party, and ia opposing the then Nullification party, and i | continued to act with the Union Denx>crats until after they f made the unexpected acquisition ofColquitt, Cooper, Black f and others of like genus, and until they termitted these- ] newly acquired members to so far control the party as to | nominate, in Democratic Convention, John C. Calhoun for I President, and Mark A. Cooper lor Governor. Two off ? the most uncompromising of all the Nullifies. These r : nicn I could not support, and from that time had no place ■ in the then so called Democratic ranks, until the incu- I bus ot Nullification was thrown frewn the shoulders of the j true Democrats by the formation of the Union party of I 1850 and 1851, at which time, under its banner, cleansed of i all impurities, I again did battle with Nullification and Se “ oeaeion. i O* Cholera is prevailing in Cuba, and on one plan- I tation 380 slaves have died, * The South—lts needs and claims. It has always been a characteristic of the South to al low it* mind's products to languish. It was a long time before we could be aronsed to a proper appreciation of the needs of a judicious and liberal system of education such an one as would afford the great body of the peo ple means for acquiring even the elements of learn mg. • j It was not until after !*>ug years of sacrifices that we j | could be aroused to any effort beyond the tilling of the ; ho*l, and an indolent enjoyment of its products, pur- ! ■ chased at tho expense of local power and progress in all j | the departments of science, literature and commerce. J 1 We wero content to doze away our lives, and bury our \ talent, compensated for by a vain ambition in nursing a j pet chivalry, and fostering apolitical pride, which was esteemed the only field of effort worth cultivating, and | the only distinction worth achieving. But we mis tool; the times. We miscalculated—if, indeed, we calculated at all—as to the destiny and duty of the South. While ! in the Northern and Eastern States a dense people ‘ j were delving in every mine that could remunerate es- j j fort—while the click of the loom, the dash of the* water ! wheel, the fires of the furnace and the scrape of the j spade were pioneering the way to the attainment of means for cultivating the arts and sciences, and build ing up that wherewith to foster learning and literature, and acquire the elegancies aud luxuries of life—tho South listlessly slumbered upon her broad acres. We ; loved to dream. Blight night-visions of past glories j wrapped us in golden slumbers. They were for a time : undisturbed. Oar fields blossomed, and fruited, and i golden apples strewed the ground as those of the Iles | perides. But the Hercules of progress and enterprise | has entered the confines, and we must now watch with j eager care, for no Radon guards the sacred bounds. It jis better that wc should be aroused. A wot Id is before j and around us—a mighty, working, restless, encroaching | world. We wero lato in waking—and nothing abort of ; a terrible convulsion could shake our slumbering enor ; gieu. Almost shorn of our strength, we were well ! nigh rite fate of the mighty son of Manoah. That con j vuleion which first opened the eyes of the South and ! made them to see, was the era of Nuli.jiication. j A threatening convulsion was that—like unto the hcav j ing of mighty waters when an earthquake stretches its i terrible limbs. From that agitation dates the first step |of our real onward march. We had hitherto neglected every tiling. We had no commerce under our own ! immediate control. No manufactures —no internal im j provements—no enterprise to beget any ; our youth ; were educated at a distance fiom home, or not atari ; j we had in all these matters been stationary, and even ‘iu the political scales we had lost our weight. A rcst r less, enterprising, progressive people had almost hem i rued us in, and began to dictate terms. A little later, ! and growing 6trong through our weakness, they began ito wage war upon our domestic institutions. The war j still wages. Our very safety called aloud for action — ! ceaseless, bold, decisive action. We must buildup i for ourselves—we must educate our youth at home*—we ! most encourage lqental labor—foster the mechanic art3 | —rip open the bowels of our earth, and gather the rich | ores that have so long been as rotten mould. Brave hearts • are at work—strong bands have taken lurid—great minds are developing their powers, and call upon the j thousands to aid in the glorious progress. How have ! the thousands responded ? how do they even now re spond ? We are beginning—yes, we have even begun, j But the work has only begun. We have many and j j mighty things yet t do. We m-cd a liberal system of I j Common Schad Education .w* ne< and Colleges and ! Universities—not mere high schools dependent upon j , the whims ol {talmaage—but institutions of learning bo | ; endowed as to be independent of individual patronage ; we need schools of the applied arts —Laboratories for I science—public Libraries to afford reading for the mil j lion. We want patronage for tho higher walks of lit- I ! erauire—support for our Reviews and Periodicals <> as . to meet our opponents upon equal ground— to hurl j ‘ back answers as effectively as they press charges upon us j : —to open channels through which we may reach : • where our opponents go. Our means have been iu- j ! adequate for onr defences. Tho powerful Reviews of j Gn at Britain, and—for the purpose—tho equally so of i the Northern States, have lashed us all the world ; —wc have had hardly a publication that has been read j beyond our limits. In the name of God ! gird on your i ! armor, and send your tribute to the leaders of your ; j country’s salvation, and bid them strike till the hist en- j venomed tongue shall cease its hellish hiding, and the j J last villainous maligner shall hang his head in very ! ’ shame. Free Soil Appointments. We commend the following paragraph from the ! : Washington Union—the official organ of the adininie- j tration— to tho attention of Mr. Toombs, and advise ; him to revise that part of his present campaign speech ; which denounces the President for appointing Free I .Sutlers to onice. Here wc have (he public announce- - meat that tho President “stand# pledged tit correct any such appointment into v:hich he tuny have inad- ; . rei lenity fallen, inhen the fact of present jree soil ism | is fixed on liny of hi# appointees. ” .From the. Washington Union.) A SLANDER BRANDED. The Boston Atlas put? forth the following : ! ‘‘The Wa-hngt.*n l.'rfion, <h n. Pierce’s organ, re.ul.-'th - : New York Evening Poet and the Buffalo Republic out of j ! thedem ratic party bocanoe they are suspected of^'free- \ | sniiism. Gen. Pi-Tee appoints monjo office lieeanse they j i rue known to he free eoi!?r?. The General should keep \ his \\ ind instrument in better tune, or discord will ensue.'’ \ 1 It is unqualifiedly false that “GY/j. Pierce appoints men i to afire because, they are. known to be free sailers and j j it thatihe Atlas could have been ignorant of , ! the falsehood when it fabricated it. ft ri, therefore, a do- 1 \ l iberate and unmitigated slander. We repeat w hat we have j j aid before—-that Gen. Pierce has appointed no man to of- j j lice knowing or believing hirn iO boa free, soiler ; and he j . stands pledged to correct any such appointment into which ; ! he may have inadvertently fallen, when the fact of present • j t ree soilisni is fixed on any of his appointees. When it is remembered that Mr. Too .was confessedly i j makes this charge, the sole ground of his opposition | to the administration, it will bo seen that Mr. Toombs . j is ut the end of his row. “ Othello's occupation's gone.” Editorial Item*. i fUT The office of tho Georgia Citizen is offered for : sale. The editor i* disgusted with politics, j TT* J. L. Cunning of Columbus, Ga., was recently j graduated at Oglethorpe University, j 37* The degree of Doctor of Divinity was recently j conferred on the Rev. C. P. Remax. of Mt. Zion, aud j :he Rev. E. P. Rogers of Augusta, Ga., by Ogle ! thorpe University. Col. Murphy has declined the canvass for Con gress in the 4th District on account of HI health. Last years Potatoes. • We arc indebted to Nelson Clayton, Esq., of Cham | hers county, Ala., for a bag of very large and sound j sweet potatoes, which he raised last year, and has suc ceeded in preserving according to the plan given in his Premium Essay, which cun be found in the last year’s i volume of the Soil of the South . ilarnett’* Mineral Spring. ! We have lately paid a visit to this new watering ; • place, and take pleasure in calling public intention to i I it. The spring is near ulennviile, Ala., which is one • I of the wealthiest, mot intelligent, i eOned and hospifa- I hie communities in the South—and is unsurpassed in i !;he salubrity of its climate and location. The invalid ; will find an agreeable and provident host in Mr. Bar nett, who presides over the hotel in Glennviile, ami J I spares no pains to make his boarders comfortable. — • j The exercise of riding to the spring, the glancing blade j eyes which greet him on his arrival there, and the min • era! qualities of the water will certainly prove highly f exhilarating and effect a vapid cure in constitutions I which arc not too dilapidated to be restored bv ordi nary remedies. Among the resident population, tho \ most wonderful statements are made as to the efficacy i. of the waters iu the cure of Dyspepsia. 1 ITT” The President, accompanied by Secretaries Girrif* I rie and Davis and Mr. Cushing, the Attorney Generali, I arrived at Baltimore on the 12th inst., en route to at ji tend the opening of the Great Fair at New York. £ His reception at Baltimore, is described as enthusias i itie, it being estimated that 100,000 persons were pres ent to welcome him. IGen. Pierce addressed the people from a Btaging erected in Front of Cabert street. The address appears i, i* the Baltimore papers, and is marked by the taste and 1 us&oqoence which distinguish the President's public ef forte. 1 Great preparations were making to receive him at Jphilsdelphia and New York. Death of Mrs. Jack^oo. A general gloom was east over tills community on Saturday morning, by the end announcement of the death of Mrs. Jackson, wife of Judge Henry R. Jack sea. The death of one so universally esteemed for her many virtues and graces of character, would, un- I der ordinary circumstances, have been regarded as a j most melancholy b< reaverneat—but a death so sudden j and unexpected, in tho bloom and vigor of health, I startled while it caused an intensely painful sensation hi the minds of all. Her death occurr.d at six o’clock in the morning —at the same hour on the previous evening, she was | in the enjoyment of her usual excellent health, and it i was not until within a few hours before her decease, j that any apprehensions were felt by her family arid friends in attendance. But, suddenly, “in the night, *’ she received the dread j summons, and with the morning dawn, her pure and ; I gentle spirit took its flight from earth, leaving desolate I j and disconsolate the home and hearts of which she w as j | the chosen and cherished idol. i M hila we sincerely condole with the bereaved lius- ; baud and family, we feci that words cannot express nor j human sympathy realize the poignancy of their sorrow, j May an inscrutable Providence give them fortitude and ; resignation, and teach them to sav— '"Thy will he done,” i [Sav. A ewe, July 1 8. Death of lien. Shorter. Tho Alabama Journal of yesterday gives the follow ing extract from a private letter from Eufaula : “Gen. R. C. Shorter has just passed to lh3t bourne ‘from whence there is no return.’ He died suddenly and alone, on Thursday last, the 14th iust., of apoplexy. He was buried last evening, with every demonstration ■ of respect, by his friends and neighbors. Eufaula, and ‘ the community generally, have lot in tlie General’s death a firm and ardent friend—one who has always been able and willing to lend a helping hand in every enterpri.se for the public good.’’ Kmiruml from Columbus to Grantsvilie. The citizens of Meriwether and Harris counties are en gaged in tho very laudable effort to bulk a Railroad from Grantsvitle to Hamilton, passing through Greenville. Grantsville is on the Lagrange road, 10 miles west of Newnan. It is understood that Harris county will extend the road to the Muscogee line, if assurances are given that we will continue it to Columbus, a dislanoeof only 10 or 11 miles. This is a direct road from this city to Atlanta, and besides opening up a communica tion for us via the Mineral Springe of Meriwether, to the rich valleys of Tennessee, will make Columbus the Grocery market for all upper Georgia. The road is only 60 miles long, runs in a nearly straight line to Allan- ‘ ta, brings us in connection with Hamilton and Green- ! ville, aud promises as large an increase of trade to our city as any other, aod can be built v. iili a very small expenditure of money on our part. Public attention has not heretofore been directly called It this enter prise. Wc are sure that Columbus will do her part in the work. Let our friends in Harris and Meriwether continue their laudable endeavors, and we pledge the city of Columbus to the completion of the read from j the Harris line to this place. We especially call tho j attention of our public spirited citizens to these sugges j lions, and solicit contributions to our columns on the j subject. De flow’s lie-view for July. This number introduces the XV. volume. I; is ! printed in an entirely new style, in large type and on : superior paper. It is published at Now Orleans, at : *5 per annum. Unbracing 2 Vo's, of about 700 pages | each. The present address of the editor is Washing | ton City. TABLE CP CONTENTS. ! Art. I.—Slavery Extension; By J)r. Van Evne, Washington, D. C. Art. 11.—The East India Islands. ■ Art. lll.—Valley of the Amazon; By Lieut. Maury. • Art. IV.—Resources and Progress of Philadelphia ; j ! By Job R. Tyson, LL. D., ofPhila. | Art. V.—The Great West; By J. W. Scott, of j Ohio. | Art. Vl.—Free Trade and Other Things; By Di*. i Francis Lieber, of S. C. Art. \ ll.—Tennessee, Past and Present, j Art. VUl.—lmprovement of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. ! Art. IX.—Mississippi Varioy Coal Fields. Art. X.—The Cotton Plant. ■ Art. XL—The Progress of France. I Art. XII. —The Queen’s Dream; A Sequel to Un* ’ c!e Tom’s Cabin. ; Art. XflL—The City of Savannah, j Art. XIV.— Editorial Department, j The first fourtecu volumes of this Review, p.re cm | densed into three, entitled “lodusrriai Resources of tho j Soutli and West” Price ten dollars. Postage free. 3 ;’ Gen. A. K. Patton, of Rome, Ga,,has announc- i ed himself as a candidate for Congress, arid pledges! : himself to vote for Jenkins for Governor, and Tairra j | for Judge. We believe General l’attott w:vs a fire-eater | ; i:i the lato div’ ion of parties in Georgia, and we aro, ! ! therefore, at great loss to account for this new develepe- j : ment on his part. Is lie too a disappointed aspirant I j for a regular nomination ? James L. .Seward. —With great Baiisfuctioa we place j ■ the name of this gentleman at the head of onr editorial i columns as a candidate to represent the First District in j the Congress of the United States. By the mail which ! lies jus! arrived wc have tlie proceedings of the Holmes- I ville Convention unanimously recommending hint for that i post. They shall appear to-morrow. The Convention ; was presided over by Hon. Levi S. D’Lyon, of this city. ; Sar. Oeor. ‘. Arrival of Dr. Achilli. —Among the passengers nr : rived at New York a few days since, from Liverpool, I in the packet ship Devonshire, is the Krv. Dr. Aohilii, | with his wife, child and servant. This is the same : Achilli whose legal controversy with tho Rev. Dr. Now man excited so much interest in tho religious community. Another Candidate for Governor. —The Tempe rance Recorder flics the name of Hon Bold. A. Ba ker, of Dallas, as the temperance candidate for Gorer nor of Alabama. Tbo Recorder says, “We !:av- the assurance that Mr. Baker will serve if elected i” QffT’ Dispatches wero received at the Slate Depart : ment, in Washington, on tho 7th July, from lion So : ion Borland, which accounts for his silence by a pro , traded illness whilst traveling. He has now recover j ed, and reports himself ready for instructions. j Death of S. A. Godman. —Wo deeply regret to an ; nounce that Mai. S A. Godman, the accomplished edi j tor of the Illustrated Family Friend, died at the rcsi -1 deuce of F. W. Henry, Esq., Charlotte county, Vir | ginia, on Tuesday last. —South Carolinian. The Maine Law in Wisconsin. —Tho bill subrr.it i ting the question of having a prohibitory law to the vote | of the people, has passed both houses of the Wisconsin Legislature. It passed the Assembly by a vote of 40 : for, to 2 against it. j (£7* Gen. Joseph has resigned office of j Governor of the Territory of Oregon, having been re j nominated by the Democrats as Congressional Delegate, j He has already taken the stump. O y™ Both the Cholera and Yellow Fever prevail ex tensively at Vera Cruz. The former exists likewise r.t Jala pa, but thus far has confined its ravages to the poorer classes, IT Two blocks of Vermont Marble, weighing one ton each, have been ordered from Rome, for the pur pose of making a bust. The order is from an Italian artist. The Rev. J. T. Bowen, Rev. J. H. Lacy, Rev. J. S, Dennard, Baptist Missionaries to Central Africa, with their wives, are about to embark at Boston for Lagos. IT The Hon. .James Johnson has been unanimously re-nopu&atcd by the Congressional Convention in Ameri cus, as the Union candidate for the 2d J>*trict. CoLCuyler W. Young, of Halcyoodale, Bcriven county, Ga , announces himself as a candidate for Con gress in the Bth District. O’ A fancy ball will be given at Madison Springs between the 15th and 20th of August. Coiambus and West Point Railroad. The following is an extract from an editorial article in the Times, of February 20,1852. It contains views which it is ari important row for the people of Colum bus to 4 ake into serious consideration. More Anon. “On the other hand, the West Point route Imw been surveyed by 1 1 very able Engineer ; and the grades, and the amount of ‘grading, embaukment, grubbing and clear ing, mid crossings, viaducts and culverts,’ accurately as certained ; and his estimate of tho cost of all these—ot every thing, except the superstructure and iron, is only $133,175!! and no grade high as thirty feet to the mile. Ho further says, Tho ground along the bank ot the river, from West” Point to Columbus, is not unfavor able to the construction of a Railroad—through some short sections the banks are mckynd precipitous, but the roadway may be readily formed by tumbling the Jeiaeh ! ed masses of i\ek, which line the shores, down the cliffs | until a sufficient foundation is made, as shown by the i trausvei>e section : {'referring to his map and profile of the 1 river.) On the sideiiug ground the excavation of half the ; road section, on i:s upper side, and throwing it to the k>w- I er, will form the road bed : and hy keeping the liucliigh j er or lower, the proper grade will be, every where obtaiu ; ed, and thereby incurring but a very moderate expense | for excavation and embankment.’ Again :he says, ‘the curves will be of gentle sweep—never turned in n shorter I radius than two thousand feet.’ Again: he says, ‘iio i practicability is established by the accompanying plans ; aud sections.’ Again :he says, ‘tbo grade of the road i would bo such, (as shown by the annexed table,) as to ! favor the descending, without causing iucouvc-nistice j to the amount of ascending commerce; the declension ! being easy and gradual’ “This survey was made by William Nichols, Civil En gineer, at the instance aud expense of the State. It was examiued by the Legislature, after its completion, and so highly approved by that body, that resolutions complimen tary of Mr. Nichols were passed. He is dead, aud his memory ie honored; but his works ou this subject at least, fortunately tor our city, did not follow him. They are yet on file in Miilcdgeviile, and the Mayor and Coun cil ought to procure copies of them. Wc have seen | them, the map particularly, and know that they are beau • tifnlly executed. “We now feel at liberty to say, that after adding to the cost of the construction of the Opelika route, the cost of a bridge across the Chattahoochee river, for u hich no grant, so far as v;c have heard, has been secured—the cost of its whole construction will equal the cost ot the whole construction of the West Point route. “Again; The track of the West Point route can be i made to correspond with those of the Georgia roads, and the sau,o ears of freight and passengers can run from Chattanooga to Columbus. “When the gap between Newnan and West Point shall have been filled up, Montgomery will command the prin cipal grocery trade, ss far as Atlanta at least, if not to Tennessee. For she is equal if not superior to Savannah as a grocery market, and much nearer Atlanta. Can wo hope to divide this trade with Montgomery by a Railroad to Opelika, and that too without a connection? Will Montgomery allow the east cud of her Railroad (02 miles) to bo used for that purpose, and thereby cut off'from the other, and main portion, a large and valuable business ? “But, we are nearer to Atlanta than Montgomery.— We an* as good a grocery market as phe >. With the j West Point Railroad completed—with a great advantage i iu point of distance in gu& fo\or—with the unavoidable tranship at \Y st Point against her, we should command all this grocery trade, and along with it, aud . the off spring of it, a vast amount of trade in other branches, in addition to large receipts of produce, to say nothing of the travel which s. j much traffic would induce. “But the Report under discussion, says that the West Print route will c't over half of a millio nos dollars. We think that we have shown, that it would be unreasonable to say that the cost of it construction, would bo greater I than hat of the Opelika route. All wer.sk is, that when the city of Columbus shall become able to vest one hutre dred thousand dollars in cither, it will first offer, it to the West Point Railroad company, upon the condition, that by substantial and bona fide subscriptions, the remainder of the sum necessary to complete their Railroad, shall he secured, within such reasonable time as it may prescribe. “The advantage, the incalculable advantage, ol connect ing our city, by means of a Railroad, with the vast amount of water power, between it and Wc ri Point, we have not space in this numb* rof the paper !n discuss. If any fu ture occasion should seem to demand it, we will dos-*.- Nor will we discuss now, the expediency of making in vestments out of the State, in works of doubtful utility. Wc will add, that if we desire so indu ■<* our Eufaula friends to connect with us by a Railroad, fanning up the river, we should offer them the merest possible route to Atlanta and Chattanooga, a route requiring not ranehip* I’ ment. This we can i<<, by the adoption of the West Point route; thus rendering Eufaula the terminus of a continu ous road from Chattanooga.” Railroad Dinner. Union Springs, July 16, I s '>3. Agreeably to previous announcement, a large and respec table assemblage of the citizens of Macon county, conven ed at Union Spring* on the 15th in r. William ii. Waugh, Esq., was appointed President of the day, and Edward W. Toney, acted as Secretary. The President in a few re marks, Rat ed tan object of the meeting, regretted the absence \ of M> j. John Howard, who was prevented from addressing j the people in consequence of the indisposition of his family, j Fortunately, his Hon. Judge Iverson was present, who kind- ; ly responded to a call to fill the place of Mr. Howard.— I This gentleman delivered an eloquent addrese replete with ■ good sense, sound information, and convincing argument, at the close of which the following Toa-ri were given and S appropriately rcrponded to: | The Girard Kali road. —Iu spite of the difficulties which I i have embarrased the emoryiiise—the sneers of its <•;*. .me?, j and the indifference of friends-—Sts completion i? I I cove a *'jixcd fact ami it is destined to be the main trunk j iof that gigantic seiisiiieot Internal Imnroveinouts, which i j : i to connect with it•• • i bands, the Atlantic with tho Gulf) : of Mexico. I f l'his sentiment was leriiomfod to by .Mr. Kiincy, the | Engineer of the Girard Railroad. In a clear and lucid j manner, he set forth the Nourishing condition of the road. ! Her various contracts on the route—told about tii* spirited • interest felt by the citizens along tho line in its welfare— ! liovr an Engine and the necessary cars were purchased j and paid for, that the iron to finish 22! miles would be j iaid down by November ncit, and that if the samespir ! it of liberality continued to be manifested, the Iron Horse i would be, at Union Spring* by tho winter of 1854. The City of Columbus. —The spirit of glorious old Georgia was nobly refit*-! el across the Chattahoochee I vs hen i:i the days’ of its darken gloom ehe extended that j aid which placed tho completion of the Girard Railroad } beyond contingencies; she shall be abundantly rewarded ; for her timely libera!itv. Mr. Wesley C. Hodges made a beautiful response to this toast, inodes: and appropriate, every v..-.y worthy of & citizen of trie “Loweii of the South.” The City of Mobile. —She h.as cordially grasped the hand extended to her by C.lumbu?, and with the enter prises completed in which she is now engaged, she need fear“o rival city on the Gul f.'* In the sltsence of any gentleman from that city, Henry O. Hoofen, F>q., rose and portrayed iu glowing language, j the high position occupied by Mobile—he had just re- | turned from a visit to that city—ke of the kindness ?n.i hospitality he had met, with there, ami set forth dearly trie great commercial advantages that she must realize from tier far-seeing policy ami wise liberality. The City r.t Savannah —Tho greet emporium of the “Empire State of the South,” she is row reaping the fruits of her labors iu the abundant streams of wealth and pros perity drawn to her bosom by the unequalled enterprise of her citizens. * This toast was ably responded to by Dr. N H. Powell. The venerable gentleman reverted to the “days of other years,” when he u*-i to enjov the hospitality of the city of Oglethorpe—-when he battled shoulde r to shoulder in the Legislature of Georgia with her representatives i reestablish ing that system of Internal Improvements that hfs placed her so far ahead of her Southern sisters, felt that it would be greatly to the interest of Savannah to extend to the Gi rard Railroad a portion o! her liberality and trusted that although he was “old and grey headed,” he would live to see the day that Mobile and Savannah would be united to gether with bands of Iron. The old gentleman took his seat amidst great applause.. The President and Directors of the Girard Railroad. — Indefatigable and untiring in their efforts to advance the interest of the State, and promote tho prosperity of their follow-citizens, they now have the proud satisfaction of knowing that their labors have not been in vain. At the close of this sentiment, Capt. Seals and in bis honest, sincere and forcible manner—every word he uttered bearing the t-tamp of truth—gave a history of the progress of the road—urged upon nis fellow-citizens t o meet, as men ought to meet, tiie noble subscription of the people of Mobile—spoke of the liberality and public spirit ed conduct of the Greenville folks and others along tk9 line, and gave it as hi 9 opinion, that in three years, the “last link would be not broken, but welded stronger than ever, that would connect Mobile and .Savannah together in bonds of mutual interest. The State of Georgia. —Bleeped with an enlightened and enterprising population, she has gallantly outstripped her ?ister stab's, ana justly earned the proud title of the “Empire State of the South.” May her daughter—Alabama—follow herjjiorioua example. To this toast, Col. Richard H. Powell made an elo quent and appropriate response—he adverted to Georgia with touching pathos as his native State, where the days of his boyhood had been joyously spent, exulted in the. noble position she occunied, and urged upon Alabama to emulate her example. Many of the assembled multitude were natives of Georgia, and it was evident that their feelings were in full unison with the speaker, aud were carried back away among her red iritis to the happy days of“Auld lang svne.” Free Trade, Internal Improvements and Commerce. — These great elements of national prosperity—let them be untrammeled by artificial as well as natural restraints. Mr. H. R- Hugely responded to this toast. His remarks wore to the. point, showing that with the advancement of civilization and intelligence went all the great principles of liberty, aud that where the political economy ofnutiqns was tho most liberal, these Internal Improvements with their attendant prosperity conferred all their benefits upon liiepoople. The Ladies. —Always ready with an approving smile to encourage every noble oriternnse. This toast was most happily responded to by Mr. Robert Haynee—he seemed to be peculiarly in the vein, hiscompli meuts were just right, not too much or too little—and when he described woman iu her tenderness iastiliiug into youth right principles, he met u hearty response from every The President now arose and after a short addreei, urged upon his fellow-citizens to come forward and en courage a work that was advancing, as it advanced foe value of their real estate from SO to 300 per cent., stated j a number of tacts illustrative of the great advantages of; Railroads in general, end tho Girard Railroad in particu* i hr, and offered books for subscriptions. Several gentlemen came forward and made up a num- ! ber of hands to work on the “big hill. ’’Some preferred ; cash subscriptions, and the citizens of the corporation ol Union Springs unanimously subscribed five per cent, upon all the real estate within Us limits to aid the road. A project was sot on foot, which so far met with no dte srni. That the Planters within ten miles of tlte road pay per cent, on the value 1 their lands and invest it in the stock of the Road. Tius will raise a large amount, as the lands are very valu; hie on this part of tho route. Speeches were made by Mr. George Stewart and Judge Pearce very appropriate to the occasion, alter which Mr. Ilomer Blackmon addressed the assembly—giving various interesting statistics in relation to the Girard Railroad, and great confidence and encouragement to its friends, read and commented upon the liberality and safety of the charter guarding carefully the interest of the block holders, and giving the opinion of Judge Iverson, Hines llolt, Esq., and other gentlemen of the'highest legal attainments a to the non liability of tho Btoci holders for more than the amount of their subscription under any circumstance connected with the Girard Railroad. Mr. Blackrnou then offered this sentiment, which was happily received: J. F. Cooper and F. R. Holcomb—distinguished by their experience and success as Engineers. Their Report from Instrumental Examination of the practica bility ol* tho Girard Railroad and their endorsement of its true location ar:d certain success render its construction of no doubt to those conversant with their ttbii%. — Other sentiments were offered by Capt. Beah and Dr. Powell, which we regret have been mislaid. A letter was read from Major Hardaway, breathing the true snirit, every way characteristic of the noble energy of that gentleman. Ho is on Ins way to the North to purchase iron to finish the road from Girard to Colbert miles. He closes Ids letter w ith the following sentiment: “Tho cities of Savannah aud Mobile—The former has done muefi by her example. The latter has nobly respond ed by a subscription ol one million of dollars ; one more response and the waters of the Gull and the Atlantic will be connected through the Girard Road by Iron Bands. Other letters were received from distinguished gentlemen, cheering on the work. A table six hundred and eighty feet long, was syrround ed with guests, who did ample justice to tho substantiate and delicacies abundantly spread upon it—kindly feeling and eoeiability prevailed throughout tho day, tho w hole being cheered* by tho smiles of the fascinating ladioa of Macon county. < ):i motion, Resolve*!, that the proceedings oflhismeet n?be published iu the Columbus and Mobile papers. \VM. H. WAUGH, Chairman. B. W. Toney, Secretary. [For tkp uimes ano stntinel.J Tlie Mobile and Girard Railroad—The subscript tion of Mobile aud one of its condition^—The West Point Hoad, JLr. It would he wrong for us, the people of Columbus, to al low those of Mobile to misunderstand iw. Ah a city, and without reflect to the value oi the ?toek of tho Muscogee, South-Western and Central Railroad*, wc have but little interest in tho Mobile and Girard Railroad beyond Union Springs (5*2 miles.) From that point westward to Mobile Bay.the city of Mobile has an interest as exclusive and as deep as ours in tho 52 miles of this end of the road, and yet her position i°. that we must secure the completion of two j thirds of it tin cost) instead of one, before she will be will- i ing to subscribe to any part of it. Os coarse we have no | right to complain, because it ia not only lier right but her j du v, to do that which sire thiaka will best promote her j wo hare, and it is for her to decide, cot us, wbetner she has j adopted the wisest and safest course in entailing upon her ! subscription the restriction referred to. Tho city of Columbus will see to it, that her duty shall j be performed in carrying the road to Union Springs ; but she | knows very well, that every dollar subscril>od by her, to be j expended beyond that poiut, will be unwisely subscribed ; while slio has other works to accomplish, which, when i completed, will contribute folly as much (if not more) to her trade and prosperity as tire load to Union Spring* possibly can. Wc are not in a position to decide what it would be best for Mobile to do, because wo do not understand her tinan | cial condition nor the difficulties which may stand in the way of making tho subscription without this n-.-trictioa; and, therefore, wc may be excused for being unable to see why she should not abandon this restriction and go forward at once tobuild the road from Mobile Bay to Greenville, as we are doing in building it fo~ :n Columbus to Union Springs. For it is certain, that the eooacr she does this the sootier will the gap be filled up, and the sooner, too, will Mont gomery meet her there. We consider the head a dull one, which do#s not see that Savannah and Brunswick will shake hand? in tltis place in les than four years ; and lons before Mobile could build a road from her bay to Greenville, theKi two cities would be found united in filling up the gap with more than usual ra pidity. Neither pi these cities would teM a lively interest in the. discussed project of going to Pensacola, it the Girard and Mobile Roud were now placed beyond a doubt ah to j its early completion. j i; is easy for Mobile and the friends of the Mobile and i Girard road in Alabama to seo why Coluaibutt cannot be. 1 expected to espend any portion of her strengtli at present j to advance an interest of so little iiuportanco to her as the extension of that road beyond Union Spring-*. j Within a very short time the railroad communication bo- j tween Montgomery ami Atlanta, by the way of West Point, will be completed. This will not only give Montgomery all the trade above that line, but will enable her to divide with us that which is below, to within ten miles of our doors on both sides of the river. The Columbus and West Point road along the east bank of the Chattahoochee (the easiest route in all of Georgia above this place to grade) will not only give us back this trade, but will enable us to get j cotton from,and to sell goods to, tho up country as high as j Newnan,to the exclusion of Montgomery. The time so j nearly at hand, when ColumbuH mast begin the construe-j tiou of this road; and it is to this that site must devote hr ( e torsies, her credit and her means. V • MOKB ANON. ( ton T>i:. TI.WBS 4.M> 6JSSTISEI..J ! The ontlines ot Knilroad m a ?(nt imVH. I If tho city of ColumL-.? will subscribe her stock in the j .Muscogee Railroad to the Columbus and Wr-t Point Rail ! read, and add SIOO,OOO in h*.r bond**, and give Major How j ako the control of it, he can procure additional eubserip ; ti ;na enough in a month or two to complete and equip the i road by the fust of October of next year, and thus, by that j time, double the trade of tho city. What candid aad fair I mitiu, fully informed on the subject, will deny this ? j The road to Union Springs may he completed by the i san.t- lime with the aid of cue hundred thousand dollar? ad- i i ditionai subscription ou the part of the city. This will make her subscription to each, the same iu amount. Tins would bo just; for each is iu an equal degree important to *kt, and no discrimination sliouid bo submitted to. Let it l*e homo in mind, that ti.*: urofits of the trade which the Columbus and W est Feint Road would be the means of bringing to us in ono season, would bo nearly, if not quite sufficient, to balance the whole of the proposed subscription of the civy. ARG US. (rOR THE TITLES AND SENTINEL, j Mr. Editor .-—Your neighbor avers that I have been “employed” by you to “re-daub” a favorable picture drawn i by you of M;;j. Colquitt. “Employment” carries with it i tlv idea of compensation. Well, sir, to make good this | averment, it is time you were settling with m-—for, certe?, 1 i have not yet seen the color of vour money, or dreamed of payment iu any shape, for repelling h sneer from tho organ of the “legion,” against a young man who has smelt pow der in his country’? cause, t t, rir, that the Editc rof the “Legiu” hardly comprehends political writing as dis connected with pay. Writing himself for a fixed yearly stipend, ho is as much n mercenary as the street organist who grinds you out a dime’s worth of his music. Your neighbor, Mr. Editor,is a? unfortunate in this allusion as ho was to tho subject of Maj. Colquitt's army career. Bet j i he tells us that tho “motive” thut took young Colquitt to f ! Mexico was tho salary ci‘a Paymaster, aud insinuates that { 1: ■ oug!:t to have “abreildcred his musket ‘ r.t Bueua Vista ! j Indeed ! and how did the Editor dive into the breast of Colquitt to find out his “motives” ? Where did learn th# art of scanning the unseen workings of the heart, and the secret thoughts of tho mind ? I thought it was only the Searcher of Hearts that had the right or tho power to look into and pronounce upon the secret movementsoi the hu man mind. L>ut, by the same rule, Gen. Taylor should have “shouldered a musket” at Buena Vista, instead of sit ting on “old Whitey” and giving his oniers. By tho same rule, every man should be a private, and all officers and distinctions known to a military organization sliould have been abolished. No man deserve? credit for being present on that field, who didn’t “shoulder I U musket.” What then bccome-s of the glory of old Zack ? Wool, Bragg, O’Brien, Waslungton, Clay, Jeff. Davis, Marshall and a host of others who led to the victory of thut field, fought amt bled and many of them died in vain—they deserve no credit because they were officers and didn’t carry muskets But Gen. Taylor “forgot to mention Maj. Colquitt's ser vices,” says your neighbor. And pray how many of the soldiers who “carried muskets” and who were made to bite the dust that day, vvera forgotten to be mentioned by Gen. Taylor ■. First, it Lsesser.ti ii to distinction to “carry a mus ket,” and next, to be mentioned officially by Gen. Taylor. Vet, whole platoons ol musketeers were mown down by the Mexican cannon ball? that day and were not mentioned by Gen. Taylor. Now, the truth is, that the Enquirer is determined that under no conditions sod circumstances shall Maj. Colquitt have the meed of applause, always accorded by American voters to a man who has risked his fife in battle for his country. And in its haste to state certain conditions atten dant on his participation in the battle of Buena Vista, lie has brought two conditions together which completely de stroy each other. He must be mentioned in the official reports— that is one condition. He mi>t have carried a musket— that is acotber. Yet I have shown that had he been in the raciv and carried a musket, he could not have been mentioned in the report?. Butin hi3 attempt to wtustie this question down tho.wind —aud waive a disagreeable topic which he has been eiily enough to ptart—the editor has entirely forgotten to answer my enquiry: what lias Mr. J axils Johnson done to entitle himself to the applause of the public? \\ tier© are bis trophies of greatness, or goodnews, private benevolence or public spirit ? Has ho ever erdd or done any tiring in the world to show that Mr. James Johnson was not the prineipal ob ject of his thoughts, care and ambition ? If s, point *ut the instance. DEMOCRAT. ! [ion Tin. TIMES AM. SESTISEL.J Mr. T.ditur : —As the time is inst approaching when oar convention will meet to eeiect candidates ior the legisla ture, allow me to suggest to the Delegates who will assent* ble, the name of Am. C. Morton. Judge Morton hus ever been a tirm and consistent Ix-mocrat, and ia a gentle man oi liigh talents, well unahtied to properly represent osr iuiereats. Hia name has been connected with anotlior and more conspicuous theatre, but 1 cannot doubt his readiness to servo his country and parly iu any sphere to which be may be called. Judge Morton, although a strong Union Democrat, aud separated t'rom many of us upou that issue, was an early and zealous advocate tor the re-orgaaizatieu of the party, aud contributed greatly to that end by his warm support of the. otiginal ticket fur electors, firmly taking i?sue with many ot our Union brethren upon that point. His selection us a candidate, apart from its proprie ty, would tend greatly to sileuce the calumny that Uuioa Democrats are not viewed with respect and confidence by the party. A SOUTHERN RIGHTS DEMOCRAT. Muscogee eo., Ga., Juiy IT, Opening of the fieri Railroad in Africa.—Ao eouots from Alexandria, Egypt, of June 2i, state that the Cairo and Alexaodtia railway Bad been partially | opened. A Utter, dated the 21st. says : “The first railway ever constructed in Africa lias been, for twenty-five miles from Alexandria, traversed this day by locomotives, and in the land of the Pyramids one more monument has been added to the abiding splendor of the past. There is to bo n more formal opening in n few months, when the first section to the Xilc is completed.” The Smiths in Luck. —Ks-Governor William Smith, of Virginia, recently returned from California jr.st in time to be elected to Congress. All the world will recognize him as “Extra Hilly.” His son, <T. C. Smith, bus just beesi appointed Consul to Lima. The Smiths aro in luck. Smith is a afreat name in Virginia. John was among the “first families.” UT The Washington (Wilkes,) Kailroud is now com pleted, and cars are runuing regularly to within five miles of Washington. Conveyances from there to Washington every day. Sundays excepted. Royal Marriage. —The Frinoess Carola Wasa, who was said at one time to be afliaaood to Louis Napoleon, was united in marriage, on Saturday June 18, to Prince Albert of Saxony, in the Cathedra! of Dresden. Sty Jenny Lind Goldschmidt is said to be the happy mother of a fine daughter. Their nuiue is Legion. The Whigs of Georgia have at Jast found 3 name that exactly suits them. The discovery was first made hy the Columbus Rnquiicr. If we must tell our name, says iho Enquirer, here it is: “Our name is Legion Tim Southern Recorder aud several oth.r Whig papers an swer in response, our name is Legion , and our name is Le gion is echoed from tnc end of Georgia to the other. We have for sometime had strong suspicions of the origin of the present Whig party. We knew that for some reason or other, they were ashamed of their ancestors and their name. But now since they have openly proclaimed then origin, we hope hereafter they will cot deny their rel tione. Those who are anxious to know the early history of the party, and the character of their ancestors, will find a very graphic and concise account of both, in the sth chap, of Mark, and in the Bth chap, of Luke, it will there be seen, that “Lkg(On” was the name of a very numerous and a very mischievous parly of decile that infested “the country of the Gadarenrs which is over against Galilee.” It is strange how long certain traits of character will run in families. Eighteen hundred years ago tlte party called Legion , was in many respects very much like their descendants of the present day. Those [ unfortunate men who were formerly under the influents | of this party, left the company of sane men, and de igbtcd I to bang about the Toombs. Sometimes they became in ■ sane, end frothed at the mouth, aud exposed themselves j ia a very ridiculous manner. I Those who were at the last Whig Convention must have seen things very similar. We might trace the re ! semblance much farther ; hut tve think wo have already j shown such a striking similarity between the ancient and modern party, that every one will recognize the relation ship. Wo will only add at this time, that the party called Legion ruined every man that remained under their con trol ; even the hogs could not long survive their alliance, and iu a fit of despair drowned themselves in the Sea rather than endure their society.— Fed. Vnion. To the Teachers ot Georgia. Believing that a State Teachers’ Association would boa means of great good, hy awakening a deeper interest iti the cause of education; by pro moting a greater degree of system and efficiency among teachers, and a better appreciation cf their professional labors among the people generally,ami hv .affording to those engaged in this important work the means of mutual counsel, instruction and en couragement ; the undersigned do cordially solicit their fellow Teaches of every grade, throughout the State, to meet ip the city of Griffin, on Wednesday i the 10th day of August next, at 10 o’clock, A. M., i for the purpose of discussing this whole subject, and j cf adopting such measures os may bo deemed | lost ho the promotion of so desirable anoljeet. E. H. Myers, of Macon. I • JL. Darhv, of Culloden. Milton E. Bscr n, td LaGrange. T. F. -Montgomery, .1. T. Montgomery, “ H. B. T. Montgomery, “ G. J. Orr, of Oxford. I£. E. Morrow, Martin, and others, of Griffin, I 1. H. Echols, of Madieon. Barnard Mailon, of Savannah. | S. G. Bragg, of Montpelier. ! J V. Alexander, of Newnan. ! C. Patterroo, of Gwinnett Institute. R.S. Scruggs, of Burke county. A. 1.. O’Brien, of Cuthherl. J. B. Huff; of Harris county. M. M. licith of Pike county. J • J. Groves, of Talbotton. W. G Johnson, of Muscogee county. Chatlcs A. J. Marsh, “ \V. V. P. Cleghorn, of West Point. J. C. Feirell, -• T. B Slade, of Columbus. C. W. Chapman, “ W. F. Plane, James J. Slade, “ <J. P. Beman, Mount Zion. .Wesleyan Female College. ‘l ire Commencement Exercises of this flourishing Institution of learning, have been celebrated during the past week with the usual pleasant and appro priate ceremonies. Wc regret that our other en gagements denied us the pleasure of a constant attendance, the exercises w hich we did witness on ly convinced us that we should have greatly enjoy ed them all. We learn from those more fortunate than ourselves, that the condition of the Col lege, and the proficiency of the students are highly encouraging to the friends of the Institution, as they are n!so a convincing illustration of the en ergy, the talent, and the faithfulness of the Faculty. The Exercises closed on Tlitir-sday, with the reading ot Compnsipons, and an address from Judge Johnson. This address, which it was our good for tune to bear, elicited general commendation. It was sensible, practical and appropriate, addressed I rather to the understanding than to tho imagination, though enlivened by occasional passages of great beauty. Acer a comp-ehensive consideration cf the interesiii g snljcct of Female Education, the orator concluded with an eloquent apostrophe tothe Bible, .that great book to whose inspired wisdom the genius of Locke, the knowledge or Bsccn, smi the intelligence oft Newton is a* nothing in compnii mn. None are ignorant who have learned its sa cred lessons. —Macon Telegraph. The Caloric E ngine.— Capt. Ericsson has finish ed a beat) lll I little model of his “caloric engine’’ for exhibition at the Crystal Palace. A caloric engine of sixty horse power, fitted up to drive the machine ry of Messrs. Hogg &l- Delameter's Foundry, New York, will he thrown open to public inspection du ring the continuance of the Industrial Exhibition, in relation to the present condition of the caloric ship tho N. V. Times says : Rapid progress is made in constructing the new cylinders tor the ship Ericsson, and tve learn thatshe will be hrotight round from Williamsburg to the foot of West Thirteenth street early next week, to receive her new machinery. The state ment made in the papers some time since, that her engines bad been entirely taken out, was quite in correct. Nothing whatever was removed but the cylinders. The ship will also be thrown open to the public during the early part of the Crystal Palace Exhibition. The Havre papers state that the calo ric engine sent out by the Hunihnldt, some weeks since, had been set to work, and that the French Government had sent down a commission to exam ine aud report upon it. Captain Ericsson, we un derstand, sends out by the eteamer Baltic, on Pal urday next, a working model of tho caloric engine, for use in the lectnre-room of the Society of Civil Engineers in London. Savannah River Railroad. —A project is on foot, by our neighbors over the Savannah river, to build a Railroad from Hamburgh, S. C. to Anderson C. 11., or some point higher up, in the valley of the Savannah river. A large meeting was held at Dorn’s Gold Mine, in Abhevilio district, on the 11 tli inst., for the purpose of considering the subject,at which Mr. Dorn pledg ed himself to take ® 100,000 worth of stock.— Subscription Books are already opened at va rious places and exhibit a fair amount of stock taken. The Bank of Hamburgh will, it is repor ted, take of tho Stock and New York Capitalists and wealthy citizens of Edgefield and Abbeville Districts will probably ao the rest. The distance is 95 miles. —Georgia Citi zen. There is on insurance in Boston on the clipper ship Carrier Pigeon, lost on the Cth of June, thirty miles sooth of Shut Ftaoeisoo, for $ l9O-000,