Newspaper Page Text
(From the Manchester {N. II) Daily Mirror, Aug. 15.]
The Manchester Suicide.
At about eight o’clock !sst evening, (Sunday,
August 14,) two young ladies, operatives in the
mill, committed suicide by drowning ; the particu
lars ol'which, so far as we have been able to gather,
are as follows:
One of them was Miss Catharine B. Cotton, of
Pownal, Maine, aged twenty-two ; the other, Miss
Clara C. Cochran, aged nineteen, a native of New
Boston, but who lately had a home with a brother
at Hopkinton. They roomed together at No. 20,
Manchester Corjmration, in this city, and have fre
quently expressed a purpose to drown themselves ;
but their friends had no apprehension that such was
their design. For a few days previous they had
talked freely of so doing, aud communicated their
intention to a room-mate; but still without creating
any alarm. As they left their boatduig-house late
in the evening, however, the lady rooming with
them followed and watched them. They proceed
ed hand-ir.-haod, and with great apparent cheerful
ness, to the bridge crossing the upper canal, lead
ing to the Manchester mills—stoppcdtogeiher upon
the stsne wall of the canal just above the br : dge,
and together leaped into the water. The act was
seen by one or two persons ami the alarm was in
stantly given, though ton minutes escaped before
ether was taken out. In that time the bony ol
Miss Colton was recovered—that of Miss Cochtan
having floated down the canal, was not recovered
for some lime after. All efforts to resuscitate them
failed. Miss Cochran, for some days previous,
had been very much depresse! and low-spirited.
Their whole proceedings were marked by great
coolness and deliberation. Both of them left letters
to theii friends announcing iheir purpose, and giv
ing directions in regard to the settlement of their
affairs and the disposal of their effects. Miss Coch
ran, we understand, was to come into possession
of several thousand dollars at twcnly-one years of
age. Various rumors are afloat in regard to the
cause of this rash act. From all we can learn it is
to be ascribed in both cases to the grief ofdisappoin
ted love.
Below we insert the letter of Miss Cochran to
her sister at Hopkinton, written just before her un
timely decease, and carefully placed in her trunk :
“Manchester, Aug. 14, 1853.
“Dear Sister : —I received your letter last Wednes
day, and contrary to your custom, answered it tti
first opportunity. Though I knew it was haying
time, and of course you would have n great deal to
do, still I felt provoked at your silence. You and
aunt Aehsali are my only regular correspondents,
but I now and then answer one of the many letters
lhat I receive. It is only 6 o’clock a. m., and I
have begun in good season, so as to write to you
and to Jesse to-day. I am glad to hear that Louisa
is with you, for a iittle help is better than none. As
for visiting you, I probably never shall meet you
again in life; ere you receive this I shall be in the
silent realms of the dead ! Start not, dear Annie,
nor shudder, for what use can there be in dragging
out a wearisome life, deprived ol all enjoyment^—
I am only a burden to myself and every one else
who interest themselves in my welfare. Give my
Jove lo Joseph, to Martha, and to all who care for
me, or protend to. Bury me in Vermont, by ihe
side of my mother, and I have money enough to pay
all funeral expenses. 1 owe Mrs. Maria Foss, my
room-matg, $3 ; Mrs. Jacobs, $1 25 ; and $4 lor
my board, and there is over s:i due me at the Ainos
keag counting-room. If there is any thing left of
my money alter paying my funeral expenses, which
I want to be as cheap as possible, and paying my
debts, send it, together with his tellers, (which you
will find in my pocket,) to John H. Sherwin, No.
140 Fulton street., New York.
“Jesse and Joseph ate probably well enough off
already ; and, if I could aid John by a few dollars,
it might do some good. A copy of Shakspeare,
which I have lent John Jacobs, I should like to
haveJ.H. S. have ; the test, tny clothes and other
things, you may divide us you see fit,
“And now,good hve ; mourn not for me, friends ;
tell Jesse I would like to see him once more before
I die, but that cannot be.
“Farewell forever, CL AftA C. COCHRAN
“To Mrs. Anna M, Cochran, Hopkinton, N. H.
“Forward quickly, for it tells of death.”
The following was written upon the opposite
sheet of the letter by Miss Cochran, and evidently
intended for the eye of her lover:
“And now, dearest, I must write you a few lines,
though ere you receive them the hand that penned
them will he cold in death. Do not think of me
with regret, for ‘tis belter that it should be so.
‘Onemore untortunate, weary ofbreath,
Rashly importunate, gone to her death.
“1 forgive all who have injured me, and crave
for forgiveness of you, if 1 have erred, and 1 know
I have. Be happy and forget me not. Even if
you ever marry, still ’twill not be wicked to casta
thoughton me, and no one would love you the less
for it. I shall, I hope, be buried in Vermont, by
the side of my mother. Farewell.”
She also enclosed in her letter scraps ol poetry,
which no doubt expressed her feelings at the time
of writing.
The body of Miss Cochran was placed on ltoartl
the ears this forenoon and conveyed to her
friends.
The friends of Miss Cotton have not yet arrived,
and her remains have been deposited in the city
tomb. She also left letters, which we arejnot now
at liberty to publish, but shall do so as soon as we
are enabled to obtain them.
A man restored to Life after Burial for Ten Months.
The subjoined extract is translated from the Par
is Journal of Magnetism, which quotes a.s its au
thority a very remarkable book published by Mr.
Osborne, an English officer, on his return from the
court of Runjesting, in India. We must also add
that General Ventura, who was one of the w itness
es ol this extraordinary transaction, testified to the
correctness of the statement, when lie subsequent
ly visited Paris.
Mr. Osborne says, “On the 6th ol J tine, 1838, the
monotony of our life in camp was agreeably inter
rupted by the arrival of an individual who had ac
quired great celebrity in the Pemijab. The na
t ves regarded him w.th great veneration, on account
of the facility he posssessed of remaining buried
under ground as long as he pleased, and then revi
ving agaiu. Such extraordinary tacts were related in
the country concerning this man, and so many re
spectable persons testified their authenticity, that we
were extremely desirous of seeing him; for instance,
Capt. Wade, of Lodhiana, informed me that he had
himself been present at the resurrection of this Fa
kir, in the presence of General Ventura, the Rajah,
and several men of distinction among the natives,
and that alter his intermeut had lasted several
months.” The following are the details which
were given him ot the interment and those that he
added on his own authority of the examination.
“At the end of some preparations which had las
ted several days, and which would be too tedious
to enumerate, the Fakir declared himself ready for
the experiment ; the witnesses i. el around a'tninli
of mason-work, constructed expressly to receive
him. Before their eyes the Fakir closed with wax
(with exception of his month) the apertures of his
body through which air might be admitted ; then
he stripped off all hisclothing. He was then en
closed in a linen ling, and by his direction his tongue
was turned back so as to enclose the entrance n‘ his
throat; immediately after tins operation, the Fakir
fell into a lethargic state. The bag- which contain
ed him was then closed, and sealed by the Rajah.
This sack was then placed in a wooden box. w hich
was locked with a padlock and sealed. The box
was lowered into the tomb, over which was thrown
a great quantity ot earth, which was trampled down
and then sown with barley ; finally, sentinels were
set to watch it day and night. Notwithstanding all
these precautions, the Rajah still was suspicious;
he came twice during the ten rnorths that the Fakir
remained buried, and caused the tomb to be exam
ined ; he found the Fakir precisely as they had left
him, and perfectly cold and inanimate.
“The tee months having expired, they proceeded
to the final examination. General Ventura and
Captain Wade saw the padlock opened, the seals
broken and the chest raised from the tomb. The
Fakir was removed : there were no indications of
the heart or pulse. In the top of his head there re
mained some slight sensation of heat. After first
placing his tongue in a natural position, and then
pouring warm water over his body, he began to
evince some signs of life. After two hours he was
quite restored and walked about. This wonderful
man is about thirty years of age, his figure is un’
pleasant, and his countenance has a cunning ex
pression.
“He says that he had delicious dreams during
his interment, and that restoration is very painful
to him.”
California —Chinese Language.— The
ninth section of an act passed by the California
legislature for the collection of the foreign mi
ners’ tax has been printed in the Chinese lan
guage. Tong’k Achich, a Chinaman, certifies
that the translation is “faithful and good.”
There are more than thirty thousand Chinese
in California, and “still they come.”
(Times nub Brniinel.
OOLI'MBUS, GKORGIA.
TUESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 30, 1853.
FOR GOVERNOR:
HERSCHEL V. JOHNSON,
OF BALDWIN.
FOR CONGRESS:
Ist. DISTRICT JAMES L. SEWARD.
I Id. DISTRICT A. If. COLQUITT.
Hid. DISTRICT DAVID J. HAILEY.
IVth. DISTRICT W. 11. W. DENT.
Vth. DISTRICT E. W. CHASTAIN.
Deth of Lock Weeing, Kgq.
We announce with profound sorrow the sudden
death of our much esteemed friend and townsman,
Lock Wkems, Esqr. lie died at his residence in
Wynn ton at 12 o’clock on the night of the 25th inst.,
after an illness of thirteen days, in the 50th year of his
age.
He was born on the 25th July, 1804, at Port Tobac
co, Maryland, and removed to Georgia in eaily life. —
At an early age he connected hiinse.f with the
church and his life has been an exemplification of the
virtues and charities of the holv religion which he pro
fessed. lie was an honest man, and a just one. Mis
fortune never appealed to him in vain. His mild disposi
tion, gentle manners, and sound practical sense, won
the love and commanded the confidence of his fellow-cit
izens. In all the relations o life he was true to himself,
to his country and to his G*d. The community in which
he has so long lived and blessed by his unostentatious
virtues commit him to the tomb with the deepest grief,
and mingle their tears with those of his orphaned chil
dren over the bier of the fellow citizen and friend. The
death of such a man in the prime of his life and in the
midst of his usefulness is an inscrutable Providence
which human foresight strives in vain to fathom. We
can but submit to the stern decree, which we have no
power to avert, in the confident assurance that the All
wise Being who inflicted the blow, chastises with mer
cy, and will overrule his mysterious providences to the
good of those upon whom he lays his hand.
News from the Canvass.
We have heard from Buena Vista, the first appoint
ment of our gallant candidate for Congress in this Dis
trict. Maj. A. 11. Colquitt, wc regret to learn, was
prevented from attending by the continued illness of
his family. Ilis place, however, was filled by Waltek
T. Colquitt, who, by the way, is always found where
the battle rages fiercest. He opened the discussion
with a temperate address, in which he showed the ne
cessity of a cordial union of the Democracy in support
of our noble President’s Administration, and very fully
and satisfactorily defended Mr. Pierce from the ground
less slanders of his and our old enemies, the Conserva
tive Whigs. His speech was received with euthusiasm
and it is the opinion of persons present that its effect
was fully equal to the most ardent anticipations of his
friends. Harmony was restored and enthusiasm exci
ted in our ranks.
He was followed by Mr. James Johnson, the Demo
cratic Conservative Whig candidate of the party which
has more names than principles, in a tolerably good
speech, better perhaps than his ordinary efforts. We
are told that as soon as he concluded, many of his friends ,
left.—they had not courage to face the hot shot which
they knew were to follow, nfid acting upon the old saw,
that discretion is the better part of valor, fled from the
field. We are informed that Judge Colquitt’s reply
was overwhelming. Defied to a justification of his own
course by the assault of his imprudent opponent, he not
only did so to the entire satisfaction of his audience, but
turned upon the Hon. James Johnson with such a fire
of argument, sarcasm, ridicule and fun, that he stormed
the feeble fortifications of his adversary, and loft him
dead upon the field. We cannot resist the temptation
to transfer to our columns one of his happy hits, though
its keen edge will be blunted in our hands. Mr.
Johnson had told a conversation lie had with a Demo
crat, in which he asked him, what he lad done in
Congress to justify opposition. The old farmer replied,
“you have done nothing and that, said Mr. Johnson, j
is the reason why he desired to beat me ; “and that,”
replied Mr. Colquitt, “is the reason why we all de
sire to beat you—you have been two years in Congress
and done, nothing. The South wants Representatives
who w ill do something; men not only of brains but
will—men devoted to the country, who will lose no op- j
portunity of insisting upon her rights, and resisting the \
encroachments of her enemies. Mr. Johnson can do
nothing at home.” He then went on to illustrate his
position by reference to the anecdote of the boy who
met his father crying in the evening, and when asked
what he was blubbering about, replied, “1 am afraid
you’ll whip me.” “Whip you for what ?” said the old
man. “Nothing,” said the urchin. “Go to bed then,’’
said the old man, “anc hush your mouth •, 1 will not
whip you for nothing.” Shortly afterwards the old man
came rushing into the little fellow’s room with a hand
ful] of switches and commenced frailing him smartly,
saying, “you lazy little rascal, didn’t I tell you to hoe
the potatoes ?” “Yes, sir,” said the boy, “but you said
you wouldn’t whip me for doing nothing.” The ap
plication was too palpable, and judging from the storm
of applause which followed, it would seem that the au
dience concurred with the old man in thinking that Mr.
Johnson, like the lazy boy, ought to be beat for do
ing nothing.
The discussion is said to have resulted in the complete
triumph of our champion. We doubt not but that this
will be the ease whenever the parties meet. The cause
of Mr. Johnson is indefensible. He is a professed De
mocrat running on the Whig ticket. He cannot pro
tend with Toombs and Stephens, that the South is “in
imminent peril” from the Abolition appointments of
President Pierce. We believe he has never .been
charged and indeed never professed to be over sensitive
on the subject of slavery.
We are gratified to announce that our prospects are
fair for carrying both Stewart and Marion ; and that it
is the opinion of Maj. Colquitt that he will distance
his competitor if Muscogee will do her duty. What say
you, friends ? Can we carry Muscogee? We have
no doubt of it, if every man will put his shoulder to the
wheel. We are gratified to know that our prospects
here are daily improving. The right spirit is prevail
ing. and in a week or two we hope to have the pleasure
of announcing a ticket for our county which no effort
on the part of our adversaries can beat.
Hear the other Side.
While the air is burthened at the South with the
wail of Toombs and Stephens over the alleged
appointment of Freeeoileis to office by President Pierce, j
quite a different cry sweeps across the Sierra Nevada, i
It is charged by the Freesoilers of California, that near- j
lv every office in that State has been given to pro
slavery men. Hear what one of them says through j
the columns of the N. Y. Tribune :
California Politics.
San Francisco, July 15, 1853. j
I presume that considerable dissatisfaction is expressed I
in certain quarters in the Atlantic States in regard to the
appointments of President Pierce, it being charged that
many of the best offices have been given to the most bit
ter opponents of the Compromise measures, including
Freesoilers and Secessionists. Whatever may be the
cause there, it is the fact here, that the appointments o
the President have been most miserable, both for giving
strength to his party, and for the promotion of domestic
quiet and harmony. The appointments here have been
almost entirely from that wing of the Democratic party,
which were at the time dissatisfied with the Compromise,
and have ever since been engaged in concocting some
scheme for getting cheap labor in California.
California was admitted as a Free State, as a part of
the Compromise measures, yet we have an abundance of
political hacks here professing the strongest approval of
them, who are nevertheless at work, and have been for
years, in trying to effect a division of the State, for the
purpose of making the lower portion of it slave territory.
This would be in direct violation of the Compromise, vet
has nearly all the Government patronage been given by
the President to that wing of the party which is most fa
vorable to these designs.
This wing of the party is, as I shall show', ridiculous
from its arrogance as well as contemptible from its weak
ness. It embraces but a miserable faction of Southern
politicians, who to effect their objects are willing to coa
lesce with Whigs or any body else, and so that they can
get this dear blessiug of Slavery on the Pacific coast they
care not how it is effected or by the aid of what
tion or party.
It is reported that Col. Benton's friends in Missouri
are already preparing to bring him out for the Presi
dency in 1856, against all parties and all Conventions.
Address to tlie People of Georgia.
We find in the Chronicle <f- Sentinel an Address
tc the People of Georgia from A. 11. Stephens and
others, a committee appointed for that purpose by the
convention which nominated Charles J. Jenkins for
Governor. It occupies four columns of that paper, and
is therefore too long for insertion in ours. Otherwise,
we would take pleasure in laying it before our readers.
It will, however, be found in all the Jenkins papers, to
which we refer such of our readers as care to wade
through it. It is not an interesting paper, and is
chiefly devoted to a history of the compromise measures,
with which the whole country is very familiar. It ob
| jeets to the appointment of Abolitionists, to the extrava-
I gant expenditure of the public money, to Internal Im
; provements by the Government, to the construction of
the Pacific Railroad by the Government, and to Foreign
Intervention in the wars and quarrels of other nations.
On all these issues they concur with the Democracy
of Georgia and have come upon our platform. We
feel quite at home there—we are the first occupants,
and claim title to it by right of immemorial possession.
If they can feel at home w ith us, we are sure they shall
receive at our hands a cordial welcome. But as they
have just arrived there, we hope they will behave with
becoming modesty, and not try to dispossess us of our
lawful possessions. Our platform is large enough to
hold us all, and we hope, instead of bickering and strife,
we will all strive to get the balance of the Whig par
ty to get on it also, and that in future, the complicated
affairs of the good people will he conducted on Demo
cratic principles. We congratulate the country upon
the conversion of the Whigs of Georgia to the Demo
cratic faith, and propose that they be sent as missionaries
to their brethren in the other States who yet lie in the
thick darkness of old Federal Whiggery.
But though the committee give good evidence of a
thorough conversion to Democracy, they are very bit
ter against Democrats who hold or are candidates for
office. They want them themselves. This is a leaven of
the old Adam of Whiggery which we hope to see eradi
cated by the time they have gone through a pro
bationary state. It is true, it is unseemly for these
eleventh hour workers to claim precedence over those
veteran Democrats who have borne the heat and burthen
of the day. They will, it is hoped, after a w'hile be
content to take lower seats and spell up. We wonder
they do not see at once that it is preposterous for them
to claim the lead so soon after they have professed
principles which they have all their life long con
demned.
With the general principles, therefore, assserted in
the Address we cordially agree. They are time honor
ed Democratic principles. We will not, therefore, desert
them because Messrs. Toombs and Stephens have
adopted them. They never embraced them until the
principles of the Whig party to which they belonged
were repudiated by the people ; while we have stood
by them for years, and by our zealous advocacy have
made them popular.
The attack upon President Pierce is very fierce,
very unfair, and very unfounded. The Address says:
In the selection of his constitutional advisers, he did not
call to his cabinet a single person who had been identified
with the compromise, either from the North or the South,
nor one whose fidelity to these measures could not be justly
questioned.
Well, suppose he did not, what then ? He called to
his cabinet several persons who had been identified with
the South, both from the North and South, and several
whose fidelity to the South cannot he questioned by
Mr. Stephens himself. When we would like to know,
did devotion to the compromise become the test of or
thodoxy among Southern politicians? The Georgia
Platform Convention submitted to it with a threat. Now
it seems to he the design of the conservatives of Geor
gia to make it the square by which devotion to the
South shall be measured. This is but another evidence
of the of the South to back as the North en
croaches upon her rights. But the Address mistakes
the facts. Messrs. Marct, Campbell and Cushing from
the North, and Guthrie and Dobbin from the South,
were advocates of the compromise. If Cushing ever
opposed the compromise, it was upon the distinct ground
that it robbed the South of her rights—and surely, no
honest Southern man will object to the selection of a
Northern man for a cabinet officer because he is too
zealous a defender of Southern Rights.
Again the Address charges:
His (Pierce’s) policy has been just such as we might have
e.\f>eeted from his cabinet. Hostility to the friends of the
compromise has been its leading characteristic.
The only office conferred upon a Georgian of any
consequence, was given to Henry R. Jackson, a Union
man and very near relative of How ell Cobb, who him
self, it ia said, has been tendered the Mission to France,
and not Dix, as the Address insinuates. James Buch
anan is Minister to England ; the Collectorship at New
York was tendered to Dickinson, who refused it, and
then given to Bronson. Downs is Collector at New
Orleans. These are all Union men, and if time per
mitted, we might indefinitely extend this list. But this
charge is too ridiculous to merit further notice.
The Address asks with an air, whether the Democ
racy of Georgia “are the advocates of this wild and
reckless project of a Government Railroad to the Pa
cific?” and asserts untruly, that “upon this point they
are silent,” and affect to believe that they are the ad
vocates of it. Our own press, the Savannah Georgian ,
the Marietta Advocate, and every other Democratic
paper in the State which has referred to this scheme,
have emphatically condemned it, while the Whig press !
generally in the United States, led by the National In j
telligenrer , have highly commended it. It is more of
a Whig than a Democratic measure. We do not be
lieve Mr. Pierce is in favor of it: and we are morally
certain Mr. H. V. Johnson is opposed to it. This part
of the Address, therefore, is a harmless shot if it was
aimed at the Georgia Democracy, and will only do
execution by rebounding in the faces of the late colleagues
of the gentlemen who aimed it—the Federal Whigs of
the United States. They are the friends of the Pacific
Read. And we are sure there are very many Whigs j
in Georgia who ardently advocate it, and among the j
number is, if we are not mistaken, Ww. Crosby Daw
son, late Senator from this State. We wonder if this j
blow was aimed at him ?
The Address throws the blame of lavish expenditure j
of the public money for the last four years upon the 1
Democracy, because they had a majority in Congress, j
It admits that Fillmore, whom its authors supported,
“did not use his official position to arrest the evil,” but j
extenuates his conduct by the assertion that he “never j
expended a single dollar which was not appropriated by !
Congress.” They forget that the Galphin and other
chains were paid without the sanction of Congress ; that
Fillmore consumed twice as much money as was need
ed in the Capitol extension ; and that he contracted
debts for the removal and support of the army n
the West without authority of Congress, and thus
forced the Democracy either to repudiate or pay them.
But is anything more unfair, than to charge lavish
expenditures upon the Democracy, because they had a
majority in Congress, when it is known that the body
of the Whig party voted for them while the body of the
Democracy voted against them ? We are ainared that
honest men will stoop to so great unfairness, even to hold
up a bad cause.
But we are giving more space to this Address than
it deserves. Its inordinate length will destroy its ef
fect. Busy men have no time to search through a !
bushel of chaff’ for a few grains of wheat.
Tlie Pacific Railroad—Position of the Democ
racy.
While the effort is being made in the South to com- j
mit the Administration to the Pacific Railroad, by the
Conservative party, a directly opposite course is being
pursued at the North by their co-laborers. Hear what
the N. Y. Tribune says:
Such a wjrk must necessarily encounter local jealous
ies and deadly hostility. To be completed within the life
time of the present generation, it must be powerfully aided
by the National Government; and it is not to be denied
nor disguised that the great party now ruling the country
is, by its essential genius as well as by its formal declara
tions, naturally opposed to the National prosecution of
works of internal improvement. The pressure oflocal in
erest or of uumistakable public sentiment may constrain it
o forego this opposition in a particular ease; but the spirit
of hostility, however smothered, will be sure to make it
self felt. The leaders may acquiesce and the locally bene
fited may urge ; but the party as a party will oppose
the railroad so far as it dare. That is an element in the
calculation which cannot be safely overlooked. Whoso
ever arrays himself spontaneously and heartily on the side
of the railroad, will be marked by the Virginia Gracchi
and Cincinnati as of dubious and fishy Democratic ortho
doxy.
Indiana. —The Rev. Wm. Dailey, of Madison, has
been elected President of the State University at
Bloomington.
Congressional Election in the Second District
of Alabama.
The Macon Republican and the Alabama Journal
will neither of them accept our explanation of the caus
es which led to the defeat of Clopton and the election
of Abercrombie in the 2d. District. We may as well
say here, that, in our opiuit>, the lukewarm support,
or rather quasi opposition, of those two Journals to Cap
tain Abercrombie contributed very much to the result
of the election. It drove off’ the Scott Whigs from
him, and confirmed the Southern Rights Democrats in
their purpose of supporting him. This by the way.
In confirmation of our opinion that Captain Aber
crombie owes his election t> the coalition of the Web
ster Whigs and the Southern Rights Democrats, we
submit the following facts.
In Barbour county, Cochran, the Southern Rights
candidate for Congress, beat Abercrombie 456 votes,
two years ago. Abercrombie carried the county this
year against Clorton by 105 votes. Here then is a
gain on Abercrombie's part of 561 votes. Where did
they come from ? It is well known that the leading
Whigs in the county went for Clopton ; and that
Messrs. Pugii, Bullock, Colby, and many other “Dis
unionists,” voted for Abercrombie.
In Henry county, Cochran’s majority two years
ago over Abercrombie, was 130, while Abercrombie’s
majority over Clopton was 427, showing a gain in this
Disunion county of 557 votes—given of course by
“Disunionists.”
In Dale county, Abercrombie got only 11 majori
ty in 1851 ; he eariied the county against Clopton by
488. In Coffee county, Cochiian beat Abercrombie 37
votes in 1851 ; in 1853, Abercrombie beat Clopton
79 votes. In these last mentioned counties, Aber
crombie evidently received the votes of 593 “Dis
unionists.”
So m Montgomery county, Tucker’s Store gave
Abercrombie 120 majority, and Pine Level gave him
70 majority. These were both “Disunion” beats in
1851. But in Montgomery city, a strong Whig pre
cinct, Clopton beat Abercrombie 112 votes.
Wc have already referred to Macon county —the
Whig banner county —where there was a change of
about 1000 agaiust Abercrombie.
These facts speak for themselves. They conclusively
show that Capt. Abercrombie’s election is to be attri
buted to the votes of the Fire Eaters. If they had
voted for Clopton the defection in the Whig ranks in
Macon alone would have ensured his election.
We are not a little amused at the efforts ot the Jour
nal to show, after the election of Capt. Abercrombie,
that he was elevated to his high office by Whig votes,
when it showed so little zeal before the election
to bring up the Whig column to his support when the
canvass was progressing. If the gallant Captain had
been beaten, how different would have been the style
of its editorials! The fact is, the Captain has triumph
ed over his own party; he holds its destiny in his
hands; and hence the labored efforts of the Journal to
conciliate him by the assurance that he owes his elec
tion to the Whig party.
The Journal does not understand the term “Scott
Whigs.” They are commonly known in the second
district of Alabama as the Montgomery clique; they
are Whigs who supported Winfield Scott for Presi
dent of the United States, notwithstanding he was de
nounced by the leaders of the Southern Whigs as the
nominee of the Abolition wing of the Whig party.—
They are now particularly engaged in denouncing the
Abolition and Freesoil appointments of Pierce, though
their own candidate announced in his letter of accep
tance, that he would confer office upon ;my body who
supported him, be fie pro-slavery or anti-slavery, free
soiler or abolitionist.
Free Negroes—The rale ol’ increase among
them.
The average decennial increase of white persons in
the United States has been 35,67 per cent., nearly one
third part of which has arisen from the immigrat ion of
foreigners into the country. This w ill make the natural
increase of the w’hite population average 25 per cent, in
every ten years since 1790.
Very different are the statistics of the increase of tlie
free colored population. Up to 1840 there was a very
large increase of free negroes, arising from the man
umission of slaves by kind hearted masters at the South.
Since .1840 manumission has almost entirely censed, except
in a few of the border states. We must therefore look to
the decade between 1840 and 1850 to ascertain the
rate of increase among the free colored population. In
the free Slates, the increase has amounted during this
time to only 12,94 per cent.; and 10,11 per cent, in the
slave holding States—averaging 11,23 per cent . in the
United States. There is no means of ascertaining ac
curately the accession to the free colored population
from the ranks of the slaves. The estimated loss to
the slave Slates for the decade between 1840 and 1850
by manumission aud escapes exceeds the increase of the
free colored in the slave holding States by nearly three
thousand, and their increase in tlie free States 2.675,
and reduces the increase of free negroes in the United
States to less than 5 per cent.
The above statistics are taken from De Bow’s Re
view, and may therefore be regarded reliable.
Here then is developed the astounding fact that
while the while race increases naturally at the rate of
25 per cent . iu every 10 years, the free colored popu
lation increases only at the rate of 5 per cent, during tlie
same time.
When white laborers become more abundant, and
the pressure is increased by competition, there can be
no doubt but that the increase of the free colored pop
ulation will continue to decrease until the number of
births w ill he less than the number of deaths among
them, and that free negroes will disappear from the
United States
This is a very singular state of things, but is very
easily explained. It is well known that free negroes
are generally mongrel, and that mongrel races arc not
as prolific as pure blooded people. But the chief cause
of their dc?eline is the vicious habits in which they in
dulge, their extreme destitution, and lamentable igno
rance. It is generally conceded by the Northern press
that the free blacks are the most depraved, corrupt and
abandoned class in all their cities. And there is no
fact better established than that vice is inconsistent
with increase of population.
This then is the end of Abolition—the total exter
mination of the colored race. Well may these edious
fanatics be called the fiends of politics. They
indulge in fiendish hate to the humane master, they en
deavor to develope fiendish passions in the breasts of the
slave towards their best and only friends, and the boon
they tender them in exchange is—annihilation as a peo
ple. Contrast with this picture the condition of the
slave. From 1800 to 1810 the increase of slaves in the
United States was 35,79 fyer cent. During the last
forty years the decennial increase has been 33,42 per
cent. The discrepancy in the two periods is explained
by the existence of the slave trade up to ISOS. For
the last forty years the increase has been by births
alone; and show’s an excess of 8 per cent, over their
masters. As far, therefore, as the physical condition of
a race may be gathered from an increase of population,
and there is no surer test, the slaves are better off than
their masters.
Mr. James Gardner.
We are happy to learn that this gentleman has re
turned from the North, and will in a few days resume
his editorial chair.
Another Incendiary Attempt.
On Wednesday night last, an attempt was made to
set fire to an out house in the rear of Mr. Durr’s Store,
but was fortunately discovered in time to prevent dam
age.
Capt . Gibson's Case . —Capt. Gibson, the recently
liberated prisoner of the Dutch authorities at Java, is
said to be engaged at Washington making out a brief
of his case for presentation to the President at the next
Cabinet meeting. Mr. Belmont, it is asserted, has al
ready been instructed to make the case a matter of in
quiry at the Hague, and it is probable will receive ad
ditional instructions looking to positive action. Capt.
Gibson, according to the statement of a Washington
correspondent, desires the enforcement of his claim for
.'5)82,1 00 damages awarded him by the Dutch Court.
When this point is disposed of, he will ask to be sus
tained in his right to grant made him, by one of the
Dutch East Indian Princes, of a large and valuable
coal region, from which, he says, he can supply a supe
rior quality of fuel at four dollars per ton.— Baltimore
American.
T. lb King.
This gentleman lias published a letter in the N. Y.
Times , denying the charge that he was indebted to the
Government as collector at San Francisco. He says
his accounts were thoroughly examined by Mr. Secreta
ry Corwin, and fully approved. Without pretending
to decide upon the guilt or innocence of Mr. King, we
may be allowed to add that the eves of the present cabi
net are much sharper than those of their predecessors.
Jno. M. llerrien.
This honored statesman has addressed a letter to tlie
Georgia Citizen , requesting the editor to withdraw his
name as a candidate for Governor. He is a personal
friend and relation, we believe, of Mr. Jenkins. The
Judge also denies that Jenkins is “the Toombs candi
date.” For all that, the Citizen will not support him.
It says, “The disaffected Scott Whigs—the justly indig
nant Scott Whigs—the unjustly spit upon Scott
Whigs, who have any personal self-respect left inside
their cuticles, will let him alone severely
Dr. Jno. W. Lewis,
This gentleman has withdrawn his name as a candi
date for Congress in the sth District. He will, we pre
sume, give his cordial support to the Democratic nomi
nee. This intelligence is particularly gratifying at this
time, as it is another evidence that the party in Chero
kee Georgia has been thoroughly harmonised.—
When Cherokee does her duty, the Democratic ban
ner always waves over a victorious field.
Texas Election.
The returns are not complete. It is, however, pro
bable that Pkasf. is elected Governor, Dickson Lieut.
Governor, and Bell, Representative in Congress from
the Galveston District. They are all, we believe,
Democrats.
Health of Texas. —The Galveston News says, the
health of the city is unusually good.
[From the Baltimore Times.]
Washington Rumors.
Washington, Aug. 19.
The President and Cabinet are in trouble about the
French Mission. The President has undoubtedly
promised it to Dix, who, it is confidently alleged, will
not exonerate the President. A Committee of New
Yorkers has been here pressing George Bancroft for
France, but this finds little favor at the White House.
Caleb Cushing is named for the same position. The
President is strongly inclined to appoint Robert M.
McLane, as Minister resident at Constantinople, but in
fluential Marylanders warmly oppose it. Me Lane is
now in Paris. Judge Young, of Illinois, former IT. S.
Senator, and once Clerk of the House of Representa
tives, lias been appointed to visit Mincsota and investi
gate, with Gov. Gorman, the alleged Indian frauds.—
This office was tendered by the President to Harry M.
Walters, ofTenn., and declined by him. John Talliafer
ro—aged about 85, and twenty odd years Member of
Congress from Virginia, and for the last three years
Librarian of the Treasury Department—died at his
residence in Virginia. He was a most amiable and pa
triotic gentleman. The Secretary of the Treasury was
waited on to-day by a distinguished person, represent
ing the wishes of the merchants of New York. This
gentleman stated that the money market was extreme
ly stringent, and requested the Secretary to part with
funds from the Sub-Treasury on hypothecated stocks.
The Secretary was not to be moved, but remained in
exorable. G. W. Manypenny, Commissioner of Indian
Affairs, and Colonel Clements, have been appointed to
visit and negotiate with the Nebraska Indians. The
party left this evening. Major Bryant, the New
Marshal of Missouri, accompanies them as far as St.
Louis. George Saunders has not yet been coimnis
sioned. Henry T. Stanton, Blair Laurie, and Wm.
A. Richardson, clerks in the Third Auditor’s office,
have been removed for absence without leave. Efforts
are making to create the impression that the Pacific
Railroad is an Administration measure, but the better
opinion is, lhat the views put forth by Davis and Guth
rie will be maintained. Major Mordeeai, of the Gar
diner Mine Commission, is expected to return to-morrow.
The report will be adverse to Gardiner. No trace of
the mines eould be found. This is the accredited
Vicksburg , Shreveport and Texas Railroad. —The
Shreveport Democrat , of Thursday last, says :
We are informed by Mr. Tournadre that he is pro
ceeding with the final location of the railroad track be
tween Shreveport and the Texas line. Several of his
hands have been sick ; otherwise, the location by this
time would have been completed. We are happy to
learn that there is no difficulty in getting the right of
way from our planters. In about two weeks, contracts
for clearing and grubbing will be let out, and immedi
ately thereafter advertisements will be inserted in tin*
papers inviting proposals for grading, &c. ‘Hie cost
of the track will not exceed the original estimate.—
Responsible parties near the line of the road have al
ready made known their wish to undertake heavy con
tracts.
W e now regard the success of this great work be
yond a reasonable doubt. Subscriptions to a large
amount have already been obtained, and still they are
daily increasing on the whole line from Vicksburg to
Texas.
Health of Macon. —We are informed by our medi
cal friends that Macon never was healthier than at
present —there being no epidemic of any character in
the city, and very little, if any fever. While our friends
in New York have been sweltered to death with the
intense heat, and sometimes sixty a day of her citizens
destroyed by sun stroke, we have been luxuriating un
der a gentle temperature of 80 to 85° at the highest.
We respectfully suggest to our Northern friends the
propriety of making the city of Macon their summer
resort in future.— Macon Telegraph.
Rains and Crops. —The abundant rains we have
had during the past month have so completely brought
out our previously unpromising corn crop, as to banish
all farof a scarcity. Although our farmers will pro
bably nt realize an average crop, yet with their large
quantity of old corn still in the State, there must he an
abundant supply for all necessary purposes. The In
dian Hirn crop in Tennessee, Kentucky and other
in States, we learn, is an immense one. This,
with the piomising yield of peas, sweet potatoes, and
other minor crops, and our rapidly increasing railroad
connection with the West, must make com rule at
very moderate prices this fall and winter.— Macon
Telegraph.
More Trouble Expected in St. Domingo. The
good understanding that has long subsisted between
Gen. Santa Ana, President of the Dominican Republic,
and Ex-President Baez, it is said, has been suddenly
interrupted, by a decree of the former. Baez is de
clared guilty of treason agaiust the Republic, and exiled
from its territory. No particulars of the alleged of
fence for which this sentence has been passed upon the
Ex-President are given, but it is feared that tlie quar
rel likely to result between the partis ins of Santa Ana
and Baez, will endanger the peace and independence of
Dominica.
Tennessee Election. —Full returns of the late elec
tion in Tennessee show that five Whigs and four
Democrats have been elected to Congress. Johnson,
the Democratic candidate for Governor, has a majori
ty of 2,216 votes. The State Senate stands thirteen
Democrats and twelve Whigs, and the House forty-four
Whigs and thirty-one Democrats.
OTy” John J. Gi Ist rap is announced in the Atlanta
Republican as a candidate to represent the 4th Con
gressional District in the next Congress of the United
States.
Two ships arrived at Baltimore on the Bth inst., with
full cargoes of guano, which is much in request in that
part of the country.
Another Guano Island. —It is stated that a large
supply of guano has been found on an island in the In
dian Ocean, between Mauritius and Calcutta, and that
some of the samples arc of a superior quality. The
island is stated to be twenty mile* long and several
broad, and covered in every part. Should the expec
tations thus raised be fulfilled, it will be a serious mat
ter fc* Peru.
Relief for the Sufferers.
The Committee appointed to collect money for the reliel
of the sufferers in New Orleans, by the Mayor ol Savannah,
have reported as in hand, the sum of 51,624 75. There are
several Sub-committees to hear from.
From Charleston, S. C., 51,784 50 have been sent to the
relief of the sufferers through the. office of the Charleston
Courier.
Escape of the Lady Suffolk. —It is stated that the
slave ship, the Lady Suffolk, alias Eclipse, alias Mary,
lias escaped from the hands of the Cuban authorities at
Laguna de Terminos, and is again at large on the
ocean to carry on the pursuits of her owner, i. e. to en
gage again in the English “apprentice system.*’
A Washington dispatch says it is understood that Mr.
T. Butler King, who is now in that city, has failed to
satisfy Secretary Guthrie in relation to the charges re
cently published concerning his administration of the
San Francisco collectorship.
Gov. Cobb has appointed the Hon. W. W. Holt,
Judge of the Superior Court of the Middle Circuit, vice
the lion. A. J. Miller, resigned.
Hopkins Holsey, Esq., is announced as a candidate
for Congress in the Sixth Congressional District. This
makes live candidates in that District.
Cumberland, Md., Aug. 19.
Tlie Cholera has broken out at Cumberland, Md.
The deaths on Wednesday last numbered 14. It is
now subsiding.
Four editors in New Orleans have died victims to
the yellow fever—two of the Picayune, one of the Delta,
and one of the Crescent.
Gen. Lamar. —We are proud to learn that the
report circulated some days ago of the death of Gen.
Lamar, ot Texas, is not correct. A letter, from him,
has been received in this city, dated on the 3d of Au
gust, which is subsequent to tlie date of the report of
his death.— Telegraph.
North Carolina Election. —The delegation in the
next Congress will stand as follows:
Ist District, H. M. Shaw, Dein.
2d “ Thos. Ruffin, “
3d “ W. S. Ashe, “
4th “ Sion 11. Rogers, Whig,
sth “ John Kerr, “
6th “ R. C. Puryear, “
7th “ Burton Craigo, Dem.
Bth “ Thos. L. Clingman, Dem.
T. 11. Kmg ? s Accounts.
in a letter to the Secretary of the Treasury, Mr.
Frank Ward exposes the conduct of T. B. King, Mr.
Fillmore’s Collector at San Francisco, and concludes
his developments with the following statement, which,
if true, will indelibly disgrace him :
The next is the Lighterage Account, upon which you
have asked for information. As regards these accounts,
I must state that the former storekeeper, Col. Worth,
would not sign them, and they were paid without his
signature. This was told me a short time after my receiv
ing the appointment as storekeeper. 1 then examined
each account, and found that there were some goods
whose lighterage had been charged over aud over again
even in the same account; and I also found that one
account had been extended several pages, by having the
oath taken off, and the amount carried lor ward.
These accounts were not in the custom house when I
left San Fran< isoo. 1 beg to give you a copy of the amounts
paid and tlie amounts collected, and due to this account, and
l must also say that when I sent to Mr. Saffarans to ac
count for the overcharge ol $74,000, lhat hesent his young
man to my office, who told me that Mr. Saffarans had not
received the money, and that Mr. King would not make
any complaint against Mr S. I told this to Mr. King and
there was an cud to all complaint against Mr. S.
There was also a charge made by Mr. Sanders against
Mr. Green, Deputy Collector, for taking from the custom
house export bonds, which caused Mr. Sanders lo remove
Mi*. Green; and as this corresponds nee was sent to the
late Secretary of the Treasury, 1 should be pleased if you
were to read it.
1 have tlie honor to remain, with much respect, your
obedient servant, FRANK WARD.
Hon. James GuthHie, Secretary of the Treasury,
Washington.
AMOUNTS PAID FOR LIGHTERAGE TO SHEI.I)EN AND
SAFFARANS. 0
Quarter ending March 31, 1851 $5,077 21
“ June 30, “ 35,677 00
“ Sept. 30, “ 39,500 OO
“ Dec. 31, “ 26,600 00
“ March 31,1852 5'901 00
“ June 30, “ 5,670 00
Total $118,425 21
AMOUNTS COLLECTED FOR LIGHFERAGK.
From April 1,1851, to June 30, 1852, $21,935
Burned in fire, May 3d and 4th, 1851, 9,500
Unclaimed goods sold 10,600
“ “ unsold 303
Seized goods unsold 1,631
Amount overpaid $74,396 21
[FOR THE TIMES AND SENTINEL.]
Montgomery and Union Springs Rail Road.
In the Alabama Journal of the 19th inst., we notice an
article from the pen of A. A. Dextf.r, Esq., in the shape of
a letter to some of the prominent citizens of Montgomery,
the object of which seemed to be rather to persuade tlie
citizens of Mobile to apply their means to the benefit of
Montgomery, than to secure the Union Springs road. And
ibis i< to be attained by an application of the Mobile sub
scription to the Mobile and Montgomery Railroad; after
which, we suppose, the Union Springs connection will be
made.
Now the entire weight ot the article depends upon the
completion of the link from Union Springs to Montgome
ry, which, wc think, will never be completed, for the fol
lowing reasons:
The distance by location of the Girard Rail Road from
Columbus to Union Springs is about 50 miles, while the
distance on an air line from that point to Montgomery is
33} miles, and by Rail Road it would be at least 45 miles
A connection of the two roads at Union Springs is imprac
ticable in consequence of the difficulty in ascending the
Ghunnenuggee Ridge, the general elevation ol which
from 250 to 300 feet above the streams on the North and
West making into the Alabama and Tallapoosa rivers,
and which is higher at Union Springs than any other point,
if the water courses or the eye be a correct indication. The
Conecuh river, rising seven or eight miles to the East of
Union Springs, flows westwardly until it reaches this point
where it turns abruptly to the South, thus indicating the
greater elevation of the country; and this indication is con
firmed by an examination of tlie ground, which presents a
steep bluff', with no ridge making up to the Springs of suffi
cient elevation to sustain a rail road line. There are only
two points on the western side of the ridge from Chunne-
Huggee to a point below Greenville at which the ascent
could be made with easy grades ; one is near Sandy
Ridge P. O. in Lowndes county on tlie line of the Pensa
cola and Montgomery Railroad, and another at Fort Dale
in Butler upon the line of a road from Montgomery to Mo
bile. We may then suppose that a calculation upon an air
line in such a country would fall lar short of the actual dis
tance by Railroad, and tlie difference in distances would
probably he 25 miles against the Montgomery connection of
15, as Mr. Dexter supposes. Furthermore, the probability
is very remote that Montgomery,even ifsbe were in earnest
in tlie matter, could now reach Union Springs far ahead of
Columbus, and save the forty thousand bags of cotton
which are annually booked at that city.
In addition to the natural obstacles to the speedy com
pletion of this road, we presume others equally as formida
ble would present themselves.
The construction of 25 miles of Railroad would connect
Union Springs with Montgomery by a branch from the
West Point road, and this is the route by which the con
nection will be made, if made at all. The necessity for
the Columbus and Montgomery roads entering Union
Springs upon the same level would not then exist, for the
two roads differ several inches in the width of track and
the engines and cars of one could not be run upon the other.
This branch road would secure the interest of the West
Point Railroad company, comprising many of the wealth
iest and most influential citizens of the city and county ot
Montgomery, who would certainly oppose a parallel road,
the construction of which would dry up effectually their
resources by taking off three-iourths of the way business
and by shortening the through distance from four to ten
miles over a better track.
A subscription from Savannah, tlie Central, South Wes
tern and Muscogee Railroads to the Girard Railroad equal
in amount to that which the city of Montgomery alone
must make to the Union Springs Railroad would ensure its
completion in three years from the Gulf to the Chattahoo
chee. We believe that the parties in interest will not allow
an indirect connection to be made to their prejudice where
the use of their credit alone would prevent it. The only
argument in favor of the divergence by Montgomery, is the
insufficiency of means to supply the link from Union
Springs to Greenville; “it is the first step only which costs’
and the rich cotton lands of Pike, the lower part of Mont
gomery, Lowndes, and tlie eastern part of Butler will con
tribute equally with the oilier counties to swell tlie freight
list of the Girard and Mobile Railroad. If the short sight
ed policy ol the connection by Montgomery were adopted,
there is wealth enough in these counties and their necessi
ties would force them to supply the link from Union Springs
to Greenville,thereby giving Mobile a larger trade by de
veloping the resources of a country now not thickly settled
but lar from unproductive, which would he left in its pres
ent inaccessible condition by Mr. Dexter’s plan, while she
would retain all which the Alabama river now brings to
her wharves ; the navigation of the Alabama not befhg af
lected in the least by the construction of the Girard Railroad
on the direct line. The determined purpose which already
has secured 50 miles of the Girard Road will complete the
pr< ject. and that in good time. The violent opposition
with which it meets is the surest proof of the strength of its
position to command trade and travel.
When the Guard road was getting under way, wo were
told that plank roads to Union Springs and Greenville were
superior to Railroads. Would not a plank road supnly the
present necessity ? H.
Practice of Shoeing Horses.
Mr. Charles Percival, Veterinary Surgeon of the
Royal Artillery, furnishes the following communi
cation to one ol the Dublin papers:
1 have lately been devoting much attention tu
shoeing, and flatter myself that the horses under
my care are as well shed ns any in her Majesty’.,
service. ,
Th3 shoe 1 found in use here was made concave
next to the footand flat on the ground surface,than
which, in my opinion, nothing could be w rse.
This shoe I have had reversed, making the latter as
concave as the foot will possibly admit of, leavinir
only sufficient room between the shoe and the foot
for the pricker to pass freely round to remove dirt,
Ac. To the heels of the shoe I have given tin in
clined planeoutwardfon tlie foot surface, with three
nails on the inside, and four on the outside. The
heels instead of being cut off straight are well slo
ped, and about tlie same thickness as the toe. Tlie
shoe one-third as thick at the heel as the toe, re
commended by the late professor, the majority of
our lurses could not travel in. There are many
pernicious practices which smiths in general, if left
to themselves, tall into, viz.:
1. Mutilating the frogs by improper cutting,
have at length got my farriers to understand that
the only part of the frog which ever requires cut
ting, unless ragged, is the point, to prevent the
sensible frog being bruised between it and the eof
fin bene.
2. Inflicting serious injury to the crust by an im
proper use of the rasp, but especially tlie coarse
side of it.
3. In fitting the shoes, by cutting too much out of
the crust at the toe to admit the clip. The shoe is
consequently set too far back, inst ad of being fit
ted full to the crust, and afterwards rasping away
the crust, making the foot, in fact, to fit the shoe
instead of the shoe to fit the foot. This is a faulty
practice, and vety seriously so, which smiths in
general are very apt to fall into ; one, too, which
renders the crust shelly, for that part into which
the nails a’ e driven from time to time, is in this way
rendered weak.
4. In turning shoes, smiths in general do not at
tend sufficiently to beveling or sloping the edge of
the shoe from the foot to the ground surface, which
I consider of great importance, especially if
horses are given to cut or interfere m ti-eir action.
5. Cutting the heels of the shoe off straight.
This is also a very bad practice. If well sloped,
like a shoe for hunting, to which there cannot he
any objections, they are less liable to Le pulled
off by the hind shoes catching in them and con
tribute more to the safety of both horse and
rider.
6. Leaving the inner edge of the hind shoes at
the toe sharp, which if rounded will in a great
measure prevent over-reaches, as well a.s render
the sere shoes less liable to be pulled off by their
catching in the heels of theformei. Squaring the
toe of the hind shoes for horses that forge or “car
ry the hammer and pincers,” as it is termed, leav
ing the horn projecting over the shoe, is, in my
opinion,good as a general rule, not only preventing
that unpleasant noise, but rendering horses less li
able to over-reach, and pull off their fore slices,
provided, however, intention bo paid to rounding
he inner edge.
7. In rasping the under part of the clinches, far
riers ate very apt to apply the edge of the rasp im
properly to the crust, forming a deep groove round
the same, which cannot but be injurious to the foot,
and together with taking away too much of the
crust in finishing off” the foot, must have a ten
dency lo render it shelly. Curving the shoo at
the tee, after the French fashion, where horses
go near the ground, 1 am very fond of, but I
cannot see any advantage in it as a general
practice.
Let the Tariff be Lowered.
The National Intelligencer, a few days s-nec, contain
ed the following paragraph :
Tim Overflow of thk TaEASuav. — There is now a
surplus of within a fraction of .-522,00(1,000 in the Treasu
ry, notwithstanding the Secretary is redeeming 13. S.
.Stocks and otherwise paying the public debt as lar as the
law will allow him. Thus it appears that the Govern
ment's revenues tiro increasing so l-npidiy as that the pub
lic debt is being fast extinguished without materially de
creasing the amount of c-asb on band. What will Con
gress do with this surplus? Will it not be a very bane
to the real interests of the .States ? The fear is that it will
be regarded merely ns so much plunder, to be squabbled
lor by a horde of sharp men, each of whom will keep a
tree doggery here next winter to aid their operations on
the members.
L'pon which the New York Evening Coat thus speaks -
As surely as breaking tlie neck brings death, so surely
will an exeessof revenue in tlie treasury beget corruption.
We are glad that the Intelligencer sees the evil in such
extent us it has stated it, and perceiving it, we hope that
journal will join with us in demanding the antidote. The
only one which the case admits, is to diminish the reve
nue annually collected, to staunch the sources of this
| overflow, which the Intelligencer finds so pernicious.—
The rev nue laws must be taken to anew draught- the
burdens borne by the people must be lightened; we
must take off the duties from all articles which there
is any convenience in admitting free, and ruluce them
on all the remainder. That is the true remedy for
the evil; who is prepared to apply it with a firm and un
shrinking hand ? There is a considerable party here
ready for this reform ; there is a large party tit the west;
there is—at least, there was, and we hope t here is now
a strong party at the South.
We believe that weean very confidently say that, were
the question now- opened, there would very soon be found at
the South a stronger party in favor of a reduction of the
Tariff of 184 G, than existed among us seven years since
in favor of tlie reduction of that of 1842. Among
Southern Democrats we imagine that there would lie
heard scarcely a dissenting voice. Not but that they ful
ly appreciate the great reform brought about bv Mr.
folk’s administration. The ad valorem principle embo
died in that bill will make the Tariff of ‘4O one of the
most memorable acts ever placed upon our statute hooks.
But the good work was only commenced b. Messrs.
I’olk anil Walkcr. They did whai was proper to be
done sever, years since. Were they now in the position
which they then held, none, we believe, would be more
anxious than tliey to take another step in the direction
of free trade.
We have spoken ol Southern Democrats. Hut we
shall not be surprised to find the great body of the Whigs
ol the South the advocates of a lower tariff, whenever
-the question tomes up for discussion. Not a few- of them
were formerly Nullifiers, and of course free trade men.
They have no affection for the Tariff of'46, because it
was a Democratic measure ; consequently feel no dispo
sition to defend and maintain it. They will, probably
enough, fall back upon their own principles, and aid any
movement which promises to carry them out.
Let not, then, the next Congress adjourn without an
effort to stay the flood of corruption which threat
ens destruction to the morals of the country, by
lessening the revenues of the government. Diminish
the supplies by lowering the people’s taxes. It is their
money with which the treasury is overflowing. It is due
to them that as less is needed, less should be collected,
than they now pay. Months since we took our position
‘in favor of a reduction of the Tariff. The voters of the
country, whose interests are at stake, should demand it of
their representatives. —Mobile Register.
The Custom-house Frauds at Sax Fkanvisc o.
—Amongst the documents ordered to be printed by
tlie Senate at its special session was the report of
(lilbert Hodman, Esq., who was sent to San Fran
cisco by Mr. Meredith as special agent to investi
gate the frauds alleged to have been committed by
the late collector, James Collier, Esq. This report
discloses a series ot the most astounding violations
of law in the fraudulent appropriations of the public
money by the collector at San Francisco that hare
ever been brought lo light.
Front Mr. Rodman’s first letter, dated August
loth, 1850, we are enabled to make the following
statements:
In mosr of the cases of seizures if French ves
sels and their cargoes for alleged violations of the
navigat o i act of 1817, the vessels had been restored
in obedience to instructions from the department;
but the cargoes had been sold, mostly at private
sale, by Mr. Collier, prior to tlie reception of in
structions lor the restoration of cargoes. The
books ot Mr. Collier showed no account of these
sales, and he failed to furnish any to Mr. Rodman,
attaches to his report a sworn statement by J. IS.
Euckei, from which it appears that he purchased
from Herman 11. Green, the known agent in behalf
of the collector, ad the seized and unclaimed goods
and merchandise in the custody ufihe said codec
tor as aforesaid, and that lie aftet wards joined with
him in the purchase one Edward Byrne ; tlu-y
were to get the goods at the lowest market price,
anti the said Herman H Green teas to receive on--
third of the profits made on said giods ; that the
said Byrne aftetwards bought out the in erest of
said Green at eight thousand dollars in cash : that
the amount paid by Ruckel and Byrne forthegoods
was $21,0(30, ami lhat upon the sale of them they
realized a profit of about $20,000. From all liic’h
it appears that the collector, through his agent, Mr.
Green, pocketed eight thousand dollars as his share
of the speculation, jn addition to the $21,000 paid
for the goods by Messrs. Ruckel and Byr-ie. These
tacts are also verified by the siatetnnm of Mr.
Byrne, which is also attached to Mr. Rodman’s rc
poit. Mr. Byrne says that he knows that the pro
ceeds of said goods, amounting to $21,000, “went
into the use and possession of James Collier.”