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From the Georgia Citizen. Freights and Charges. Columbus, Sept. 21, 1853. Dr. L. F. W. Andrews : Dear Sir.—Sometime ago you published an article from me caiing the attention of the mer chants of your city, to the shipment of their goods purchased in New Orleans via Apalachi cola and Columbus, to which subject l promised to refer again before the business season opened. 1 have now the pleasure of enclosing you a list of FreightsandchargesviaApalachicolaand Colum bus and also via Savannah, according to those of last season, which I presume will be adopted this. If there are any variations in the rates, it will be in favor of this route, from the fact that we have an increase of Boats and those of lar ger capacity than those last season, which were ample for the trade. You will perceive that 1 have allowed commisions for forwarding at each port. lam aware that the agent of the Central Road at Savannah makes no charge for forwarding. I am also informed that the Com mission Merchants of Apalachicola and Col umbus, are willing to forward goods at each port destined for Macon and other places for half commissions. I have to regret that the Muscogee and South Western Roads do not manifest that liberal spirit that the Central Road does in transportation of freights, as the charges of the former are 28 cts. per hundred pounds to Macon, a distance less than one hundred miles, while the latter is only 35 cts. nearly double the distance. 1 have made no charge of Insurance. 1 did not consider it necessary as. the rates are the same, being 1 D4 per cent,— There is but little difference in the aggregate ex penses, only in time and interest. The usual.tiine required in loading a vessel in _\. Orleans for Sa vannah, isfidays,average timeatsea 25 days, and 2 days to unload at Savannah. When'fifteen days would be considered a long passage via Apalachicola and Columbus including the time of loading and discharging. Freights and Ex-j I JJ 3 ? ® I ? H Freight & Expen-| I *73 | O 131 | neuses upon! S. 5 2. 3 5 I ®. ‘• ses upon goods ® 3 £ & ! goods shipped! % 3. * | MS- ! shipped via Sa- §- ! | ! ‘S S. ! via Appalachi | “ §. S 33. | “ vannali, to Ma-| Zi j_ 5 ~ cola and Co- o 5” ® a, S’ o con, Ga. ? s- • £-> ° lnmbasto Ma- U, 9 Z. ” 2 H £ ! ! t ‘S. cou ' iia ’ If §5 S| g i B ! ? g I j? “ a ! i g i o i 3, § I “ f “ j o_ jJL ii : I hhd. Sugar 1,-| 1 i I 1 hhd. Sugar 12(X)[ I 300 lbs. 2 50 50 2 50 15 50 3 30 9 81 lbs. 4 00 50 50 4 20 0 20 I- do Bacon 800 | j 1 do. Bacon 800 lbs : 3 5044040. 40 2 80 7 10! lbs. 2 00 402 00 40! 25 2 24 7 29 1 barrel Molasses! I 1 barrel Molas- | * j 500 lbs. 1 25! 12 15 1 75:3 27* ses 500 lbs. 50 12 73 12 10 1 40 2 99 1 do. Whiskey,! 1 barrel Whis- •; 350 lbs. ‘ 100 12 12 1 23 2 47 key 350 lbs. 50 12 50 12l 10 98 2 32 1 do. Flour 200 1 t>l>l. Flour 30 J i :| lbs. 80 10 12 70 1 72 lbs. 10 12 40 10 10 5G 1 68 I Sugar is as often brought for $2 00 per Hogshead to Apalachicola, and-$2 00 up the River as is charged higher. 1 have shipped Ba con at @1 75 to Apalachicola, and 81 50 to Columbus, the rates charged are, the printed River rates in Bills ot Lading, they often in sert at regular rates or 10 to 25 per cent, less than regular rates, as the Merchants and ‘Boat men agree. Yours, dec., L. Harry K. W. Hill. It is stated in a funeral discourse pronoun ced at New Orleans by Rev. J. C. Keener that this benevolent gentleman gave away for be nevolent causes during his life time, the im mense sum of two hundred thousand dollars The following passages from Mr. Keener’s dis course are full of interest and will be read with pleasure by many of our readers : He was by emphasis the .Methodist preacher’s friend ; and I would write it on his tombstone as his epitaph. When a young man, just starting in business, he for the first lime paid the deficiency of the quarterage of the circuit preacher— Bishop Paine. Since then lie lias paid much quarterage, bor some years the Texas Conference and someone or two other Conferences were au thorized to draw on him for deficiencies in the support of their preachers. Bishop McKendry found, in the close ot his life a permanent home in the house of Mr. Hill, and there he spent the most part of it. He has given to the gray hairs and weary limbs of the present Senior Bishop ot our Church, the venerable Soule and his wife, a borne of their own to rest in, and after fifty years of itinerant toil. And many other such things has he done. Very many Methodist preachers felt rich in knowing that he was rich; for somehow it seem ed that .vliat he had they had, that inextremitv he would help—that in case of their death, he would take care of wife and children, and not see them suffer. This gathering about one the confidence of Ministers ol the Gospel was a noble use of wealth. Mr. 11. was pioud to be reckoned the Itinerant s triend ; be bad a noble ambition to bo felt at his hearth and in his heart. He and Ins wife were never ashamed of their brethren. No matter bowgrand the occasion and the company, the circuit preacher had the place of honor, if other people were too proud to be Methodists, they were too proud to be anything else. I may say a more unpretending family I never knerv’ they affected nothing, attempted nothing but to be just what they were. Asa proper consequence of this, Mr. Hill was the intimate acquaintance of Bishops .Mc- Kendry, Andrew r. .and Soule, of Dr. Bascom, Douglass, McMahon, Greene, Stevenson, [fan ner, Pitts, and many others, the first minds and the best preachers our church has produced.— He often declared himself greatiy indebted lo the Methodist pulpit for what general knowl edge ho had ; never having had more than tyve years at an old field school, he learned in the con- gregation. When it was certain that he must die, he was asked whether he felt any fear of death? He answered, “No, no, no.’ 1 And again, whether he felt prepared to go ? He replied, that he was “ready and willing lo die that lie was “at ‘peace, with God and all mankind.” “Peace’’— expressive word ! After the care and conflict ot busy - life—at peace with everybody ! Happy the man who can at last feel it. “At peace u ith God”—well had he learned that, “Being justi fied by faith, we have peace with God, through our Lord Jesus Christ.” Marcy on the Kosta Affair. New Yokk, Sept. 27. Secretary Marcy’s official letter to Mr. Hui semann in relation to the case of Kosta has been discussed in the Cabinet. It is a long and powerful document. It as serts Kosta’s right to the protection of the Uni ted States, and justifies Capt. Ingraham’s sum mary proceedings as necessary to repel an act of war committed by tho Austrian Consul and captain in a neutral port. The Administration is highly offended at the course pursued by Collector Bronson and Dis trict Attorney Connor, of New Yoik, in pub lishing letters favoring the policy of the Hunk ers. Both gentleman will undoubtedly be removed. mtß nm* StvAmd. _ columbus,” Georgia. TUESDAY KORNING, OCT. 11, 1853. MUSCOGEE COUNTY. : O J s G 2 1 G ! H cr | p 5’ ■ 5* j p| ‘ • : I For Governor. Johnson. 581 129 44 122 22 901 Jenkins. 6951 28 63 118 71 975 For Congress. Colquitt. 600 131 36 120 22’ 912 Johnson. 651 26 67 121 67; 932 For Senate. Sturgis. 594, 132 41 116 20 903 Wales. 618: 27 59 113 71 888 For. Re PSESESTATIVES. McDonald. 587’ 114 33 106 12 852 Crawford. 526* 121 37 116 23 823 Thornton. 690* 23 59 110 68 ‘ 950 Wooldridge. 502 23 58 118 76 777 Bethune. 157 25 7 5 1 195 Judge Superior Court. Worrill. 1068* 155 100 226 82 1631 Judge Inferior Court. Patterson. 469- 135* 37* 113 16 770 Ferguson. 1 618 18, 14* 112 65 827 J i__! TELEGRAPHIC. EXPRESSLY FOR. THE TIMES & SENTINEL. The very J.atesl. Hailey Elected. Macon, Oet. 8. The official vote sent to Milledgeville has been ex amined, and shows that Entity is elected by 20 votes. Macon, October 8, 7 1-2 o’clock, P. M. Johnson’s majority in Irwin is 276. and unless Clinch gives Jenkins more than that, Johnson is elected. He is 760 votes ahead, with Clinch to hear from. Seward is 221 votes ahead of Bartow, and Clinch to hear from. Complexion of the legislature. The Legislature iB Democratic o.i joint ballot by 30 majority. In the Senate 13, and in the House 17. The Governor’s Election. We give the official and telegraphic returns from ull the counties in the State except two. The returns have been verified as far as possible by reference to local pa pers and private advices. We believe our list is .-.a correct as can ha obtained at. this time. In the 97 counties heard from Johnson’s majorities ate; 8.799 Jenkins’ “ ““ S.SO6—7 ahead. In the county of Irarirt the majority of Towns over Hill in 1849 was 296. In the counly of Clinch the whig majority in the congressional race between Jack son ana Hopkins in ISSI was 161. If these two coun ties vole in this election as they did in the elections above mentioned, Johnson is elected Governor of Geor gia by a majority of one hundred and twenty ehritt votes. We think there is a mistake in Union county. We expect to gain 200 on this vote. In Gilmer we may gain 200. Congress. In the First District , Seward, dem., is 221 votes ahead of Bartow, whig, and Clinch to hear from. He ! is without doubt elected. 11l the Second District, Colquitt, dem., is elected ! over Johnson whig, by a decisive majority. This is a ! Democratic gain. In tiie Third District , we learn by Telegraphic dis- ! patch from Macon, that the official returns, at Milledg- I ville, show that Bailey, dem., is elected by a majority j of 20 votes over Trippe, whig. in the Fourth District, Dent, dem., is elected over Calhoun, whig, by a large majority. In the Fifth District, there .no doubt about the election of Chastain,: itm., ovcrTuinlit:, renegade demo crat. In the Sixth District, Hiilyer is ahead as far as heard from, thougb Wofford is locked with him. Hoi sey is far behind, and Stanford and Morton distanced. In the Seventh District , Reese, whig, is elected. In the Eighth District, Stephens, whig, is elected. The Repsesentatives of Georgia in the House are 6 dem. 2 whigs. We are content, TELEGRAPHIC AND OFFICIAL RETURNS. STEWART COUNTY. DEMOCRATIC. CONSERVATIVE. 11. V. Johnson 829 Jenkins 875 Colquitt* 821 Johnson 861 Senate. Senate. Ben. May 841 Boynton 80S House. House. J. P. Lowe B!t> S. Bell* 829 11. M. Jenkins 789 J. Williford* 821 For Judge—Worrill* 327 RANDOLPH COUNTY. H. V. Johnson 817 Jenkins 773 Colquitt 818 Johnson 776 ; Senate. Senate. Guerry* 789 Roe 746 House. House. Hendrick* 814 Goff. 731 Robson* 792 Williams 728 EAKI.Y COUNTY. Johnson 531 Jenkins 253 Colquitt 518 Johnson 276 Senate. Senate. Holmes* 540 Pickle 197 House House. West* 467 Roberts 26 LElt COUNTY. Johnson 285 Jenkins 366 Colquitt 275 Johnson 355 j Newsom, Whig, is elected lo the Senate, and Richard- * son, Democrat, is elected to the House. HARRIS COUNTY. Johnson 402 Jenkins 642 Bailey 385 Trippe 620 Senate. Senate. McGehee 415 Pratt* 193 House. House. Williamson 332 Mobley* 495 Bnrford 344 Hood* 509 Forjudge—Worrill 740 MERIWETHER COUNTY, Johnson 756 Jenkins 657 Dent 742 Calhoun 641 Senate. Senate. Gaston* 507 Hall 504 House. House. Leverett* 602 Carter 419 Nichols* 535 Kendall 466 TEMPERANCE ticket. Senate. House. Martin 353 Pvron 352 Knight 349 Those marked thus * are elected. Bibb County.—Dean, Democrat, is elected Senator ; Green, Democrat, and Hardeman, Independent, to the House. H. V. Johnson’s majority is ouo hundred and three ; Baiiey eighty-five majority. Richmond County.—lu the city of Augusta. Jenkins has 691 votes; Johnson 632; Stephens 642: J. J. Jones 635. County not heard from ; and Jenkins’ majority will probably bo 200 in the'eounty. Stewart County.—The returns are incomplete, but the gains make it certain that the whole Democratic ticket is from 25 to 30 ahead. Harris County.—Mitchell’s Mills, Johnson 84, Jenkins 51 ; which is a Dem. gain of 20. Talbot County.—H. V. Johnson 4SI ; Bailey 464 ; Bush independent 434 ; Reese independent 406 : Rus sell independent 423 ; Jenkins 598 ; Trippe SSB ; Dixon whig 563; Walden whig 574; Maxwell whig 561. Taylor County.—3l. V. Johnson 2SO : Bailey 275 ; Drane democrat 251 ; Stewart democrat 263 ; Jenkins 14U ; Trippee 132 ; Wright whig 135; Royal! whig 119. Chatham County.— Johnson 701; Jenkins 614- Bartow 792 ; Seward 548 ; Anderson democrat is elec ted to tiie Senate, and Ward and Harrison democrats to the House ; Fleming has a majority of 47 over both bis competitors, and is likely elected Judge of the Supe rior Court. Newton County.—Lamar, democrat, is e'ectid to the Legislature. Spalding County.—The democratic can didates are elected. H. V. Johnson gets 309 majority in Campbell; 147 in Coweta ; 150 in Fayette ; 300 in Bulloch ; 304 in De- Kalb ; 30 in Stewart; 100 iu Cass; 172 in Whitfield ; 100 in Wilkinson ; 315 in Cobb ; 264 iu Butts ; iu Mur- Bay 214. In Newton, Jenkins’ majority is 434 ; in Morgan 215; in Greene 700; Floyd 70; Spaulding 30; in Monroe 35 ; in Troup 550 ; Democratic ticket elected iu Jones and Houston. J. Johnson’s majority in Sumter is only 70; in Lee 100. Colquitt is 56 votes ahead of his ticket in Baker, and is doubtless elected. Bailey is probably defeated. [ From the Enquirer. ] Reported majorities for Johnson : Cobb Cos. 315, Whitfield 172, Atlanta precinct 104, Chatham 137. Jenkins’ majorities—Richmond 230, Monroe over 100, Spaulding 30. Pulaski County.—Jenkins’ majority, 84. J. John son beats Colquitt 197. Jno. Delamar, whig, is elected to the Senate, and L. L. Harrell, whig, to the House. Sumter County. Jenkins carries the county by 49 votes, and J. Johnson by 52 votes. The entire Con servative county ticket is elected. Bibb Cocntv.—Johnson’s majority is 94 votes ; Bailey’s is 75. Marion County.—Jenkins, 65 majority ; J. John son 65. “Whigs elected to the Legislature. Monroe County.—Jenkins’ majority, 36 ; Trippe’s maj. 40. Redding, (D.) Crowder (U.) and Woodard (D.) elected to the- Legislature. Hill’s majority in 1849 in Monroe was 82. Newton County,—Jenkins’ majority is reported 437—a gain of 37 011 Hill’s vote iu ’49. “Williamson, (IT.) Reynolds (U.) and Lamar (D.) elected to the Le gislature. Reese’s majority for Congress, 531. Stark’s majority for Judge, 60U. Baldwin County.—Jenkins 375 ; Johnson 336 ; ! Iteese 345, Saffold 321. Brown (W .} is elected to the j Senate, and Me Comb (Dem.) to the House. Special Dispatch. Macon, Oct. 5. 3d District.—All the counties heard from except Taylor, and Trippe is 172 votes ahead of Bailey.— (Taylor: Bailey 275 ; Trippe 132. So that Baiiey is j beaten by about 29 votes.] Special Dispatch. Macon, Oet. 5. sth aud 6th Districts.—Tiiese districts are turning I out badly, and we think Johnson is beaten for Governor. Special Dispatch. ] We received a dispatch from Macon, 8 1-2 o’clock j lust night, announcing the gratifying intelligence, that Baiiey is elected to Congress, by a majority of 17 votes. Congressional Electioa. COLQUITT. JOHNSON. Muscogee 20 majority. Stewart 40 “ Marion 62 “ Macon 76 “ Sumter 52 “ j Lee 50 I Pulaski .’ 105 “ 1 Decatur 150 reported. | ] Baker 600 majority i Dooly 210 “ Early 242 Randolph 42 “ 1094 555 555 Colquitt 539 majority in the District. j ; Senators amt Representatives ol the Legisla- ! tare. Stewart; May, IS ell, Williford, Raudolpli ; Guerry, Hendrick, Robson. Early ; Holmes, West. Lee; Newsom, Richardson. Harris ; Pratt, Mobil/, Hood. Merriwether ; Gaston, Leverett, Niekola. Pulaski; Deleman, Harrell. Newton; Williamson, Reynolds. Lamar. Muscogee ; Sturgis, McDougald, Thorton. Bibb; Dean, Green, Hardeman. Richmond ; Miller, Walton , Walker. Talbot; Dixon, Walton, Maxwell. Taylor ; Drane, Stewart. - Chatham; Anderson, Ward, Harrison. Baker ; Clarke. Rowell Decatur ; Crawford, Powell. Crawford; Walker, Cleveland. Campbell; Watts, Latham. • Lumpkin ; Singleton, Keith, Riley. Cobb; Lawrence, Gartrell, Maynor. Glynn ; Piles , Dußigtion. Washington ; Bullard, Boatright, Robson. Jefferson; Boyd, Stapleton. Bullock : Cone, McLean. Scriven; Jackson, Gross. Baldwin ; Brown , McComb. Putnam , Griggs, Callaway, Dawson. Liberty ; Jones, Smith. Effingham; Powers. Taliaferro; Bird, Harris. Cherokee ; Camden, Fields, Alread. Burke; Gresham, Shcwmake, Jones. Coweta ; Smith, Bridges, Dodd Forsyth ; Strickland, Rice. Walton ; Hill, Williams, Hays. Bryan ; Love, Strickland. DeK .ib : Collier, Henderson, Smith. Fayette ; Stell, Denham. Henry; Turner, Arnold, Masters. Pike : Green, Arnold, Trice. Spaulding; Mostly, Crittenden. Carroll; Boggess. Reid. Morgan ; S.iffold, Bostwick. Floyd ; Lambeth, Ilaynie. Polk; Hubbard, McGregor. Chattooga; McConnell, Hawkins. Cass ; Linn, Cannon. Crawford. Gordon ; Dabney, Mayes. Warren; Bealle, Cody, Pottle. Gwinnett ; Thomas, Whitworth, Hudson. Tatnall; Surrcncy, Moody. Sumter ; King, Williams. Jackson ; Moire, MeMullin. Habersham ; Trammel, Philips, Cleveland. Walker ; Dickson, Clement. Monroe; Crowder, Woodward, Redding, Ware; Lott, Sweat. Lawrens; Guyton, Yopp. Wayne; Bryan, Rump. Camden -. Patterson, Smith. Whitfield ; Bailey, McCurdy ? Murry ; Laugbridge, Turner ? Wilkes ; Pope, Irwin, Anderson. Lincoln ; Moore. Strother. Clarke ; Hull , Hardin, Carlton. Madison ; Deadwyler, Andrews. Oglethorpe, Willingham, McWhorter, Clarke. Franklin ; Morris, Holland, Poole. Hall; Dunagan, Hayden. Elbert: White, Martin, Rucker. Columbia; Stoval, Wilson, Barnes. Dade ; Hall, Parris. Hancock -. Stephens, Stewart. Heard ; Echols, Stokes. The first named iu each line are Senators. Those names in italics are whig. Fourth Congressional District. Dent. Caliioun. Cobb, 331 | Henry, 100 Coweta, 50 j Troup, 590 Heard, 65 DeKalb, 138 Fayette, 150 Campbell, 285 j Meriwether, 101 | 1120 690 Dent’s maj. 430. Fashionable Dancing. We aro informed that Messrs. Cleveland &■ Coolican have arrived in our city for the purpose of imparting in structions in the beautiful art of Dancing. Mr. Cleve land, long and favorably known as a teaehe r, has recent ly visited New York and brings out all the new styles as danced at Saratoga, New Port, Nt;w York, and Philadelphia. Mr. Coolican comes highly reeommea tied from New Orleans, New York and other cities, :as a successful teacher, aud xve are gratified to learn th ey enter upon their first term with most fluttering aospi* , Gubernatorial Electiou. - 33 C C Counties. § ri 1 £! and S ; * , - . *. Baker 507 Baldwin 39 Bibb 94 | Bryan 60 I Bulloch 337 | Burke 213 j Butts 211 ! Campbell : 300 Cass ;... 66 Chatham 147 Cherokee * 50 Clarke.. 147 Cobb 305 Columbia 113 Coweta 147 Crawfoid 45 Do Kalb 304 Dooly 210 Effingham 71 Fayette 142 Floyd 63 Forsyth 202 Greene 749 Harris 240 Henry 108 Jackson’ Jasper SO Jones 20 Lee 81 Liberty 20 Macon 99 Madison 99 Marion 65 M’lntosh 75 Monroe 40 Morgan 206 Mu.-cogee 74 Murray 216 Newton 537 Paulding 30 Pike.... 149 Pulaski 82 ! Putnam. 30 I Randolph 44 : Richmond 215 | Stewart 46 j Sumter 1 49 Taliaferro 264 Thomas 150 Tioup 619 Spaulding 42 Twiggs 90 Warren ISS Upson 306 Walker 94 Walton 199 Washington *.... 133 ! Wilkerson 100 Whitheid 172 Gordon 130 Taylor 140 Early 278 .Merriwether 99 Camden 179 W ; ilkos 250 Oglethorpe 420 Glynn 39 Lumpkin 386 Heard 130 Scriven , 84 Hall 180 Franklin 907 Gilmer 363 Houston 49 Decatur 150 ; Gwinnett 20 j I Polk 30 i I Elbert 871 | Jefferson 454 ! Hancock 210 ; I Chattooga 50 | I Lincoln 77 1 I Telfair 33 j i Habersham 311 j Dade 52 j Lowndes. 11 i ; Carroll 461 Lsurens 466 ; Tatnall 291 ! f Rabun 334 ! Wayne 97 i Appling 75 : VV arc 49 Montgomery 239 j Emanuel 5 ! Union 19 8,799 8,806 The General Result. We give up our entire space to-day to the returns of the election. We publish also the vote in the election between Towns and Hill in 1849, We have been fur nished with the majorities in 84 comities, which show a loss on the part of Johnson of 3000 votes. If this ratio is preserved throughout the State, Johnson will be elected by a majority of 250 votes. In the Second Congressional District the Democracy * iiave done nobly. ill): election of ColuuiFt by over j 600 majority is a splendid triumph. In the whig coun i ty of Muscogee we have a Senator and Representative ; j in Stewart a Senator ; in Lee a Representative. i We regret to learn that Bailey is defeated in the | Third District by 29 votes. lie might have been saved j in Bibb alone! There is little doubt but that Seward is elected in j the First District, and Dent in the Fourth, j The Legislature will be Democratic. Death of Dr. Richardson. It is with no ordinary feelings that we announce the j death of Dr. Wm. N. Richardson, of Glennviile, Ala. j lie died of apoplexy, on Saturday the Ist inst. ! Dr. Richardson was a native, we believe, of Elbert j county, Georgia, and passed his youth and manhood ,* there. He was the architect of his own fortunes, and f affords another and striking illustration of the happy influence of free institutions in developing the character of the citizen. He was eminent in his profession, and * a man of large attainments in general literature. His loss will bu severely felt in tho community in which he ! lived. Sale of Long Wool Sheer—We learn that Rich- . ard Peters of Atlanta will sell at the State Fair An- \ gusta his whole flock of long wool sheep. Western Trade—The best Route. We publish to day a very interesting letter from a ] citizen of Columbus, which we find in the Georgia Citi zen, upon this subject. If his calculations are reliable, it is very apparent that ail Central Georgia ought to import its western produce through Columbus. Ad mitting that there is no difference in the cost of trans portation, the difference in time alone gives us a very great advantage ; but if its freights are reduced to the lowest figure at which they will be profitable, we will have a decided advantage over Savannah both as to time and expense, and by concentrated effort we feel quite certain that we can turn this trade through Col -i mnbus. We invite the attention of business men to this subject and to the letter above referred to. Mr. Vandenßerg. We are pleased to learn that this accomplished Mu- j cieian will certainly reach Columbus by the 15th inst. j We are requested to say, that all orders left at the Mu- i sic Stores for him, will be promptly attended to on his i * arrival. Health of Mobile. There were seven interments on the Ist inst., all of ! whom died from yellow fever. The Tribune of the 2d j is very hopeful and says : We think y e may congratulate our rendere on the disap pearance of the epidemic, although the disease lingers j among us sufficiently to make caution necessary, and ad : monish the absent—particularly the unacclimated—to ro i main absent a few days longer. We shall probably within j a fortnight be able to welcome them back with all speed. ! The deaths of the week ending last evening were 85, of which 53 were from yellow fever. October Flowers.—ln the excitement attendant upon th% election, we have quite forgotten to acknow ledge a beautiful bouquet, presented to us on the Ist inst. by Mr. Charles A. Peabody, containing dahlias, roses, verbenas, and other lovely summer flowers, which are still blooming 011 his grounds in the open air. Mobile and Ohio Railroad. GLORIOUS NEWS. New York, Oet. 4. Col. Hallet has arranged for iron for the road, and the sale of bonds. J. C. Ryan. [This is indeed cheering news. The negotiation ef fected by Col. Hallett insures the early completion of onr great enterprise, the Mobile and Ohio Railroad. At the end of three years or less, trains will be leaving ur depot daily for the mouth of the Ohio.]— Mobile Tribune. We regret to announce that Hon. W. T. Colquitt had the misfortune to have his leg broken just below the knee j >int, on the 3d inst., in attempting to mount an u truly horse. Only one bone was broken, and thougb he is in great pain at present, we hope no se- Tioui injury will result, Austria aud America—Mr. Alarcy’s Letter. Tiie correspondence upon the subject of Koszta's ar rest by the myrmidons of Austria in the port of Smyrna is entirely too lengthy for our columns. It fills eight columns of the Washington Union. The subject, how ever, is one of such vast importance, especially to for eigners resident in the United States, that wc cannot pass it by without notice. The following abstract, it is believed, contains a full and fair statement of every po sition taken on either side. Mr. llulsemann to Mr. Marcy. The Austrian Consul General in the East, Mr. : DeWeekbecker, iiad caused Martin lvoszta, the Hun- j garian refugee, to be arrested and carried on board the I brig Huszar ; Kosxta had left Turkey in company with I Kossutii, and though pledged in writing, never to set | foot on Ottoman territory, had broken his pledge by re- * turning some months since to Smyrna. His release was j demanded by Mr. Offley, United States Consul, and | Captain Ingraham of the Sloop St. Lcuis, on tiie ground I that he was naturalized in the United States; both of j whom had it in their power to learn from Koszta him self, that he was not a citizen of the United States and j had no passport. Tiie American Charge d’Affairs at Constantinople i then demanded his release from the Baton de Brack, Austrian Minister at Constantinople, upon the plea * that he had taken some steps to be admitted as an ! American citizen, and two days after forwarded to the j Baron a copy of a “declaration of allegiance to the : United States,” signed by Koszta in New York, on the 3ist July last, to which was attached a defective certificate. The Baron refused to release Koszta upon the ground that Koszta could not expatriate himself so long as the ties which bound him to Austria were not legally dissolved. The declaration of allegiance to the United States is j utterly worthless, as there is no proof that it is a legal document, and it is merely a declaration of intention, on the part of Koszta, to become a citizen of the United States. On the morning of the 20th July, Mr. Ingraham of the St. Louis, sent a message to the commander of the Huszar, that in pursuance ol instructions from the American Charge at Constantinople, ho demanded the delivery of Koszta into his hands, and if he did not re ceive a satisfactory answer by 4 o’clock, he would take him by main force. Both commanders prepared for battle, which was only prevented by the Austrian Consul General consenting that Koszta should he con fided to the custody of tiie Consul General of Fiance at Smyrna, until tiie difficulty was settled. There are two questions involved in this discussion. Ist. The question of jurisdiction. 2d. The formalities in virtue of which the pretensions of the agents of the United States have been urged. lvoszta has never ceased to be an Austrian subject. The laws of Austria do not permit voluntary expatriation. The declaration of Koszta on board the Huszar in presence of Com. In | graham, shews that he still considered himself an Atts j trian subject. By tiie laws of the United States, a j declaration of intention to become a citizen is not suffi | cient to make him such. The United States refuses ito give possporte to individuals in this category. As, j therefore, Koszta was an Austrian subject, the Aus j trian official uas perfectly justifiable “in virtue of those j troaties which subject Austrian subjects in Turkov to | consular jurisdiction,” when he seized Koszta. But | the mode adopted by the American officials to settle ! the matter in dispute is particularly objectionable. It j was a real cot of war committed in lull peace on m ti j tral territory, and an outrage on the principles of the law of nations ; and the imperial Government has no doubt but that it will be oondemned by tho Govern ment of the United States. (Mr. A. here recapitulates the facts already stated as to tiie Hostile demonst “ation of Capt. Ingraham, and quotes authorities at length to show that the power to declare war appertained to sovereignty, and could not safely be intrusted to commanders of the naval or milita ry forces or of diplomatic or consular agents. He also quotes authorities to show that the law of nations abso lutely prohibits all acts of war and violence in neutral ports even against an enemy in open war; and refers particularly to the history of the United States, aud the opinions of Mr. Webster to show that the Govern ment of the United States was particularly jealous of the rights of neutrals, andtooncludes as follows.) The imperial Government entertains too high an opinion of tho sense of justice aud of integrity of tiie Government, and of the United States, to doubt for a single instant, its anxiety to disavow the conduct of its agents, under the circumstances above mentioned, and that it will hasten to call them to a severe account, and tender to Austria a satisfaction proportionate to the mag nitude of the outrage. Mr. Marcy to Mr. llulsemann. The President has carefully considered Mr. liaise mann’s note, with a view to ascertain the nature of the complaints, and to give Austria such satisfaction as she was entitled to receive. The Austrian views are very different from the Pres ident s, and hopes by an exposition of ins own to change the Austrians. It is tho duty of tiie Secretary to pre sent these views, and he does it in a friendly spirit. To bring out conspicuously the questions involved, it is tie | cessary that the facts should be more fully stated. I Koszta was a Hungarian by birth, and engaged in the ] Kossutii Rebellion, and took shelter in Turkey at t ie j close of the war. The extradition of tiie Hungarian * refugees was demanded by Austria, and firmly resisted ; by Turkey, They were confined at ICutahia, hut were j at length released with the understanding with Austria j that they should go into foreign parts, and most of * them indicated the United States as the country of their | exile. It is not true that Koszta left with Kossuth or I engaged never to return to Turkey. To this sentence of banishment Austria gave her consent and superintend ed the embarkation cf the exiles. Koszta came to America and selected this country for his home. On the 31st of July he made a declaration of intention to become a citizen of the United States, and renounced ail allegiance to any other State, iu legal form. After remaining here one year and eleven months lie returned to Turkey on private business, in an American vessel, and the United States Consul at Smyrna and the Charge at Constantinople extended protection to him j at>6 furnished him with a tcskerct, or letter of safe conduct, as by Turkish laws they had a right to do. His oon.iaet in Turkey was blameless; while waiting for an opportunity to return to the United States, he was seiz- : by a band of lawless men, who had not any oolor of authority, treated with violenoe and cruelty and thrown iuto tho sea. Immediately thereafter be wan | taken up by a boat’s crew, lying in wait for him, bo | longing to the Austrian brig of war Huszar, forced on j board that vessel, and there confined in irons. These i desperadoes were instigated to this outrage by the j Austrian Consul General, contrary to the authority of i the Turkish Governor of Smyrna. The American Consul, as soon as he heard of the s.-izure of Koszta, interee led with the Turkish authorities, the Austrian Consul and the commander of the Huszar for liis release on the ground of his American nationali ty, and Koszta’s original certificate of his itaving made a declaration of intention to become an American citi zen was produced at Smyrna and an imperfect copy placed in the hands of the Austrian Minister at Coil- j stantinople. All efforts for his release had failed, and j it became notorious that he was to be clandestinely ! conveyed to Trieste. Opportunely the St. Louis arriv- 1 ed in the harbor of Smyrna, and Capt. Ingraham having I satisfied himself of the truth of tiie foregoing facts and * of other evidence of bad faith on tiie part of tho Aus trian officials, demanded Koszta’s release, and threatened force if his demand was not complied with. The priso ner was, therefore, delivered to the custody of the French Consul. In order to arrive at just conclusions, it is necessary to define Koszta’s political relations with Austria and the United States when ho was seized. There is great diversity of opinion on the subject of allegiance. By some it is held to be an indisputable tie ; by others as a civil contract dissoluble by mutual consent, but not at the option of either party ; but the soundest opinion is, that a blameless citizen may at any time renounce his allegiance, quit the land of his birth, and form new political ties ; and especially is this tiie case where the sovereign power is oppressive and tyrannical. Municipal regulations on this subject have no force beyond tho limits of the countries enacting them ; and where questions of this sort arise between two sovereign States, neither has a right to appeal to its municipal laws ; the law of natious must settle tiie question be tween them. The law of nations has rules of its own on the subject of allegiance, and disregards all restric tion* imposed upon it by municipal codes. No State can demand from another even a fugitive from justice as a matter of right. International law allows no such olaim. Much less does it enjoin the surrender of political offenders, (and in this class Aus tria places Koszta;} butou the contrary, a compliance with such a demand would be considered a dishonorable subserviency to a foreign power, and an net meriting the reprobation of mankind. (Mr. Marey then briefly recapitulates the occurrences which took place in 1849 | and 1850 in relation to the reclamation of Polish refu- I gees in Turkey by Russia, and of Hungarian Refugees jby Austria.) Tiie demand was made in concert by two ; powerful rations while their armies stood on the borders i of Turkey, with power to erase her name from the list lof nations. They botli placed their demands on higher j grounds than a right of extraditiou under the law of nations ; they attempted to strengthen their claim by ; founding it upon the obligation of treaties—the same : undoubtedly that are now urged upon the considera | tion of the United States. Turkey, however, refused ! to surrender the fugitives, ana Austria and Russia both submitted to the refusal and neither presumed to im : pute to Turkey a breach of her duty or violation of their I rights. (The views of the English and French Minis* ! ters resident at Constantinople and of the French and * English governments are given, fully sustaining the conduct of Turkey.) It is an incident of great significance that some of 1 the most important questions involved in the ease of Koszta were raised in 1849, were discussed throughout | Europe and decided against Austria, aud especially the claim founded on treaty stipulations with Turkey for the extradition of Austrian subjects. This question was fully examined by Lord Palmerston and the claim of Austria ! repudiated- Ali Pacha aud the Turkish Minister for Foreign affairs both deny tho existence of any such | treaties and informed the America Minister that Aus j tr:a had refused to surrender Turkish rebels on tho | ground that tiie treaties did not provide for the extra -1 dition of political offenders. Even tiie Turkish gov- J eminent has protested against the seizure of Koszta as j a violation of its sovereignty ; but utters not a word of j complaint against the conduct of the American fune- I ! tionaries. This is an anomalous ease. Austria ! arraigns the United States for violating the rights cf ‘ I Turkey ; while Turkey exonerates the United States aud i ipi ousts against Austria, our accuser, for the same | i offence. Admitting the validity of the treaties referred to, ; ; and yet Koszta ought not to have been surrendered un- * ! less he were an Austrian subject. 1 By the procurement of Austria, Koszta was sent into i ! perpetual banishment, lie was thus placed beyond tho ‘ j protection of Austria Ho was thus released from his j i allegiance to Austria. Koszta when seized at Smyrna was not an Austrian j j subject for the further reason that bv a decree of tiie j Emperor ail Austrian subjects who leave the dominions of the Emperor without permission, and with the inten tion of never returning, become “unlawful emigrants” i and lose nil their civil and political righis, Koezta * had left without permission, had forfeited all his civil } and political rights—and was an outlaw. He had in Austria no redress for personal wrongs, and no claim j out of it for protection. What right can sovereign | have to the allegiance of a person reduced by him to i such a miserable condition 1 In Koszta’s ease it was 1 allowed. Si mo stress is laid upon the declaration of Koszta l as to his citizenship. Koszta never acknowledged that | lie was a subject of Austria. He said “1 am a Hun : garian, and will live and die a Hungarian.” In his j | mind no two things could probably he more distinct i from each other than Austria and Hungary. Those * who acted in behalf of Austria have no right whatever i to seize and imprison Koszta. To place the jurisdiction of the American agents still ; further beyond controversy, it will now be shown that! Koszta when seized, had the national character oi an j American, and that the Government of the United : States had tho rigbt to * xtend its protection over him. . There can be no question ol tiie genuineness oiKosz- : ta's certificate, a coriifiod copy u! which is furnished as * on record in New York. It is not pretended that this initiatory step iu the { process of naturalization invested him with all the civil ; rights of an American citizen It, however, clothed* Irina with an Anieric-nn nationality, and authorised the * , government of tiie l nited Slates to extend to him its I protection at home and abroad. Mr. llulsemann falls j i inti’ a great error by aoaiming that a nation can pro- i I periv extend its protection only to native born or natu ralised citizens. This is not the doctrine of international ! law. ft gives the national character of the country to ad i*i sidents in it who are there with or even without ; an intention to become a citizen, provided they have e : domicil therein (This position is fully sustained by i reference tu numerous standard authorities. Apply these principles to the ease of Koszta, and the inevitable result is, that he was domiciled in the U. States. The establishment of his domicil here then in vested him with the national character, and with that character he acquired the right to claim the protect ; ion of the U. S. \5 as Koszta clothed with that national charaeWr when ho was kidnapped at Smyrna ? Tho national | character, according to the law of nations, depends upon the domicil and remains as long as the domicil is retained. Domicil cannot he lost unless the domiciled person leaves the country of his residence with the in tention to abandon ids residence and acquire a domicil iin another. Hie facts show that Koszta was only temporarily absent, with no intention of remaining in Turkey, but was at the time of his seizure awaiting an opportunity to return to the U. S. >\ henever an individual becomes clothed with our . national character, be he a native born or naturalised | citizen, or an exile driven from his early home by ‘ ! political oppression, or an emigrant uniced from it by I | tho hopes of a better fortune for himself or liis posterity, ! ; he can claim tiie protection of this government, and it 1 may respond to that claim without being obliged to i explain its conduct to any foreign power, for it is its j auty to make its nationality respected by other nations, ! * and respectable in every quarter of the globe. This is no new doctrine, now for the first time ! brought into operation by the United .States. It is * : common to all nations, and has had the sanction of their * praetico for ages ; but it is new that, at this lato period, i when the United States assert a claim to it as a com- j mou inheritance, it should at once be discovered that it j * *s a doctrine fraught with danger, and likely to compro- * * mit tiie peace of the world. The conduct of the United States officers is further j justified by the peculiar laws of Turkey and other Eas- ! : tern nations by which consulates therein are allowed to j : receive under their protection strangers and sojourners. * Persons thus received become invested with tho na ! tionalitv of the protecting consulate. The law of na- j tious recognises and sanctions the rights acquired by j this connection. Tiie Secretary fully sanctions the course pursued by j the functionaries of the United States, censures that of; the Austrian*, and while professing a perfect readiness to make ail proper explanations to Turkey for any sup posed invasion of her sovereignty, utterly refuses to al low Austria lo question our conduct. Tiie Secretary also admits that only tiie sovereign power can declare : war, but can see nothing in tho conduct of Capt. In- I graham to justify tiie inference that his acts were a vio- I lation of tiie public peace. rh application of Austria to other European powers I is condemned. The President refuses to disavow the i acts of its agents and hopes Koszta will be released Blackwood's Magazine.— We are indebted to Messrs. ‘ Leonard Scott ifc Cos., New York, for the September I number of Blackwood’s Magazine, with the following table of contents: Scotland since ‘.he Union. Foreign estimates of England. New Readings of Shakspeare. The Duke’s Dilemma. Lady Lee's Widowhood. Coral Rings. The Aged Disciple comforting. The Exteut and the Causes of our Prosperity. Two Mexican girls have been rescued from captivity among the Iviawa Indians by a Mr. McCarty, and taken to Santa B'e. Gov. Merriwether intends sending them to the El Paso, to be there delivered lo the American Consul. Gen. E. W. Martin has received the office of Regis, ter of tho Land Offiee at Sparta, Conecuh county, Ala., in place of Nicholas Stallworth, deccßicd, A Second Hatnau.—A letter front Buenos Ayres, in the New York Times, relates some instances of hor rid cruelty perpetrated by Gen. Urquiza, previous to his flight The letter says One instance was that of Donna Martina Pando, wife of D. Marino Iloinar, who wrote a letter to an officer named Capaeo, advising him to leave the ranks of Ur quiza and join those of the legal Government. Capaeo who had been fed and clothed by tho iady when he was in great poverty, pretended to favor her wishes, but at tho first Opportunity betrayed her to Urquiza, who ordered her instant arrest, and sentenced her to receive 300 lashes, anj proceeded, in person, accompa nied by Lagos, his colleague, to sec tiie sentence exe cuted. The victim was led out, stripped entirely </. her clothing, and placed in the midst of the squadron of soldiers assigned to inflict the punishment. The cries and agony of the wretched woman, at an exposure so much more horrible to her than death itself, had no effect upon her heartless executioners, Befrre the stripes were one-fourth inflicted she bad fainted from pain and loss of blood, and shortly after he was ap prised that tiie sufferings of the po .r wretch were tu minuted. She was dead. With an excess of inLu tnunity w hich is almost incredible, the monster order ed the remaining number of stripes to be inflicted up on the corpse, and finally left the spot, forbidding the removal cf the remains. Mr. Everett on the Kosta Affair. —“If the circular purporting to be addressed to the Ministers of .Austria, is authentic, that Government complains of Capt. In graham's act as a menace of war aud a violation <4 the neutrality of Turkey. “But in both respects the wrong and the outrage were on the side of Austria. Kosta was residing a; Smyrna, as we learn from Mr. Brown, under the protec tion of a taskerel granted by the Turkish Government at tiie instance of the American Charge d’Affaires, who interested himself in his favor because he had declared his intention to become an American citizen. Wheth i cr this circumstance entitled liirn to eucli protection was I n question for Turkey to decide according to her laws j and usages. Under these circumstances I cannot oon ! eeive that the Austrian Consul had any more right to j send an armed force tiian lie would have had, two 1 years ago, to send an armed force up to Kutayeh to i seize the whole body of Hungarian forces.” Mr. Dir and the Richmond Enquirer. —Mr. Dix addresses the following letter to the editors of the * Richmond Enquirer, in which paper of the 24th. it j appears, the editors accept liis challenge to produce the evidence he cays has no existence, but promising i to do him justice ; New York, Sept. 20, 1853. Gentlemen—ln an editorial article in your paper of the 17th instaut, ! am charged—fast, with making “furious abolition speeches in tho Senate of the United States and, second, with the rhetorical “flourish” oi “a cordon of free States surrounding the South and compelling slavery, like a scorpion encircled by firo, to sting itseit to death.” Those imputations are alike unfounded. ! nevermadean abolition speech in the Senate or ort of it—l never tittered or entertained the sentiment above attributed to me—and I call on you to produce the. evidence on which your asser tions were made. Your own souse of propriety will ensure the insertion of this note in your paper, without a request to thuteflect from me. I am, respectfully, yours, JOHN A. DIX. Calliouu’s Works. We are pleased to notice that tiie second volume of the works of the “Great Southerner” lias been issued by : D. Appleton <te Cos., New York. Alb hope our Booked* , lent at the South, w ill purchase a large sujiply and thus bring to the door of the Southern public the almost inspi red wisdom of tiie greatest, purest and profoundestStates mm the country has produced since “the Fathers” fell asleep. \A o are pleased to see that the North appreciates the value of this publication. The N. Y. Courier Sc En ’ qHirer says : | “This volume contains all the reported speeches dt-liv. j ered by Mr. Calhoun in tiie House of Representatives and : the Senate, from 1819 to 1837, thirty-six in number. A i large variety of subjects arc discussed—The AVar Afeas ; ares of Madison’s Administration, the United States ■ Bank, the Tariff', Internal Improvements, States’ nights, I Removal of tiie l’ublic Deposits, General Jackson’s Pr ! test, Executive Patronage,* Abolition Petitions iff Public Lands, ice.. &e. : but all iiave a sir,kin* . I iu mode of language and argument. Search the whut. i through, and you cannot find a figure of rhetoric, but it | is all w .-l.ied logic, sometimes defective, it is true, iu im ! pej'tant links, but everywhere the work of marvellous ; skiil. Mr. Calhoun’b speeches ought to have a place in * every library, by the side of Mr. Webster’s Thou'di ,u j almost every important question offered, they illustrate | and enforce each other, and, combined, they give a civar j cr and deeporjriew f the great principles which lie at * the foundation of republican and constitutional principle than can be obtained elsewhere in the whole scope of j English literature. No tenet, either in religion or poli | ties, can be thoroughly understood until its opposite has been faithfully examined. The question of greatest im portance in tins volume—the State Rights theory—which Mr. Calhoun did more to develope and define’ than all j other men together, must long form one of the most row - I nriui elements in our political controversies. It is no soon* ; er disposed of in one form than it is sure to arise in am-th j er. Every man who would thoroughly understand the i diverse tendencies of our political system, and their bear * ings upon party measures, must acquaint himself with ail i tiie aspects of the State Rights doctrine ; and to do t!r* * iti* indispensably necessary to know how Mr. Calhoun : vindicated it, as well as liow Mr. Webster combatted it. I *1 bis publication fe one oi standard and permanent value, : and the publishers deserve praise far giving it to our e< un* | try in so excellent a style.” Th. N. Y. Herald speaks in the following terms : “The Works of John C. Calhoun. —We are indebt ed to D. Appleton & Cos., of No. 200 Broadway, for the * receipt of the second volume of the “Works of John Calhoun,” which has been just issued by their house. Th, work is edited by Richard K. Cralle, and the ai-range ! ment ct the highly interesting political matter which it j contains is as creditable to liis talent and industry, as the | style otart :n which tiie book is brought out is to thetas’ ■ ; and spirit of the publishers, Tiie volume now before us, * extends over five hundred aud sixty-two pages, and in* | eludes all the speeches made by Mr. Calhoun from the * year 1811 to the end of the winter of 1837, with some of * the more earh oratorical efforts of the great statesman, which have not heretofore appeared in print. “The | Works of Calhoun” v.-iil form an invaluable addition to j the libraries ot our people, as they must ever be read with ! pride, pleasure, and profit, by the American patriot, tin orator and the statesman. The speeches delivered during the war of 18!” possess extraordinary interest—flashing as they do with the evei varying, brilliant, and resistless \ eloquence of the gifted South Carolinian. The ability of I argument with which he carried the country upon “th i question of the declaration of war against England, i iri opposition to tho massive, but pacific, foot-/ * urged by his Senatorial competitor, John Randolph/ against him, cannot be fully understood unless hv the pe rusal of tho work. W e heartily recommend the book.” A Splendid Description. One Paul Denton, ?i Methodist preacher in Texas, advertised a barbecue, with better liquor i than usually furnished. When the people were assembled, a desperado in the crowd cried out, I “Mr. Paul Denton, your reverence has lied.— You promised us not only a good barbecue hut i better liquor. Where is the iiqnor ?’’ “There!’ answered the missionary, in tones : ot thunder, and pointing his motionless finger at i die matchless double spring, gushing up in two strong columns, with a sound like a shout of j .joy irorn the bosom of the earth. „There!”he : repeated, with a look terrible as the lightning, while his enemy actually trembled on his feet; ‘•there is the liquor which God, the Eternal, brews for all his children.” •‘Mot in the simmering still, over smokv fires, choked with poisonous gases, and surrounded with the stench of sickening odors and rank corruptions, doth vour Father in heaven prepare the precious essence of life, the pure cold water. But in the green glade and grassv dell, where the red deer wanders, and the child loves to play, there God brews it-; and down, low down in the i deepest vallies, where the fountain murmurs and I die rills sing; and high upon the tall mountain i tops, where the naked granite glitters like'gold in die sun, wiiere the storms crash, and away tar out, on the wide, wild sea, where the hur ricane howls music, and the big waves roar the chorus, sweeping the march of God ; there ho brews it, that beverage of life, health givi: g water. And every where it is a tiling of beauty, | gleaming in the dew-drop ; singing in the su • mer rain; shining in the ice gem, till the trees all seein turned to living jewels, spreading a golden veil over the setting sun, or a white gauze around the midnight moon importing at the cataract; sleeping in the glacier; dancing in the hail shower; folding its bright snow cur tain! softly about the wintry world; and w@av.