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sary means. Colleges and Seminaries lor theed- j neat ion of our daughters are lobe found in almost I every neighborhood, founded upon private muni ficence and conducted with marked energy and ability. I would not niftiecessanly mar this pic ture so grateful to our feelings and so gratifying to our State pride; but a sense of duty demands that our attention should be turned to another branch of the subject, which presents for our con sideration far different results. Whilst the minds of those, who have been blessed v Ufa the necessa ry means—are being stored with all the rich treasures of knowledge, placed in their reach by these flourishing institutions—there is to he found another class, less favored of Heaven, who are growing up in utter ignorance. The propriety of providing lor ihe education of the poor is recog nized by every one; but I am not sure that its importauce is fully appteciated. Ido not speak of that complete and finished education which can be acquired only in our higher Seminaries and Colleges, but 1 refer to it in its more limited sense. The man who can rod and write is a well edu cated man, in comparison with one, to whom the Alphabet is an unmeaning mystery; and the gult that seperates these two classes is far wider and deeper tl an the one whiefi lies between the hum blest scholar and the most learned Pofe* sor. Give to every son and daughter of the State an oppor tunity of learning so read and write, and we be come that day an educated people tor all the prac tical purposes of Government. The honesty, pu rity and intelligence of the people constitute the firm foundations of a republican Government. I o the extent of our ability it is our duty to foster and nurture these elements of security and strength. Georgia has in some degree realized this truth and exhibited a disposition to act upon it. Her ablest sons have been summoned to the task oi devising systems for the education of the pi or ; and our legislative tables groan under the accu mulated reports of committees appointed to inves tigate and report upon l lie subject. All that could be done in this way has been done, and y* t the sons and daughters of poverty are unprovided with the opportunity of learning to read and write. Can nothing more be effected ? Is this field ot la bor, so inviting to the patriot and philanthropist, to be abandoned and forsaken ? To answer these inquiries, we must ascertain, first, what lias occa sioned the failure heretofore ? and secondly, are we able and willing to overcome the difficulty in the future? The first point is very clearly pre sented in the statement of this simple fact—the number of children relumed under our poor school law, is (38,000) thirty eight thousand, and the money appropriated tot their education is ($23,- 000) twenty-three thousand dollars. In other words, for the education of each child, the Legis lature appropriates tl e sum of sixty cents. 1 can use no argument or language that will present in more forcible terms the main defect in our past system, than is to be found in this statement. We have failed to educate the destitute children of the State, becaus we have failed to appropriate a sufficient sum of money to effect the object. It is more than useless to discuss plans and systems until the necessary means are furnished to make any plan successful. This view of the subject brings me to the second inquiry. Can this diffi culty be met and overcome ? In other words, will the Legislature appropriate the necessary amount of money. Ai present lam not prepared to re commend any large increa>eof the appropriation. My object is more particularly to call your atten tion to a period in the future, when the required sum can be devoted to this object without the im position of any additional tax upon the people. If lam right in the views which I have already presented of the finencial condition of-4110 State, present and prospective, in the course of a few years the public debt will be paid off, and there will be no necessity for incurring another. When that time shall have arrived, our present tax law may be reduced one half, and still furnish ample means for an economical administration of the Government —giving no just cause ol complaint on the ground of taxation. The Ftale railroad under the system 1 have recommended will bring into the Treasury a certain and regular revenue of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. To that sum I look to supply the present defect in our educational system for the poor. To that patriotic object, as well as to the necessities of the institutions established by the State for the State for the Deaf and Dumb, the Blind, and the unfortunate Lunatic, it should be sacredly devot ed ; and until the wants of each and all should be withdrawn for any other purpose. I have invited your attention to the subject at this time that the public mind may be directed to its consideration in advance of the period when the policy may with propriety be adopted. PUBLIC PRINTING. I call your attention, to the law on the subject of the public printing. It is defective in many re spects, and requires Legislative action. The great delay that occurred in the printing of the Laws and Journals of the last General Assembly, should not be permitted to occur again. Um.er the law as it now stands there will always be more or less danger of its recurring. In the esti mation of many persons the Executive is held partly responsible for such delay, and yet he is powerless to prevent it. Provision should be made bv law that the public printing should be done at the seat of Government — un fer the eye and super vision of the Executive, ar.d he should be clothed with power to transfer it from the hands of the public printer whenever he fails to complete it in n given period to he fixed by law. Whenever there is unnecessary delay, the Executive should be au thorized and required to make such deductions as the exigency in his judgment justifies; and simi lar power should be lodged with him in case the printing is not executed in manner and stvle re quired by law. It should be made the duty of the Secretary of Slate, to compare ihe printed laws before their final publication, with the en rolled acts in his office, and proper compensation should be allowed him for the discharge of this duty. The style and execution of the printed acts should be improved. The act of 1834 required them to conform to the laws of the United States, as at that time published. Since then great im provement has been marie in the printing ot the United States, and we should in this respect keep up with the progress of the age. ANNUAL SESSIONS. The experiment of bi-ennial sessions of the General Assembly, has been sufficiently tested by experience and I believe that the public judgment of the State is prepared to pronounce against it. I was among the number of its advocates, and so voted when the question was submitted to the peo ple for their decision. lam now satisfied, that in common with a large majority of my ftllow citi zens, I was wrong, and prepared to recommend a return to annual sessioas. Even if the policy of bi-ennial sessions was right at tlip time of its adoption, tbe increased interest and important public works of the State have wrought such a change in our affairs that a different system is now required for our progress’ and and progressing con dition. A single consideratu n should satisfy ev ery man of the propriety of annual seessions. At present, all power ts placed in the hands of the Executive for two years, and his term expiresnnd the people are called upon to pass judgment upon his official carper before his actings and doings can he submitted to the test of Legislative investi gation. He cannot be called upon for an exposi tion of his official doings until the General Assem bly meets, and that does not take place until his term of office has expired, and lie lias either been re-elected or defeated, or has voluntarily with drawn from the public service. This is xvrono in theory, and might work much injury in practice. It was an economical view of the subject which induced the people to resort to bi-ennial sessions, but it may well be questioned whether the result has justified th'.s expectation. The fact tiiat the General Assembly meets only once in two years, renders it necessary to extend the length of the session. The accumulated business ol the two years must he disposed of, and additional time i required to do it. In order that tite people may have an opportunity of passing their judgment tip on this subject, 1 recommend that an act altering the constitution be passed the General Assembly at its present session, and the question submitted to the people at the next general election. If ap proved hy them, your successors can perfect the alteration, and it condemned, the act can then he rejected. An opportunity will thus he offered of having the question decided by the direct action I of those most deeply interested in the matter. ‘ ATTORNEY GENERAL. My experience in office has brought vividly be fore me the fact that innumerable occasions occur, where the Executive, on account of the varied and increasing interests of ‘lie State, requires the ma ture and deliberate counsel of persons skilled in the law. ine hurried and offhand opinions of the best lawyers, are worth but little under such circumstances; and the sepatate solemn advice ol feed counsel on every suclt question, would he a heavy draw upon the contingent fund My own conviction is, that an officer known as the Attor ney General ot tite State of Georuia with such a I State, woultLmeei the necessity of the case. To the general dut\ of advising the best counsel in the several Exm-utiie Departments of the Gov ernment, might lie added with propriety, the rep resenting and advocating the interest of the State in all questions arising before our Supreme Court. The duties of such an officer, it is unnecessary for me to specify. The necessity and propriety of such an office will be felt by every one occupy ing the Executive chair. THE SUFRBMF. COURT AND STATE LIBRARY. At the time the Supreme Court was established the idea prevailed that the convenience oi parties litigaul required that the court should hold its ses sions at points accessible to them For that pur pose it was provided in the law organizing the court it should sit at nine different places. Expe rience has shown that this was a mistaken view of the subject, as the parties seldom if ever attend the court. Their attendance is not necessary, and they therefore stay No one u ill ques tion the fact, that this migratory feature is atten ded with great inconvenience to the members of the court. If this was the only objection to it, it might be borne with, but it deprives the court of the advantages ofconsulting good libraries, which are not to fe foil dat many of the points, where it is now held. Without attempting to present the many reasons which might he urged in lav r of the • change,as they will readily suggest themselves to your mind.- I recommend that the places for holdit g the court le reduced to the number re quired by the Constitution. Looking to the lu ture permanence and usefulness ol tiiis court, 1 > think it advisable that the Constitution be so amended as to authorize its entire sittings at the scat ot government. I can see no good reason ; why it should be otherwise. The docket of the I court could be so arranged for each of the Judi cial Districts as to enable counsel to attend to their cases with as much convenience at Milledge ville as at any other point. In this connection I call your attention to the condition of our Elate library. For many years the librajy has been totally neglected and almost lost sight of by the Lcgislatute. The last Getter al Assembly made an annual appropriation of a thousand dollars for it. This amount regularly continued with the system of exchanges with the other States, would in the course of a few years , furnish a State library, of which we might not be ashamed. The small salary given to the librarian . will not secure the service -of a competent officer, | unless the appointment is connected with some . oilier office, as has been done during the last two . years. The librarian’s report is herewith com • municated. It will show the condition of the li brary, its increase since I came into office, and a I i so the regulations I have adopted to preserve it i from its former fate. It cannot be necessary tor [ me to submit an argument to the Legislature in favor o! obtaining anil keeping a good State libra > ry. Statepride.il there was no other consider- L ation, would make an ;• ppeai in its favor that ought 5 not to be disregarded. Its propriety and useful* i ness, however, arc 100 apparent to require further > continent. I confidently commend to your favora t ble consideration the policy adopted by your imme . diate predecessors on this subject MISCELLANEOUS SUBJECTS. A vacancy occurred on the Supreme Court bench during the present year, by the resignation of the Hon. Hiram Warner, which I filled by the appointment of the Hon. Ebenezer Starnes.— There have been several vacancies occasioned by the death and resignation, on the Circuit Court bench, but as they are no longer filled by the Leg islature, it is not unnecessary to specify them. The creditors of the Bank of Darien have been for years applying to ihe State for the liquidation of their claims, holding as they do, that the State is liable lor them. It is time that this mat ter should be disposed of, and I recommend that some provision be made by the present Genera! Assembly for the final settlement of those claims, either by submitting the question involved to the decision of the courts, or some other tribunai to be selected by the Legislature, and agreed toby the parties in interest. I was directed by a Resolution of the last General Assembly, to withdraw the block of marble, whic bad been furnished for the Washington monument from this State, on account of the objectionable inscription upon it, and to provide another in its stead, with the simple inscription of the. Arms ol the Stale. Finding that the object of the legislature could be carried out by an al teration of the in script am on the flock already furnish ed, I adopted that course, as ihe most economical arid appropriate under I lie cicumstances. By joint resolution of the last General Assembly, I was required to apixtim a <omms*i<>n to examine and report to the present Legislature, on the claims of Wm. Q. Anderson, Tims. Anderson, and Richard J. Willis, securities of John R. Anderson, on his bonds, as Cash ier and agent of the Darien Rank. I appointed Chas. Dougherty and Wm Hope Hull, Esqs., and herewith transmit to you their report upon the subject. My predecessor informed the last General Assembly that the question of ilie boundary between Florida anil our own State had been submitted to the Supreme Court of the United States, and that he had engaged the servioesof Hon. J. M. Berrien, as the attorney of the State. At the instance of Judge Berrien, I associa ted with him the lion. George E. Badger having been authorised by resolution ol the last Legislature, to employ additional counsel in the case. The case is still pending.and will probable be decided at the ap proaching term of the court. A question of boundary between South Carolina and Georgia has arisen since the adjournment of the last General Assembiy. The correspondence between the Governor and the Attorney General of South Carolina and myself on that subject is herewith transmitted. My views are so fully presented in that correspondence, that I deem it unnecessary to add anything in referance to it. I recommend that the suggestion contained in the lastlelter of the Attorney General of South Caroli na be acceded to, and that provision lie made for sub mitting the question of houndry to the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States. It presents the most satisfactory mode of sett ling a dispute, which it left unadjusted, might at some future day lead to unpleas ant conrequences. By a joint resolution of the last General Assembly, I was directed to appoint “two Suitable persons as dele gates from this State to attend a convention of dele gates from the Thirteen Original States,” which was held in Philadelphia, on tl- sth of July, 1852. lap pointed the Hon. Marshall J. Wellborn of Columbus and the Hon. Asbury Hull of Athens, who accepted the appointment,and their report of the action of the convention is herewith transmitted. The object for which this convention assembled, and the mode hy which that object is to be consummated, are so fully and satisfactorily presented in the accompanying report, that I do not leel called upon to do more than ask for it your careful consideration. It is no local or sectional movement, in which the people of Philadelphia alone are interested. It was prompted hy a national senti ment as broad as the Union—and a spirit of gratitude and veneration aa deeply implanted in the hearts of the American people, as are the memories of our revolution ary struggles Georgia has participated so fur with commendable zeal,and patriotic ardor in this noble en terprize—and I doubt not, that every step of its future progress will be marked with the evidences of her liber ality. The last General Assembly passed a joint resolution authorizing me‘Ho erect ,on the public grounds, near the State House, a suitable monument to ihe memory of our late distinguished fellow-citizen, Hon. John For syth, and pay for the same out of money appropriated for that purpose by the act of the Legislature, approved February 23, 1850.” The proposition contained in this resolution, meets my cordial approval. No one en tertains a higher appreciation of the services anil bril liant career of Mr. Forsyth, than myself, and it would have given me sincere pleasure to have carried out the intention of the Legislature, if it could have been done The amount of appropriation is wholly inadequate for the contemplated object. A monument erected on the State House square, to the memory of Mr. Forsyth should not only be creditable to the State, but worthy of the distinguished dead ; such a monument cannot be obtained for one thousand dollars. For this reason and for this reason alone, I have taken no steps to carryout tins resolution, and 1 now recommend that the appro priation lie increased to a sum that will secure such a monument as the occasion call for; a monument wor thy of the State of Georgia, and worthy of the distin guished defender of the Constitution and Union of our lathers. have just had our first judicial elections under the law giving those elections to the people. The policy of the law has been vindicated, and it presents an appro priate occasion for recommending an extension of its provisions to the remaining cases of State officers elec ted by the Legislature. Our election laws need amendment. The duly of deciding upon the returns of many elections, is hy irn-a plication devolved upon the Executive. No'rules however are prescribed for his government. Thisshonld be remedied by the passage ol an act, plainly defining his duty, power, and mode of procedure. The great number of laws which have been passed on the subject of the lands belonging to the Skate lias involved that subject in great difficulty. Many of these laws were of a mere local character, but thei’rapplica tmn being general in the terms of the statute. I,as pro duced a contrariety of provisions difficult to reconcile Toe whole subject needs thorough and radical lemsla tnm, and 1 trust it will receive vour consideration dur ing the present session. For the disposition of the re maining nngranlerl lairds of every description, that have been regularly surveyed, I would recommend that the jiolicy of the act ol 1843 be adopted. Experience lias proven it to be, hy far the most economical and satis iactory mode ofdisposing of the public lauds. ,p. | . r ‘b * axis-- fMJiAiti IclltUo. I Ihe slow but steady development of the mineral re sources otour State, should bring to your attention the providing, for a thorough geological sur vey of the State. Otirer departments of interest would be greatly benefitterl hy it—and I recommend tiiat am ple provision he made for that purpose. I was requested hy resolution of the Senate of the last Legislature to make tite alterations and arrange, mems in the .Senate Chamber rendered necessary ”bv the increased number of that body. It has been alien ded lo—and a portion of lire expense paid out of the com urgent fund. No special appropriation was made to carry out tins resolution, and it.now becomes neces sary tor you to make an early appropriation lo pay tire balance dim to Mr. Lord tire contractor. As he was among the unfortunate number who suffered severely ! rom the late fire in this city, I would urge upon you the justice of providing for the immediate settlement of lus account. structive character of the lire to. which I have just al luded . The individual sufferers make no appeal to you for relief, but it is in our power to render essential aid, not only to them hut to the whole community, by deci sive action upon the subject of a removal of the seat of government. The constant agitation of that question has paralyzed the energies ol the people ol IVlilledeev ille and crushed their spirit of enterprise. The future pros perity of their city is involved in it, and so long as it remains un open and unsettled point, the effect will he felt and seen in the downward lendei.cy of every inter est coni ected with the prosperity of the city. Ample time has boen allowed tor ascertaining the popular will on the subject, and legislative xpression should new be given to the judgment of the people. It is due not only to this community, but also to the future comfort of those, who may be officially called to spend a portion of their time at the C apitol. Such arrangements as are necessary to make MiiledgeviHe a pleasant loirienee for the members of the General Assembly, and until il is known that the seat of Government will not be re moved. Whatever, therefore, may be the public will on this subject, let it I e made known m such authori tative form, as will relieve all doubt and anxiety in ref erence to it. FEDERAL RELATIONS. 1 herewith transmit a communication from the Stale Department of the Government, accompanied w ith a copy of a “Consular Convention between the United States of America and His Majesty the Emperor of the French,” Your attention is called to the provis ions of the seventh article of the convention. I herewith transmit the resolutions of various State Legislatures, which have been forwarded tome. .Since the last session of the Genet al Assembly, an occur rence has transpired in which Georgia, though nc.i directly a pariy, is in my judgment deeply interested, and to which I deem it my duty to tail your attention. A citizen of Yiigiuia on liis w ay to Texas with Slaves, is by force of circumstances, compelled to take a temporary train-it through the city of New York. Upon habeas corpus before Judg** I*r.j no of that State, the negroes were declared free, ami the citizen deprived of his property. Though indemnified fully, I believe by volun tary subscription, yet the principle involved in the decision is or.e of vast importance and startling tendency, in which ihe interest of Mr. Lemmon* becomes insignificant, amt the inter est of every slave-holding State paramount and equal Vir ginia and Texas Slave no deeper interest than Geotgia and Alabama. It is understood that an appeal bas been taken from the decision to the appellate Court of New York, and it is probable that the final adjudication of the question involved will be made by the Supreme Court of thp United States. The deliberate determination of any question by that tribunal commands and should receive the respect of the country, and constitutes a precedent controlling subsequent eases. The principles involved i“tlic decision of Judge Faytia will be better considered in a Court room, than in a document like the present. It is not my purpose therefore to submit an ar gument on the correctness of tint decision. If such is the luw it is the first time that it has been solemnly thus pronounced, in a case made befor • any tribunal, w itliin my knowledge. If it be true that the citizens of slave-holding Slates, who by force of circumstances or for convenience, seek a passage through the territory of a tton-slnveholding Slate, with their slaves—ure thereby deprived of their property in them, and the slaves ipso lacto become emancipated, it is ttme that we know law’ as it is. No Court in America has ever announced this lobe law. It would be exceedingly strange if it should he By the comity of Nations, the personal status of every man is determined by the law of his domicil, and whether he be bond or free.capable or incapable there, he remains so every where anew domicil is acquired This is hut the courtesy of nation lo nation, founded not upon the statute, but is ab solutely necessary for the peace and harmony of Slates, and for the cufotcemeut of private justice. A denial of this com itj is unheard of among civilized nations, and if deliberately and wantonly persisted in, would be just cause of war. Can it be possible that the courtesy yielded by independent na tions to each other, can be rightfully denied by one of these States to the others?- Is the bond of Union an authority or reason for a course of conduct unjustifiable without tiiat bond 7 Did the framers of the Constitution, so wise add provident as to all other possible causes of <1 i>t ur banco between the States, permit so pregnant a source of discord, to pass unheeded and unprovided for 7 In yielding our right to make treaties, and to/ieclare war, have we left ourselves remeidiless in cases of palpable violatirn of the law and comity ol nationa? The adjudication of these questions by the tiibunal organized un der the Constitution, cannot lie reviewed with indifieronce by us. Every slave-holding State should be heard before that tribunai. I therefore recommend, that in the event the Lem mon’s case being carried before the Supreme Court, tho Ex ecutive be authorised to employ able counsel in behalf of the State of Georgia, to be heard before that Court upon these questions. The general condition of our Federal Relations presents a flattering prospect. Since the happy termination ot those angry sectional strifes, which lor a time threatened our pcuce and quiet, the country lias returned to a state of repose, ami all the indications of the present, point to a happy,, peaceful and prosperous future. HOWELL COBB. nut) Sait met COLUMBUS, GEORGIA. TUESDAY MORNING, NOV. 15, 1853. Inaugural Address of Gov. Johnson. In his address, out- new Governor speaks as a pro gressive of the latter half of the nineteenth century. — With a mind to perceive, to appreciate and to construct, we feel confident that he will neglect no means that may tend towards developing the* unequalled resources of our State. What a future awaits Georgia ! Give her people but the heavenly light of Learning—let Science throw its radient beams around and along the painful and dangerous paths of labor—let Art embellish and en rich, in a word, let but the appliances which the inge nuity and application of man have wrought, and are dai ly find in Georgia, and Georgians that ap preciation which makes progress but a pastime, and a firmer basis will be laid for a lasting and independent future that armies could conduct or physical prowess adorn. Gov. Johnson feels this and speaks it with a burning eloquence that will light a kindred flame in every Georgians breast. Education is the cornet stone of national prosperity and existence. Education is the mighty power that is to revolutionize the world. It is education properly systematised that is to elevate i the lowly, to reform the vicious, to enrich the pour, to dignify man in all his relations and make him more the image of his maker. Let us then as Legislators, as citizens, as the State, “gladden all with the sunlight of science, and press to their lips the cup of intellectual happiness.” On the subject of our Federal relations he is clear and explicit. We shall stand by him in the prosecu tion of his views and second him as far as we may in in seeing that slavery will no more be agitated at the expense of the South. Georgia has said it and siir INTENDS TO STAND BY HER OATH. Towards the advancement of every suggestion contain ed in this earnest and patriotic address there will go up one loud Amen from every quarter of our State. The policy as proposed by Ihe Constitutional ist and Republic, with reference to the choice oi U. S. Senator* About two weeks since the Constutionalist issued a long editorial, advocating the election of Howell Cobb to the United States Senate. It had doubtless been well matured and reflected upon some days before pub lication. Such a step required deliberation. It was taking the initiative in a policy intended to control the action of tbe entire democratic party. It was setting a precedent for other presses, to advocate their political, or personal favorites, with equal deliberation and firm ness. The consequences of following such a precedent, would have been to bring into hostile existence wings and factions, with prejudicies aroused, and forces mar shalled, ere the legislature had assembled, and but meeting at Milledgeville, as on a common battle ground, to fight it to the death. A course foreshadowing such deplorable consequences, has met, as it deserved, from the entire democratic press, as far as wc have seen, the most decided disapprobation. According to the reasoning of the* Constitutionalist , the democratic party is but a co-partnership which re quires at each recurmg election, a settlement of claims and adjustment of balances. We do not consider the entirety of the party as resting on such a mercenary basis. It has a nobler foundation ; a more worthv mis sion ; and will not be prostituted to such ignoble ends. The history of the party proves tiiis. United as it was during tlie elections for Prcsi lent ami Governor, with no fissure nor seam visible or exlaut, save what the op position endeavored to effect, each stood shoulder to shoulder—“by genes were by genes,” and all hailed the resultant triumphs with unmingled satisfaction. Who shall now interrupt this harmony? \Vho shall be the First to suggest the charge of selfishness? Who shall retrace step by step, the history of former dissension thuß opening old wounds, and making them to bleed again, when existence itself depends upon constant adhe sion ? Who shall throw discord into a harmonious and united family, by officiously proclaiming that one or the other branch has not received its just deserts? The editor of the Con-titutionalist, through his prescribed poliey, is acting all these parts. Have any complaints been heard from the Union Wing of the party? Have they upbraided the Southern Rights Wing because of injustice or insincerity? Have they protested against any nomination because of past opinions, which fell into desuetude with the occasion that called them forth? Not one. But thia magnanimous duty ; tiiis generous com plaisance ; this self-denying assumption of champion ship in the cause of defered justice; this unique feat of strengthening the whcle, by a separation of the pans, was reserved for the politic and matured sagacity of the editor of the Constitutionalist, If he be bo conceeding upon principle, and so gener ous in fact, why did not his proposed policy concede di rectly to the once union wing, the choice of Senator, and there stop. •This, however, did not satisfy his conscientious sense choosing for them who their representative’ shall be. After asserting that he entertained misgivings as to the propriety of discussing tin* question, Are., he goes on to say ‘‘under the circumstances, we should have preferred to remain silent, and not s, n desirous of bringing an outside pressure to boat- upon the judgement and dis cretion of the m- mb rs. But our own choice is not left, as an intelligent correspondent .signing, himself A Southern Rights Democrat, desires to be heard through our columns, in behalf of the claims of a particular as pirant to the Senatorial office, and we do not fell at lib erty to refuse him, we, therefore, lay his communication before the public, and in doing so, feel constrained to make such comments as the occasion, and the impor tant results involved, suggest ’’ These, tlieu are the inducements which obviated bis misgivings. “A South ern Rights Democrat/’ thought Judge Warner should be the choice, as that the Union wing should have the Senator. The Editor of the Constitutionalist doubtless thanks his communicator for giving him an opportu nity of broaching his policy, but differs with him as to who shall be the recipient of its blessings. To excuse the application which he makes of it, however, he tells us his reasons, which if they satisfy his own conscience, we shall not now controvert. And on this head he complains that the democratic press, while they dissent from bis views, do not answer his arguments. This looks certainly very plausible—a perfectly fair de mand. We content ourselves with uttering, but our ipse dixit as he is pleased to term our opinions, because his course is wrong ab initio, lie would doubtless be very much delighted to beget a discussion upon his rea sonings, and by a rhetorical trick gain half of the ar gument by thus causing the premises to be lost sight of. We saw very plainly the drift of his policy, which in part, caused us to suspect the ingenuousness of his professions. lie may be as candid, and sincere, and patriotic in his desire to do right, as he insists upon,— We will not deny the existence of such motives, but he has been most unfortunate in their exposition. We trust that we do not fall short of his estimate of our “intellectual capability of comprehending, and moral ca pability of appreciating motives higher than mere per sonal preferences, or selfish ulterior purposes/’ but when w’e hear an advocate weaken his cause by persistently pro ving too much, we are very apt to suspect either the validi ty of his cause, or his ability to maintain it. If we grant him then all the self denying forbearance which he claims in recommending the choice of a Senator from the union wing, and insisting with elaborate reas oning who this shall be, he has shown his forbearance in a most odious ofticiousness. The manner of the act detracts from the virtue of the motive. Our dissent from the course adopted by the Consti tutionalist, and suggested as the poliey for the demo cratic patty, begins and ends with his right as an expo nent of democracy, of discussing the subject at all.— We have said nothing against Mr. Cobb, nor Judge Warren, nor the union wing, which once had an exist ance, and to which they belonged. We neither advo cate nor oppose any man’s claims, merely because he may have belonged to this or that section, into which the party was once divided. We have contended but for the harmony and union of the party, and never have we urged any course w hich would bring an element of discord into its ranks. The Constitutionalist tried its hand previous to the last Gurberuatorial Convention, but his cuoucils were rejected, and the party went on as a unit, and gloriously triumphed. He then tried to convince the union wing how much they had suffered; and to bring the Southern Rights wing to the stool of repentance, for their grasping conduct, but no one felt the wiong, because none existed; nor saw the evil, be cause none had been committed. Again he dons the cape of a Palinurus, and standing upon the prow ex claims, a crisis ! Indeed 1 what crisis, pray, is now pen ding ? The democracy is in the ascendant, all over the country, The party in Georgia has proved its strengtli and harmony by the result of all elections which have taken place since the reorganization—and will continue strong and united, if zeal that outstrips discretion, be not so officious to prove itself, or elements productive of dis cord be not introduced for the purpose of attaining cer tain ends, disinterested or otherwise. We give the editors of th c Constitutionalist all due credit for his intentions, and whether or not we have that “long sighted view of permanent interests,” which he seems to deny us, we candidly acknowledge our inabili ty to perceive in his proposed policy any means for the securing of either permanent or passing interests —to the party. If Gov. Cobb be a candidate, as bo undoubted ly will, and shall be unsuccessful, he may attribute his defeat in a great measure to the officiousness of his po litical friend of the Constitutionalist. To withstand the dangerous influences of his proposed policy and maintain its unity the party may be called to sacrifice even Gov. Cobb. If divisions shall occur, and old fires be kindled, sons to give the Whigs the Senator, with the editor of the Constitutionalist will rest the blame of entering the first wedge and of kindling the first spark. lie has so far conducted his proposed policy very adroitly. Having made his debut, he, as a good rhetori cian, first conciliates his hearers by giving uterunce to a so ber disquisition upon moral duty; a panegyric upon public virtue and the heroism of self-denial. He then unfolds his plans step by step, cautiously and deliberately, and retires anxious but hopeful, to witness the manner of impression produced. A second scene comes on, and having collected what might be necessary to the success of the plot viz: a discussion irrelevant to the matter at issue, he makes a point of it ; inserts it in full, as in the case of the editorial comments of the Marietta Advooatc ; arouses the sympathies of his readers by quoting articles from the Times ij* Sentinel , and making them bear as reflecting upon the purity of his motives, and strength i ening himself with two long letters from friends equal ly disinterested as himself, and having thus made another period, with an opportunity ofretiring in good favor, the scene closes, What additional scenes shall transpire or what preperutions are being made behind the cur tains, the future can alone diselose. What may be the character of the catastrophe will be determined by the course which the members of the Legislature may pursue. > We learn from the New York papers that the case of the United States against Mr. Colver, part own ? er, and the Captain, Engineer and oilier officers of the 5 steamer Henry Clay, on an indictment for manslaughter for having caused the death of eighty-four passengers, t has terminated in an ncquital of the accused, after n > trial which occupied fourteen days. ! (FT The Southern Electic for November has been - received, and presents a most inviting table of contents, including original articles from the pens of Southern , writers. GO” Hunt’s Merchant’s Magazine for November ; has also come to hand. Its well established character ranking as it does among the first, if not at the head ol publications of the kind, requires no panegyric from us. Death of E. S. Sayre, Esq. —We learn by a let ter the decease of E. S. Sayre, of this place, while on a visit to Demopolis. Mr. Sayre was an old resident of tiiis place, and was for several years connected with the business department of tiiis paper, lie was a gentle man much esteemed by his friends for his acquirements and ability. He has sufferred often from hemorrhage of the lungs, which we learn was the immediate cause of his decease.— Mont. Journal. Anti Coalition Movement. —The Anti Coalition Democratic Convention, for Middlesex County, Mass., met at Concord, on the 27th ult., and repudiating all connection with the Freesoilers, nominated a separate Senatorial ticket. They passed no resolutions regard ing national affairs. O 3 Mr. McLaue, the Commissioner to China, sails for his destination, from New York, on the 19th in stant. An American Officr at the Turkish Camp.— Tiie camp of ihe Turkish army on the Danube has been visited recently by a great number of European tour its and military men. Capt. Walker, of the mounted Rifles, U. S. Army, had gone to take a look at the grand army of the Crescent. The Captain had betn handsomely received by the Sultan, who gave him a letter of i-ntodnotion to Omar Pacha, the Commander in-chief on the Danube. Sclmfi. —The Reporter of Thursday says theie is in the place, that the citizens are be- Milledgeville, Nov. 7, 1853. SENATE. The Senate was called to order at 10 o’clock A. M., by Luther J. Glenn. lion. J. Dunwagav, of Hall, was called to the choir ; certificates of election were read, and the oath of office administered by Judge Jackson. Messrs. J. D. Stoll, of Fayette, dem., aim Andrew J. Miller, of Richmond, whig, were nominated for the Presidency. Stell was elected on first ballot by a vote of 51 to 45. The eh clion of Secretary was then enter ed upon. The following is a list of the principal candi dates and votes: Ist ballot, Pringle lIJ.l I J. Moore 16. llood 16. Parrott 45. 2d “ “ 22 “ 24 “ 21 “ 28 3d u “ 27 “49 “ 27 “ 4th “ “ 26 “ 49 “ 21 “ The election of Moore gave general satisfaction. lie is a good and true Democrat. HOUSE. The House was called to order at 10 A. M., by R. S. Lanier. Dr. Phillips, of Habersham, was called to the chair, and after certificates of election were read, the oath of office .was administered to the members by Judge Iverson. McDougaU?, dem., of Muscogee, Ward, deni., of Savannah, and Irwin, whig, of Wilkes, were put in nomination for the Speakership. Ist ballot, McDougald 20; Ward 62; Irwin 45; Latham 1 ; Phillips 2 ; Irwin was then withdrawn. 2d ballot, Ward 102; McDoug.tld 28. Mr. Ward was declined duly elected and conducted to the chair, which, by the way, is a very ordinary one. The elec tion for clerk was then announced, and on the Ist bal lot, Wafford received 86 votes, Harrison 37, Lawson 9. Oslin was then elected Messenger, and after one ballot for Door keeper, the House adjourned. The contest for the United States Senator grows warmer, Cobb, McDonald and Iverson are the princi pal candidates, and public sentiment is much devided as to the prospects of each candidate. Much interest is excited as to the result of the election for Judge of the Supreme Court; Wellborn, Benning, Cone, Starke and Starnes are all in the field, and the friends of each are zealously urging their respective claims upon the De mocracy. There is but one Whig in the field, the present incumbent,.Nisbet, who will receive the votes of the body of the whig party and some Democratic support. L. M ILLEDGEVIKLE, NoV. 8. The two Houses met at 10 A. M. Messages were received from tho two Houses informing each other of their organization, and of the appointment of Commit tees to wait on the Governor. The Governor’s mes sage was received, and read, and the twe Houses ad journed for dinner. THE GOVERNOR’S MESSAGE. I send you a copy of this lengthy document, which of course you will transfer to your columns at your ear liest convenience. It is a unpretending docu ment, and is confined exclusively to a consideration of State affairs, and as their interests are personal to every citizen of Georgia, the message will be universally read therefore, it is unnecessary for me to give but a synop sis of it. THE PUBLIC DEBT. The debt of Georgia is only $2,635,472 22. It is a matter of congratulation that it is so small, and that the bonds of the State have been negotiated at a pre mium of 5 per cent. THE CENTRAL BANK. The Governor transferred tin- asset ts of the Bank to the Treasury, and believes that the eontinuace of that institution is no longer necessary. After exhausting the assets of the Bank, there will be $369,500 to be paid out of the Treasury. He recommends that the assets of the Bank be sold to the highest bidder. THE TREASURY. On the 20th October there was a balance of $74,857 35 in the Treasury. Joseph Sturgis as agent of the State, has collected from the United States the sum of $144,890 53. THE TAX LAW. The Governor sanctions the advalorem principle of taxation, but admits that there may be mistakes in the application of the principle in the present tax law, which he recommends the Legislature to correct. He commends the law to the Legislature, and urges them to maintain the advalorem principle with firmness, while they adopt sueli amendments as wisdom and expe Hence may suggest. The Govornor defends the law from the charge that taxes were increased by it. He says the liabilities of the State required an increase of taxes, and if no change had been made in the mode of taxation, st 11 taxes would have been increased. THE STATE ROAD. The Governor recommends a lease of the State Road to a Corporation for 25 years at 5 per cent, on the in vestment. While we approve the suggestion, we ob ject to the terms of the lean. We are informed upon the best authority that 300,000 dollars per annum, can be got for the road, on a lease of five years, and that at the end of that time the profits of the road will be greatly increased, and that the State can get a still larger sum for the next succeeding five years. Under the managetaegt of the late able superinten dents the resources of the road have so increased, as to leave no doubt of the fact, that under proper management a large revenue will accrue to the State from thia source. This is a strong argument against the sale of the road at present. We are iu favor of the State’s holding on to the road until the State debt falls due. The bonds of the State cannot be bought, and the money arising from a sale of the road at this time, would either lie idle in the Treasury, or be squandered by improvident legislation. If the road is leased we suggest to the Leg islature to appropriate the funds to the completion of the Rail Road system of Georgia, at least, until the bonds of the State fall due. The whole State have contribu ted to build the road, and by this use of the money ari sing from the lease of the road, every part of the State would participate in the benefits of this great enter prise. TIIE PENITENTIARY. It is singular that this institution cannot be made prof itable in Georgia. The Governor recommends no change in its management. In Alabama the Penitenti ary i> made profitable, by leasing it to a private individ ual. It would not be amiss for the Legislature of Geor gia to consider the propriety of pursuing the same course with our Institution. CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. High encomiums are paid by the Governor to the managers of these establishments. He recommends that provision be made by a tax on slaves for the sup port of insane negroes in the Assylum. EDUCATION. The educational advantages of Georgia are apprecia ted by the Governoi, hut he admits that no suitable provision is made for the education of the poor. There are 38,000 poor children in the State, and yet, only 23- 000 dollars, or 60 cents a head, are appropriated to their education. The Governor recommends no system, but looks forward to a time when the taxes will be reduced one half, and then he suggests that the proceeds arising from the lease of the State road, be appropriated to tho education of the people. THE PUBLIC PRINTING. The Governor recommends that the public printing be done at Milledgeville, under the eye of the Execu tive, and that power be conferred upon him to transfer the printing whenever the public Printer fails to com plete it in a given time. The last recommendation meets with our cordial sanction, but we can devise no reason for the first, but a desire on the part of Ilis Ex cellency, to advance the claims of a favorito candidate for public Printer, and even in this it will necessarily fail, as the only result of the adoption of such a law, would be to force candidates in other parts of the State to form combinations with persons located at Milledge ville. We, by no means, charge that such was tbe de sign of Governor Cobb, we do not know that he is the advocate of any one’s claims. We only state the effect of his recommendation. ANNUAL SESSIONS. We cordially sanction the recommendations of Gov. Cobb in this regard. We have always regarded biun nial sessions as a humbug. The experience of the State proves that nothing comparatively is saved in a pecuni ary point of view, by the change, and the public inter ests often suffer by the delay, incident to biennial ses sions. MISCELLANEOUS. We also concur in tbe recommendations that the of- Court be made stationary, and of funning a State libra ry worthy of the State. The excuse of the Governor for his delay in erecting a monument to the Memory of John Forsyth, are en tirely satisfactory. We hope the Legislature will make an appropriation worthy of the State, and of the memory of the great man it designs to honor. FEDERAL RELATIONS, The only reference to our Federal relations contained in the message, refers to the outrage perpetrated upon Mr. Lemmons of Virginia, by the judicial authorities of New York. The position of 11 is Excellency on this subject is firm and decided. It is unendurable that a citizen of the United States should be deprived of his property, merely because he carries it by necessity or convenience upon the waters of a sister State. If such a principle is established, the Union will be converted into an engine of oppression, and instead of carry ing out the great ends for which it was established, will under mine one of the great interests it was designed to sub serve. We are pleased to notice that our talanted young townsman R: Emmitt Dixon is Assistant Secretary of the Senate, and that Alexander M- Speer of Bibb, is Assistant Clerk of the House. They are both men of educatien, talent, and efficiency, and discharge their va rious duties with promptness and urbanity. We con gratulate both Houses upon their good fortune in ob taining such efficient officers. We are the more grati fied as they are our own personal friends. The editorial corpse were invited to take seats on the floors of the respective Houses. We promptly availed ourselves of the privilege, and now write in the Hall of the House. Nothing definite has turned up as to the Senatorial election. The friends of the respective candidates are still struggling for mastery. Crisp with his company has arrived, and opened last night with the Lady of Lyons. He had a house chock lull, and among the audience we noticed several beautiful ladies. This was our first sight of the repre sentatives of tho fair sex at Milledgeville, and if they are fair specimens, we anticipate a rich feast in their society this Winter. You may rely on it that the fashion and beauty of the State will be here this session. Come over and admire them. The Ladies have not yet made their appearance in the State House. W’e expect them to-morrow, and then you may hear more from Yours, &c., L. Milledgeville, Nov. 9. The business of the session has not yet fairly com menced, though several bills have been already intro duced. MeDougald in pursuance of tho recommendation of Gov. Cobb, has introduced a bill to re establish annual sessions. This measure seems to meet with very gen eral favor. Mr. Jamison, of Union, has introduced a bill, the object of which is to take the election of Superintendent of the State Road from the Legislature and give the appointment to the Governor. This is also one of the recommendations of Gov. Cobb. Mr. Miller, of Richmond, has introduced a bill to abolish Survivorship in joint tenancy of personal pro perty. Mr. Deadwyle of Madison offered a resolution which passed the Senate to adjourn the Legislature on the 19th of December, and to refuse all legislation on sub jects of which the Superior and Inferior Courts have jurisdiction. In reply to which Mr. Mosely, of Spauld ing whispered i Through all resolves how soon it flies, We break the weak the slender ties. Mr. Sturgis introduced a resolution to print all bills introduced into the Senate. Bills of a local character were also introduced into the Senate by Messrs. Hub bard, Gaston and Drane. The 11th of November was fixed by the House as the day for the election of Solicitor for the Coweta Cir cuit, for winch office there are said to be eleven candi dates, and of Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Savannah, for which there are half dozen candidates, and among them G. M. T. Howard, well and favorably known in Columbus, and Mr. Bilbo, formerly of Albany, but now of Savannah. At 12 M. on yesterday the Senate was received in the Hall of the House for the purpose of counting the vote for Governor. This was the event of the day and elicited much interest as the whig party was not without hopes and the opposition not free from apprehension that some informality in the returns might defeat the will of the people and place Jenkins in the Executive chair, and these hopes and fears were no little increas ed by the presence of Mr. Jenkins during the day in the Hall of the House. We have no idea that he would have accepted tho office upon such terms. The green bag containing the returns was borne to the Speaker’s chair by Senator Boggis, of , who seemed to labor under the load and turned over to the Speaker, and opened in the presence of the two Houses by their presiding officers. Many of them were as long as the moral law, and some informal but no objec tions were made to the reception of any except those from ten counties, the returns from which were certified to the Executive and not to the Speaker of the House. It seems that returns from these ten counties were sent to by the Executive office, and that copies under the seal of the State were sent to the Speaker. Mr. Miller of Richmond objected to the reception of copies when the original could be procured Quite an animated discus sion sprung up upon this question in which Miller, Sturgis and Cone of Bulloch participated, and Anally by general consent a committee was appointed to pro cure the originals, and tho votes of the 10 counties counted from the original returns. The General As sembly was engaged in this tedious work until a late hour, but finished before it adjourned with the gratify ing announcement that Johnson received 47,638 in the late election, and Jenkins 47,128 votes, and that John son’s majority is 510 votes. After the applause subsided which followed this an nouncement the Senate retired to its chamber, and both Houses appointed committees to wait on the Governor elect. This morning the two Houses were informed that the Governor elect would accept the office to which he was elevated, and would take the oath of office at 12 M. At the hour appointed we repaired to the Hall of the House which was partly filled with the fashion of the State who were surrounded on all sides hy the congregated wisdom and manhood of Georgia. Many of their fair laces were exceed ingly lovely and beautiful. At the precise hour the Messenger of the Senate, Wamsley, entered the dense mass which blocked up the door of the Hall, followed by the officers of the Senate. Next came the Rising and Setting Suns arm in arm and proceeded to the speaker's stand and without introduction of any kind or any note of preparation, llsrschel V. Johnson arose arnid the plaudits of tho audience and delivered a chaste, appropriate and sound Inaugural Address, which I send you for publication. lie then placed his right hand on the Holy Bible and holding the Digest in his left hand took the oath of office. Gov. Cobb then presented to him the Seal of trie State, and the President of the Senate arose gave three raps and pro claimed Herschel V. Johnson Governor of the State of Georgia for the next two years. Immediately the vast concourse dispersed amid the firing of cannon and wo retired to the Senate Chamber to write you this hasty communication. L. Milledgeville, Nov. 10. SENATE. Wm. 11. Welder, appeared and took his seat, lie fills the vacancy occasioned by the death of Jno. L Bird, of Taliaferro, and is of course a Whig. An amendment of the constitution was proposed by Mr. Miller, of Richmond, providing that the pay of members shall be reduced one half after the expiration of 50 days of the Session. Mr. Mosely, of Spaulding, offered a bill to charter “Marshall ‘College,” an institu tion of learning, to be located at Griffin, and to be un der the control of the Baptist, Methodist and Christian churches, and the orders of Masons and Odd Fellows. Mr. Stoval, of Columbia, offered a bill to impose a a fine of 50 dollars upon persons oppointed Commis sioners of roads in ease they refuse to serve. The bill to give *he appointment of Superintendent of the State Road to the Governor, was read the second time and referred to the Committee on Iu ternal Im provements. The bill to abolish joint tenancy was read ft second time and referred to the Committee on Judiciary. Mr. Green, of Pike, offered a resolution to bring on Tuesday next. Mr. Sturgis moved to amend by insert in a Thursday, lost. Mr. Dabney, of Gordon, moved to amend, by adding, “and also of a Superintendent of the Western and Atlantic Road.” Mr. Miller, of I;;,. mond, moved to amend the amendment, by adddin,. “provived said election shall not interfere with anv ac tion the Legislation may take this session, in relation to said Road,’’ and resolution as amended, was passed This resolution gave rise to an animated debate j„ wliicdi Messrs. Sturgis, Clarke, Miller and Hull ‘par ticipated. Mr. Clark i* a forcible speaker, and v. , t-ake a high stand in the Senate. Ihe resolution of the House was concurred in to bring on the election of Solicitor for the Coweta circuit and of .fudge of the Court of Common Pleas in Satan - nah on to-morrow. The Senate then adjourned to 10 o’clock to-morrow. Notice was given of a Democratic caucus to be held in the Senate chamber to-night. The object of t]„. caucus is to decide upon the policy ol the party. XL most important question lo be decided, will be the p, ey of caucus nominations for Senator of the I , States, and .Judges of the Supreme Court. The uu. tion is a delicate one, and upon its judicious settlement will depend in a great measure the harmony of the party. A bail was given last nigh at Jluson’s Hotel, w| was largely attended. The Governor will review the Cadets of the Military Institute this afternoon. The corps is encamped n- j vicinity. They paraded yesterday through the - cipal streets of the city, and deported themselves admi rably. We propose to visit tliem this afternoon, it wiil revive old and pleasant reminiscences, and when we catch the military fever by closer contact. \,, u : hear more of them. , (Jen. Cushing’s Letter-Free Soilism denoun, ced. \\ ill the enemies of the administration never ci - thern censeless and mafgnant assaults ? is then virtue enough in their ranks to discern the truth acknowledge it ? Has party malice gone so far ,i ri * there can not be a lower depth for its malevolent ~ ercise ? The charges of free soilism and free soil affiliation which were made the head and front of the opposing lit Georgia have fallen to the ground, one by one -and decisively that none but the most hardened political sinner would venture to prolong them. Secretary McLelan was an out and out free soiler and an enemy to the South, said the Whigs. But hi’ letter of instruction to Marshall Wynkoop* urgir.r, enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Law, convinced t |, e South that the Secretary of the Interior was a faithful co-worker with Gen. Pierce, iu maintaining her rights’ and in giving effective force to the principles avowed in the Inaugural address, to which Messrs. Toombs, den kins, and other whig leaders had given their approve'. Mr. Dix next came in review. He too has silenced their foul batteries. Secretary Guthrie gave in his sec ond letter to collector Bronson, a decided rap on the head of free soilism. Secretary Morey s record needs no defence—he is heart and soul aco worker with the •’resident. Secretary Davis gives a quietus to the char ges of disunion against him, which his enemies will nut very soon revive-his loyalty to the Constitution and the Union, is unquestioned. Yet, in the face of all these facts, the whig press headed by the New York Herald j fetches forth its bilingsgate to the disgust of every right thinking citizen, and to the chagrin, even of their lion j est partizau friends. j As another chapter in this voiumn of proof already elicited, we to-day give a crushing letter from Secretary Cushing. As it is unquestionably authoritative, no one can misunderstand its direct and significant purpose The following is the letter : Washington, Oet. 29, 1553. Dear Sir : I perceive that ,in several counties in Massachusetts coalition senatorial tickets have been formed of associated democrats and free toilers i\h judgment is, that the democrats who have a -in this have done Worse than tu co tatal error. They have abaudoned a principle wllil / fundamental. J/o support or vote for the free soiler* . - Massachusetts avowedly, in the persistent agitation of tie slavery question, and therefore hostile, iu ihe extrem ‘■ degree, to the determined policy of the administration - the I resident entertains immoveable convictions on this point, as I have had occasion to express to you heretofore and all of us whom lie has called to the public sen-,’ here most heartily and zealously sustain his views on the subject, as being the only ones consistent with our p,,. smial honor, the success of the democratic party the g i eral welfare of the country, the integrity ot the constitu tion or the permanency of the Union. If there be anv purpose more fixed than another in the mind of the i’i-- sident and those with whom he is accustomed to consult itis that that dangerous element ol abolitionism. utniJ whatever guise or form it may present itselt, shall t.e | crushed out, so far as this administration is concerned | Tltis the President declared in hisffinaugntal ; this he | has declared ever since, at all times, and°in ail pi.i .-, when he had occasion to speak oil the subject. While he does not assume to judge of the hearts of men vL publicly avow sound principles, lie only needs overt ;■■■ - to show where they are, in order that his settled policy ni the conduct of the affairs of the government shall be un equivocally manifested. Those who have apprehended halting or hesitation on fthe part of the Pi. -. dent in treading any path which truth and patriotism open to him will themselves greatly mistaken. He is un to this occasion, ilis |>olicy was not hastily settled ; wit - he occupies his present position it will never he departed from. The constitutional rights or all the States oi this Union are as dear to him as the rights of New Hamp shire. 1 have perceived from the outset that this great principle of the constitutional rights of tile States is fas tened in his thought as the corner stone of this Union. Depend upon it, no matter what consequences may im pend over him, he will never allow it to be shaken m abolitionists or faetionists, but will set his face like Hint as well as against right hand backslidings as against left hand defections, which may prejudice or embarrass the onward progress ot the republic. 1 remain very truly yours, C. CUSHING. Hon. R. Frotiiingham, Jr., Boston Post, Boston. The Alabama River. —The Selma Reporter of the 3rd inst., says : “The late rains have raised the river. It is now in fine boating order, and we hope the late fa vorable weather has totally expelled the yellow fever from Mobile, and that the winter business wiil at once commence.” Monument to the Mississihti Volunteers. -It has been proposed, and funds are being raised, -ays the Columbus Argus,) to build a monument in Jackson in the memory of the Mississippi Volunteers who ‘ ’ in Mexico, and boxes will be placed at tbe different pre cincts in the State at the ensuing election, in wliiv: money may be deposited for the purpose. Hr Michael McCoy and James Duffy who were ar rested in New York on suspicion of being the mur derers of Catharine Quingley, near Jamaica, Ix>ng Is land, have been honorably acquitted, after a full in> ‘• * gaiiou. (LT Tbe University of Alabama, at Tuscaloosa, resumed its session for the winter under most B ru ble auspices. There were over a hundred stu ■ present the first week. Anew instrueter in the M■’ ern Languages, Prof. Deloffroe, has entered on hi> ties. The town and vicinity are perfectly healthy. O* Our last advices from the Gut of Canso annouv that about one hundred fishing vessels were in tho pu. suit of a large shoal of mackerel in that vicinity, th • by encroaching upon the alleged rights of the colon is-* Asa consequence, Admiral Seymour has ordered B. M. steamer Bonito to proceed to the neighbor; • • to protect tbe interests of the colonial fishermen. (ET Fredrick J. Fuller, a miser, was found iiis room in New York on Friday. He had r his pocket and bank deposites to the amount of >-• An examination showed that his death was caused a want of nourishment. IET Mr. Kendall, postmaster at New Orlcat *. been sued for damages for unlawfully, it is aliegtd. mining a letter, whereby the per soil to whom n “ ‘ addressed lost $560 on a lot of lemons. The letter • taining the bill of lading on the lemons from \ era t 1 it is said, was repeatedly called for, but was not cov ered until after it was advertised. (LT An American who visited Baron Hum whose namo is fainilKai* to almost tho “lto.c draws a comparison between tltis trdy 1 1 and Baron Rothschild. One is distinguished tor w ••• the other for learning. Boron UnmholJt ‘ ho was too poor to purchase or retool o copy o o works 1 ——