Newspaper Page Text
TIMES & SENTINEL
~ COLUMBUS, GEORGIA.
TUESDAY MORNING, JUDY 14, 1857
FOR GOVERNOR
JOSEPH E . BROWN,
OF CIIEBOKEE COUNTY.
Position of the Southern Pemoeiecy.
There never was, and, we •‘ar, never will be, an*
other party in the Uniou so true to the Constitution,
so devoted to the South, or so little solicitous of person*
at advancement as the Southern Democracy. From
first to last, this noble party has stood by the flag of its
principles as resolutely in the day of adversity and over
throw, as in the proudest day of success and triumph.
And this many of the leading spirits of the opposition
have endorsed during its whole career, by breaking
loose from the prejudices, friendships and associations
of a life time and joining its ranks, And in support of
these positions we confidently appeal to its glorious
record.
The secret of their unexampled suceess is found in
the fact that they have great cardinal political principles
and stand by them at every hazard.
They again come before the people with their prin
ciples and candidates and confidently anticipate another
triumph.
Their position at present is peculiar, bnt it is a noble
and brave one.
The slavery question has disturbed the peace of the
country for 40 years. The Federal Government, with
oat the shadow of Constitutional authority, has, time
and again, assumed jurisdiction over it, to the immi
nent peril of the Union. In 1854, the National De
mocracy were called on to settle this disturbing element
in American politics. This oould not be done without
undoing the so-called Compromise of 1820, By the
legislation -of that year, Congress passed an act
excluding Southern property from all the Territories of
United States lying north of 36 deg. 30 min , while all
Territory South of that line was left open alike to
Northern and Southern emigration and settlement.—
This odious discrimination against the South and her
institutions was formally repealed by the passage of the
Nebraska-Kansas Aet and the whole of the Territory
of the United States opened to all citizens, North and
South. But this great act went further, aDd denied to
Congress any right to legislate upon the subject of slave
ry in the Territories, and in express terms, referred
the whole subject to the people of the Territories or
ganized by that aet.
This -let was endorsed by the National Democracy
in Convention at Cincinnati, and incorporated into the
platform of the party. There was, it is true some di
versity of sentiment in the party as to whether the
Territorial Legislature eoold legislate upon the subject
of slavery ; but all agreed that when a Convention met
to frame a Constitution preparatory to admission into
tile Union as a State, that body had sovereign and ple
hary power over the subject, and whatever might be
the provisions of their Constitution on the subject of
slavery, the Congress of the United States were bound
to admit the new State into tho Union upon an equality
with tho old Thirteen States.
Now, it is clearly a mistake that the Democracy
were pledged to make Kansas a slave State. That was
a question for the people of the Territory alone to de
termine. True, the Southern Democracy hoped that
Kansas wonld be a slave State, and in season and out
of season, urged jhe raising of men and money for Kan
sas. This was the only mode in which the Southern
Demooraoy oould effectually act io the premises, and in
this respect they have done their whole duty. It is
certain that both the Legislatures which have met in
Kansas have been with the South. It is equally certain
that a majority of the delegates to the Convention
which assembles in September next to frame a Consti
tution for Kansas are pro-slavery. The Sooth certain
ly occupies the vantage ground in Kansas, and it is ad
mitted on all hands that our success has been achieved
by lawful means aDd in strut conformity’ to the organic
act and the Constitution and laws of the United States
But if, on the oontrarv, the Convention, legally elected,
were opposed to slavery, ‘he Southern Democracy
would cheerfully submit to its aetiou and vole for the
admission of the new State into the Union, albeit the
North already has a preponderance in the Union.
Unfortunately for the country. Gov. Walker has !
seen fit to overturn the work of years ; to meddle with !
questions over which neither he nor the Federal Gov- !
eminent had any jurisdiction ; and in contravention of
the principles of the Nebraska Kansas Act and of the
Cincinnati platform, to take into his hands the appro
priate work of the Convention shortly to assemble to
frame a Constitution. There may be a doubt whether
Kansas is adapted to slave labor ; but that was a question
for the Convention to determine. There may be some
doubt as to whether the Constitution adopted should be
referred to the people of Kansas for ratification—hut
that, too, was a question for the Convention to deter
mine. There may be some doubt as to who are the
people of Kansas —the registered voters or the actual res
idents of the Territory at the time of the submission of
the Constitution—but that, too, was a question for the
Convention to determine. The Southern Democracy
are prepared to submit to and sustain the action of the
Convention on all these questions, whether it be favora
ble or unfavorable to the South. Every people assent
bled in Convention are sovereign, and no power on
earth has the right to diotate to them what they shall or
shall not do, and the only limitation upon their power
is that they must adopt a Republican form of Govern
ment to obtain admission into the Union.
And this is the issue between the Southern Demon- i
racy and Governor Walker. We hold that the Con
vention may, if it see fit, make Kansas a slave State or
a free State ; that it may, if it see fit, submit the Con
stitution for ratification to the people or to the regis
tered voters—or to no one. It is their business. No
other power has the right to interfere. Neither the
President, uor Congress, nor the Governor of the
Territory, has any right to question their action. The
Convention is endowed with all the attributes es
sovereignty. It is the State. Gov. Walker thinks
differently. The Convention must do his bidding, or he
will oppose their admission into the Union 1 And who,
pray, is Gov. Walker, that he should assume to play
the tyrant over a free people ? An Executive Appointee,
whose only power and duty is to obey and execute the
laws of the Territory ; and yet he presumes to dictate
to a body clothed with all the awful attributes of sove
reignty !
His course is utterly indefensible. The Southern
Democracy have reprobated it, and have asked for hie
recall.
It is rumored that the Administration will not only
refuse to recall Gov. Walker, but will sus.ain his policy.
We cannot believe it. But if it does—“To your tents,
O Israel’’ will ring like a war cry from one end of the
South to the other, and the Administration will forfeit
all hold upon the South.
This, as we conceive it, is the position of the South
ern Democracy. They exhibit to day, a sublime speo
taole before the world. A party in the first flush of a
glorious victory, and before the spoils are distributed,
are ready and prepared to break with the chief of their
ohoice, if the alternative is forced upon them, and peril
all for their principles. We learn that tho opposition
chuckle over the anticipated sohism in the Democrats
party. Let them langh on. The people of the South
are with the Democracy and will stand by them in this!
great emergency.
Trouble in the Sixth District.
James P. Simmons, of Gwinnett, is announced as
a candidate for Congress in opposition to James Jack’
son, the democratic nominee of the Gainesville Con’
vention. It is alleged by the friends of Mr. Simmons,
that Mr. Jackson procured the nomination by unfair
means. This is the only issue tendered. “If this
nomination was a fair one, all good democrats,” says
Mr. Simmons, “should cheerfully submit to it, but if
it waR not, all good men should frown indignantly up*
on it.”
There was a sqabble in the Convention about dele
gates from Hart and Rabun. There were two sets
from each of these counties. The Jackson delegates
were admitted, and secured him the nomination.
Unless the seceding delegates oan make out a strong
case, they are acting unwisely in repudiating the
regular party nominee. The question involved, bow
ever is a local one, and we submit the matter to
the people directly concerned. They will doubtless
aot as impartial judges.
The Southern Banner and the Democratic Plat
form.
The Southern Banner , published at Athens, Ga.,
says the resolutions adopted by the late Convention of
the Democratic party of Georgia, “meet (its) appro
bation in the main,’* hut “suggests that the Conven
tion was a little premature in laying down the recall of
Governor Walker, as the only manner in which Mr.
Buchanan ean manifest his fidelity to the principles
which carried him into office ” The Banner “has that
confidence in Mr Buchanan and his Cabinet that iudu
ees (it) to leave them to aot under the circumstances aw
will seem best.”
The Southern Banner is, so far as we have seen,
the only paper in Georgia, that has expressed dissatis
faction at the iesolutions adopted by the Convention.
We hope for the honor of Georgia, thas it will be left
“alone in is glory.” The Democratic party. North
and Sooth, is pledged to non*sinterventon with slavery
in the Territories. It will not and eaunot be denied
that Governor Walker has intervened, and is now using
his official position to drive slavery out of the Territory
of Kansas. Governor W T alker is the appoiutee of the
administration. He says his policy is sanctioned by the
President. If he is retained in office under these cir
cumstances, and his policy sustained , it i9 impossible
to hold the administration harmless in the pre
mises. The Georgia Convention did not say that
the removal of Walker was “the only manner in
which Mr. Buchanan cao manifest his fidelity to
the principles which carried him into office.*’ This
might be done, doubtless, by new letters of instruction in
which his previous policy might be repudiated. But
the easiest and simplest and plainest way of showing
disapprobation of his policy would be to remove him,
and this the administration is expected to do by nine
tenths of the Georgia democracy. If the administra
tion stands by Walker, the Georgia democracy will not
stand by the administration. They voted for Mr. Buck
anan in the honest expectation that he would observe
tho provisions of the Nebraska Kansas Act, by which
the people of the Territory were left “perfectly free to
form and regulate their domestic institutions in their
own way, subject only to the Constitution of the United
States/*
Now will it be pretended that the people of the
Territory are left “perfectly free,’’ when a Federal
Appointee is authorized to dictate to the Convention of
the Territory who shall and who shall not vote upon
the ratification of tho Constitution of the Territory, as
Walker has done? Surely not. Perversion itself could
not go so far. What then ? Clearly Walker must be
removed, or his Proconsular interference with the peo
pie of the Territory in the formation of their domestic
institutions be repudiated by the administration, or the
administration will be particeps criminis in the crimes
of its Appointee.
Knowing as we do, that the great body of the South*
ern democracy will stand by the platform of princip.es
recently promulgated by the democracy of Georgia,
and by the democracy of Mississippi, and that the ad
ministration will lose the support of the South if it sue
tains Walker, we feel it to be our duty to speak the
troth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, on
this great question.
We cannot be accused of want of fidelity to the
administration. The Times Sentinel was the first
paper in the whole Union that nominated James Buch
anan as the successor of Franklin Pierce. We have !
a personal interest therefore in tho success of his ad
ministration. Walker and his acts must be repudiated
by the administration, if it hopes to receive Southern
support. The issue is upon us, and the sooner it is
met and decided, the better for the administration, the
better for the democratic party, the better for the
Union. The Southern democracy cannot and will not
carry Governor Walker on their backs. He has viola
ted his* solemn pledges to Southern democratic Sena
tors who urged his appointment to high office upon the
administration ; he has totally disregarded the Cincin
nati platform, and the compacts of the Nebraska
sas Act in the administration of his Government ; the
Southern people have long lost all confidence in him as
! a man and a politician ; he is a milestone about the
neck of the administration, and will drag it down
to inevitable ruin, if he is not removed from his place.
Strange News from Kansas.
Mayor Treadwell, of Columbia, S. C., has reo< ived i
a letter from Ex Senator Atchison, acknowledging j
i the receipt of s'29l, forwarded by him, which will j
| cause much surprise at the South. He .sajs: “1 can
i not tell what will be the result in Kansas; our friends
in the Southern States are very apathetic, and some of
our friends who have heretofore strained every nerve,
spent their money and their time, are beginning to dee
pair, and others are turning their attention to specula
tion and money making. I therefore would suggest
that no more money be raised in South Carolina ; tho
people of that State have been liberal above all other
of the Southern States. Yet I tear that the North
has, and will raise and expend in Kansas, to effect their
unholy purposes, ten dollars where we can raise one.
Yet 1 do not despair.*’
What does the Ex-Senator mean ? The effect of this
letter is to render utterly ineffectual any further exer
tion to assist our friends in Kansas, and to paralyze
completely the ardor of the commissioner, Alpheue Ba- |
ker, Jr. Esq., whom they had sent forth to solicit aid, j
and to make their last appeal to the South for funds and I
emigrants. That gentleman has consequently retired j
from the field.
Savannah Georgian Revived.
We are gratified to announce the revival of this j
tune-honored democratic Journal, under the auspices i
of A. R. Lamar, Esq., late of Atnericus, Ga. The
Georgian will be “essentially and thoroughly democrat- •
ic, but independently so ; not the creature of a party,
the tool of a clique, or the organ of a faction, but a
(inn, fearless and honest exponent of the great cardi- j
nal principles upon which rests the democratic party of |
the country, and a warm and zealous supporter and de- j
fender of men whose elevation is requisite to give per j
manency and strength to those principles.” The first i
number of the Georgian revived, made its appearance
on the 4th of July, and the editor and proprietor ex
presses the confident hope that, “so long as the 4th of
July shall be an honored day in this country, the Geor
gian may live, to welcome it as the anniversary of its
second birth.’’
The Military Encampment.
The military encampment at Milledgeville was
tirely successful. Fourteen volunteer companies and
the Cadets of the Georgia Military Academy respond
ed to the invitation of the’ Governor. Returned visit
ors express the greatest admiration for the appearance,
drill and military spirit of the volunteers. Where all
did well it would be invidious to particularize. We
are proud to know that the Columbus companies rank
ed among the first on the field.
The brigade was under the command of Major
Brumley of the Military Academy.
The oratiou of Gov. Johnson elicited much applause.
The hospitality of the citizens of Milledgeville, was
equal to the large demands made upon it.
We hope to furnish fuller accounts of the encamp
ment hereafter.
John Anthony Winston a Candidate tor U. S.
Senator.
We find in the Alabama papers a characteristic
letter from Jno. Anthony Winston declaring himself
a candidate for United States Senator in opposition to
Clement C. Clay. It seems that some democratic pa*
pers, friendly to the re-election of Mr. Clay, have ur
ged upon the people the policy of requiring their can
didates for the Legislature to declare their choice for
Senator, as between Clay and Winston. Governor
Winston says these papers were unauthorized to assign
him the position of a candidate for Senatorial honors,
but as he regards the movement as an attack upon his
policy in reference to State aid, he accepts the position
assigned him, aud submits the issue to the people.
Messrs. Clay and Winston belong to the same political
sohool. Either would make an able and reliable Sen
ator.
American State Convention
This body assembled at Milledgeville on Wednesday,
Bth inst. Only 56 out of 119 counties were represented.
Benjamin H. Hill, of Troup county, was nominated by
acclamation as the candidate of the, so-called, Ameri.
can party, for Governor of Georgia.
Mr. Hill is a young man, 33 or 34 years old, of con
siderable talent and energy, who was but recently
brought to the notice of the people of Georgia as the
unsuccessful opponent of Hiram Warner for Congress I
The Washington Union and the Georgia De
mocracy.
The Washington Union concludes a long and la
bored article on Governor Walker and the South , with
the declaration that the “Georgia and Mississippi de
mocracy have pronounced their judgment rather has
tily” *n the course of Governor Walker in Kansas. —
The Georgia democracy reciprocated *.he compliment
of the Washington Union and are clearly of the opin
ion that the Washington Union, dors not comprehend
the issue tendered by the Geoigia democracy. “Our
Georgia friends” maintain that “the people of Kansas
have the power to decide the question of slavery (or
themselves, by iost-rting in their constitution whatever
provision on that subject they think proper’’ and it wan
a waste of valuable space for the Editor to belabor this
proposition in his edit -rial columns. Neither do “our
friends in Georgia” “think that the constitution of
Kansas ought not to be submitted to a direct vote of
the people in their primary capacity/* This question
was not raised, was not discussed, was not decided by
the Georgia convention, and the Washington Union
has wasted valuable time and space in its discussion.—
This is a question for the Kansas convention, and the
Georgia Democracy will cheerfully abide by its decis- i
ion. But who are the people? What shall be the
qualifications of a voter on the constitution when it
comes to he submitted ? If the convention should de j
cide to submit the constitution to the people, it would
unquestionably have the right to prescribe the qualifica
tions of voters. On this point the Georgia Democra
cy are not at issue with the Washington Union.
But what has all this to do with the issue raised
by the Georgia Democracy with Governor Walker,
his aiders and abettors ? We answer, literally noth
ing.
We charge that Governor Walker, in Ids inaugural
address and in his Topeka speech, has placed himstll in
open hostility to those cardinal principles of the Demo
cratic party which the Washington Union and tho
Georgia Democracy alike hold sacred.
Now to the proof. First ;.s to the submission of the ;
constitution to a direct vote of the people fir ratification.
The Washington Union admits that the submission of ‘
the constitution to a direct vote of the people in their
primary capacity “is not in all cases a sine qua non. j
t But what says Govern* r Walker? We quote from
his inaugural address the following paragraph—it is re
peated in his T*>peka speech.
“I repeat, then, says Governor Walker, as my clear j
conviction that unless the convention submit the consti- ;
tulion to the vole of all the. actual resident settlers of ;
Kansas, and the election freely and justly conducted,
the constitution will he and ought to bo rejected by
Congress.”
Here Governor Walker not only assumes the right
to dictate to the convention as to whether they will
submit their constitution to a direct vote of the people,
but insolently threatens them *ith exclusion from tho
Union unless all actual bona fide resident s tilers of
Kansas at the time are allowed to vote upon it
This we submit is in direct conflict with the position
of the Washington Union itself in the article under re
view. The Union asks—“who-are the people? What
shall be. the qualifications <4 a voter on the constitution ;
when it ci mte to be submitted?’’ And vey properly j
replies—“we answer that this is for the convention to set*
! tie.” Not so Gov. Walker, lie holds that unless all ac
tual resident settlers are allowed to vote, Congress will
and ought to reject the application of the new State for
admission into the Union. Des the Washington Union ,
does the administration, sustain Walker in this position ?
Will they—like Walker—il the convention retuse to sub
mit their constitution lo a direct vote —or limit the fran
chise to registered voters—or prescribe a six months resi
dence as a prerequisite to the enjoyment of the franchise —
“join (the Topeka men) in lawful opposition to jheir pro
ceedings?” ’The question is a plain one and we hope it
will elicit a direct and unequivocal answer. It may he
proper to add, in conclusion to this branch of the subject*
that the Georgia democracy stand on the Cincinnati Plat
form, and the Nebraska Kansas act, and cannot and will
not sustain any departure from them. We stand by the
ancient landmarks, and will not desert them at the bidding
of Governor Walker, on the soothing argumentation of
the Washington Union.
Secondly : we charge Governor Walker with arguing
the free State side of the question. This we hold was a
departure from the strict neutrality to which the administra
tion and the democratic party is pledged. The Union
does not fairly interpret those paragraphs of the inau
! gural address relating to this point. True he announces
| the truism” thatslayery is governed by “ isothermal lines
i but ho goes further and argues that slavery is unsuited to
Kansas—what are we to understand by his reference to the
“ elevated plains of Kansas, stretching to the base of our
American Alps—the Rocky mountains—and enclosing
their eastern crest crowned with perpetual snow, from
which sweep over her prajries those chilling blasts, reduc
ing the average range of the thermometer here (in Kansas)
to a temperature nearly as low as that of New England ?”
Is not the inference erresistible that the institutions of New
England are suited to Kansas in the opinion of this model
Governor ? And when it is known that the western coun
ties of Missouri are the stronghold of slavery in that State
and that the soil and climate of a largo portion of Kansas
is similar to that of Western .Missouri, it cannot surprise
the Washington Union that the Georgia Democracy
should regard this Free State argument of Governor Wal
ker as “harsh and ungracious.”
It is no defence of Governor Walker to tell us that he is
“a Southern man” or that “tho extremest men of the South
! pressed him upon .Mr. Buchanan for the highest place in
j his cabinet.” These facts will justify his appointment, but
| aggravate his treason. We might retort that Mr Secreta
j ry Cobb, refused to serve in the same cabinet with him,
; and that Mr. Buchanan so far endorsed Mr. Cobb's views
| as to refuse him a place in his cabinet.
| But all this is extraneous matter. The question is—Has
i Governor Walker in his office adhered .to democratic
| principles ? If he has, he ought to be maintained : if he has
not, he ought to be removed
Ethel Somers.
We have received from the publisher, Mr. li. D.
| Norrcll, of this city, a work entitled “ Ethel Somers
!or the Fate of the Union; by a Southerner,” which
! we referred to a few days ago as ready to be issued
! from the press. We have not yet had the leisure to
| examine it carefully, but venture without reading it, to
commend it to the attention of others, as we know the
author. We s all refer to it again when better pre
pared to pronounce upon its merit.— Constitutionalist.
Homicide in Chattahoochee. —Peter Saunders, of
Chattahoochee county, shot John Saunders on Saturdav
night, 4th inst., killing him instantly. The parties
were living together, though not related lo each other.
The awful deed wa9 perpetrate! in a drunken row.
Peter Saunders was arrested and admitted to bail on the
6th inst.
The New Metropolitan Police Bill.— The
Court of Appeals made its decision on the Metropolitan
Police Bill, on the 2d inst. The Court pronounces
the aot of the Legislature reorganizing the police of the
city of New York, constitutional.
The Columbus Military.
The “Columbus Guards,” Gapt. Semmes, “City
Light Guards,’’ Capt. Colquitt, and the “United Rifles*’
Capt. Wilkins, were vere handsomely received yester
day by the “Macon Volunteers’’ and “Floyd Rifles”
on the arrival of the former at the depot. On tho ap
proach of the train, there was the usual salute from a
field piece, and after tho Columbus Batallion formed
into line, they were received and escorted to Brown’s
Dining Saloon, where the bountiful Luuch had been
prepared for them, by our military. After doing jus
ttce lo the subject before them, and several patriotic
speeohes having been delivered, the Columbus compa
nies were escorted to Camp Oglethorpe, where they
pitched their tents for the day. They afterwards dined
at the hotels. This morning the Columbus Guards
and City Light Guards paraded our streets, in full dress
uniform, and made a brilliant display. In fact, we have
never seen greater precision of evolution and celerity
of movement, than were exhibited by these companies.
They show that they had the advantage of accomplish
ed drilled officers and have improved their opportuni
ties to the high standard of “Regular’’ discipline. Cos
lumbus has reason to be proud of her ‘’citizen sol
diery,” atd need be under no apprehension that their
flag will be lowered, to superior skill, in the military
tournament to which they are invited, on to-morrow.
Our oity- military leave Macon with the Columbus
troops, this morning at 11 o’clock, by special train, but
as our paper goes to press about that hour, we are not
able to give farther particulars.— Geo. Citizen, 3d.
California. —John B. Walker will probably be the Dem
ocratic candidate for Governor of California, Great efforts
I will be made at the coming election by the Democracy to
redeem the State from Know Nothing rule.
For the Times aud Sentinel.
LJETTRR FROM HINJBSUTA.
St. Pauls, M. TANARUS., June ‘26, 1857.
Messrs. Editors:— ln my last “jottings by the way
side,” I was a sojourner at Leavenworth City, K. TANARUS., but
have in part retraced my stops to take anew start for the
North West. Therefore I returned to St. Louis, took the
Illinois Central Railroad to Dunleith,lying on the Mississip
pi river immediately opposite Debuque, Wisconsin, where
1 took the steamer Grey Eagle, for this fast and thriving
city. In my travels to this place, a few incidents may not
be uninteresting to your readers.
I took passage from Leavenworth City in the‘Aubrey,’
bound for Jefferson City, and on the first day out, in
•‘rounding to” to make a landing, the bow ol our boat
struck the bank so violently as to throw one ol the passen
gers into the river to drown and become the tood for the
fishes that infest its waters. The man never rose but once
alter being thrown into the water, nor did there appear to
be any anxiety evinced on the part ot the officers com
manding the boat, as no effort was made by them to save
the man. But after landing some distance below to put
out a little freight, the loss in numbers was made up to us
by an auxiliary of two or three new passengers. To my
astonishment and mortification, on making enquiry the
next day of tho, mate ol the Steamer, the name ot the man
! drowned, 1 was told by him that he did not know, “as no
| enquiry had been instituted,nor would there be, unless by
j the passengers themselves.” I immediately made enquiry
I among the passengers, but could find none who knew him
; or where he was from, nor could I even obtain his name
| from the Clerk of the boat, who had a registry ol the
i names of all the passengers on boaad. Therefore, so tar
| as an affectionate wife, orphan’d children, parents or bro
j there and sisters, (it. he had any,) are concered, his fate
j must forever remain a sealed book lo them. Such heart
! lessness on the part of the officers who commanded the
: Aubrey, can offer no excuse to justify them in their indif
erence to the fate ol a fellow mortal, who lost his life
through their carelessness.
I passed through the town of Pana, 111., where, some
five or six days previous, a tornado had passed over,sweep
pingdestruction and, in oueinstance, death in its way.
Thirty two houses were blown down and swept away be
sides much other injury.
The crops in Missouri are very far from being satisfacto*
ry. In many parts, those who sowed wheat, will not get
back their seed. This, lam told, is the general rule. The
exception is the lact, I should judge. In passing through
Illinois, from South to North, I found the wheat crop
looking very well, but heard some complaint irom the
farmers ot its having been injured by the excessive cold
weather last winter- In all parts of my travels,the lateness
of the season forms one general subject of complaint. 1
have not yet traveled enough in this portion ot our conti*
nent to form any correct idea ol the general fertility ot the
soil, topography ot the country, or its adaptation to farm
ing purposes, but I find it more prolific in city making, ei
ther real or ethereal , if possible, than is Kansas and Ne
braska, with one entire chain of cities ranging or skirting
the banks of the Missouri River, from Omoka to the Mis
souri line. While, in this Territory, it cannot boast of ha
ving so lengthy and continuous a city, the loss is more
i than made up by making use of both the W isconsin and
Minnesota sides of the river, to give them room to carry
; out their mammoth schemes of city making. 1* rom the
rapidity of manufacturing cities in this Territory, (mostly
j on paper, I should suppose,) it would take one ot Hoe s
j Eight Cylinder Presses to supply a topography of each,
with the great advantages that each possesses over the oth
; er. So numerous are these paper cities, that on the emi
emigrant attempting to make a selection of the one he will
i build up by the addition of himself and family, he becomes
: perplexed and bewildered; and, fearful, lest he might
make an injudicious choice, concludes to lay off a city
himself. This is the only philosophical way lean account
for the zest for city making heie.
The scenery on the upper Mississippi is bold and rbtnuu
i tic, and, unlike any I have ever seen before. In sailing up
the broad bosom of the river as in many places it spreads
i out for miles, forming innumerable islets, flakes, &c., with
! an apparent coast range of mountains on either side, that
rise some three hundred or more feet before reaching the
j table land back, with a spur at some points almost hang
! ing overhand at others, innumerable turrets are formed,
whose bold columns project in bold relief from their base to
rear their majestic heads apparently above other parts of
its terrific and awful frowning aspect as represented to the
eye, forms the grand feature to the beholder, as he views it
when sailing the mighty river that laves its gorgeous
sides.
The population of St. Rauls is estimated at about 1*2,000.
St. Anthony 6000, Minneapolis, immediately across the
river, some two or three thousand, and Stillwater about
the same number. All ol which are rival cities, and each
contending for the supremacy. Lots are selling here and
at St. Anthony for S3OO and S4OO per foot, and everything
else almost in proportion, Like Kansas in the West, the
people here are talking about the farming country extend
ing several hundred miles north, and ol the people going
there to settle them. I suppose, however, this is in pursuit
of some site not already selected to build a city upon.—
I have not yet become a victim to the cupidity of these
city making sharks, but may fall a prey to them herer.fter.
“Free Niggerisrn” here appears to be the popular senti
ment, as If they were fearful of planting slavery in a Sibe
rian climate. We will not quarrel with them if they do
prefer the “nigger” or African east to the white or Caucas
sian race and color, but we prefer to have them confine
their sympathy to their own subjects.
TOURIST.
communicated.
The Encampment at Milledgeville.
j Perhaps a brief account of our recent trip and Encamp
ment at Milledgeville will arrest the eye of the reader of
j the Times.
The three companies of Columbus were all aboard for
Macon at 4 o’clock on the morning of the *2d inst. Arri
ving at Uncle Sam’s, at Geneva, we were drugged with
some mixture which wa3 called brandy punch, (a fact we
should not have known had we not been told,) and took
breakfast, which Uncle Sam had all ready on our arrival.
Arriving at Macon, we were greeted with outstretched
arms and hospitable hearts by our brethren in arms, the
Macon Volunteers and Floyd Rifles. Such hospitality as
we received from the .Military of Macon, is not often al
lotted to mortals in this life. From the momen| we ..tread
the soil of Macon till we bid it adieu on our return from
Milledgeville, we were the Iprtunate recipients of innurner
ble favors by these beautiful and martial corps. They
drugged us, drenched us, rubbed us up and curried us down
until our boys were astonished beyond measure. After re
maining at Macon for 24 aboard was again soun**
ded, and being then in company with the Macon Military,
five companies set feet on the hills of Milledgeville from
one train. Amid the booming of cannon and fluttering of
flags, we pitched our tents side by side. What a spectacle
was there; tho flower of the military of tho State, like
good neighbors flourished together and met and mingled in
one common cause. How they respected each other’s
rights though a quasi martial law ruled the camp. But
while soldier will and must respect soldier, Shanghais
and geese are considered outlaws and traitors, and are to
be sacrificed when a_crow or cackle tells ot their wherea
bouts; nor can bolts or bars confine or protect them when
insulted justice cries out. But does’nt it look tunny to see
a small bird like Jour oyster” of the S. V. G. making way
with so many large fowls. The “Goose Question” has
succeeded and that by going for the geese and not prin>
ciples.
All the companies which were encamped on the ground
—excepting the Baldwin Blues and Putnam Rifles— I be
lieve arrived on the 3d. It was a busy sight till nightfall
in getting the tents in order and baggage stowed away.
On the 4th,at about 10 A. M., the camp was forming
for the parade to Gov. Johnson’s address. The
battalion formed was under the command of Maj. A. V
Brumby, Superintendent of the Georgia M ilitary Institute.
Though not as a matter of right in mil itary rule and dis
cipline, yet, through courtesy to the Governor and citizens
of Milledgeville, the Captains of the respective Compa
nies submitted to his command.
It becomes not a private to speak of the ability ol eom>*
mandiug officers, yet, judging from the murmurs of dis
satisfaction through the camp, Maj. B. was not the man
for the occasion, either in point of capability or of right to
command.
It is with extreme pleasure that 1 can refer to the gen-
tlemanly and soldierly bearing of the different Volunteer
Companies of our State. How my heart beat with hon
est pride and patriotic emotion at beholding this pageant
train. How all seemed like brothers, united by a common
interest, a common danger, and encouraged by the same
hopes. How could we but think should ever those old red
hills be made still redder by the blood of battle, that we
could staud as a rallying point to the brave of our
own Georgia, and there stand or if necessary fall together.
/have already extended this beyond my intention, yet
we saw so much and hoard so much that it seems that I
have not made a beginning. The address of Governor
Johnson I understand will be published,and the sermon of
Dr. Talmage I leave to more sailed hands.
I cannot close these rambling thoughts without a refer
ence to the Savannah Volunteer Guards, and in writing ol
them—their gentlemanly bearing, their sociability, their
perfection in drill, &e., lam like the swearing man who
lost'the ashes, I haven’t words to express myself. By my
admiration of this corps, however, I do not mean to de
tract from the other corps. lam a scribbling private, and
write without orders from headquarters or even subaltern
officers. C. G.
Governor of Maine. —Lot M. Morrill has been nomina
ted by the Black Republicans of Maine their candidate for
Governor.
Military Encampment.
The Federal Union, of the Bth, gives the following list
of companies and officers in attendance at the Encamp
ment iu Milledgeville:
CADETS—GEORGIA MILITARY INSTITUTE.
Col A V Brumby, Superintendent.
Mai McConnell, Commandant of the Corps.
company A.
Capt John Mil ledge, Ist Lieut. J C Wetters.
COMPANY B.
Capt. Geo W Thomas, Ist Lieut W 11 Smith.
company c.
Capt W L Sykes, Ist Lieut J G Blount.
company and.
Capt G W Lamar, Ist Lieut G W Me Dade.
Liberty Independent Troup—Liberty Camay
Capt T W Fleming.
• J. Lieut W G Thomas, acting as 1-t Lieut.
3 Cornet, W L Walter “ *2d “
Ist Serg’t B S Scriven “ Cornet.
Irish Jasper Greens—Savannah.
Capt John McMahon, Ist Lieut John Foley,
•2d Lieut J B Foley, Ensign Murphey.
Savannah Volunteer Guards.
Capt.) R Serivcn,
Ensign VV S Bassenger, acting Ist Lieut.
Ist Sergt W L Houpt “ 2tt ‘*
‘2d “ G W Stiles “ 3d “
Columbus Guards — Columbus.
Capt R J Semmes,
•2d Lieut W C Hodges, acting Ist Lieut.
3d W G Clemons, “ ‘2d “
Macon Volunteers — Macon.
Capt Robt A Smith, Ist Lieut AG Butts, 2.1 Lieut.
John Knight, fid Lieut B M Polhill, Ensign R L Wood.
Oglethorpe Infantry—Augusta.
Ist Lieut James O Clarke, commanding.
IstSergr H B Adams acting as Ist Lieut.
2d • “ Jno T Miller “ 2d “
3d “ J N Andrews** 3d “
City Light Gards—Columbus.
Capt R II Colquitt, Ist Lieut James Hamilton,
2d Lieut Wm Turner, 3d Lieut D C Jackson,
4th Lieut W A King.
Republican Blues—Savannah.
Capt J W Anderson, Ist Lieut W H Davis,
2 I Lieut John R Johnson, Ensign John Oliver.
Oglethorpe Light Infantry — Savannah.
Capt S Bartow, Ist Lieut W B Jackson,
2d Lieut John Godfrey, Ensign C Way.
Baldwin Blues — MiUedgvilie.
Capt W S Rockwell, Ist Lieut E J White, 2d JLfeut
Geo P Doles, 3d L VV Wall, Ensign John flays.
Floyd Rifles—Macon
Capt Thos Hardeman, Ist Lieut G W Ross,
2d Lieut H N Ellis, 3d S B Day.
Fu t nam R ifies —Eaton ton.
Capt J R Branham,
Ist Lieut R B Nisbet,
3d “ A F Griggs, acting 2d Lieut,
Ensign B F Merely, “ 3d “
Ist Sergt R T Davis, “ Ensign.
United Rifles—Columbus.
Capt F G Wilkins, Ist Lieut E H Musgrove, 2d Lt
L B Duck, 3d Lt F M Brooks, 4th Lt G W Spellman’
Clinch Rifles— Augusta.
Capt C A Platt, Ist Lieut J D Butt,2d Lieut J G
Marshall, 3d Lieut D R Ansley.
Washington Artillery —Augusta.
Capt D Kirkpatrick, 2d Lieut G D Barnes, 3d Lieut
J .1 Jacobus.
[From the Southern Recorder 7th.:
Military Encampment—4th of July.
Our oily, lor the last lew days, lias presented a sce?'-e
ol pleasant excitement, and every one seems to be upon
the qui vice to hear and m=u all that its going on. The
Encampment is all the talk, and thousands were seen
wending their way to look upon the soldiers. The 4th
of July \v;s, ns it should be, the great day, and long will
it be remembered by the citizens of this place and those
from abroad, \ ho came to witness the display of the
citizen soldiery of Georgia, ‘lho bright uniforms the
waving plumes, the flashing steel, tho rolling drums, and
shrill noted fifes, was worthy of our great and glorious
National Day, and called to memory the citizen soldiery
of *76, whose valor and patriotism speaks from the fields
of Lexington, Buuker Hill, Monmoth, Saratoga, Prince
ton and Yorktown. We shall not attempt to givvi a de
scription of the different companies or to draw envious
comparisons between them, cither in point of dress or
military skill and knowledge; nor would we feel our
selves able lo do so, il we desired. We must, however,
be allowed to say a word lor the Georgia Cadets, who
did themselves great honor on the occasion, and showed
themselves every inch a soldier—as much so as their
seniors. The following companies, numbering about a
thousand men, wore in attendance at the Capital.
Columbus Guards, Cftpt. Semmes, Columbus.
United Rifles, C ;ot. Wilkins, Columbus.
Liberty Independent Troop, Capt. Fleming, Liberty
county.
City Light Guards, Capt Colquitt, Columbus.
Putnam Rifles, Capt. Branham, Eatonton.
Floyd Rifles, Gapt. Hardeman, Macon.
Marietta Cadets, Capt. McComell.
Irish Jasper Greenes, C pt. McMahon, Savannah.
Washington Artillery, Capt. Kirkpatrick, Augusta.
Oglethorpe Light Infantry, Capt. Bartow, Savannah.
Macon Volunteers, Capt. Smith, Macon.
Oglethorpe Infantry, Capt. Starnes, Augusta.
Savannah Volunteer Guards, Capt. Scriven, Savannah.
Republican Blues, Capt. Andersou, Savannah.
Clinch Rifles, Gapt. Platt, Augusta.
Baldwin Blues, Capt. Rockwell, Milledgeville.
Gov. Johnson acted as Commander-in-chief, and Maj.
Brumby was elected by tin* Captains of the corps Com
mandant of the forces.
At 10 o’clock A. M., ou the 4th, the batallion took up
their line of march from the encampment to the Capi
tol grounds, where they were addressed by Gov. Johnson,
explanatory of the nature of the call that brought them
together, expressing a desire to seen more mutual friend
ship existing between the corps of the State, aud an in
timate acquaintance cultivated among the individual
members. Ho also enlarged upon our present militia
system, showing its inefficiency, and presented his views
and ideas relative to a more thorough organization of
our militia discipline. After his exordium to the military,
he then addressed the vast multitude present, numbering
from three to four thousand. His * ’ •• • confined
mostly to the nature of our goverm.. on il>* relation
ship existing between each State to the iAJi-ral Union,
and to each other. Space will not allow us to enlarge
upon the address ; but it is enough to say, that Gov.
Johnson presented views at once bold and striking, with
some original ideas of the Declaration of Independence
and the principles embodied in it, also of the Constitution
of the United States. We understand that the address
to the military and also to the citizens, will be published.
After the address, a national salute was fired by the
Washington Artillery, of Augusta, which was done in
true military style The batallion then marched for the
encampment, when at 3£ o’clock, dinner was served, un**
der a structure erected tor the occasion, sufficient to seat
about 1200. After the dining, champagne flowed freely,
and a number ol toasts were drank. We were unable to
obtain them as the hour of parade was near at hand.
On Sunday morning Rev. 1). Talmage, of Oglethorpe
University, preached at the Capitol grounds to the sol
diers and citizens. It was one of the Rev. Dr.’s ablest
efforts, and well did he sustain his reputation as a scholar
and a divine teacher.
At the t>me of our writing (Monday morning) the
military are still with u.*. We understand that there will
be a general review this day. We must vherefore defer
further remarks for our next issue.
We cannot omit to mention the pleas’ng.emotions we
felt upon taking in our h inds a drum that waR bea’en at
the battles of garaioga, Cowpens and Eutavv Springs.—
The Savannah Volunteer Guards are the fortunate pos*
ses.sors of this Revolutionary relic ; rendered more sacred
and dear to the American soldier from the fact that in
each battle, victory perched upon the American standard.
To give vent to our patriotic feelings, at the pleasing inci
dent, wedra k to the memory of the old patriot who heat
that drum in the “times that tried men’s souls.”
The whole number of persons in the city on the 4th is
supposed to have been about 5,000. Never did our streets
before present such a moving mass of spectators on such
an interesting occasion.
Confessed Ignorance. —The Know Nothing editors
of Georgia have certainly established their right to the
title which their party bears. When was ever known
such a set of self-confessed ignoramuses as tho Ameri
can editorial fraternity have proven themselves to be, in
their oft-repeated question—who is Joseph E. Brown ?
The inquiry admits that they did not know the most
prominent members of the Legislature of ’49 ’SO :
that they were ignorant of the electoral body which
cast the vote of the Stale for Mr. Pierce in 1852, and
that they have no knowledge of the present Judges
of the Superior Courts of their State. This much
confessed, what extent of ignorance may we not im
ply ? Truly, gentlemen, you must be more cautious,
or you will soon prove yourselves utterly unfit for the
position, which yon have assumed, of political teachers.
For your reputation’s sake, do not again ask—who is
Joseph E. Brown ?— Atlanta Intelligancer.
Government of Nicaragua. —A correspondent of the
New York Tribune, in a letter dated San Juan del
Norte*, June 2d, says :
“I learn that all the principal men of Nicaragua have,
united and sent representatives to Leon, where a meet
ing has been held, at which it was mutually and oordi.
ally agreed that Gen. Martinez, who is a GraDadioo,
should be acting President for eight months, and Gen.
Jerez Minister of War and Commauder-in-Chief of
tha Army for the same period, at the end of which time
a general eleotion is to be held for the ohoice ofa Pres
ident by the people.”
From the Southern Recorder Extra.
AMERICAN STATE CONVENTION.
Milledgeville, Geo., July 8, 1857.
Convention organized by calling Hon. James M.
Calhoun, of Fulton, to the Chair, aud app Anting W. H.
Griswold, of Muscogee, Temporary Secretary.
On motion of J. H. R. Washington, Esq,, of Bibb,
the Delegates were then requested to enrol their names
at the Secretary*B desk, as follows 1
Baldwin—.T VV A Sanford, N C Earnett, T B Lamar,
VV T W Napier, R M Orme, Sen., A Ford, G r Myr
ick, John S Stephens, L D Buckner, J J Buck, James S
Thomas. ... n ...
Bibb-T G Holt, J H R Washington, W R Philips,
Joseph Bond, Joshua Knowles, B F Dense, A H vVycne,
J M Jones, J Gilbert, Jas W Myrick, E Johnston, ‘1 hos
A Brewer, Asa Holt, W C Hard, A Foster.
Butts—R Lawson, J W Swann.
Coweta—Thos D Goodwin, R Y Brown, W L logon,
11 R Harrison.
Crawford—Thos Raines, Willis B. Scott, Jas W i.ob
-11130 tl.
Campbell—W R Hardy. , ~, _
Chattahoochee—W VV Bus’.iey, VV’ G Wooldridge, VV L
Willis.
Columbia—o 11 Shockley, ! C Talbot, J M Anthony.
Chatham —E H Bacon, J R Sneed, R S Hardwick, J G
Shei'iall, F 11 Orme, J G Yeiser.
Clay—T Tinsley.
Dooly—Z T Tumions, W McDaniel, A C Bate, J W
Brown.
Dougherty—T C Spicer, D A Vason, J Barksdale, W
E Smith, W C Connerly, R W Rawlson, T F Andrews,
H A Scott.
DeKalb—W C Rosseau, J M Alexander.
Elbert—R Hester, T J Thurmond.
Fulton—J JVI Calhoun, A M Eddleman, A 11 Stokes,
W A Wilson, L J Parr.
Floyd—J J Harris, J Skinner, A R Harper.
Greene —M W Lewis, B T Carlton, RL McWhorter,
W Morgan.
Gwinnett—M B Montgomery, J A Roberts, W J
Peeples.
Houston—W A Mathews, 1 C West, W R Brown,
E >: Hulsey, CJ Bazemore.
Hancock—S Lawrence, W C Smith, Wll Speights,
J B Stewart, J C Boyer, .1 Rushing, J W Simmons, J L
Birdsong, E T Harris, L S Stewart, J I Berry, .1 R Law
rence, A E Sykes, J W Johnson, D W Lewis, G G Smith,
J R Binion, B Amos,
Henry—L T Doyal, E B Arnold, Andrew W Walker.
Harris—G W Epp?,G W Mullins, D P Hill.
Jasper—l) S Holt, WII Preston, jr., G T Bartlett, R C
Barnes, G F Meriwether, George Allen, T J Pritchard,
.1 ames I’eun.
Jefferson—A R Wright, W F Denny, W r H Todd, N
Cornwall.
Jones—lsaac Hardeman.
Lee—M Tiller, J Gilbert, G L Butler, J H Pope.
Laurens—R Robinson, J W Yopp.
Lincoln —J Paschal, J M Dill, H L Murray, John W
Parks.
Muscogee—Hines Holt, W H Griswold, Dan’l Huff,
T A Brannon, M L l’atteraon, R L Mott, R R Hawes,
A J Odom, Jas Meeler.
Morgan—D K Butler, J A Billups, J G Halloway, L T
Campbell.
Monroe —.1 T Crowder, C Peeples, A D Hammond,
J R Banks, C W Battle, L A Pouder, J H Evens, Benja
min II Zednor.
Macon —W II Robinson, W 11 Felton, M L Felton,
H F Farrar. J D Frederick, J A Carson, J E Bartlett,C II
Young, M J McMullin.
Marion—W M Brown, W R Roquemore, W II Black.
Merriwether —J L Dixon.
Newnan—J L Baker, J B Davis, J S Stanton, Dr. Chap
man, W W Clark.
Oglethorpe—R M Fleming, R Eberhart, W Moody,
W P Smith, Thos S Gresham, F J Robinson.
Richmond—James W Jones, Foster Blodget.jr., Janies
Miller, Wm. Gibson.
Sumter —J L Alerton, S C Elam, R J Hill, T D Speer,
J E J Horne, C P Crawford, J 11 Black.
Scriven—B L Prescott, T G Hotehkins.
Spalding—Parker Eason, James Lavender, E W Rob
inson, John S Travis, A P Burr.
Polk—Woodson Hubbard, J T Fullwood, James J
Morrison, James D Waddel.
Pulaski—W W Mayo, Willis B Reeves, Torenee F King,
Reuben Harrell, Thos J Barkwell.
Putnam —lt T Davis, B B Odom, W I) Terrell, D Ros
ser, Edmund Owens, W T McDade, C D Pearson, D A
Weaver, E T Terrell, J J Mcßae, E Harris, J R Wal
ker, Sr.
l'ike —R O Banks, S B Malone, W P Tyler.
Twigg—John Barclay, N Berry, T Gibson, R R Wim
berly, l)r. Burroughs.
Talbot—T B Turner, Cyrus Robinson, Wm Smith.
Taylor—A H Riley, B F Reese, C F Fickling, W J
Mitchell.
Terrell —M Williams, Myron Weston.
Thomas —Sam’l B Spencer.
Upson—P W Alexander, A G Fambro, Thos S Sher
man, Thomas F Bethel.
Whitfleld —Francis W McCurdy.
Wilkes —J L Anderson, G W Anderson, 1) G CoUim*,
J T Wingfield.
Wilkinson —N A Carswell, M J Cat swell, J T Hughes,
George Jones.
Washington—Bennet Crafton, I B Avant, G W Hard
wick, J M G Medloek, W P Smith, S A H Jones, Wm
P Hicklin.T E Wells, Dan’l Harris.
Warren—James Cody, S T Neal, W W Padgett, John
It Prescott.
Webster—John M Shepherd.
The following was then offered by J. R. Sneed, of
Chatham:
Resolved, That all persons present from counties nut
represented, and who agree with us in sentiment, be invit
ed to take their seats as members'of this Convention.
Adopted.
P. W. Alexander, of Upson, offered the following:
Resolved, That a committee ol one from each Con
gressional District be appointed to make arrangements for
the permanent organization of the Convention.
Adopted and the following [names were announced as
that Committee :
1. J. It. Sneed, 5. J. D. Waddell,
2. D. A. Vasou, 6. W. J. Peeples,
3. P. W. Alexander, 7. I). E. Butler,
4. L. J. Parr, 8. C. 11. Shockley.
Who, after ratiring a few moments, returned and report
ed as follows:
For President—DAVlD M. LEWIS, of Hancock.
Vice Presidents— Edward 11 Bacon ol Chatham, Fran
cis VV McCurdy of Whitfield.
Secretaries —W il Griswodd of Muscogee and F J
Robinson of Oglethorpe.
A committee of three (consisting of Messrs. Billups,
Shockley, and Harris of Hancock) was appointed to notify
the President and Vice Presidents of their selection, and
conduct them to their respective chairs, which, on being
done, the President returned his acknowledgments in an
able,[stirring and happy address, which met with rounds of
applause from every member present.
On motion of Hines Holt, of Muscogee, a committee of
three from each Congressional District was appointed to
report business for the consideration of the Convention,
which committee was announced as follows:
1. J R Sneed, R Robinson, R S Hardwick.
2. Hines Holt, D A Vason, W Brown.
3. C Peeples, PW Alexander, J H R Washington.
4. J M Calhoun, R J Morgan, W L Lfoon.
5 J D Waddell, .1 J Harris, W Hubbard.
fi. W J Peeples, M B Montgomery, J A Roberts.
7. W W Clark, R M Orme, sen., J A Billups.
H. D G Cotting, A R Wright, J W Jones.
On motiont the Convention then adjourned to 4 o’clock
P. M,
. Four O’clock, P. M.
The Convention met according to adjournment, and the
names of Delegates from Lincoln, Terrell, Clay and
Thomas, with other Delegates from counties already reg
istered, were enrolled.
The committee oi 24 who were appointed to report bu
siness for the action ol the Convention, made the following
Report, which was adopted:
The American Party of Georgia, in Convention assem
bled, animated by love of country and a jealous regard for
the constitutional rights of the people of the Union, and
especially of the people of Georgia and her Southern sis
ters, do adopt and reaffirm the (following declaration of
principles, made and promulgated by the American Con
vention of Georgia, December, 1855.
1. The maintenance of this Union of co-equal sover
eign States, as our lathers made it, as the paramount po
litical good—paramount in its adaptation to the security
of our rights and the happiness of tho people.
2. The means by which we propose to maintain this, is
obedience to the Constitution of the United States, and
all laws passed in pursuance thereof as sacredly obligatory
upon individuals and States.
3. With regard to the great doctrines of religious liber
ty and the separation of Church and State as cardinal
principles of our Government—as well settled and firmly
established as the rights of trial by jury and the writ of
habeas corpus—and, therefore, we will oppose the eleva
tion to office of any and all persons who deny the great
American doctrine of liberty of conscience, or who tavor
tho union of Church and State, or who recognize any civ
il allegiance to any foreign power, prince or potentate
whatever.
4. ihe purity of the ballot box—the peaceful adminis
tration of our laws—the safety ol our people—the integri
ty ol our government—the exclusion of pauper and crimi
nal immigration, and the enforcement of our neutrality
laws, demand, in our opinion, a material modification of
our naturalization laws and a radical revision of our im
migration laws. By this we do not seek to disturb, iu any
manner, the privileges of our foreign born citizens who
arc naturalized under our existing laws, and we invite all
of them who agree to our principles to become members
of the American party.
•. The territories of the United States we regard us the
common property ol all the States as co-equal sovereign
hes, and as such open to settlement by the citizens ol the
States with their property as matter of right; and that no
power resides either in Congress or the Territorial Legis
lature, or the people of the territories while a territoryrto
exclude, from settlement in any territory any portion of the
citizens of this Republic with their property legally held
in the States from which they emigrate. We repudiate,
therefore, the doctrine commonly called squatter sover
eignty in the territories.
6. The right to vote is a privilege of citizenship, and
should not be extended to foreign emigrants to a territory
before they are naturalized.
‘• “I he agitation of tho subject of slavery should cease.
Ihe rights ot the South are plain, palpable, well defined
aud understood, and we believe they should not longer lie
treated as open questions. We will maintain our guaran
teed Constitutional rights, ami our right of property in
slaves. Georgia has solemnly declared what she will re
gard as future grievances on tin- subject and what her
remedy will be when these grievances shall bo indicted.—
We will stand by tho Georgia Platform. We believeihe
continuous agitation ol this subject, is made by selfish pol
iticians for personal and party promotion, and is hurtful to
the South, the institution of slavery and the permancy of
tho Union.
We assert and maintain the following additional points
as a part ot our National and State creed:
That we have soon nothing which we regard as new in
tile plan ot adjustment suggested by Gov. Walker and ap
proved by the Administration, lor the settlement of the
Kansas question. In our judgment, the principles main
tained, and the poiioy advised,are identical with the prin
ciples set forth in the Kan-as Nebraska bill, as advocated
by the National Democracy, Cincinnati Platform,
and Mr. Buchanan’s f lot ter of acceptance and Inaugral
Address. The American Party have, again and again,
warned the country against the-e dangers and anti South
ern doctrines, and having already taken our position ul.
them, we submit that position to the people ol Georgia i
decision, and the vindication of the correctness of ourV u W
and the patriotism ol our motives.
That the late decision of the Supreme Court ol the (
ted States in the case of Dred Scott, is hut a ,)
dorsemeut by the highest legal tribunal i the l all j
position heretofore held by the American party ot (;, J0 ‘
upon the slavery question in the territorie-. VV.- there*, ![
adopt and incorporate that decision as a part ol • ur poin,!
cal creed.
That we oppose the construction of the Pacific Itailroa.i
by the General Goverment.
That we oppose the system by which the Covenn-n
disposes of the public domain, as corrupting mu ~|i. ‘
upon the new States (as well as upon Congtes- a, l( j g ro ,[*
ly unjust to the old States.
We favor the distribution of the proceeds of th c sales,,)
the public lauds among all the States, rather than their
iquitous appropriation lor railway schemes for the bencii:
ot a few.
We favor a change in the administration ol the state
Railroad, by taking it out of the hands of the Gnvor.iur
and i! need tie, by a sale of two thirds or the whole ol ii’
tu private parties. In the latter event, the fund thu- raised’
after the payment of the public debt, could t>e disposed oi
in either of the following ways: The education of m
children of the Stale, the reduction of the taxes ol Un
people, or inatfordiug aid in the construction of road
other portions o’ the State.
Resolved, That the Convention proceed forthwith
the nomination of a candidate lor Governor.
Convention then took a recess for 30 minutes
At the termination of this period, the Convention , s
called to order, and Hon. VV. Gibson, ot Richmond,,,
sered the following :
Resolved, That Benjamin 11. Hill ol Tioap— be,
is hereby nominated unanimously, .‘lllll by acclamation,
the candidate of lire Am riean party for Governor.
Which was received whir cheers, long and food,
earned by vociferous applause.
After the cheering had ceased, A. It. Wright, R Ui
of Jefferson, was called, and enter! imd the Convention,
with au enthusiastic speech in support ot the nominee,
and iu advocacy of the platform adopted by the Couven
tion.
P. VV. Alexander, of Upson, offered the two following
resolutions :
Resolved, That this Convention lenders i;.- thank.- t
the Hon. Robert P. Trippe and Hod. N. G. Foster, for
their trbie aud fearless maintenance o’ American princi
ples and the rights of the Month ; aud that wc heartily
approve of the vote o! one ol our Senators in Congress,
(the Hon, Alfred Iverson,) in opposition to .'.lien Suf
frage.
Resolred, ’] hat au Executive Coilimiitee of five heap
pointed by the Chair, to act for the parly until the next
meeting of the American Convention.
The President appointed as that Committee :
J. 11. P,. Washington, of Bibb, Chairman,
Jno. VV. A. S illfold, 01 Baldwin, •
Foster Kludgelt, Jr., of Richmond,
James M. Calhoun ot Fulton,
S. A. Wales, of Muscogee.
Col. Hiues Holt, of Muscogee, was palled for and ad
dressed the Convention with energy and power in sup
port of tire nominee, and exposing the iniquitous poiicy
of the Democratic Administration. Alter which he of
fered the following :
Resolved , That a committee of three he appointed 1
notify Benj. 11. Hill of his unanimous nomination by
this Convention, and to request his aeceptauee therui.
Adopted.
Under this resolution the Chair appointed Him-- //oft,
of Muscogee, J. VV. Jones of Richmond, and J. R Mor
gnu of Troup.
G. Peeples of Monroe, 11. J. Morgan ol Troup, A
Billups of Moif- u, E. H. Bacon of Chatham, and I;
Hester of Elbert, addressed (lie Convention with tin
fervor aud eloquence, in support of the principles this
day enunciated by tire American Convention ol Geor
gia. These addresses were enthusiastically received.
Resolved, That the thanks of tins Convention are doe
and hereby tendered to the President (the H on. DVV
Lewis.) and tic* other officers ol ibis Convention, I.:
their able, kind, and dignified services in this Convention.
C. Peeples, Esq,, ol Monroe, offered the following .
Resolved , That tire proceedings ol this Convention be
signed by the President and Secretaries, and that the
American- papers ci the Slate be requested to publish tL
same. Adopted.
After which, there being no further t.n-iuess, the Pres
ident made a lew appropriate remarks, again tendering
hie thanks to the body, and expressing his cordial appro
bation of the entire proceedings of the day , and -.lien
adjourned the Convention sine die.
DAVID W. LEWIS, Presid.u.
VV. II GkisWol.ii. /. . f
~ , ; Secretaries.
h. J. Robinson. )
Congressional Convention —7th District.
Milledgeville, Ga., July 7th, 18.77.
A meeting of the delegatee to the District Congies
siottal Convention lor the 7th District was convened ties
day.
On inoli'iii. Si r l. Ilaiiis, E>q., ol tile county oi Hru
oock, was called to the Chair, aud L T. Campbell ol
Morgan, was appointed Sforeiaiy.
The following Delegates tv ere present, i*wit :
Aaidwin—J W A San*, rd, N C Barnett, ’!’ B Lamar,
VV T Napier, R M Or me. Sen., A Ford, GT Myrick
John S Stephens, LJ> Buckner, J J Buck, dames ;
Thomas.
Greene—\l VV Lewis, B T Carlton, R L McWhor
ter, VV Jl/orgnn.
Hix ncoek—S Lawrence, W C Smith, VV H Spaight,
J B Stewart, S C Boyer, -I Rushing, .J VV Simmons, .1
L Biidfcone, B T //arris, L S Stewart, .J T Berry. J R
Lawrence, A E Sykes, and VV’ Johnson, 1) VV Lewie, ti
(r Smith, and R Binion, B Atnos.
Jasper—D S Ilolt, VV il Preston, Jr., GTii i i..r
R C Barnes, G F Merriwether, George Allen, T -1
Pritchard, James Penn.
Jones— Isaac Hardeman.
Morgan—DE Butler, J A Billups, J G Hallow.;.
L T Campbell.
Newton—J L Baker, J li Davis, J S Stamen, Hi
Chapman, VV W Clark.
Putnam—RT Davis, B a ß Odam, W D Terrell, 1>
Rosser, Edward Owens, W T McDade, CD Pearson,
D A Weaver, E T Terrell, J J Mcßae, K Harris. J 1:
Walker, Sr.
Twiggs—John Barclay, N Berry, T Gihson, Rlt
Wimberly, Dr. Borroughs.
Wilkinson —W \ Carswell, M J Carswell, J .
//ughes, George donee.
Washington—Bennttt Crafton, J B Avart, G W
Hardwick, J M G Medloek, W P Smith, S A IJ dopes.
W P Hickiiu, T E Wells, Samuel Harris.
Col. Joshua Ilill, of Morgan county, being the only
candidate before the Convention, upon motion of Mr.
Carswell of Wiikinson, he was nominated by acclamation
as the candidate for Congress of the American Party > 1
the 7th C ngressional District.
Ou motion of Mr. Clark, of Newton, a Committee of
three, consisting of Messrs. Clark of Newton, Lewis ot
Greene and Billups of Morgan, was appointed by tlie-
Chairman to notify Mr. Hill of his nomination.
The Convention then adjournedd sine the.
B. T. //ARRIS, Chairman.
L. T. Ca.mpbkll, Sec’y.
Democratic Meeting in Stewart County.
Lumpkin, Ga., July 6th, 1857.
According to previous appointment a portion of the
Democratic Anti Know Nothing party of Stewart county,
met at the Court House in Lumpkin, and was o'ganised
by calling Wm. Sims Esq., to the chair and requesting N
Blackburn, to act as secretary.
The object of the meeting was explained by Col. J. A
Tucker, whereupon,on motion, a committee was appoint
ed by the chairman to report the names of five suitable
persons to represent the Democratic Party of Stewar
county in the approaching district convention at Albany
on the 13th inst.
The committee reported the names oi Dr. S. Warner,
Dr. J. C. Blackburn, Benjamin May, Esq., Hon. E. F
Kirksey, and Col. J. A. Tucker, which was adopted.
It was resolved that the Delegates be empowered to ap
point substitutes.
On motion resolved, that the Democratic Party of Stew ■
art county, meet at the Court House in Lumpkin, on the
first Tuesday in August next, for tho purpose ofa thorough
organization ol the party.
Resolved, That the proceeding: of this meeting be pub
fished in the Times &. Sentinel Hi South Western New.-.
Resolved, That the meeting do now adjourn sine the
J. C. Blackburn, Secreiary.
Wm. Simms, Chairman
Political Meeting in Early Couuty.
At a meeting of the voters of the vountv ot Kuio,
without respect to party, on motion of G. \\ Holmes.
James Bush was called tr the chair, and 1. li. Standiter,
requested to act as Serrctarv. The chairman having
explained the object of tile meeting. Col. McLaws offer
<*d the following resolutions, which were unanimously
adopted : *
Resolved , That the preamble and resolutions adopted
by til** meeting in Randolph county on Ihe 30th ot June
last, approving of the course of our Representative m
Congress, the lion. Martin J. Crawford, ivgreUiug h;s
withdrawal, and instructing their delegates to ea-t their
votes for his nomination, he adopted, as the expression if
the opinion of the people ol Early county.
Resolved ,— Upon motion of R. W. Shetiield —That *
copy of the proceedings of this meeting, including tin*
Randolph resolutions be forwarded to the Hon. M. -I
Crawford—one to the Columbus Times ,)■ Sentine!.
and one to the Bainbridge Argus for publication.
Upon motion ol G. H Holmes, the meeting then
adjourned.
•1. BUSH, Chairman.
L. B. Stanmfbr, Seo'v.
Honor to the Cadets. —The Milledgeville Union
learns that on the 4th when champagne and cigars
were circulated freely among the volunteers, that the
Cadets with one accord refused to partake of either
They had promised their Commander, before they lelt
Marietta, that they would abstain from indulging iu
aueh luxuries, and they faithfully kept their promise.