Newspaper Page Text
©e Declilp dimes & sentinel.
By LOMAX & ELLIS
Volume XVII.
(£imts ani) Sentinel, i
TEXNENT LOMAX & BOSWELL ELLIS,
EDITORS ASD PROPRIETORS.
PEYTON H. COLQUITT. Associate Editor.
THE TRI-WEEKLY TIMES & SENTINEL
| published every ! ! VV, THCRSDA V and
* A Ti; HD A A KV
THE WEEKLY TIMES & SENTINEL |
[s published every TUESDAY .HfMlNlNd.
Office on Randolph Street, opposite the P. O. i
TERMS:
TRI-WEEKLY. Five Dollars per annum, in advance I
WEEKLY. Two Dollars per annum,in advance. 1
tr Advertisements conspicuously inserted at One Dol j
lar per square, lor the first insertion, and Fitly Cents for
every subsequent insertion
A liberal deduction will be made tor yearly advertise
ments.
Sales of Land and Neeme, t v \'imi:ii:-irn’ors, Execu
tors and Guardians, are required try law to ire held on the
tirst Tuesday in the month, between the hours of ten in
torenoon and three jo the afternoon, at the Court House iti
the county in which the property is situate. Mortices of
these sales mu t be given in a public gazette forty days
previous totheday ol sale.
Notice ior the sale ol Personal property must be given at
■east ten days previous to the day of sale.
Notice to Debtors and Creditors of an Estate must be
published forty days.
Notice that application will tie made to the Court of Or
dinary for leave to sell Laou or Negroes, must be published
weekly for two months.
Citations ior Letters ot Administration must be published
thirty days—for Drsmiesion from Administration, monthly
six months—for Dismission from <luardianship,forty days.
Rules lor Foreclosure of Mortgage must be published
monthly lor tour months—for establishing iost papers for
the full space ot three months—tor compelling titles from
Executors or Administrators, where a bond has been giv
en by the deceased, the lull space of three months
Publications will always be continued according to
these, the legal requirements, unless otherwise ordered.
BUSINESS CAKDS
PRINTING AND BOOK BINDING.
fTAVINU connected without Printing Office a full
iL and complete assortment oi Book Binder’s toolsand
Jtoc*. and also added to out Prk tiSgmaterials,we arenow
prepared to execute, in good style and with despatch .every
xind of work in either branch of the business, on the best
terms.
BL AN K iVOKK, of every description, with or with
/at printing, made to order, in the neatest manner.
WARE HOUSE PRINTING, Receipts, Drafts,
Notes, Bills of Lading, Sue., &c., executed neatly and
iromptly, and hound in any desired style.
R AIL ft i > Vi) AND .STEAMBOAT BLANKS,
ai all kinds got up,with accuracy and dispatch.
Hill ilcails, aril-, Circulars, Hand Bills,
Posters, Programmes, &c.,&c.,printed in tneahor
est notice and in the best style
Magazine and Pamphlets pto up in every style o
finding.
Bookt o all funds rebound strongly and neatly.
LOMAX V FLUB.
Colombo*,Apr lit It;
SAMUEL 11. HAWKINS.
A TT T O II NE Y AT I.AW,
AMERICUS, GA
WILL practice in the counties of Sumter, Webster,
Terrell, Lee, Baker, Worth, Randolph and Cal
houn.
Rv.fkrkncf —lngram, Crawlord &, Russell, Columbus.
Col. Henry G. Lamar, Macon Ga.
Mr \V. I, Johnson, Amerieu*.
May 12,185“—twit.
8. V. MARTIN. U VIA RUN. j
MARTIN & a!ARTIN^
Attorneys at Law.
(u.
Office on Broad Street—Over Gunby dc
Columbus, Jan. 9, 1857. w<V.twly.
X. B. WELLBORN. JERE.N. WILLIAMS.
WELLBORN A WILLIAMS.
ATTO I! XE VS AT-LA W.
4 Tty ton, Aln burnt*.
\ *T| LL prompt aironrion to the collection of nil rlainis
\V entrusted tot heir care in Barbour coni.ty. > ci i wtw6m
MARION BETH UN E,
A TTO It \ E Y A T L A H ,
TALBOTTON, Talbot County, Ga
October 24th, 1856. wtwtt.
W. 3. JOHNSON,
\TTUK S KY AT LAW.
C U S S E T A,
Chattahoochee County, Gh.
fi-y-rs his entire attentlonto the practice In t'hairahoocbee
adtolning counties. apgf*—urtwiy*
ROBERT N HOWARD
A T TOBNEY A T LA W,
CRAWFORD ALA
September H, 1855. —iwlwtt.
S. A. M’LENDON,
VTTORNEY A T l. A W.
Fort Gaines. Ga
STILL, promptly attend u, ait bust entrusted to hfe
care—partic.ul rlv Collecting. novH#tw!y
PEYTON H. COLQUITT.
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
CO I, IM HIS. GA.
■ rttice, up stairs, over Col. Holt’s office, Randolphs:,
may 26.1855 **“
R. J. MOSES & E. W. MOISE,
£TTOR\EYS AT LAW k SOLICITORS IS EQUITY
OFFICE IN POST OFFICF, BUILDING,
COLUMBUS, GA
Office Hours from 9 A. VI. to 4 P. M. j&l
Columbus, Oct. 11,1356 —twlv
BAUGH & SLADE,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
COLUMBUS , GEORGIA.
\lfILS> practice Saw lu Muecogeeand theßdjoiwimcountie*
V\ of (Jeorsris and Alabama.
Otflce over Bank •>? Columbus Broad street.
ItOBKRT BAUOH J * SLABS.
Coliimbus, ‘ia. >larch 27. wtwtf _
RAMSEY A KING,
Attorneys at Law,
COLUMBUS Vvn HAMILTON.
N. Ramsey. YV. H. M. Kino.
Hamilton.Ga- Columbus, Ga.
October 21 —wly
THOMAS A. COLEMAN.
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CUT H BERT, GEORGIA.
WILL practice in the Pstaula and Southwestern Circuits.
Refers to Hon. David Kiddoo, J. S- C. P.C-. Cuihbert.
February 24, 1857. wly
ALLEN 11. BUSH,
A‘X“rfm3XT3g'r AT J.3.XV”
MARIANNA FLORIDA.
kariREKCB—II. Mildlebrook 4t 00., Hall, Mores *. Cos.
Columbus, Ga. m wsm
GRICE & WALLACE,
ait il
BUTLER, GEORGIA,
ILL give prompt attention all huslues i-utrustedKto
W. IVgRCCE. IVM.B. WALLACE.
December 16—wit
TO©EM W. (DDIBIBp
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
PttESTOA, Webster County, Ga.
VtTILL practice in the counties of Clay, Chattahoochee,
VV Webster, Early, Randolph, Stewart and Sumter.
Particular attention given to collecting and remitting.
January 27,1857—wtf.
HA HILTOA A PLANE,
Attorneys and Counsellors at 1.-w.
COiUHBUS, GA.
pdf- -Hbov.* linn have renewed their aud
£ will d>y,,r.A thn moa attention to the pro
legion the Cf.unL’ ■ot Musc<:{|ee, H.'irris, Taihot r.od
Chattahoochee, in this S’- ate, and in fluM-otl . onnty, Ain.
Office, front over R Hariisrd’s Sr.'ir-
January 23,1357. .v,wu.
JOHN V HEARD
atr o R n-e y a r i. u ,
Colquitt, Miller Cos., Ca
j January 20, 1857
S-S. STAFFORD,
ATTORNEY AT LA \
BLAKELY, EMILY COUNTY, GA.
-
OLIVKR OLD!ENTS,
kTTt*l{ NK \ S V T 1, \W,
BUENA VIST A,
MARION COUNTY. GA.
>. CTtLl* iru< :• - n,i Marion. Nttu. owail
• f t’aylor, Au itiaiioocbee, KichattK>nc*c. ami any .f trc.
tdjoimiigcoutilic**wWfuth+iir-orv ‘• - mav b‘- requirrd.
riiai*k*’s nuvn. tv. rur.HKKTs.
wtf
. A. BYRD,
A T TOR N’ E Y AT RAW.
rrrHHKßT—Kmli*uh <;*t.
practiCFln tho P&Uulaand Soothwe*te-n
*7 All bUKittesm entrnXP*! to hiscare will received prompt
ttentinr.. inaAtO— ly.
Lost or Mislaid.
\ N >T K .*i hand on rs. U-* P icker, for $l5O, one ttiw tlre!
day of iarmary next,and dated about viarcn and
made payable to F. *'*. Parker. Ml ferons nro iic-reby cau
tioned not to trade for the aaruc*.
lag.!—w4l. F,< P4&KRB.
1 J- FOGLE & SON,
• L) E NTISTS,
! OFFICE on Randolph .Street near Broad, Columliua.Ga.
j ColumbufJ, May 9, 1357. w&twtl
WM. F LEE, D. D. jS.
surgeon.
nFffht'E corner of Broad and Randolph Street*.
Columbus, Georgia
|jdagk CUSHMAN,
Q-UFff* 3E3XTTXST ?
j Winter Building, 43 Broad Street, (East
COLUMBUS. GA
I October2s. 56. _ wi'triwiv
oOa inl o
102 BROAD STREET,
j COLUMBUS, GA. *
. I/'EMPy :fMtantly ou haml, an 1 >:I rv‘>r >le •* priret* a?
IV i v> u.p LllOi) CLOnilN’** ‘•■t'j ;e b it'll her* , a larvru
an.i nuperior a-sortineni of
Gentlemen's and Youth’s Clothing!
! ami Furni*hinL Gootla, all ,f which Ya\ e be* nat ntiu r
• ed under b.* nnrueiiiate auierviiou
Eyery garinei.t warranted as repreventfNl
Purchagers ure tocuil and examine his exleii-ive :
| rtiock. _ ov;g—wfwiy I
FOK BALF.
HAVlN(idternli:ed to remove west, I ot
! - ‘"fS ter for hale my residence in ihe immediate vi% i
cinityot Golnmbu.s and mv Pljiutation tnplK \
Irlu.i Raaaell coim>y. ,\in
; ibe former in a handa>roe and cororaodious buildii con j
j taining ten room*,beside basement, store and ironing roun - j
I Theoutbuildii.gsareweil arranged lor corn tort and <*omn- ]
■ ieuct*. Attached to the residence are twenty acre of laud, lit }
tine cultivation, withs po.tiou c* mam rod, -ufYlclent tor ,
• . eor more building lot*. Ti.-; hcatthruh • *h. Jornlity i= j
u n surpass-Ml.
My plantation is mile* *es; *. C M iinb on f'rhee |
Ereek, and Mve miles from the Mobili fßmrd r ■ r ‘fid, and
coatair.s‘-<6OO Aerr. Myauceess in maaing er*t-on isthe ;
best criterion of its claim _ upon tin* purchnser. 5-i t g sn— j
ceotihle of subdivision into thr •or four farm-, soun* of svhirh ;
have improvements, l Will He!! all i .ei U ror ia separate srt* j
lemontsto suit pur liasers. If d.-sirabb , willge’*: tiiegrow*|
n/crop with the land, srr.mgiov f--r rue *i--er*r 10 remain j
with the amis to gather the- crop ‘i?!'’. r i to- dir.- -vii of tut* j
puichaser
In my ab>cnc*’, any one wisblnc - mv bou-rv sml lot, j
c.anapplv to my nf iglibors, Mr. Win. \ lie-id, A.Fiowellen,
or W. E.Jones. ♦. R. |
oinmbud,Giu,->une D 1 .
%V~’ olumbu? Enqu.rer, ripßitet ihv bo;i*b,< Planter j
A-Soil of the ."•outh, ffoijiheru :l'lvator, Constitutionalißt,
Charle.ni ii Mercury, •!ed-i Mimal Messenger, will pulilish
weekly till forbid
Valuable Land and Town Property,
FOR SALE.
j S&O Vcr.’r elm. •’ Huiumock an i Pint, ]
MK 107.S acme in ‘u. ■ ’ U ~:rl ilirtricu, in onn body, j
—125 scree ul’kioic iu c lUivnUnn.
suu rtcres in tbc s,7ih rtistrirt liccatnr county, . iili suiall !
tmprovemonL I'iret rate water on the above pi ets I
Two Store Houses and one Dwelling Hons* and Lot iu fort j
Raines, ami one S ore Houseand one Dwelling House and |
Lot in Blakelv Also, i! > town lots m Morgan.
A great bargain is offered to any one who will purchase
til w boleor a par: ol the above property.
For particulars, address WALT. Ktn:iSßoN.
Jolv ai, 1857—w4t. Blakelv,Ra. ,
KEROSENE OILS.
DISTII.I.VP FROM COAL (NOT EXPLOSIVE.
S*.CBRK BT LETTERS !>AT..\T,
-I'HE different grades of Dies” c /lobrated nils, suitable lor !
* machinery of all kinds. Binnacle and Family ns*, can be
had of the undersigned, also ol the Wholesale n.l Dealers, I
and Druggistsio the t'ltyof New VorK. und of the .i.itliorized i
I.oofcl Agent of toe Company in this place.
AUSTINS,
GENERAL AGENTS KEROSENE Oil. COMF’Y.
No. r.O Braver.it, New York;.
Local Agencies granted on application as above. Orders
should specify the description of lamp or machinery torwhich
the oil is wanted. J“e W ~ wlv -
ONLY ONE BOTTLE
OF
DR. SANDPOED’S
[NYIGOIIATOR,
OR LIVER REMEDY,
i ,g KEQCiEKD TO Os RE ANY ONE TROriBLKD WITH •
1 Idver Do splaints, uu ess the most deperate of caaes.when
j the second bottle wilt, with carce a single failure rt store the j
t patient to health and vigor. We wish, to cad theatiention of j
i all to these tacts, that the Invigorator is compound, and by a I
i physician who has used it in his practice for the past twenty |
1 years with a success almost incredulous, and that ii i- •■mire- I
i ly vegetal) e. being composed wholiyot gums. i
* Sonn tdea ol the streug ho! these gutns may be loriued
i W beu it is known one .bottle of the Invigorator contains as .
much strength aa one hundred doses to i.-alomel. without any j
i ol its deleterious effects.
! One bottle is the surest thing known to carry away the bad
! effects o’ mineral poison of any kind.
Our. one bottle Is needed lotleuw oui ol the system the el
: feet- . medicine alter aion* sickness
on bottle taken .or ja mdlce remo’ es all yellowness or
unnatural color from the skin.
line dose after eating is su.iicient to relieve the stomach
aud prevent the food front rising and souring,
only one dose taken beiore retiring prevents nightmare.
One doss taken at night loosens the bowels gently and cures
’ lie ( 'o-e taken after each mea i will’cure Dyspepsia.
One do-e of two tea-spoonsful will always relieve Sick
One ttottle taken for female obstruction removes the cause
of the disease, aud makes a perlect cure
Onlv one dose immediately relieves cholic, white
Ouedose often repeated is a sure cure tor Cholera Morbus,
and a sure preventative ot Cholera.
One dose taken often will prevoutho recurrence of b.l
ions attacks, while it it relieves ah painful teeings.
Oneortwo doses taken occasionally ts one ol the best rem
edies for a cold ever known.
Thousands of cases of Intlammaiion and weakness ot the
>UUL’- have been cured by the Invigorator.
■ One do-e taken s. short time beiore eating give vigor to
the appetiteand makes tood digest will
One dose often repeated cures chronic diarrhea in de worst
formp, while Hummer n<l l cofnplainia yiela almost to
th i<oe P or d to"doses cur.-s attacks caused by worms, while for
worms ID children, there is no *nrer, safer slid speedier rent
edy in the world,.-** it never fails.
There is no exaggeration m .be.-, 0t.1.-menis, .hey are plain
ract*. ihui wo can cvldenc** to }r we, while all
who o?eit are tcivi me .their nnaniroou- u*ua>onym Us taver.
We wish all who are airk and debilitated to try this remedy
and les* It lhorouhlj, and any who urt uol hcoedted by its
me we ahould like u hear from, have ve hear Irom
the firul person who ha* ts>ed a bo;He ot Invigorator w’lthout
receiving benedt,tor k theit; are sucb u*h dthing medicinal
airtuftM iu it, that all. uo matter how ‘h>iu* they have been af
fected, U their complaint arleea from a *!■-range# liver, will be
benefltud. if not entirely cured.
SANFORI) & CO. Proprietor*, 345 (Broadway, New Turk.
Sold by Pemberton. Nuckolls io. and by Danforth &
Nagl Oolmnbus. mAv22—w&tw3m.
U TH h IN* O N i* t rHI STATES AND THE -SOVIREIB NT * O t VH K STATUS.’’
COLUMBUS, CEO KOI A', TUESDAY MORNING, AUG.CST 25, 1857.
A. If
To the Voters of the Eighth Congressional District.
it may be unoee.HSßary,i)erhaps, for rne to say much by
way of apology or explanation of my reasons tor address
i ing you at this time and in this way. The numerous calls
I that have been made upon me by personal and poliiical
■ friends, in primary inerting ot the people and otherwise, to
allow my name logo before the District again for re-clec-
I non to Congress without tbe formality ol a regular notni
i nation, iequiro a response. This should have been made
-■ earlier, and would have been, but lor matters of a per.-on a 1
nature that prevented, and which in noway concern the
; public. ‘
To reply, however, to each separately, would lake cou
• -iderable lime, uud devolve upon mea of useless
: labor; while, to select cue m prefercuue to others, might
j be deemed invidious. 1, therefore, take this method of an
| swering all together, and ai uu*. same time saying briefly,
j not only to those who have thus manifested tlair wishes
1 in this particular, but to the other voters of the District gen
• caliy, that if it i’ tf<* will and pleasure of the people that 1
! shall serve them agaiu in the natiotial councils, 1 have no
] sufficient reason c'-l• with nv sense of duty to the
j country and n.y obligations to them, to justify me in refu
| sing—particularly at this* juuctuie. I leei profotmdly tk-n
----j eible of the signal marks ut confidence repeatedly shown
j towards me by the people of this District. Tiie present mav
| not be an improper to make some affusion to
them iiiid the past relations between us of Repr*s*entniive
arid constituent
During the whole time l have represented the district,
the honor has been conferred without any party nomina
tion—this is unusual in our day—and the honor, on that ac
count, has been the more highlv appreciated by me. Ii
has caused me, if possible, to teei more sensibly the weight
ol the responsibility resting upon rne, to watch over, look
aitei, guard and protect equally, the rights and interests ol
all. How far 1 succeeded in meeting their e&peefations in
the discharge of the great trnsts thus confidingly placed in
j my hands, they must judge for themselves. But it is quite a
! gratification to me to know that since I have been so cho
►en, not a single vote or act of mine, as their representa
i tive, was ever subject of complaint at Hie time, as tar aa I
I am aware of, by ;i single man of any party in tho district
j All approved, at the time it was done, of every tiling I did
as their representative. At least nothing was heard to the
contrary—no censure was made, no di approbation ever
was expressed. Party and national questions ol tho great*
est magnitude and most exciting character were acted on
during the time. At the fin-t of that term of service,
the Kansas bill, which is still the topic of so much discus
sion, was hi ought forwaid * 1 gave it, as you ali know, my
warm and zeafous support it.- success was hailed,not on
ly in tins distiici, but iy all parties throughout Georgia as
a great triumph—a triumph net of one section of the coun
try over another —not of the South over tho North tariher
than her restoration to equality was concerned —but of tho
friends of the Constitution ewry where owr those who
i for thirty years had been endearing to wre r that -ii unient
J from its true spirit, to accomplish selfish and sectional pur
poses against soulheru insMutmDs. And though x have
j seen up to this day no direi.t attack upon me individually,
for my position in connection with that measure, yet i /e
; gret t<> say. it is but too apparent, and has been for some
j time past, that a party in Georgia, and particularly in the
j Bth District, is rising up, whose object is, if not openly,
, covertly at least, to get u popular coade nation of it
They new cleat ly innuuate that it was the work o i trick
stera and demagogue*, for ttu purpose ol agitation and ex
i citemeut i o inis it might be a sufficient reply to say, that
j those who bring this charge are stopped from making any
j such accusation, ior they gave it professedly as hearty aii
i approval ar the time it passed as anybody else. If trick
tters were the authors of it, they were the trickstera
backer a.
The pretext now that they then gave their approval
with a reservation or exception as to the “alien sufiiage”
and “tqualier sovereignty” features as they are called, wiij
not do. This is but an after-thouaht, and wholly untena
ble at that. All the “aheu sulf age” the biil ever had was i-i
ii when it met the approval of the Georgia legislature n
Feburary, 1854, and when they declared that hostility i
the principles of the biil should be regarded as hostility to
the South. And as for the‘Squatter sovereignty” feature,
that was uotliiogbut a fancy ol the brain from the beginning
—which was conjured up some time after wards -about
the trrne it was discovered that the only def udeis of tfn
bill at the North, with few exceptions, were Democrats
j No such principle, however, ever was in the biil. This w;-
| conclusively shown during the canvass last year, uud j
j now’ generally admitted. In fact, the main argument In-t
: year whs not so much to show that any such principle w
j really in the bill, as to prove that such was the north* :
; construction ol it. It was etrenuojfejy contcniird 9 :hai iM<
Bitchuii&u bad put that construction'upon it iu hi- leiter -i
! acceptance. Bui by hin inaugural even that ground of com
i plaint (altogether imaginary and unsubstantial as it w-t
: was removed. T'his is now also oponiy acknowledged -
! and a very important acknowledgment A is—for with
the last v stige of that piclext for opposition or objection
| vanishes, it s a matter lo be noted and remembered that
| the Wairentun Convention, ol the 6th mat., that nominated
: my honorable competitor, expressly stale and proclaim:
“We coiaJese, then, our surprise, when his (VF. Buchaa
i mi’s) inaugural addre>s renounced squatter aovereignty—
and the edge of our opposition to his administration was
: blunted by iho apparent boldness and honesty of his sen
timents.”
Thia is an honest and timely confession. It is a com
plete answer to most of the arguments of their orators and
newspapers last year. Buchanan’s **squaU‘*r sovereignty”
principles was then thePtaple ot their speeches and edito
rials—it was the burthen of their song, ‘"the illiad of tiieir
woes.” it was this phantom that caused some in their
maddened rage to say that the bill, w ith this construction
was worse for the South than the Wilrnot Proviso itself.
Most blinding, must have been that rage which could have
I caused anybody to Fee that nnytking could have been t corse
| for the South than that positive, absolute, aud perpetual
\ prohibition against slavery in the Territory, put on in 1820.
and which the K m-ae bdl removed!
tlut tucii ilm.gs W'. have witnessed mui perhaps ..Danger
ones are iu store for u* yet. it is not so much, however,
with the past us with the present, aud the iuutre we have
to deal. Tho past it is true hoqueutij throws light upon the
j future, and tor this reason, it is net to be oegloeteil or tdr
gotten. 1 need not assure you that I was tor the bili in the
beginning and am ior it yet. and -hail stand by it to th.
last, notwithstanding the new “tire m the roar,” us well a
the old “in the iron!.'’
From late indications the next Congress wiii have beiore
it deeply interesting, if not uousuaiiy exciting questions—
not less so than those be'ore the last. In the elections for
the last Congress the reytnl ot the Kansas bill wa- a prom
inent issue at the Norm. Upon the assembling o. that
body a large majority oi the House were ciatmed to be in
favor of tts repeal, i'ui they did not succeed in their ob
ject. If, however, it was an unwise measure, got up by
agitators and tricksters .to serve seifi-h aud party ends,
ought it not to have been repealed ! On this point the War
renton Convention, it sucii be the drift and tendon, y of their
policy, are again estopped—at least their patty is—tor as
late as the 2Slh ol January, last year, the following resolu
Don was oifered tn the House of Representatives by Vlr
Jleac am of Vermont:
“Resolved, That in the opinion ol this House the repeal
ot the Missouri Compromise ot 1820, prohibiting slavery
north of latitude 360, was au example ol usele sand factious
agitation ol the slavery question, both iu and out of Con
gress which was an unwise and unjust to a portion of the
American people.”
This resolution is but a short statement oi the substance
of the commentary oi the Warrenton Convention, a. and if i
they are right their representative-ought to have voted tor ;
it. But he did not, nor did a single member of the Ameri
can party, or any party from the South, vote ior it except
Vlr Ktheriuge from Tennessee. Messrs. Foster aud Trippe
front this Stair, voted against it, so did the two Marshalls
from Kentucky. .Mr. Z IlieeHer irom Tennessee—all the
leaders t the party, aud every member of it from the South,
with the exception stated. Were these ali tricksters,agi
tators and demagogues, or the backers ot such paitry chat
acters ? This resolution passed the House, but the majori
ty did not succeed in their attempts to carry a repeal ol the
measure by law. Their whole efforts then were directed
to another election. In this they were signally defeated
again, as well in their attempts lo get control of the exec
utive as of the next House. Thus opened and thus ended
the last Congress so tar as the Kansas bill was concerned
it passed the ordeal of three stormy sessions intact and un
touched, and came out of tho Presidential contest sustained
and endor ed by the people ot the United States, ana by
every Southern State save one.
It was alter th.a memorable popular Verdict, in its favor
last tall —alter its principles seemed to be settled so tar as
the action ot Congress was concerned —alter everything ;
penaimng even to a doubtful construction was put to rest
by the inaugural oi Mr. Buchanau, and after the main prin
ciples of the bill were fully affirmed by the Supreme Court
ol Phe United States, in the Drew Scott ease, that did in
dulge a -troilg desire and wish lo retire. It was With this
measure above aii others, 1 had become identified m my
public career. With the prospect of its being firmly estab
lished in every department of government, the time seemed
suitable as .well as propitious, tor me to take that coutse,
which was so agreeable to my leelings.
Bui, since the indicaiiousto which I have here alluded,
have lurnished grounds to apprehend ihat these and kind
red questions will come up before the next Congress, I deem
it due to vou to say that 1 feel no disposition to shrink irom
the respostbilily of meeting them. Whatever may have
been my wishes for repo-e, however congenial to my
feelings and health, quiet and rest might be, I have no in
clination, voluntarily to qu.t the field ot action, so long as
the tight lasts on this measure. I ahaii, js the people so i
will it, stand by it to the end, let it be what ii may. As to t
my course, if elected, 1 have no new pledge or promise m
make. The form in which this question will present itself |
most probably m the next Congress, wiii not be. ou a re- ;
peal of the measure ; that idea is abandoned. It will be j
upon the point whether its principles shall be truly and j
faithfully canted into effect. It will bo my object to the
extent of my power, to see to it that this is done; not only
in Kama?, but in every other Territory of the United States.
These principles were set lorth in the Cine nnali Platform
ot last year, in the following words : j
“Resolved, That we recognize the right of ihe people of
all the Territories, including Kansas and Nebraska, acting
through tl.e legally and fairly expressed will of a majority
of actual residents, and whenever the number of their in
habitants justifies it, to form a Constitution with or without
domestic slavery, and be admitted into the Union upon
terms of perfect equality with other States.”
This resolution not only embodied the principles upon
which the Kansas bill was founded, (thereby fully endors
ing them) but it proclaims them as the permanent and eeE ;
tied future policy of the Geueral Government towards ail i
the Territories so far as the action ot that party uttering
them, can make it. It rests upon the basis of removing
I the qiwi. slavery in the = nitoi-n?** from the control
of ihe General Gove.sirnem and icaviog it :*> t>e eetiied in
tho proper way and the proper time, by the people mosi
dooply intere-re*l in it. 1 secure3 tho right o:’ perfect
equality between the citizens of all the States ir the Union
in the enjoyment ol the public domain as long as rhe Ter
ritoiial statu* couimnr'. •Since 18*30, an effort has been
made by the anti-slavery men at the North to utethe pow
ers of the General Government against Southern institu
tions. The first point of attack w.*s the T< rritones. Theii
policy was to hedge in, hem up, bind round, and by re
strictions to prevent the South from any further growth
and expansion. That this might ultimately weaken and
cripple, and da-troy the institution in the States *\as the
main object. On the part of the South, it was justly in
sisted that her right of expansion was equal to that of the
Nor:h. This right,alter a struggle for years, was first se
cured in 1850, after the defeat of the Wiimo Proviso, or the
Congressional restrictive policy. The Kansab bill d’d but
follow up and carry out the policy of 1850—wh le the res
olution just quoted, adopts and looks to the ealabiishmeoi
ot this as the lutuitj policy of the Government. In my
judgment, the principles upon which this policy rests, are
worth the Union itseit. Its objecis were and are not to
make Kansas, or any other Territory either a slave or a free
State by the action of Federal authority, but to let the peo
ple in each, when they come to form their Slate Coostitu
non, make it lor them selves “in their own way,” übject lo
no limithtion or rest;ietiou save the Constitution of the
United State- It was to prevent the General Government
from having anything to do with or exercising any influ
ence over the formation of the Constitution of the n*w
States, either for or again.-t slavery, ii carried out iu good
faith, it secures to the S<;"th unlimited right of expansion
to the utmost extent of her capa ay. More than thia, she
has no reason lo ask more. And with tins she has noth
ing to lear now or hereafter,either from “British philan
thropists'* or “American Abolitioniatt,” or the “moral sen
timeiUs of Christendom.*’ Secure in her own State insti
tutions, without the power of molestation on the part of
the Federal authorities ; with the lull enjoyment of the
right to grow as the country grows, and to enlarge as that
enlarges, and to carry her slave population wherever cli
mate, soil, and productions invite them in our immense
public domain,she has nothing to lear from any quarter. I
am not one of those who indulge in forebodings of evils
to the South in any contingency, either in the Union or out
of it She hold- in her hands not only her destiny and the
destmy of ihe Union, but the destiny of much gienier in
terests ilian all these combined. One of her great staples
alone now forma the basis of the commerce, enterprise,
and wealth of the world. Not only the Northern Mates,
hut most of the nations of Europe are fast becoming do
pendent upon her. ‘I he idea that the question of African
: slavery is one ot vital interest onlv to those who own the
| slaves, and io the ex tout of the money invested in them, is
( a chimera which might bo expected to emanate from ihe
j brains of those who think it a divine mission to war against
j divine decrees
1 he amount ol capita! invested in slaves is but a drop in
! the bucket compared with ihe much vaster amount put in
• motion and sustained by the products of their labor There
jis not a flourishing village or hamlet at the North-—to say
i nothing of their towns a;-d cities that does not owe its proa
| perity to Southern cotton England, w-iih her millions of 1
I people, and billions upon biliicus of pounds sterling, could
j not survive six months without it. This they begin to feel
| aud lament. We emphatically hold the lever that winds:
j the destiny of m de.rn civilization m its widest scope and ’
! eompn hension ; and all we have to do is tv* realize the
; onsciousne?s of our power, and be resolveti ■ maiuiam
i it
In this connection, it may not be amiss • r out of place,
to notice an article in one of our own journals of a recent
dutr. The Columbus Hr quiier, in its issue of the 12th
May last, says ;
“From the commencement ol the Government until the
i piest-m period,the South comparatively has been growing
’small by degrees and beautifully less'in wealth, popular*
; lion, in lit- rutore and m ail the elements which add power
and greatness to a Mate, l! any oue should be incredu
lous of the fact, let him examine ihe different census re j
ports which have been made, and the truth will reveal i'peli ]
m all its fearful proportions.”
This ought to be a most mortify i g reflection to every
Southern man, il upon reference to the authorities cited, the !
j facts were found to sustain the statement. But theceocuse*
furuich no material tor such a depreciation of our section
It >’ true ihe North has a larger population than the South, j
tnd this she had at the beginning. At the tirei ceo.-us, in i
1790, the population of the present non-slavtholdiug States j
sd (1,H0D,976; nearly two millions, while the white pop ;
uiatiori ? tho M uth was only 1,271,488, not much ovei ‘
one-ha!•. It : afe.o true, when we look not only to the- !
ipca! :iispn>- oetwe-en the numbers of the white pop- j
•iat\ -i ot tho North and the Souih, but aI?o to the siill j
ii • ■ comparatively MnalJ number ot slaves ut rby Souih, j
die prospect fori': o rettlemem of new States to be ad I
mitted hi. > the Union out ot the public uriitory, would I
seem to be greatly in favor of the North. These very cen* j
sea reports, however, render this prospect much lets die- j
cou'agi.tg to us, for with a white population of only a little j
over twelve hundred thousand in ihe Souih, agnimt a like j
population of near two millions in the North, and w-th a
slave popuia*ion ol only about 8t)0,l<00 when the South has
certainly lost nothing m rompaneou with die North, in her
spirit, energy and cinerpns*:, m rolling the tide .;l civiliza
tion onwards, by ihe settlement and colonization of new
Stales Mitre men, under her auspices and under her in
stituiions, there have been settled, colonized and admitted
; nto the Union tne following State*: Kentucky, Tennes
see, Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Arkansas, Missouri,
Mississippi and Texas—nine in nil—and all slave Slates,
while iho free State-* which havetieea admitted and which
properly speaking, have been settled and colonized in ihe
same time are only seven in number. They are Ohio,
Michigan, Wisconsin, Indiana, Illinois, lowa and Califor
nia. Vermont and Maine can badly properly be taken into
this account, lor the former was pait of the New Hamp
shire plantations, aud was settled as rariy as that State, in
deed, a; ihe Kevolutior she claimed a separate existence— i
while Maine was cdt off from Massachusetts But if those j
two also be put in the count, it will make but nine-—the same i
number ot free States admitted ae ot States ince ihe |
< government was formed.
in point of wealth, the South ha- nothing to tear by a j
j comparison with the North. Upon all fair principles of !
! <*9timation and comparison, tho advantage nre*‘ii her side. •
And a- far as our own Stare is concerned the
that uo portion of the United States excels her in all the
elements ot power grentnoes, and progress
If then, with such great disproportion in population
against them in the beginning, and v.itn such a small num
ber of blacks, the South has held her own so well,and lost \
; nothing even under a partial rood lotion against her from j
i 1854, what need ahe to fey.r n<>* with tho uulinnted right of \
j expansion and diffusion, ■ cor ling to her means, inclina 1
tiou,aud eiiaiactor of her population ? The maintenance !
!of this prir.cpl* of v.i*l and vital importance to her.- j
\nd the great ob’,cct with her men and statesmen should fe*, .
! tot£o that i: ie faithfully carried cut m Kansas, let there j
suit under its operation be what it may.
1 have said that this will be un important question prob- j
ably beiore ti ere st Congress This arises from the doc
trines and position of Governor Walker in his inaugural and j
iate speeches in that Territory. There caa he no question, j
I it seems to tne, that he has violated the plain letter and |
meaning of the Kansas bill, as well as the resolution quoted j
I from the Cincinnati platform,upon which the present Ad
ministration waselevated to power. ‘Theone declares it to
be the true meaning and intent of the art, to leave it to the
people to settle their own institutions in their own way for
j thein*elves. IJis argument against the possibility of slave
: ry ever going there, was intended to influence the public
| mind against, it* introduction. He threw all the weight
of his official position again*! it. If what he says be true,
it was no le** ui ju-u than unnecessary to say it. Bui a
grosser violation of principle he committed in urging that
the Constitution of ihe new State should be made, la a par
ticular way to suit bun, and in declaring that if it was not,
she w’ould not and ought not to be admitted into the Union.
Under the Kansas bill the people there have the right to
make their Constitution “in their own way,” “acting” (in
tne language of the resolution above quoted) “through the
legally ami fairly expressed will of a majority of the actual
residents ”
Now, the Convention which has been elected to form a
Constitution there, has been chosen under “the legajly and
fairly expressed w ii l of a majority of the actual residents”
as far as it could oe ascertained by law’. This no one can
gainsay. If any reiused to vote it was their own choice not
to do it.
The convention thus elected,have plenary powers in con
fortuity to law, to form a Constitution. It is their right to
submit it for ratification or not, as they may choose. The
question of the propriety of submitting it or not ;*• one for
ihemselves to determine. This, it is their peculiar province
to decide. If Gov. Walker had barely suggested, recoin
mended or advised its submission. 1 should not complain ol
that part of his address. But he goes on to say that il they
do not do it the new State wiii net be, and ought not to he
admitted. This is virtually saying that the people “acting
under the legally and fairly expressed wiii oi the majority,”
shall not form their Constitution “iu their ow n way ’ but in
his way, or that which Congre*s shall see fit to dictate.
This is opeuinz up the whole question in anew shape It
goes further It brings up the old Missouri quest ion—that
is the right or powei of Congress to impose conditions and
restrictions upon the new States in ihe formation of their
Constitutions—when by the plain letter of the Constitution
of the Uuited States, Congiess can only look into the Con
slitution of the new State applying and see that i is Re
publican in form. If it come from the legally constituted
authorities, Congress has no right or power to inquire into
or take jurisdiction over the questiou aa to how it was
made—do more in the case of Kai *as than in the case of
j Georgia or Rhode Island. Aim if Kansas should be rojec-
I ted on that grouud, then an enquiry might be instituted as
| to how all the other State Constitutions have been made.
| The questiou is one that involves our whole Federative sys-
I tern. The main point, it seems to me, is alwaysoverlooked
j by those who see uo error in Gov. Walker’s address
Their minde are directed simply to the propriety of submit
ting the Constitution for ratification. Un that point I have
nothing to say, because it properly and directly concerns
nobody but the people of Kansas. Ii is the right of the
! Convention, the r chosen organ, to do it or not to do it, as
they piease. But suppose they choose not to do it? who
clothed Gov W T alker or anybody else with authority to
say, either that efce would not or ought not to be admitted
into the Union ? Ceitainiy his written instructions which
we have seen, warrants him iu holding no such language
This may or may not become an important question in the
next Congress, according a* the Convention then may or
may not determine to conform to Gov.
. they do thus conform, the question will mo*t probably be
i ended. Bnt, if they do not—if they adopt a pro-slavery
! Constitution without submitting it, and present themselves
j for admission under it just as several other States have
> done, then the question will come up with all its interest and
magnitude. Ii will be one of much wider, broader and
deeper range, than *nv one heretofore connected with Kan
sae matters. It strikes at the foundation of our Govern
ment. It involves everything recognized as State Bights
and State Sovereignty. It is of higher import than any
thing connected with ihe position of any man, party or
Administration.
Ii the prej-ent Administration takes -ides with Governor
Walker on it, he and they will share the same fate. 1 can
not, however, permit myself to belio\e ior a moment that
they will, in thus contingency, take Mich grounds. The
doctrine ia too outrageous and monstrous to allow any
such interference. So far as Mr Buchanan is concerned—
to say nothing of the individual memi-trs of his cabinet—
there is nothing in hi* past history to warrant anv such con
clusion ; nothing in his administration ‘hits far affords any
grounds even to suspect it, except the met that he has not
removed him. Apart from this Walker business, no admio
istration has ever, in my day, so fully met my cordial ap
proval. But in my judgment Walker i>ught lo have been
removed. I ni not, howe'er, in the habit of condemning
without a heaung. Mr. Buchanan may have reasons for
his course we know’ nothing of. In the meauiiine he must
and wifi b held responsible for the consequences attending
Ins letenrion, whatever They may 111 These he cannot *n
cape from.
But as matters now siand, what ought to bo donet 1
men what ocgiii to f>* done by those wfio really and in good
faith, inteud to stand by the principles that brought the pres
out Administration into powei ? l’h* olam<;r fry our oupo
nents is loud for tfe rebuke and condemnation of the rres
ideut on account < 1 tho Walker policy in Kansas. Anri
who are those wheae indignation at these outrages upon
sou them rights has been so suddenly awakened ? Men who
eon.-ider the passage of the bill that secuted lues** rights,
which have ihus i>een outraged as nothing but the work of
tticksters, got up for excitement and agitation—men who
twelve months ago could see nothing in it but 4 squatter i
sovereignly,” more odious and hurtful to the South than tK
Wilrnot Provi.-o itself, but who now say, that but for Wal j
kt-r, Kansas would certainly have come in as a slave Slate— j
men who now find it convenient to express much feigned ;
wrath at the wrongs that have !>een done us ; who could j
not express iheir delight when they first heard of these j
wrong- ! One of the leading organs ol thia party in Geor
gia, the Macon Journal 6$ Messenger, headed an article
announcing Gov Walker’s address, with ‘Something to
rejoice at.” Verily put of'the abundance of the heart the
mouth sometimes speaketh. Sumner or Seward could no*
have been more exultant when that address tiist met their
eyes. But io you. voters of the Btii disirict. 1 put the ques
tion, are those the men you should join to place their nomi
nees in power for the purpose of rebuking the Administra
tion, or even Walker? Surely wmiM t-erebuking him (
with a vengeance!
It may be true, <.h staled, that but for hi- course m Kan- !
sas she would certainly hav* ■ omo into the Union as a
slave Slate. But to whom are we indebted for tiiat policy j
which wh- leading so certainly t<.* that result { Not to j
those who are now so indignant, though lately so full oi |
“something to rejoice at,” but io those true and gallant con
slitution abiding men at the north ‘whom it was the pleas
ure, not twelve mooihs ago, of these latter day “iudigna
tionists’’ to assail and denounce with a rancour not aura •
i passed by anything ultered by Hale or Giddingu. ‘l’his L-
I iio time to follow any -uch leaders If Walker, or other
j we trusied, have or shall prove untrue to u. upon this great
I question, we should at least he true to ourselves. Ii are
j buke is to be given, it ought to b- given by those who feel
the wrongs committed, and who have the fit and proper
spirit to give it This above all oiu r times, is the one
when every dictate of patriotism requires all ihe ieul and
true friends v.f the Kansas biil. North and South, to slanri
together and see that it is faithfully executed —and deal with
all who oppose it as they deserve to be dealt by. The j
whole South in ihe next Congress w iti apptoach lieno r ti.
unanimity, iu its party character,than ever before—she wjli j
present almost a united front —so nearly so, as to warrant j
the division of the House for all practical puiposew into but ;
two parties, the Democratic and the Black Republican.
The American party North if utterly defunct—-they have i
| not a member elected to the next Coug mss .that 1 am aware j
| of. At the South thus far, they have elected but five, Ibo
‘■ lieve; two iu Kentucky, two in Tenne'See and one m Mis
j souri—five in gll. Should Georgia =- nd her entire efeioga
I lion of that party, they could do nothing, however willing
| they might b*\ without the co operation of the National
I Democracy. From the North fifty one LVmccraib have
j been elected, pledged to the principles ot the Kansas hill
set forth in the resolution of the Cincinnati Convention i
j have quoted. The paramount object, therefore, iu securing
; tne rebuke of Walker as well a? the maintainance of om
j principles in any and every contingency should be to select
| for Congress men true to .he principle? themselves, ami who
j will cordially unite with and co-opt-rato with all those
i Noith and South, who have the same great end m view.
! This is no time for those devoted to these principles, to
j abandon their organ Nation, either State or National. It is
I time when they should stand in firmer and in more, solid
| column. It is tho time when, ali truo men who look to
! principles as an object higher that* party, should strike for
j the cou. try, and .-trike iu that wav in which iheir power
can he most efficiency felt
These, views, my (eiiow citizens. Oi tho eighth district, I
submit to you. They are given with that hank ness with
which 1 Lave always spoken to you. il there is auything
in them ill it lalis harshly upon the ear of any one, he wall
please’pardon it. It m not my intention to he offensive to
any one They are my <>wn sentiments upon some of tho
public topics ot the day, which you were entiiled to kuow,
upon the announcement of my name as a candidate lor
your suffrages Consider them, ami weigh them as the ini*
port a nee o i the subjects demands if you see fit to elec!
me, the utmost of my ability as at times pa-t shall be devo- ;
ted to your service, i .-hail assume the trial without any
personal objects er aims to accomplish 1 have no ambi
tion but to aeive my countiy, and to wee it advancing
throughout its whole length and breadth in all that will add
to its peace, development, happiness, prosperity and g.eat- \
nose. So far as lam personally concerned, l can say with j
truth, I would not give a day ot mat ai my eherir-hed home 1
for a whoie life spent at Washington. If you think that
my competitor, the nominee of thf Warrenton Convention,
will serve vou better, abler, more efficiently or more faiih
’ fully, you have but to sav so. And it he .-hall succeed in j
j doing it, I assuie you no one will be more gratified at it 1
: than myself AlexanDKß H. Stkfhk.vr
Ur .WfordviJie, Ga.. Aug. 14, 1857.
From the Savannah Georgian.
Speech of Judge Brown, at St. Andrew’s Hail.
Judge Brown commenc and his speech with a review of
i the past hatory of the Democratic party, and the great
j fundamental principles upon *hich it is reared, and uoon
j the faithiul execution of which depends, not only the pro 9
I perity, but the safety of the Government. He alluded to
: the fact that the Demoeiatic party had been the dominant
j party in thi country, and that under its rule, our territory
j had been enlarged, and with it our Constitsti n and gov
i ernmental principles He said ihat Florida bad been ee
j cured by h Democratic administration that the territory ol
l Louisiana had been * cured by the same party, together
i with Texas, California and the recently organized territo
j ries, and that for all the slave term ry which has been ac
i qnired by us we are indebted to the p iicv and action of
, the Democratic party He refeired to the old Whig par
j ty which had opposed us gallantly through a long course
j of years, sometimes successfully, but always openly and
manfully He pointed out. truthfully and forcibly the caus
es of its cfeeay uud defeat, and paid a just tribute to its for
mer leaders, and those of the rank and file, whose hones*
ty and patriotism could not f*e controlled or awed by the
Know’ Nothing party, but who had iu the hour of peril
despised the difference of names, and had stood side by
side with us in defence cf the Constitution and the equal
rights of the Souih under it.
He reviewed the history of the Know Nothing party
from its commencement iti the Northern States until upon
Southern soil it was broken down and defeated by the solid
phaianxee of the Democracy, end hurled back to the
Northern dens from which it emanated covered with
shame and dfegr&te.
Hi- examination ot tho history of the po-ifion of the
Know Nothing party of Georgia upon the Kansas bill, ;
was severe and searching, showing in no enviable light, i
the action of that party, which once endorsed the princi
ple* of ihat Bill, and were now found denouncing it, and j
declaring to the world that they are insincere now, or were
so when they solemnly asseverated that opposition to it
was hostility to the rights of the South He defined his
position upon the Walker and Kansas question boldly and
distinctly. He said that the Georgia Convention was right
in denouncing the interference and language of Gov.
Walker That its action under the circumstances whs en
tirely right and proper, that in his opinion it was always
betterit it were necessary to err at all t< err on the side of
the South. That i? was not the part oi wisdom or justice
to make war upon Vlr Buchanan because be d.d not im- s
mediately recall Gov. Walker That it was a question !
for calm consideration and deliberation, and that as Geor- i
gia wa- the only .Slate which had made such a demand ■
upon the administration, it could riot be expe- led ihat the- ‘
Executive should hastily, yield a compliance with the de
mand. i
He showed the weakness and insufficiency of the vari- ’
otis remedies proposed by Vlr. Hill for a tedress of the
wrongs of the South, if any had been committed, and said
that be had yet to learn of that breach and division in the
ranks of cur party, which the opposition press prated about
with an industry and perseverance w hich evinced their de
sire to create p. division from which they hoped to profit.
We cannot attempt to follow Judge Brown throughout
the whole of his speech—which was “Tie of the most calm,
temperate, and convincing arguments it has ever been our
pleasure to hear from a* y political man. He indulged in
no extravagance of language or gesture, mado me of no
abuse or vituperation, indulged in none of the jests and
tricks common to stump oratory ; but addressed himself at
once to the reason and iuteifect ot Ins audience.
Hfe speech itself provoked no bursts ot applause or mer
riment, but was listened to throughout with a quietness and
attention which sufficiently attested ihe power and force of
truths of which he spoke. We are fully convinced that
the reports of his ability in debate aro not exaggerated, lor
his coolness and self po*ve<sion and power of argument
aro the most proper and effective weapons with which to
meet the dap trap and bunkum of popular poliiical speak
ers. He is not the man to make floaters yell— but is evi
dently qualified to defend his principles, strengthen his
party and attach himself to the honest and intelligent yeo
manry oj the country. The impression he haR made upon
the Democracy of Chatham will be read in large majority
for him at the election in October.
Law Department in Franklin College. —We understand
the trustees of Franklin College have appropriated ten
ihousand dollars for the erection of a building n the site
of the old Presbyterian church, opposite the Newioo House
to be used as a law school.— Athens Banner.
From the St. Paul (Min . Advertiser.’
| Letter from Mr. **oonibs —The Land Grant for Minftt ■
sora Railroad.
j St Pavl, April 3b, 1857.
Hun. Robert Tooinba— Sir: At a numerous meeting ol
the citizens of St. Paul, and citizens of Minnesota sojourn
ing at St. Paul, held on the 2fiih of March, il was deter
mined in addition to general airangements for a suitable
celebration of the passage by Congress • f the Minnesota
land grant iu aid ol railroad construction, u> express the
general aud grateiul appreciation in whiph >or it.'sinteres
ft and and valuable advocacy of that measure is h* a i. : his
community, by inviting you to visit the Territory during
the ensuing summer, and to accept the compliment of a pub
lie dinner at Sr Paul, upon some day to be di signaled as
most convenient to \ ourself
Asa committee appointed by the meeting to communi
cate thia requnst, we would express the hope that your en
gagements w ill admit of an excursion to Minnesota during’
the summer, aod to a further acquaintance w ith a commu
nity, with whose future prosperity and progress, your name
will !e conspicuously identified.
We remain, sir,
Y ours respectfully,
James W. Taylor,
VVxt Hollingshead,
VV. L. Bannino,
G. Fuller,
It A. Babcock.
Washington, Ga., July 18th, 1857.
Gentlemen : Vour letter of April 30th, enclosing me the
resolution* passed at S. Paul, by a portion of the people ot
Minnesota, inviting me to a dinner, has been duly received
It was mv hope and earnest desire to visit the Upper Missis
i s;ppi (including Minnesota), during the present summer, and
i expected until recently to bo ab! to accept the honor ten
i dered by your public meeting. But a recent accident pre
| vents me temporarily from travelling, and I am, therefore,
reluctantly compelled to deny myself ihat pleasure. Iu the
sxereiseof its large constitutional power to “dispose of”
tho public lands, it is the duty of the Federal government
to promote the prosperity and interest of the new States
and Territories to every extent compatible with the rights
of the common owners. This should be a fundamental prin
ciple governing such disposition. The policy of granting
alternate sections of the public lands to the States and Ter
ritories in which they lie, lor Ihe purpose of internal im
provements, under the conditions embraced in the act to
which you refer, falls wi bin this principle, and is sound,
w ise and constitutional. Its judicious application has been
approved and suppeftted by me since my entrance into the
Federal legislature. Ir. does not cost the treasury a single
dollar, and it develops the resources of our new settlements
with a rapidity arid solidity hitherto unexampled in the his
lory of the world. Appeals are constantly mado to the old
.States against it, and it is olten asserted by the opponent*
ot the policy, that it appropriates a common fund lo pro
mote local interests. Il this was true, tne objection would
be well taken, but its whole force rests upon an error in !
tact. Auer exposure to the highest bidder at public sale, i
all unsold public lauds are subject to entry at one dollar !
and twenty-five cents per acre, until further reduced by the !
laie graduation act Then to gram alternate sections oi !
such lands for internal improvements and doubling the price j
of the remaining alternate sections, brings precisely the
same amount of money into the public treasury Our ox-j
perience shows that such improvements do in lact double .
the market value ot the sections leserved by the govern .
meat, and that they are more readily sold at the double
price than other land of equal natural value, net affected by
such improvements, can be sold at the minimum price !
This single lact, attested by the records of the land office, j
wholly overturns the objection. And it is pWftCtly clear
that it tho railroad companies, whose great profits arising
from their enterprise are frequently referred to for the pur- |
pose ot exciting hostility to the system, by arousing the ba J
ser passions of human natute, had entered and paid for, at :
the minimum price, all the public lands wuhin the limits of!
.heir grants, their profits would have been enormously en- j
larged. Yet this can be done at any time by any who may
choose to do it The government would not thereby get a j
Jingle additional dollar, and the profit* ol the cornpaube ;
would be greatly increased. It is true that the new States
; ire greatly henefitted by this policy, but the old Stales are in |
I now ise injured and partake in the general prosperity which
it promotes. Until nearly die end ol the last Congress, the
benefits of this policy had not been granted to Minnesota,
notwithstanding the earnest, and indefatigable efforts
, >f your distinguished representative, the Hon. 11 M Rice
! SiniMer influences outside of your Territory, in the face of
his ttern, upright and manly opposition, bought to make
vour great imereets subs*rvient to schemes ot private specu
li.iiou J*deHried it my duty at tins rricis to interpose to
• uid him in his efforts to secure your equal and just rights, to
i rescue this gram from the grasp ot mercenary speculators, j
I und to jilace itsobly unAr tho control of your own legist a
j lure I’hese objects were accomplished by the bid, and I !
! trust ?hat the people of Minnesota will see to it dial this mu- ;
j niticeut grant, thus placed in their hands by Congress, un
-1 trammelled, shall bo feithluily applied to the noble public :
u oh for which it was designed, and that the millions ot tree- j
j who are destined to occupy that great State may re- j
j ce’.vo its benefits through distant age Thus to u*e it will !
. he the best vindication of the policy, and of those who us
fcdn ir. Please return my thanks to those whom you repre- !
->ent for the honor tendered me, and my regrets tor my in- |
ability io accept it.
I am very respectfully,
Your ofieaient servant,
M R TOOMBS. I
Messra. Jas. VV. ‘l’sylor, VVm. Hollingshead, W. L. Ban- j
i ring, A. (*. Fuller, L. A. Babcock
[From the Irish Newe.j
Better from Johu Mitchell,
j Bo John Martin, Esq , sometime Irish Exile :
Knoxville, Tenn . July 20, 1857.
-I v Dear Martin :— The tide of emigration from Ire
laud hither, keeps flouring, and in a fuller stream. So
j much the better. In your last letter from Paris, you re
; mark that fact, and add : “Prosperous as Ireland now is,
I the desire to get away from such prosperity seems to he
! stronger, and to extend itself among the best of middle
j classes”—which is right ami necessary. Let ihere be Exo
dus then, and more Exodus.
Until alit r the final destruction of the British empire,
which I hope cannot now be far, t* ere is an end to ali
hope of liberty there. But r*o end of liberty here ; no end
<>. resources Lvery landless man, uprooted out of Tip
perary or Donegal, may have land here ; may root him
sdl and grow 7 ; not only grow, hut act, vote, live. Instead
of craving and craving iu vain for beggarly ‘tenant-right,’
he may establish himself iu sovereign landlord right From
tin- low e-tate of being subject to a queen—and of all
j queens your queen—he may promote himself to citizen
, snip o a very fair Republic
‘The five years’ probation for citizenship has. like Sherrfe
i sack, a two-fold operation in it. Probation both tor the im
migrant and for th*- Republic. It gives the Americans
time to judge whether he ts w orthy to be tf.eir fellow-citi
i ‘ /ftn He may not .‘•ait ihe cl uutry ; the country may not
| h ,rfi ;in the former caw he will be rejected—in the latter,
he may, without blarne, change his declared ‘intention’
j and reject.
In the latter case, to be sure. I would not praise his taste :
wouid infer, indeed, a large deficiency of common sense.—
Fj my own part, after a residence of three veara and a
half, 1 hold my intention ; I mean, sir, io be an American ;
to be active, instead of passive—arid to begin rulin he
land as one ot the sovereigns thereof. For you knov m
an axiom here, that Americans shall rule America.
xNot only does America com tent me—the South especiai
ily delights me You ami I. O’Brien and l, are not in ac
-1 cord upon this ; the result of your and his acquaintance
I (excuse me) wiih the rnarier in’harO V•> remember that I
! before I saw a Southern .Slate, or iij .uorht i should ever
j see It, J did, by way of retort upon a ‘philanthropic’ npr.eal
ot Mr. Haughton’s, wish fora plantation of negroes in’the
| State of Alabama. Now that I have see,. moc {, of :he
j South, and have lived in it eight and twenty months, I
j wish lor two plantations in that re-pectable State,
j Ihe South and iter institutions are established, strong,
; impregnable Amongst civilized communities, none are
Iso seeure as the Southern Stales of America. Instead of
anxiously apologizing for themselves, they can now s.t ?e
rene, and benigi.antly pity you ali. No nobleman or
country gentleman, er whatsoever land, and and privileged
man there be—no baron or .-quire or knight of the shirejn
fcingland or any where else, feels the ground under his fee!
so hrm as does the Southern planter—attempts to discharge
so high duties, oi has any notion at all of such duties to be
diecharged, as he “pauses ami.fer his came preservers with
awful eye,” and Stales hopelessly at Ihe riddle of his own
existence, environment and destiny. Poor soul ! Jet him
j fire away while the game is good. The Prince Albert
opens Crystal Palaces still ; and no man has yet cut the
feiou throat ot Second December.
I send you, for your enlightenment, certain numbers of
the Charleston Standard, (a straightforward journal, con
ducted by a straightforward friend ‘d mine,) not as the
best sample, perhaps, ol southern journalism, but as the
exposition of .Southern opinion nearest mv hand. You will
perceive that ihe South begins to fat sui juris, to plead ip
its own court, to form itsow . opinion, aod to he a law unto
itself Os Exeter Hall, and the great canting British public,
il steadily sets at naught all tire counsel, and will receive
none ot the reproof Based oil cotton bales and sugar
hogsheads, as on a lock aid .-trong tower ; its feet washed
by the Mississippi an.: the Gulf; fortified by the Constitu
tion, and content with its ov\n exia-ri-nce of its own bless
ings, it seems to be (Union or no Union , in the siruighl way
ol becoming one of the greatest of all countries, ancient
or modern. A glowing anticipation which will cot long
appear to you extravagant.
air. Spratt. of the l.hailestrm .Standard, ciaimß the merit
of having,first ir. the South,strongly and broadly asserted
the genuine Southern principle—that slavery isa blessing
is a sound, moral, and beneficial institution, and basis of
institution.'—that it has a right and duty to .levelope itself,
exiend itsell and workout its own destinies—that lo attain
its maximum of efficiency, it demands more negroes from
mat ator house where Providence breeds them for it —and
of course that it require to be disembarrassed oi all that
fraudulent preteuce ol philanthropic cruizing squadrons ;
whereof I shall have somewhat to say presently
Wiih pleasure 1 tell you that your old collaborateur,
Brennan, by his writings in the New Orleans Delta and
Times (poor fellow ! ho has written his last) gave early
and powerful aid in the samp direction. You may re
member that I also, throe years ago in tho Citizen, repeat
edly advocated the re opening of the African slave trade ;
but then a* luo not reason —only dogmatize—and put
everything forward, hard, bare arid rigorous, what 1 Bay
has often a paradoxical, even offensive aspect, which makes
the weaker brother turn away from it; lor trutu stark na
ked—you know how indecent she look*.
[TERMS $2 00 IN ADVANCE
That which three years ago, seemed as unfeasible as a
project to tevive the Crusades, is now at least discussed :
w hether it shall be adopted or not, depends in the long
run, solely on the question, whether the Southern States
shall judge it on the w hole beneficial to themselves.
♦ ****♦***
Now to return to the South and her fortunes—you can
easily perceive that I attach much consequence to those be
ainmngs of down right Southern sentiment and opinion
which are noted above They are so much resistance to
ihe fh'od of enlightened' mot-em cant and slang, which
otherwise was threatening to spoil ail our perceptions of
right aid wrong, ot heauti ul and hideous, of true and
fal-e ; so many sufficient piles planted down to fi.rm a
broakwaier against the catalysm of Kxeter Hall philan
thropy, which is indeed ‘one ot the worst paa-ions oi our
nature/ Nay, they indicate that America is about to orig
inate anew national literature of her own. Hitherto, as
you are aware,this comment has had no native hteiature
worth naming—and what must have been the effect upon
her general health of so much fore gn gar’ age, either fresh
as imported from England, or re compiled, echoed, edited,
and mimicked in New England, one rm*y withdisgu*t con*
ceive. An unwholesome mistake has been too prevalent —
that it is enough to be politically free of England ; enough
that she makes no Jaws lor us ; but that her liteiature, crit
icism, ethics, be manufactured, by dint of cheap labor,low
er than we can afford to get up articles here, may serve
our turn ;as the Manchester dry goods,do, well enough ;
nay, weevendo ou selves credit and show our Anglo-
Saxon breeding by ‘appreciating’ all that balder dash
Bui for this gri vous mistake America never would have
heard of Abo itionism, nor of Kuow Nothitigi-m. It is a
mi*take which has c.st her dear; and which will not, per
haps, he tully set right until after the third and last war with
the ‘mother country * * * * ♦
Proceedings of the Southern Commercial Convention.
Third day August 12.h—Knoxville Tennessee Conven
tion met at 9 o’c lock. Prayer by the Rev. B. H Overby
Ga. Journal of preceding day read by B. B. DeGraffcO
reied ol Ga., principal Becretary, and approved.
Mr Lyons, ot Va., Irom the committee on business,
made a report upon various matters referred to them.
The committee asked to be discharged from the further
consideration of communications referred to them, upon the
subject of peace.
The committe reported back !he following resolutions
and recommend that they be adopted by the Convention :
Resolved, That, in the opinion of this Convention, the
establishment of lines ol steamship* for the conveyance of
passengers and produce between Southern ports and foreigu
ports form part of the commercial devel .pment of the
South.
Resolved, That, a* the building of railroads has been
deemed necessary for internal intercourse and commerce
i between the different Southern States, and the same has
| been fostered by public aid from the respective States, so
j ihe commercial intercourse of the South with foreign na
I tions is a iso entitled to similar public aid and considera
! tion. *
Resolved. That, with the large capital and facilities for
| business anu the establishment of avenues of trade of lead
; ing Northern ports, the commerce ot the South with for
| efen nations only b- diverted to herself bv the tempo
; rarv sacrifice of capitai in the establishment and early main
i icuai ee of her enterprise, and to secure these ends public
| aid is nece?Bary.
Resolved, T hat copies of the above resolutions be sent
to legislatures of the different Southern States. Agreed
1 to.
Also the following resolutions :
Resolved, That the present discrimination of the general
government in favoring lines of foreign mail service, start
ing from northern poin e, is unwarranted and unjust; and
that as an act of equal our representatives in Congress
be requested lo mai.-l that ihe same amount of encourage
ment, under ihe same conditions, be granted to any com
pany or companies which may be founded tor the purpose
ol flu.-taiuing lines of route service from portsof the South.
Resolved, That a committee of five be appointed by the
president of this Convention, to inemoraiize the legislatures
ot the Southern Stases in furtherance of the subjects set forth
in the foregoing resoiion—rejected and leconsideied.
Mr. Lyons also reported hack the following resolution,
offered by Mr. Courehwell of'Tenn.
Resolved, That this Convention request the Governors
of die several Southern States, to appoint five delegates
whose duty it shall bo to present the subject of a line of
steamships across the Atlantic for the development ol the
resources of the .-south, and the building up ot our carrying
j trade with Europe, to the people ot the Southern States,
! and to solicit aid to carry out such plan as sain delegates
may adopt in a convention which they *hall call at such
’ time and place as they may select.
After discussion, the resolution was adopted.
VI r. Lyons reported from ie committee resolutions re
commending that the next session of this Convention be
i held in the city of Montgomery, Alabama, on the second
Monday of May 1858.
| A call upon the Governors, and the authorities of towns,
; cities and couutiee in the several Southern siates, to ap
point Delegates, and provide for the appointment of a com
mittee of five to propose and is9ue a call stating the objects
! of the Convention.
The resolutions were then adopted aud Messrs. Lyons,
j ot Va , Bethea of Ala , Church well, of Tenn., Yancey, of
| Ga., -and Boyce of 8. C., were appointed the committee.
The Convention proceeded to consider the following res
! olution:
Resolved,'That it be recommended to the Legislatu'ee
of a I the alavtjholding States to pass acts exempting one
or more slaves in tfe- hands of each slaveholder from lia
biii y Lr debts contracted after the passage of said acts.
The resolution was adopted.
The commi tee also recommended the Convention to ad
opt sundry resolutions encouraging southern manufactories,
and merchant-* who im ort directly from abroad.
The committee also recommend that the following reso
lution be rejected by the convention.
Resolved, that the indirect system of taxation by dutiee
on imports should be abandoned by the Federal Govern
ment.and that direct taxation should be reported to exclu
sively ; thus securing entire free trade, perfect equally in the
burdens of taxa ion and the utmost economy in the ad
ministration ot the government.
Mr. Flournoy, of Va., spoke against the resolution.
Mr. Jones, of Ga., spoke in favor of ihe resolution, but
without concluding gate way to a motion that it bri made
the special order for tn morrow morning at 10 o’clock.
Mr. Pry.tr, cf Virginia, offered rhe following resolution :
Resolved. That this Convention does not approve of the
policy of .federal bounties to steam ship lines.
Astor discussion the resolution was rejected—Convention
adjourned. *
Funeral Obsequies of Gen Rusk in Galveston —We
met.tinned a lew days ago, says me N. O. True Delta.
of the 12ih inet., that Saturday last was set apart in Galves
ton as a day of mourning in memory of the late Thos J.
Kusk, United States Senator fiom that Slate. A friend,
just returned from Texas, who was present on the occasion,
thus describes the scene:
“At an early hour the various military companies assem
bled, and forming a procession in cot junction with the civil
authorities, the tire companies and boat clubs, with a large
concourse of citizens ami strangers, took up a line ot march
through the city, and afterwards proceeded to the Metho
dist church, where an impressive eulogy on ihe life and
public services of the honored de.ad was delivered by Thos.
M Jack, K.-fj .Many of the public and private dwellings
were draped in mourning, the bells tolling and minute guns
tiring during the progress of the procession ; the flags of
the vessels together with those of ;he foreign consulates
and many private buildings and hotels, were banging at
halt niusi Taken togeiher, it was truly an impressive day.
Too much honor, however, could not be awarded to one
so universally loved in Texas as Thomas Jefferson Rusk.’”
Singului Coincidences. —Under this head the Augusta
(Me.) Ago has the following suggestive paragraph :
How happens it that our non-Episcopal religious con-
ventions, for the most part, keep even pace {pari passu ‘
with ihe “Republican” conventions I — resolving in lavor of
the Main law, when “Republicanism” resolves in lavor of
the Maine law declining to do so when “Republicans” de
cline to do so—exalting “ireedom” above “temperance,”
when “Republicanism” so exalts it- denouncing the Dred
Scott decision juel as “ Republicanism” denounces it—com
ing out with precisely the same set ot principles as “Repub
licanism” crimes out with, and changing them for anew
sot whenever “Republicanism” makes a change in its pro
gramme J Do these things occur by accident, or are they
the result of design ! They may, at all events, be regarded
as “singular coincides.”
Wholesale Arrest of Doctors.— The ludi-rna doctors
si# going to the dogs. Dr. Patterson of Carthage, Dr.
Rogers of Knightstown, Dr. Lewis Frazee, of Janesville ;
Dr. Robinson of Muncletown, and Perry Bennett, of St.
O ner, Indiana, have been arrested on charges of counter
feiting money. ‘They nave been committed for trial by a
Kush county judge. The Doctors in question have hirherto
moved in reputable society, and enjoyed the confidence of
their neighbors.
A Complete Democratic Victory. —Next winter,
says tho dnurna! of Commerce, since 1826 or 1828, a
Legislature containing a Democratic majority will as
s mhle at Frankfort, the capital ol Kentucky, Tile
Democrat*, have, since that date had the Governor and
hall the delegation in Coogress, but never the Legis
lature. The opposition had a permanent and enduring
ascendancy in that body that never oould be shaken in
Do feast. Hut now, with tile dawning of the new era
hat marks ill reaoti. n everywhere in favor of Drmoo
acy, Kr mucky whe. ■ valiantly into line ; god there
rhe will remain hereafter.
Number 34.