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TIMES & SENTINEL
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA.
TUESDAY MORNING, JAN. 26, 1858.
The Enquirer’* Question—Our Answer, Po
sition, die,
“Wedo not hesitate to say, that we think it a sufficient
cause to “dissolve the ties, which bind ns to the Union”
should Kansas be rejected under the pitiful plea set up by
the Black Republicans.— Times S? Scntintl, 16 Ik.
We think the above, is an evasion, rather than an answer
to our question substiiuting“Black Republicans” for ‘‘the
free white male inhabitants ” —the language of the Ne
braska-Kansas act. We have too much respect lor our
neighbors to suppose, they would intentionally evade an
an issue, by a shallow assumption of the terms.oi a propo*
sitioo; will they therefore answer the public, if they think
it a sufficient cause to “ dissolve the ties which bind us to
the Union ” should Congress refuse to admit Kansas against
the conseut of the “free white male inhabitants” oi the
territory, constitutionally expressed, and without iraud or
illegal prevention?— Enquirer, 19/6
We are surprised that our position in reference to all
matters connected with .Kansas is not understood. We
should feel mortified, indeed, in consideration of the gra
yity of the subject and its relation to Southern rights and
Southern interests, if what we have written were suscepti
ble of a doubtful interpretation. The Enquirer has not
done us full justice in acquitting us of an intention to
evade the ine, for we think we have shown not only a
disposition not to evade, bat an anxiety to meet the issue,
prompted, we are sure by no other motive than a desire to
convince our readers of the soundness and const itutiona!!
ty of our views-
To avoid a possibility of misapprehension, we will give
our understanding ol the question propounded by ourneigh
bor, and then our answer. When he speaks of the con
sent of “the free white male inhabitants” of the territory
constitutionally expressed, we suppose that he employs
the term “constitutionally” in a convertible sense with
“legally,” and means legally expressed, or expressed in
conformity to the manner and requisitions prescribed by
the sovereign authority in the territory, to-wit: the Con
vention of delegates chosen by,the people. Understood in
this sense, we respond to the interrogatory of the Enquirer
with an unqualified and emphatic nay. And we affirm
that nothing we have written will authorize a suspicion
that we have ever entertained a different opinion. We
claim and have ever professed to be a discip'e of that faith
which proclaims equality and the right of self govern
ment to everylmember of this confederacy. Collaterally le
lated hereto, a legitimate branch of the parent stock, is
the principle incorporated in the Nebraska-Kansas act,
that the people of a territory in framing a State constitu
tion preparatory to their admission into the Union, shall
have the right to decide upon the nature of their domestic
institutions, subject only to the restriction in the Constitu
tion of the United .‘States. An affirmative reply to ihe
question put by the Enquirer would involve in us a virtual
abandonment of this principle, and a reprobation of our
whole course upon this question. We shall rejoice to see
Kansas come into the Union as a slave State, but we do
not even desire this result in opposition to the consent or
wishes of her people “constitutionally expressed.” Such
an accession would be practically worthless to the South,
and the internal dissensions it would necessarily engender,
would cramp the energies and retard the growth of the
State itself.
Having thus answered the Enquirer’s question, we hope
to his satisfaction, upon the warrant of his example we
propose to address one to him. It shall be a practical
question—one which may come up for decision in a few
weeks. In this respect it differs much from the one pro
posed to us That includes a hypothesis of a fact which
does not, and in all probability will not, exist. If Kansas
makes application for admission into the Union with the
Lecompton constitution, she will do so not against but
with the consent of the “free white male inhabitants” con
stitutionally expressed, and without fraud or illegal pre
vention. Now we ask our cotemporary to answer this
plain question. If Congress shall refuse to receive Kan
sas applying for admission with the Lecompton constitu
tion, will he for that cause, advocate a dissolution of the
Union. We unhesitatingly declare that we will. That
is the Plank in the Georgia Platform on which we stand,
and where we intend to remain until the State of Geor
gia shall eat her words and degrade herself in the eyes of
the world, or, true to her plighted faith and her ancient
fame, shall summon us to anew position upon a platform
built exclusively of Southern timbers.
Th 9 President an the Neutrality Act.
For the purpose of enabling our readers to understand
thoroughly the respective positions of the combattants in
the controversy now waging in Congress, and to indicate
more clearv ti.e ground of our'dissent from the position
taken by the President, we insert in another column so
much of the Neutrality act of 1818, as may be applicable
to the question.
The President asserts that “had Comodore Paulding in
tercepted the Steamer Fashion, with General Walker and
his command on board, at any period before they entered
the port of San Juan de Nicaragua, and conducted them
back to Mobile, this would have prevented them from
“carrying on” the expedition, and have been not only a
justifiable, ‘but a praise worthy act.” The practical corol
lary from this position is, that the jurisdiction of the Uni
ted States is limited, not by the marine league from our
coast, but by the“marine league” from the coast of Eu
rope, Asia, Africa, South and Central America. Surely for
a construction so at war witn the law of nations, and with
the opinions andjpractice of the civilized world, we.should
demand the clearest aud most unequivocal authority. Up
on a calm review of the law whence the President derives
the power, we thiuk the position untenable. He says that
the “7th section alone the 6th in our version) which stmp
ly defines the crime and its punishment, would have been
inadequate to enforce our international duties. In order to
render the law effectual, it was necessary to prevent the
“carrying on” of such expeditions to their consummation,
at.er they had succeeded in leaving our shores.” This he
says“has been done by the authority given to the Presi
dent under the Bth section of the act to employ the land
and naval forces of the United States for the purpose of
preventing the ‘carrying on’ of any such expedition or en
terprise from the territories or jurisdiction of the United
States, against th 9 territory *or domain of any foreign
prince, &c. with which the United Slates may be at peace.”
Now, we admit, that taken in the connection in which it is
employed by the President,.and separated from phe previ
ouslpart of the section, the words ‘carrying on’ may bear
his interpretation. But when considered with the aid of
the context, that it means nothing more than the arming
or the fitting out.it seems to us, cannot admit of a doubt.
It is clear to our mind, that the latter .part of section
8, in which the words ‘carrying on’ are found, intends
to give authority to the President to act only in the cases
enumerated in the former part. This opinion derives con
firmation from two sources. First, from the fact that, in ,
the latter clause, granting pow-er to the President, fare in
cluded all cases enumerated m the former excepting “one;
and that one is the “fittingout,” “arming” and ‘setting on
foot” an of this, it has the “carrying
on” &e. Our readers will see this point clearly by read
ing section 8, and carefully comparing the two divisions
we have made of it. Second, from the fact that whenever
in said act mention is made, or reference had to the extent
of our jurisdiction, it is always to the marine league. Re
curring to the first point, we are to .conclude either tha t
Congress defined the offence of “fitting out, arming, 65c.”
and withheld the punishment, or that it employed “carry
ing on” and “fitting out” as convertible ideas. We pro
test therefore against such an innovation upon the law of
nations, and against the incorporation of such a doctrine in
the theory or practice of this govermen t.
Better Times Ahead.
From every quarter of the commercial world teem hope
ful tidings of better times. The catalogue of failures is
about ended. Asa necessary sequence from the disturb
ing causes with which confidence has been assailed, those
mercantile houses whose only foundation was credit, have
fallen. Their wrecks for a while blocked up the channels
of trade, but the resistless current of enterprise has lifted
them from their places and cleared away the obstructions.
Our great staple, which has so long writhed in the grasp
of this monster panic, is on its feet again aud rapidly ad
advancing to the point whence it was so suddenly and
causelessly hurled. The indications from which we make
these deductions are multiplying daily. Every steamer
from Europe is freighted? with the .intelligence of a reduc
tion of interest, an improvement in trade, and, as a conse
quence, an advance in cotton. In this country, the reaction
is correspondingly great. Our cotton mills, all over the
country, which, for want of means to purchase the law ma
terial, have lam idle tor three months, are resuming oper
tion, and the evidences of returning prosperity are discov
erable iu every branch of industry.
How could it be otherwise? Look what a plethora of
money there is, even now, in the great commercial centre
of the country. The New York hanks have within their
vaults at this time nearly thirty millions in specie, almost
treble their supply in ordinary times, With this amount of
money at that point, and with a partial restoration of con
fidence, it was impossible to keep down the “American
people” or the price of cotton.
One word just here, to our planting friends. The im
provement in price just noticed sttould induce the planter
to sell, at least so much of his cotton as will pay his debts
and relieve his merchant. The balance he might hold on
speculation; but he should recollect if his merchant is not
paid, be cannot pay and his credit is thereby injured. We
fear that this lact is ‘not sufficiently appreciated by the
planting community. We purchase Irom the merchant
during the year on a credit till the first of Jauuary. At j
that tuna In has contracted to make his payments. These
obligations are generally bought up by Southern banks or j
sent to them for collection. If they are not met, he is
protested and his credit is dishonored. This inflicts upon
him an irreparable wrong, and can only be avoided by the
course we have
The Northern Democrncy—.Position of the
Mouth.
The spirit exhibited by the American journals, but little
short of glorification, at the detection of Northern Demo
crats is hardly explicable upon any principles which do
credit to human nature. We cannot understand how the
desertion of those who have oattled for the constitution
and the Soutlfand their enlistment under a hostile flag can
excite in a Southern bosom a feeling ot exultation or even
satisfaction, “But, say our American friends, your position
involves a petitio principii. These men never battled for
the constitution and the South and therefore are not deser
ters.” The application of a little history to this reply,
will, we think, dem.nstrate its error. The national De
mocracy in their Cincinnati platlorm endorsed without
reservation, as their policy in relation to the government ol
the territories, the Nebraska Act, declaring thereby the
doctrine of uou-iuterlerence by Congress with the subject ot
slavery and the right of the people in forming a State Con
stitution to regulate their domestic institutions to suit them
selves. The Northern Democracy, to a man, signified
their adherence to the faith. Now, is not this the position
of the South ? lias it ever been here assailed ? Never,
Our American friends are committed to it by the most sol
emn act a party organization can perform. We are all
committed to it by a regard for truth and justice and be
cause of its conformity to the spirit of republican gov
ernment. Thus the northern Democracy were with us in
the declaration of the principle. The current of events
has brought about the time for its application to practice.
How stand they now ? Kansas is about to apply for ad
mission into the Union with a pro-slavery constitution,
framed in accordance with the organic law, expressing the
sovereign will of her people* What say our Northern
allies? Let her in. It is true and as mortifying as it is
true that one of the great apostles of the laith, seduced by
motives which we may not characterize, has left the ranks
and that a few others, following his lead, have abandoned
their ancient colors; but we believe that the great mass of
the Democratic party in Congress will stand firmly by
their principles and will illustrate their devotion to them
when the day of trial comes. One thing is very certain,
that, outside of that party, not a whisper from the North will
be heard in defence of our rights. What has become of
the American cohorts with whom the Southern Americans
affiliated and acted with in the last Presidential campaign?
“Gone glimmering,” not a vestige of them left—all array
ed under the black banner ot abolitionism. Should the
Northern democracy prove faithless to its principles and
pledges, as our American friends seem to think, if not de
sire, there will be no longer any hope for the South in the
Union. Parties will have to organize exclusively upon
sectional issues and it does not requite the enlightenment
ot prophecy to foretell the end of such a beginning. In
plain language, there will have to be necessarily a sacri
fice either of the Union of these States or of Southern hon
or We have chosen in advance our horn of this dilemma.
We will not allow any to go before us in their attachment
for the Union. Its mighty past, its glorious future awakeH
our reveren ee and our hope. But it is the union of our
fathers, of the constitution—the union that was forged in
the fires of the revolution, to which we owe and pay this
homage. It is that union to which the South is bound
and which she does not wish to give up. Often has she
signified her attachment for it. To defend its flag is eve*
the aspiration ot her generous youth. At home and in for
eigu lands she has fought for its glory and its honor and
the bones of her child >en are bleaching on the battle-sites
ofthe nation. She will never renounce her allegiance to
it so long as the sacred charter of her equality is preserved
inviolate. But i f , in ihe providence of the future, in the
mutations to which all human institutions are exposed,
misfortune should come upon her, if fanaticism uncheck
ed in its mad career should loosen the cords which hold
in their glittering courses the stars thatbestud our political
firmament, and send.them, sepprate, wandering orbs,wildly
shooting through the abyss ol anarchy and blood, she will
collect a few of their scattered rays, and here, ; n her na
tive sky, in the radiant heavens of our lovely south, re
construct a constellation that shall burn on undimmed by
the flow of time.
South Western Georgia—Emigration.
The emigration to this section of the State continues to
pour in and rapidly increase. It is known to be a rich,heal
thy and wealthy country, and since the railroads have
penetrated her vitals, and her produce finds a ready mar
ket and the inconveniencies of travel are in a great meas
ure overcome, it is increasing in pooulation and become g
an influential (portion of the Siate- The rich cotton
growing lands of Baker and adjoining counties attract
the farmer and lover of wealth from other and
more barren sections of the State, while the lawyer and
physician find it to their interest and convenience to follow
the tide of emigrration with a view of a competency and
support.
Among the'distinguished lawyers who have taken up
their abode in this section, we welcome with more than
ordinary pleasure Hon. A. H Chappell of Macon, and
Hon.! J. N. Ramsey, ; to homes in this city. They are
both known and favorably known to the people of Geor
gia, and more especially to the democratic parly, with
with which they have acted with honor to the State and
credit to themselves.
The good citizens of Albany may congratulate them
selves with the acquisition of so polite and worthy a gen
tleman to their society as the Hon. Edward Y. flill of
Troup. He was the whig candidate for Governor against
George W. Towns in 1848, and is well known as a law
yer of fine ability and accomplished manners.
We understand from reliable authority that ex-Governor
Johnson contemplates residing in the town of Cuthbert,
Randolph county. He will doubtless be welcomed by its
citizens and all those who appreciate refined and elegant
society.
Without disparagement to other sections of the State,
we may say that South Western Georgia is the land ot
emigration, wealth and prosperity. That she will continue
to be as long as such inducements are held out for emigra
tion we do not doubt. We only hope that she may con
inue to prosper and to flourish.
The Urmpbcll Mir.sSrels.
The Campbells performed last night to a large and high
ly delighted auditory—if we except one feature. The in
imitable Matt Peel was fully himsell—the music was fine,
and the humor and mirth uproarious While we com
mend all that is praise-worthy and willingly, most willing
ly, endorse the harmless programme of music, tun and
frolic, we most unequivocally coudemn all slurs upon sa
cred things and indelicate and improper innuendo’s. If the
Campbell’s desire to retain the patronage of the cultivated
and respectable classes of our community, they must cor
rect Jhis highly offensive feature to which we have allu
ded, They will perform again to-night.
. iXr. Morris’s Grammar Lecture.
We attended this gentleman’s lecture at Temperance
Hallon Tuesday night, of which notice was given in our
last issue. He seemed very expert in pointing out errors in
old systems, but said nothing of the merits of the newsy -
tern of which he claims authorship. We would have been
more gratitiedjiiad the gentleman given us an opportunity
of an insight to his remedies which are to supply the de
ficiencies and correct the errors of which he so much com
plained. This, however, he reserved for those who pay
him sixteen or twenty dollars for his lessons. If, as he
recommended, his lessons are so attractive, as that “no
rain, however hard, and no weather, however cold,” can
deter his classes from meeting, he offers, at least, an inter
teresting time, and, perhaps, a profitable one. We must
be candid, however, and say, we have but little confidence
in these “royal roads to learning ” We have not forgot
ton the “Singing Geographers,” and the patent “Mneu
monics,” with which we have occasionaily been visited
We hope Mr. Morris’s Grammar does not belong to the
same class of Progessives.
Visiting Cards.
Mr. Herny E. Buck has placed upon our table a speci
men of the above article which we pronounce elegant and
beautiful. The ladies of @ur city are invited to call, in the
evening’s at Messrs Pease h, Clark’s Book Store, and ex
amine his specimens. They will be on exhibition for a few
days only.
General Walker in Montgomery.
We learn from the Montgomery Confederator that the
Walker meeting held in that city on the night of the 18th
inst was immense and enthusiastic. Gen. Walker, in a
calm, clear, but energetic and forcible manoer. detailed
the history ot his wrongs, and wrung shout after shout of
sympathy and encouragement from the indignant freemen
ol Alabama. Mr. Yancey followed in an impassioned
and rousing appeal for justice to the “grey eyed man of
destiny.” In words of burning eloquence and with argu
ments of telling effect and directness, he held up to con
demnation and scorn the “monstrous crime” by which
General Walker had been abducted from Nicaragua.
Messrs. Watts, Clitherall, Judge, Clark, Smith of Lauder
dale,Hale and others responded briefly and spiritedly to ap
peals made upon them. Plain-spoken resolutions offered
by Judge Clitherall,denouncing the outrage, were adopted
—and the meeting dispersed with one common, prevalent
feeling of sympathy for the indomitable Walker and his
great cause.
The Freshet lit Flint RiVdf.
The recent rains have swollen this stream tO itn rt itaor
dinary height, greater, perhaps than it has reached since the
memorable freshet of 1841. Two of our fellow citizens.
Major Howard and George Hargraves, Esq. are sufferers
to some extent, by this freak of the water nymphs The
levee on each of their plantations gave way ‘none or two
places, and the water foand iu level over against the base
of the surrounding hills. We are gratified to know that,
excepting the damage to the levee, their loss is incousider -
able Even this wili shortly be repaired. If Flint river
knew the nil desperandum trait in the Majors character
as well as ourselves, it would be more modest and sta y at
home Such license cannot and will not be tolerated-
Congressional.
Washinoion, Jan. 19, 1858.
Congress adjourned to-day out ot respect to the memory
of Senator Rusk
In the Senate a Pacific Railway Bill was reported.
Washington, Jan. 21. — 1n the Senate, the .resolution to
present a medal to Comodore Paulding for capturing Gen.
Walker was discussed.
In the House the General Appropriation Bills were re
ported
From Kansas.
St. Louts, Jan. 21.—Free Soil despatches received at
this place say that the returns of the late election were
opened on the 13th inst. The Calhoun count on the Con*
Stimtion stood, for slavery 6063. without slavery 5076 votes
The last returns,however, had not been counted. The
Free State candidate for Governor had thus far received
6238, and the Democratic candidate 6530 votes. For con
gress Parrott, free soil, had received 6623, and Carr, dem
ocrat, 6568 votes General Calhoun had not closed the
counting,and would receive other returns.
It is also reported by the same freesoil despatches that
the Legislature would probably provide for another Con
stitutional Convention.
Kansas Elections.
St. Louis, Jan. 13. —The latest intelligence from Kansas
does not remove the doubts as to the result of the recent
elections iu that territory.
Extensive Bobbery—slo-000 Stolen.
Savannah, Jan. 18.—Two young men Irom North Car
olina, were robbed of ten thousand dollars, at Foriiandiua,
Fla., on Saturday night last. Nine thousand five biMidied
dollars ol the money was in bills on the Bank ol Wil
mington, N. C., and the balance in bills of Banks in South
Carolina. A reward of two thousand dollars is offered
for the thief and money.
That SB7 000.
It is said that a letter signed by a large number of Con
gressmen,has heen addressed to Messrs. Lawrence, Stone
&Cos ,of Boston, asking if the $87,000 disbursed by them
in securriog the passage of the last tariff bill was disposed
of in Congress, and if so, who received it. It is also repor
ted that in case the information is not furuished, these
gentlemen will be required to testify before a congressional
committee Mr. Lawrence is in Europe-
For Utah.
Washington, Jan. 21.—1 tis understood here that Gen.
Scott goes to California to organize a force lor Utah.
From Utah.
St. Louis, Jan. 19 1858.
Later Advices received at this city, state the Mormons
are not emigrating, but are organizing bands of Indians,
with white leaders to cut off the Spring supply trains.
From Havana.
New York, Jan. 19, 1858.
‘The steam ship Philadelphia, Capt. Griffin, has arrived
at this port from New Orleans via Havana. Advices re
ceived by her report that the Cubans are anxious to assis
Santa Anna in his restoration to the head of affairs in Mex
ico.
Ntw English Grammar.
We call the attention of our readers to the special notice
in another column, of the new system of English Grammar
teaching by Mr, Morris, from the Sumter Republican. ME
M. is now in our city, and will give a free lecture tonight
and to-morrow night at Temperance Hall. Go and hear
him.
Directors of the Bank of Commerce. —The following
gentlemen have been elected Directors of the Bank of
Commerce at Savannah:
G B Lamar, Charles Green, Wm. Rattersby, CAL La
mar, Joe Burke, John Stoddard.’* Wm Bailey.*
Messrs. O Cohent and Thomas Holcombe; declined a
re-election.
G B Lamar was re elected President.
•New directors-
Appointments by the Governor. —Rev Jesse H Camp
bell, of Spalding, Wrn, Edwards of Oglethorpe and Wlll
Johnson, of Floyd, Commissioners for the Deaf and Dumb
Asylum in the place of J H Lumpkin, H Fielder and P W
McDaniel who decline to act.
C %!” Our friend the Corner Stone is referred to the
reply of the Columbus Enquirer for an answer to his
question. He may have been in earnest in sending his que
ry “over the way,” but he was certainly jesting in address
ing it to us.
Senator Davis of Missisippi, it is stated, thinks the
Utah expedition extravagantly managed. Its cost, up to
the present time, is eight -millions, and the government
will incur the loss of animals on the Plains this winter of
a million and a half of dollars.
Cry The Central American emigration company has or
ganized in Washington City. A New York capitalist has
been chosen President. This is one of the fruits of the
Speech of Eli Thayer, who is active in furthering the ob*
ects of the Company.
fSK Exchange is abundant in Baltimore, on N, York,
Philadelphia and Boston, at from a half to one per cent,
premium. Gold commands a premium of one quarter to
one half per cent.
“In the Deep Bosom >of the Ocean Buried." —During
the year just past.no less than five hundred and fiity eight
vessels, bound to and from United States ports, were lost
at sea. Their value with that of cargoes lost is estimated
at seventeen million three hundred and sixty seven thou
sand one hundred dollars.
From Florida.—The Madison (Fla.) ’Messenger of the
9th instant, states that a letter had been received from Capt
Willard, in which he says it was’thought Capt. Cone and
his command were taken prisoners by the Indians, and
that a large force was preparing to go to the rescue.
Disability of Witnesses for Religious Belief. —A bill
has been reported in the Senate ot Pennsylvania, providing
that no person shall be held incompetent to give testimony
as a witness on account ol his religious belief, but evidence
thereof may be given as heretofore, to affect his credibility.
The greatest Failure yet. —A cotemporary considers
the present winter the most decided failure yet'recorded,—
There has been no winter yet but in name; and it is feared
that Boston and even the Canadas, will secure but a mea
gre supply of ice.
£ty Gov. Wise, of Virginia, it is said, is about to address
a letter to the people of that State, ir. vindication of his
position on the Kansas question, as defined in the celebra
ted letter to the Tammany Hall Sachems.
03“ There were seventy four suicides in the city of New
Y ork last ’year.
EW’ Necessity has no law, but an uncommon number of
lawyers.
monutnentin honor of Gen. Harrison is to be erec
ted in Ohio.
Buffon was a natural- Riverol said of
him. “He is the worst chapter of his lather’s Natural His
tory.”
Grand Lodge of Ancient Free Masons of South
Carolina. — At the annual communication of the
Most Worshipful Lodge of Ancient Free Masons of
South Carolina, held on Tuesday evening Ist inst.,
the following brethren wereelected Grand Officers
for the ensuing Masonic year:
M. VV. Bro. Henry Buist; of Charleston Grand
Master.
JR. W. Bro. B. Rush Campbell, ofjLaurens, De
puty Grand Master.
V. W. Bro. A. Ramsay, of Edgefield, Senior
Grand Warden.
V. W. Bro- H. VV. Schroder of Charleston Ju
nior Grand Warden.
M. Rev. Bro. Benj. Johnston, of Abbeville, Grand
Chaplain.
W. Bro. John H. Honour, of Charleston, Grand
Treasurer.
W. Bro. Albert G. Mackey, M. D., of Charles
ton, Grand Secretary.
Hall Committee. —Bros. H. Buist, A. G. Mac
key, John H. Honour, C. M. Furman, W. A.
Wilson, P. K. Coburn, E. Bull
Communicated.
Gov. Brown and his Bank Bill Ve’o.
EXCLUSIVE PRIVILEGES OP BANK-.
NO 11.
Messrs. Editors —ln my former communication 1 in
cidentally alluded to the exclusive privileges conferred up
on banking corporations. One ofthe great charges pre
ferred against Gov. Brown by the advocates ot the bauits,
originating, I believe, with Mr Speaker Ward,is, that in
his veto message he attempted to array one class of citi
zens against the other. This charge is doubtless founded
upon that part of the message which dissects and expo.-es,
with surgical skill, the exclusive privileges conferred upon
bank corporators. It would have been more manly in the
advocates of banks, to have taken issue with the Governor
upon the iacts and arguments set forth in the message than
to have made the abortive attempt to excite prejudice
against him. The question is, do -the banks enjoy exclu
sive privileges? We emphatically answer, they do. ‘The
banks are permitted by law, without bond or security to
loan their credit, orin other words, their notes as money,
and to charge interest upon them.” So says Gov. Brown.
Who has the hardihood to deny it? Is this not an exclu
sive privilege? Bank advocates, in their zeal for their
pets or their masters, I do not know which, charge that
the same privilege is extended to individuals; that they are
prevented from its exercise only because their credit can
not force their bills into circulation. What an absurdity.—
Look at the statute book and you will find penalty heaped
upon penalty against the issue ■ and circulation of change
bills as money by private citizens. Bank .corporators en
joy the privilege ad libitum. Why this unjust discrimina
tion? Is an artificial person more valuable to the State
than a person born according to the order of nature, with
hands to work, soul to feel, and arms to defend his
country?
But this is not all. The banks are authorized by law to
issue three paper dollars as money, aud collect interest up
on them, at the rate of 7 per cent, per annum, for every
one dollar in specie in their vaults, and often, for every
dollar of capital stock paid in, which does not often re
main in their vaults longer than a good opportunity offers
to use it; while the citizen can only loan his specie for 7 per
cent, per annum. SosaysGov Biown. Who denies it?
Instead of being extravagant, this statement is remarka
ble for its moderation. It often happens that the ‘specie
paid into the vaults of the banks, as capital stock, is bor
rowed for the purpose of complying with the charter, and
is removed as soon as the banks commence operations
The history of banking in Georgia abounds in such in
stances. And yet these fraudulently organized banks issue
three dollars for one of capital stock “paid in,” and col
lect 21 percent-interest per annum, and sometimes tail to
redeem their circulation! Such things have been and may
be. Let the people watch.
Are these lacts or fabrications? If they are (acts, how
can an enumeration of them by the Governor be justly
characterized as an attempt to array one class of citizens
against another?
But to place Governor Brown’s motives above suspicion,
it is proper for us to state that this enumeration of special
privileges enjoyed by the Banks was a necessary chain
in the line of argument taken in the message 10 p'rove the
obligation of the banks “to furnish a paper currency, at
I all times sound and convertible into specie on demand,
without regard to the price the specie may cost them when
needed.” For this purpose the enumeration ofthe special
priv'leges enjoyed by the banks was germain; and indeed
proved beyond the shadow of a doubt the position of the
Governor. The special privileges enjoyed were the con
sideration received by the banks to furnish a redeemable
currency
The argument is all with the Governor. HU crushing
logic cannot be answered by argument; and hence this re
sort to vituperation. The people will see it, and feel it,
and reason upon it. We appeal to the future.
But while we agree that the Governor has the argument
in his favor; while we agree that the banks are under the
most imperious obligations, voluntarily assumed, “at all
times to furnish a paper currency convertible into specie
on demand;” we cannot accede to the proposition that the
State ought to hold them to their bargain at all times—
The State knew, when it chartered these banks and con
ferred these special and exclusive privileges upou them, in
derogation ol the rights ofthe people, that they could not
comply with their contract; that suspension was the law
of their bemg; that whenever there was a commercial pan
ic they would close their doors. VVe therefore regard all
laws against suspensions of banks as solemn farces, put
upon the statute books to befog and befool the people.—
Upon this point there can be no chance of dodging. One
dollar cannot pay three on demand. The paper circulated
in the United States is larger than the amount of gold and
silver in the country and cannot be redeemed by it. Laws
against suspension are no remedy for the evil. The axe
must be laid at the route of the tree. As long as banks
of issue and circulation are tolerated there will be
commercial panics and bank suspensions, aud all laws de
signed to prevent them will prove to be solemn farces or
dishonorable cheats. Such laws cannot be executed with
out inflicting incalculable injury upon the people.
K,-, PUBLIUS.
From the Columbus Enquirer.
Mobile and {Girard Rail Road.
Mr. Editor:—l find from your paper that “Jus
tice” is again out 011 me, with as lit lie prudence as
information’ Please copy the enclosed letter from
Judge Iverson, which shows that “Justice” has no
knowledge ot the true condition of the Mobile &
Girard Railroad or its claims upou the pubic lands.
He asserts many things, but knows nothing.
Washington, City, July 30th 1857.
Dear Sir:—l had an interview with Mr. Wilson
of the Land Gffice 10 day, in relation to the Mobile
& Girard Railroad. The result of the conference
is, that the Directors have the right to change the
location, and when fixed and the requisites ofthe
law complied with, the land will be withdrawn,
&.C.
It so happens, that the papers heretofore filed
and steps taken in relation to the land, were so in
complete as to amount to nothing at all, and do not
fix the line ofloeation. You will be at liberty, there
fore, to alter and fix the line, and take the land on
the new line to which you may be entitled under
the grant. Mr. Wilson has kindly promised to
make out for me a statement of what is necessary
to he done to secure the benefit of the grant, which
I will send you as soon as I receive it.
In the next effort to secure land, I trust all the
forms and regulations will be strictly complied with
so that there will be no difficulty of securing such
lands as we are entitled to. The location must be
made permanently and the route correctly traced
on a map (of linen paper) showing each Town
ship, Range and Section, through which it passes,
and how it cuts each Section. It will be necessary
in drawing up such a map, to have a map of Ala
bama with each Township, Range and Section,
and it ought to be done on a large scale. I saw one
in the office ofthe Mississippi & Missouri Railroad,
which was two feet wide and at least twelve feet
long, and most beautifully done. When the line
is thus located and mapped, the President and.En
gineermust make affidavit that such is the location,
&e. That map with the depositions must be filed
in the local Lind Offices on the route. However,
you will have all the particulars when I get Wil
son’s statement, xf-c. The right to the land takes
effect from the date ofthe location on the field, with
the stakes put down—no entry made afterwards
can effect the Company’s right. In the present
state of the case, should our line be changed, as
you propose, our Company would have preference
over the Savannah, Albany cf- Mobile Road.
Without expressing any opinion as to the propos
ed change, I take the liberty of suggesting that the
question should be determined as soon as possible,
and the final iocation made by an order of the
Board and the stakes put down.
I am, respectfully, your obedient servant,
’ ALFRED IVERSON.
To Col. John 11. Howard.
The date of this letter, and the facts it discloses,
prove “Justice,” with all his boasted information,
entirely misinformed and ignorant as to the facts.
Judge Iverson, ever vigilant to protect the interest
ofthe Road, has given information directly from
the Department at Washington, aud the Board is
now following his instructions to the letter, in ma
king this survey. Who is to be believed—“Jus.
tice,” with his array of errors, or Judge Iverson,
when in the Land Office at Washington, convers
ing with and receiving information from the Com
missioner himself? Judge Iverson, without giving
an opinion in favor of or against either route, states
that we should settle upon a route, and make a
survey according to instructions, which I received
a few days afterwards from him. Although the
Board is pledged not to use the money of present
Stockholders in the extension ofthe Road beyond
Union springs, still it would have been guilty of great
negligence and error, if it had not made a heavy
effort to make a survey and location upon the only
proper line, that the people upon that line should
be able to use the public lands to aid them in the
extension ofthe Road.
From this unnecessary controversy, it must be
seen clearly that “Justice” is wholly mistaken in the
facts which have controlled the action of the
Board; that the only practicable line is down the
Conecuh river ; that it is the only line which secures
to us the benefit of the public lands; and that noth
ing has been done upon this upper line to preclude
us from the enjoyment of the grant of lands to the
Mobile tj- Girard Railroad.
I atn now done with “Justice,” as I should be
be poorly empfoyed to continue a newspaper dis
cussion with a matt whose reckless assertions im
peach and defame the sacred principle over which
lie writes.
I am respectfully, tt-c.
JOHN H. HOWARD,
President Mobile and Girard Railroad.
Suicide of Ex-President Anson Jones.
The community of Houston was very greatly
shocked this morning by the report, which ran
through the streets that ex president Ati.-on Jones
had killed himself at the Old Capitol hotel last
night. He was found lying across his bed, this
morning, at half past 8 o’clock, with a discharged
pistol in his hand, and his tuains blown out. We
give all the particulars of this lamentable affair we
have been able t’o obtain.
Something more than a week ago, Dr. Jones
came down from his home in Washing’on county,
with a view of finding a residence in Houston or
Galveston, to which to remove his family. He
desired, he said, to spend the remainder ot his
days in more social life than was possible on his
farm, and also to give his children the opportunities
of a good education. He remained here a day,
and went down to Galveston, where he spent a
day or two, returning here last Tuesday morning,
when he took rooms at the old Capitol. He had
apparently been drinking peritaps more freely than
his wont, he was observed to be in low spirits.
A friend of his, Mr. W. D. Smith, observing this,
made it in his way to be with him as much as pos
sible while he might remain in the city.
The evening after his arrival, in conversation
with Mr. Smith, he made this remark: “I have
been having some very serious thoughts to day.
My publie career, you are aware began in ihis house,
and I have been thinking that perhaps it might
close here.” (This hotel building was while Hous
ton was the seat of government of tire Republic,
built and occupied as the capitol.) Mr. Smith
turned the conversation with some light remark.
Subsequently during the last two days, he talked, as
Mr. S. was with him, a good deal of his past life,
expressing a satisfaction with his public career,
andfnb.serving there was nothing in it lie would de
sire to change.
Yesterday he appeared to be almost entirely re
covered from his depression, and went out, calling
during the morning upon several of his friends in
this city. He spoke of leaving for home on this
morning's train, and appeared as cheerful as usual.
At night, Mr. Smith spent an hour or so with him
before bed time. During the time he was there,
Dr. Jones again alluded to the fact, that he had
began his public career in that house, and he might
yet close it there. The remark was received as
before, and little thought of it. When lie retired,
a negro, one of the servants of ihe house, was, at
his request, sent to his room to stay with him. The
negro says that, at about 12 or 1 o’clock, Dr. Jones
waked him up arid gave him some directions about
ihe room. At about 3 o’clock he awoke him again,
and sent him for a glass of spirits. The negro
was unable to get any. He then told him to leave
the room, as he didn’t want him any more, <This
was the last that was known ofhiin last night.
About the hour above mentioned Mr. Smith
went to call upon him, and finding the door lock
ed and getting no response, he had the door broken
open, where Dr. Jones was found as above des
cribed. No one had heard the report of the pistol
in the night, though persons were sleeping in rooms
near by. It is supposed that, brooding over some
troubles m a moment of depression, he lust control
of himself and committed the falal act.
Titus has fallen another great matt of Texas by
his own hand. We well remember a conversation
wi'h Dr. Jones soon alter the death of the lamen
ted Rusk upon that sad event. How little th n
did we imagine that, the next of the men whom
the Republic of Texas had delighted to honor, that
would go, would be Dr. Jones, anti that, 100, add
ing Ins name to the list of suicides, Coliinsworth,
Birdsall, Grayson and Rusk, had gone that way,
and Jones has now followed them. Peace to Ins
ashes.— Houston Telegraph 9th inst.
Virginia.
The Democratic members of the Virginia Legis
lature held a caucus on Monday night, presided
over by Mr. Ambler of Louisa, Mr. Stevens acting
as secretary. Mr. Cogbill of Amherst, stated that
the caucus was called to give an expression of ihe
opinion of the Democratic members of the Virgin,a
Legislature regarding the admission of Kansas into
the Union, and introduced a series of resolutions,
sustaining President Buchanan in itis position, an 1
denying the power of Congress “10 impose any
conditions upou a State admitted into the Union,
other than those imposed by the Constitution of
the United States.” One of the resolutions con
tained the following words: “And no man is au
thorized to speak in the name, or by the authority,
of that people, (people of Virginia,) who does not
sustain the President in that position.” A discus
sion of some length ensued, during which the mo
ver ofthe resolutions struck out the word* quoted
above. Resolutions embodying the same or nci
ples were introduced by Messrs. Floyd o: Wythe,
Beale of Westmorelend, and Massie ofßockhruige.
After a lung debate, Mr. Beale withdrew ins reso
lution, Mr. Cogbill accepted Mr. Floyd’s as a sub
stitute for his, and Mr. Floyd’s was voted down
Mr. Massie’s resolutions were then adopted, as fol
lows:
Resolved, That, in the opinion of the Democratic
members of tiie General Assembly of Virginia,
the conclusion to which the President of the Uni
ted States has arrived, as expressed in his recent
Message, in lavor oi the admission of Kansas into
the Union under the Lecompton constitution, is
just and right.
Resolved, That Congress has no right to look
further into the constitution submitted by the State
of Kansas, in its application to he admitted into
this Union, than to see that the said constitution is
Republican in its form.
Resolved, That it is due to the peace and har
mony of this Union, that Congress should speedily
admit Kansas as a State under the Lecompton cou
stiiution, without further conditions.
The resolutions were adopted with but two or
three dissenting voices; and about II o’clock the
caucus adjourned.
Mr. Toombs’ Position.
Quite a spicy debate sprang up in the Senate upon the
reception ol the President’s message in relation to Nica
raguan affairs, the arrest of Walker &e- Below will be
found a very meagre abstract ofthe remarks made by Sen
ator Toombs on that occasion. It is sufficient, however, t „
indicate his position, and just now, it is much more impor
tant to know what men are than what they say.
Mr. Toombs, (adm.) of Ga„ thought the mes
sage contained grave and important errors, and
entered ids dissent from them. The President
dared not defend, while he endeavored to palliate
this outrage to an American Senate. After exam
ining some ofthe grounds upon which that pallia
tion was attempted, he said the President assumed
a question now before the legal tribunals of the
country. He assumed that the neutrality iaws iiad
been violated, and it was his business to enforce
them. Mr. Toombs denied that there was any
proof that such was the case; but admitting, for the
sake of argument, that this were true, what right
has the President to use the army and na
vy all over the face of the earth? This was
the usurpation of authority, not only in violation
of law but in derogation of his oath office.—
He must get the authority of law to use any extra
Territorial jurisdiction whatever. He could com
mand no popular respect as a vindicator of the
ktws of his country unless he himself should obey
the laws. But in this case one law has been viola
ted for the purpose of vindicating another, Gov.
Kossuth was in the Senate chamber to show
himself years ago. That gentleman was driven
from power by Austria and Russia and came hi re
after “material aid” to replace himself. That
was just the case of Walker; and while one
was glorified the other was villified. As to the
letter of Paulding, the coarse brutaliiy of that cor
respondence must be admitted by every human be
ing. It not only totally unfitted him to he tire
commander of a ship, but even to be its cabin boy-
Gov. Runnel’s inaugural address goes directly
into the subject of our Federal relations, and re
views briefly and plainly the history of the slavery
issue. The Governor takes a decided stand against
the policy of Walker in Kansas, and sees in the
erection of that Territory into a free State the con
summation of the power of tiie North to manage
and control “a question which involves union or
dissolution, peace or war.” He fears the inade
quacy of constitutional restrictions and paper guar
anties to restrict the lust of an aggressive sectional
majority, and recommends that we should set out
house in order and make due preparation for the
crisis foreshadowed by passing events. A thorough
military organization is suggested.
From the Richmond Dispatch, Jart- 15.
Dinner to Gen. Walker.
A number of the prominent gentiemen of the
city having tendered a public dinner to Gun Wm.
Walker, it was accepted, am’ came off at ihe
American Hotel last night. Among the gentlemen
present we-e Hon. Jas. A. Seddon, Wm. A. Am
bler, Esq., Speaker oi the Senate ; O. M. Crutch
field. Esq., Speaker ofthe House Delegates; Mess.
Douglass, Claiborne, Den- ale, and others, of the
Senate, and Messrs. Seddon, Claybrook, Massie,
and others-
Alter and hour spent in conversation iu the
parlor, during which Gen. Walker was informed
ofthe destrue'ion effort Castillo by Col. Anderson,
tiie company repaired to lire supper room, where
a repast —never before surpassed for taste and ele
gance in this city—was prepared. The first table
was presided over by Wm. M. Ambler, Esq, sup
ported on his right by Gen. Walker, and on Ins
left bv R. A. Pryor, Esq., O. M. Crutchfield, E.-q
being at the sot. The supper being disposed ot,
Mr. Amblf.r rose and said:
Gentlemen, when the star under whose guidance
our race v, as led in its march from Jamestown to
the golden shores of California seemed to hover for
a moment over those eh res, those who watched it
with eagerness and anxiety to know which way it
would next turn, heard sounds which catne from
anot tier shore, telling of deeds of American valor—
telling us that a baud governed by the love o: tin
just and right and the trite—by the Anglo-Saxon
spirit sought to implant in far off lands what we
worship here. What breast was there that did not
beat quicker—what heart that did not rise in pride
when it heard of deeds of valor which rivalled
those recorded in the page of iiistory I Need I
say where those deeds were shown—where those
victors won ? 1 will give you an answer in the
seii'iment :
To the progress of free institutions and Win.
Walker.
Gen. Walker rose and said : It is difficult for me
to express the gratitude I feet at the least sign.of j
approval by tiie public men of Virginia, of the i
course pursued by the Americans in Nicaragua.— j
The sentiment I feel is that of a pupil, when lie re i
ceives the approbation of his teacher, for ’its from I
Virginia and her sons that I have learned till I know j
of political ethics, aud by her lessons I have dine 1
ted my course. Early taught to investigate the j
principled of political philosophy, I have thought 1
that! saw mure in the teachings other statesmen of j
the principles which guided her fathers. If I go;
back to tiie cradle of tiie race, to ihe men witn!
founded our institutic ns —w hich Virginia especially
has perfected—we find tiiem standing out boldly as
the advocates ot the principles of liberty, and law
in their most essential forms.
if there is one sentiment more than another
which lies at the basi- of the grandeur of cur race
it is that of respect to la w. Look at the revolutions
ofour racein earliest times, how contradistinguish
ed from ail other people! in other countries
they are marked by new principles of metaphysics
or philosophy; hut where you see the Anglo-
Norman or American struggling in the ranks of the
revolution, it is not for the overthrow, but for the
maintenance O’ law. VVe come from men who
never have been slaves, and who, to maintain
their freedom in the future have only to look to the
past. Whai said our ancestors, when on the plains 1
of Runnymede, they resisted the mailedculior.s ot
the English ? They said, “We are unwilling that
the laws of England shall not be maintained,” and
when in later years our more immediate ancestors
met their foe on a still grand r field, still they as
serted they had come forth to vindicate t .e laws
they had enjoyed in the past, and not to battle for
new principles. And 11 is, gentlemen, by Ihis
principle that the Americans in Nicaragua have
been guided, itis by this same deference to law,
by the assertion of no w ild scheme, but the main
tenance of law—long established, international law
—tnat we have endeavored to carry out tiie revo
lution inaugurated in Central America.
it is asserted that the Americans in Njr: ra-tua
have been lawless in their proceedings : but i chal
lenge the world to produce the first instance of de
viation from .right and justice in their career.—
When we left Han Francisco, was that illegal ?
W e sailed in broad day, with none to contradict it
or oppose us. Indeed so Jar from meeting with
opposition irom the government, we were aided
and assisted by its officers. They knew that we
left California tinder grants front authorities then
existing in Nicaragua. They themselves had seen
the title deeds given. They had seen lhat I rejec
ted the first contract front Don Castiglione. the
director of Nicaragua, because it was opposed to
the lett rof the law. The contract was to raise
three hundred men, for which I was to have a
Cols., commission, and the men to have land and
money. He sent it to San Francisco ; but it was
in opposition to the Federal law; I rejected it, and
required from him a grautof colonization. Months
elapsed ere the grant catne, but we did not sail ;
we had considered the matter, and determined to
be like Caesar’s wife, “above all supicion.” The
grant came, and it was only after it had been sub
mitted to the Federal authorities and approved,
that we left. (Applause.) We went to Nicaragua
and soon alter landing letters of naturalization were
issued to all.
In a few days it was proposed to us to assist
the Democrats who were struggling with the Le
gitimists for supremacy in the countiy. At rite
time the contract was first sent to me by Casiiglt
one, the Democrats possessed the entire State, ex
cept the city of Granada, but so much was lost iti
the negotiations, that the Democrats had begun to
lose ground and give way before their enemies.—
It was then they asked our assistance. It was
from them we had received kindness, and grati
tude prompted us to their rescue. I was offered
a Colonel’s command, hut a jealousy sprung up in
the breast of the commander-in-chief, who feared
that the Americans would rob him of the credit ot
the war. I went to the director, and telling him of
this, informed him that if our presence were to
prove a cause of dissension, we were ready to leave
the country and go elsewhere, for we had received
from the State of Honduras assurance simiitar to
those received trom Nicaragua.
The Director refused the proposition, and came
down to the port of Realijo on board the vessel which
contained us, and besought us not to leave the
country, telling us we were the only hope of Nicar
agua—indeed of Central America. We undertook
the campaign which ended in the capture ofthe
city of Granada. At the taking of the city the
Americans numbered one hundred, and the native
Democrats three hundred. When we entered it,
(Oct 1855) the native soldiers insisted on the right
to sack and pillage it, and it was then that the ex
istence of Granada was due to the Americans un
der my command. The town was deserted, the
men had fled, leaving their women and children,
and household goods with none to protect them but
those Americans who had been declared their bit
ter enemies. VVe saved them, giving victory to
the Democrats and safely to Legitimists. It was
after tills that both parties came forward aud hailed
us as their deliverers.
On the 23d October, the treaty was ratified, un
der which the provisional government of ltivas
was organised. By that treaty the rigiits of Amer
icans in Nicaragua were recognized by tiie Legiti
mists themselves, and we were on the soil by the
consent of ali parties. VVe were there by the
prayers and entreaties of both parties lor the pro
tection of buth. The treaty was mad between
General Corral and myself, and afterwards ratified
by the Democratic government at Leon. The con
cluding clause of the treaty made General Corral
and myself sponsors that President Rivas should
faithfully perform the duties of his offtee. Let us
see who violated the treaty. We had just kissed
the holy crucifix, and were hardly out of sight of
tiie house ofGod, when the very man who signed
violated it, by sending letters into Ilondtirasfaiid
other States ot Central America, inviting them to
come and expel the Americans from the country.
Three days had hardly -lapsed be:ore the let er*
were w ritten. The proof was plain. He did not
deny his guilt, and only asked for merev. Was
the exercise of mercy wise or just that I should
pardon the first offender, and that offender the verv
man who had segued the treaty. It would have
been the blindest folly, and whatever men may s v
against it, lean stand in tiie presence of Almighty
God, and say, I did my duty. (Applause.)
This act checked the Conspiracy in its first flush;
and it was not for six months that ihe conspirators
commenced their work. It was only alter the
United States government refused to recognize the
government of Rivas, that the Central American
States undertook to drive 11s out. Now who were
the aggressors m that war ? Soon after the gov
ernment of Rivas was inaugurated, at my instance
letters were sent to ihe Central American States,
telling them tiiat the Americans catne to Nicaragua
not for violence and bloodshed, hut for tiie regen
eration ol tiie land. They were entreated even
beyond the bounds of diplomacy to send ministers.
Unit they might satisfy themselves of tiie fact
They rejected these offers with scorn and dis
dain.
On the first of March, 1856, Costa Riea declared
war not aga.nst Nicaragua, but against the Ameri
cans within her borders, a portion, not the whole
of her population. , Jt was not a war in aceolsnc,
with the laws of civilized countries, but a aro f
extermination ; declaring that every prisoner akm
was to be shot. W” had entreated for pac
[ ihey dared and defied usto war. We should aVt ]
been unworthy of onr lathers if we had tsli.j, g
from it. (Continued applause.) The war
carried on with varied successes, and finally etn j
hv tiie interference ofan officer of the U. S. nay.
The allies had attempted to invest Rivas, but fou"d
it impossible, Irom Ihe urge fence required to
complisb it. They attacked us iu March ai.j
April, a:/d were repulsed. But iu the meantimi
negotiations had been going on between the ailfe.
ar.d the commander of the U. S. sloop-of-war Si
Maa s, in wit ch lie had undertaken to extort from
ms a promise t leave tiie country.
Capt. Davis came 10 Rivas, and alter unsuoess
full atn mptsto attain Ins object, declared his in
tention to lake possession of tiie sloop Granada,
which we would have to use in case we evacuated
Rivas. We expected to go in her to Reaiejo, and
there establish a basis for new operations, it was
then in an hour of need anti triai, that the Amer
ican commander laid a heavy hand upon us on our
own soil, with our flag flying above us. it was
inis act of war, upon the pan of the American
commander, that wp were forced to leave Nicara
gua ; an act utterly at variance wi ll the letter and
spit it of the laws of the U. States. Butin the mo
ment ofdepirture we were careful to maintain our
honor. Not even to him would we sacrifice that;
anti when we found v e should have to leave, it was
insisted that no terms would be made with him
unless he guaranteed the safety of our native ad
herents. (Applause,) Not only that we should
leave tiie country with our swords on, but that our
native ,friends should never suffer from their ene
mies. How have these promises been fulfilled l
j knew ad- (he time, that they could not be recog
nized by the United States Government; but I
thought that if it recognized the act of tin- officer
in seizing us on foreign soil, it could but accept the
1 terms made by him.
The terras have been violated. The natives we
I left in Rivas’ house have been treated as crime
| oals, aud set to work on the public roads. Ift:. .’
| had been no higher motive than gratitude to these
I friends, it was due to them we should return and
j release them. But there is a higher motive than
I gratitude. Twice have 1 sworn, on bended kn-t-,
10 support the iaws of Nicaragua ; and as long a,
| I have a brain to think aud an arm to strike, so long
: wilt is. iveto fulfill this oath. (Prolonged an
! planse.)
There are motives even stronger than these—
There were motives of affection. It is there that
many of our companions in arms sleep the sleep .:
death, and to tell tts that we had no right to retim:
aud protect their remains, was an invasion of rig fit
no man of t imnr could permit. (Applause). VV
returned to Nicaragua, as i conceive, in accordant
with la v, and There are none who can rise up and
accuse us with in justice. We fell Mobile with a
legal clearance.
We succeeded in landing and in regaining nesr
ly ail we had losl. In ten days we had gamed
me key to the country, and had hut to unlock the
dour and recover our rights. At this moment a
Captain in the Un*ted States Navy came forward
and tore us from the soil. We were brought off
I most insultingly, and the most contumelous ephi
thets applied to us. This may have been disas
trims in some respects—fortunate in others; for
the mailer has assumed a different phase. “Tis
true the question ha* been tin- of great importance
to the Smith, and much opposition has arisen from
the attempt to introduce southern institutions into
tiie tropics ; but questions have arisen which affect
every individual in ihe Union whether ot not we
came for the redemption of Nicaragua. . Questions
which affect every State, and first and foremost Vir
ginia, in her defence of constitution iihorty. Ques
tions which affect nut only tiie citizens ofthe United
States, but ali who hope to apply the great ideas
and great institutions oi this country. Therefore J
do not feel tiiat i am a eiitrinehing on the rights ot
American cit zens when I speak of the violation ot
onr rights by a.r United Sta es officer. The whole
world is interested iu seeing that these principles
are not violated. (Applause.)
The Constitu'iou has been violated by Commo
dore Paulding, in making war without consent ol
Congress. He has (interfered with the liberty oi
citizens in tiie enjoyment of their property ; subver
ted one of the fundamental principles. As long as
we had not violated its constitution, the Govern
ment ofthe United States had no right to follow us,
not even on the h:gh seas
In our course >.ve are justified by precedent in the
iiistory of Virginia. From the time of Sir Walter
Raleigh down to Sir John Randolph, have there not
been men whose lives are its exemplification: parties
larlv do we find it in the life of that renowned Captain
John Smith. Accordingly as we have a right to
call on you to assist by your moral influence, we
call upon you by the reverence and respect you
bear for the laws of your fathers, to aid us in car
rying these lawsintu tropical America.
There are those I know who assert that there
ts a different way to Americanize Central America
—a peaceful mode, and without the ad of those
h retufore most active in gaining tiiat object. But
it you will receive the experience of one who
knows the Central American race—has lived among
them, believe me when I say, that it is uttetly im
practicable. Y'ou cannot carry civilization by such
means. If is only by the sword that you can
hope to establish freedom, right, and justice, in
that unhappy country. Ttie peaceful coloniza
tion of the country by the pure white race has
been frequently attempted. Y'ou tnusi go with
something more than this, and itis for’thts belief
that we have been maligned and persecuted. It is
because we discard the theories of pbarisaical philan
thropists. It is because we say to tiie white race
you must go accompanied by the negro slave.—
(Loud and prolonged applause.) Itis this lhat
has caused us so much opposition. But they can
not impede us—they may pile difficulties moun
tain high—-pile Ossa upon Pelion—nothing can
tleti r us from pursuing ihe path we have marked.
Iu the language of a distinguished man of France,
“they may heap sarea-un upon sarcasm, eaiumnv
upon calumny, hut they cannot, reach the heigi t
of my disdain tor them.”
In conclusion, let me give ; Virginia—the pas;
is the best guarantee for what we may expect in
the future.
rite applause wit ch greeted the speaker, on h:s
conclusion, was furious, and lasted severM minims.
Hon. James A. Sedon, Chas. Irving, Esq:; Oscar
M. Crutchfield, R Ridgway, Esq , of the Whig,
Roger A. l’ryor of the South, and several other
gentlemen made speches in defence of Gen Walker
and in favor of his cause.
She Would Hide.
The Wheeling Intelligencer relates the following
amusing story : A conductor upon one of tiie rail
roads terminating here met with a hard customer
a lew days since, and Itis experience verified the
lints—
“ When a woman wills site wont,
And when she ont she dont.”
A fierce looking woman got on the train, about
ten miles out the road to come to this city. The
affable conductor saw nothing remarkable in this,
for fierce looking females frequently “get on trains,”
but both women and men, whether tierce looking
or not, are expected to pay their fare. The woman
in question fla ly refused to comply with the usual
demand while sht- expressed ier ability to “buy
the conductor and all the money he had stolen Irom
the company within the past year.” The conduc- ’
tor thought this was saying a good deal, but with
as tew words as possible (conductors are men of
tew words) he demanded, for toe third time “your
tare, ’ and then puffed the beil-rope to put tiie would
he dead head off. The train stopped and ttie wo
man was conducted out upon tiie |dalform, and
Iw/oi thence down tlte steps, out upon the track.
H lien the train essayed to proceed on its wav the
woman got aboard. Not wishing to put her otf
whiie the train was in motion, the conductor pulled
the rope again, and again site was deposited on
terra firms. When the train started she got on
hoard as before, and again the t. ain was stopped ami
the tenacious woman handed gen ly down. This
lime a brake-man remained outside to detain her,
thinking he could gain the train under way in ad
vance ofthe determined passenger. But he was
mistaken, ihe woman made the rear car almost
as soon as the breakman, and clinging to the rail
ing about the platform, managed to climb up and
was a passenger still iu spite of their efforts. The
train had now lost considerable time, and ratio r
titan lay himself liable to the charge ot brutalH
treating a woman, the conductor permitted this
remakable passenger to gain her point and retain
Iter seat to the end of her journey, when, strange to
say site payed her fare and marched off. VVe doubt
whether a parallel to this instance of determination
in a woman was ever recorded.
-HS” * ll sentencing a man to death,
added, “You will have the satisfaction of having
your case transferred to the tribunal of a higher,
and let me add, an abler judge.”