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M. BIiLiS Si 00., Proprietors. Volume XVIII. {'Oin! IUS, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 14, ISSS. To Advertisers. lie have a word to sav to our friends and pat ron* who address the public through our columns, and, especially to the patentees uutl vendor? of medicines 4V ohave receiveduum erous applications for this privilege, which we have felt it our duty to reject, front the laet, thu! the advertisement was expressed in language which- is oiijpusirc to pro priety and delicacy. We make it a rule not to in sert anything in the wav of an advertisement winch decency would not sanction in otureditorial columns. The propriety of this determination will be con ceded, when it id known that our paper ia a daily visitor to the parlor and fireyde of nearly every family iu -onr city, and to the homes of many re fined and modest people beyond those Limits. The idea that our poor thoughts are scanned by their fair inmates, we dearly cherish. It is one of the chief rewards and comforts of our toiL We shall b j parJcned, therefore, we trust, whenever we* re fuse them. When they may not be excjn tied by these considerations, we shall always be “thankful for small favors—larger ones in pro portion.” m Colusa bus guards. This gallaut company, Capt. Semmes, com mander. paraded on yesterday afternoon for tar gfet practice. The weather was iuclcment and their number was not so large as we are accustom ed to see in their ranks, hut the njarkmanship will make a favorable comparison with auy we havu yet heard of. Hcsidesthe averages reported be low, the shooting was remarkably line and the general average was, perhaps, superior to auy thingever before achieved, in that exercise, by the company. Lieut. Hodges was the successful con testant fur the prize—a massive aad beautiful gold pen and holder. The following are the three best averages of shots. Lieut. Hodges, I'%. Private,Sheppard 3%. A (iovirnor El, chd. Colcwbia, S.C., Dee. IJ. l’ue fonrth ballot J for the Uoverusbip was taken to-dny, throe Lav- j ing beeu had yesterday without, result, and was reported as follows: % ! W. H. Gist, ... si Jas. 11. Irby, * - - 78 urn . . . m Nccessary to cleet, - 80 It will be £u;u tbu? YV. U. Gist is aeeoruingly I elected Governor of South Carolina ter the next term of two Voiys, from D c.. 12th, Di6B.— Char . Courier. Choked Arrival of a Slaver,—The Sa vannah Republfcau of the 11th ifiat., says: “We j learn from pretty good authority, that a vessel j has at last snreeeefed in evading the vigilance of j our cruisers and laußinga cargo of slaves pon j the soil of the L uiied State-'. The vessel, we \ learn, is the schooner which onr in- [i formant states, arrived in St. Andrew’s Sound, j near Brunswick, Monday last, and landed a car- j goof Africans on*oue of the neighboring islands. I ( *equeutly s r nt up the Sa-tilfa on board oi’ a steam- \ = —— mn 1 I \ The FtramvjE Slave Law in Vermont.— J 1 The Legislature of Vermont, which adjourned a |, few days ago, had before it a bill, the practical i I though not the avowed effect of whicV ,|Fould be M to render the execution of the fugitive slave law j ] impossible in that State. This bm wa* enercrct- 1 * . ieally opposed as being unconstitutional, which j - ft* - Interesting to the Coffee Trade* —All the j rominent firm.- in the coffee t rude in New York I aau, in a response to representations from the trade in Baltimore, agreoAto allow no tare on Rio coffe sold by them on and after the Ist of Janu ary next, but to render bills to the purchasers at the gross weight per weigher’s return. MILLED GEYILLE CORRESPONDENCE. Milledgeville, Dec. 11th ISSS. In the Federal L'uiou of this morning under the head of bills on their passage in the Senate ap pears the following. The bill was taken up To open the Chattahooe&oe river 30 feet in the channel from its mouth to the mouth ot the t hes tatee river. Mr. Colquitt said he he hoped the bill would be laid on the tabic for the balance of the session.— lie was surprised that a bill aifeetiug so directly the interests of his constituency should have es caped the vigilance of his colleagues iu the other branch of the General Assembly, ft cleared out lor the passage offish one-third of the channel of the Chattahoochee river from the Florida line to the Chestatee iu Ilali county. It would destroy the water power <ff the city of Columbus. It would interfere with vested rights and was a most iniquitous bill. - The bill was laid on the table for the balance of the session. I am informed by one of my colleagues, Mr How ard, that he was not present in the House at the time of the passage of this bill, and also that Mr. Mott was under the impression, that all obstruc tions were to be removed from the river commenc ing ut West Point instead of the Florida lino. 1 say this much injustice to those gentlemen, whose fidelity to the interests of a common constituency I shall be tuc last to question. PEYTON 11. COLQUITT. IVASHIN GTO-N COR RES PON DEN CE. Washington Litv, f Dec. bin. l£>sS. j GcniUm o': 1 take the liberty of enclosing an interesting article upon Texas, which I thiuk weald be acceptable to y our readers. I cannot say that there is anything now here. The,- mess age dues nut give universal satisfaction to the Southern Democrats- -M. ioy of them object to “the specific duties", recommendation, and some to the Mexican policy of taking armed occupation I of Chihuahua and X doubt whether Mr. | Buchanan bus strengthened his administration by the message. It is undisguised!}’ announced hare by Cobb aad bis friends, that war to the knife is to be waged against Douglas in the South as well as North. To this I should not seriously object, fit were not coupled with the understanding that the war is for the benefit of Mr. Cobb. If be can become the main instrument in breaking down Douglas, then be is to receive the renown of the conqueror in a Presidential nomination at Charleston. This movement, if persisted in, must create division among the Democratic party at the South, as it is evident that Douglas has many warm friends even in Georgia, and however unac ceptable he may be to the largo mass of tbo De mocracy of the South, it cannot be disguised that Cobb is scarcely less so. If Douglas is to be ostracised at the South, and I think he ought to be, Cobb is not the man to rise upon bis ruins. His ultra “I T nion” proclivities, and bis unweary ing courtship of Northern favor and support, would make him tbe weakest of all candidates in the ranksof the State Hights Democracy of bis t own section, and give an easy victory tosiiiv repu table Southern candidate of the American party. Lot ail true Southern Democrats keep aloof trorn this internecine war of two rival and vindictive champions who have only their own selfish ends in view, and neither of whom have sufiioient merits or claim* or hold upon popular sentiment ‘ S ‘** “ j o justify a division of our ranks and an angry contest. Tbe speech of Judge .Jackin at Mii- Icdgev !<*, during the present session, was the commencement of the war of Cpbb upon Douglas in Georgia. Jackson is the relation of the former, and-doubtless speaks his sentiment* and wishes. I have neither political faith in or partiality for the -little giant” and l am decidedly opposed to hi* nomination as the Dorn. r;i tic candidate for the Presidency at the next electiou. I consider the South entitled to the candidate, and there are many men of eminent talents and sound political i views ami character who would combine elements ot strength an'd success, far superior to either of the parties above named—such i- Hunter, of Va., Pearce, of Maryland, Brcckenridge of Ky.. and if we have to travel out of the slave state* for a champion, Hen. Jo. Lane, “the Marion of the Mexican war,’ would bear our standard a* proudly i and As bravely and I hope and believe as tri umphantly, as he did the glorious banner of our many a hard fought field of Mexico. He is irPoutffern man by birth, education and sympathy, he is sound in politics and in judgment; he is “honest, capable and faithful to the consti tution —and would arouse an enthusiasm in his behalf amongst” the masses of every section of the Union which would sweep every thing before it. More anon. Yours, Jkc. f A SOUTHERN DEMOCRAT. Washington, Dec. 10, 1853. The recent movement, in yotir State Senate, ! growing out of a decision of the Supremo j of Georgia has risen to the rank of a national ques- j tion, and the able speech of your Senator on the occasion, will hereafter find a place among our national annals ; “obsta principiis” is a safe rules md never more applicable than when our judi ciary is to bo assailed because its action does not harmonise wi;h the ephemeral tone of popular caprice. The urn and the shell arc only wanting t > make the system complete, if ostracism is to be ■ the test of the integrity of our J udieiury. 13 at I < niy j j wish to say that the action ofyour Senate on the mat j ! ter is the subject of general approval and eongrat* i illation, not’ouly in the Federal Metropolis, but by j J the Press of the county so tar as I have seen. I ! enclose you a paragraph from the Journal of : Commerce, copied tins evening into the Natiouul ! J Intelligencer. Your 6eu*tor (Iverson) has already made a | good movement towards retrenchment by a uu - [ uorf ofVhibb lie has given notice to the Senate f relative to the abolition of the Franking prev*.- I oge. This is the great monster abuse of the day. ; Ine impeachment of Judge Watrous oi Texas is j ! tin*only matter of any importance yet up in the j ! House. A trial it ia believed will be ordered wih j I what resulr no one can predict.— S/arte vir tutc ! j From the New York Day Book, Dec. 4. Progress and ResourffN. In answer to inquiries as to the ability of tbe State of Texas to ttaii.dy laud ciium* donated by | her for railroad purposes/ cow due and to become { due, I herewith present such information a* I ! I gather from my ndte* and other evidences at hand, j 1 mostly taken from, ofiioiai and statistical record*. | Other and general information here giv’en being j 1 the result of my personal observations, made j 1 while traveling over the State lor several cousec- j ‘ utive years to the present season. No one fainil- j > mr wun the -übjeet will presume <o controvert the ‘ 1 siatemeut. me area “t tne m it* u .. | • ted liv uiont frcogrtiphfr? to eontain 257.504 3( ( ure | ] .ultra'. The Cwtumissioner of the General Land Offline : of the State, iu Ilia olficial Report dated Mevem- i’ her lit. 18A7. gives the area at 27f,3365j square | miles, or 17>,594,560 acres. This estimate is j * probably accurate, aa tin* calculations are made j ! from actual survey* returned to his olliee. 01 the j { various claims of land grants and claims w hich have been sjUisfietl from ‘this vast lemtuy, are j ’ rt„)sc originating under the Governments of Spain. ! Mexieo, and the State of Coahttila and Texan, the ] ‘ itepublie of Texas, and the State of Texas. — : ‘ These from ispniu. Mexieo, C'oahuila and t :Na.- ! being originally written and recorded in the Span- j ‘ ish language, are usually called Spanish grants, j tit these thero have Been titled 22,05f.f Sf acres. The titles to about 1.2U0 leagues or 0,M3,600 acres have been declared void by the Constitution j and courts as having been fraudulently issued, lcav ; iug 17.270,384’ acres of valid Spanish grants. There have been other grants and claims con- j firmed by the State Legislature amounting to j .1,741.241 acres. _ Claims originating under tlio Republic and State of Texas, amount in the aggregate to 47,- 7SS 449 acres, and may be divided as follows : irstand Second Ola;". Reported Recommended and FContiniiedby the Courts, amount to 30,471,010 acres. Ctuims issued under special acts 1,310,411 Bounty and donation lands -‘ l -V s -yO’-- Land Script ; • .*,<*4.^o6 Colony Companies, viz ; Fishers and I Miller’s Colony 1,735,206 acres; Mer- I r's Coionv 811.720 acres ; Peter's j 4,05. . 9W Colony 2.111,040 acres, equal to J University and whool lauds ~...2.275,992 • Special grants to seminaries 12 Deaf and dnnlh, lunatic, blind and or- I asylums 400,000 i're-empiion rlaims reported * J 3s.2tw Settlers’ claims within Miss, reserve... •fO.arivl Claim* of railroads filed 51 A, 000 Patented lo the National R. R 27,1U> To which add the amount confirmed by Act of 1854 “ Moking total amount returned for patentol,s*2o.6oo Add to this the amount covered by valid Span isil Grants and we have 68.860.071 acres already appropriated from tbe gross amount. And leav ing 10(1,795,986 acres as Public Domain yet to be absorbed by railroad and other enterprises. The State of Texas has granted 44 charters to railroad companies, of which 17 have been forfeited, leaving 26 charters still in force. Os these there are 11 iu progress of construction, to wit: Houston and Tr’xas Central R. R when cumplt ted win be about • ■ „ _ fifj liuifuo B.i>ou. Brazos and (’oiomtlo R. R Gaivestt'P H*'ust>ii and Henderson R. R II uston Tap H U *• * .1 Jlous. ui Tap and Brazoria R- R 5 .n \:;t ‘ ia amt Mcxi. an Gulf P.. R J&j Mexi itu Giiifand Henderoou R, U. W.ishimrt’ i) Colli ty K. K ••V” v 6 ,bi e tiul Ga.vestoii Bay R. R and Lumber Memphis*ei Paso and Pacific R. R-- to c*nrifcct wi ll S. P. K U M iking their aggregate length when completed J .About” , Some of the railroads whose charters are sun j i„ force run nearly parallel and so near other* al- j rondy in progress of contraction, that their neces sity is obviated for the present, and will no doulfi ne abaudonod for some time to come or until the •■rowth of the country demands them. Os tbetx the LaSalle and El Paso Railroad will be obvia- I ted by the construction of the San Antonio and 1 Mexican Gulf Railroad and its connections Lht I Texas and La. Railroad by the Southern Pacific Railroad—-the Sabine and liio Grande Railroad, i>y tbe Sabina and Galveston Ray Railroad am. Lumber Cos., and its connections—the Powder Horn. Victoria and Gonzales Railroad, by the San Antonio and Mexican Gulf Railroad, making live roads whose aggregate length is about 1.. on miles, “ hat will must likely be abandoned for tbe reason assigned. Os the remaining charters in torce no efforts are bein* made to prosecute their work so far as 1 am advised, and I am ot the opinion, from their localities, that the public do not require them to he built s-d capitalists in this age ol railroad ex perience are too tenacious of their means to raves ivaea the probabilities of remunerationarc agam.-L them. If, however, they should be built in the comae ..f time, their aggregate length would be about 98E miles. Those in actual progress o. construction, will, when completed, answer all tbe wants of tire country for many .years to <mule. From tko above ealulation, it will be seen that the railroads now being constructed will bo afoot •> “>2B miles in the aggregate, and the roads w hich will probably not be built would amount to about •> 738 miles, making in ail about 4.501 utiles it all were completed whoso charters are ip torce. sup posing the full amount of 4.961 miles were to be built bevond a doubt, and tbe liberal donation of 16 sections per mile granted by the Stateahou i. be required, the appropriation would absorb i V 376 sections, or 50,860,640 acres. Add to this tiß 800,574 aeree, less 512,000 acres included in the classification of claims returned for patent.and we have 119, 0ey,214 acres to satisfy every valid claim against the public domain. It has-been supposed by persons not acquainted with th gtttt of T* h*t a l*rg* THE HXIOS OF THE STATES, AND THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATES. | her territory is a desert or barren plain, unfit fin j cultivation, and that a considerable portion of th-. j lands which would inure to railroad companies, j is worthless. This idea Lanot well foun* led, and only provoke* a smile from one who is familial with the State; for it a well established foot thu* there is not. to be found within the limits of the United States an urea of equal extent with Texa.~ where the soil is so universally good. These ap prehensions arise mainly from the fact that. the n is a large scope ot’ country about three hundre.: miles iu lengttofrom North to South, and an average width of 90 miles,known as tbo Llano Es lac ado or Staked Plain. This section of the country lies iu the Northwestern part of the State aud embraces about 27,0) square miles, and be ing mostly destitute of timber and water i/ sup posed to be of no value for agricultural purposes, although it produces a good coat of gras*, and water is found iu some places. The govern moot of the United States has made attempts to pro cure water on the Llano Estacado by Artesian wells, but whether the experiment will succeed is still in doubt, although geologists and others con fidently believe an abundant supply of water will be obtained. Should this be the result, the Sta ked Plain will be profitably occupied as a grazing country for extensive herds of cattle. Rut allowing4be Llano Estacado to be a sterile waste, and entirely useless, it would only reduce about 10 per cent, of the whole territory, or about 27,000,000 acres, wheu added to the 119,089,214 acres admitted as valid claims to be satisfied, and we will still have left 29,505,34 C acres of produc tive soil belonging to the State. I have suggested that of the 4,961 miles of rail roads whose charters are in force, 2, 7J8 mile* will / not be built. I think the estimate fair, and the friends of the roads thu* excepted would not be slow to concede the point. Should this calcula tion prove correct, there* would be 43*808 sections, or 28,037 120 acres to be added to the 29,505,346, * which would sw T ell tiie amount of Public Domain ‘to 57,542.466 acres. Thus, aftc*r deducting every j valid claim of all classes of titles, whether em ana j ting from Spain, Mexico, Gothuila and Texas, the Republic or State: and all claim? for railroad pur- I poses likely to ace rue for many years, and the j large allowance for waste land, wc find the vast amount of over 57.000,000 acres of productive soil belonging to the State of Texas subject to further enterprises. The resources of Texas are not well understood by persons whose interests have not led them to j inquire, and especially in the northern State*, ex cept to a few enterprising merchants in the com j lncrciai cities of New York and Boston. Her soil > and climate are diversified, producing almost ev ery variety of grain, fruit and vegetable grown 1 | North aiur South—all the cereal grains, the or- i ! ange, almond, banana, fig, apple, pear, Ate. Asa ! wheat producing country she has no superior oast ! of California, the average yield being about 25 ! and often 40 bushels per in re, weighing fv* in 65 to 70 pounds per bushel. I have Seen while j u*s i iug in the northern counties—Collin. Grayson anil Fanuiu, whola crops of wheat that I wu* in formed would weigh 72 pounds to tbe bushel, and I huve no reason to doubt it. The average yield of moat wheat growing States of the Nonh is about 15 to 18 bushels per acre, and the Jtafeud&rd weight of GU pounds is uot generally attained, while the soil of Texas will produce one-thfrd more petnerfc, and hold* at least 15 per cent, ad vantage in weight. Northern Texas i* well adap ted for raising wheat, and harvesting is done m May, and the day is near at hand when she will export flour of superior quality much earlier than 1 other States Asa grazing country she ranks among the first. It has been ascertained that the cost raising a cow three years old, is 80 dollar* in New York and New England, aud in the Wes tern States, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Ac., it costs to raise u three year old bullock about 15 dollars, whjyUs in Texas the actual cost of rais ing a throe year old steer to the large stock raiser will not exceed fifty cent*. Sheep thrive remark ably well, and wool-growing will soon be one of the great staples of Texas, She is already one of the principal cotton growing States, ami is be ginning to attract the attention of the whole com mercial and manufacturing world interested in that important staple. She is a part of the great when her Syrian of railroads is earner ifir, wnl ; be the distributing Depot for the product* of all | countries that pass over our Continent. And j resting as she does, several hundred mile* on the Gulf of Mexico, railroads must and will be reliev ed of their heavy burden* by their seeking ma rine transportation at her seaports —whether they consist of the rich product* of China or the heavy ( metals from the mines of Mexico. And here l will add that sooner or later the seaport? of Texas will receive the products of northern Mexico for j distribution ; for wc have practical evidence that , even now without railroads but with pack mules, .. the article of lead can be delivered from the mjnes j of northern Mexico through Monterey at Corpus [ Christi on the coast of Texas at less than two j cents per pound freight. The lumber from her vast pineries in the East will afford profitable cm ‘ plovment for railroads in carrying it to supply the j demands in the West; and her grain growing j North will send it3 products to the coast and re- ■ eeive in exchange the sugar from her own soil. Texas is in her infancy, but she is growing in moral, physical aud political strength, and will soon stand a giant State in the South. Her popu- j lation is rapidly increasing, and the inhabitant* | alive to the importance of early development of j her resources, and ere long her infnence will be felt in every department of agriculture, manu factures and mechanics; and although she was conceived in anarchy and born in a rebellious struggle for Political Freedom, her moral and in tellectual powers arc subjects of admiration. So will she continue under her present liberal views of education. Her educational fund is $2,000,- 000. 3,000,000 acres of land, and ten per cent, of the revenue of the State. The last Legislature made a liberal appropriation for the endowment pi a State University of the first class* and if I am informed aright, this Institution will bean im provement if possible upon the model schools of learning in both the Old and New World. The design is to present her youths with a finished education , aud during the Lecture season Ameri can scholars of every class—Lawyer*/ Doctors and Divines, Poets and Painters, Orators aud Statesmen, manufacturers, tradesmen and mo’chan ios. will have free access to her Libraries, and without expense share alike the knowledge ac- j quired under her hospitable dome. That Texas will be a manufacturing State is certain, for she i pregnant with materia! tor manufacturing purposes; such a* cotton, wool, hide*, ccal, iron, lead, &c., with unlimited water power to propel machinery. The climate will al low of white labor, and I think I may venture the assertion that in a few years San Antonio. Gauda loupe, Blanco and Ban Marcos rivers, will drive machinery rivaling the* spindles of New England an l w hy ? Because the manufacturing capital ist will discover that Texas will be a mere profit able theatre for bis operations. It costs less to live.and operatives of the North will seek employ- I ment where their labor is barer remunerated, and j where they < an enjoy tbe advantage of a mod am. : healthy climate, and where they can ocu py a l ‘jciaJ position equal with the mere bast pnmt f i ; I sovereign planter. In Texas the laborer i* w t rtl y | of his Lire, and in social portion h* stands upon j his moral worth, and is not a menial like ms t ms?, j ! , r hired “help” in Massacfi.usetle. >'< ir ■}* lj; * u *’ oauper in the State. The luxuries o. he are u hia command —wild game of ail kinds m abun laucc; the brook trout in her mountain streams, aid < VBt< rs in her hays equal in quantity to the best Saddle Rock oysteru. New York, ‘1 uej/raj'e ■ rows spontaneously, anil a superior quantity ot vviiic may bo ltad fur tbe simple „eo*t ol matiu acturing. Though Texas is an infant State she possesses he element* to sustain an Empire—rayyshe is an ! Empire of herself. She has capacity to yield in or bales of cotton than is now produced*™ all tlic cotton-growing States of tho Union, .ae can supply the whole South with first quality oi flour 000 month earlier than any other gram prodm iutz section. Her natural pastures are extensive enough to supply the inhabitants ol every city in the United States with superior quality ol bed at an actual cost of raisins lea. than one cent per pound. Her streams can farmsh water power tor ail kinds of hydraulic purposes to an indefinite cx tent Her thousands of bills and fertile vafleys arc covered with herds of horses, cattle and sheep while the herdsman surveys his fleck gracing, with joy and satisfaction. Her mountains, hills, valleys', plains ami streams, for landscape scenery surpassingly picturesque and bcantitid—and the traveler, while pursuing his journey trom bill to bill or mountain to mountain, is enaJtan.ed wtth tho over changing soeue, as a child with the trans posing powers of the II is announcedTfor the Fvncfit of those persons who did uot get a sight of the comet,that it will again appear before tbe puohe,, for a ... nights only, iu the autumn of the y eat -14,. i'ront seats reserved for old bachelors. r#rWhile Prince Alfred was asleep ra his hoard tho Eurvata?, two of his brother middies blacked hislcc. He made no complara. about tho ioke. but tho nest morning be got square on tho offenders, by cutting theirhaur mock strings. *nd letting them down on the mn, COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, MONDAY, DECEMBER 20 1858 COLUMBUS* WEDNESDAY. DECEMBER 15, ls5S. Major Howard's Letter, We publish below a letter ‘front Major Howard Deu jl.erty. E??q., in denial of certain charge? preferred by the latter, against Judge Refining, in a eommimieatiou lately addressed to ihe public. Aside from the character of the wri ter. hi* presence iu Milledgeville, at the time the tacts in controversy occurred, aud the opportunity for correct information in respect thereto, which uis relation .to the canvass afforded, entitle his statements to implicit credence. Columbus. Dee. 14th FBSB. William Dougherty, Esq : * I noticed fo-dav, irf your address to the public, that among other charges, you charge Judge Beiming with living promised not to preside in rbe Dank cases, if elected. It is not tny privilege to pas? an opinion fipon the decision so much complained of. whether it he right or wrong. Nor will I enquire into the motives of the Judges— that is left to you and -the public. My knowl edge extends only to a fact about which you are mistaken: for from my personal connection with the canvass for Judge of the Supreme Court, I do know, that Judge Bcnning, fipon hearing the rejM>rt that he would not preside in tbe eveut of his election, in the bank cases, rebuked the state ment, and called upon gentlemen to correct it.— lie stated, with great solicitude to bo understood, that in all cases where he had been employed as counsel he would not preside, but stated distinctly that in ail other cases, referring to the Bank ca ses, he Rut himself bound to preside. One of the occasions of the statement of this determination, wus in McComb’s piazza, before a number of gen- j j tlemen. I believe further, that notwithstanding i the statement, which you say was made by the .Senator and Represent utive from Muscogee, of I which I know nothing, still, Judge Henning's po sition was generally understood, as ho took pains 110 undeceive ali who were under a different im j pression. Ido not make this statement at the re quest of Judge Banning, hut as a voluntary ti i i bate to justice and to truth. Rcspeetftilly, J. 11. HOWARD. Ifi ft Eli. The Act in relation to the Supreme Court,upon which we lately commented, provides that alide- ! cirions which have been heretofore made by a I full bench—all three of the Judges concurring, shall bo the law of the land. Now, suppose that a decision, pronounced by all the Judges, has be* n J overruled in the same manner, “what’s the law?” I Wc presume 4kom the reversal-phobia of width I the Legislature exhibited such distressing symp- j toms, that if that body could sit in judgment on the question, they wuukl decide in favor of • i the former authority; but a Court, in order to es- ! fectuate the clearly expressed intention of tho law-making power, has no authority to make an , election between them, and must give equal force and effect to both. It’ the former docisiou estab lished the right of the plaintiff to a recovery, the latter guarantees the same right to the defendant, and from this dilemma neither ancient nor mod ern jurisprudence pres nt any possible means of escape but through a “trial by combat”—the par ties must Jlrjht it out. Perhaps the champions of the bill can enlighten us upon this subject.— M e are compelled to make the mortifying a.l ----“• ** is vuisr an v legal surger.v ! ifEAtn OF OITTEF .IrSTIf e Nash.—lt is with | the deepest regret, says the Ruhngh, North Caro lina. Standard, that we auuounce the death of the vciH*ruble aud beloved Chief Justice of this State, Frederick Nash, who died at his. residence, in Hillsborough, on Saturday last, in the 77th year lof his age. He was the son of Abner Nash, G<>v ! ernor of the fctato of North Carolina in 1799, and J was a nephew of General Francis Nash, who fell mortally wounded while fighting tor his country [attho battle of Brandywine, Judge Nash was i born in Newborn in 171. and was consequently iin his 77th year. He represented that borough in j the House of ('ominous iu 1804 aud 1805. In 18.18 he was elected aJudgeof the Superior Court | which he resigned in 1819. in 1-7 and ’2B, he | represented Hillsborough iu the House of Com jmo us. In 1836 he was again ciected.a Judge of j the Superior Court, from which in 1814 he v. as transferred to the Supreme Court Bench, which dignified posit ion ho has sin. os ciq i witu credit to himself aud satisfaction . • the State. Senator Douglas Removed from the‘Com mittee on Territories. —Iu a Democratic Sena torial caucus Thursday night, Senator Douglas was stricken from the Chairmanship of tho Com mittee on Territories, and Senater Greeu, of Mis souri, chosen in bis place. The vote stood 17 lor Green, and 7 for Douglas. The seven were Messrs. Drown, Clingman, Shields. Bigler, Hunter, Green | and Thompson, of New Jersey. On the last vote only four were for Douglas. The President, it is stated, was opposed to this step, and it was also denounced by Brown 01 Mississippi, aud Ligler of Pennsylvania. So says a Richmond paper, Visits of officials from Japaf.—lt is stated that President has received information from Ja pan tiiat a full embassy from that country will make its appearance in Washington some time in May or Juno next. They will be brought to Pa nama in an American steam frigate, and thence proceed to New Turk. It ‘'ill bo marked by snlendid presents to tho government from the Ja panese Kuiptror. Tut: Island of Navaza.— The London Times of the 17th ult.. ha-, aa article in referenco to the recent flare np between a Maryland guano com-, puny and the Uaytieu government, with regard ; .0 ihe lalaud of Navaza, from which we make the | following extract: Happily, matters nf this d'S'ripti .n are now ‘ beyond ilie p owibiliiy of permanent diapu.e, since chi laws tint r-g.tUU th.-m .ira well dahued.— The United Stat-.s showed iu the ttnalaguus ease that occurred with P.-ru about five years back. ; that they were prepared to deal with such cases according to exact ami liberal interpretations, and there is reason to anticipate that, if the Ilay lien proofs are as irrefragable us they are represented and believed to be, there will be no resolution to ! ~t them at defiance merely by the exercise of thu : strong hand. War on Loct-ri s ant! NVasp tp. rs. New York. Dee. id.—Warrants were issued in this city on Saturday, to arres parties connected with Swan’s lotteries: also, against proprietors of a Sunday weekly paper, for publishing adver tisements. Many arrests have been made, but the principals are still at large. A requisition will be sent to Augusta. Ho'E’l-'istp.ess.EP Whzts \Vo.men#ue Reliev- t et> in the North.— ln a Northern paper we find the following paragraph : A young woman, Ellen Wheaton, who has for saken tbe Shaker community at Pleasant Hills, Ky., has made her appearance in Rochester, ask ing for aid. She was brought tip by the Shakers, but became weary of their way of life. All the aid -he was able to discover in Rochester was receiv- * .•A f r om the police, who accommodated her with a cell in the station house. flgf* Rt. Rev. Henry U. Onderdonk late Bish op of Pennsylvania, died at his residence in Phil adelphia, on the 6th instant, ki tho. 70th year of ( his age. g ; j Washington, Dec. 13.—Intelligence received here confirms the recall of Lord Napier, but no change in public policy is apprehended to result to of hi* wfiorii. Congressional. IMPEACHMENT OF JUDGE WATROUS. Washington, Dec. 10.—The House resumed , the oonsideratioiyif the report of the Committee on the Judiciary iu the case of Judge John C. Watrous, of Texas. Mr. BILLIN’GHURBT, of Wisconsin, said the House was called upon to say whether or not the conduct of Judge Watrous was such that he should 1 he put upon his trial before the Senate, that they | may reach an urjusfc and corrupt officer of the Houses After reviewing the evidence, he held j J udgo Watrous guilty of the charges made against ’ him. He sat in judgment in cases in which he j was interested, and .charged the jury that the title j was good, and it was gross indecency fur him to j thus give a judgment which might be cited in New Orleans. Mr. REAGAN, of Texas, referred to the state- : ment of Mr. Bryan, that he had in his possession the statement of Mr. Austin that he had purchased tho three ck vcn-leeguo grants of laud, ami that Samuel M. Williams hud full power to sell them. That statement, coming from his colleague, must have an important bearing on the ease, and he desired to ?isk him, if it was convenient, to lay a copy of it before the House. Mr. BRYAN replied that he had made the state ment, and he trusted that his eolloage would not require the paper. Mr. REAGAN inquired whether the gentleman who had made the statement would be a good enough to place it before the House. Mr. BRYAN replied that lie had the paper, but it was not necessary to present it. At the prop er time and place he would lay it before tho House. Mr. READY’ then proceeded to argue in favor of tho dismissal of the case, and replied at length to the speech of Mr. Billinghurei. He contended that that portion of the comqiiUee in favor of the impeachment of Judge Watrous had abandoned tho charges made by Spencer in his memorial to Congress, and had not alluded to them in their re j port. J Mr. DAVIS, of Maryland, asked the gentleman to state whether or not there was any evidence that Judge Waitrou* ever engaged in a series of j speculations in hind in Texas with parties who | were thou litigants in hU courts; and if ao, how many ? Mr. Ready replied that there was not a sylla ble of testimony in tbe record, from beginning to end, showing that Judge Watrous ever engaged in the purchase of a tract of land ac any time or anywhere except tho eleven league tract, and nu vor engaged in such a transaction with persona lifigantß in his courts except iu this single rn h tan eo. The proof, on tho contrary, exhibited the fact that he had no means to speculate. He was a pJor man, and the fact was that he had never paid one dollar for the land he bad pure based,but u and executed his note bearing interest from the d* of purchase, and yet he owed the principal j u. i the interest. He had been led into the pur -1 chase as a uu re matter of favor, because through him, persons in Alabama, who had the capital, J were enabled to engage iu the purchase and en ! rich themselves, lie then resumed the line of his argument, referring to the evidence to establish j the fact that he bad not used his official position , j to pr .mote h interests or the interests of those i ass ciated with them. j I Tho Speaker stating the question— j Mr. C'iark, of New York, said 110 desired to ; speak, but preferred that Some gentleman who wis in favor of tbe impeachment of Jttdge Watrous should precede him: but if tile Vote was tube taken to-Uav he would.go on rather than lose tno opportunity. | Mr. II us‘on, of Alabama, stated that it was his intention to ask fi.r a vote'some time to mor row He also intended to propose the previous question for terminating the debate at some stage that would be agreeable to the House; and then, the resolutions being reported, be desired to make a few remarks himself. Whenever d< bate should be terminated, he would claim this privilege. Tho geutleman from Louisiana, [Mr. Taylor,] who had been detained by sickness, desired to address the House, but. was not able to do so in conse quence of the fatigue he suffered on his journey. If the gentleman from New Y’ork desired to ad ot four speeches to nc made in favor of the im , peaelimcnt of Judge Watrous, was desirous that one of these speeches should precede his : but he would speak at once rather thau lose tho oppor tunity. Mr. Houston. If the gentleman prefers it, let the case go over until to morrow, Mr. Reagan dorired to address the House, but ning. Mr. Stephens, of ‘Georgia, trusted the gentle man w .iild take the. floor and let the House ad journ till Monday. He moved that when the House adjouru jtudjourii t meet on Monday next. Mr. Morgan, of New York, demanded the yeas and nays : which were ordered. yeas and nays being taken, resulted—yeas 81. hays 90. So tho House refused to adjourn over. Mr. Reagan obtained tbe floor, but gave way to Mr. Underwood, who moved that the House ad journ : which motion was agreed to. And then the House adjourned. Congressional. Washington, Doc. 13.—Tho standing commit tees of the Senate were elected to-day. Mr. Cling man introduced a resolution strongly favoring the j abrogaiion of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty, and bo made a speech expressing the same views. Mr., Gwin made a speech in favor of the Pacific rail way bill. In the House the Watrous case was up. The debate on this question will probably terminate to morrow. \ resolution was adopted calling f<<r infor mation in regard to British outrages in the Gulf. Intense excitement prevails in relation to the boarding of the steamer Washington by the Brit ish. Matters look squally. The government dis patches, in relation to the boarding of the steamer Washington, have not yet been divulged; but, regarding the newspaper reports as correct,- persons inhigh federal positions consider our re lations with Great Britain in an exceedingly criti cal condition. From liie Washington States. The First Jolie of the Session. There were some foriy-six or forty-eight Sena tors present during tiie reading of the President’s message. Some read it for themselves from the Supplement to the States, issued simultaneously j witn ns Commencement by tne reading clerk,-ami j others preferred listening, as the song says, liko | coru-fieids, “with all their ears.'’ Many aud va- ! | riuus were the expressions on the fare, sol Inchon- j ; orahie gentlemen, and it would have been worth j j the wuiie oi Swine physiognomist to have hired a | ! ep.rite.a.isl medium anti rapped up Lavuter, that eyes and noses ol the head ol the Legislative body j ui this Republic. Many us were the expressions Oil the laCtS, but Oiieoi them sought the mouth of au hoaoraole Senator, and issued tuerefrom. Every body knows tLat Mr. lime, of New Hampshire, is a joker; and worse tuau that, he knows that every body knows it. He rather likes that every body snouid say, “Hale is a great jo ker,. but alas! us more by the quantity than the quality oi his jokes. He is a generous joker.— i lie Very often strains a point ; but however com i mouduble to do this f>r a friend, it is utterly rep rehensible to do it for a joke. In fact he is no true friend of a joke who strains a point for it; and it may bo laid down as an axiom to be daily conned by Mr. Ilale, and other inveterate jokers, that the point of a joke is all the stronger for uot being strained. Mr. Hale, then, being a very great and a very generous joker, was very fidgety throughout the reading ot the message. He wished to say some- I thing, though he had nothing particular to say. He no doubt thought there were many pas sages iu it through which he might kick a joke iuto the Senate; but, taken as a whole, it rather | nonplussed him, and he was forced to admit that the message was no joke. While all the other Senators, iuoluding those of Mr. Hale’s color, kept up a decorous amplitude of patience and silence, the Souator from New Hampshire was, to use a homely but sugestive simile, as restless as a hen on a hot griddle. Indeed, if there were two beu3 on a very, very hot griddle, they would afford a ; still more suitable simile for the man aud theoc | easibp. When Senator Bigler offered the usual ’ resolution for tho printing of ihe message, and had sat. down, it seemed as though be took the safety-valve off Hale's pent up humors. He was ; on his feet instauter; and kept on them to tkeex ! tent of two columns of the Globe, lie thought the President had abused his eons;lttffibnal prerogative and he was determined to abuse tbe Pres ident. I Foil, be did abuse him and his mes sage iu a variety ot ways and mean#. He j io9rd tt fcb* pitfy of tb* Prwidtßfc, y*t tmittd with its purpose. He was not sure but he would vote for a large edition of the message; then again he was sure he would do no such thing. Then he bad a vision of•• Old Buck’’ wander iug over the battle field of “old Berks,” and compared him to Florence Nightingale, Ther e was more “flattering unctiou” in this than is usual iu the jokes of Hale; for if a man. or even u President, dues not totally object to he compared to one of the opposite sex, he might well ho proud of a comparison to so gentle, but so courageous u specimen of it. He would ‘’ask tbe country aud the Senate” this and that; and he did ask them many things of the name sort, and promptly replied to his queer queries on the part of the country and tho Senate—nobody in the lattei risking a joke with the basso profundo of jokers. Ho repudiated the charge made upon his friends aud himself, that they aud he are con stantly attempting to agitate. For himself, he in directly felt aggrieved ; he was not so much of an agitator as of stnytUng else—a joker mayhap, lie was accused of standing iu tho way of peace : on tbe contrary, ho was making it got out of his way. One of his happiest* hits was at his own head, when he said, “as 1 heard the President’s message read I thought .some light flashed upon my mind.” It appears he was mistaken; in thought wrong, lie was in the same situation as tho Atlantic cable. A message was sent over him, but not through him. Probably he had the cable in bis head at the moment, and thought to make a joke on it, without remembering, however, that it couldn’t carry one. Mr. ilale said rnnch and little, excused hie de sultory manner, of which painful subject there was no need to remind the patient Senate, and concluded his two columns by saying he would say no more then, as he did not wish “to weary the Senate.” Whether bo felt that the Senate were beginning to weiyy, or looked upon his ef fort, so far, as a good or even a bad joke, does not appear; but it is quite clear ho reserves his right to weary it on some future occasion. He may have his right to do so, but we differ with him as to his being able to do so. He does uot weary 11s. We coulees we like his burly frame and outspoken tone, and respect his cousisieucy in polities—oven to the joking. From the Mobile Register. startling Proceeding*. The Commercial flitjhtn of Alabama trampled upon by Federal Force. ! Below will be found a plain report of the inuo lent and unparalleled proceedings of the agents oi tin; Federal Government to interfere with.the law ful movements of a vessel belonging to the com merce of Alabama in tho Baj’ of Mobile. If the 1 people of Mobile aid of Alabama, and of the , whole South, can submit to this insulting invasion j of their rights and liberties, then let them meckh wear the yoke which Northern aggression anu I Federal force have together prepared for them.— 1 We have heard it suggested that a meeting of tin * people bo called hero to consider and take aetioi j on this unparalleled outrage upon Southern “Fret i Trade and Sailor’s Rights!” We approve th j suggestion. J.t is time for the people to act ii j While bearing down Mobile Bay on Monday 1 December 6th, at halt past 12 P. M.. the sehoouti ! Susan, 11. Maury, master, to the northward of th< j Fleet, was brought to and boarded by tho U. S j IT venue Cutter Robert Me Lolland, J. J. Morri ; son commander. The bearding officer was S. P. j Caldwell, 2d Lieutenant of said cut or, who de- l rnunded to see the schooner’s papers, upon which j Mr. Maury replied that he had not cleared, bu, was bound into the Fleet to get ready for sea, Uk Schooner then having her signal flying for a watei boat. Lieutenant Caldwell then returned to tin cutter. Soon afterwards he (Lieut. C.) re-visited th*. schooner, and claimed her as a prize in the naui of the United States, and ordered the schooner t return to Mobile. 110 ordered the schooner to b tilled away and *.ho helm to be put up, whereupon ! Mr. Maury, master, denied his right to do so, anu immediately brought the schooner to aniffior; bu; Mr. Maury stated to Lieut. Caldwell, that ht had no objection to an officer of the cutter remain ing on board as a guest until the schooner was lmineuiuceiy sein. uuuiucr uuat m command of Lieut. Geo. F. White, who cairn alongside, and stated as the orders of Capt. Mor rison to Lieut. Caldwell to take the schooner to Dog River Bar and anchor, and if he wanted an armed crew he (Capt. Morrison,) would send it t< him. Lieut. Caldwell replied that he would j.o back to the cutter and see the Captain. Lieut. White, with six men, remained on board of tin schooner. Soon afterwards, Lieut. Caldwell, accompanied j by Capt. Morrison, returned to the schooner with arms, (pistols aud cutlasses) in their boat. Capt. Morrison, upon stepping on board, inquired, “Who commands this vessel ?” Upon which Mr. Maury replied, “I am the commanderthere upon Capt. Morrison claimed the schooner aa a prize to the United States. Mr. Maury asked under what auth#ity he made the capture.’ Capt. Morrison replied that he did boas a government officer, and by virtue of ordere j from the Custom-house at Mobile, not to let tlu \ schooner pass below Dog River Bar. Mr. Maurj replied that such a course would be illegal, anu that he would most assuredly resist any such at tempt. Mr. Maury also gave orders forbidding any armoa men coming on board, aud stated t< Capt. Morrison that he intended taking his vessel into the Fleet. Capt. Morrison then said by vir tue of tbo Custom-house orders he would sink the schooner Susan if she undertook to got under way from where she then lay. After some further con- | versatiou between Capt. Morrison and Mr. Maury j in which the former expressed his determination to take the schooner to Dog River Bar, as a prize j c the United States, and the latter expressed him- j self also determined not to be taken as a prize, in- i asmuch as he had vUfritcd no law, Capt. Morri son and Lieut Caldwell, returned to tbe cutter, leaving on board Lieut. White as a guest of Mr. j Maury. The schooner then got under way and proceeded on her course to the Fleet in Mobile j Bay. The cutter also got under way, and stood to the “Westward with her starboard tacks on board. 1 the wind being to the Southward. IIARRY MAURY, Master of the Schooner Susan. Nicaragua. Under our telegraphic head will be found a des patch in relation to the steamer Washington, which sailed recently from New York with a large number of emigrants to Nicaragua, uud which has some significance, when read, in view of tin late movements of Nicaraguans at this port. Ii was said at the time the Washington cleared for Central America that her passengers had obtain ed passports and would laud at their point of des tination without difficulty, whilst clearances o the same kind were forbidden at the South. Bui it now appears that tho Washington has returned i with her passengers. Two hundred and fifty ol j them, however, it is believed were landed at the j Colorado (a branch of the San Juan) river, before ; sue arrived at Greytown, and that the remnant on j board (about one half) have been refused a land iug by the English and American vessels of wai j tbvre surveying the operations of the emigrants. This is an important announcement, if true, ant ; we suppose it is, for it proves that the Government is actively on the look-out for the prevention oi any armed descent upon tbe territory of Central America, and that it is uring all means to proven; a disturbance of the peace of Nicaragua by the present attempt to settle upon its soil. It forebodes difficulty to the party of emigrants who recently departed on the fchisan from this port, escaping the vigilance of our revenue offi cers, iu their attempt, whatever it may be, in gaining a foothold upon the sands of their desti nation. Whether they can succeed in landing, or whether the party that has debarked at the Col orado can sustain themselves or receive further support, under impediments like this of the Washington, are questions of the future. — % Mind your Stops. — Do not stop at the bar room. Merry laughter may ring out from it as you pass by, ami voices of friends may call you to enter. Within, it may shine brightly with light thrown back from polished mirrors, and gleams from crystal bottles, and the voices oi rayrth and gaiety may be heard there; but ‘stop’ uot; there is danger in its brightness. Those gleaming bottles contain potions that lead to pov erty, dishonor and death. The merimeut therei* the laughter of fools and may and the in horrible laughter of tho maniac. “Avoid it, pass by it turn from it and pass away.” Do not‘stop’ at the gambling house. Those close shutters conceal treacherous fascinations, you may find yourself too weak to resist. Revcngcis longer lived than gratitude. En dorse Mr. Smith’s note to keep him from bursting, he will forget all about it in a month. Pull Mr. Smith’s nose, and he will cherish a secret desire to burn your house down for the remainder of his life. Revenge is a passion. Gratitude ap pears to be only a sentiment. We can all hate; but it is only one man in a hundred that poetesses tense enough tab* thankful. I COUMBrS, TIURSDAI, DECEMBER 10, 1858. The Legislature—lts Arts. The Legislature of Georgia, after a session of forty days has adjourned, and ttye Members have reffurned-home to give an account of their stew ardship. In advance of the enquiry, “what has it done?” wo propose to tell what it has not done, as we ha ve more to fear from bad legislation thau no legislation at all. Iu the first place, the wild and extravagant schemes of Stato Aid were defeated, and we trust are buried so low that the hand of future genera tions will never resurrect them. Only three mil lions and u half of the people’s money were asked to build Railroads, and that, too, with such ample security (?) that the corporations interested would not subscribe for stock! Many legislators, how j over—as dispensers of other men’s means and j >ther men’s money, were liberal and exceedingly j geuerous, and would have run tho 6 late into an I enormous debt and prostrated her credit, had not i the more cautious been iu tho ascendency. The j cry of enhancing the value of laud and diminish ing the price of transportation on goods, was a : syren song, which lulled legislators to sleep, white placed as custodians.of the State’s credit. The fight, however, is over, aud the policy of the State is to leave works of internal improve ment to the instincts of individual enterprise. The Supreme Court was the subject of much discussion. Some bills have passed iu relation to cases being carried up from an inferior tribunal, : which will diminish tho litgatiou and cost of the i Court. For instance, under the law just passed, i no points unless touching the merits of a cause can j bo carried up and all points must be reserved im- I ill a final hearing. The bill conferring upon the j Judiciary law-making power, and the res-. Jut-ions i requesting the judges to resign, we do not believe ! will meet with tho sanction of the people. They j .ire too honest to bo led away by designing poli- j licians and interested parties. Seven now counties were forraod during the pres- . out session, which, together with tho mmC . r made one yeqy ago, makes fourteen iu the lust two years. The log-rolling principle is carried on to so great an extent in our legislative halls ihat if is almost impossible to defeat q new county bill, f Ton miles across i3 territory sufficient for a county, and the consequence is, we find little red and green spots on our map about as iurge as the uall of one's thumb called a county, and not { paying tax sufficient to support their members to 1 uc Legislature. There is one county iff the b'tutc sow that has oaly seventy-six negroes within it .units. The penally of two per cent, a mouth upon th. capital stock is now to be inflicted upon bank. .Finch do uot comply with tbe provisions of th : nil passed last year for the relief of suspended j .auks. This bill was passed the lust night of tlm ! session, after a stormy debate. We will at some future time allude to other acts passed the Legislature, as want of space forbid.- j our treapassiug iouger upon the patience ol’ our } readers Let it suffice to say, the Legislature ad- ; journed without finishing the work before it—that j die business ol the session was crowded to the Js -t j few days, that members would not vote to eon- ; 4 inue the session a day time agre- and ‘ upon by a joint resolution—that the greatest con tusion prevailed—that sixty bills were left in the • ilouseand more thau thirty in the Senate that j were either not acted upon or noted upon were their homes and firesides regardless ol their duty to their constituency, and the blame is justly at tributed to those who, (for buneomb) voted toad- j journ at all hazards. Georgia Conference M. E. Church. The regular annual session of this body conven ed in thie city on yesterday—Bwfcop Piero© pre siding. After religious exercise by the President, tin organization was effected by the appuiutinnt of Rev. J. Blakely Smith, Secretary, and Rev. Charles R. Jewett aud Rev. J. W. Burke, Assis tant Secretaries. The regular Standing Committee? were then appointed. Communications were received from the Book Agent, Financial Secretary and the publishing committee of the Southern Christian Advocate— read aud referred to appropriate committees. Reporters for tho city papers were admitted to seats within the bar. The regular business was then token up and twenty-six ministers were admitted on trial. Conference resolved to meet at 9 A. M. and ad journ at 1 P. M., and hold all its meetings with open doors. Dr. C. Taylor, General Secretary Sabbath School Society, Rev. Mr. Laney ol'Alabama, and Rev. A. Graham of Florida, were introduced to the Conference. Conference then adjourned to meet at 9 o’clock this morning. A New E.vikui hisu. —T .c Journal of Com merce learns that a company has be a receii ly formed in New York city, wkuk prop.v sto ob viate the delays, dangers a. and uiui< .Lies of the passage round Cape Horn, by establishing a line of powerful tug steamers to tow vessels from oroan to ocean through the Straits of Magellan; aud that, provided the government of Chile.agre. to certain proposals which the company has already addressed to them, steps will be immediately taken to carry the design into execution. The protec tors of the enterprise are very sanguine of its suc cess, and assured of its beneficial results. They issert that the passage of the Strait? may be made quickly by vessels of any tonnege, with tucir assistance of steam tugs, and they calculate* that the saving of time to vessels passing the .'straits, as compared with “doubling the Cape’ would, on ati average, be fully 20 days, basing heir calculation on Lieut. Maury’s statement that he average time required for rounding Capo Horn 525 days. They calculate that the saving of 20 lays in interest and in insurance on vessel and •argo, and on wear and tear of voesol, te., would be not less than §1,000,000. The Sugar Crop. —Tho New Orleans (La.) Delta says: Sugar is twenty thousand hogshead? md molasses wenty thousand barrels ahead of ast year. We do not think it extravagant to say mat the aggregate value of the receipts of the pro tects of the valley of the Mississippi at this port, ip to the present period, is double that for the same period last year. Sad Expiation or a Flirtawox. —Sarah Coffman, daughter of Mr. Joseph Coffman, near Columbia Furnace, in Shenandoah eo., Va.. com mitted suicide on the 20th ult,, by taking half a paper of arsenic. The cause of the act is said to j i ia ve been, that she unfortunately promised two young men to marry them, and the day for the olcbration of the nuptials was fixed: both lover? •xpeering to lead her to the alter at the samp time. She could not think of meeting them both under such circumstances, and hence the act of sui cide. The Walker Expedition.— A correspondent in Mobile writes os follows: The Capt. Maury who is at the head of the expedition of 140 men who left ou the schooner Susan, but was overtaken and Wrought back by I the Revenue Cutter McClelland, is the person who wounded the famous De Itivierre in a duel last Spring, and his second, Col. McDonald some time after, llis name has been associated with the emigration scheme for somo time. Ho is a good sailor and man of courage. Here there is no effort made by its friends to conceal tbe character of this expedition, whft-h is i perfectly understood in Mobile, and the \\ alkcr | organ hero, the Register, seoms to ‘make uo bones’ I ovar ite pnrj?oM. reYiON H. COIdUITr, (-Friito... JAMES W. WARK4N. S Edltors ’ Number 50 FOR THE TIMES. Supreme Court—Judge Kenning. Messrs* Editors : i My attention having been called to a “eommu • mention of Win*Dougherty Esq., on tbe Bank j oases, and decision at Macon” in reference to the j position of Judge Bcnning before the Legislature I at tlfe time of his election upon those cases, I j deem it but an act of justice to Judge Bennirg to state what is my recollection of that position, more | especially as lain the only living member of that 5 Legislativ e from this eounty. Judge Sturgis the i Senator, aad Col. McDcugald one of the Reprc ! sentatives having died. ! Mr. Dougherty, iu his communication, states j that it was ihe understanding before theLegisla ; lure tb?, Judge Benning, if elected would uot 1 preside ; n any of tho Bank cases, and remarks, 1 “As proof cf the fact, if any be needed, bis most j intimate frijuds, including the Senator andoneof j tho Representatives from his county so elated j emphatically and repeatedly.? I was one of tho ! members of the House of Representatives from | his county, and I am certain aud positive that I : mfidq, no hitch representations to members, er any one else, what \v;i j said or done by Juage Sturgis ! or Mr. AL Donga but T never heard | of either es Gum making any such rep re Ft rs; j tios>F. T had no conversations with Judge I I ning or his friends on the subject, but behq a j Repress:vivo from his county, I was frequeni ! ly asked by other members what was his position jon ‘iLe Bank cases.” I invariably stated from | my knowledge of Judge Bcnning's character, that Ibo would not preside iu any case in which he had 1 been of < uu.re-i or iu which ho was personally in tcrestc >■ hi all other* ho would preside. This I felt autii ,vised to slate from bis known character forkon ;\ and integrity, iu the community in wkteb hi At thai time I was opposed to Judge Brnnh.:; po llii. ally. This statement is not made l y hi re. • r from any consultation w ith him. It a y other < r further pledge was made by Judge Bonn ire; or any of bis friends during the ear.va -i the Legislature, I am not aware of it and 1 wire h member, and present all the time. Yours truly, B. A. Thornton. We are pemutted by a l'riend to whom it was written, to publish tho following beautiful and aublim pa-'s-iges of a private letter Horn Gov. Henry A. Wise of Va. We have seen nothing m -re truthful er.d touching iu the language. It is a -sun-set scene, crowned with the gloriee of morning, aad illuminated by lightning “ There L: ;> qraege sympathy mingling in hu man ai: .ii’.s here- ecu strangers 10 each othiT’s per song. Your letter reads to me os film on old time friend, wil t wlum I have long been familiar and more than confidential. Has the chaster.mg of dom it ? Ah ! What a power Here is in sujfenvy! i: w blight how beauLiul Lew so lacing the Divine Idea that there couldn’t bo Atonement without suffering ! We can’t pray Jo God without r. 11 re our cyct—mental eyes. Wo may reject image woi>hi| —it is seiflN.i ---!. Blits; ill I !rr pi tit as well as seus-o requires, cltmunds a. image. What ic it ? An old man in the cioud- : A spirit? What like? flame? flood? vapor - : No! no! no! lUfelotmi, bless ed be Orel, reveals the imaj.fr oi onr Gcd—il.e •:.Iy spirii wc ..an worship in spirit truth in the term re man, crowned with thorns—nailed in hands and fee! and pierced iu the side—a suf ferer —a pain-strieken, bleeding sufferer! Suf fering .V part of tin Cod ! 1 take.it then as pajrt ofth Divinity w bieh stirs within me, and then I mny set my nerves to bra, iug all, and chloro form ;u)d e-K-trier it can’t eafift cam. like that wqr inieud r Did you ever apply buffering ns a Lumi to suffering? It is good—it is good to say “ Wcarg and team me Suffer on, bear on, tLen, your old disorder, watch at the bedside of your child,-and take on every care and labor. Every suffering is a precious gift of Heaven, if you will but recognize th© the angels—take ’em in, and treat them at your board, and talk with them uud scan thi iii close. Sit down in solemn, sacred com munion with them, and you will leel your heart burn within you and you will rise up and lie stronger ! ow this sweet philosophy bursts from every wriihtn pore! If consoles me often “so to sireat out the agony of this mortal strife. The sweetest perfume that ever went up'from earth’s gardens to heaven, went up from sweet Getheemanel Oh! how terrible! Not that agony—it was of the earth, earthly—but that uwildness of Divine Love and Justice in the mingling drops of Hu mility’s tears and perspiration. I bear this hum ble testimony to the subtimest internal evidence that contradicts sense and selfishness and proves we are immortal and may be divine. ‘•Ah! if I could only imprint your Christian, manly counsel on my truly good son, who is c apa ble oi so much greatness. It they .don’t kill Urn bo will hike care ol himself and 01 me too. “One of my sons is in the fold of the Almighty Sufferer and pointing the way to sinners. The other is iu the snare of the fowler, and dying to light up the ways of this world. Strange re; r .st! it makes me suffer much but to jo 01 1 too! •‘What has this letter run to? I sat down ;• write polities, full of worldly and it may K w • 1 .j, ed thoughts, and here am 1. a poor, unpro.t.Sßi • sick and sore sinner, pouring out some drips . piety. They came and exuded of thent-i vis. touched by your sympathy in suffering—blessed he suffering! i‘l am hardly fit in tone to continue a word about polities. But you Lite the nail on the Lt ad. Caucuses and cliques are doing the lniselitl i< r our country in all its pares and especially in its metropolitan places. And Jam glad they arc my enemies. 1 m surely their enciny—miturally and eternally. You have hit ’em a blow. I hope you’ll repeat it. ‘•My preacher son mny visit Alabama for his health. When you see him you’ll see me.’ lie re said to be much like me. God be with you— Adieu ! HENRY A. WISE.” Congressional. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Saturday, Dec. 11. Mr. Smith of Tenin, reported a resolution from the Committee on Printing, authorizing the print ing of 20.0HU extra<opi( sos (lie President?* mes sageund accompanying dr.cuments. Agreed to. Mr. S. also n ported fr< in the same committee a resolution to print 15,(M!U extra copies of the re port of the Secretary of the Treasury; which was agreed to. Mr. Scales, of rth Carolina, introduced a resolution, requesting the Secretary of tbeTreasu ry to furnish the ll.iuso with a statement of the payments from the- Treasury of the United Staffs, from 1819 to 1858, ordinary, extraordinary, aud lor tho liquidation oflhe public debt. Tne consideration of the- report of tbe Judiciary Committee, on the charges against Judge V airous, was resumed. * m Mr. Reagan, of Texas, read a speech sustaining the report of the committee, beginning with tbe charges contained iu tbe memorial ol Mussina. Cincinnati Hog and Provision Trade. The Cincinnati Price Current, of Wednesday, puts now the number of Hogs received ihere this season at 231,142. against 137,810 for the tame time last year. The same paper says: The fjpceulativc movements in the hog and its products is unabated, and a further improvement has been established in mess pork and lard, tbe former having been taken largely lor future de livery, at an advance of fully SI per bbl. during tlic week. . „ . , Thu Virprinians are selliui; pork lor March de livery, freely, and yesterday ihcy could not find takers ou ’change at SIS for March, autii a bull who was at another point, was asked by telegraph would he take 2,000 bids, mess for March at Sl9, and ho replied “yes.” Lard is in quiet demand at 11 cents on the spot, ! , m ,i n 1 ; rant's for future delivery. They did not I seem to be slmrp n,i<!r lmlk Tnea > • bn, > notwilh i standing good business has been done. Green meats have been sold slowly during tho week, : partly owfug to tho bad weather, and the mar ket closing dull at a and cents for shoulders and ‘Tioga have arrived qu>*e freely during tbe week, but tbe short crop men are now looking confidently for the “tapering off,” though, for onr part, we cannot perceive nny indications of it.— Tho sales during the week add up 5,000 head, closing at S6@6 60 for those averaging 140 to ISO lbs.; Sfl 7d@6 85 ,)or those averaging 200 lbs., and $7(5,7 20 for those averaging 210(g250 Ui. The market closes rather tome.