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THE NEWS & FARMER Entered as second class nail matter at the v*ost office, Louisville, Ga., under the Act of Congress, March 8, 1879 Published Every Thursday In the Year By J. W. White J. W. WHITE Editor G. S. CHAPMAN Business Manager One Year, in Advance $1.50 Six Months in Advance .76 NOTICE. The News & Farmer will take pleasure in publishing cards of thanks, in memoriams, obituaries, resolutions, etc., free of charge, provided the perties interested pay for the cost of setting the type. This cost is only fifty cents and whenever notices of this kind are to be inserted this fee must be sent in advance. LOUISVILLE, GA., APRIL ~ 1919 The icy weather that prevailed several mornings last week was an April fool to the fellow who had shaken off winter and plunged into summer. The greatest trouble that the pence congress is encounter ing is because each nation that is represented at the table wants the biggest piece of pie. Hides are said to be plentiful, but at the same time the leather dealers are predicting a shortage in this commodity and assert that higher-priced shoes will follow. This section of Georgia may yet become the oil centre of Georgia, as those who have discovered traces of oil are making diligent investigations to see whether the deposits are sufficient to bo commercialized. The Sudan of Turkey wants justice for his people, so he says. But if they should get justice there wiuld ne not one of them left ou the top side of the earth, according to the American interpretation of the word. If many more of the members of the cabinet take trips to Kurope our seat of government might as well be tempo rarily located in Paris. The precedents established since tile United States began to take a part in the great world war would have seemed entirely out of place a generation ago. Our country is now Loginning to food the Germans, as food hv the ship load is being forwarded to that country. There are some people who think they should be made to go hungry a long time before being given any assistance, because they caused so much destruction in their ambition to dominate the affairs of all other nations. The Bolshevists believe that when a man earns twenty five dollars a week he should divide with tin* man who has made no effort and has nothing to show for the week’s time. There are some people in this country who are act ing on this principle whether they subscribe to the doctrine or not. The American humorous writers are soon to hold a con vention in Philadelphia. The humorous writer attracts more renders than the one who gives us broadsides on what the delegates t< the peace conference should do to save the world from mother cataclysm of war, just as the burnt cork artists always draw a bigger crowd at the theatre than the most talented tragedian. John Barleycorn is making a desperate fight through the medium of the courts for a chance to continue in business, but the verdict >f the states that have acted through their legislative powers is against a continuance and this great est enemy of mankind must never again be tolerated. A hundred years, lienee the civilized people of the earth will wonder why such an evil should have been permitted so long. Helgoland, the little island that was once possessed I>v the British, and later reded to Germany, will t*lit an im portant caper in the jn-are negotations. The fortifications are considered impregnable, or as nearly so as German in dustry could make them after the expenditure of enormous sums of money, and it is now the purpose of the peace mak ers to completely destroy this modern Gibraltar which was constructed for war purposes only. Savannah lias been having a row with her pawn brokers whose tricks of trade have never boon much admired. The three ball artists wanted to have the age limit lowered so that it would be permissible for children to secure loans, but there has been such a kick against the proposition that the concession was not granted. The Savannah News took a firm stand against the proposition, and in so doing voiced the sentiments of the best peojde of our chief seaport city. F en before the spring is under full headway the. people are being urged to buy their supplies of coal for next win ter, for two reasons, the first of which is* to create an imme diate demand for the output <f the mines, and the second is because later in the year enormous quantities of coal will be exported, at which time nearly all coal cars will be moving to the coast cities to till the contracts, and it will the:i be practically impossible to supply the demands in this country. When the constitution of the United States was adop ted its reading could be interpreted two different ways in order to compromise the differences of opinion, and this eventually opened the way for the war between the north ern and southern states, as one interpretation was that a state had a right to secede and the other was that it could not do so. It is hoped that the world peace congress now in session will avoid ambiguity in language, and that there will be no more wars in the future. Higher prices :ir- being predicted for shoes on .'recount of the shortage of raw material and the unusual demand from foreign countries that have been shut off from commerce on account of the world war. There is a scarcity of leather in all of the European countries as the war prevented the natural increase in animals because so many had to bo used tor food, and it may l>e several years before the normal sup ply increases sufficiently to meet the demands. This may compel some of our people to wear bare skin shoes. The greatest handicap to the raising of hogs in Georgia is the occasional outbreak of cholera which takes heavy toll of the swine, sometimes completely wiping out an entire herd, bike all other diseases this can be prevented or con trolled by taking the proper precautions. Government representatives, who have made a study of tin- disease and know what should be doHe to prevent its spread have been actively at work in various parts of the state, and they should have the hearty co operation of the people. They advise either the burning or the deep burial of every hog that dies of disease so as to prevent the spread of the germs by buzzards and dogs. The buzzards fly long distances and can spread the germs over several counties. Therefore it will be seen that the advice to destroy tin* carcasses is very important. Home of the tough citizens of Virginia made it a rule to enter the south bound trains for the purposes of grabbing valises and appropriating the contents, espeecini'y those eei it-ining basks of Ii jut r that had been bought in New York, Baltimore or other northern cities. When a passen ger would be ask"d if the valise by his side was his proper ty, fearing that he would be arrested and detained by offic ials, he would deny ownership, whereupon the supposed offi cer would grab it and get off of the train. One man was asked if a certain valise was his property and his reply was that it was not but that it belonged to his wife, and he would kill any man who picked it up. The tough thought he was putting up a bluff and started out with it, but a bullet ended his life. The courts acquitted the man who did the killing, as it was decided that he had a right to protect hi, wife’s property. I A GAIN AT THE WORST Mr. Elihu Root, one of the best known lawyers in the country, has advised the brewers to go on making beer, but to take care that there is not more than two and three quar ters per cent, of alcohol in it. The law’ prohibiting the manufacture or sale of intoxicating liquors does not say what liquors are intoxicating and the brewers will claim that two and three quarters per cent, beer is not. Well, it would take a good deal of such beer to produce any visible effect on a man who is accustomed to the use of liquor, and it will not satisfy the cravings of the whis key drinkers. One of them remarked to the writer, 1 ‘That is no good, it is just like water.” Therefore, even if the brewers should be ablfe to estab lish their claim that they have still a right to make two and three quarters per cent, beer, the law forbidding the manufacture or sale of intoxicating liquors would not be a dead letter, but would be productive of very great good in prohibiting the sale of stronger liquors. And when Congress meets again it can define the mean ing of intoxicating liquors in an authoritative way. We have always regarded the law prohibiting the sale of liquor after duly 1 as a mere makeshift, but on the 16th of Janu ary next the prohibition amendment to the Constitution comes into force and that is not a temporary or arbitrary enactment. It will be the duty or Congress to pass a very clear enactment giving effect to hie enactment and impos ing severe* penalties for its violation. THE ONLY HOPE OF A BANKRUPT WORLD The scheme for a League of Nations drafted at Paris is not perfect. Of course, it is not. And if the men who are opposing it so bitcrly be allowed to rewrite the whole document to suit themselves, their scheme would not be per fect. Nothing that ever emanated from the mind of man w r as perfect. Only God can do work that cannot be found fault with. And there .are a good many people who even think they could improve on ITis work. It is very important that the agreement for a league of nations should be made as perfect as possible, but it is necessary that some such scheme should be adopted at the earliest possible moment, and if its adoption should be delayed until it exactly meets the approval of everybody, eternity w r ould not be long enough to bring the league into being. The conservative enemies of the League of Nations are not the only ones who find fault with it. Some even are disposed to fear that it may lack almost as many of the essential qualities of a truly effective society of nations for the prevention of war as did the old American articles of confederation for the effective union of the thirteen colo nies. Of the Continental Congress, under those articles, it was said by a distinguished American statesman: * ‘They may make and conclude treaties, but can only recommend the observance of them. They may appoint ambassadors, but they cannot defray the expenses of their tables. They may borrow money in their own name or the faith of the Union, but they cannot pay a dollar. They may coin money, but they cannot import an ounce of bullion. They may make war and determine what number of troops are neces sary, but they cannot raise a single soldier. In short, they may declare everything, but they can do nothing.” Yet the articles of confederation, crudely defective as they were, served a good and useful purpose, leading to better things as the country developed. Civilization now calls for a new’ world order; it must have it or perish. The League of Nations may be everything that its critics both hostile and friendly say it is, and still it must be tried. Nothing else in sight offers hope. For the past, with a world war to its credit costing 10,000,000 lives and $197,000,000,- 000, is bankrupt. ONE LAW DEFEATS THE PURPOSE OF ANOTHER In its anxiety to promote agriculture in order to increase the production of food the late Congress did not stop to con sider the injustice to other taxpayers involved in some of the provisions made for the benfit of agriculturists. The Boston ‘ ‘ Transcript ’ ’ shows that the tax-free five per cent, bonds of the Federal Land Bank system will naturally be bought up bv persons who have very large incomes who will thus escape the payment of the high taxes properly imposed on big incomes and thereby the burden of taxation will be caused to fall heavily on persons with moderate incomes. Although the latest reports show that loans made by the Federal land banks averaged $3,51(5 in the month of Febru ary, the records of all the business done by the banks since the system was first established how an average loan of only $2,428. Thi tends to refute the charge lately mad' by the Farm Mortage Bankers’ Association that the Federal Farm Loan Hoard unduly favors the making of large loans. The figures which the association quoted were taken chief ly from the State of lowa. There it does appear that the loans granted by the Federal system have been quite high. Brior to Oct. 1. 1918, the Federal land bank in lowa had lent $5,412,350 on mortgages averaging $0,731. A figure so high as this association regards as evidence that the Fed eral system is lending its money to landholders so well en dowed with real estate that there is small reason why the general public of the United State's should bear the burden of making it easy for them to secure borrowed money on very lenient conditions. And in this declaration, with re gard at least to the State of lowa, the Hankers’ Associa tion appears certainly to be right; but the figure struck for all the Farm Loan Hoard’s business, showing an average loan of only $2,428, rather militates against this contention, as we have said, in the nation at large. Where the Farm Mortgage Hankers’ Association of Amer ica. has performed its most useful service, in recent criti cism of the Federal Land Bank system, is in the exposition it has made of the tremendous burden thrown back on the general public by the fact that the bonds of the land banks are totally exempt from taxation. The association’s criti cism on this score is the more valid in view of the fact when f’ongress made these bonds tax exempt it had no reali zation whatever of the immense importance which this pro vision would come to bear in the future. The day of vast war expense .and of sharply retrogressive income taxes had not yet dawned. It was never so much as imagined that a tax-exempt five per cent bond would produce, for investors whose incomes lie in the high brackets of the present rev enue law, a return equal to the yield of a taxable security paving from 12 to 15 per cent. Yet this has become true today and, as tin* Farm Mortgage Hankers’ Association tells the story, it creates a situation worthy the attention of thoughtful financial interests the country over. The asso ciation says that ‘‘if as much as one-half of the outstand ing farm mortgage indebtedness of the country were in the form of Federal farm loan bonds, the Federal Government alone would conceivably lose $66,000,000 a year in exemp tions. ’ ’ it may seem cold and uncharitable, in these days of over whelming taxation, to find fault with anything under the sun that has the good fortune to tie exempt! But when the immense size to which the total of the Federal farm loan bonds may run is taken into account, the situation is seen to threaten a danger which would operate to the disadvantage of a great many more thousands of people, including thous ands of investors, than it could possibly benefit. The whole tendency of this tax-exempt issue is one of gravitates there, and as the amount of the bonds increases of the* country's most wealthy people. And if enough of it gravities there, and as the amount of the bonds increaases— it is estimated that there is a total of four biliion dollars outstanding on farm mortgages—the result must inevitably be a heavy and disproportionate increase in the taxes levied upon ail ccthcr citizens of the United States and upon all other existing securities in order to mako up the deficiency ecu sed bv the tax exemption. The principle of tax exemp t. ,:i lias been abandoned, except for suitable allowances, on all issues of Liberty Bonds subsequent to the first. The tax exempt feature of the five per cent bonds of the land gives them an undue advantage over the Liberty issus, and for this reason alone it should he soon discontinued. No one proposes, of course, that the terms of the outstanding bonds be in any way changed. That would be a plain breach of faith. But as for the future, anew at and more economical policy should be quickly sdopted. THE NEWS & FARMER, THURSDAY, APRIL 10, 1919 *♦****♦*** + * + *♦♦♦* ♦ * ATLANTA LETTER * +*+++******+♦*++** Plans have been completed for a huge officer’s training school at Camp Ben ning, Columbus, Ga., which will bn what th3 war department, character izes as the “West Point of the South.’’ Mere than $7,000,00 will be spent in tke erection of concrete barracks and houses for the student officers, about 4,000 rf whom can be ac.’onuuai.d nt the establishment wher. fully completed. More than 100,000 areas of land will be required for the camp and accord ing to an announcement made in At lanta this week, surveys and title in vestigations are .now being made with a view to purchase of the entire tract by the government. It is planned to train young officers in every branch of military science except artillery and aviation. Much interest is being manifested by the numerous friends in Georgia of Colonel William J. Oliver over his elec tion as president of the Knoxville board of commerce. Colonel Oliver is well known in Georgia and was one of the prominent visitors at the recent tract show in Macon, where the Oliver trac tor carried off high honors and was re warded with many orders. The career of Colonel Oliver has been one of the inspiration. From a modest beginning in the chalk industry 25 years ago he has become head of the Oliver Tractor Company, of Knoxville, Tenn., manu facturers of the only tractor made in the South. For the first time in history women are to be admitted to Emory Universi ty, announcement having just been made that the summer school to be con ducted on the campus in Druid Hills park will be co-educational, one of the new dormotories to be given over to women. There will be two sessions of the sum mer school, one to extend from June 25 to August and the other from August 2 to Sejjt. 2. The first session will include professional courses for teachers as well as college credit co ses and the second will lie devoted to college and university credit courses. Travelers arriving in Atlanta with flasks of the beverages which both cheers and inebriates, are finding rather hard sledding, owing to the unwelcome activities of the military police. Pas sengers on incoming trains are being held up and their baggage searched with increasing regularity, although there are protests galore and frequent threats of physi a! < iicounters between tia-elcr** and the soldier ;. icci.- 111. Cut day tliis week a whr :<■ trainload of pas scnpvrs w/%* held up whih the officers went through their luggage and tr nk. A word to the wise is sufficient. Baptists of Georgia are being urged to give $200,000 of the $1,000,000 to be raised in a campaign which was launch ed tins week by tlu* Home Mission Board and which will continue through April 30. Reports are to the effect that the campaign already is meeting with suc cess. The money will be devoted to the maintainence and extension of home missions in the south as well as in Cu ba and Panama. It is altogether a southern campaign since the money is to be used in the south. Educational and camp service work will come in for a large share of the fund. The budget commission, appointed, under authority of the last general as sembly, is gradually getting its report session of the legislature. With tin* exception of the state university, the state normal school at Athens and tin state college of agriculture, the variou state institutions have been visited and inspected by the commission. Tin* trip to Athens is to be made this week and then the commission will get down to its final work of compiling its detail ed report. The commission has f its object the formulation of a defi nite, systematic plan of operation for a : the state institution*' and lepart ments. After two years in which the peo ple og Georgia were unable to avail themselves of the privilege of hearing the world’s greatest singers, the return of the Metropolitan Opera Company to Atlanta for a w r eek’s engagement is opening the way to the people of the State and South to hear the golden voice of Caruso and many other noted singers. The sale of season tickets is just closed has been a phenomenal one, and those in charge of the sales are expect ing that the sale of seats for single per formances will exceed those of any pre vious year. The seat sale for single performances opened this week with a record crowd of purchasers, but there are still many good seats to be had, ow COULD HARDLY STAND ALONE Terrible Suffering From Headache, Sideache, Backache, and Weak ness, Relieved by Cardui, Says This Texas Lady. Gonzales, Tex.— Mrs. Minnie Phil pot, of this place, writes: “Five years ago I was taken with a pain In my left side. It was right under my left rib. It would commence with an aching and extend up into my left shoulder and on down Into my back. By that time the pain would he bo severe I would have to take to bed, and suffered usually about three days ... I suffered this way for three years, and got to be a mere skeleton and was so weak I could hardly stand alone. Was not able to go anywhere and had to let my house work g0...1 suffered awful with a pain in my back and I had the headache all the time. I just was unable to do a thing. My life was a misery, my stomach got In an awful condition, caused from taking so much medicine. 1 suffered so much pain. I had just about given up all hopes of our getting anything to help me. One day a Birthday Almanac was thrown in my yard. After reading Its testimonials I decided to try Car dui, and am so thankful that I did, for I began to improve when on the second bottle...l am now a well woman and feeling fine and the cure has been permanent for it has been two years since my awful bad health. I will always praise and recommend (tordui." Try Cardui today. B 78 ing to the huge seating capacity of the Auditorium. Was Savings Stamps were sold dur ing the past month in larger quanti ties than before in this year, owing to the systematic plan that is being put into effect by the Georgia War Savings organization. The schools of the state, including higher institutions as well as the pub lic schools, are being used as a mediiim for reaching the public with the idea of thrift as a patriotic dnty to the na tion as well as a personal, civic and state asset in character. A specially appointed committee has drawn up a plan for the teachers to use in their classes, and beginning this month, in struction in thrift becomes a regular and permanent part of the routine of the class room. Periodical reports will be made to the centra) offices of the War Savings or ganization in Georgia, and the govern ment will furnish franked post cards to the teachers for their use in mak ing this report. In this way, every teacher really becomes at recognized agent of the government. BARRETT PLEADS FOR COTTON Charles S. Barrett, of Union City, president of the National Farmers’ Union, has returned from London and Paris where he went to present the claims of American farmers to the peace delegates. Mr. Barrett urged the delegaates to adopt, so far as pos sible, a uniform system of crop estimat ing and reporting. He made a special plea for lifting the embargo on cotton. He asked that eonvenant be arranged to provide for special body to have direct charge of the interests of inter national agriculture. GEORGIA’S CROP ACREAGE According to the United States de partment of Agriculture the crop acre age in Georgia is now 12,624,000 acres against 9,652,383 in 1909 and the slate now has 330,000 farms. More than 56,000,000 acres have boon added to the country’s crop acreage in the last ten years. Texas leads with 25,328,000 or slightly more than one sixth of her total land area. WIND SAVES FRUIT According to fruit and weather ex perts the wind which ushered in the month of April saved the fruit crop of Georgia from serious damage by pre venting a heavy frost. The bond of $3,000 for “Handsome Bill” Cock, convicted of attempting with Mrs. Margaret Hirsc-h to black mail Asa G. Candler, lias been declar ed forfeited. He was sentenced to SI,OOO or one year. His mother put up his bond of $3,000 and officers for some time past have been unable to locate “ Handsome Bill.” Mr. Gladstone’s second Home Rule lull (1893) passed the Commons by a majority of 34, but was rejected by the House of Lords. Vegetable Diet. A well-balanced diet does not neces sitate much meat. The leaf vegetables, like cabbage, spinach, celery, onions, etc., are now in their prime, and should be used as the basis of a number of appetizing dishes. Supplemented as they can be by a liberal allowance of milk, cereals and a limited number of eggs, the proper food values are fully maintained. Notice To The Public We have just let the contract for the building of our new Banking Home. We expect to have the most complete and up-to date banking quarters for our customers of any country Bank in this section of the state. i In our temporary quarters we are as fully prepared, finan cially, to take care of your wants as we have always been. We want to assure our old friends of our appreciation of their business and to invite correspondence from new ones de siring the services of an institution able at all times to take care of any legitimate banking proposition. Statement of Condition at Close of Business March 31st, 1919: RESOURCES: Loans and Discounts $221,079.60 U. S. Bonds 44,142.00 Stock in Federal Reserve Bank 2,800.00 Redemption Fund 850.00 (’ash in vault and on deposit with banks 104,962.67 TOTAL .$373,834.27 First National Bank W. W. ABBOT, President. C. W. POWERS, Cashier. M. G. GAMBLE, Vice President W. R. SINQTJEFIELD, Vice President. LOUISVILLE, GA. STYLISH HATS FOR EASTER We invite the ladies and misses to visit our store and see the classy display of new and au thoritative styles of TRIMMED HATS. This ex hibition exceeds all other displays by a mile. WAISTS: —They are here in all the glory of spring. See the spring shades and white in Crejie de Chine and Georgette Crepe. SILK STOCKINGS. —The good heavy, soft glossy kind with seams in the back—in all colors. SEE LOVELY SHOWING of SILK DRESSES R. LICHTENSTEIN Ladies’ Millinery and Ready-to-Wear LOUISVILLE, GA. BUGGIES, WAGONS, HARNESS High class vehicles. Reasonable prices. My best recommendations are numberless satisfied custo mers. W. P. Lowry LOUISVILLE, GA. It begins to look as if a good many Georgia people soo may be getting their mail by airship. Asa G. Candler has donated a landing place in Atlanta and the Atlanta Journal is strong for the establishment of an aerial mail route between Atlanta and eastern and southern points. Reports from Wash ington indicate that the establishment of such a mail service at a comparative ly early date is not at all unlikely. 3 The term “Home Rule” was invented by the late Prof. Galbraith, a senior fellow- of Trinity College, Dublin. Don’t Do It. It is bad manners and bad business etiquette for two employees of the same office to discuss the personal af fairs of fellow workers or of their em ployer. Almost every worker is in pos session of some private information as a result of his work, but that should be regarded as a trust not to be be trayed. It Is also bad manners to in quire as to the wages or the particu lar duties of fellow- workmen.—Biddy Bye. LIABILITIES: Capital stock paid in $ 42,500.00 Surplus & Undivided Profits 05,275.13 Circulation 11,000.00 Deposits 250,845.51 Unpaid dividends 0.00 Re-Discounts 4,207.63 TOTAL $373,834.27