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THE NEWS & FARMER! Entered u second class mail matter at the post office, Louisville, Ga., under the Act of Congress, March 8, 1879 Published Every Thursday In the Year By J. W. White J. W. WHITE —-Editor G. S. CHAPMAN Business Manager One Year, in Advance $1.50 Six Months in Advance - 75 NOTICE. The News Sc Farmer will take pleasure in publishing cards of thanks, in memoriams, obituaries, resolutions, etc., free of charge, provided the perties interested pay for the cost of setting the type. This cost is only fifty cents and whenever notices of this kind are to bo inserted this fee must be sent in advance. THURSDAY, MAY 1, 1919 Perhaps Italy thinks that the peace conference needs 4 4 Fhane-gating.” The V drive is now on and must be carried to a finish before the expiration of the time limit. Postmaster General Burleson is getting more knocks than any cabinet officer, and most of them are based on complaints that justify the attacks. The Commerco Observer states that the Georgia edi tors will “either go to the mountains, the seashore, or some other particular point in the state.’’ That particular point is the one that interests us all. Atlanta has had her annual spasm of grand opera which has put multitudes of dollars into the pockets of the stars of the occasion, and it is hoped that those who attended feel fully repaid for their investment, but it is doubtful. Governor Dorsey is “thinking about” entering the race for United States Senator next year. With his for mer supporter, Hon. Thos. E. Watson ,“agin” him he will not have the walk-over that he did in his first raee tor Governor. New buildings are going up, improvements are be ing made on old ones and there seems to bo disposition on the part of our people to keep up with the march of development, notwithstanding the high prices of materials of all kinds. The Italians are pouting because they will not be al lowed as big a piece of the pie as they expected to get at the peace table. It remains to be seen whether the other nations arc willing to cut it according to the wishes of Italy’s statesmen. The luxury tax on soft drinks and ice cream will bring the government a large sum of money, although the tax is only one cent. The collection of this tax will give some idea of how much money the people of the United States spend on such luxuries. Savannah has celebrated the one hundroth anniversary of the sailing of the first American steamship from that port to Europe, which was the fore-runner of the great : commerce that has since sailed the seas. The world has made strenuous strides since that day, which was one of the most important events of history. Our people are not asked to give to the government in Victory Loan bonds, but are requested to make an investment which will pay a fine dividend foi several years to come. The government needs the money but it will eventually come back to us through the 1 chan nels of trade. More patrioaism and consideration for other nations should actuate the moves on tin* political chess board in Paris. A greedy grab for everything in sight, regardless of the rights of other nations, will not prove satisfac- ! tory. Uoneessions will have to be made in order to ac complish the desired results. If our people are really glad of the victory which has been achieved in the fight against German domination, which would have practically meant slavery for the Allies, they now have tlie opportunity of expressing their joy by making investments in the Victory Loan bonds that are on sale at the banks. Sec your banker and make arrange , ments to do your share in the work of raising the necessary! amount that the government needs f.*r paying the debts in- \ eurred in the great war. All over tie* South Memorial day was fittingly observed by the people who honor our soldiers for the sacrifices that | they made in lighting for southern rights more than half a century ago. The ranks of the veterans have been con siderably depleted by the march of time and within a few more years the last survivor must follow his comrades to j the scenes of another world. The custom of honoring the heroes ol that struggle was originated in Georgia and has! spread to every town and village in the south. It is a beau tiful custom, and has been followed by the people of the north, who likewise honor the memory of their soldiers a few weeks later. CHANGE OF SENTIMENTS Wlini Hc*v. Sum .lout's was asked if there were any differences in the instincts of the white and colored men he replied that they were about the same, lint qualified his reply by saying there was a considerable difference in the ‘ ‘ out-stinks. ’ ’ The Savannah News of last Satur day published the following editorial in reference to the strike in an Ohio ship building company's yards, which shows that there is a prejudice against the colored man in the north which does not exist in the south, and that prejudice against him as a worker exists in a marked degree in the states that were the hot beds of abolition before the war between the states: While we are peopling into the century-old piast and checking up the changes seen in the present and while we anticipate the just-as-great. changes the next century, it is interesting to note that a little more than a hundred years ago Harriet Elizabeth Beecher Stowe was born. And a little more than sixty five years ago “Uncle Tom’s Cabin, or Life Among the Lowly” ap peared as a serial story in one of the piopular Northern magazines, Quite a number of Savannahians, young and older, have rend “ Uncle Tom” —and some have seen it presented on the stage. It is not to resurrect the mythical colored man nor to re-jiortrav the scenes of the “quarters” but to point a change which has taken place in the time since the East and North devoured the story (if Unde Tom’s Cabin. In the period in which the story was set it may be remembered that Ohio was a favorite resort for the runaway slave and there are some heart-rending pas sages, if the tale is accurately recalled of the flight of hounded, hunted black folks, crossing the river on ice floes to escape inhuman master-fiends and blood-hounds— bound for the cities of refuge, the welcoming heaven of haven, in beautiful, liberty-loving, equality-offering Ohio. That was a little more than three-score years ago. Yester day the press dispatches had an item that read this way: Toledo, 0., Ajiril 23.—Twenty five hundred men employed in the Toledo Shipbuilding Company’s yards struck today, charging that the company had increased the number of its negro workers from fifteen to forty. But in these days of revolution and evolution, of vast strides toward the ideal and the typically altruistic and fraternal conditions of society, sixty-five years is a long time. And probably Ohio human nature has undergone some changes in the progress of the years. *> Bevcral of the counties of the state have voted to bonds for the improvements of the schools and highway: thus distributing the expense over a period of years whicl will not be very keenly felt by the tax payers who are t receive the benefits that will accrue. It is the best plai known for the improvemtnts of public utilities, and wi hope to see our county keep step in the march of progres: and enterprise. Onr people have not become aeeustomed to the change! in tho time. Those who have hertofore depended upoi the sun are sticking to it, while somo others have nevei moved their clocks forward two hours ahead of what they had been aeeustomed to use in the regulation ol their affairs, while the fast time has been adopted and is being considered as the only time by those who con sider themselves progressive and up-to-date. Judge Elbert 11. Gary, the head of the great steel in dustry, predicts that there will be a great impetus given to business of ail kinds throughout the United States, and this spirit of optimism seems justified by the general oenditions. With high prices prevailing and plenty of money in cireu olation to meet the bills there is going to be an era of ac tivity that lias never before been equalled in the history of our governement. APPEARED LIKE A SUNDAY DAILY From the Commerce News: Georgia’s weekly newspapers .are carrying more display advertising matter than ever before. Last week many of our exchanges reached us appearing like a Sunday daily. Among them were the Sandersville Progress with 20 pages; the Carroll Free-Press with 20 pages, and the Walton News and the Walton Tribune with 20 pages each. Sixteen page papers were common. It was Easter and dealers were getting in their principal spring message. JUSTICE, LIKE CHARITY, SHOULD BEGIN AT HOME Wars tend to unsettle conditions and to change the stan dards of value as well as the prices of goods. The late war has put a far higher value on manual labor as distinct from other forms of service to the community than it ever enjoyed before. In some cases the increase in the rewards of labor was beyond all reason. Yet the workers are de termined, apparently, to maintain the standard which the necessities of the various Governments enabled them to se cure. Their efforts to do so will undoubtedly cause much friction, and must eventually bring about conflict, because it is, in effect, an attempt of a small minority of the peo ple to impose a heavy tax on all others for their benefit. The Kansas City Star says: For months we have been hearing about the world. What about America? In all this time of turmoil what attention is being given to this <ountry and to its problems? This is said in no selfish sense. America has world re sponsibilities. Sho has just demonstrated by enormous sacrifices that she is no shirk. But her first duty is at home. Much loose talk is going around about advantages of inter nationalism. Somebody ought to be preaching nationalism. The best way for a grocer to help the standards of the grocery business is for him to elevate the standards of his own business. The best way for the average American to uplift humanity is to uplift America. We try to make our nation represent the things we believe in. To the ex tent it falls shoit is its influence for good lessened in the world . Our ideals float around in the air, unless they are embodied in the Nation. The only virtue that really exists, exists in virtuous men and in virtuous nations. The most effective way for America to spread justice and righteousness in the world is for America herself to be just and righteous with sufficient force in the background to make its qualities respected. China might give the world a lovely spectacle of righteousness, but to no avail so long as there was force behind it. America is now facing tremendous domestic problems. The draft revealed that a high percentage of young men in j their prime were too defective physically for army service, and that surprisingly large percentage could not read. We know there are large sections of the country where the homos of the people need reconstruction almost as sorely as the devastated regions of France. Our railroads are going bankrupt. There is a pressing out of work problem. On | every hand men are insisting on a larger share of the gains of civilization for themselves and their families. But the far away thing is so touch more alluring than I the prosaic duty near home. It is easier to express kindly | sentiments toward tin* Armenians than to do justice to the Negroes. It is more beautiful to promise peace to the world I than to establish order and justice in Mexico. Nevertheless, unless we have here in America a great j nation built on justice and fair dealing between its poo ph\ capable ot defending itself, not soft and easy going as I America was in the years before it entered the war, but j standing ! ■ lore the world as ready for another battle of tin* Argonne should the need arise unless we have such a nation, "nr protestations will be sounding brass and a tinkling cym bal. We must first serve America, if we are to serve the world. We must le the champions of a robust nationalism jil we are to be ready to answer when humanity calls again. THE GERMAN FOURTEEN POINTS i In* ( it.*mi,‘in people have t*\*ic 1 1* n11 v been trained from Ik" cladle up 1u think ernokedly, to si*i* every fart and ’'very proposition ill the light that pleases them first, and not in any other light. The German profiosn •,f ;fie ,i,e\ ami the preachers are primarily responsible for this condi tion of mind, lint it pervades the whole life of the nation. | 1° this day, the people of Germany, speaking generallv, I’lanu* other nations for tin* war. They justify all the atro cious acts of their own rulers and think their enemies have acted very ni'kcdlv. Now, they are hiding Mr. Wilson’s “fourteen points" which they interpret in a very false way. President Wilson" f j oints to Germany’s mind are fourteen ways of dodging moral and financial responsi bility for her heinous crimes against world civilization. Germany announces, then reiterates, that she will resist the demands of the allied peace delegates unless these de mands tire patterned along the famous principles enunciated by the American executive. But Germany interprets these fourteen points as she wishes. Germany forgets that these very principles are being interpreted in Paris ia such fash ion as to bind her hand and foot. There will he no unjust treatment of the German in Paris. But steps will be taken there to convince the Teuton, whether he be Prussian, Sax on or Bavarian, that war has been exceedingly unprofitable investment for Germany; that it cannot be repeated; fur thermore, that it must not. Germany is to be made to feel the sting of past wrongdoing. In wielding the gad Presi dent Wilson, Premier Eloyd George and Premier Piemen ceau feel that there should be no lessening of power be hind the blows. If the German has interpreted the fourteen points as milksop or honey then the German is mistaken. German delegates will enter the final deliberations in Ver sailles possibly with the idea of arguing the whole situation. They will leave with signatures attached to any treaty imposed by the Allies, and these signatures will he deman ded immediately. Germans may he disgruntled. They may denounce the terms as in violation of flu* fourteen points as they have inter*m led them. They may set up whines designed to win s.vii-j :i. I. y over the entire wce-id. There r. ay result from the actual signing a counter revolution against present ex isting governmental forms in Germany. But the German will sign. Allied nations imposing the terms are thoroughly well capable of caring for lesu’tant contingencies. In 1* ranee and in Paris definite, well-knitted plans for dealing with almost any situation have been drafted. They will lie put into operation should the Germans resist in the conference or afterward. The Germans know this. The peace to he signed will be a victory peace. Thi stigma of evildoing will be placed upon the brow of al Germans who instigated or carried tho war through it: weary years. Right and justice again will raise thei standards throughout tho world. Peace will come alonj the lines of the fourteen points. But not according tc German interpretation. THE NEWS & FARMER, THURSDAY, MAY 1,1919 WONDERFUL RECORD FOR THE PIG CLUBS They Have Outstripped The Other Agricultural Clubs A brief summary of the pig club work given below shows that material progress has been nfade in this line of club work. The membership has increased; the methods of feeding and caring for the pigs are based on scientific principles; better blood Is being used; progress is being made along all ines. This club now sur passes the corn club in the numbers enrolled. The following is some of the phases and activities of the pig club work in Georgia as carried on by the Exten sion Division of the State College of Agriculture in co-operation with the United States Department of Agricul ture: Fourteen schools in one county raised pigs on the waste from schol ars’ lunch baskets and sold them for $590.00 at an auction sale. One town of 2,000 people produced 35,000 pounds of pork from pigs raised in back yards. The white boys of the same county raised $12,340.00 worth of meat hogs, and the negro boys $2,134.86, a total of $14,474.86 worth of meat produced by pig club boys. An all-cotton county reports an in crease of 6,000 hogs in 1918. Fifty-seven pig club members In one county raised 260 head of registered Duroc-Jerseys. The amount invested was $2,300.00 An auction sale dis posed of 80 head of surplus. The sale and remaining hogs represent $7,- 800.00 Twenty-two schools in one county are raising twenty two pure-bred hogs this spring on waste from the pupils’ dinner baskets. With twenty-eight pig club hogs one county won seventy-six ribbons, and prizes amounting to $817.60, including the State championship. The State champion was the eleven year-old son of a one-horse farmer who bought his pig at an auction sale for $37.60. She is worth S3OO today Six pig club boys in one county will start hog farms in 1919. Three of these boys have their hogs and land. All of them started with one small pig- Of the 2,105 hogs at the Southetst ern Fair, 345 were owned and raised •y pig club boys who won thirty-one ribbons and $330 in prizes in the open ing. Three of the ribbons were „,inior Champions. Of the 360 hogs at the State Fair, 8 7were owned and raised by pig club boys who won 39 ribbons in the open ring and $272 in prizes. One of the ribbons was a Junior Champion. Pig club boys won 70 ribbons and $505 in prizes in the open ring at tw< Georgia fairs. Four of the ribbons were Junior Champions. The total sum represented by the hogs and pigs in the hands of the pig club members during 1918 was almost a half million dollars. The increase in the initial cost of pig clubs' pigs in 1918 was almost 60 per cent more than in 1917. The increase in the final value of bogs raised by pig club boys in 1918 over those of 1917 was over 66 per cent. The increase in the number of pure bred hogs raised by pig club boys in 1918 over 1917 was over 306 per cent. The increase in the number of pigs exhibited at two fairs by pig club boys in 1918 over 1917 was nearly 60 tier cent. The increase in profits of hogs raised in 1918 over 1917 was over 61 per cent. At l lie second annual Negro Meat Show, at Fort Valley, there were 896 pieces of hog meat exhibited, 284 dozen fresh eggs, and 43 1-2 pounds of butter. A close inspection delected fifty-seven shoulders slightly off in odor and but two actually sour.—J. K. Giles. Georgia State College of Agri culture BOLL WEEVIL SURVEY IS MADE IN SUMTER Records Are Being Taken On Over 500 Farms. Tlie Georgia State College of Agri culture, in co-operation with the U. S. Department of Agriculture in Wash ington, is making a study of 500 farms in Sumter County to determine what effect the boll weevil has had in farm ing in south Georgia. Records were taken in this county five years ago, and so the present survey will give excellent information upon which to base conclusions as to the changes in farming which the boll weevil has brought. From the records it will be deter mined just what size farms are pay ing the largest profits and what pro portion the different crops or enter prizes show in determining this profit. It might be guessed that tlie pig-pea nut-potato proposition has gone a long way towards lessening the damage done by Mr. Weevil. During the last year the college lias also taken a small number of records in Pike, Mitchell and Walker coun ties. The U. S. Department of Agri culture has made a survey of Brooks County as well as of Sumter. The results of the work in these two coun ties may be secured by writing to the Department of Publications at Wash ington. Editor. Georgia State College of Agriculture. How Cabinet Has Grown. George Washington had only five cabinet officers—a secretary of state, a secretary of tho treasury, a secre tary of war, a postmaster general and an attorney general. A secretary of the navy was added under John Adams, a secretary of the interior un der Taylor and a secretary of agrlcul ture under Cleveland. The depart ment of commerce and labor was ere ated in 1903, under Roosevelt, and the department of labor was made sepa rate under Wilson in 3918. Where to Borrow Money That’s the vital question of today with many of our farmers throughout this section. We wish to state we are in position to make loans ow good security to responsible parties at a nominal rate of interest. We are members of the Federal Reserve Bank and have ample resources to take care of our friends and custo mers WHERE TO DEPOSIT MONEY This too is a vital question and one that should be given care ful thought and consideration. This bank being a NATIONAL BANK, and the only National Bank in Jefferson county, offers to depositors the utmost security known in the banking world. No depositor has ever lost a dollar in this institution. So why not play safe and deposit your money with us? TO ERECT A MODERN BANK BUILDING We will, within a few months, be in our new bank" building which will be one of the finest and most modern in this section of Georgia. We will build a double fire-proof vault and will in stall a complete set of safety deposit boxes for the use of our cus tomers. We will also build a Ladies’ Rest Room and private of fice for the use of the lady patrons of this institution and many other new and novel features to be found in the metropolitan banks. Visit us in our temporary quarters where we are always glad to have you call. First National Bank LOUISVILLE, GA. Matters Not to Be Discussed. Of this fact we may all rest as sured : The quieter we keep about ourselves, our affairs, pleasant or oth erwise, the better it will be for us Time is at a premium these days, and If we hope to surmount our difficulties no metier how trying they may be, we must wisely learn to keep each and every one ot those problems in tli< background. • Chain ’ ' Usco ’ Good Tire Year You have doubtless noticed ie growing preponderance of Every one is asking for tires And that is precisely what nited States Tires represent t the minds of motorists here The idea back of United tates Tires —to build good res —the best tires that can e built, is appealing to rapidly rowing numbers. We can provide you with nited States Tires to meet— || (■ I k |J and meet exactly—your indi visual needs. ■ United States Tires . are Good Tires Farmer & Rowe, Louisville The S. C. Evans Cos., Wadley, Ga. Vegetable Diet. A well-balanced diet does not neces sitate much meat. The leuf vegetables, like cabbage, spinach, celery, onions, etc., are now in their prime, and should be used as the basis of a number of appetizing dishes. Supplemented as they can be by a liberal allowance of milk, cereals and a limited number of eggs, the proper food values are fully maintained. Fruit That Produce* Oil. A fruit containing a large percent age of oil has been discovered In the region of Torreon, Mex., and is known 6y the name of chichopoxtle. Experi ments show that 25 per cent of its con tents consists of oil of great value In industrial pursuits requiring a lubri cant of high quality. It is proposed h> introduce the cultivation of this fr<* upon a large scale.